xref: /linux/tools/bpf/bpftool/prog.c (revision d9104cec3e8fe4b458b74709853231385779001f)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
2 /* Copyright (C) 2017-2018 Netronome Systems, Inc. */
3 
4 #ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
5 #define _GNU_SOURCE
6 #endif
7 #include <errno.h>
8 #include <fcntl.h>
9 #include <signal.h>
10 #include <stdarg.h>
11 #include <stdio.h>
12 #include <stdlib.h>
13 #include <string.h>
14 #include <time.h>
15 #include <unistd.h>
16 #include <net/if.h>
17 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
18 #include <sys/types.h>
19 #include <sys/stat.h>
20 #include <sys/syscall.h>
21 #include <dirent.h>
22 
23 #include <linux/err.h>
24 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
25 #include <linux/sizes.h>
26 
27 #include <bpf/bpf.h>
28 #include <bpf/btf.h>
29 #include <bpf/hashmap.h>
30 #include <bpf/libbpf.h>
31 #include <bpf/libbpf_internal.h>
32 #include <bpf/skel_internal.h>
33 
34 #include "cfg.h"
35 #include "main.h"
36 #include "xlated_dumper.h"
37 
38 #define BPF_METADATA_PREFIX "bpf_metadata_"
39 #define BPF_METADATA_PREFIX_LEN (sizeof(BPF_METADATA_PREFIX) - 1)
40 
41 enum dump_mode {
42 	DUMP_JITED,
43 	DUMP_XLATED,
44 };
45 
46 static const bool attach_types[] = {
47 	[BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_PARSER] = true,
48 	[BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_VERDICT] = true,
49 	[BPF_SK_SKB_VERDICT] = true,
50 	[BPF_SK_MSG_VERDICT] = true,
51 	[BPF_FLOW_DISSECTOR] = true,
52 	[__MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE] = false,
53 };
54 
55 /* Textual representations traditionally used by the program and kept around
56  * for the sake of backwards compatibility.
57  */
58 static const char * const attach_type_strings[] = {
59 	[BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_PARSER] = "stream_parser",
60 	[BPF_SK_SKB_STREAM_VERDICT] = "stream_verdict",
61 	[BPF_SK_SKB_VERDICT] = "skb_verdict",
62 	[BPF_SK_MSG_VERDICT] = "msg_verdict",
63 	[__MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE] = NULL,
64 };
65 
66 static struct hashmap *prog_table;
67 
parse_attach_type(const char * str)68 static enum bpf_attach_type parse_attach_type(const char *str)
69 {
70 	enum bpf_attach_type type;
71 
72 	for (type = 0; type < __MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE; type++) {
73 		if (attach_types[type]) {
74 			const char *attach_type_str;
75 
76 			attach_type_str = libbpf_bpf_attach_type_str(type);
77 			if (!strcmp(str, attach_type_str))
78 				return type;
79 		}
80 
81 		if (attach_type_strings[type] &&
82 		    is_prefix(str, attach_type_strings[type]))
83 			return type;
84 	}
85 
86 	return __MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE;
87 }
88 
prep_prog_info(struct bpf_prog_info * const info,enum dump_mode mode,void ** info_data,size_t * const info_data_sz)89 static int prep_prog_info(struct bpf_prog_info *const info, enum dump_mode mode,
90 			  void **info_data, size_t *const info_data_sz)
91 {
92 	struct bpf_prog_info holder = {};
93 	size_t needed = 0;
94 	void *ptr;
95 
96 	if (mode == DUMP_JITED) {
97 		holder.jited_prog_len = info->jited_prog_len;
98 		needed += info->jited_prog_len;
99 	} else {
100 		holder.xlated_prog_len = info->xlated_prog_len;
101 		needed += info->xlated_prog_len;
102 	}
103 
104 	holder.nr_jited_ksyms = info->nr_jited_ksyms;
105 	needed += info->nr_jited_ksyms * sizeof(__u64);
106 
107 	holder.nr_jited_func_lens = info->nr_jited_func_lens;
108 	needed += info->nr_jited_func_lens * sizeof(__u32);
109 
110 	holder.nr_func_info = info->nr_func_info;
111 	holder.func_info_rec_size = info->func_info_rec_size;
112 	needed += info->nr_func_info * info->func_info_rec_size;
113 
114 	holder.nr_line_info = info->nr_line_info;
115 	holder.line_info_rec_size = info->line_info_rec_size;
116 	needed += info->nr_line_info * info->line_info_rec_size;
117 
118 	holder.nr_jited_line_info = info->nr_jited_line_info;
119 	holder.jited_line_info_rec_size = info->jited_line_info_rec_size;
120 	needed += info->nr_jited_line_info * info->jited_line_info_rec_size;
121 
122 	if (needed > *info_data_sz) {
123 		ptr = realloc(*info_data, needed);
124 		if (!ptr)
125 			return -1;
126 
127 		*info_data = ptr;
128 		*info_data_sz = needed;
129 	}
130 	ptr = *info_data;
131 
132 	if (mode == DUMP_JITED) {
133 		holder.jited_prog_insns = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
134 		ptr += holder.jited_prog_len;
135 	} else {
136 		holder.xlated_prog_insns = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
137 		ptr += holder.xlated_prog_len;
138 	}
139 
140 	holder.jited_ksyms = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
141 	ptr += holder.nr_jited_ksyms * sizeof(__u64);
142 
143 	holder.jited_func_lens = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
144 	ptr += holder.nr_jited_func_lens * sizeof(__u32);
145 
146 	holder.func_info = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
147 	ptr += holder.nr_func_info * holder.func_info_rec_size;
148 
149 	holder.line_info = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
150 	ptr += holder.nr_line_info * holder.line_info_rec_size;
151 
152 	holder.jited_line_info = ptr_to_u64(ptr);
153 	ptr += holder.nr_jited_line_info * holder.jited_line_info_rec_size;
154 
155 	*info = holder;
156 	return 0;
157 }
158 
print_boot_time(__u64 nsecs,char * buf,unsigned int size)159 static void print_boot_time(__u64 nsecs, char *buf, unsigned int size)
160 {
161 	struct timespec real_time_ts, boot_time_ts;
162 	time_t wallclock_secs;
163 	struct tm load_tm;
164 
165 	buf[--size] = '\0';
166 
167 	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &real_time_ts) ||
168 	    clock_gettime(CLOCK_BOOTTIME, &boot_time_ts)) {
169 		perror("Can't read clocks");
170 		snprintf(buf, size, "%llu", nsecs / 1000000000);
171 		return;
172 	}
173 
174 	wallclock_secs = (real_time_ts.tv_sec - boot_time_ts.tv_sec) +
175 		(real_time_ts.tv_nsec - boot_time_ts.tv_nsec + nsecs) /
176 		1000000000;
177 
178 
179 	if (!localtime_r(&wallclock_secs, &load_tm)) {
180 		snprintf(buf, size, "%llu", nsecs / 1000000000);
181 		return;
182 	}
183 
184 	if (json_output)
185 		strftime(buf, size, "%s", &load_tm);
186 	else
187 		strftime(buf, size, "%FT%T%z", &load_tm);
188 }
189 
show_prog_maps(int fd,__u32 num_maps)190 static void show_prog_maps(int fd, __u32 num_maps)
191 {
192 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
193 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
194 	__u32 map_ids[num_maps];
195 	unsigned int i;
196 	int err;
197 
198 	info.nr_map_ids = num_maps;
199 	info.map_ids = ptr_to_u64(map_ids);
200 
201 	err = bpf_prog_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
202 	if (err || !info.nr_map_ids)
203 		return;
204 
205 	if (json_output) {
206 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "map_ids");
207 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
208 		for (i = 0; i < info.nr_map_ids; i++)
209 			jsonw_uint(json_wtr, map_ids[i]);
210 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
211 	} else {
212 		printf("  map_ids ");
213 		for (i = 0; i < info.nr_map_ids; i++)
214 			printf("%u%s", map_ids[i],
215 			       i == info.nr_map_ids - 1 ? "" : ",");
216 	}
217 }
218 
find_metadata(int prog_fd,struct bpf_map_info * map_info)219 static void *find_metadata(int prog_fd, struct bpf_map_info *map_info)
220 {
221 	struct bpf_prog_info prog_info;
222 	__u32 prog_info_len;
223 	__u32 map_info_len;
224 	void *value = NULL;
225 	__u32 *map_ids;
226 	int nr_maps;
227 	int key = 0;
228 	int map_fd;
229 	int ret;
230 	__u32 i;
231 
232 	memset(&prog_info, 0, sizeof(prog_info));
233 	prog_info_len = sizeof(prog_info);
234 	ret = bpf_prog_get_info_by_fd(prog_fd, &prog_info, &prog_info_len);
235 	if (ret)
236 		return NULL;
237 
238 	if (!prog_info.nr_map_ids)
239 		return NULL;
240 
241 	map_ids = calloc(prog_info.nr_map_ids, sizeof(__u32));
242 	if (!map_ids)
243 		return NULL;
244 
245 	nr_maps = prog_info.nr_map_ids;
246 	memset(&prog_info, 0, sizeof(prog_info));
247 	prog_info.nr_map_ids = nr_maps;
248 	prog_info.map_ids = ptr_to_u64(map_ids);
249 	prog_info_len = sizeof(prog_info);
250 
251 	ret = bpf_prog_get_info_by_fd(prog_fd, &prog_info, &prog_info_len);
252 	if (ret)
253 		goto free_map_ids;
254 
255 	for (i = 0; i < prog_info.nr_map_ids; i++) {
256 		map_fd = bpf_map_get_fd_by_id(map_ids[i]);
257 		if (map_fd < 0)
258 			goto free_map_ids;
259 
260 		memset(map_info, 0, sizeof(*map_info));
261 		map_info_len = sizeof(*map_info);
262 		ret = bpf_map_get_info_by_fd(map_fd, map_info, &map_info_len);
263 		if (ret < 0) {
264 			close(map_fd);
265 			goto free_map_ids;
266 		}
267 
268 		if (map_info->type != BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY ||
269 		    map_info->key_size != sizeof(int) ||
270 		    map_info->max_entries != 1 ||
271 		    !map_info->btf_value_type_id ||
272 		    !strstr(map_info->name, ".rodata")) {
273 			close(map_fd);
274 			continue;
275 		}
276 
277 		value = malloc(map_info->value_size);
278 		if (!value) {
279 			close(map_fd);
280 			goto free_map_ids;
281 		}
282 
283 		if (bpf_map_lookup_elem(map_fd, &key, value)) {
284 			close(map_fd);
285 			free(value);
286 			value = NULL;
287 			goto free_map_ids;
288 		}
289 
290 		close(map_fd);
291 		break;
292 	}
293 
294 free_map_ids:
295 	free(map_ids);
296 	return value;
297 }
298 
has_metadata_prefix(const char * s)299 static bool has_metadata_prefix(const char *s)
300 {
301 	return strncmp(s, BPF_METADATA_PREFIX, BPF_METADATA_PREFIX_LEN) == 0;
302 }
303 
show_prog_metadata(int fd,__u32 num_maps)304 static void show_prog_metadata(int fd, __u32 num_maps)
305 {
306 	const struct btf_type *t_datasec, *t_var;
307 	struct bpf_map_info map_info;
308 	struct btf_var_secinfo *vsi;
309 	bool printed_header = false;
310 	unsigned int i, vlen;
311 	void *value = NULL;
312 	const char *name;
313 	struct btf *btf;
314 	int err;
315 
316 	if (!num_maps)
317 		return;
318 
319 	memset(&map_info, 0, sizeof(map_info));
320 	value = find_metadata(fd, &map_info);
321 	if (!value)
322 		return;
323 
324 	btf = btf__load_from_kernel_by_id(map_info.btf_id);
325 	if (!btf)
326 		goto out_free;
327 
328 	t_datasec = btf__type_by_id(btf, map_info.btf_value_type_id);
329 	if (!btf_is_datasec(t_datasec))
330 		goto out_free;
331 
332 	vlen = btf_vlen(t_datasec);
333 	vsi = btf_var_secinfos(t_datasec);
334 
335 	/* We don't proceed to check the kinds of the elements of the DATASEC.
