1 /* 2 * Copyright 2007 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 * Use is subject to license terms. 4 */ 5 6 /* 7 * Copyright (c) 1988, 1989, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 8 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions 12 * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2) 13 * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and 14 * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials 15 * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning 16 * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement: 17 * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California, 18 * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of 19 * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse 20 * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior 21 * written permission. 22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED 23 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 24 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 25 * 26 * 27 * @(#)$Header: traceroute.c,v 1.49 97/06/13 02:30:23 leres Exp $ (LBL) 28 */ 29 30 #pragma ident "%Z%%M% %I% %E% SMI" 31 32 #include <sys/param.h> 33 #include <sys/file.h> 34 #include <sys/ioctl.h> 35 #include <sys/socket.h> 36 #include <sys/time.h> 37 #include <sys/sysmacros.h> 38 39 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 40 #include <netinet/in.h> 41 #include <netinet/ip.h> 42 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 43 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 44 #include <netinet/udp.h> 45 #include <netinet/udp_var.h> 46 #include <netinet/ip6.h> 47 #include <netinet/icmp6.h> 48 49 #include <arpa/inet.h> 50 51 #include <ctype.h> 52 #include <errno.h> 53 #include <malloc.h> 54 #include <memory.h> 55 #include <netdb.h> 56 #include <stdio.h> 57 #include <stdlib.h> 58 #include <strings.h> 59 #include <unistd.h> 60 #include <libintl.h> 61 #include <locale.h> 62 #include <signal.h> 63 #include <setjmp.h> 64 #include <limits.h> 65 #include <zone.h> 66 67 #include <priv_utils.h> 68 69 #include <libinetutil.h> 70 #include "traceroute.h" 71 72 #define MAX_SEQ 65535 /* max sequence value for ICMP */ 73 #define MAX_TRAFFIC_CLASS 255 /* max traffic class for IPv6 */ 74 #define MAX_FLOW_LABEL 0xFFFFF /* max flow label for IPv6 */ 75 #define MAX_TOS 255 /* max type-of-service for IPv4 */ 76 #define STR_LEN 30 77 78 /* store the information about a host */ 79 struct hostinfo { 80 char *name; /* hostname */ 81 int family; /* address family of the IP addresses */ 82 int num_addr; /* number of IP addresses */ 83 union any_in_addr *addrs; /* list of IP addresses */ 84 }; 85 86 /* used to store a bunch of protocol specific values */ 87 struct pr_set { 88 int family; /* AF_INET or AF_INET6 */ 89 char name[STR_LEN]; /* "IPv4" or "IPv6" */ 90 char icmp[STR_LEN]; /* "icmp" or "ipv6-icmp" */ 91 int icmp_minlen; 92 int addr_len; 93 int ip_hdr_len; 94 int packlen; 95 int sock_size; /* size of sockaddr_in or sockaddr_in6 */ 96 struct sockaddr *to; 97 struct sockaddr *from; 98 void *from_sin_addr; 99 union any_in_addr *gwIPlist; 100 /* pointers to v4/v6 functions */ 101 struct ip *(*set_buffers_fn) (int); 102 int (*check_reply_fn)(struct msghdr *, int, int, uchar_t *, uchar_t *); 103 boolean_t (*print_icmp_other_fn)(uchar_t, uchar_t); 104 void (*print_addr_fn)(uchar_t *, int, struct sockaddr *); 105 106 }; 107 108 /* 109 * LBNL bug fixed: in LBNL traceroute 'uchar_t packet[512];' 110 * Not sufficient to hold the complete packet for ECHO REPLY of a big probe. 111 * Packet size is reported incorrectly in such a case. 112 * Also this buffer needs to be 32 bit aligned. In the future the alignment 113 * requirement will be increased to 64 bit. So, let's use 64 bit alignment now. 114 */ 115 static uint64_t packet[(IP_MAXPACKET + 1)/8]; /* received packet */ 116 117 static struct ip *outip4; /* output buffer to send as an IPv4 datagram */ 118 static struct ip *outip6; /* output buffer to send as an IPv6 datagram */ 119 120 /* Used to store the ancillary data that comes with the received packets */ 121 static uint64_t ancillary_data[(IP_MAXPACKET + 1)/8]; 122 123 /* first get the gw names, later you'll resolve them based on the family */ 124 static char *gwlist[MAXMAX_GWS]; /* gateway names list */ 125 static union any_in_addr gwIPlist[MAX_GWS]; /* gateway IPv4 address list */ 126 static union any_in_addr gwIP6list[MAX_GWS6]; /* gateway IPv6 address list */ 127 128 static int family_input = AF_UNSPEC; /* User supplied protocol family */ 129 static int rcvsock4; /* receive (icmp) socket file descriptor */ 130 static int sndsock4; /* send (udp/icmp) socket file descriptor */ 131 static int rcvsock6; /* receive (icmp6) socket file descriptor */ 132 static int sndsock6; /* send (udp6/icmp6) socket file descriptor */ 133 int gw_count = 0; /* number of gateways */ 134 static struct sockaddr_in whereto; /* Who to try to reach */ 135 static struct sockaddr_in6 whereto6; 136 static struct sockaddr_in wherefrom; /* Who we are */ 137 static struct sockaddr_in6 wherefrom6; 138 static int packlen_input = 0; /* user input for packlen */ 139 140 char *prog; 141 static char *source_input = NULL; /* this is user arg. source, doesn't change */ 142 static char *source = NULL; /* this gets modified after name lookup */ 143 char *hostname; 144 static char *device = NULL; /* interface name */ 145 static struct pr_set *pr4; /* protocol info for IPv4 */ 146 static struct pr_set *pr6; /* protocol info for IPv6 */ 147 static struct ifaddrlist *al4; /* list of interfaces */ 148 static struct ifaddrlist *al6; /* list of interfaces */ 149 static uint_t if_index = 0; /* interface index */ 150 static int num_v4 = 0; /* count of IPv4 addresses */ 151 static int num_v6 = 0; /* count of IPv6 addresses */ 152 static int num_ifs4 = 0; /* count of local IPv4 interfaces */ 153 static int num_ifs6 = 0; /* count of local IPv6 interfaces */ 154 155 static int nprobes = 3; /* number of probes */ 156 static int max_ttl = 30; /* max number of hops */ 157 static int first_ttl = 1; /* initial number of hops */ 158 ushort_t ident; /* used to authenticate replies */ 159 ushort_t port = 32768 + 666; /* start udp dest port # for probe packets */ 160 161 static int options = 0; /* socket options */ 162 boolean_t verbose = _B_FALSE; /* verbose output */ 163 static int waittime = 5; /* time to wait for response (in seconds) */ 164 static struct timeval delay = {0, 0}; /* delay between consecutive probe */ 165 boolean_t nflag = _B_FALSE; /* print addresses numerically */ 166 static boolean_t showttl = _B_FALSE; /* print the ttl(hop limit) of recvd pkt */ 167 boolean_t useicmp = _B_FALSE; /* use icmp echo instead of udp packets */ 168 boolean_t docksum = _B_TRUE; /* calculate checksums */ 169 static boolean_t collect_stat = _B_FALSE; /* print statistics */ 170 boolean_t settos = _B_FALSE; /* set type-of-service field */ 171 static int max_timeout = 5; /* quit after this consecutive timeouts */ 172 static boolean_t probe_all = _B_FALSE; /* probe all the IFs of the target */ 173 static boolean_t pick_src = _B_FALSE; /* traceroute picks the src address */ 174 175 /* 176 * flow and class are specific to IPv6, tos and off are specific to IPv4. 177 * Each protocol uses the ones that are specific to itself, and ignores 178 * others. 