xref: /linux/include/linux/iomap.h (revision 3fd6c59042dbba50391e30862beac979491145fe)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef LINUX_IOMAP_H
3 #define LINUX_IOMAP_H 1
4 
5 #include <linux/atomic.h>
6 #include <linux/bitmap.h>
7 #include <linux/blk_types.h>
8 #include <linux/mm.h>
9 #include <linux/types.h>
10 #include <linux/mm_types.h>
11 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
12 
13 struct address_space;
14 struct fiemap_extent_info;
15 struct inode;
16 struct iomap_iter;
17 struct iomap_dio;
18 struct iomap_writepage_ctx;
19 struct iov_iter;
20 struct kiocb;
21 struct page;
22 struct vm_area_struct;
23 struct vm_fault;
24 
25 /*
26  * Types of block ranges for iomap mappings:
27  */
28 #define IOMAP_HOLE	0	/* no blocks allocated, need allocation */
29 #define IOMAP_DELALLOC	1	/* delayed allocation blocks */
30 #define IOMAP_MAPPED	2	/* blocks allocated at @addr */
31 #define IOMAP_UNWRITTEN	3	/* blocks allocated at @addr in unwritten state */
32 #define IOMAP_INLINE	4	/* data inline in the inode */
33 
34 /*
35  * Flags reported by the file system from iomap_begin:
36  *
37  * IOMAP_F_NEW indicates that the blocks have been newly allocated and need
38  * zeroing for areas that no data is copied to.
39  *
40  * IOMAP_F_DIRTY indicates the inode has uncommitted metadata needed to access
41  * written data and requires fdatasync to commit them to persistent storage.
42  * This needs to take into account metadata changes that *may* be made at IO
43  * completion, such as file size updates from direct IO.
44  *
45  * IOMAP_F_SHARED indicates that the blocks are shared, and will need to be
46  * unshared as part a write.
47  *
48  * IOMAP_F_MERGED indicates that the iomap contains the merge of multiple block
49  * mappings.
50  *
51  * IOMAP_F_BUFFER_HEAD indicates that the file system requires the use of
52  * buffer heads for this mapping.
53  *
54  * IOMAP_F_XATTR indicates that the iomap is for an extended attribute extent
55  * rather than a file data extent.
56  *
57  * IOMAP_F_BOUNDARY indicates that I/O and I/O completions for this iomap must
58  * never be merged with the mapping before it.
59  */
60 #define IOMAP_F_NEW		(1U << 0)
61 #define IOMAP_F_DIRTY		(1U << 1)
62 #define IOMAP_F_SHARED		(1U << 2)
63 #define IOMAP_F_MERGED		(1U << 3)
64 #ifdef CONFIG_BUFFER_HEAD
65 #define IOMAP_F_BUFFER_HEAD	(1U << 4)
66 #else
67 #define IOMAP_F_BUFFER_HEAD	0
68 #endif /* CONFIG_BUFFER_HEAD */
69 #define IOMAP_F_XATTR		(1U << 5)
70 #define IOMAP_F_BOUNDARY	(1U << 6)
71 
72 /*
73  * Flags set by the core iomap code during operations:
74  *
75  * IOMAP_F_SIZE_CHANGED indicates to the iomap_end method that the file size
76  * has changed as the result of this write operation.
77  *
78  * IOMAP_F_STALE indicates that the iomap is not valid any longer and the file
79  * range it covers needs to be remapped by the high level before the operation
80  * can proceed.