336 	 * The verifier enforces them to be BTF_KIND_VAR.
337 	 */
338 
339 	if (json_output) {
340 		struct btf_dumper d = {
341 			.btf = btf,
342 			.jw = json_wtr,
343 			.is_plain_text = false,
344 		};
345 
346 		for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, vsi++) {
347 			t_var = btf__type_by_id(btf, vsi->type);
348 			name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t_var->name_off);
349 
350 			if (!has_metadata_prefix(name))
351 				continue;
352 
353 			if (!printed_header) {
354 				jsonw_name(json_wtr, "metadata");
355 				jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
356 				printed_header = true;
357 			}
358 
359 			jsonw_name(json_wtr, name + BPF_METADATA_PREFIX_LEN);
360 			err = btf_dumper_type(&d, t_var->type, value + vsi->offset);
361 			if (err) {
362 				p_err("btf dump failed: %d", err);
363 				break;
364 			}
365 		}
366 		if (printed_header)
367 			jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
368 	} else {
369 		json_writer_t *btf_wtr;
370 		struct btf_dumper d = {
371 			.btf = btf,
372 			.is_plain_text = true,
373 		};
374 
375 		for (i = 0; i < vlen; i++, vsi++) {
376 			t_var = btf__type_by_id(btf, vsi->type);
377 			name = btf__name_by_offset(btf, t_var->name_off);
378 
379 			if (!has_metadata_prefix(name))
380 				continue;
381 
382 			if (!printed_header) {
383 				printf("\tmetadata:");
384 
385 				btf_wtr = jsonw_new(stdout);
386 				if (!btf_wtr) {
387 					p_err("jsonw alloc failed");
388 					goto out_free;
389 				}
390 				d.jw = btf_wtr,
391 
392 				printed_header = true;
393 			}
394 
395 			printf("\n\t\t%s = ", name + BPF_METADATA_PREFIX_LEN);
396 
397 			jsonw_reset(btf_wtr);
398 			err = btf_dumper_type(&d, t_var->type, value + vsi->offset);
399 			if (err) {
400 				p_err("btf dump failed: %d", err);
401 				break;
402 			}
403 		}
404 		if (printed_header)
405 			jsonw_destroy(&btf_wtr);
406 	}
407 
408 out_free:
409 	btf__free(btf);
410 	free(value);
411 }
412 
print_prog_header_json(struct bpf_prog_info * info,int fd)413 static void print_prog_header_json(struct bpf_prog_info *info, int fd)
414 {
415 	const char *prog_type_str;
416 	char prog_name[MAX_PROG_FULL_NAME];
417 
418 	jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "id", info->id);
419 	prog_type_str = libbpf_bpf_prog_type_str(info->type);
420 
421 	if (prog_type_str)
422 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "type", prog_type_str);
423 	else
424 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "type", info->type);
425 
426 	if (*info->name) {
427 		get_prog_full_name(info, fd, prog_name, sizeof(prog_name));
428 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "name", prog_name);
429 	}
430 
431 	jsonw_name(json_wtr, "tag");
432 	jsonw_printf(json_wtr, "\"" BPF_TAG_FMT "\"",
433 		     info->tag[0], info->tag[1], info->tag[2], info->tag[3],
434 		     info->tag[4], info->tag[5], info->tag[6], info->tag[7]);
435 
436 	jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "gpl_compatible", info->gpl_compatible);
437 	if (info->run_time_ns) {
438 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "run_time_ns", info->run_time_ns);
439 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "run_cnt", info->run_cnt);
440 	}
441 	if (info->recursion_misses)
442 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "recursion_misses", info->recursion_misses);
443 }
444 
print_prog_json(struct bpf_prog_info * info,int fd,bool orphaned)445 static void print_prog_json(struct bpf_prog_info *info, int fd, bool orphaned)
446 {
447 	char *memlock;
448 
449 	jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
450 	print_prog_header_json(info, fd);
451 	print_dev_json(info->ifindex, info->netns_dev, info->netns_ino);
452 
453 	if (info->load_time) {
454 		char buf[32];
455 
456 		print_boot_time(info->load_time, buf, sizeof(buf));
457 
458 		/* Piggy back on load_time, since 0 uid is a valid one */
459 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "loaded_at");
460 		jsonw_printf(json_wtr, "%s", buf);
461 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "uid", info->created_by_uid);
462 	}
463 
464 	jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "orphaned", orphaned);
465 	jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "bytes_xlated", info->xlated_prog_len);
466 
467 	if (info->jited_prog_len) {
468 		jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "jited", true);
469 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "bytes_jited", info->jited_prog_len);
470 	} else {
471 		jsonw_bool_field(json_wtr, "jited", false);
472 	}
473 
474 	memlock = get_fdinfo(fd, "memlock");
475 	if (memlock)
476 		jsonw_int_field(json_wtr, "bytes_memlock", atoll(memlock));
477 	free(memlock);
478 
479 	if (info->nr_map_ids)
480 		show_prog_maps(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
481 
482 	if (info->btf_id)
483 		jsonw_int_field(json_wtr, "btf_id", info->btf_id);
484 
485 	if (!hashmap__empty(prog_table)) {
486 		struct hashmap_entry *entry;
487 
488 		jsonw_name(json_wtr, "pinned");
489 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
490 		hashmap__for_each_key_entry(prog_table, entry, info->id)
491 			jsonw_string(json_wtr, entry->pvalue);
492 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
493 	}
494 
495 	emit_obj_refs_json(refs_table, info->id, json_wtr);
496 
497 	show_prog_metadata(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
498 
499 	jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
500 }
501 
print_prog_header_plain(struct bpf_prog_info * info,int fd)502 static void print_prog_header_plain(struct bpf_prog_info *info, int fd)
503 {
504 	const char *prog_type_str;
505 	char prog_name[MAX_PROG_FULL_NAME];
506 
507 	printf("%u: ", info->id);
508 	prog_type_str = libbpf_bpf_prog_type_str(info->type);
509 	if (prog_type_str)
510 		printf("%s  ", prog_type_str);
511 	else
512 		printf("type %u  ", info->type);
513 
514 	if (*info->name) {
515 		get_prog_full_name(info, fd, prog_name, sizeof(prog_name));
516 		printf("name %s  ", prog_name);
517 	}
518 
519 	printf("tag ");
520 	fprint_hex(stdout, info->tag, BPF_TAG_SIZE, "");
521 	print_dev_plain(info->ifindex, info->netns_dev, info->netns_ino);
522 	printf("%s", info->gpl_compatible ? "  gpl" : "");
523 	if (info->run_time_ns)
524 		printf(" run_time_ns %llu run_cnt %llu",
525 		       info->run_time_ns, info->run_cnt);
526 	if (info->recursion_misses)
527 		printf(" recursion_misses %llu", info->recursion_misses);
528 	printf("\n");
529 }
530 
print_prog_plain(struct bpf_prog_info * info,int fd,bool orphaned)531 static void print_prog_plain(struct bpf_prog_info *info, int fd, bool orphaned)
532 {
533 	char *memlock;
534 
535 	print_prog_header_plain(info, fd);
536 
537 	if (info->load_time) {
538 		char buf[32];
539 
540 		print_boot_time(info->load_time, buf, sizeof(buf));
541 
542 		/* Piggy back on load_time, since 0 uid is a valid one */
543 		printf("\tloaded_at %s  uid %u\n", buf, info->created_by_uid);
544 	}
545 
546 	printf("\txlated %uB", info->xlated_prog_len);
547 
548 	if (info->jited_prog_len)
549 		printf("  jited %uB", info->jited_prog_len);
550 	else
551 		printf("  not jited");
552 
553 	memlock = get_fdinfo(fd, "memlock");
554 	if (memlock)
555 		printf("  memlock %sB", memlock);
556 	free(memlock);
557 
558 	if (orphaned)
559 		printf("  orphaned");
560 
561 	if (info->nr_map_ids)
562 		show_prog_maps(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
563 
564 	if (!hashmap__empty(prog_table)) {
565 		struct hashmap_entry *entry;
566 
567 		hashmap__for_each_key_entry(prog_table, entry, info->id)
568 			printf("\n\tpinned %s", (char *)entry->pvalue);
569 	}
570 
571 	if (info->btf_id)
572 		printf("\n\tbtf_id %u", info->btf_id);
573 
574 	emit_obj_refs_plain(refs_table, info->id, "\n\tpids ");
575 
576 	printf("\n");
577 
578 	show_prog_metadata(fd, info->nr_map_ids);
579 }
580 
show_prog(int fd)581 static int show_prog(int fd)
582 {
583 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
584 	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
585 	int err;
586 
587 	err = bpf_prog_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
588 	if (err && err != -ENODEV) {
589 		p_err("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
590 		return -1;
591 	}
592 
593 	if (json_output)
594 		print_prog_json(&info, fd, err == -ENODEV);
595 	else
596 		print_prog_plain(&info, fd, err == -ENODEV);
597 
598 	return 0;
599 }
600 
do_show_subset(int argc,char ** argv)601 static int do_show_subset(int argc, char **argv)
602 {
603 	int *fds = NULL;
604 	int nb_fds, i;
605 	int err = -1;
606 
607 	fds = malloc(sizeof(int));
608 	if (!fds) {
609 		p_err("mem alloc failed");
610 		return -1;
611 	}
612 	nb_fds = prog_parse_fds(&argc, &argv, &fds);
613 	if (nb_fds < 1)
614 		goto exit_free;
615 
616 	if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
617 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);	/* root array */
618 	for (i = 0; i < nb_fds; i++) {
619 		err = show_prog(fds[i]);
620 		if (err) {
621 			for (; i < nb_fds; i++)
622 				close(fds[i]);
623 			break;
624 		}
625 		close(fds[i]);
626 	}
627 	if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
628 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);	/* root array */
629 
630 exit_free:
631 	free(fds);
632 	return err;
633 }
634 
do_show(int argc,char ** argv)635 static int do_show(int argc, char **argv)
636 {
637 	__u32 id = 0;
638 	int err;
639 	int fd;
640 
641 	if (show_pinned) {
642 		prog_table = hashmap__new(hash_fn_for_key_as_id,
643 					  equal_fn_for_key_as_id, NULL);
644 		if (IS_ERR(prog_table)) {
645 			p_err("failed to create hashmap for pinned paths");
646 			return -1;
647 		}
648 		build_pinned_obj_table(prog_table, BPF_OBJ_PROG);
649 	}
650 	build_obj_refs_table(&refs_table, BPF_OBJ_PROG);
651 