179 */ 180 static uint_t flow = 0; /* IPv6 flow info */ 181 static uint_t class = 0; /* IPv6 class */ 182 uchar_t tos = 0; /* IPv4 type-of-service */ 183 ushort_t off = 0; /* set DF bit */ 184 185 static jmp_buf env; /* stack environment for longjmp() */ 186 boolean_t raw_req; /* if sndsock for IPv4 must be raw */ 187 188 /* Forwards */ 189 static uint_t calc_packetlen(int, struct pr_set *); 190 extern int check_reply(struct msghdr *, int, int, uchar_t *, uchar_t *); 191 extern int check_reply6(struct msghdr *, int, int, uchar_t *, uchar_t *); 192 static double deltaT(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 193 static char *device_name(struct ifaddrlist *, int, union any_in_addr *, 194 struct pr_set *); 195 extern void *find_ancillary_data(struct msghdr *, int, int); 196 static boolean_t has_addr(struct addrinfo *, union any_in_addr *); 197 static struct ifaddrlist *find_device(struct ifaddrlist *, int, char *); 198 static struct ifaddrlist *find_ifaddr(struct ifaddrlist *, int, 199 union any_in_addr *, int); 200 static void get_gwaddrs(char **, int, union any_in_addr *, 201 union any_in_addr *, int *, int *); 202 static void get_hostinfo(char *, int, struct addrinfo **); 203 char *inet_name(union any_in_addr *, int); 204 ushort_t in_cksum(ushort_t *, int); 205 extern int ip_hdr_length_v6(ip6_t *, int, uint8_t *); 206 extern char *pr_type(uchar_t); 207 extern char *pr_type6(uchar_t); 208 extern void print_addr(uchar_t *, int, struct sockaddr *); 209 extern void print_addr6(uchar_t *, int, struct sockaddr *); 210 extern boolean_t print_icmp_other(uchar_t, uchar_t); 211 extern boolean_t print_icmp_other6(uchar_t, uchar_t); 212 static void print_stats(int, int, double, double, double, double); 213 static void print_unknown_host_msg(const char *, const char *); 214 static void record_stats(double, int *, double *, double *, double *, double *); 215 static void resolve_nodes(int *, struct addrinfo **); 216 static void select_src_addr(union any_in_addr *, union any_in_addr *, int); 217 extern void send_probe(int, struct sockaddr *, struct ip *, int, int, 218 struct timeval *, int); 219 extern void send_probe6(int, struct msghdr *, struct ip *, int, int, 220 struct timeval *, int); 221 extern void set_ancillary_data(struct msghdr *, int, union any_in_addr *, int, 222 uint_t); 223 extern struct ip *set_buffers(int); 224 extern struct ip *set_buffers6(int); 225 extern void set_IPv4opt_sourcerouting(int, union any_in_addr *, 226 union any_in_addr *); 227 static void set_sin(struct sockaddr *, union any_in_addr *, int); 228 static int set_src_addr(struct pr_set *, struct ifaddrlist **); 229 static void setup_protocol(struct pr_set *, int); 230 static void setup_socket(struct pr_set *, int); 231 static void sig_handler(int); 232 static int str2int(const char *, const char *, int, int); 233 static double str2dbl(const char *, const char *, double, double); 234 static void trace_it(struct addrinfo *); 235 static void traceroute(union any_in_addr *, struct msghdr *, struct pr_set *, 236 int, struct ifaddrlist *); 237 static void tv_sub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 238 static void usage(void); 239 static int wait_for_reply(int, struct msghdr *, struct timeval *); 240 static double xsqrt(double); 241 242 /* 243 * main 244 */ 245 int 246 main(int argc, char **argv) 247 { 248 struct addrinfo *ai_dst = NULL; /* destination host */ 249 /* 250 * "probing_successful" indicates if we could successfully send probes, 251 * not necessarily received reply from the target (this behavior is from 252 * the original traceroute). It's _B_FALSE if packlen is invalid, or no 253 * interfaces found. 254 */ 255 boolean_t probing_successful = _B_FALSE; 256 int longjmp_return; /* return value from longjump */ 257 int i = 0; 258 char *cp; 259 int op; 260 char *ep; 261 char temp_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN]; /* use for inet_ntop() */ 262 double pause; 263 264 /* 265 * A raw socket will be used for IPv4 if there is sufficient 266 * privilege. 267 */ 268 raw_req = priv_ineffect(PRIV_NET_RAWACCESS); 269 270 /* 271 * We'll need the privilege only when we open the sockets; that's 272 * when we'll fail if the program has insufficient privileges. 273 */ 274 (void) __init_suid_priv(PU_CLEARLIMITSET, PRIV_NET_ICMPACCESS, 275 raw_req ? PRIV_NET_RAWACCESS : NULL, NULL); 276 277 (void) setlinebuf(stdout); 278 279 if ((cp = strrchr(argv[0], '/')) != NULL) 280 prog = cp + 1; 281 else 282 prog = argv[0]; 283 284 opterr = 0; 285 while ((op = getopt(argc, argv, "adFIlnrSvxA:c:f:g:i:L:m:P:p:Q:q:s:" 286 "t:w:")) != EOF) { 287 switch (op) { 288 case 'A': 289 if (strcmp(optarg, "inet") == 0) { 290 family_input = AF_INET; 291 } else if (strcmp(optarg, "inet6") == 0) { 292 family_input = AF_INET6; 293 } else { 294 Fprintf(stderr, 295 "%s: unknown address family %s\n", 296 prog, optarg); 297 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 298 } 299 break; 300 301 case 'a': 302 probe_all = _B_TRUE; 303 break; 304 305 case 'c': 306 class = str2int(optarg, "traffic class", 0, 307 MAX_TRAFFIC_CLASS); 308 break; 309 310 case 'd': 311 options |= SO_DEBUG; 312 break; 313 314 case 'f': 315 first_ttl = str2int(optarg, "first ttl", 1, MAXTTL); 316 break; 317 318 case 'F': 319 off = IP_DF; 320 break; 321 322 case 'g': 323 if (!raw_req) { 324 Fprintf(stderr, 325 "%s: privilege to specify a loose source " 326 "route gateway is unavailable\n", 327 prog); 328 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 329 } 330 if (gw_count >= MAXMAX_GWS) { 331 Fprintf(stderr, 332 "%s: Too many gateways\n", prog); 333 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 334 } 335 gwlist[gw_count] = strdup(optarg); 336 if (gwlist[gw_count] == NULL) { 337 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: strdup %s\n", prog, 338 strerror(errno)); 339 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 340 } 341 342 ++gw_count; 343 break; 344 345 case 'l': 346 showttl = _B_TRUE; 347 break; 348 349 case 'i': 350 /* this can be IF name or IF index */ 351 if_index = (uint_t)strtol(optarg, &ep, 10); 352 353 /* convert IF index <--> IF name */ 354 if (errno != 0 || *ep != '\0') { 355 device = optarg; 356 if_index = if_nametoindex((const char *)device); 357 358 /* 359 * In case it fails, check to see if the problem 360 * is other than "IF not found". 361 */ 362 if (if_index == 0 && errno != ENXIO) { 363 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: if_nametoindex:" 364 "%s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 365 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 366 } 367 } else { 368 device = (char *)malloc(LIFNAMSIZ + 1); 369 if (device == NULL) { 370 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: malloc: %s\n", 371 prog, strerror(errno)); 372 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 373 } 374 375 device = if_indextoname(if_index, device); 376 if (device != NULL) { 377 device[LIFNAMSIZ] = '\0'; 378 } else if (errno != ENXIO) { 379 /* 380 * The problem was other than "index 381 * not found". 382 */ 383 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: if_indextoname:" 384 "%s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 385 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 386 } 387 } 388 389 if (device == NULL || if_index == 0) { 390 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: interface %s " 391 "doesn't match any actual interfaces\n", 392 prog, optarg); 393 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 394 } 395 break; 396 397 case 'I': 398 useicmp = _B_TRUE; 399 break; 400 401 case 'L': 402 flow = str2int(optarg, "flow label", 0, MAX_FLOW_LABEL); 403 break; 404 405 case 'm': 406 max_ttl = str2int(optarg, "max ttl(hop limit)", 1, 407 MAXTTL); 408 break; 409 410 case 'n': 411 nflag = _B_TRUE; 412 break; 413 414 case 'P': 415 pause = str2dbl(optarg, "pause", 0, INT_MAX); 416 delay.tv_sec = (time_t)pause; 417 delay.tv_usec = (suseconds_t)((pause - delay.tv_sec) * 418 1000000); 419 break; 420 421 case 'p': 422 port = str2int(optarg, "port", 1, MAX_PORT); 423 break; 424 425 case 'Q': 426 max_timeout = str2int(optarg, "max timeout", 1, -1); 427 break; 428 429 case 'q': 430 nprobes = str2int(optarg, "nprobes", 1, -1); 431 break; 432 433 case 'r': 434 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 435 break; 436 437 case 'S': 438 collect_stat = _B_TRUE; 439 break; 440 441 case 's': 442 /* 443 * set the ip source address of the outbound 444 * probe (e.g., on a multi-homed host). 445 */ 446 source_input = optarg; 447 break; 448 449 case 't': 450 tos = (uchar_t)str2int(optarg, "tos", 0, MAX_TOS); 451 settos = _B_TRUE; 452 break; 453 454 case 'v': 455 verbose = _B_TRUE; 456 break; 457 458 case 'x': 459 docksum = _B_FALSE; 460 break; 461 462 case 'w': 463 waittime = str2int(optarg, "wait time", 2, -1); 464 break; 465 466 default: 467 usage(); 468 break; 469 } 470 } 471 472 /* 473 * If it's probe_all, SIGQUIT makes traceroute exit(). But we set the 474 * address to jump back to in traceroute(). Until then, we'll need to 475 * temporarily specify one. 476 */ 477 if (probe_all) { 478 if ((longjmp_return = setjmp(env)) != 0) { 479 if (longjmp_return == SIGQUIT) { 480 Printf("(exiting)\n"); 481 exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); 482 } else { /* should never happen */ 483 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 484 } 485 } 486 (void) signal(SIGQUIT, sig_handler); 487 } 488 489 if ((gw_count > 0) && (options & SO_DONTROUTE)) { 490 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: loose source route gateways (-g)" 491 " cannot be specified when probe packets are sent" 492 " directly to a host on an attached network (-r)\n", 493 prog); 494 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 495 } 496 497 i = argc - optind; 498 if (i == 1 || i == 2) { 499 hostname = argv[optind]; 500 501 if (i == 2) { 502 /* accept any length now, we'll check it later */ 503 packlen_input = str2int(argv[optind + 1], 504 "packet length", 0, -1); 505 } 506 } else { 507 usage(); 508 } 509 510 if (first_ttl > max_ttl) { 511 Fprintf(stderr, 512 "%s: first ttl(hop limit) (%d) may not be greater" 513 " than max ttl(hop limit) (%d)\n", 514 prog, first_ttl, max_ttl); 515 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 516 } 517 518 /* resolve hostnames */ 519 resolve_nodes(&family_input, &ai_dst); 520 if (ai_dst == NULL) { 521 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 522 } 523 524 /* 525 * If it's probe_all, SIGINT makes traceroute skip to probing next IP 526 * address of the target. The new interrupt handler is assigned in 527 * traceroute() function. Until then let's ignore the signal. 