xref: /linux/arch/riscv/kernel/head.S (revision feff82eb5f4075d541990d0ba60dad14ea83ea9b)
1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
2/*
3 * Copyright (C) 2012 Regents of the University of California
4 */
5
6#include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
7#include <asm/asm.h>
8#include <linux/init.h>
9#include <linux/linkage.h>
10#include <asm/thread_info.h>
11#include <asm/page.h>
12#include <asm/pgtable.h>
13#include <asm/csr.h>
14#include <asm/hwcap.h>
15#include <asm/image.h>
16#include <asm/scs.h>
17#include <asm/usercfi.h>
18#include "efi-header.S"
19
20__HEAD
21SYM_CODE_START(_start)
22	/*
23	 * Image header expected by Linux boot-loaders. The image header data
24	 * structure is described in asm/image.h.
25	 * Do not modify it without modifying the structure and all bootloaders
26	 * that expects this header format!!
27	 */
28#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
29	/*
30	 * This instruction decodes to "MZ" ASCII required by UEFI.
31	 */
32	c.li s4,-13
33	j _start_kernel
34#else
35	/* jump to start kernel */
36	j _start_kernel
37	/* reserved */
38	.word 0
39#endif
40	.balign 8
41#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE
42	/* Image load offset (0MB) from start of RAM for M-mode */
43	.dword 0
44#else
45#if __riscv_xlen == 64
46	/* Image load offset(2MB) from start of RAM */
47	.dword 0x200000
48#else
49	/* Image load offset(4MB) from start of RAM */
50	.dword 0x400000
51#endif
52#endif
53	/* Effective size of kernel image */
54	.dword _end - _start
55	.dword __HEAD_FLAGS
56	.word RISCV_HEADER_VERSION
57	.word 0
58	.dword 0
59	.ascii RISCV_IMAGE_MAGIC
60	.balign 4
61	.ascii RISCV_IMAGE_MAGIC2
62#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
63	.word pe_head_start - _start
64pe_head_start:
65
66	__EFI_PE_HEADER
67#else
68	.word 0
69#endif
70
71.align 2
72#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
73	.global relocate_enable_mmu
74relocate_enable_mmu:
75	/* Relocate return address */
76	la a1, kernel_map
77	REG_L a1, KERNEL_MAP_VIRT_ADDR(a1)
78	la a2, _start
79	sub a1, a1, a2
80	add ra, ra, a1
81
82	/* Point stvec to virtual address of instruction after satp write */
83	la a2, 1f
84	add a2, a2, a1
85	csrw CSR_TVEC, a2
86
87	/* Compute satp for kernel page tables, but don't load it yet */
88	srl a2, a0, PAGE_SHIFT
89	la a1, satp_mode
90	REG_L a1, 0(a1)
91	or a2, a2, a1
92
93	/*
94	 * Load trampoline page directory, which will cause us to trap to
95	 * stvec if VA != PA, or simply fall through if VA == PA.  We need a
96	 * full fence here because setup_vm() just wrote these PTEs and we need
97	 * to ensure the new translations are in use.
98	 */
99	la a0, trampoline_pg_dir
100	srl a0, a0, PAGE_SHIFT
101	or a0, a0, a1
102	sfence.vma
103	csrw CSR_SATP, a0
104.align 2
1051:
106	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
107	la a0, .Lsecondary_park
108	csrw CSR_TVEC, a0
109
110	/* Reload the global pointer */
111	load_global_pointer
112
113	/*
114	 * Switch to kernel page tables.  A full fence is necessary in order to
115	 * avoid using the trampoline translations, which are only correct for
116	 * the first superpage.  Fetching the fence is guaranteed to work
117	 * because that first superpage is translated the same way.