652 	if (argc == 2)
653 		return do_show_subset(argc, argv);
654 
655 	if (argc)
656 		return BAD_ARG();
657 
658 	if (json_output)
659 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
660 	while (true) {
661 		err = bpf_prog_get_next_id(id, &id);
662 		if (err) {
663 			if (errno == ENOENT) {
664 				err = 0;
665 				break;
666 			}
667 			p_err("can't get next program: %s%s", strerror(errno),
668 			      errno == EINVAL ? " -- kernel too old?" : "");
669 			err = -1;
670 			break;
671 		}
672 
673 		fd = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(id);
674 		if (fd < 0) {
675 			if (errno == ENOENT)
676 				continue;
677 			p_err("can't get prog by id (%u): %s",
678 			      id, strerror(errno));
679 			err = -1;
680 			break;
681 		}
682 
683 		err = show_prog(fd);
684 		close(fd);
685 		if (err)
686 			break;
687 	}
688 
689 	if (json_output)
690 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
691 
692 	delete_obj_refs_table(refs_table);
693 
694 	if (show_pinned)
695 		delete_pinned_obj_table(prog_table);
696 
697 	return err;
698 }
699 
700 static int
prog_dump(struct bpf_prog_info * info,enum dump_mode mode,char * filepath,bool opcodes,bool visual,bool linum)701 prog_dump(struct bpf_prog_info *info, enum dump_mode mode,
702 	  char *filepath, bool opcodes, bool visual, bool linum)
703 {
704 	struct bpf_prog_linfo *prog_linfo = NULL;
705 	const char *disasm_opt = NULL;
706 	struct dump_data dd = {};
707 	void *func_info = NULL;
708 	struct btf *btf = NULL;
709 	char func_sig[1024];
710 	unsigned char *buf;
711 	__u32 member_len;
712 	int fd, err = -1;
713 	ssize_t n;
714 
715 	if (mode == DUMP_JITED) {
716 		if (info->jited_prog_len == 0 || !info->jited_prog_insns) {
717 			p_info("no instructions returned");
718 			return -1;
719 		}
720 		buf = u64_to_ptr(info->jited_prog_insns);
721 		member_len = info->jited_prog_len;
722 	} else {	/* DUMP_XLATED */
723 		if (info->xlated_prog_len == 0 || !info->xlated_prog_insns) {
724 			p_err("error retrieving insn dump: kernel.kptr_restrict set?");
725 			return -1;
726 		}
727 		buf = u64_to_ptr(info->xlated_prog_insns);
728 		member_len = info->xlated_prog_len;
729 	}
730 
731 	if (info->btf_id) {
732 		btf = btf__load_from_kernel_by_id(info->btf_id);
733 		if (!btf) {
734 			p_err("failed to get btf");
735 			return -1;
736 		}
737 	}
738 
739 	func_info = u64_to_ptr(info->func_info);
740 
741 	if (info->nr_line_info) {
742 		prog_linfo = bpf_prog_linfo__new(info);
743 		if (!prog_linfo)
744 			p_info("error in processing bpf_line_info.  continue without it.");
745 	}
746 
747 	if (filepath) {
748 		fd = open(filepath, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0600);
749 		if (fd < 0) {
750 			p_err("can't open file %s: %s", filepath,
751 			      strerror(errno));
752 			goto exit_free;
753 		}
754 
755 		n = write(fd, buf, member_len);
756 		close(fd);
757 		if (n != (ssize_t)member_len) {
758 			p_err("error writing output file: %s",
759 			      n < 0 ? strerror(errno) : "short write");
760 			goto exit_free;
761 		}
762 
763 		if (json_output)
764 			jsonw_null(json_wtr);
765 	} else if (mode == DUMP_JITED) {
766 		const char *name = NULL;
767 
768 		if (info->ifindex) {
769 			name = ifindex_to_arch(info->ifindex, info->netns_dev,
770 					       info->netns_ino, &disasm_opt);
771 			if (!name)
772 				goto exit_free;
773 		}
774 
775 		if (info->nr_jited_func_lens && info->jited_func_lens) {
776 			struct kernel_sym *sym = NULL;
777 			struct bpf_func_info *record;
778 			char sym_name[SYM_MAX_NAME];
779 			unsigned char *img = buf;
780 			__u64 *ksyms = NULL;
781 			__u32 *lens;
782 			__u32 i;
783 			if (info->nr_jited_ksyms) {
784 				kernel_syms_load(&dd);
785 				ksyms = u64_to_ptr(info->jited_ksyms);
786 			}
787 
788 			if (json_output)
789 				jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
790 
791 			lens = u64_to_ptr(info->jited_func_lens);
792 			for (i = 0; i < info->nr_jited_func_lens; i++) {
793 				if (ksyms) {
794 					sym = kernel_syms_search(&dd, ksyms[i]);
795 					if (sym)
796 						sprintf(sym_name, "%s", sym->name);
797 					else
798 						sprintf(sym_name, "0x%016llx", ksyms[i]);
799 				} else {
800 					strcpy(sym_name, "unknown");
801 				}
802 
803 				if (func_info) {
804 					record = func_info + i * info->func_info_rec_size;
805 					btf_dumper_type_only(btf, record->type_id,
806 							     func_sig,
807 							     sizeof(func_sig));
808 				}
809 
810 				if (json_output) {
811 					jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
812 					if (func_info && func_sig[0] != '\0') {
813 						jsonw_name(json_wtr, "proto");
814 						jsonw_string(json_wtr, func_sig);
815 					}
816 					jsonw_name(json_wtr, "name");
817 					jsonw_string(json_wtr, sym_name);
818 					jsonw_name(json_wtr, "insns");
819 				} else {
820 					if (func_info && func_sig[0] != '\0')
821 						printf("%s:\n", func_sig);
822 					printf("%s:\n", sym_name);
823 				}
824 
825 				if (ksyms) {
826 					if (disasm_print_insn(img, lens[i], opcodes,
827 							      name, disasm_opt, btf,
828 							      prog_linfo, ksyms[i], i,
829 							      linum))
830 						goto exit_free;
831 				} else {
832 					if (disasm_print_insn(img, lens[i], opcodes,
833 							      name, disasm_opt, btf,
834 							      NULL, 0, 0, false))
835 						goto exit_free;
836 				}
837 
838 				img += lens[i];
839 
840 				if (json_output)
841 					jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
842 				else
843 					printf("\n");
844 			}
845 
846 			if (json_output)
847 				jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
848 		} else {
849 			if (disasm_print_insn(buf, member_len, opcodes, name,
850 					      disasm_opt, btf, NULL, 0, 0,
851 					      false))
852 				goto exit_free;
853 		}
854 	} else {
855 		kernel_syms_load(&dd);
856 		dd.nr_jited_ksyms = info->nr_jited_ksyms;
857 		dd.jited_ksyms = u64_to_ptr(info->jited_ksyms);
858 		dd.btf = btf;
859 		dd.func_info = func_info;
860 		dd.finfo_rec_size = info->func_info_rec_size;
861 		dd.prog_linfo = prog_linfo;
862 
863 		if (json_output)
864 			dump_xlated_json(&dd, buf, member_len, opcodes, linum);
865 		else if (visual)
866 			dump_xlated_cfg(&dd, buf, member_len, opcodes, linum);
867 		else
868 			dump_xlated_plain(&dd, buf, member_len, opcodes, linum);
869 		kernel_syms_destroy(&dd);
870 	}
871 
872 	err = 0;
873 
874 exit_free:
875 	btf__free(btf);
876 	bpf_prog_linfo__free(prog_linfo);
877 	return err;
878 }
879 
do_dump(int argc,char ** argv)880 static int do_dump(int argc, char **argv)
881 {
882 	struct bpf_prog_info info;
883 	__u32 info_len = sizeof(info);
884 	size_t info_data_sz = 0;
885 	void *info_data = NULL;
886 	char *filepath = NULL;
887 	bool opcodes = false;
888 	bool visual = false;
889 	enum dump_mode mode;
890 	bool linum = false;
891 	int nb_fds, i = 0;
892 	int *fds = NULL;
893 	int err = -1;
894 
895 	if (is_prefix(*argv, "jited")) {
896 		if (disasm_init())
897 			return -1;
898 		mode = DUMP_JITED;
899 	} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "xlated")) {
900 		mode = DUMP_XLATED;
901 	} else {
902 		p_err("expected 'xlated' or 'jited', got: %s", *argv);
903 		return -1;
904 	}
905 	NEXT_ARG();
906 
907 	if (argc < 2)
908 		usage();
909 
910 	fds = malloc(sizeof(int));
911 	if (!fds) {
912 		p_err("mem alloc failed");
913 		return -1;
914 	}
915 	nb_fds = prog_parse_fds(&argc, &argv, &fds);
916 	if (nb_fds < 1)
917 		goto exit_free;
918 
919 	while (argc) {
920 		if (is_prefix(*argv, "file")) {
921 			NEXT_ARG();
922 			if (!argc) {
923 				p_err("expected file path");
924 				goto exit_close;
925 			}
926 			if (nb_fds > 1) {
927 				p_err("several programs matched");
928 				goto exit_close;
929 			}
930 
931 			filepath = *argv;
932 			NEXT_ARG();
933 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "opcodes")) {
934 			opcodes = true;
935 			NEXT_ARG();
936 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "visual")) {
937 			if (nb_fds > 1) {
938 				p_err("several programs matched");
939 				goto exit_close;
940 			}
941 
942 			visual = true;
943 			NEXT_ARG();
944 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "linum")) {
945 			linum = true;
946 			NEXT_ARG();
947 		} else {
948 			usage();
949 			goto exit_close;
950 		}
951 	}
952 
953 	if (filepath && (opcodes || visual || linum)) {
954 		p_err("'file' is not compatible with 'opcodes', 'visual', or 'linum'");
955 		goto exit_close;
956 	}
957 	if (json_output && visual) {
958 		p_err("'visual' is not compatible with JSON output");
959 		goto exit_close;
960 	}
961 
962 	if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
963 		jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);	/* root array */
964 	for (i = 0; i < nb_fds; i++) {
965 		memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
966 
967 		err = bpf_prog_get_info_by_fd(fds[i], &info, &info_len);
968 		if (err) {
969 			p_err("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
970 			break;
971 		}
972 
973 		err = prep_prog_info(&info, mode, &info_data, &info_data_sz);
974 		if (err) {
975 			p_err("can't grow prog info_data");
976 			break;
977 		}
978 
979 		err = bpf_prog_get_info_by_fd(fds[i], &info, &info_len);
980 		if (err) {
981 			p_err("can't get prog info: %s", strerror(errno));
982 			break;
983 		}
984 
985 		if (json_output && nb_fds > 1) {
986 			jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);	/* prog object */
987 			print_prog_header_json(&info, fds[i]);
988 			jsonw_name(json_wtr, "insns");
989 		} else if (nb_fds > 1) {
990 			print_prog_header_plain(&info, fds[i]);
991 		}
992 
993 		err = prog_dump(&info, mode, filepath, opcodes, visual, linum);
994 
995 		if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
996 			jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);	/* prog object */