528 */ 529 if (probe_all) 530 (void) signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 531 532 ident = (getpid() & 0xffff) | 0x8000; 533 534 /* 535 * We KNOW that probe_all == TRUE if family is AF_UNSPEC, 536 * since family is set to the specific AF found unless it's 537 * probe_all. So if family == AF_UNSPEC, we need to init pr4 and pr6. 538 */ 539 switch (family_input) { 540 case AF_UNSPEC: 541 pr4 = (struct pr_set *)malloc(sizeof (struct pr_set)); 542 if (pr4 == NULL) { 543 Fprintf(stderr, 544 "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 545 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 546 } 547 pr6 = (struct pr_set *)malloc(sizeof (struct pr_set)); 548 if (pr6 == NULL) { 549 Fprintf(stderr, 550 "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 551 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 552 } 553 setup_protocol(pr6, AF_INET6); 554 setup_protocol(pr4, AF_INET); 555 outip6 = (*pr6->set_buffers_fn)(pr6->packlen); 556 setup_socket(pr6, pr6->packlen); 557 558 outip4 = (*pr4->set_buffers_fn)(pr4->packlen); 559 setup_socket(pr4, pr4->packlen); 560 num_ifs6 = set_src_addr(pr6, &al6); 561 num_ifs4 = set_src_addr(pr4, &al4); 562 break; 563 case AF_INET6: 564 pr6 = (struct pr_set *)malloc(sizeof (struct pr_set)); 565 if (pr6 == NULL) { 566 Fprintf(stderr, 567 "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 568 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 569 } 570 setup_protocol(pr6, AF_INET6); 571 outip6 = (*pr6->set_buffers_fn)(pr6->packlen); 572 setup_socket(pr6, pr6->packlen); 573 num_ifs6 = set_src_addr(pr6, &al6); 574 break; 575 case AF_INET: 576 pr4 = (struct pr_set *)malloc(sizeof (struct pr_set)); 577 if (pr4 == NULL) { 578 Fprintf(stderr, 579 "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 580 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 581 } 582 setup_protocol(pr4, AF_INET); 583 outip4 = (*pr4->set_buffers_fn)(pr4->packlen); 584 setup_socket(pr4, pr4->packlen); 585 num_ifs4 = set_src_addr(pr4, &al4); 586 break; 587 default: 588 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknow address family.\n", prog); 589 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 590 } 591 592 if (num_v4 + num_v6 > 1 && !probe_all) { 593 if (ai_dst->ai_family == AF_INET) { 594 Fprintf(stderr, 595 "%s: Warning: %s has multiple addresses;" 596 " using %s\n", prog, hostname, 597 inet_ntop(AF_INET, 598 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 599 (void *)&((struct sockaddr_in *) 600 ai_dst->ai_addr)->sin_addr, 601 temp_buf, sizeof (temp_buf))); 602 } else { 603 Fprintf(stderr, 604 "%s: Warning: %s has multiple addresses;" 605 " using %s\n", prog, hostname, 606 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, 607 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 608 (void *)&((struct sockaddr_in6 *) 609 ai_dst->ai_addr)->sin6_addr, 610 temp_buf, sizeof (temp_buf))); 611 } 612 } 613 614 if (num_ifs4 + num_ifs6 > 0) { 615 trace_it(ai_dst); 616 probing_successful = _B_TRUE; 617 } 618 619 (void) close(rcvsock4); 620 (void) close(sndsock4); 621 (void) close(rcvsock6); 622 (void) close(sndsock6); 623 624 /* 625 * if we could probe any of the IP addresses of the target, that means 626 * this was a successful operation 627 */ 628 if (probing_successful) 629 return (EXIT_SUCCESS); 630 else 631 return (EXIT_FAILURE); 632 } 633 634 /* 635 * print "unknown host" message 636 */ 637 static void 638 print_unknown_host_msg(const char *protocol, const char *host) 639 { 640 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown%s host %s\n", prog, protocol, host); 641 } 642 643 /* 644 * resolve destination host and gateways 645 */ 646 static void 647 resolve_nodes(int *family, struct addrinfo **ai_dstp) 648 { 649 struct addrinfo *ai_dst = NULL; 650 struct addrinfo *aip = NULL; 651 int num_resolved_gw = 0; 652 int num_resolved_gw6 = 0; 653 654 get_hostinfo(hostname, *family, &ai_dst); 655 if (ai_dst == NULL) { 656 print_unknown_host_msg("", hostname); 657 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 658 } 659 /* Get a count of the v4 & v6 addresses */ 660 for (aip = ai_dst; aip != NULL; aip = aip->ai_next) { 661 switch (aip->ai_family) { 662 case AF_INET: 663 num_v4++; 664 break; 665 case AF_INET6: 666 num_v6++; 667 break; 668 } 669 } 670 671 if (*family == AF_UNSPEC && !probe_all) { 672 *family = ai_dst->ai_family; 673 } 674 675 /* resolve gateways */ 676 if (gw_count > 0) { 677 get_gwaddrs(gwlist, *family, gwIPlist, gwIP6list, 678 &num_resolved_gw, &num_resolved_gw6); 679 680 /* we couldn't resolve a gateway as an IPv6 host */ 681 if (num_resolved_gw6 != gw_count && num_v6 != 0) { 682 if (*family == AF_INET6 || *family == AF_UNSPEC) 683 print_unknown_host_msg(" IPv6", 684 gwlist[num_resolved_gw6]); 685 num_v6 = 0; 686 } 687 688 /* we couldn't resolve a gateway as an IPv4 host */ 689 if (num_resolved_gw != gw_count && num_v4 != 0) { 690 if (*family == AF_INET || *family == AF_UNSPEC) 691 print_unknown_host_msg(" IPv4", 692 gwlist[num_resolved_gw]); 693 num_v4 = 0; 694 } 695 } 696 697 *ai_dstp = (num_v4 + num_v6 > 0) ? ai_dst : NULL; 698 } 699 700 /* 701 * Given IP address or hostname, return v4 and v6 hostinfo lists. 702 * Assumes that hostinfo ** ptrs are non-null. 703 */ 704 static void 705 get_hostinfo(char *host, int family, struct addrinfo **aipp) 706 { 707 struct addrinfo hints, *ai; 708 struct in6_addr addr6; 709 struct in_addr addr; 710 char temp_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN]; /* use for inet_ntop() */ 711 int rc; 712 713 /* 714 * Take care of v4-mapped addresses. It should run same as v4, after 715 * chopping off the prefix, leaving the IPv4 address 716 */ 717 if ((inet_pton(AF_INET6, host, &addr6) > 0) && 718 IN6_IS_ADDR_V4MAPPED(&addr6)) { 719 /* peel off the "mapping" stuff, leaving 32 bit IPv4 address */ 720 IN6_V4MAPPED_TO_INADDR(&addr6, &addr); 721 722 /* convert it back to a string */ 723 (void) inet_ntop(AF_INET, (void *)&addr, temp_buf, 724 sizeof (temp_buf)); 725 726 /* now the host is an IPv4 address */ 727 (void) strcpy(host, temp_buf); 728 729 /* 730 * If it's a mapped address, we convert it into IPv4 731 * address because traceroute will send and receive IPv4 732 * packets for that address. Therefore, it's a failure case to 733 * ask get_hostinfo() to treat a mapped address as an IPv6 734 * address. 735 */ 736 if (family == AF_INET6) { 737 return; 738 } 739 } 740 741 (void) memset(&hints, 0, sizeof (hints)); 742 hints.ai_family = family; 743 hints.ai_flags = AI_ADDRCONFIG | AI_CANONNAME; 744 rc = getaddrinfo(host, NULL, &hints, &ai); 745 if (rc != 0) { 746 if (rc != EAI_NONAME) 747 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: getaddrinfo: %s\n", prog, 748 gai_strerror(rc)); 749 *aipp = NULL; 750 return; 751 } 752 *aipp = ai; 753 } 754 755 /* 756 * Calculate the packet length to be used, and check against the valid range. 757 * Returns -1 if range check fails. 758 */ 759 static uint_t 760 calc_packetlen(int plen_input, struct pr_set *pr) 761 { 762 int minpacket; /* min ip packet size */ 763 int optlen; /* length of ip options */ 764 int plen; 765 766 /* 767 * LBNL bug fixed: miscalculation of optlen 768 */ 769 if (gw_count > 0) { 770 /* 771 * IPv4: 772 * ---- 773 * 5 (NO OPs) + 3 (code, len, ptr) + gateways 774 * IP options field can hold up to 9 gateways. But the API 775 * allows you to specify only 8, because the last one is the 776 * destination host. When this packet is sent, on the wire 777 * you see one gateway replaced by 4 NO OPs. The other 1 NO 778 * OP is for alignment 779 * 780 * IPv6: 781 * ---- 782 * Well, formula is different, but the result is same. 783 * 8 byte fixed part for Type 0 Routing header, followed by 784 * gateway addresses 785 */ 786 optlen = 8 + gw_count * pr->addr_len; 787 } else { 788 optlen = 0; 789 } 790 791 /* take care of the packet length calculations and checks */ 792 minpacket = pr->ip_hdr_len + sizeof (struct outdata) + optlen; 793 if (useicmp) 794 minpacket += pr->icmp_minlen; /* minimum ICMP header size */ 795 else 796 minpacket += sizeof (struct udphdr); 797 plen = plen_input; 798 if (plen == 0) { 799 plen = minpacket; /* minimum sized packet */ 800 } else if (minpacket > plen || plen > IP_MAXPACKET) { 801 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s packet size must be >= %d and <= %d\n", 802 prog, pr->name, minpacket, IP_MAXPACKET); 803 return (0); 804 } 805 806 return (plen); 807 } 808 809 /* 810 * Sets the source address by resolving -i and -s arguments, or if -i and -s 811 * don't dictate any, it sets the pick_src to make sure traceroute uses the 812 * kernel's pick of the source address. 