xref: /linux/arch/riscv/kernel/head.S (revision 41213bf2ae6c936f51a79986b37f95da9ecbb970)
1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
2/*
3 * Copyright (C) 2012 Regents of the University of California
4 */
5
6#include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
7#include <asm/asm.h>
8#include <linux/init.h>
9#include <linux/linkage.h>
10#include <asm/thread_info.h>
11#include <asm/page.h>
12#include <asm/pgtable.h>
13#include <asm/csr.h>
14#include <asm/hwcap.h>
15#include <asm/image.h>
16#include <asm/scs.h>
17#include <asm/xip_fixup.h>
18#include <asm/usercfi.h>
19#include "efi-header.S"
20
21__HEAD
22SYM_CODE_START(_start)
23	/*
24	 * Image header expected by Linux boot-loaders. The image header data
25	 * structure is described in asm/image.h.
26	 * Do not modify it without modifying the structure and all bootloaders
27	 * that expects this header format!!
28	 */
29#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
30	/*
31	 * This instruction decodes to "MZ" ASCII required by UEFI.
32	 */
33	c.li s4,-13
34	j _start_kernel
35#else
36	/* jump to start kernel */
37	j _start_kernel
38	/* reserved */
39	.word 0
40#endif
41	.balign 8
42#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE
43	/* Image load offset (0MB) from start of RAM for M-mode */
44	.dword 0
45#else
46#if __riscv_xlen == 64
47	/* Image load offset(2MB) from start of RAM */
48	.dword 0x200000
49#else
50	/* Image load offset(4MB) from start of RAM */
51	.dword 0x400000
52#endif
53#endif
54	/* Effective size of kernel image */
55	.dword _end - _start
56	.dword __HEAD_FLAGS
57	.word RISCV_HEADER_VERSION
58	.word 0
59	.dword 0
60	.ascii RISCV_IMAGE_MAGIC
61	.balign 4
62	.ascii RISCV_IMAGE_MAGIC2
63#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
64	.word pe_head_start - _start
65pe_head_start:
66
67	__EFI_PE_HEADER
68#else
69	.word 0
70#endif
71
72.align 2
73#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
74	.global relocate_enable_mmu
75relocate_enable_mmu:
76	/* Relocate return address */
77	la a1, kernel_map
78	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a1
79	REG_L a1, KERNEL_MAP_VIRT_ADDR(a1)
80	la a2, _start
81	sub a1, a1, a2
82	add ra, ra, a1
83
84	/* Point stvec to virtual address of intruction after satp write */
85	la a2, 1f
86	add a2, a2, a1
87	csrw CSR_TVEC, a2
88
89	/* Compute satp for kernel page tables, but don't load it yet */
90	srl a2, a0, PAGE_SHIFT
91	la a1, satp_mode
92	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a1
93	REG_L a1, 0(a1)
94	or a2, a2, a1
95
96	/*
97	 * Load trampoline page directory, which will cause us to trap to
98	 * stvec if VA != PA, or simply fall through if VA == PA.  We need a
99	 * full fence here because setup_vm() just wrote these PTEs and we need
100	 * to ensure the new translations are in use.
101	 */
102	la a0, trampoline_pg_dir
103	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
104	srl a0, a0, PAGE_SHIFT
105	or a0, a0, a1
106	sfence.vma
107	csrw CSR_SATP, a0
108.align 2
1091:
110	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
111	la a0, .Lsecondary_park
112	csrw CSR_TVEC, a0
113
114	/* Reload the global pointer */
115	load_global_pointer
116
117	/*
118	 * Switch to kernel page tables.  A full fence is necessary in order to
119	 * avoid using the trampoline translations, which are only correct for
120	 * the first superpage.  Fetching the fence is guaranteed to work
121	 * because that first superpage is translated the same way.