997 		else if (i != nb_fds - 1 && nb_fds > 1)
998 			printf("\n");
999 
1000 		if (err)
1001 			break;
1002 		close(fds[i]);
1003 	}
1004 	if (json_output && nb_fds > 1)
1005 		jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);	/* root array */
1006 
1007 exit_close:
1008 	for (; i < nb_fds; i++)
1009 		close(fds[i]);
1010 exit_free:
1011 	free(info_data);
1012 	free(fds);
1013 	return err;
1014 }
1015 
do_pin(int argc,char ** argv)1016 static int do_pin(int argc, char **argv)
1017 {
1018 	int err;
1019 
1020 	err = do_pin_any(argc, argv, prog_parse_fd);
1021 	if (!err && json_output)
1022 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1023 	return err;
1024 }
1025 
1026 struct map_replace {
1027 	int idx;
1028 	int fd;
1029 	char *name;
1030 };
1031 
map_replace_compar(const void * p1,const void * p2)1032 static int map_replace_compar(const void *p1, const void *p2)
1033 {
1034 	const struct map_replace *a = p1, *b = p2;
1035 
1036 	return a->idx - b->idx;
1037 }
1038 
parse_attach_detach_args(int argc,char ** argv,int * progfd,enum bpf_attach_type * attach_type,int * mapfd)1039 static int parse_attach_detach_args(int argc, char **argv, int *progfd,
1040 				    enum bpf_attach_type *attach_type,
1041 				    int *mapfd)
1042 {
1043 	if (!REQ_ARGS(3))
1044 		return -EINVAL;
1045 
1046 	*progfd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
1047 	if (*progfd < 0)
1048 		return *progfd;
1049 
1050 	*attach_type = parse_attach_type(*argv);
1051 	if (*attach_type == __MAX_BPF_ATTACH_TYPE) {
1052 		p_err("invalid attach/detach type");
1053 		return -EINVAL;
1054 	}
1055 
1056 	if (*attach_type == BPF_FLOW_DISSECTOR) {
1057 		*mapfd = 0;
1058 		return 0;
1059 	}
1060 
1061 	NEXT_ARG();
1062 	if (!REQ_ARGS(2))
1063 		return -EINVAL;
1064 
1065 	*mapfd = map_parse_fd(&argc, &argv, 0);
1066 	if (*mapfd < 0)
1067 		return *mapfd;
1068 
1069 	return 0;
1070 }
1071 
do_attach(int argc,char ** argv)1072 static int do_attach(int argc, char **argv)
1073 {
1074 	enum bpf_attach_type attach_type;
1075 	int err, progfd;
1076 	int mapfd;
1077 
1078 	err = parse_attach_detach_args(argc, argv,
1079 				       &progfd, &attach_type, &mapfd);
1080 	if (err)
1081 		return err;
1082 
1083 	err = bpf_prog_attach(progfd, mapfd, attach_type, 0);
1084 	if (err) {
1085 		p_err("failed prog attach to map");
1086 		return -EINVAL;
1087 	}
1088 
1089 	if (json_output)
1090 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1091 	return 0;
1092 }
1093 
do_detach(int argc,char ** argv)1094 static int do_detach(int argc, char **argv)
1095 {
1096 	enum bpf_attach_type attach_type;
1097 	int err, progfd;
1098 	int mapfd;
1099 
1100 	err = parse_attach_detach_args(argc, argv,
1101 				       &progfd, &attach_type, &mapfd);
1102 	if (err)
1103 		return err;
1104 
1105 	err = bpf_prog_detach2(progfd, mapfd, attach_type);
1106 	if (err) {
1107 		p_err("failed prog detach from map");
1108 		return -EINVAL;
1109 	}
1110 
1111 	if (json_output)
1112 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1113 	return 0;
1114 }
1115 
1116 enum prog_tracelog_mode {
1117 	TRACE_STDOUT,
1118 	TRACE_STDERR,
1119 };
1120 
1121 static int
prog_tracelog_stream(int prog_fd,enum prog_tracelog_mode mode)1122 prog_tracelog_stream(int prog_fd, enum prog_tracelog_mode mode)
1123 {
1124 	FILE *file = mode == TRACE_STDOUT ? stdout : stderr;
1125 	int stream_id = mode == TRACE_STDOUT ? 1 : 2;
1126 	char buf[512];
1127 	int ret;
1128 
1129 	ret = 0;
1130 	do {
1131 		ret = bpf_prog_stream_read(prog_fd, stream_id, buf, sizeof(buf), NULL);
1132 		if (ret > 0)
1133 			fwrite(buf, sizeof(buf[0]), ret, file);
1134 	} while (ret > 0);
1135 
1136 	fflush(file);
1137 	return ret ? -1 : 0;
1138 }
1139 
do_tracelog_any(int argc,char ** argv)1140 static int do_tracelog_any(int argc, char **argv)
1141 {
1142 	enum prog_tracelog_mode mode;
1143 	int fd;
1144 
1145 	if (argc == 0)
1146 		return do_tracelog(argc, argv);
1147 	if (!is_prefix(*argv, "stdout") && !is_prefix(*argv, "stderr"))
1148 		usage();
1149 	mode = is_prefix(*argv, "stdout") ? TRACE_STDOUT : TRACE_STDERR;
1150 	NEXT_ARG();
1151 
1152 	if (!REQ_ARGS(2))
1153 		return -1;
1154 
1155 	fd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
1156 	if (fd < 0)
1157 		return -1;
1158 
1159 	return prog_tracelog_stream(fd, mode);
1160 }
1161 
check_single_stdin(char * file_data_in,char * file_ctx_in)1162 static int check_single_stdin(char *file_data_in, char *file_ctx_in)
1163 {
1164 	if (file_data_in && file_ctx_in &&
1165 	    !strcmp(file_data_in, "-") && !strcmp(file_ctx_in, "-")) {
1166 		p_err("cannot use standard input for both data_in and ctx_in");
1167 		return -1;
1168 	}
1169 
1170 	return 0;
1171 }
1172 
get_run_data(const char * fname,void ** data_ptr,unsigned int * size)1173 static int get_run_data(const char *fname, void **data_ptr, unsigned int *size)
1174 {
1175 	size_t block_size = 256;
1176 	size_t buf_size = block_size;
1177 	size_t nb_read = 0;
1178 	void *tmp;
1179 	FILE *f;
1180 
1181 	if (!fname) {
1182 		*data_ptr = NULL;
1183 		*size = 0;
1184 		return 0;
1185 	}
1186 
1187 	if (!strcmp(fname, "-"))
1188 		f = stdin;
1189 	else
1190 		f = fopen(fname, "r");
1191 	if (!f) {
1192 		p_err("failed to open %s: %s", fname, strerror(errno));
1193 		return -1;
1194 	}
1195 
1196 	*data_ptr = malloc(block_size);
1197 	if (!*data_ptr) {
1198 		p_err("failed to allocate memory for data_in/ctx_in: %s",
1199 		      strerror(errno));
1200 		goto err_fclose;
1201 	}
1202 
1203 	while ((nb_read += fread(*data_ptr + nb_read, 1, block_size, f))) {
1204 		if (feof(f))
1205 			break;
1206 		if (ferror(f)) {
1207 			p_err("failed to read data_in/ctx_in from %s: %s",
1208 			      fname, strerror(errno));
1209 			goto err_free;
1210 		}
1211 		if (nb_read > buf_size - block_size) {
1212 			if (buf_size == UINT32_MAX) {
1213 				p_err("data_in/ctx_in is too long (max: %u)",
1214 				      UINT32_MAX);
1215 				goto err_free;
1216 			}
1217 			/* No space for fread()-ing next chunk; realloc() */
1218 			buf_size *= 2;
1219 			tmp = realloc(*data_ptr, buf_size);
1220 			if (!tmp) {
1221 				p_err("failed to reallocate data_in/ctx_in: %s",
1222 				      strerror(errno));
1223 				goto err_free;
1224 			}
1225 			*data_ptr = tmp;
1226 		}
1227 	}
1228 	if (f != stdin)
1229 		fclose(f);
1230 
1231 	*size = nb_read;
1232 	return 0;
1233 
1234 err_free:
1235 	free(*data_ptr);
1236 	*data_ptr = NULL;
1237 err_fclose:
1238 	if (f != stdin)
1239 		fclose(f);
1240 	return -1;
1241 }
1242 
hex_print(void * data,unsigned int size,FILE * f)1243 static void hex_print(void *data, unsigned int size, FILE *f)
1244 {
1245 	size_t i, j;
1246 	char c;
1247 
1248 	for (i = 0; i < size; i += 16) {
1249 		/* Row offset */
1250 		fprintf(f, "%07zx\t", i);
1251 
1252 		/* Hexadecimal values */
1253 		for (j = i; j < i + 16 && j < size; j++)
1254 			fprintf(f, "%02x%s", *(uint8_t *)(data + j),
1255 				j % 2 ? " " : "");
1256 		for (; j < i + 16; j++)
1257 			fprintf(f, "  %s", j % 2 ? " " : "");
1258 
1259 		/* ASCII values (if relevant), '.' otherwise */
1260 		fprintf(f, "| ");
1261 		for (j = i; j < i + 16 && j < size; j++) {
1262 			c = *(char *)(data + j);
1263 			if (c < ' ' || c > '~')
1264 				c = '.';
1265 			fprintf(f, "%c%s", c, j == i + 7 ? " " : "");
1266 		}
1267 
1268 		fprintf(f, "\n");
1269 	}
1270 }
1271 
1272 static int
print_run_output(void * data,unsigned int size,const char * fname,const char * json_key)1273 print_run_output(void *data, unsigned int size, const char *fname,
1274 		 const char *json_key)
1275 {
1276 	size_t nb_written;
1277 	FILE *f;
1278 
1279 	if (!fname)
1280 		return 0;
1281 
1282 	if (!strcmp(fname, "-")) {
1283 		f = stdout;
1284 		if (json_output) {
1285 			jsonw_name(json_wtr, json_key);
1286 			print_data_json(data, size);
1287 		} else {
1288 			hex_print(data, size, f);
1289 		}
1290 		return 0;
1291 	}
1292 
1293 	f = fopen(fname, "w");
1294 	if (!f) {
1295 		p_err("failed to open %s: %s", fname, strerror(errno));
1296 		return -1;
1297 	}
1298 
1299 	nb_written = fwrite(data, 1, size, f);
1300 	fclose(f);
1301 	if (nb_written != size) {
1302 		p_err("failed to write output data/ctx: %s", strerror(errno));
1303 		return -1;
1304 	}
1305 
1306 	return 0;
1307 }
1308 
alloc_run_data(void ** data_ptr,unsigned int size_out)1309 static int alloc_run_data(void **data_ptr, unsigned int size_out)
1310 {
1311 	*data_ptr = calloc(size_out, 1);
1312 	if (!*data_ptr) {
1313 		p_err("failed to allocate memory for output data/ctx: %s",
1314 		      strerror(errno));
1315 		return -1;
1316 	}
1317 
1318 	return 0;
1319 }
1320 
do_run(int argc,char ** argv)1321 static int do_run(int argc, char **argv)
1322 {
1323 	char *data_fname_in = NULL, *data_fname_out = NULL;
1324 	char *ctx_fname_in = NULL, *ctx_fname_out = NULL;
1325 	const unsigned int default_size = SZ_32K;
1326 	void *data_in = NULL, *data_out = NULL;
1327 	void *ctx_in = NULL, *ctx_out = NULL;
1328 	unsigned int repeat = 1;
1329 	int fd, err;
1330 	LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_test_run_opts, test_attr);
1331 
1332 	if (!REQ_ARGS(4))
1333 		return -1;
1334 
1335 	fd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
1336 	if (fd < 0)
1337 		return -1;
1338 
1339 	while (argc) {
1340 		if (detect_common_prefix(*argv, "data_in", "data_out",
1341 					 "data_size_out", NULL))
1342 			return -1;
1343 		if (detect_common_prefix(*argv, "ctx_in", "ctx_out",
1344 					 "ctx_size_out", NULL))
1345 			return -1;
1346 
1347 		if (is_prefix(*argv, "data_in")) {
1348 			NEXT_ARG();
1349 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1350 				return -1;
1351 
1352 			data_fname_in = GET_ARG();
1353 			if (check_single_stdin(data_fname_in, ctx_fname_in))
1354 				return -1;
1355 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "data_out")) {
1356 			NEXT_ARG();
1357 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1358 				return -1;