813 * Returns number of interfaces configured on the source host, 0 on error or 814 * there's no interface which is up amd not a loopback. 815 */ 816 static int 817 set_src_addr(struct pr_set *pr, struct ifaddrlist **alp) 818 { 819 union any_in_addr *ap; 820 struct ifaddrlist *al = NULL; 821 struct ifaddrlist *tmp1_al = NULL; 822 struct ifaddrlist *tmp2_al = NULL; 823 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 824 struct sockaddr_in *sin_from = (struct sockaddr_in *)pr->from; 825 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 826 struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6_from = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)pr->from; 827 struct addrinfo *aip; 828 char errbuf[ERRBUFSIZE]; 829 char temp_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN]; /* use for inet_ntop() */ 830 int num_ifs; /* all the interfaces */ 831 int num_src_ifs; /* exclude loopback and down */ 832 int i; 833 834 source = source_input; 835 836 /* get the interface address list */ 837 num_ifs = ifaddrlist(&al, pr->family, errbuf); 838 if (num_ifs < 0) { 839 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: ifaddrlist: %s\n", prog, errbuf); 840 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 841 } 842 843 num_src_ifs = 0; 844 for (i = 0; i < num_ifs; i++) { 845 if (!(al[i].flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) && (al[i].flags & IFF_UP)) 846 num_src_ifs++; 847 } 848 849 if (num_src_ifs == 0) { 850 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't find any %s network interfaces\n", 851 prog, pr->name); 852 return (0); 853 } 854 855 /* verify the device */ 856 if (device != NULL) { 857 tmp1_al = find_device(al, num_ifs, device); 858 859 if (tmp1_al == NULL) { 860 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s (index %d) is an invalid %s" 861 " interface\n", prog, device, if_index, pr->name); 862 free(al); 863 return (0); 864 } 865 } 866 867 /* verify the source address */ 868 if (source != NULL) { 869 get_hostinfo(source, pr->family, &aip); 870 if (aip == NULL) { 871 Fprintf(stderr, 872 "%s: %s is an invalid %s source address\n", 873 prog, source, pr->name); 874 875 free(al); 876 return (0); 877 } 878 879 source = aip->ai_canonname; 880 881 if (pr->family == AF_INET) 882 ap = (union any_in_addr *) 883 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 884 &((struct sockaddr_in *) 885 aip->ai_addr)->sin_addr; 886 else 887 ap = (union any_in_addr *) 888 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 889 &((struct sockaddr_in6 *) 890 aip->ai_addr)->sin6_addr; 891 892 /* 893 * LBNL bug fixed: used to accept any src address 894 */ 895 tmp2_al = find_ifaddr(al, num_ifs, ap, pr->family); 896 897 if (tmp2_al == NULL) { 898 Fprintf(stderr, 899 "%s: %s is not a local %s address\n", 900 prog, inet_ntop(pr->family, ap, 901 temp_buf, sizeof (temp_buf)), 902 pr->name); 903 904 free(al); 905 freeaddrinfo(aip); 906 return (0); 907 } 908 } 909 910 pick_src = _B_FALSE; 911 912 if (source == NULL) { /* no -s used */ 913 if (device == NULL) { /* no -i used, no -s used */ 914 pick_src = _B_TRUE; 915 } else { /* -i used, no -s used */ 916 /* 917 * -i used, but not -s, and it's IPv4: set the source 918 * address to whatever the interface has configured on 919 * it. 920 */ 921 if (pr->family == AF_INET) 922 set_sin(pr->from, &(tmp1_al->addr), pr->family); 923 else 924 pick_src = _B_TRUE; 925 } 926 } else { /* -s used */ 927 if (device == NULL) { /* no -i used, -s used */ 928 set_sin(pr->from, ap, pr->family); 929 930 if (aip->ai_next != NULL) { 931 Fprintf(stderr, 932 "%s: Warning: %s has multiple " 933 "addresses; using %s\n", 934 prog, source, 935 inet_ntop(pr->family, 936 (const void *)pr->from_sin_addr, 937 temp_buf, sizeof (temp_buf))); 938 } 939 } else { /* -i and -s used */ 940 /* 941 * Make sure the source specified matches the 942 * interface address. You only care about this for IPv4 943 * IPv6 can handle IF not matching src address 944 */ 945 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 946 if (!has_addr(aip, &tmp1_al->addr)) { 947 Fprintf(stderr, 948 "%s: %s is not on interface %s\n", 949 prog, source, device); 950 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 951 } 952 /* 953 * make sure we use the one matching the 954 * interface's address 955 */ 956 *ap = tmp1_al->addr; 957 } 958 959 set_sin(pr->from, ap, pr->family); 960 } 961 } 962 963 /* 964 * Binding at this point will set the source address to be used 965 * for both IPv4 (when raw IP datagrams are not required) and 966 * IPv6. If the address being bound to is zero, then the kernel 967 * will end up choosing the source address when the datagram is 968 * sent. 969 * 970 * For raw IPv4 datagrams, the source address is initialized 971 * within traceroute() along with the outbound destination 972 * address. 973 */ 974 if (pr->family == AF_INET && !raw_req) { 975 sin_from->sin_family = AF_INET; 976 sin_from->sin_port = htons(ident); 977 if (bind(sndsock4, (struct sockaddr *)pr->from, 978 sizeof (struct sockaddr_in)) < 0) { 979 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: bind: %s\n", prog, 980 strerror(errno)); 981 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 982 } 983 } else if (pr->family == AF_INET6) { 984 sin6_from->sin6_family = AF_INET6; 985 sin6_from->sin6_port = htons(ident); 986 if (bind(sndsock6, (struct sockaddr *)pr->from, 987 sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6)) < 0) { 988 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: bind: %s\n", prog, 989 strerror(errno)); 990 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 991 } 992 993 whereto6.sin6_flowinfo = htonl((class << 20) | flow); 994 } 995 *alp = al; 996 return (num_ifs); 997 } 998 999 /* 1000 * Returns the complete ifaddrlist structure matching the desired interface 1001 * address. Ignores interfaces which are either down or loopback. 1002 */ 1003 static struct ifaddrlist * 1004 find_ifaddr(struct ifaddrlist *al, int len, union any_in_addr *addr, 1005 int family) 1006 { 1007 struct ifaddrlist *tmp_al = al; 1008 int i; 1009 size_t addr_len = (family == AF_INET) ? sizeof (struct in_addr) : 1010 sizeof (struct in6_addr); 1011 1012 for (i = 0; i < len; i++, tmp_al++) { 1013 if ((!(tmp_al->flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) && 1014 (tmp_al->flags & IFF_UP)) && 1015 (memcmp(&tmp_al->addr, addr, addr_len) == 0)) 1016 break; 1017 } 1018 1019 if (i < len) { 1020 return (tmp_al); 1021 } else { 1022 return (NULL); 1023 } 1024 } 1025 1026 /* 1027 * Returns the complete ifaddrlist structure matching the desired interface name 1028 * Ignores interfaces which are either down or loopback. 1029 */ 1030 static struct ifaddrlist * 1031 find_device(struct ifaddrlist *al, int len, char *device) 1032 { 1033 struct ifaddrlist *tmp_al = al; 1034 int i; 1035 1036 for (i = 0; i < len; i++, tmp_al++) { 1037 if ((!(tmp_al->flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) && 1038 (tmp_al->flags & IFF_UP)) && 1039 (strcmp(tmp_al->device, device) == 0)) 1040 break; 1041 } 1042 1043 if (i < len) { 1044 return (tmp_al); 1045 } else { 1046 return (NULL); 1047 } 1048 } 1049 1050 /* 1051 * returns _B_TRUE if given hostinfo contains the given address 1052 */ 1053 static boolean_t 1054 has_addr(struct addrinfo *ai, union any_in_addr *addr) 1055 { 1056 struct addrinfo *ai_tmp = NULL; 1057 union any_in_addr *ap; 1058 1059 for (ai_tmp = ai; ai_tmp != NULL; ai_tmp = ai_tmp->ai_next) { 1060 if (ai_tmp->ai_family == AF_INET6) 1061 continue; 1062 ap = (union any_in_addr *) 1063 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1064 &((struct sockaddr_in *)ai_tmp->ai_addr)->sin_addr; 1065 if (memcmp(ap, addr, sizeof (struct in_addr)) == 0) 1066 break; 1067 } 1068 1069 if (ai_tmp != NULL) { 1070 return (_B_TRUE); 1071 } else { 1072 return (_B_FALSE); 1073 } 1074 } 1075 1076 /* 1077 * Resolve the gateway names, splitting results into v4 and v6 lists. 