122	 */
123	csrw CSR_SATP, a2
124	sfence.vma
125
126	ret
127#endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
128#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
129	.global secondary_start_sbi
130secondary_start_sbi:
131	/* Mask all interrupts */
132	csrw CSR_IE, zero
133	csrw CSR_IP, zero
134
135#ifndef CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE
136	/* Enable time CSR */
137	li t0, 0x2
138	csrw CSR_SCOUNTEREN, t0
139#endif
140
141	/* Load the global pointer */
142	load_global_pointer
143
144	/*
145	 * Disable FPU & VECTOR to detect illegal usage of
146	 * floating point or vector in kernel space
147	 */
148	li t0, SR_FS_VS
149	csrc CSR_STATUS, t0
150
151	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
152	la a3, .Lsecondary_park
153	csrw CSR_TVEC, a3
154
155	/* a0 contains the hartid & a1 contains boot data */
156	li a2, SBI_HART_BOOT_TASK_PTR_OFFSET
157	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
158	add a2, a2, a1
159	REG_L tp, (a2)
160	li a3, SBI_HART_BOOT_STACK_PTR_OFFSET
161	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a3
162	add a3, a3, a1
163	REG_L sp, (a3)
164
165.Lsecondary_start_common:
166
167#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
168	/* Enable virtual memory and relocate to virtual address */
169	la a0, swapper_pg_dir
170	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
171	call relocate_enable_mmu
172#endif
173	call .Lsetup_trap_vector
174#if defined(CONFIG_RISCV_SBI) && defined(CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI)
175	li a7, SBI_EXT_FWFT
176	li a6, SBI_EXT_FWFT_SET
177	li a0, SBI_FWFT_SHADOW_STACK
178	li a1, 1 /* enable supervisor to access shadow stack access */
179	li a2, SBI_FWFT_SET_FLAG_LOCK
180	ecall
181	beqz a0, 1f
182	la a1, riscv_nousercfi
183	li a0, CMDLINE_DISABLE_RISCV_USERCFI_BCFI
184	REG_S a0, (a1)
1851:
186#endif
187	scs_load_current
188	call smp_callin
189#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
190
191.align 2
192.Lsecondary_park:
193	/*
194	 * Park this hart if we:
195	 *  - have too many harts on CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT
196	 *  - receive an early trap, before setup_trap_vector finished
197	 *  - fail in smp_callin(), as a successful one wouldn't return
198	 */
199	wfi
200	j .Lsecondary_park
201
202.align 2
203.Lsetup_trap_vector:
204	/* Set trap vector to exception handler */
205	la a0, handle_exception
206	csrw CSR_TVEC, a0
207
208	/*
209	 * Set sup0 scratch register to 0, indicating to exception vector that
210	 * we are presently executing in kernel.
211	 */
212	csrw CSR_SCRATCH, zero
213	ret
214
215SYM_CODE_END(_start)
216
217SYM_CODE_START(_start_kernel)
218	/* Mask all interrupts */
219	csrw CSR_IE, zero
220	csrw CSR_IP, zero
221
222#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE
223	/* flush the instruction cache */
224	fence.i
225
226	/* Reset all registers except ra, a0, a1 */
227	call reset_regs
228
229	/*
230	 * Setup a PMP to permit access to all of memory.  Some machines may
231	 * not implement PMPs, so we set up a quick trap handler to just skip
232	 * touching the PMPs on any trap.
233	 */
234	la a0, .Lpmp_done
235	csrw CSR_TVEC, a0
236
237	li a0, -1
238	csrw CSR_PMPADDR0, a0
239	li a0, (PMP_A_NAPOT | PMP_R | PMP_W | PMP_X)
240	csrw CSR_PMPCFG0, a0
241.align 2
242.Lpmp_done:
243
244	/*
245	 * The hartid in a0 is expected later on, and we have no firmware
246	 * to hand it to us.