1359 
1360 			data_fname_out = GET_ARG();
1361 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "data_size_out")) {
1362 			char *endptr;
1363 
1364 			NEXT_ARG();
1365 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1366 				return -1;
1367 
1368 			test_attr.data_size_out = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
1369 			if (*endptr) {
1370 				p_err("can't parse %s as output data size",
1371 				      *argv);
1372 				return -1;
1373 			}
1374 			NEXT_ARG();
1375 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "ctx_in")) {
1376 			NEXT_ARG();
1377 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1378 				return -1;
1379 
1380 			ctx_fname_in = GET_ARG();
1381 			if (check_single_stdin(data_fname_in, ctx_fname_in))
1382 				return -1;
1383 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "ctx_out")) {
1384 			NEXT_ARG();
1385 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1386 				return -1;
1387 
1388 			ctx_fname_out = GET_ARG();
1389 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "ctx_size_out")) {
1390 			char *endptr;
1391 
1392 			NEXT_ARG();
1393 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1394 				return -1;
1395 
1396 			test_attr.ctx_size_out = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
1397 			if (*endptr) {
1398 				p_err("can't parse %s as output context size",
1399 				      *argv);
1400 				return -1;
1401 			}
1402 			NEXT_ARG();
1403 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "repeat")) {
1404 			char *endptr;
1405 
1406 			NEXT_ARG();
1407 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1408 				return -1;
1409 
1410 			repeat = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
1411 			if (*endptr) {
1412 				p_err("can't parse %s as repeat number",
1413 				      *argv);
1414 				return -1;
1415 			}
1416 			NEXT_ARG();
1417 		} else {
1418 			p_err("expected no more arguments, 'data_in', 'data_out', 'data_size_out', 'ctx_in', 'ctx_out', 'ctx_size_out' or 'repeat', got: '%s'?",
1419 			      *argv);
1420 			return -1;
1421 		}
1422 	}
1423 
1424 	err = get_run_data(data_fname_in, &data_in, &test_attr.data_size_in);
1425 	if (err)
1426 		return -1;
1427 
1428 	if (data_in) {
1429 		if (!test_attr.data_size_out)
1430 			test_attr.data_size_out = default_size;
1431 		err = alloc_run_data(&data_out, test_attr.data_size_out);
1432 		if (err)
1433 			goto free_data_in;
1434 	}
1435 
1436 	err = get_run_data(ctx_fname_in, &ctx_in, &test_attr.ctx_size_in);
1437 	if (err)
1438 		goto free_data_out;
1439 
1440 	if (ctx_in) {
1441 		if (!test_attr.ctx_size_out)
1442 			test_attr.ctx_size_out = default_size;
1443 		err = alloc_run_data(&ctx_out, test_attr.ctx_size_out);
1444 		if (err)
1445 			goto free_ctx_in;
1446 	}
1447 
1448 	test_attr.repeat	= repeat;
1449 	test_attr.data_in	= data_in;
1450 	test_attr.data_out	= data_out;
1451 	test_attr.ctx_in	= ctx_in;
1452 	test_attr.ctx_out	= ctx_out;
1453 
1454 	err = bpf_prog_test_run_opts(fd, &test_attr);
1455 	if (err) {
1456 		p_err("failed to run program: %s", strerror(errno));
1457 		goto free_ctx_out;
1458 	}
1459 
1460 	err = 0;
1461 
1462 	if (json_output)
1463 		jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);	/* root */
1464 
1465 	/* Do not exit on errors occurring when printing output data/context,
1466 	 * we still want to print return value and duration for program run.
1467 	 */
1468 	if (test_attr.data_size_out)
1469 		err += print_run_output(test_attr.data_out,
1470 					test_attr.data_size_out,
1471 					data_fname_out, "data_out");
1472 	if (test_attr.ctx_size_out)
1473 		err += print_run_output(test_attr.ctx_out,
1474 					test_attr.ctx_size_out,
1475 					ctx_fname_out, "ctx_out");
1476 
1477 	if (json_output) {
1478 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "retval", test_attr.retval);
1479 		jsonw_uint_field(json_wtr, "duration", test_attr.duration);
1480 		jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);	/* root */
1481 	} else {
1482 		fprintf(stdout, "Return value: %u, duration%s: %uns\n",
1483 			test_attr.retval,
1484 			repeat > 1 ? " (average)" : "", test_attr.duration);
1485 	}
1486 
1487 free_ctx_out:
1488 	free(ctx_out);
1489 free_ctx_in:
1490 	free(ctx_in);
1491 free_data_out:
1492 	free(data_out);
1493 free_data_in:
1494 	free(data_in);
1495 
1496 	return err;
1497 }
1498 
1499 static int
get_prog_type_by_name(const char * name,enum bpf_prog_type * prog_type,enum bpf_attach_type * expected_attach_type)1500 get_prog_type_by_name(const char *name, enum bpf_prog_type *prog_type,
1501 		      enum bpf_attach_type *expected_attach_type)
1502 {
1503 	libbpf_print_fn_t print_backup;
1504 	int ret;
1505 
1506 	ret = libbpf_prog_type_by_name(name, prog_type, expected_attach_type);
1507 	if (!ret)
1508 		return ret;
1509 
1510 	/* libbpf_prog_type_by_name() failed, let's re-run with debug level */
1511 	print_backup = libbpf_set_print(print_all_levels);
1512 	ret = libbpf_prog_type_by_name(name, prog_type, expected_attach_type);
1513 	libbpf_set_print(print_backup);
1514 
1515 	return ret;
1516 }
1517 
1518 static int
auto_attach_program(struct bpf_program * prog,const char * path)1519 auto_attach_program(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path)
1520 {
1521 	struct bpf_link *link;
1522 	int err;
1523 
1524 	link = bpf_program__attach(prog);
1525 	if (!link) {
1526 		p_info("Program %s does not support autoattach, falling back to pinning",
1527 		       bpf_program__name(prog));
1528 		return bpf_obj_pin(bpf_program__fd(prog), path);
1529 	}
1530 
1531 	err = bpf_link__pin(link, path);
1532 	bpf_link__destroy(link);
1533 	return err;
1534 }
1535 
1536 static int
auto_attach_programs(struct bpf_object * obj,const char * path)1537 auto_attach_programs(struct bpf_object *obj, const char *path)
1538 {
1539 	struct bpf_program *prog;
1540 	char buf[PATH_MAX];
1541 	int err;
1542 
1543 	bpf_object__for_each_program(prog, obj) {
1544 		err = pathname_concat(buf, sizeof(buf), path, bpf_program__name(prog));
1545 		if (err)
1546 			goto err_unpin_programs;
1547 
1548 		err = auto_attach_program(prog, buf);
1549 		if (err)
1550 			goto err_unpin_programs;
1551 	}
1552 
1553 	return 0;
1554 
1555 err_unpin_programs:
1556 	while ((prog = bpf_object__prev_program(obj, prog))) {
1557 		if (pathname_concat(buf, sizeof(buf), path, bpf_program__name(prog)))
1558 			continue;
1559 
1560 		bpf_program__unpin(prog, buf);
1561 	}
1562 
1563 	return err;
1564 }
1565 
load_with_options(int argc,char ** argv,bool first_prog_only)1566 static int load_with_options(int argc, char **argv, bool first_prog_only)
1567 {
1568 	enum bpf_prog_type common_prog_type = BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC;
1569 	DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_object_open_opts, open_opts,
1570 		.relaxed_maps = relaxed_maps,
1571 	);
1572 	enum bpf_attach_type expected_attach_type;
1573 	struct map_replace *map_replace = NULL;
1574 	struct bpf_program *prog = NULL, *pos;
1575 	unsigned int old_map_fds = 0;
1576 	const char *pinmaps = NULL;
1577 	__u32 xdpmeta_ifindex = 0;
1578 	__u32 offload_ifindex = 0;
1579 	bool auto_attach = false;
1580 	struct bpf_object *obj;
1581 	struct bpf_map *map;
1582 	const char *pinfile;
1583 	unsigned int i, j;
1584 	const char *file;
1585 	int idx, err;
1586 
1587 
1588 	if (!REQ_ARGS(2))
1589 		return -1;
1590 	file = GET_ARG();
1591 	pinfile = GET_ARG();
1592 
1593 	while (argc) {
1594 		if (is_prefix(*argv, "type")) {
1595 			NEXT_ARG();
1596 
1597 			if (common_prog_type != BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC) {
1598 				p_err("program type already specified");
1599 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1600 			}
1601 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1602 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1603 
1604 			err = libbpf_prog_type_by_name(*argv, &common_prog_type,
1605 						       &expected_attach_type);
1606 			if (err < 0) {
1607 				/* Put a '/' at the end of type to appease libbpf */
1608 				char *type = malloc(strlen(*argv) + 2);
1609 
1610 				if (!type) {
1611 					p_err("mem alloc failed");
1612 					goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1613 				}
1614 				*type = 0;
1615 				strcat(type, *argv);
1616 				strcat(type, "/");
1617 
1618 				err = get_prog_type_by_name(type, &common_prog_type,
1619 							    &expected_attach_type);
1620 				free(type);
1621 				if (err < 0)
1622 					goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1623 			}
1624 
1625 			NEXT_ARG();
1626 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "map")) {
1627 			void *new_map_replace;
1628 			char *endptr, *name;
1629 			int fd;
1630 
1631 			NEXT_ARG();
1632 
1633 			if (!REQ_ARGS(4))
1634 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1635 
1636 			if (is_prefix(*argv, "idx")) {
1637 				NEXT_ARG();
1638 
1639 				idx = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
1640 				if (*endptr) {
1641 					p_err("can't parse %s as IDX", *argv);
1642 					goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1643 				}
1644 				name = NULL;
1645 			} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "name")) {
1646 				NEXT_ARG();
1647 
1648 				name = *argv;
1649 				idx = -1;
1650 			} else {
1651 				p_err("expected 'idx' or 'name', got: '%s'?",
1652 				      *argv);
1653 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1654 			}
1655 			NEXT_ARG();
1656 
1657 			fd = map_parse_fd(&argc, &argv, 0);
1658 			if (fd < 0)
1659 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1660 
1661 			new_map_replace = libbpf_reallocarray(map_replace,
1662 							      old_map_fds + 1,
1663 							      sizeof(*map_replace));
1664 			if (!new_map_replace) {
1665 				p_err("mem alloc failed");
1666 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1667 			}