1078 * Gateway addresses are added to the appropriate passed-in array; the 1079 * number of resolved gateways for each af is returned in resolved[6]. 1080 * Assumes that passed-in arrays are large enough for MAX_GWS[6] addrs 1081 * and resolved[6] ptrs are non-null; ignores array and counter if the 1082 * address family param makes them irrelevant. 1083 */ 1084 static void 1085 get_gwaddrs(char **gwlist, int family, union any_in_addr *gwIPlist, 1086 union any_in_addr *gwIPlist6, int *resolved, int *resolved6) 1087 { 1088 int i; 1089 boolean_t check_v4 = _B_TRUE, check_v6 = _B_TRUE; 1090 struct addrinfo *ai = NULL; 1091 struct addrinfo *aip = NULL; 1092 1093 *resolved = *resolved6 = 0; 1094 switch (family) { 1095 case AF_UNSPEC: 1096 break; 1097 case AF_INET: 1098 check_v6 = _B_FALSE; 1099 break; 1100 case AF_INET6: 1101 check_v4 = _B_FALSE; 1102 break; 1103 default: 1104 return; 1105 } 1106 1107 if (check_v4 && gw_count >= MAX_GWS) { 1108 check_v4 = _B_FALSE; 1109 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: too many IPv4 gateways\n", prog); 1110 num_v4 = 0; 1111 } 1112 if (check_v6 && gw_count >= MAX_GWS6) { 1113 check_v6 = _B_FALSE; 1114 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: too many IPv6 gateways\n", prog); 1115 num_v6 = 0; 1116 } 1117 1118 for (i = 0; i < gw_count; i++) { 1119 if (!check_v4 && !check_v6) 1120 return; 1121 get_hostinfo(gwlist[i], family, &ai); 1122 if (ai == NULL) 1123 return; 1124 if (check_v4 && num_v4 != 0) { 1125 check_v4 = _B_FALSE; 1126 for (aip = ai; aip != NULL; aip = aip->ai_next) { 1127 if (aip->ai_family == AF_INET) { 1128 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1129 bcopy(&((struct sockaddr_in *) 1130 aip->ai_addr)->sin_addr, 1131 &gwIPlist[i].addr, 1132 aip->ai_addrlen); 1133 (*resolved)++; 1134 check_v4 = _B_TRUE; 1135 break; 1136 } 1137 } 1138 } else if (check_v4) { 1139 check_v4 = _B_FALSE; 1140 } 1141 if (check_v6 && num_v6 != 0) { 1142 check_v6 = _B_FALSE; 1143 for (aip = ai; aip != NULL; aip = aip->ai_next) { 1144 if (aip->ai_family == AF_INET6) { 1145 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1146 bcopy(&((struct sockaddr_in6 *) 1147 aip->ai_addr)->sin6_addr, 1148 &gwIPlist6[i].addr6, 1149 aip->ai_addrlen); 1150 (*resolved6)++; 1151 check_v6 = _B_TRUE; 1152 break; 1153 } 1154 } 1155 } else if (check_v6) { 1156 check_v6 = _B_FALSE; 1157 } 1158 } 1159 freeaddrinfo(ai); 1160 } 1161 1162 /* 1163 * set protocol specific values here 1164 */ 1165 static void 1166 setup_protocol(struct pr_set *pr, int family) 1167 { 1168 /* 1169 * Set the global variables for each AF. This is going to save us lots 1170 * of "if (family == AF_INET)... else .." 1171 */ 1172 pr->family = family; 1173 1174 if (family == AF_INET) { 1175 if (!docksum) { 1176 Fprintf(stderr, 1177 "%s: Warning: checksums disabled\n", prog); 1178 } 1179 (void) strcpy(pr->name, "IPv4"); 1180 (void) strcpy(pr->icmp, "icmp"); 1181 pr->icmp_minlen = ICMP_MINLEN; 1182 pr->addr_len = sizeof (struct in_addr); 1183 pr->ip_hdr_len = sizeof (struct ip); 1184 pr->sock_size = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in); 1185 pr->to = (struct sockaddr *)&whereto; 1186 pr->from = (struct sockaddr *)&wherefrom; 1187 pr->from_sin_addr = (void *)&wherefrom.sin_addr; 1188 pr->gwIPlist = gwIPlist; 1189 pr->set_buffers_fn = set_buffers; 1190 pr->check_reply_fn = check_reply; 1191 pr->print_icmp_other_fn = print_icmp_other; 1192 pr->print_addr_fn = print_addr; 1193 pr->packlen = calc_packetlen(packlen_input, pr); 1194 } else { 1195 (void) strcpy(pr->name, "IPv6"); 1196 (void) strcpy(pr->icmp, "ipv6-icmp"); 1197 pr->icmp_minlen = ICMP6_MINLEN; 1198 pr->addr_len = sizeof (struct in6_addr); 1199 pr->ip_hdr_len = sizeof (struct ip6_hdr); 1200 pr->sock_size = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6); 1201 pr->to = (struct sockaddr *)&whereto6; 1202 pr->from = (struct sockaddr *)&wherefrom6; 1203 pr->from_sin_addr = (void *)&wherefrom6.sin6_addr; 1204 pr->gwIPlist = gwIP6list; 1205 pr->set_buffers_fn = set_buffers6; 1206 pr->check_reply_fn = check_reply6; 1207 pr->print_icmp_other_fn = print_icmp_other6; 1208 pr->print_addr_fn = print_addr6; 1209 pr->packlen = calc_packetlen(packlen_input, pr); 1210 } 1211 if (pr->packlen == 0) 1212 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1213 } 1214 1215 /* 1216 * setup the sockets for the given protocol's address family 1217 */ 1218 static void 1219 setup_socket(struct pr_set *pr, int packet_len) 1220 { 1221 int on = 1; 1222 struct protoent *pe; 1223 int type; 1224 int proto; 1225 int int_op; 1226 int rsock; 1227 int ssock; 1228 1229 if ((pe = getprotobyname(pr->icmp)) == NULL) { 1230 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown protocol %s\n", prog, pr->icmp); 1231 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1232 } 1233 1234 /* privilege bracketing */ 1235 (void) __priv_bracket(PRIV_ON); 1236 1237 if ((rsock = socket(pr->family, SOCK_RAW, pe->p_proto)) < 0) { 1238 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: icmp socket: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 1239 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1240 } 1241 1242 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 1243 if (setsockopt(rsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&on, 1244 sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1245 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_DEBUG: %s\n", prog, 1246 strerror(errno)); 1247 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1248 } 1249 } 1250 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 1251 if (setsockopt(rsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&on, 1252 sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1253 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_DONTROUTE: %s\n", prog, 1254 strerror(errno)); 1255 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1256 } 1257 } 1258 1259 if (pr->family == AF_INET6) { 1260 /* Enable receipt of destination address info */ 1261 if (setsockopt(rsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPKTINFO, 1262 (char *)&on, sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1263 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IPV6_RECVPKTINFO: %s\n", prog, 1264 strerror(errno)); 1265 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1266 } 1267 /* Enable receipt of hoplimit info */ 1268 if (setsockopt(rsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT, 1269 (char *)&on, sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1270 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT: %s\n", prog, 1271 strerror(errno)); 1272 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1273 } 1274 1275 } 1276 1277 /* 1278 * Initialize the socket type and protocol based on the address 1279 * family, whether or not a raw IP socket is required (for IPv4) 1280 * or whether ICMP will be used instead of UDP. 1281 * 1282 * For historical reasons, the datagrams sent out by 1283 * traceroute(1M) do not have the "don't fragment" flag set. For 1284 * this reason as well as the ability to set the Loose Source and 1285 * Record Route (LSRR) option, a raw IP socket will be used for 1286 * IPv4 when run in the global zone. Otherwise, the actual 1287 * datagram that will be sent will be a regular UDP or ICMP echo 1288 * request packet. However for convenience and for future options 1289 * when other IP header information may be specified using 1290 * traceroute, the buffer including the raw IP and UDP or ICMP 1291 * header is always filled in. When the probe is actually sent, 1292 * the size of the request and the start of the packet is set 1293 * according to the type of datagram to send. 1294 */ 1295 if (pr->family == AF_INET && raw_req) { 1296 type = SOCK_RAW; 1297 proto = IPPROTO_RAW; 1298 } else if (useicmp) { 1299 type = SOCK_RAW; 1300 if (pr->family == AF_INET) 1301 proto = IPPROTO_ICMP; 1302 else 1303 proto = IPPROTO_ICMPV6; 1304 } else { 1305 type = SOCK_DGRAM; 1306 proto = IPPROTO_UDP; 1307 } 1308 ssock = socket(pr->family, type, proto); 1309 1310 if (ssock < 0) { 1311 if (proto == IPPROTO_RAW) { 1312 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: raw socket: %s\n", prog, 1313 strerror(errno)); 1314 } else if (proto == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1315 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: udp socket: %s\n", prog, 1316 strerror(errno)); 1317 } else { 1318 