247	 */
248	csrr a0, CSR_MHARTID
249#else
250	/* Enable time CSR */
251	li t0, 0x2
252	csrw CSR_SCOUNTEREN, t0
253#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE */
254
255	/* Load the global pointer */
256	load_global_pointer
257
258	/*
259	 * Disable FPU & VECTOR to detect illegal usage of
260	 * floating point or vector in kernel space
261	 */
262	li t0, SR_FS_VS
263	csrc CSR_STATUS, t0
264
265#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT
266	li t0, CONFIG_NR_CPUS
267	blt a0, t0, .Lgood_cores
268	tail .Lsecondary_park
269.Lgood_cores:
270
271	/* The lottery system is only required for spinwait booting method */
272#ifndef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
273	/* Pick one hart to run the main boot sequence */
274	la a3, hart_lottery
275	li a2, 1
276	amoadd.w a3, a2, (a3)
277	bnez a3, .Lsecondary_start
278
279#else
280	/* hart_lottery in flash contains a magic number */
281	la a3, hart_lottery
282	mv a2, a3
283	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
284	XIP_FIXUP_FLASH_OFFSET a3
285	lw t1, (a3)
286	amoswap.w t0, t1, (a2)
287	/* first time here if hart_lottery in RAM is not set */
288	beq t0, t1, .Lsecondary_start
289
290#endif /* CONFIG_XIP */
291#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT */
292
293#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
294	la sp, _end + THREAD_SIZE
295	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET sp
296	mv s0, a0
297	mv s1, a1
298	call __copy_data
299
300	/* Restore a0 & a1 copy */
301	mv a0, s0
302	mv a1, s1
303#endif
304
305#ifndef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
306	/* Clear BSS for flat non-ELF images */
307	la a3, __bss_start
308	la a4, __bss_stop
309	ble a4, a3, .Lclear_bss_done
310.Lclear_bss:
311	REG_S zero, (a3)
312	add a3, a3, RISCV_SZPTR
313	blt a3, a4, .Lclear_bss
314.Lclear_bss_done:
315#endif
316	la a2, boot_cpu_hartid
317	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
318	REG_S a0, (a2)
319
320	/* Initialize page tables and relocate to virtual addresses */
321	la tp, init_task
322	la sp, init_thread_union + THREAD_SIZE
323	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET sp
324	addi sp, sp, -PT_SIZE_ON_STACK
325	scs_load_init_stack
326#ifdef CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB
327	la a0, __dtb_start
328	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
329#else
330	mv a0, a1
331#endif /* CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB */
332	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
333	la a3, .Lsecondary_park
334	csrw CSR_TVEC, a3
335	call setup_vm
336#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
337	la a0, early_pg_dir
338	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
339	call relocate_enable_mmu
340#endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
341
342	call .Lsetup_trap_vector
343	/* Restore C environment */
344	la tp, init_task
345	la sp, init_thread_union + THREAD_SIZE
346	addi sp, sp, -PT_SIZE_ON_STACK
347#if defined(CONFIG_RISCV_SBI) && defined(CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI)
348	li a7, SBI_EXT_FWFT
349	li a6, SBI_EXT_FWFT_SET
350	li a0, SBI_FWFT_SHADOW_STACK
351	li a1, 1 /* enable supervisor to access shadow stack access */
352	li a2, SBI_FWFT_SET_FLAG_LOCK
353	ecall
354	beqz a0, 1f
355	la a1, riscv_nousercfi
356	li a0, CMDLINE_DISABLE_RISCV_USERCFI_BCFI
357	REG_S a0, (a1)
3581:
359#endif
360	scs_load_current
361
362#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
363	call kasan_early_init
364#endif
365	/* Start the kernel */
366	call soc_early_init
367	tail start_kernel
368
369#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT
370.Lsecondary_start:
371	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
372	la a3, .Lsecondary_park
373	csrw CSR_TVEC, a3
374
375	slli a3, a0, LGREG
376	la a1, __cpu_spinwait_stack_pointer
377	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a1
378	la a2, __cpu_spinwait_task_pointer
379	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
380	add a1, a3, a1
381	add a2, a3, a2
382
383	/*
384	 * This hart didn't win the lottery, so we wait for the winning hart to
385	 * get far enough along the boot process that it should continue.