1668 			map_replace = new_map_replace;
1669 
1670 			map_replace[old_map_fds].idx = idx;
1671 			map_replace[old_map_fds].name = name;
1672 			map_replace[old_map_fds].fd = fd;
1673 			old_map_fds++;
1674 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "dev")) {
1675 			p_info("Warning: 'bpftool prog load [...] dev <ifname>' syntax is deprecated.\n"
1676 			       "Going further, please use 'offload_dev <ifname>' to offload program to device.\n"
1677 			       "For applications using XDP hints only, use 'xdpmeta_dev <ifname>'.");
1678 			goto offload_dev;
1679 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "offload_dev")) {
1680 offload_dev:
1681 			NEXT_ARG();
1682 
1683 			if (offload_ifindex) {
1684 				p_err("offload_dev already specified");
1685 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1686 			} else if (xdpmeta_ifindex) {
1687 				p_err("xdpmeta_dev and offload_dev are mutually exclusive");
1688 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1689 			}
1690 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1691 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1692 
1693 			offload_ifindex = if_nametoindex(*argv);
1694 			if (!offload_ifindex) {
1695 				p_err("unrecognized netdevice '%s': %s",
1696 				      *argv, strerror(errno));
1697 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1698 			}
1699 			NEXT_ARG();
1700 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "xdpmeta_dev")) {
1701 			NEXT_ARG();
1702 
1703 			if (xdpmeta_ifindex) {
1704 				p_err("xdpmeta_dev already specified");
1705 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1706 			} else if (offload_ifindex) {
1707 				p_err("xdpmeta_dev and offload_dev are mutually exclusive");
1708 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1709 			}
1710 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1711 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1712 
1713 			xdpmeta_ifindex = if_nametoindex(*argv);
1714 			if (!xdpmeta_ifindex) {
1715 				p_err("unrecognized netdevice '%s': %s",
1716 				      *argv, strerror(errno));
1717 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1718 			}
1719 			NEXT_ARG();
1720 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "pinmaps")) {
1721 			NEXT_ARG();
1722 
1723 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1724 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1725 
1726 			pinmaps = GET_ARG();
1727 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "autoattach")) {
1728 			auto_attach = true;
1729 			NEXT_ARG();
1730 		} else if (is_prefix(*argv, "kernel_btf")) {
1731 			NEXT_ARG();
1732 
1733 			if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1734 				goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1735 
1736 			open_opts.btf_custom_path = GET_ARG();
1737 		} else {
1738 			p_err("expected no more arguments, "
1739 			      "'type', 'map', 'offload_dev', 'xdpmeta_dev', 'pinmaps', "
1740 			      "'autoattach', or 'kernel_btf', got: '%s'?",
1741 			      *argv);
1742 			goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1743 		}
1744 	}
1745 
1746 	set_max_rlimit();
1747 
1748 	if (verifier_logs)
1749 		/* log_level1 + log_level2 + stats, but not stable UAPI */
1750 		open_opts.kernel_log_level = 1 + 2 + 4;
1751 
1752 	obj = bpf_object__open_file(file, &open_opts);
1753 	if (!obj) {
1754 		p_err("failed to open object file");
1755 		goto err_free_reuse_maps;
1756 	}
1757 
1758 	bpf_object__for_each_program(pos, obj) {
1759 		enum bpf_prog_type prog_type = common_prog_type;
1760 
1761 		if (prog_type == BPF_PROG_TYPE_UNSPEC) {
1762 			const char *sec_name = bpf_program__section_name(pos);
1763 
1764 			err = get_prog_type_by_name(sec_name, &prog_type,
1765 						    &expected_attach_type);
1766 			if (err < 0)
1767 				goto err_close_obj;
1768 		}
1769 
1770 		if (prog_type == BPF_PROG_TYPE_XDP && xdpmeta_ifindex) {
1771 			bpf_program__set_flags(pos, BPF_F_XDP_DEV_BOUND_ONLY);
1772 			bpf_program__set_ifindex(pos, xdpmeta_ifindex);
1773 		} else {
1774 			bpf_program__set_ifindex(pos, offload_ifindex);
1775 		}
1776 		if (bpf_program__type(pos) != prog_type)
1777 			bpf_program__set_type(pos, prog_type);
1778 		bpf_program__set_expected_attach_type(pos, expected_attach_type);
1779 	}
1780 
1781 	qsort(map_replace, old_map_fds, sizeof(*map_replace),
1782 	      map_replace_compar);
1783 
1784 	/* After the sort maps by name will be first on the list, because they
1785 	 * have idx == -1.  Resolve them.
1786 	 */
1787 	j = 0;
1788 	while (j < old_map_fds && map_replace[j].name) {
1789 		i = 0;
1790 		bpf_object__for_each_map(map, obj) {
1791 			if (!strcmp(bpf_map__name(map), map_replace[j].name)) {
1792 				map_replace[j].idx = i;
1793 				break;
1794 			}
1795 			i++;
1796 		}
1797 		if (map_replace[j].idx == -1) {
1798 			p_err("unable to find map '%s'", map_replace[j].name);
1799 			goto err_close_obj;
1800 		}
1801 		j++;
1802 	}
1803 	/* Resort if any names were resolved */
1804 	if (j)
1805 		qsort(map_replace, old_map_fds, sizeof(*map_replace),
1806 		      map_replace_compar);
1807 
1808 	/* Set ifindex and name reuse */
1809 	j = 0;
1810 	idx = 0;
1811 	bpf_object__for_each_map(map, obj) {
1812 		if (bpf_map__type(map) != BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY)
1813 			bpf_map__set_ifindex(map, offload_ifindex);
1814 
1815 		if (j < old_map_fds && idx == map_replace[j].idx) {
1816 			err = bpf_map__reuse_fd(map, map_replace[j++].fd);
1817 			if (err) {
1818 				p_err("unable to set up map reuse: %d", err);
1819 				goto err_close_obj;
1820 			}
1821 
1822 			/* Next reuse wants to apply to the same map */
1823 			if (j < old_map_fds && map_replace[j].idx == idx) {
1824 				p_err("replacement for map idx %d specified more than once",
1825 				      idx);
1826 				goto err_close_obj;
1827 			}
1828 		}
1829 
1830 		idx++;
1831 	}
1832 	if (j < old_map_fds) {
1833 		p_err("map idx '%d' not used", map_replace[j].idx);
1834 		goto err_close_obj;
1835 	}
1836 
1837 	err = bpf_object__load(obj);
1838 	if (err) {
1839 		p_err("failed to load object file");
1840 		goto err_close_obj;
1841 	}
1842 
1843 	if (first_prog_only)
1844 		err = mount_bpffs_for_file(pinfile);
1845 	else
1846 		err = create_and_mount_bpffs_dir(pinfile);
1847 	if (err)
1848 		goto err_close_obj;
1849 
1850 	if (first_prog_only) {
1851 		prog = bpf_object__next_program(obj, NULL);
1852 		if (!prog) {
1853 			p_err("object file doesn't contain any bpf program");
1854 			goto err_close_obj;
1855 		}
1856 
1857 		if (auto_attach)
1858 			err = auto_attach_program(prog, pinfile);
1859 		else
1860 			err = bpf_obj_pin(bpf_program__fd(prog), pinfile);
1861 		if (err) {
1862 			p_err("failed to pin program %s",
1863 			      bpf_program__section_name(prog));
1864 			goto err_close_obj;
1865 		}
1866 	} else {
1867 		if (auto_attach)
1868 			err = auto_attach_programs(obj, pinfile);
1869 		else
1870 			err = bpf_object__pin_programs(obj, pinfile);
1871 		if (err) {
1872 			p_err("failed to pin all programs");
1873 			goto err_close_obj;
1874 		}
1875 	}
1876 
1877 	if (pinmaps) {
1878 		err = create_and_mount_bpffs_dir(pinmaps);
1879 		if (err)
1880 			goto err_unpin;
1881 
1882 		err = bpf_object__pin_maps(obj, pinmaps);
1883 		if (err) {
1884 			p_err("failed to pin all maps");
1885 			goto err_unpin;
1886 		}
1887 	}
1888 
1889 	if (json_output)
1890 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
1891 
1892 	bpf_object__close(obj);
1893 	for (i = 0; i < old_map_fds; i++)
1894 		close(map_replace[i].fd);
1895 	free(map_replace);
1896 
1897 	return 0;
1898 
1899 err_unpin:
1900 	if (first_prog_only)
1901 		unlink(pinfile);
1902 	else
1903 		bpf_object__unpin_programs(obj, pinfile);
1904 err_close_obj:
1905 	bpf_object__close(obj);
1906 err_free_reuse_maps:
1907 	for (i = 0; i < old_map_fds; i++)
1908 		close(map_replace[i].fd);
1909 	free(map_replace);
1910 	return -1;
1911 }
1912 
count_open_fds(void)1913 static int count_open_fds(void)
1914 {
1915 	DIR *dp = opendir("/proc/self/fd");
1916 	struct dirent *de;
1917 	int cnt = -3;
1918 
1919 	if (!dp)
1920 		return -1;
1921 
1922 	while ((de = readdir(dp)))
1923 		cnt++;
1924 
1925 	closedir(dp);
1926 	return cnt;
1927 }
1928 
try_loader(struct gen_loader_opts * gen)1929 static int try_loader(struct gen_loader_opts *gen)
1930 {
1931 	struct bpf_load_and_run_opts opts = {};
1932 	struct bpf_loader_ctx *ctx;
1933 	int ctx_sz = sizeof(*ctx) + 64 * max(sizeof(struct bpf_map_desc),
1934 					     sizeof(struct bpf_prog_desc));
1935 	int log_buf_sz = (1u << 24) - 1;
1936 	int err, fds_before, fd_delta;
1937 	char *log_buf = NULL;
1938 
1939 	ctx = alloca(ctx_sz);
1940 	memset(ctx, 0, ctx_sz);
1941 	ctx->sz = ctx_sz;
1942 	if (verifier_logs) {
1943 		ctx->log_level = 1 + 2 + 4;
1944 		ctx->log_size = log_buf_sz;
1945 		log_buf = malloc(log_buf_sz);
1946 		if (!log_buf)
1947 			return -ENOMEM;
1948 		ctx->log_buf = (long) log_buf;
1949 	}
1950 	opts.ctx = ctx;
1951 	opts.data = gen->data;
1952 	opts.data_sz = gen->data_sz;
1953 	opts.insns = gen->insns;
1954 	opts.insns_sz = gen->insns_sz;
1955 	fds_before = count_open_fds();
1956 	err = bpf_load_and_run(&opts);
1957 	fd_delta = count_open_fds() - fds_before;
1958 	if (err < 0 || verifier_logs) {
1959 		fprintf(stderr, "err %d\n%s\n%s", err, opts.errstr, log_buf);
1960 		if (fd_delta && err < 0)
1961 			fprintf(stderr, "loader prog leaked %d FDs\n",
1962 				fd_delta);
1963 	}
1964 	free(log_buf);
1965 	return err;
1966 }
1967 
do_loader(int argc,char ** argv)1968 static int do_loader(int argc, char **argv)
1969 {
1970 	DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_object_open_opts, open_opts);
1971 	DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(gen_loader_opts, gen);
1972 	struct bpf_object *obj;
1973 	const char *file;
1974 	int err = 0;
1975 
1976 	if (!REQ_ARGS(1))