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: icmp socket: %s\n", prog, 1319 strerror(errno)); 1320 } 1321 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1322 } 1323 1324 if (setsockopt(ssock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&packet_len, 1325 sizeof (packet_len)) < 0) { 1326 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_SNDBUF: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 1327 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1328 } 1329 1330 if (pr->family == AF_INET && raw_req) { 1331 if (setsockopt(ssock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, (char *)&on, 1332 sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1333 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IP_HDRINCL: %s\n", prog, 1334 strerror(errno)); 1335 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1336 } 1337 } 1338 1339 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 1340 if (setsockopt(ssock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&on, 1341 sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1342 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_DEBUG: %s\n", prog, 1343 strerror(errno)); 1344 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1345 } 1346 } 1347 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 1348 if (setsockopt(ssock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 1349 (char *)&on, sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1350 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_DONTROUTE: %s\n", prog, 1351 strerror(errno)); 1352 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1353 } 1354 } 1355 1356 /* 1357 * If a raw IPv4 packet is going to be sent, the Type of Service 1358 * field in the packet will be initialized in set_buffers(). 1359 * Otherwise, it is initialized here using the IPPROTO_IP level 1360 * socket option. 1361 */ 1362 if (settos && !raw_req) { 1363 int_op = tos; 1364 if (setsockopt(ssock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS, (char *)&int_op, 1365 sizeof (int_op)) < 0) { 1366 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IP_TOS: %s\n", prog, 1367 strerror(errno)); 1368 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1369 } 1370 } 1371 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 1372 rcvsock4 = rsock; 1373 sndsock4 = ssock; 1374 } else { 1375 rcvsock6 = rsock; 1376 sndsock6 = ssock; 1377 } 1378 /* Revert to non-privileged user after configuring sockets */ 1379 (void) __priv_bracket(PRIV_OFF); 1380 } 1381 1382 /* 1383 * If we are "probing all", this function calls traceroute() for each IP address 1384 * of the target, otherwise calls only once. Returns _B_FALSE if traceroute() 1385 * fails. 1386 */ 1387 static void 1388 trace_it(struct addrinfo *ai_dst) 1389 { 1390 struct msghdr msg6; 1391 int num_dst_IPaddrs; 1392 struct addrinfo *aip; 1393 int i; 1394 1395 if (!probe_all) 1396 num_dst_IPaddrs = 1; 1397 else 1398 num_dst_IPaddrs = num_v4 + num_v6; 1399 1400 /* 1401 * Initialize the msg6 structure using the hoplimit for the first 1402 * probe packet, gateway addresses and the outgoing interface index. 1403 */ 1404 if (ai_dst->ai_family == AF_INET6 || (probe_all && num_v6)) { 1405 msg6.msg_control = NULL; 1406 msg6.msg_controllen = 0; 1407 set_ancillary_data(&msg6, first_ttl, pr6->gwIPlist, gw_count, 1408 if_index); 1409 } 1410 1411 /* run traceroute for all the IP addresses of the multihomed dest */ 1412 for (aip = ai_dst, i = 0; i < num_dst_IPaddrs && aip != NULL; i++) { 1413 union any_in_addr *addrp; 1414 if (aip->ai_family == AF_INET) { 1415 addrp = (union any_in_addr *) 1416 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1417 &((struct sockaddr_in *) 1418 aip->ai_addr)->sin_addr; 1419 set_sin((struct sockaddr *)pr4->to, addrp, 1420 aip->ai_family); 1421 traceroute(addrp, &msg6, pr4, num_ifs4, al4); 1422 } else { 1423 addrp = (union any_in_addr *) 1424 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1425 &((struct sockaddr_in6 *) 1426 aip->ai_addr)->sin6_addr; 1427 set_sin((struct sockaddr *)pr6->to, addrp, 1428 aip->ai_family); 1429 traceroute(addrp, &msg6, pr6, num_ifs6, al6); 1430 } 1431 aip = aip->ai_next; 1432 if (i < (num_dst_IPaddrs - 1)) 1433 (void) putchar('\n'); 1434 } 1435 } 1436 1437 /* 1438 * set the IP address in a sockaddr struct 1439 */ 1440 static void 1441 set_sin(struct sockaddr *sock, union any_in_addr *addr, int family) 1442 { 1443 sock->sa_family = family; 1444 1445 if (family == AF_INET) 1446 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1447 ((struct sockaddr_in *)sock)->sin_addr = addr->addr; 1448 else 1449 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1450 ((struct sockaddr_in6 *)sock)->sin6_addr = addr->addr6; 1451 } 1452 1453 /* 1454 * returns the IF name on which the given IP address is configured 1455 */ 1456 static char * 1457 device_name(struct ifaddrlist *al, int len, union any_in_addr *ip_addr, 1458 struct pr_set *pr) 1459 { 1460 int i; 1461 struct ifaddrlist *tmp_al; 1462 1463 tmp_al = al; 1464 1465 for (i = 0; i < len; i++, tmp_al++) { 1466 if (memcmp(&tmp_al->addr, ip_addr, pr->addr_len) == 0) { 1467 return (tmp_al->device); 1468 } 1469 } 1470 1471 return (NULL); 1472 } 1473 1474 /* 1475 * Trace the route to the host with given IP address. 1476 */ 1477 static void 1478 traceroute(union any_in_addr *ip_addr, struct msghdr *msg6, struct pr_set *pr, 1479 int num_ifs, struct ifaddrlist *al) 1480 { 1481 int ttl; 1482 int probe; 1483 uchar_t type; /* icmp type */ 1484 uchar_t code; /* icmp code */ 1485 int reply; 1486 int seq = 0; 1487 char temp_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN]; /* use for inet_ntop() */ 1488 int longjmp_return; /* return value from longjump */ 1489 struct ip *ip = (struct ip *)packet; 1490 boolean_t got_there = _B_FALSE; /* we hit the destination */ 1491 static boolean_t first_pkt = _B_TRUE; 1492 int hoplimit; /* hoplimit for IPv6 packets */ 1493 struct in6_addr addr6; 1494 int num_src_ifs; /* excludes down and loopback */ 1495 struct msghdr in_msg; 1496 struct iovec iov; 1497 int *intp; 1498 int sndsock; 1499 int rcvsock; 1500 1501 msg6->msg_name = pr->to; 1502 msg6->msg_namelen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6); 1503 sndsock = (pr->family == AF_INET) ? sndsock4 : sndsock6; 1504 rcvsock = (pr->family == AF_INET) ? rcvsock4 : rcvsock6; 1505 1506 /* carry out the source address selection */ 1507 if (pick_src) { 1508 union any_in_addr src_addr; 1509 char *dev_name; 1510 int i; 1511 1512 /* 1513 * If there's a gateway, a routing header as a consequence, our 1514 * kernel picks the source address based on the first hop 1515 * address, rather than final destination address. 1516 */ 1517 if (gw_count > 0) { 1518 (void) select_src_addr(pr->gwIPlist, &src_addr, 1519 pr->family); 1520 } else { 1521 (void) select_src_addr(ip_addr, &src_addr, pr->family); 1522 } 1523 set_sin(pr->from, &src_addr, pr->family); 1524 1525 /* filter out down and loopback interfaces */ 1526 num_src_ifs = 0; 1527 for (i = 0; i < num_ifs; i++) { 1528 if (!(al[i].flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) && 1529 (al[i].flags & IFF_UP)) 1530 num_src_ifs++; 1531 } 1532 1533 if (num_src_ifs > 1) { 1534 dev_name = device_name(al, num_ifs, &src_addr, pr); 1535 if (dev_name == NULL) 1536 dev_name = "?"; 1537 1538 Fprintf(stderr, 1539 "%s: Warning: Multiple interfaces found;" 1540 " using %s @ %s\n", 1541 prog, inet_ntop(pr->family, 1542 (const void *)pr->from_sin_addr, 1543 temp_buf, sizeof (temp_buf)), 1544 dev_name); 1545 } 1546 } 1547 1548 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 1549 outip4->ip_src = *(struct in_addr *)pr->from_sin_addr; 1550 outip4->ip_dst = ip_addr->addr; 1551 } 1552 1553 /* 1554 * If the hostname is an IPv6 literal address, let's not print it twice. 1555 */ 1556 if (pr->family == AF_INET6 && 1557 inet_pton(AF_INET6, hostname, &addr6) > 0) { 1558 Fprintf(stderr, "%s to %s", prog, hostname); 1559 } else { 1560 Fprintf(stderr, "%s to %s (%s)", prog, hostname, 1561 inet_ntop(pr->family, (const void *)ip_addr, temp_buf, 1562 sizeof (temp_buf))); 1563 } 1564 1565 if (source) 1566 Fprintf(stderr, " from %s", source); 1567 Fprintf(stderr, ", %d hops max, %d byte packets\n", max_ttl, 1568 pr->packlen); 1569 (void) fflush(stderr); 1570 1571 /* 1572 * Setup the source routing for IPv4. For IPv6, we did the required 1573 * setup in the caller function, trace_it(), because it's independent 1574 * from the IP address of target. 