81  */
82 #define IOMAP_F_SIZE_CHANGED	(1U << 8)
83 #define IOMAP_F_STALE		(1U << 9)
84 
85 /*
86  * Flags from 0x1000 up are for file system specific usage:
87  */
88 #define IOMAP_F_PRIVATE		(1U << 12)
89 
90 
91 /*
92  * Magic value for addr:
93  */
94 #define IOMAP_NULL_ADDR -1ULL	/* addr is not valid */
95 
96 struct iomap_folio_ops;
97 
98 struct iomap {
99 	u64			addr; /* disk offset of mapping, bytes */
100 	loff_t			offset;	/* file offset of mapping, bytes */
101 	u64			length;	/* length of mapping, bytes */
102 	u16			type;	/* type of mapping */
103 	u16			flags;	/* flags for mapping */
104 	struct block_device	*bdev;	/* block device for I/O */
105 	struct dax_device	*dax_dev; /* dax_dev for dax operations */
106 	void			*inline_data;
107 	void			*private; /* filesystem private */
108 	const struct iomap_folio_ops *folio_ops;
109 	u64			validity_cookie; /* used with .iomap_valid() */
110 };
111 
iomap_sector(const struct iomap * iomap,loff_t pos)112 static inline sector_t iomap_sector(const struct iomap *iomap, loff_t pos)
113 {
114 	return (iomap->addr + pos - iomap->offset) >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
115 }
116 
117 /*
118  * Returns the inline data pointer for logical offset @pos.
119  */
iomap_inline_data(const struct iomap * iomap,loff_t pos)120 static inline void *iomap_inline_data(const struct iomap *iomap, loff_t pos)
121 {
122 	return iomap->inline_data + pos - iomap->offset;
123 }
124 
125 /*
126  * Check if the mapping's length is within the valid range for inline data.
127  * This is used to guard against accessing data beyond the page inline_data
128  * points at.
129  */
iomap_inline_data_valid(const struct iomap * iomap)130 static inline bool iomap_inline_data_valid(const struct iomap *iomap)
131 {
132 	return iomap->length <= PAGE_SIZE - offset_in_page(iomap->inline_data);
133 }
134 
135 /*
136  * When a filesystem sets folio_ops in an iomap mapping it returns, get_folio
137  * and put_folio will be called for each folio written to.  This only applies
138  * to buffered writes as unbuffered writes will not typically have folios
139  * associated with them.
140  *
141  * When get_folio succeeds, put_folio will always be called to do any
142  * cleanup work necessary.  put_folio is responsible for unlocking and putting
143  * @folio.
144  */
145 struct iomap_folio_ops {
146 	struct folio *(*get_folio)(struct iomap_iter *iter, loff_t pos,
147 			unsigned len);
148 	void (*put_folio)(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, unsigned copied,
149 			struct folio *folio);
150 
151 	/*
152 	 * Check that the cached iomap still maps correctly to the filesystem's
153 	 * internal extent map. FS internal extent maps can change while iomap
154 	 * is iterating a cached iomap, so this hook allows iomap to detect that
155 	 * the iomap needs to be refreshed during a long running write
156 	 * operation.
157 	 *
158 	 * The filesystem can store internal state (e.g. a sequence number) in
159 	 * iomap->validity_cookie when the iomap is first mapped to be able to
160 	 * detect changes between mapping time and whenever .iomap_valid() is
161 	 * called.
162 	 *
163 	 * This is called with the folio over the specified file position held
164 	 * locked by the iomap code.
165 	 */
166 	bool (*iomap_valid)(struct inode *inode, const struct iomap *iomap);
167 };
168 
169 /*
170  * Flags for iomap_begin / iomap_end.  No flag implies a read.
171  */
172 #define IOMAP_WRITE		(1 << 0) /* writing, must allocate blocks */
173 #define IOMAP_ZERO		(1 << 1) /* zeroing operation, may skip holes */
174 #define IOMAP_REPORT		(1 << 2) /* report extent status, e.g. FIEMAP */
175 #define IOMAP_FAULT		(1 << 3) /* mapping for page fault */
176 #define IOMAP_DIRECT		(1 << 4) /* direct I/O */
177 #define IOMAP_NOWAIT		(1 << 5) /* do not block */
178 #define IOMAP_OVERWRITE_ONLY	(1 << 6) /* only pure overwrites allowed */
179 #define IOMAP_UNSHARE		(1 << 7) /* unshare_file_range */
180 #ifdef CONFIG_FS_DAX
181 #define IOMAP_DAX		(1 << 8) /* DAX mapping */
182 #else
183 #define IOMAP_DAX		0
184 #endif /* CONFIG_FS_DAX */
185 #define IOMAP_ATOMIC		(1 << 9)
186 
187 struct iomap_ops {
188 	/*
189 	 * Return the existing mapping at pos, or reserve space starting at
190 	 * pos for up to length, as long as we can do it as a single mapping.