1977 		return -1;
1978 	file = GET_ARG();
1979 
1980 	if (verifier_logs)
1981 		/* log_level1 + log_level2 + stats, but not stable UAPI */
1982 		open_opts.kernel_log_level = 1 + 2 + 4;
1983 
1984 	obj = bpf_object__open_file(file, &open_opts);
1985 	if (!obj) {
1986 		err = -1;
1987 		p_err("failed to open object file");
1988 		goto err_close_obj;
1989 	}
1990 
1991 	err = bpf_object__gen_loader(obj, &gen);
1992 	if (err)
1993 		goto err_close_obj;
1994 
1995 	err = bpf_object__load(obj);
1996 	if (err) {
1997 		p_err("failed to load object file");
1998 		goto err_close_obj;
1999 	}
2000 
2001 	if (verifier_logs) {
2002 		struct dump_data dd = {};
2003 
2004 		kernel_syms_load(&dd);
2005 		dump_xlated_plain(&dd, (void *)gen.insns, gen.insns_sz, false, false);
2006 		kernel_syms_destroy(&dd);
2007 	}
2008 	err = try_loader(&gen);
2009 err_close_obj:
2010 	bpf_object__close(obj);
2011 	return err;
2012 }
2013 
do_load(int argc,char ** argv)2014 static int do_load(int argc, char **argv)
2015 {
2016 	if (use_loader)
2017 		return do_loader(argc, argv);
2018 	return load_with_options(argc, argv, true);
2019 }
2020 
do_loadall(int argc,char ** argv)2021 static int do_loadall(int argc, char **argv)
2022 {
2023 	return load_with_options(argc, argv, false);
2024 }
2025 
2026 #ifdef BPFTOOL_WITHOUT_SKELETONS
2027 
do_profile(int argc,char ** argv)2028 static int do_profile(int argc, char **argv)
2029 {
2030 	p_err("bpftool prog profile command is not supported. Please build bpftool with clang >= 10.0.0");
2031 	return 0;
2032 }
2033 
2034 #else /* BPFTOOL_WITHOUT_SKELETONS */
2035 
2036 #include "profiler.skel.h"
2037 
2038 struct profile_metric {
2039 	const char *name;
2040 	struct bpf_perf_event_value val;
2041 	struct perf_event_attr attr;
2042 	bool selected;
2043 
2044 	/* calculate ratios like instructions per cycle */
2045 	const int ratio_metric; /* 0 for N/A, 1 for index 0 (cycles) */
2046 	const char *ratio_desc;
2047 	const float ratio_mul;
2048 } metrics[] = {
2049 	{
2050 		.name = "cycles",
2051 		.attr = {
2052 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE,
2053 			.config = PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES,
2054 			.exclude_user = 1,
2055 		},
2056 	},
2057 	{
2058 		.name = "instructions",
2059 		.attr = {
2060 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE,
2061 			.config = PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS,
2062 			.exclude_user = 1,
2063 		},
2064 		.ratio_metric = 1,
2065 		.ratio_desc = "insns per cycle",
2066 		.ratio_mul = 1.0,
2067 	},
2068 	{
2069 		.name = "l1d_loads",
2070 		.attr = {
2071 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
2072 			.config =
2073 				PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
2074 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
2075 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_ACCESS << 16),
2076 			.exclude_user = 1,
2077 		},
2078 	},
2079 	{
2080 		.name = "llc_misses",
2081 		.attr = {
2082 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
2083 			.config =
2084 				PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
2085 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
2086 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16),
2087 			.exclude_user = 1
2088 		},
2089 		.ratio_metric = 2,
2090 		.ratio_desc = "LLC misses per million insns",
2091 		.ratio_mul = 1e6,
2092 	},
2093 	{
2094 		.name = "itlb_misses",
2095 		.attr = {
2096 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
2097 			.config =
2098 				PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
2099 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
2100 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16),
2101 			.exclude_user = 1
2102 		},
2103 		.ratio_metric = 2,
2104 		.ratio_desc = "itlb misses per million insns",
2105 		.ratio_mul = 1e6,
2106 	},
2107 	{
2108 		.name = "dtlb_misses",
2109 		.attr = {
2110 			.type = PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE,
2111 			.config =
2112 				PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
2113 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ << 8) |
2114 				(PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS << 16),
2115 			.exclude_user = 1
2116 		},
2117 		.ratio_metric = 2,
2118 		.ratio_desc = "dtlb misses per million insns",
2119 		.ratio_mul = 1e6,
2120 	},
2121 };
2122 
2123 static __u64 profile_total_count;
2124 
2125 #define MAX_NUM_PROFILE_METRICS 4
2126 
profile_parse_metrics(int argc,char ** argv)2127 static int profile_parse_metrics(int argc, char **argv)
2128 {
2129 	unsigned int metric_cnt;
2130 	int selected_cnt = 0;
2131 	unsigned int i;
2132 
2133 	metric_cnt = ARRAY_SIZE(metrics);
2134 
2135 	while (argc > 0) {
2136 		for (i = 0; i < metric_cnt; i++) {
2137 			if (is_prefix(argv[0], metrics[i].name)) {
2138 				if (!metrics[i].selected)
2139 					selected_cnt++;
2140 				metrics[i].selected = true;
2141 				break;
2142 			}
2143 		}
2144 		if (i == metric_cnt) {
2145 			p_err("unknown metric %s", argv[0]);
2146 			return -1;
2147 		}
2148 		NEXT_ARG();
2149 	}
2150 	if (selected_cnt > MAX_NUM_PROFILE_METRICS) {
2151 		p_err("too many (%d) metrics, please specify no more than %d metrics at a time",
2152 		      selected_cnt, MAX_NUM_PROFILE_METRICS);
2153 		return -1;
2154 	}
2155 	return selected_cnt;
2156 }
2157 
profile_read_values(struct profiler_bpf * obj)2158 static void profile_read_values(struct profiler_bpf *obj)
2159 {
2160 	__u32 m, cpu, num_cpu = obj->rodata->num_cpu;
2161 	int reading_map_fd, count_map_fd;
2162 	__u64 counts[num_cpu];
2163 	__u32 key = 0;
2164 	int err;
2165 
2166 	reading_map_fd = bpf_map__fd(obj->maps.accum_readings);
2167 	count_map_fd = bpf_map__fd(obj->maps.counts);
2168 	if (reading_map_fd < 0 || count_map_fd < 0) {
2169 		p_err("failed to get fd for map");
2170 		return;
2171 	}
2172 
2173 	err = bpf_map_lookup_elem(count_map_fd, &key, counts);
2174 	if (err) {
2175 		p_err("failed to read count_map: %s", strerror(errno));
2176 		return;
2177 	}
2178 
2179 	profile_total_count = 0;
2180 	for (cpu = 0; cpu < num_cpu; cpu++)
2181 		profile_total_count += counts[cpu];
2182 
2183 	for (m = 0; m < ARRAY_SIZE(metrics); m++) {
2184 		struct bpf_perf_event_value values[num_cpu];
2185 
2186 		if (!metrics[m].selected)
2187 			continue;
2188 
2189 		err = bpf_map_lookup_elem(reading_map_fd, &key, values);
2190 		if (err) {
2191 			p_err("failed to read reading_map: %s",
2192 			      strerror(errno));
2193 			return;
2194 		}
2195 		for (cpu = 0; cpu < num_cpu; cpu++) {
2196 			metrics[m].val.counter += values[cpu].counter;
2197 			metrics[m].val.enabled += values[cpu].enabled;
2198 			metrics[m].val.running += values[cpu].running;
2199 		}
2200 		key++;
2201 	}
2202 }
2203 
profile_print_readings_json(void)2204 static void profile_print_readings_json(void)
2205 {
2206 	__u32 m;
2207 
2208 	jsonw_start_array(json_wtr);
2209 	for (m = 0; m < ARRAY_SIZE(metrics); m++) {
2210 		if (!metrics[m].selected)
2211 			continue;
2212 		jsonw_start_object(json_wtr);
2213 		jsonw_string_field(json_wtr, "metric", metrics[m].name);
2214 		jsonw_lluint_field(json_wtr, "run_cnt", profile_total_count);
2215 		jsonw_lluint_field(json_wtr, "value", metrics[m].val.counter);
2216 		jsonw_lluint_field(json_wtr, "enabled", metrics[m].val.enabled);
2217 		jsonw_lluint_field(json_wtr, "running", metrics[m].val.running);
2218 
2219 		jsonw_end_object(json_wtr);
2220 	}
2221 	jsonw_end_array(json_wtr);
2222 }
2223 
profile_print_readings_plain(void)2224 static void profile_print_readings_plain(void)
2225 {
2226 	__u32 m;
2227 
2228 	printf("\n%18llu %-20s\n", profile_total_count, "run_cnt");
2229 	for (m = 0; m < ARRAY_SIZE(metrics); m++) {
2230 		struct bpf_perf_event_value *val = &metrics[m].val;
2231 		int r;
2232 
2233 		if (!metrics[m].selected)
2234 			continue;
2235 		printf("%18llu %-20s", val->counter, metrics[m].name);
2236 
2237 		r = metrics[m].ratio_metric - 1;
2238 		if (r >= 0 && metrics[r].selected &&
2239 		    metrics[r].val.counter > 0) {
2240 			printf("# %8.2f %-30s",
2241 			       val->counter * metrics[m].ratio_mul /
2242 			       metrics[r].val.counter,
2243 			       metrics[m].ratio_desc);
2244 		} else {
2245 			printf("%-41s", "");
2246 		}
2247 
2248 		if (val->enabled > val->running)
2249 			printf("(%4.2f%%)",
2250 			       val->running * 100.0 / val->enabled);
2251 		printf("\n");
2252 	}
2253 }
2254 
profile_print_readings(void)2255 static void profile_print_readings(void)
2256 {
2257 	if (json_output)
2258 		profile_print_readings_json();
2259 	else
2260 		profile_print_readings_plain();
2261 }
2262 
profile_target_name(int tgt_fd)2263 static char *profile_target_name(int tgt_fd)
2264 {
2265 	struct bpf_func_info func_info;
2266 	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
2267 	__u32 info_len = sizeof(info);
2268 	const struct btf_type *t;
2269 	__u32 func_info_rec_size;
2270 	struct btf *btf = NULL;
2271 	char *name = NULL;
2272 	int err;
2273 
2274 	err = bpf_prog_get_info_by_fd(tgt_fd, &info, &info_len);
2275 	if (err) {
2276 		p_err("failed to get info for prog FD %d", tgt_fd);
2277 		goto out;
2278 	}
2279 
2280 	if (info.btf_id == 0) {
2281 		p_err("prog FD %d doesn't have valid btf", tgt_fd);
2282 		goto out;
2283 	}
2284 
2285 	func_info_rec_size = info.func_info_rec_size;
2286 	if (info.nr_func_info == 0) {
2287 		p_err("found 0 func_info for prog FD %d", tgt_fd);
2288 		goto out;
2289 	}
2290 
2291 	memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
2292 	info.nr_func_info = 1;
2293 	info.func_info_rec_size = func_info_rec_size;
2294 	info.func_info = ptr_to_u64(&func_info);
2295 
2296 	err = bpf_prog_get_info_by_fd(tgt_fd, &info, &info_len);
2297 	if (err) {
2298 		p_err("failed to get func_info for prog FD %d", tgt_fd);
2299 		goto out;
2300 	}
2301 