1575 */ 1576 if (pr->family == AF_INET && gw_count > 0) 1577 set_IPv4opt_sourcerouting(sndsock, ip_addr, pr->gwIPlist); 1578 1579 if (probe_all) { 1580 /* interrupt handler sig_handler() jumps back to here */ 1581 if ((longjmp_return = setjmp(env)) != 0) { 1582 switch (longjmp_return) { 1583 case SIGINT: 1584 Printf("(skipping)\n"); 1585 return; 1586 case SIGQUIT: 1587 Printf("(exiting)\n"); 1588 exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); 1589 default: /* should never happen */ 1590 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1591 } 1592 } 1593 (void) signal(SIGINT, sig_handler); 1594 } 1595 1596 for (ttl = first_ttl; ttl <= max_ttl; ++ttl) { 1597 union any_in_addr lastaddr; 1598 int timeouts = 0; 1599 double rtt; /* for statistics */ 1600 int nreceived = 0; 1601 double rttmin, rttmax; 1602 double rttsum, rttssq; 1603 int unreachable; 1604 1605 got_there = _B_FALSE; 1606 unreachable = 0; 1607 1608 /* 1609 * The following line clears both IPv4 and IPv6 address stored 1610 * in the union. 1611 */ 1612 lastaddr.addr6 = in6addr_any; 1613 1614 if ((ttl == (first_ttl + 1)) && (options & SO_DONTROUTE)) { 1615 Fprintf(stderr, 1616 "%s: host %s is not on a directly-attached" 1617 " network\n", prog, hostname); 1618 break; 1619 } 1620 1621 Printf("%2d ", ttl); 1622 (void) fflush(stdout); 1623 1624 for (probe = 0; (probe < nprobes) && (timeouts < max_timeout); 1625 ++probe) { 1626 int cc; 1627 struct timeval t1, t2; 1628 1629 /* 1630 * Put a delay before sending this probe packet. Don't 1631 * delay it if it's the very first packet. 1632 */ 1633 if (!first_pkt) { 1634 if (delay.tv_sec > 0) 1635 (void) sleep((uint_t)delay.tv_sec); 1636 if (delay.tv_usec > 0) 1637 (void) usleep(delay.tv_usec); 1638 } else { 1639 first_pkt = _B_FALSE; 1640 } 1641 1642 (void) gettimeofday(&t1, NULL); 1643 1644 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 1645 send_probe(sndsock, pr->to, outip4, seq, ttl, 1646 &t1, pr->packlen); 1647 } else { 1648 send_probe6(sndsock, msg6, outip6, seq, ttl, 1649 &t1, pr->packlen); 1650 } 1651 1652 /* prepare msghdr for recvmsg() */ 1653 in_msg.msg_name = pr->from; 1654 in_msg.msg_namelen = pr->sock_size; 1655 1656 iov.iov_base = (char *)packet; 1657 iov.iov_len = sizeof (packet); 1658 1659 in_msg.msg_iov = &iov; 1660 in_msg.msg_iovlen = 1; 1661 1662 in_msg.msg_control = ancillary_data; 1663 in_msg.msg_controllen = sizeof (ancillary_data); 1664 1665 while ((cc = wait_for_reply(rcvsock, &in_msg, 1666 &t1)) != 0) { 1667 (void) gettimeofday(&t2, NULL); 1668 1669 reply = (*pr->check_reply_fn) (&in_msg, cc, seq, 1670 &type, &code); 1671 1672 in_msg.msg_controllen = 1673 sizeof (ancillary_data); 1674 /* Skip short packet */ 1675 if (reply == REPLY_SHORT_PKT) { 1676 continue; 1677 } 1678 1679 timeouts = 0; 1680 1681 /* 1682 * if reply comes from a different host, print 1683 * the hostname 1684 */ 1685 if (memcmp(pr->from_sin_addr, &lastaddr, 1686 pr->addr_len) != 0) { 1687 (*pr->print_addr_fn) ((uchar_t *)packet, 1688 cc, pr->from); 1689 /* store the address response */ 1690 (void) memcpy(&lastaddr, 1691 pr->from_sin_addr, pr->addr_len); 1692 } 1693 1694 rtt = deltaT(&t1, &t2); 1695 if (collect_stat) { 1696 record_stats(rtt, &nreceived, &rttmin, 1697 &rttmax, &rttsum, &rttssq); 1698 } else { 1699 Printf(" %.3f ms", rtt); 1700 } 1701 1702 if (pr->family == AF_INET6) { 1703 intp = 1704 (int *)find_ancillary_data(&in_msg, 1705 IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_HOPLIMIT); 1706 if (intp == NULL) { 1707 Fprintf(stderr, 1708 "%s: can't find " 1709 "IPV6_HOPLIMIT ancillary " 1710 "data\n", prog); 1711 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1712 } 1713 hoplimit = *intp; 1714 } 1715 1716 if (reply == REPLY_GOT_TARGET) { 1717 got_there = _B_TRUE; 1718 1719 if (((pr->family == AF_INET) && 1720 (ip->ip_ttl <= 1)) || 1721 ((pr->family == AF_INET6) && 1722 (hoplimit <= 1))) 1723 Printf(" !"); 1724 } 1725 1726 if (!collect_stat && showttl) { 1727 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 1728 Printf(" (ttl=%d)", 1729 (int)ip->ip_ttl); 1730 } else if (hoplimit != -1) { 1731 Printf(" (hop limit=%d)", 1732 hoplimit); 1733 } 1734 } 1735 1736 if (reply == REPLY_GOT_OTHER) { 1737 if ((*pr->print_icmp_other_fn) 1738 (type, code)) { 1739 unreachable++; 1740 } 1741 } 1742 1743 /* special case */ 1744 if (pr->family == AF_INET && 1745 type == ICMP_UNREACH && 1746 code == ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL) 1747 got_there = _B_TRUE; 1748 1749 break; 1750 } 1751 1752 seq = (seq + 1) % (MAX_SEQ + 1); 1753 1754 if (cc == 0) { 1755 Printf(" *"); 1756 timeouts++; 1757 } 1758 1759 (void) fflush(stdout); 1760 } 1761 1762 if (collect_stat) { 1763 print_stats(probe, nreceived, rttmin, rttmax, rttsum, 1764 rttssq); 1765 } 1766 1767 (void) putchar('\n'); 1768 1769 /* either we hit the target or received too many unreachables */ 1770 if (got_there || 1771 (unreachable > 0 && unreachable >= nprobes - 1)) 1772 break; 1773 } 1774 1775 /* Ignore the SIGINT between traceroute() runs */ 1776 if (probe_all) 1777 (void) signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 1778 } 1779 1780 /* 1781 * for a given destination address and address family, it finds out what 1782 * source address kernel is going to pick 1783 */ 1784 static void 1785 select_src_addr(union any_in_addr *dst_addr, union any_in_addr *src_addr, 1786 int family) 1787 { 1788 int tmp_fd; 1789 struct sockaddr *sock; 1790 struct sockaddr_in *sin; 1791 struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6; 1792 size_t sock_len; 1793 1794 sock = (struct sockaddr *)malloc(sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6)); 1795 if (sock == NULL) { 1796 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 1797 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1798 } 1799 (void) bzero(sock, sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6)); 1800 1801 if (family == AF_INET) { 1802 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1803 sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)sock; 1804 sin->sin_family = AF_INET; 1805 sin->sin_addr = dst_addr->addr; 1806 sin->sin_port = IPPORT_ECHO; /* port shouldn't be 0 */ 1807 sock_len = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in); 1808 } else { 1809 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1810 sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)sock; 1811 sin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6; 1812 sin6->sin6_addr = dst_addr->addr6; 1813 sin6->sin6_port = IPPORT_ECHO; /* port shouldn't be 0 */ 1814 sock_len = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6); 1815 } 1816 1817 /* open a UDP socket */ 1818 if ((tmp_fd = socket(family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) { 1819 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: udp socket: %s\n", prog, 1820 strerror(errno)); 1821 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1822 } 1823 1824 /* connect it */ 1825 if (connect(tmp_fd, sock, sock_len) < 0) { 1826 /* 1827 * If there's no route to the destination, this connect() call 1828 * fails. We just return all-zero (wildcard) as the source 1829 * address, so that user can get to see "no route to dest" 1830 * message, as it'll try to send the probe packet out and will 1831 * receive ICMP unreachable. 1832 */ 1833 if (family == AF_INET) 1834 src_addr->addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; 1835 else 1836 src_addr->addr6 = in6addr_any; 1837 free(sock); 1838 return; 1839 } 1840 1841 /* get the local sock info */ 1842 if (getsockname(tmp_fd, sock, &sock_len) < 0) { 1843 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: getsockname: %s\n", prog, 1844 strerror(errno)); 1845 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1846 } 1847 1848 if (family == AF_INET) { 1849 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1850 sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)sock; 1851 src_addr->addr = sin->sin_addr; 1852 } else { 1853 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1854 sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)sock; 1855 src_addr->addr6 = sin6->sin6_addr; 1856 } 1857 1858 free(sock); 1859 (void) close(tmp_fd); 1860 } 1861 1862 /* 1863 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) 1864 */ 1865 ushort_t 1866 in_cksum(ushort_t *addr, int len) 1867 { 1868 int nleft = len; 1869 ushort_t *w = addr; 1870 ushort_t answer; 1871 int sum = 0; 1872 1873 /* 1874 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), 1875 * we add sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold 1876 * back all the carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 1877 * 16 bits. 1878 */ 1879 while (nleft > 1) { 1880 sum += *w++; 1881 nleft -= 