118	 */
119	csrw CSR_SATP, a2
120	sfence.vma
121
122	ret
123#endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
124#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
125	.global secondary_start_sbi
126secondary_start_sbi:
127	/* Mask all interrupts */
128	csrw CSR_IE, zero
129	csrw CSR_IP, zero
130
131#ifndef CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE
132	/* Enable time CSR */
133	li t0, 0x2
134	csrw CSR_SCOUNTEREN, t0
135#endif
136
137	/* Load the global pointer */
138	load_global_pointer
139
140	/*
141	 * Disable FPU & VECTOR to detect illegal usage of
142	 * floating point or vector in kernel space
143	 */
144	li t0, SR_FS_VS
145	csrc CSR_STATUS, t0
146
147	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
148	la a3, .Lsecondary_park
149	csrw CSR_TVEC, a3
150
151	/* a0 contains the hartid & a1 contains boot data */
152	li a2, SBI_HART_BOOT_TASK_PTR_OFFSET
153	add a2, a2, a1
154	REG_L tp, (a2)
155	li a3, SBI_HART_BOOT_STACK_PTR_OFFSET
156	add a3, a3, a1
157	REG_L sp, (a3)
158
159.Lsecondary_start_common:
160
161#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
162	/* Enable virtual memory and relocate to virtual address */
163	la a0, swapper_pg_dir
164	call relocate_enable_mmu
165#endif
166	call .Lsetup_trap_vector
167#if defined(CONFIG_RISCV_SBI) && defined(CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI)
168	li a7, SBI_EXT_FWFT
169	li a6, SBI_EXT_FWFT_SET
170	li a0, SBI_FWFT_SHADOW_STACK
171	li a1, 1 /* enable supervisor to access shadow stack access */
172	li a2, SBI_FWFT_SET_FLAG_LOCK
173	ecall
174	beqz a0, 1f
175	la a1, riscv_nousercfi
176	li a0, CMDLINE_DISABLE_RISCV_USERCFI_BCFI
177	REG_S a0, (a1)
1781:
179#endif
180	scs_load_current
181	call smp_callin
182#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
183
184.align 2
185.Lsecondary_park:
186	/*
187	 * Park this hart if we:
188	 *  - have too many harts on CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT
189	 *  - receive an early trap, before setup_trap_vector finished
190	 *  - fail in smp_callin(), as a successful one wouldn't return
191	 */
192	wfi
193	j .Lsecondary_park
194
195.align 2
196.Lsetup_trap_vector:
197	/* Set trap vector to exception handler */
198	la a0, handle_exception
199	csrw CSR_TVEC, a0
200
201	/*
202	 * Set sup0 scratch register to 0, indicating to exception vector that
203	 * we are presently executing in kernel.
204	 */
205	csrw CSR_SCRATCH, zero
206	ret
207
208SYM_CODE_END(_start)
209
210SYM_CODE_START(_start_kernel)
211	/* Mask all interrupts */
212	csrw CSR_IE, zero
213	csrw CSR_IP, zero
214
215#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE
216	/* flush the instruction cache */
217	fence.i
218
219	/* Reset all registers except ra, a0, a1 */
220	call reset_regs
221
222	/*
223	 * Setup a PMP to permit access to all of memory.  Some machines may
224	 * not implement PMPs, so we set up a quick trap handler to just skip
225	 * touching the PMPs on any trap.
226	 */
227	la a0, .Lpmp_done
228	csrw CSR_TVEC, a0
229
230	li a0, -1
231	csrw CSR_PMPADDR0, a0
232	li a0, (PMP_A_NAPOT | PMP_R | PMP_W | PMP_X)
233	csrw CSR_PMPCFG0, a0
234.align 2
235.Lpmp_done:
236
237	/*
238	 * The hartid in a0 is expected later on, and we have no firmware
239	 * to hand it to us.
240	 */
241	csrr a0, CSR_MHARTID
242#else
243	/* Enable time CSR */
244	li t0, 0x2
245	csrw CSR_SCOUNTEREN, t0
246#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE */
247
248	/* Load the global pointer */
249	load_global_pointer
250
251	/*
252	 * Disable FPU & VECTOR to detect illegal usage of
253	 * floating point or vector in kernel space
254	 */
255	li t0, SR_FS_VS
256	csrc CSR_STATUS, t0
257
258#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT
259	li t0, CONFIG_NR_CPUS
260	blt a0, t0, .Lgood_cores
261	tail .Lsecondary_park
262.Lgood_cores:
263
264	/* The lottery system is only required for spinwait booting method */
265	/* Pick one hart to run the main boot sequence */
266	la a3, hart_lottery
267	li a2, 1
268	amoadd.w a3, a2, (a3)
269	bnez a3, .Lsecondary_start
270#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT */
271
272	/* Clear BSS for flat non-ELF images */
273	la a3, __bss_start
274	la a4, __bss_stop
275	ble a4, a3, .Lclear_bss_done
276.Lclear_bss:
277	REG_S zero, (a3)
278	add a3, a3, RISCV_SZPTR
279	blt a3, a4, .Lclear_bss
280.Lclear_bss_done:
281	la a2, boot_cpu_hartid
282	REG_S a0, (a2)
283
284	/* Initialize page tables and relocate to virtual addresses */
285	la tp, init_task
286	la sp, init_thread_union + THREAD_SIZE
287	addi sp, sp, -PT_SIZE_ON_STACK
288	scs_load_init_stack
289#ifdef CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB
290	la a0, __dtb_start
291#else
292	mv a0, a1
293#endif /* CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB */
294	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
295	la a3, .Lsecondary_park
296	csrw CSR_TVEC, a3
297	call setup_vm
298#ifdef CONFIG_MMU
299	la a0, early_pg_dir
300	call relocate_enable_mmu
301#endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
302
303	call .Lsetup_trap_vector
304	/* Restore C environment */
305	la tp, init_task
306	la sp, init_thread_union + THREAD_SIZE
307	addi sp, sp, -PT_SIZE_ON_STACK
308#if defined(CONFIG_RISCV_SBI) && defined(CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI)
309	li a7, SBI_EXT_FWFT
310	li a6, SBI_EXT_FWFT_SET
311	li a0, SBI_FWFT_SHADOW_STACK
312	li a1, 1 /* enable supervisor to access shadow stack access */
313	li a2, SBI_FWFT_SET_FLAG_LOCK
314	ecall
315	beqz a0, 1f
316	la a1, riscv_nousercfi
317	li a0, CMDLINE_DISABLE_RISCV_USERCFI_BCFI
318	REG_S a0, (a1)
3191:
320#endif
321	scs_load_current
322
323#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
324	call kasan_early_init
325#endif
326	/* Start the kernel */
327	call soc_early_init
328	tail start_kernel
329
330#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT
331.Lsecondary_start:
332	/* Set trap vector to spin forever to help debug */
333	la a3, .Lsecondary_park
334	csrw CSR_TVEC, a3
335
336	slli a3, a0, LGREG
337	la a1, __cpu_spinwait_stack_pointer
338	la a2, __cpu_spinwait_task_pointer
339	add a1, a3, a1
340	add a2, a3, a2
341
342	/*
343	 * This hart didn't win the lottery, so we wait for the winning hart to
344	 * get far enough along the boot process that it should continue.
