1 /* 2 * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 * Use is subject to license terms. 4 */ 5 6 /* 7 * Copyright (c) 1988, 1989, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 8 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions 12 * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2) 13 * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and 14 * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials 15 * provided with the distribution, and (3) all advertising materials mentioning 16 * features or use of this software display the following acknowledgement: 17 * ``This product includes software developed by the University of California, 18 * Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and its contributors.'' Neither the name of 19 * the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse 20 * or promote products derived from this software without specific prior 21 * written permission. 22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED 23 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF 24 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 25 * 26 * 27 * @(#)$Header: traceroute.c,v 1.49 97/06/13 02:30:23 leres Exp $ (LBL) 28 */ 29 30 #include <sys/param.h> 31 #include <sys/file.h> 32 #include <sys/ioctl.h> 33 #include <sys/socket.h> 34 #include <sys/time.h> 35 #include <sys/sysmacros.h> 36 37 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 38 #include <netinet/in.h> 39 #include <netinet/ip.h> 40 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 41 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 42 #include <netinet/udp.h> 43 #include <netinet/udp_var.h> 44 #include <netinet/ip6.h> 45 #include <netinet/icmp6.h> 46 47 #include <arpa/inet.h> 48 49 #include <ctype.h> 50 #include <errno.h> 51 #include <malloc.h> 52 #include <memory.h> 53 #include <netdb.h> 54 #include <stdio.h> 55 #include <stdlib.h> 56 #include <strings.h> 57 #include <unistd.h> 58 #include <libintl.h> 59 #include <locale.h> 60 #include <signal.h> 61 #include <setjmp.h> 62 #include <limits.h> 63 #include <zone.h> 64 65 #include <priv_utils.h> 66 67 #include <libinetutil.h> 68 #include "traceroute.h" 69 70 #define MAX_SEQ 65535 /* max sequence value for ICMP */ 71 #define MAX_TRAFFIC_CLASS 255 /* max traffic class for IPv6 */ 72 #define MAX_FLOW_LABEL 0xFFFFF /* max flow label for IPv6 */ 73 #define MAX_TOS 255 /* max type-of-service for IPv4 */ 74 #define STR_LEN 30 75 76 /* store the information about a host */ 77 struct hostinfo { 78 char *name; /* hostname */ 79 int family; /* address family of the IP addresses */ 80 int num_addr; /* number of IP addresses */ 81 union any_in_addr *addrs; /* list of IP addresses */ 82 }; 83 84 /* used to store a bunch of protocol specific values */ 85 struct pr_set { 86 int family; /* AF_INET or AF_INET6 */ 87 char name[STR_LEN]; /* "IPv4" or "IPv6" */ 88 char icmp[STR_LEN]; /* "icmp" or "ipv6-icmp" */ 89 int icmp_minlen; 90 int addr_len; 91 int ip_hdr_len; 92 int packlen; 93 int sock_size; /* size of sockaddr_in or sockaddr_in6 */ 94 struct sockaddr *to; 95 struct sockaddr *from; 96 void *from_sin_addr; 97 union any_in_addr *gwIPlist; 98 /* pointers to v4/v6 functions */ 99 struct ip *(*set_buffers_fn) (int); 100 int (*check_reply_fn)(struct msghdr *, int, int, uchar_t *, uchar_t *); 101 boolean_t (*print_icmp_other_fn)(uchar_t, uchar_t); 102 void (*print_addr_fn)(uchar_t *, int, struct sockaddr *); 103 104 }; 105 106 /* 107 * LBNL bug fixed: in LBNL traceroute 'uchar_t packet[512];' 108 * Not sufficient to hold the complete packet for ECHO REPLY of a big probe. 109 * Packet size is reported incorrectly in such a case. 110 * Also this buffer needs to be 32 bit aligned. In the future the alignment 111 * requirement will be increased to 64 bit. So, let's use 64 bit alignment now. 112 */ 113 static uint64_t packet[(IP_MAXPACKET + 1)/8]; /* received packet */ 114 115 static struct ip *outip4; /* output buffer to send as an IPv4 datagram */ 116 static struct ip *outip6; /* output buffer to send as an IPv6 datagram */ 117 118 /* Used to store the ancillary data that comes with the received packets */ 119 static uint64_t ancillary_data[(IP_MAXPACKET + 1)/8]; 120 121 /* first get the gw names, later you'll resolve them based on the family */ 122 static char *gwlist[MAXMAX_GWS]; /* gateway names list */ 123 static union any_in_addr gwIPlist[MAX_GWS]; /* gateway IPv4 address list */ 124 static union any_in_addr gwIP6list[MAX_GWS6]; /* gateway IPv6 address list */ 125 126 static int family_input = AF_UNSPEC; /* User supplied protocol family */ 127 static int rcvsock4; /* receive (icmp) socket file descriptor */ 128 static int sndsock4; /* send (udp/icmp) socket file descriptor */ 129 static int rcvsock6; /* receive (icmp6) socket file descriptor */ 130 static int sndsock6; /* send (udp6/icmp6) socket file descriptor */ 131 int gw_count = 0; /* number of gateways */ 132 static struct sockaddr_in whereto; /* Who to try to reach */ 133 static struct sockaddr_in6 whereto6; 134 static struct sockaddr_in wherefrom; /* Who we are */ 135 static struct sockaddr_in6 wherefrom6; 136 static int packlen_input = 0; /* user input for