191 	 * The actual length is returned in iomap->length.
192 	 */
193 	int (*iomap_begin)(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t length,
194 			unsigned flags, struct iomap *iomap,
195 			struct iomap *srcmap);
196 
197 	/*
198 	 * Commit and/or unreserve space previous allocated using iomap_begin.
199 	 * Written indicates the length of the successful write operation which
200 	 * needs to be commited, while the rest needs to be unreserved.
201 	 * Written might be zero if no data was written.
202 	 */
203 	int (*iomap_end)(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t length,
204 			ssize_t written, unsigned flags, struct iomap *iomap);
205 };
206 
207 /**
208  * struct iomap_iter - Iterate through a range of a file
209  * @inode: Set at the start of the iteration and should not change.
210  * @pos: The current file position we are operating on.  It is updated by
211  *	calls to iomap_iter().  Treat as read-only in the body.
212  * @len: The remaining length of the file segment we're operating on.
213  *	It is updated at the same time as @pos.
214  * @processed: The number of bytes processed by the body in the most recent
215  *	iteration, or a negative errno. 0 causes the iteration to stop.
216  * @flags: Zero or more of the iomap_begin flags above.
217  * @iomap: Map describing the I/O iteration
218  * @srcmap: Source map for COW operations
219  */
220 struct iomap_iter {
221 	struct inode *inode;
222 	loff_t pos;
223 	u64 len;
224 	s64 processed;
225 	unsigned flags;
226 	struct iomap iomap;
227 	struct iomap srcmap;
228 	void *private;
229 };
230 
231 int iomap_iter(struct iomap_iter *iter, const struct iomap_ops *ops);
232 
233 /**
234  * iomap_length - length of the current iomap iteration
235  * @iter: iteration structure
236  *
237  * Returns the length that the operation applies to for the current iteration.
238  */
iomap_length(const struct iomap_iter * iter)239 static inline u64 iomap_length(const struct iomap_iter *iter)
240 {
241 	u64 end = iter->iomap.offset + iter->iomap.length;
242 
243 	if (iter->srcmap.type != IOMAP_HOLE)
244 		end = min(end, iter->srcmap.offset + iter->srcmap.length);
245 	return min(iter->len, end - iter->pos);
246 }
247 
248 /**
249  * iomap_iter_srcmap - return the source map for the current iomap iteration
250  * @i: iteration structure
251  *
252  * Write operations on file systems with reflink support might require a
253  * source and a destination map.  This function retourns the source map
254  * for a given operation, which may or may no be identical to the destination
255  * map in &i->iomap.
256  */
iomap_iter_srcmap(const struct iomap_iter * i)257 static inline const struct iomap *iomap_iter_srcmap(const struct iomap_iter *i)
258 {
259 	if (i->srcmap.type != IOMAP_HOLE)
260 		return &i->srcmap;
261 	return &i->iomap;
262 }
263 
264 /*
265  * Return the file offset for the first unchanged block after a short write.
266  *
267  * If nothing was written, round @pos down to point at the first block in
268  * the range, else round up to include the partially written block.
269  */
iomap_last_written_block(struct inode * inode,loff_t pos,ssize_t written)270 static inline loff_t iomap_last_written_block(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos,
271 		ssize_t written)
272 {
273 	if (unlikely(!written))
274 		return round_down(pos, i_blocksize(inode));
275 	return round_up(pos + written, i_blocksize(inode));
276 }
277 
278 /*
279  * Check if the range needs to be unshared for a FALLOC_FL_UNSHARE_RANGE
280  * operation.
281  *
282  * Don't bother with blocks that are not shared to start with; or mappings that
283  * cannot be shared, such as inline data, delalloc reservations, holes or
284  * unwritten extents.