2302 	btf = btf__load_from_kernel_by_id(info.btf_id);
2303 	if (!btf) {
2304 		p_err("failed to load btf for prog FD %d", tgt_fd);
2305 		goto out;
2306 	}
2307 
2308 	t = btf__type_by_id(btf, func_info.type_id);
2309 	if (!t) {
2310 		p_err("btf %u doesn't have type %u",
2311 		      info.btf_id, func_info.type_id);
2312 		goto out;
2313 	}
2314 	name = strdup(btf__name_by_offset(btf, t->name_off));
2315 out:
2316 	btf__free(btf);
2317 	return name;
2318 }
2319 
2320 static struct profiler_bpf *profile_obj;
2321 static int profile_tgt_fd = -1;
2322 static char *profile_tgt_name;
2323 static int *profile_perf_events;
2324 static int profile_perf_event_cnt;
2325 
profile_close_perf_events(struct profiler_bpf * obj)2326 static void profile_close_perf_events(struct profiler_bpf *obj)
2327 {
2328 	int i;
2329 
2330 	for (i = profile_perf_event_cnt - 1; i >= 0; i--)
2331 		close(profile_perf_events[i]);
2332 
2333 	free(profile_perf_events);
2334 	profile_perf_event_cnt = 0;
2335 }
2336 
profile_open_perf_event(int mid,int cpu,int map_fd)2337 static int profile_open_perf_event(int mid, int cpu, int map_fd)
2338 {
2339 	int pmu_fd;
2340 
2341 	pmu_fd = syscall(__NR_perf_event_open, &metrics[mid].attr,
2342 			 -1 /*pid*/, cpu, -1 /*group_fd*/, 0);
2343 	if (pmu_fd < 0) {
2344 		if (errno == ENODEV) {
2345 			p_info("cpu %d may be offline, skip %s profiling.",
2346 				cpu, metrics[mid].name);
2347 			profile_perf_event_cnt++;
2348 			return 0;
2349 		}
2350 		return -1;
2351 	}
2352 
2353 	if (bpf_map_update_elem(map_fd,
2354 				&profile_perf_event_cnt,
2355 				&pmu_fd, BPF_ANY) ||
2356 	    ioctl(pmu_fd, PERF_EVENT_IOC_ENABLE, 0)) {
2357 		close(pmu_fd);
2358 		return -1;
2359 	}
2360 
2361 	profile_perf_events[profile_perf_event_cnt++] = pmu_fd;
2362 	return 0;
2363 }
2364 
profile_open_perf_events(struct profiler_bpf * obj)2365 static int profile_open_perf_events(struct profiler_bpf *obj)
2366 {
2367 	unsigned int cpu, m;
2368 	int map_fd;
2369 
2370 	profile_perf_events = calloc(
2371 		obj->rodata->num_cpu * obj->rodata->num_metric, sizeof(int));
2372 	if (!profile_perf_events) {
2373 		p_err("failed to allocate memory for perf_event array: %s",
2374 		      strerror(errno));
2375 		return -1;
2376 	}
2377 	map_fd = bpf_map__fd(obj->maps.events);
2378 	if (map_fd < 0) {
2379 		p_err("failed to get fd for events map");
2380 		return -1;
2381 	}
2382 
2383 	for (m = 0; m < ARRAY_SIZE(metrics); m++) {
2384 		if (!metrics[m].selected)
2385 			continue;
2386 		for (cpu = 0; cpu < obj->rodata->num_cpu; cpu++) {
2387 			if (profile_open_perf_event(m, cpu, map_fd)) {
2388 				p_err("failed to create event %s on cpu %u",
2389 				      metrics[m].name, cpu);
2390 				return -1;
2391 			}
2392 		}
2393 	}
2394 	return 0;
2395 }
2396 
profile_print_and_cleanup(void)2397 static void profile_print_and_cleanup(void)
2398 {
2399 	profile_close_perf_events(profile_obj);
2400 	profile_read_values(profile_obj);
2401 	profile_print_readings();
2402 	profiler_bpf__destroy(profile_obj);
2403 
2404 	close(profile_tgt_fd);
2405 	free(profile_tgt_name);
2406 }
2407 
int_exit(int signo)2408 static void int_exit(int signo)
2409 {
2410 	profile_print_and_cleanup();
2411 	exit(0);
2412 }
2413 
do_profile(int argc,char ** argv)2414 static int do_profile(int argc, char **argv)
2415 {
2416 	int num_metric, num_cpu, err = -1;
2417 	struct bpf_program *prog;
2418 	unsigned long duration;
2419 	char *endptr;
2420 
2421 	/* we at least need two args for the prog and one metric */
2422 	if (!REQ_ARGS(3))
2423 		return -EINVAL;
2424 
2425 	/* parse target fd */
2426 	profile_tgt_fd = prog_parse_fd(&argc, &argv);
2427 	if (profile_tgt_fd < 0) {
2428 		p_err("failed to parse fd");
2429 		return -1;
2430 	}
2431 
2432 	/* parse profiling optional duration */
2433 	if (argc > 2 && is_prefix(argv[0], "duration")) {
2434 		NEXT_ARG();
2435 		duration = strtoul(*argv, &endptr, 0);
2436 		if (*endptr)
2437 			usage();
2438 		NEXT_ARG();
2439 	} else {
2440 		duration = UINT_MAX;
2441 	}
2442 
2443 	num_metric = profile_parse_metrics(argc, argv);
2444 	if (num_metric <= 0)
2445 		goto out;
2446 
2447 	num_cpu = libbpf_num_possible_cpus();
2448 	if (num_cpu <= 0) {
2449 		p_err("failed to identify number of CPUs");
2450 		goto out;
2451 	}
2452 
2453 	profile_obj = profiler_bpf__open();
2454 	if (!profile_obj) {
2455 		p_err("failed to open and/or load BPF object");
2456 		goto out;
2457 	}
2458 
2459 	profile_obj->rodata->num_cpu = num_cpu;
2460 	profile_obj->rodata->num_metric = num_metric;
2461 
2462 	/* adjust map sizes */
2463 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(profile_obj->maps.events, num_metric * num_cpu);
2464 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(profile_obj->maps.fentry_readings, num_metric);
2465 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(profile_obj->maps.accum_readings, num_metric);
2466 	bpf_map__set_max_entries(profile_obj->maps.counts, 1);
2467 
2468 	/* change target name */
2469 	profile_tgt_name = profile_target_name(profile_tgt_fd);
2470 	if (!profile_tgt_name)
2471 		goto out;
2472 
2473 	bpf_object__for_each_program(prog, profile_obj->obj) {
2474 		err = bpf_program__set_attach_target(prog, profile_tgt_fd,
2475 						     profile_tgt_name);
2476 		if (err) {
2477 			p_err("failed to set attach target\n");
2478 			goto out;
2479 		}
2480 	}
2481 
2482 	set_max_rlimit();
2483 	err = profiler_bpf__load(profile_obj);
2484 	if (err) {
2485 		p_err("failed to load profile_obj");
2486 		goto out;
2487 	}
2488 
2489 	err = profile_open_perf_events(profile_obj);
2490 	if (err)
2491 		goto out;
2492 
2493 	err = profiler_bpf__attach(profile_obj);
2494 	if (err) {
2495 		p_err("failed to attach profile_obj");
2496 		goto out;
2497 	}
2498 	signal(SIGINT, int_exit);
2499 
2500 	sleep(duration);
2501 	profile_print_and_cleanup();
2502 	return 0;
2503 
2504 out:
2505 	profile_close_perf_events(profile_obj);
2506 	if (profile_obj)
2507 		profiler_bpf__destroy(profile_obj);
2508 	close(profile_tgt_fd);
2509 	free(profile_tgt_name);
2510 	return err;
2511 }
2512 
2513 #endif /* BPFTOOL_WITHOUT_SKELETONS */
2514 
do_help(int argc,char ** argv)2515 static int do_help(int argc, char **argv)
2516 {
2517 	if (json_output) {
2518 		jsonw_null(json_wtr);
2519 		return 0;
2520 	}
2521 
2522 	fprintf(stderr,
2523 		"Usage: %1$s %2$s { show | list } [PROG]\n"
2524 		"       %1$s %2$s dump xlated PROG [{ file FILE | [opcodes] [linum] [visual] }]\n"
2525 		"       %1$s %2$s dump jited  PROG [{ file FILE | [opcodes] [linum] }]\n"
2526 		"       %1$s %2$s pin   PROG FILE\n"
2527 		"       %1$s %2$s { load | loadall } OBJ  PATH \\\n"
2528 		"                         [type TYPE] [{ offload_dev | xdpmeta_dev } NAME] \\\n"
2529 		"                         [map { idx IDX | name NAME } MAP]\\\n"
2530 		"                         [pinmaps MAP_DIR]\n"
2531 		"                         [autoattach]\n"
2532 		"                         [kernel_btf BTF_FILE]\n"
2533 		"       %1$s %2$s attach PROG ATTACH_TYPE [MAP]\n"
2534 		"       %1$s %2$s detach PROG ATTACH_TYPE [MAP]\n"
2535 		"       %1$s %2$s run PROG \\\n"
2536 		"                         data_in FILE \\\n"
2537 		"                         [data_out FILE [data_size_out L]] \\\n"
2538 		"                         [ctx_in FILE [ctx_out FILE [ctx_size_out M]]] \\\n"
2539 		"                         [repeat N]\n"
2540 		"       %1$s %2$s profile PROG [duration DURATION] METRICs\n"
2541 		"       %1$s %2$s tracelog\n"
2542 		"       %1$s %2$s tracelog { stdout | stderr } PROG\n"
2543 		"       %1$s %2$s help\n"
2544 		"\n"
2545 		"       " HELP_SPEC_MAP "\n"
2546 		"       " HELP_SPEC_PROGRAM "\n"
2547 		"       TYPE := { socket | kprobe | kretprobe | classifier | action |\n"
2548 		"                 tracepoint | raw_tracepoint | xdp | perf_event | cgroup/skb |\n"
2549 		"                 cgroup/sock | cgroup/dev | lwt_in | lwt_out | lwt_xmit |\n"
2550 		"                 lwt_seg6local | sockops | sk_skb | sk_msg | lirc_mode2 |\n"
2551 		"                 sk_reuseport | flow_dissector | cgroup/sysctl |\n"
2552 		"                 cgroup/bind4 | cgroup/bind6 | cgroup/post_bind4 |\n"
2553 		"                 cgroup/post_bind6 | cgroup/connect4 | cgroup/connect6 |\n"
2554 		"                 cgroup/connect_unix | cgroup/getpeername4 | cgroup/getpeername6 |\n"
2555 		"                 cgroup/getpeername_unix | cgroup/getsockname4 | cgroup/getsockname6 |\n"
2556 		"                 cgroup/getsockname_unix | cgroup/sendmsg4 | cgroup/sendmsg6 |\n"
2557 		"                 cgroup/sendmsg_unix | cgroup/recvmsg4 | cgroup/recvmsg6 | cgroup/recvmsg_unix |\n"
2558 		"                 cgroup/getsockopt | cgroup/setsockopt | cgroup/sock_release |\n"
2559 		"                 struct_ops | fentry | fexit | freplace | sk_lookup }\n"
2560 		"       ATTACH_TYPE := { sk_msg_verdict | sk_skb_verdict | sk_skb_stream_verdict |\n"
2561 		"                        sk_skb_stream_parser | flow_dissector }\n"
2562 		"       METRIC := { cycles | instructions | l1d_loads | llc_misses | itlb_misses | dtlb_misses }\n"
2563 		"       " HELP_SPEC_OPTIONS " |\n"
2564 		"                    {-f|--bpffs} | {-m|--mapcompat} | {-n|--nomount} |\n"
2565 		"                    {-L|--use-loader} }\n"
2566 		"",
2567 		bin_name, argv[-2]);
2568 
2569 	return 0;
2570 }
2571 
2572 static const struct cmd cmds[] = {
2573 	{ "show",	do_show },
2574 	{ "list",	do_show },
2575 	{ "help",	do_help },
2576 	{ "dump",	do_dump },
2577 	{ "pin",	do_pin },
2578 	{ "load",	do_load },
2579 	{ "loadall",	do_loadall },
2580 	{ "attach",	do_attach },
2581 	{ "detach",	do_detach },
2582 	{ "tracelog",	do_tracelog_any },
2583 	{ "run",	do_run },
2584 	{ "profile",	do_profile },
2585 	{ 0 }
2586 };
2587 
do_prog(int argc,char ** argv)2588 int do_prog(int argc, char **argv)
2589 {
2590 	return cmd_select(cmds, argc, argv, do_help);
2591 }
2592