345	 */
346.Lwait_for_cpu_up:
347	/* FIXME: We should WFI to save some energy here. */
348	REG_L sp, (a1)
349	REG_L tp, (a2)
350	beqz sp, .Lwait_for_cpu_up
351	beqz tp, .Lwait_for_cpu_up
352	fence
353
354	tail .Lsecondary_start_common
355#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_BOOT_SPINWAIT */
356
357SYM_CODE_END(_start_kernel)
358
359#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE
360SYM_CODE_START_LOCAL(reset_regs)
361	li	sp, 0
362	li	gp, 0
363	li	tp, 0
364	li	t0, 0
365	li	t1, 0
366	li	t2, 0
367	li	s0, 0
368	li	s1, 0
369	li	a2, 0
370	li	a3, 0
371	li	a4, 0
372	li	a5, 0
373	li	a6, 0
374	li	a7, 0
375	li	s2, 0
376	li	s3, 0
377	li	s4, 0
378	li	s5, 0
379	li	s6, 0
380	li	s7, 0
381	li	s8, 0
382	li	s9, 0
383	li	s10, 0
384	li	s11, 0
385	li	t3, 0
386	li	t4, 0
387	li	t5, 0
388	li	t6, 0
389	csrw	CSR_SCRATCH, 0
390
391#ifdef CONFIG_FPU
392	csrr	t0, CSR_MISA
393	andi	t0, t0, (COMPAT_HWCAP_ISA_F | COMPAT_HWCAP_ISA_D)
394	beqz	t0, .Lreset_regs_done_fpu
395
396	li	t1, SR_FS
397	csrs	CSR_STATUS, t1
398	fmv.s.x	f0, zero
399	fmv.s.x	f1, zero
400	fmv.s.x	f2, zero
401	fmv.s.x	f3, zero
402	fmv.s.x	f4, zero
403	fmv.s.x	f5, zero
404	fmv.s.x	f6, zero
405	fmv.s.x	f7, zero
406	fmv.s.x	f8, zero
407	fmv.s.x	f9, zero
408	fmv.s.x	f10, zero
409	fmv.s.x	f11, zero
410	fmv.s.x	f12, zero
411	fmv.s.x	f13, zero
412	fmv.s.x	f14, zero
413	fmv.s.x	f15, zero
414	fmv.s.x	f16, zero
415	fmv.s.x	f17, zero
416	fmv.s.x	f18, zero
417	fmv.s.x	f19, zero
418	fmv.s.x	f20, zero
419	fmv.s.x	f21, zero
420	fmv.s.x	f22, zero
421	fmv.s.x	f23, zero
422	fmv.s.x	f24, zero
423	fmv.s.x	f25, zero
424	fmv.s.x	f26, zero
425	fmv.s.x	f27, zero
426	fmv.s.x	f28, zero
427	fmv.s.x	f29, zero
428	fmv.s.x	f30, zero
429	fmv.s.x	f31, zero
430	csrw	fcsr, 0
431	/* note that the caller must clear SR_FS */
432.Lreset_regs_done_fpu:
433#endif /* CONFIG_FPU */
434
435#ifdef CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_V
436	csrr	t0, CSR_MISA
437	li	t1, COMPAT_HWCAP_ISA_V
438	and	t0, t0, t1
439	beqz	t0, .Lreset_regs_done_vector
440
441	/*
442	 * Clear vector registers and reset vcsr
443	 * VLMAX has a defined value, VLEN is a constant,
444	 * and this form of vsetvli is defined to set vl to VLMAX.
445	 */
446	li	t1, SR_VS
447	csrs	CSR_STATUS, t1
448	csrs	CSR_VCSR, x0
449	vsetvli t1, x0, e8, m8, ta, ma
450	vmv.v.i v0, 0
451	vmv.v.i v8, 0
452	vmv.v.i v16, 0
453	vmv.v.i v24, 0
454	/* note that the caller must clear SR_VS */
455.Lreset_regs_done_vector:
456#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_ISA_V */
457	ret
458SYM_CODE_END(reset_regs)
459#endif /* CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE */
460