285  *
286  * Note that we use srcmap directly instead of iomap_iter_srcmap as unsharing
287  * requires providing a separate source map, and the presence of one is a good
288  * indicator that unsharing is needed, unlike IOMAP_F_SHARED which can be set
289  * for any data that goes into the COW fork for XFS.
290  */
iomap_want_unshare_iter(const struct iomap_iter * iter)291 static inline bool iomap_want_unshare_iter(const struct iomap_iter *iter)
292 {
293 	return (iter->iomap.flags & IOMAP_F_SHARED) &&
294 		iter->srcmap.type == IOMAP_MAPPED;
295 }
296 
297 ssize_t iomap_file_buffered_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from,
298 		const struct iomap_ops *ops, void *private);
299 int iomap_read_folio(struct folio *folio, const struct iomap_ops *ops);
300 void iomap_readahead(struct readahead_control *, const struct iomap_ops *ops);
301 bool iomap_is_partially_uptodate(struct folio *, size_t from, size_t count);
302 struct folio *iomap_get_folio(struct iomap_iter *iter, loff_t pos, size_t len);
303 bool iomap_release_folio(struct folio *folio, gfp_t gfp_flags);
304 void iomap_invalidate_folio(struct folio *folio, size_t offset, size_t len);
305 bool iomap_dirty_folio(struct address_space *mapping, struct folio *folio);
306 int iomap_file_unshare(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t len,
307 		const struct iomap_ops *ops);
308 int iomap_zero_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t len,
309 		bool *did_zero, const struct iomap_ops *ops);
310 int iomap_truncate_page(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, bool *did_zero,
311 		const struct iomap_ops *ops);
312 vm_fault_t iomap_page_mkwrite(struct vm_fault *vmf,
313 			const struct iomap_ops *ops);
314 
315 typedef void (*iomap_punch_t)(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t length,
316 		struct iomap *iomap);
317 void iomap_write_delalloc_release(struct inode *inode, loff_t start_byte,
318 		loff_t end_byte, unsigned flags, struct iomap *iomap,
319 		iomap_punch_t punch);
320 
321 int iomap_fiemap(struct inode *inode, struct fiemap_extent_info *fieinfo,
322 		u64 start, u64 len, const struct iomap_ops *ops);
323 loff_t iomap_seek_hole(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset,
324 		const struct iomap_ops *ops);
325 loff_t iomap_seek_data(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset,
326 		const struct iomap_ops *ops);
327 sector_t iomap_bmap(struct address_space *mapping, sector_t bno,
328 		const struct iomap_ops *ops);
329 
330 /*
331  * Structure for writeback I/O completions.
332  */
333 struct iomap_ioend {
334 	struct list_head	io_list;	/* next ioend in chain */
335 	u16			io_type;
336 	u16			io_flags;	/* IOMAP_F_* */
337 	struct inode		*io_inode;	/* file being written to */
338 	size_t			io_size;	/* size of the extent */
339 	loff_t			io_offset;	/* offset in the file */
340 	sector_t		io_sector;	/* start sector of ioend */
341 	struct bio		io_bio;		/* MUST BE LAST! */
342 };
343 
iomap_ioend_from_bio(struct bio * bio)344 static inline struct iomap_ioend *iomap_ioend_from_bio(struct bio *bio)
345 {
346 	return container_of(bio, struct iomap_ioend, io_bio);
347 }
348 
349 struct iomap_writeback_ops {
350 	/*
351 	 * Required, maps the blocks so that writeback can be performed on
352 	 * the range starting at offset.
353 	 *
354 	 * Can return arbitrarily large regions, but we need to call into it at
355 	 * least once per folio to allow the file systems to synchronize with
356 	 * the write path that could be invalidating mappings.
357 	 *
358 	 * An existing mapping from a previous call to this method can be reused
359 	 * by the file system if it is still valid.
360 	 */
361 	int (*map_blocks)(struct iomap_writepage_ctx *wpc, struct inode *inode,
362 			  loff_t offset, unsigned len);
363 
364 	/*
365 	 * Optional, allows the file systems to perform actions just before
366 	 * submitting the bio and/or override the bio end_io handler for complex
367 	 * operations like copy on write extent manipulation or unwritten extent
368 	 * conversions.