2; 1882 } 1883 1884 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 1885 if (nleft == 1) 1886 sum += *(uchar_t *)w; 1887 1888 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ 1889 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 1890 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 1891 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 1892 return (answer); 1893 } 1894 1895 /* 1896 * Wait until a reply arrives or timeout occurs. If packet arrived, read it 1897 * return the size of the packet read. 1898 */ 1899 static int 1900 wait_for_reply(int sock, struct msghdr *msg, struct timeval *tp) 1901 { 1902 fd_set fds; 1903 struct timeval now, wait; 1904 int cc = 0; 1905 int result; 1906 1907 (void) FD_ZERO(&fds); 1908 FD_SET(sock, &fds); 1909 1910 wait.tv_sec = tp->tv_sec + waittime; 1911 wait.tv_usec = tp->tv_usec; 1912 (void) gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 1913 tv_sub(&wait, &now); 1914 1915 if (wait.tv_sec < 0 || wait.tv_usec < 0) 1916 return (0); 1917 1918 result = select(sock + 1, &fds, (fd_set *)NULL, (fd_set *)NULL, &wait); 1919 1920 if (result == -1) { 1921 if (errno != EINTR) { 1922 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: select: %s\n", prog, 1923 strerror(errno)); 1924 } 1925 } else if (result > 0) 1926 cc = recvmsg(sock, msg, 0); 1927 1928 return (cc); 1929 } 1930 1931 /* 1932 * Construct an Internet address representation. If the nflag has been supplied, 1933 * give numeric value, otherwise try for symbolic name. 1934 */ 1935 char * 1936 inet_name(union any_in_addr *in, int family) 1937 { 1938 char *cp; 1939 static boolean_t first = _B_TRUE; 1940 static char domain[NI_MAXHOST + 1]; 1941 static char line[NI_MAXHOST + 1]; /* assuming */ 1942 /* (NI_MAXHOST + 1) >= INET6_ADDRSTRLEN */ 1943 char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST]; 1944 socklen_t slen; 1945 struct sockaddr_in sin; 1946 struct sockaddr_in6 sin6; 1947 struct sockaddr *sa; 1948 int flags; 1949 1950 switch (family) { 1951 case AF_INET: 1952 slen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in); 1953 sin.sin_addr = in->addr; 1954 sin.sin_port = 0; 1955 sa = (struct sockaddr *)&sin; 1956 break; 1957 case AF_INET6: 1958 slen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6); 1959 sin6.sin6_addr = in->addr6; 1960 sin6.sin6_port = 0; 1961 sin6.sin6_scope_id = 0; 1962 sa = (struct sockaddr *)&sin6; 1963 break; 1964 default: 1965 (void) snprintf(line, sizeof (line), 1966 "<invalid address family>"); 1967 return (line); 1968 } 1969 sa->sa_family = family; 1970 1971 if (first && !nflag) { 1972 /* find out the domain name */ 1973 first = _B_FALSE; 1974 if (gethostname(domain, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) == 0 && 1975 (cp = strchr(domain, '.')) != NULL) { 1976 (void) strncpy(domain, cp + 1, sizeof (domain) - 1); 1977 domain[sizeof (domain) - 1] = '\0'; 1978 } else { 1979 domain[0] = '\0'; 1980 } 1981 } 1982 1983 flags = (nflag) ? NI_NUMERICHOST : NI_NAMEREQD; 1984 if (getnameinfo(sa, slen, hbuf, sizeof (hbuf), NULL, 0, flags) != 0) { 1985 if (inet_ntop(family, (const void *)&in->addr6, 1986 hbuf, sizeof (hbuf)) == NULL) 1987 hbuf[0] = 0; 1988 } else if (!nflag && (cp = strchr(hbuf, '.')) != NULL && 1989 strcmp(cp + 1, domain) == 0) { 1990 *cp = '\0'; 1991 } 1992 (void) strlcpy(line, hbuf, sizeof (line)); 1993 1994 return (line); 1995 } 1996 1997 /* 1998 * return the difference (in msec) between two time values 1999 */ 2000 static double 2001 deltaT(struct timeval *t1p, struct timeval *t2p) 2002 { 2003 double dt; 2004 2005 dt = (double)(t2p->tv_sec - t1p->tv_sec) * 1000.0 + 2006 (double)(t2p->tv_usec - t1p->tv_usec) / 1000.0; 2007 return (dt); 2008 } 2009 2010 /* 2011 * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. 2012 * Out is assumed to be >= in. 2013 */ 2014 static void 2015 tv_sub(struct timeval *out, struct timeval *in) 2016 { 2017 if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { 2018 --out->tv_sec; 2019 out->tv_usec += 1000000; 2020 } 2021 out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; 2022 } 2023 2024 /* 2025 * record statistics 2026 */ 2027 static void 2028 record_stats(double rtt, int *nreceived, double *rttmin, double *rttmax, 2029 double *rttsum, double *rttssq) 2030 { 2031 if (*nreceived == 0) { 2032 *rttmin = rtt; 2033 *rttmax = rtt; 2034 *rttsum = rtt; 2035 *rttssq = rtt * rtt; 2036 } else { 2037 if (rtt < *rttmin) 2038 *rttmin = rtt; 2039 2040 if (rtt > *rttmax) 2041 *rttmax = rtt; 2042 2043 *rttsum += rtt; 2044 *rttssq += rtt * rtt; 2045 } 2046 2047 (*nreceived)++; 2048 } 2049 2050 /* 2051 * display statistics 2052 */ 2053 static void 2054 print_stats(int ntransmitted, int nreceived, double rttmin, double rttmax, 2055 double rttsum, double rttssq) 2056 { 2057 double rttavg; /* average round-trip time */ 2058 double rttstd; /* rtt standard deviation */ 2059 2060 if (ntransmitted > 0 && ntransmitted >= nreceived) { 2061 int missed = ntransmitted - nreceived; 2062 double loss = 100 * (double)missed / (double)ntransmitted; 2063 2064 if (nreceived > 0) { 2065 rttavg = rttsum / nreceived; 2066 rttstd = rttssq - (rttavg * rttsum); 2067 rttstd = xsqrt(rttstd / nreceived); 2068 2069 Printf(" %.3f", rttmin); 2070 Printf("/%.3f", rttavg); 2071 Printf("/%.3f", rttmax); 2072 2073 Printf(" (%.3f) ms ", rttstd); 2074 } 2075 2076 Printf(" %d/%d pkts", nreceived, ntransmitted); 2077 2078 if (nreceived == 0) 2079 Printf(" (100%% loss)"); 2080 else 2081 Printf(" (%.2g%% loss)", loss); 2082 } 2083 } 2084 2085 /* 2086 * square root function 2087 */ 2088 double 2089 xsqrt(double y) 2090 { 2091 double t, x; 2092 2093 if (y <= 0) { 2094 return (0.0); 2095 } 2096 2097 x = (y < 1.0) ? 1.0 : y; 2098 do { 2099 t = x; 2100 x = (t + (y/t))/2.0; 2101 } while (0 < x && x < t); 2102 2103 return (x); 2104 } 2105 2106 /* 2107 * String to double with optional min and max. 2108 */ 2109 static double 2110 str2dbl(const char *str, const char *what, double mi, double ma) 2111 { 2112 double val; 2113 char *ep; 2114 2115 errno = 0; 2116 2117 val = strtod(str, &ep); 2118 if (errno != 0 || *ep != '\0') { 2119 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: \"%s\" bad value for %s \n", 2120 prog, str, what); 2121 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2122 } 2123 if (val < mi && mi >= 0) { 2124 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be >= %f\n", prog, what, mi); 2125 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2126 } 2127 if (val > ma && ma >= 0) { 2128 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be <= %f\n", prog, what, ma); 2129 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2130 } 2131 return (val); 2132 } 2133 2134 /* 2135 * String to int with optional min and max. Handles decimal and hex. 2136 */ 2137 static int 2138 str2int(const char *str, const char *what, int mi, int ma) 2139 { 2140 const char *cp; 2141 int val; 2142 char *ep; 2143 2144 errno = 0; 2145 2146 if (str[0] == '0' && (str[1] == 'x' || str[1] == 'X')) { 2147 cp = str + 2; 2148 val = (int)strtol(cp, &ep, 16); 2149 } else { 2150 val = (int)strtol(str, &ep, 10); 2151 } 2152 if (errno != 0 || *ep != '\0') { 2153 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: \"%s\" bad value for %s \n", 2154 prog, str, what); 2155 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2156 } 2157 if (val < mi && mi >= 0) { 2158 if (mi == 0) { 2159 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be >= %d\n", 2160 prog, what, mi); 2161 } else { 2162 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be > %d\n", 2163 prog, what, mi - 1); 2164 } 2165 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2166 } 2167 if (val > ma && ma >= 0) { 2168 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be <= %d\n", prog, what, ma); 2169 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2170 } 2171 return (val); 2172 } 2173 2174 /* 2175 * This is the interrupt handler for SIGINT and SIGQUIT. It's completely handled 2176 * where it jumps to. 2177 */ 2178 static void 2179 sig_handler(int sig) 2180 { 2181 longjmp(env, sig); 2182 } 2183 2184 /* 2185 * display the usage of traceroute 2186 */ 2187 static void 2188 usage(void) 2189 { 2190 Fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-adFIlnSvx] [-A address_family] " 2191 "[-c traffic_class] \n" 2192 "\t[-f first_hop] [-g gateway [-g gateway ...]| -r] [-i iface]\n" 2193 "\t[-L flow_label] [-m max_hop] [-P pause_sec] [-p port] [-Q max_timeout]\n" 2194 "\t[-q nqueries] [-s src_addr] [-t tos] [-w wait_time] host [packetlen]\n", 2195 prog); 2196 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2197 } 2198