386	 */
387.Lwait_for_cpu_up:
388	/* FIXME: We should WFI to save some energy here. */
389	REG_L sp, (a1)
390	REG_L tp, (a2)
391	beqz sp, .Lwait_for_cpu_up
392	beqz tp, .Lwait_for_cpu_up
393	fence
394
395	tail .Lsecondary_start_common
396#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT */
397
398SYM_CODE_END(_start_kernel)
399
400#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE
401SYM_CODE_START_LOCAL(reset_regs)
402	li	sp, 0
403	li	gp, 0
404	li	tp, 0
405	li	t0, 0
406	li	t1, 0
407	li	t2, 0
408	li	s0, 0
409	li	s1, 0
410	li	a2, 0
411	li	a3, 0
412	li	a4, 0
413	li	a5, 0
414	li	a6, 0
415	li	a7, 0
416	li	s2, 0
417	li	s3, 0
418	li	s4, 0
419	li	s5, 0
420	li	s6, 0
421	li	s7, 0
422	li	s8, 0
423	li	s9, 0
424	li	s10, 0
425	li	s11, 0
426	li	t3, 0
427	li	t4, 0
428	li	t5, 0
429	li	t6, 0
430	csrw	CSR_SCRATCH, 0
431
432#ifdef CONFIG_FPU
433	csrr	t0, CSR_MISA
434	andi	t0, t0, (COMPAT_HWCAP_ISA_F | COMPAT_HWCAP_ISA_D)
435	beqz	t0, .Lreset_regs_done_fpu
436
437	li	t1, SR_FS
438	csrs	CSR_STATUS, t1
439	fmv.s.x	f0, zero
440	fmv.s.x	f1, zero
441	fmv.s.x	f2, zero
442	fmv.s.x	f3, zero
443	fmv.s.x	f4, zero
444	fmv.s.x	f5, zero
445	fmv.s.x	f6, zero
446	fmv.s.x	f7, zero
447	fmv.s.x	f8, zero
448	fmv.s.x	f9, zero
449	fmv.s.x	f10, zero
450	fmv.s.x	f11, zero
451	fmv.s.x	f12, zero
452	fmv.s.x	f13, zero
453	fmv.s.x	f14, zero
454	fmv.s.x	f15, zero
455	fmv.s.x	f16, zero
456	fmv.s.x	f17, zero
457	fmv.s.x	f18, zero
458	fmv.s.x	f19, zero
459	fmv.s.x	f20, zero
460	fmv.s.x	f21, zero
461	fmv.s.x	f22, zero
462	fmv.s.x	f23, zero
463	fmv.s.x	f24, zero
464	fmv.s.x	f25, zero
465	fmv.s.x	f26, zero
466	fmv.s.x	f27, zero
467	fmv.s.x	f28, zero
468	fmv.s.x	f29, zero
469	fmv.s.x	f30, zero
470	fmv.s.x	f31, zero
471	csrw	fcsr, 0
472	/* note that the caller must clear SR_FS */
473.Lreset_regs_done_fpu:
474#endif /* CONFIG_FPU */
475
476#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_V
477	csrr	t0, CSR_MISA
478	li	t1, COMPAT_HWCAP_ISA_V
479	and	t0, t0, t1
480	beqz	t0, .Lreset_regs_done_vector
481
482	/*
483	 * Clear vector registers and reset vcsr
484	 * VLMAX has a defined value, VLEN is a constant,
485	 * and this form of vsetvli is defined to set vl to VLMAX.
486	 */
487	li	t1, SR_VS
488	csrs	CSR_STATUS, t1
489	csrs	CSR_VCSR, x0
490	vsetvli t1, x0, e8, m8, ta, ma
491	vmv.v.i v0, 0
492	vmv.v.i v8, 0
493	vmv.v.i v16, 0
494	vmv.v.i v24, 0
495	/* note that the caller must clear SR_VS */
496.Lreset_regs_done_vector:
497#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_V */
498	ret
499SYM_CODE_END(reset_regs)
500#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE */
501