369 	 */
370 	int (*prepare_ioend)(struct iomap_ioend *ioend, int status);
371 
372 	/*
373 	 * Optional, allows the file system to discard state on a page where
374 	 * we failed to submit any I/O.
375 	 */
376 	void (*discard_folio)(struct folio *folio, loff_t pos);
377 };
378 
379 struct iomap_writepage_ctx {
380 	struct iomap		iomap;
381 	struct iomap_ioend	*ioend;
382 	const struct iomap_writeback_ops *ops;
383 	u32			nr_folios;	/* folios added to the ioend */
384 };
385 
386 void iomap_finish_ioends(struct iomap_ioend *ioend, int error);
387 void iomap_ioend_try_merge(struct iomap_ioend *ioend,
388 		struct list_head *more_ioends);
389 void iomap_sort_ioends(struct list_head *ioend_list);
390 int iomap_writepages(struct address_space *mapping,
391 		struct writeback_control *wbc, struct iomap_writepage_ctx *wpc,
392 		const struct iomap_writeback_ops *ops);
393 
394 /*
395  * Flags for direct I/O ->end_io:
396  */
397 #define IOMAP_DIO_UNWRITTEN	(1 << 0)	/* covers unwritten extent(s) */
398 #define IOMAP_DIO_COW		(1 << 1)	/* covers COW extent(s) */
399 
400 struct iomap_dio_ops {
401 	int (*end_io)(struct kiocb *iocb, ssize_t size, int error,
402 		      unsigned flags);
403 	void (*submit_io)(const struct iomap_iter *iter, struct bio *bio,
404 		          loff_t file_offset);
405 
406 	/*
407 	 * Filesystems wishing to attach private information to a direct io bio
408 	 * must provide a ->submit_io method that attaches the additional
409 	 * information to the bio and changes the ->bi_end_io callback to a
410 	 * custom function.  This function should, at a minimum, perform any
411 	 * relevant post-processing of the bio and end with a call to
412 	 * iomap_dio_bio_end_io.
413 	 */
414 	struct bio_set *bio_set;
415 };
416 
417 /*
418  * Wait for the I/O to complete in iomap_dio_rw even if the kiocb is not
419  * synchronous.
420  */
421 #define IOMAP_DIO_FORCE_WAIT	(1 << 0)
422 
423 /*
424  * Do not allocate blocks or zero partial blocks, but instead fall back to
425  * the caller by returning -EAGAIN.  Used to optimize direct I/O writes that
426  * are not aligned to the file system block size.
427   */
428 #define IOMAP_DIO_OVERWRITE_ONLY	(1 << 1)
429 
430 /*
431  * When a page fault occurs, return a partial synchronous result and allow
432  * the caller to retry the rest of the operation after dealing with the page
433  * fault.
434  */
435 #define IOMAP_DIO_PARTIAL		(1 << 2)
436 
437 ssize_t iomap_dio_rw(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
438 		const struct iomap_ops *ops, const struct iomap_dio_ops *dops,
439 		unsigned int dio_flags, void *private, size_t done_before);
440 struct iomap_dio *__iomap_dio_rw(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
441 		const struct iomap_ops *ops, const struct iomap_dio_ops *dops,
442 		unsigned int dio_flags, void *private, size_t done_before);
443 ssize_t iomap_dio_complete(struct iomap_dio *dio);
444 void iomap_dio_bio_end_io(struct bio *bio);
445 
446 #ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
447 struct file;
448 struct swap_info_struct;
449 
450 int iomap_swapfile_activate(struct swap_info_struct *sis,
451 		struct file *swap_file, sector_t *pagespan,
452 		const struct iomap_ops *ops);
453 #else
454 # define iomap_swapfile_activate(sis, swapfile, pagespan, ops)	(-EIO)
455 #endif /* CONFIG_SWAP */
456 
457 #endif /* LINUX_IOMAP_H */
458