packlen */ 137 138 char *prog; 139 static char *source_input = NULL; /* this is user arg. source, doesn't change */ 140 static char *source = NULL; /* this gets modified after name lookup */ 141 char *hostname; 142 static char *device = NULL; /* interface name */ 143 static struct pr_set *pr4; /* protocol info for IPv4 */ 144 static struct pr_set *pr6; /* protocol info for IPv6 */ 145 static struct ifaddrlist *al4; /* list of interfaces */ 146 static struct ifaddrlist *al6; /* list of interfaces */ 147 static uint_t if_index = 0; /* interface index */ 148 static int num_v4 = 0; /* count of IPv4 addresses */ 149 static int num_v6 = 0; /* count of IPv6 addresses */ 150 static int num_ifs4 = 0; /* count of local IPv4 interfaces */ 151 static int num_ifs6 = 0; /* count of local IPv6 interfaces */ 152 153 static int nprobes = 3; /* number of probes */ 154 static int max_ttl = 30; /* max number of hops */ 155 static int first_ttl = 1; /* initial number of hops */ 156 ushort_t ident; /* used to authenticate replies */ 157 ushort_t port = 32768 + 666; /* start udp dest port # for probe packets */ 158 159 static int options = 0; /* socket options */ 160 boolean_t verbose = _B_FALSE; /* verbose output */ 161 static int waittime = 5; /* time to wait for response (in seconds) */ 162 static struct timeval delay = {0, 0}; /* delay between consecutive probe */ 163 boolean_t nflag = _B_FALSE; /* print addresses numerically */ 164 static boolean_t showttl = _B_FALSE; /* print the ttl(hop limit) of recvd pkt */ 165 boolean_t useicmp = _B_FALSE; /* use icmp echo instead of udp packets */ 166 boolean_t docksum = _B_TRUE; /* calculate checksums */ 167 static boolean_t collect_stat = _B_FALSE; /* print statistics */ 168 boolean_t settos = _B_FALSE; /* set type-of-service field */ 169 int dontfrag = 0; /* IP*_DONTFRAG */ 170 static int max_timeout = 5; /* quit after this consecutive timeouts */ 171 static boolean_t probe_all = _B_FALSE; /* probe all the IFs of the target */ 172 static boolean_t pick_src = _B_FALSE; /* traceroute picks the src address */ 173 174 /* 175 * flow and class are specific to IPv6, tos and off are specific to IPv4. 176 * Each protocol uses the ones that are specific to itself, and ignores 177 * others. 178 */ 179 static uint_t flow = 0; /* IPv6 flow info */ 180 static uint_t class = 0; /* IPv6 class */ 181 uchar_t tos = 0; /* IPv4 type-of-service */ 182 ushort_t off = 0; /* set DF bit */ 183 184 static jmp_buf env; /* stack environment for longjmp() */ 185 boolean_t raw_req; /* if sndsock for IPv4 must be raw */ 186 187 /* Forwards */ 188 static uint_t calc_packetlen(int, struct pr_set *); 189 extern int check_reply(struct msghdr *, int, int, uchar_t *, uchar_t *); 190 extern int check_reply6(struct msghdr *, int, int, uchar_t *, uchar_t *); 191 static double deltaT(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 192 static char *device_name(struct ifaddrlist *, int, union any_in_addr *, 193 struct pr_set *); 194 extern void *find_ancillary_data(struct msghdr *, int, int); 195 static boolean_t has_addr(struct addrinfo *, union any_in_addr *); 196 static struct ifaddrlist *find_device(struct ifaddrlist *, int, char *); 197 static struct ifaddrlist *find_ifaddr(struct ifaddrlist *, int, 198 union any_in_addr *, int); 199 static void get_gwaddrs(char **, int, union any_in_addr *, 200 union any_in_addr *, int *, int *); 201 static void get_hostinfo(char *, int, struct addrinfo **); 202 char *inet_name(union any_in_addr *, int); 203 ushort_t in_cksum(ushort_t *, int); 204 extern int ip_hdr_length_v6(ip6_t *, int, uint8_t *); 205 extern char *pr_type(uchar_t); 206 extern char *pr_type6(uchar_t); 207 extern void print_addr(uchar_t *, int, struct sockaddr *); 208 extern void print_addr6(uchar_t *, int, struct sockaddr *); 209 extern boolean_t print_icmp_other(uchar_t, uchar_t); 210 extern boolean_t print_icmp_other6(uchar_t, uchar_t); 211 static void print_stats(int, int, double, double, double, double); 212 static void print_unknown_host_msg(const char *, const char *); 213 static void record_stats(double, int *, double *, double *, double *, double *); 214 static void resolve_nodes(int *, struct addrinfo **); 215 static void select_src_addr(union any_in_addr *, union any_in_addr *, int); 216 extern void send_probe(int, struct sockaddr *, struct ip *, int, int, 217 struct timeval *, int); 218 extern void send_probe6(int, struct msghdr *, struct ip *, int, int, 219 struct timeval *, int); 220 extern void set_ancillary_data(struct msghdr *, int, union any_in_addr *, int, 221 uint_t); 222 extern struct ip *set_buffers(int); 223 extern struct ip *set_buffers6(int); 224 extern void set_IPv4opt_sourcerouting(int, union any_in_addr *, 225 union any_in_addr *); 226 static void set_sin(struct sockaddr *, union any_in_addr *, int); 227 static int set_src_addr(struct pr_set *, struct ifaddrlist **); 228 static void setup_protocol(struct pr_set *, int); 229 static void setup_socket(struct pr_set *, int); 230 static void sig_handler(int); 231 static int str2int(const char *, const char *, int, int); 232 static double str2dbl(const char *, const char *, double, double); 233 static void trace_it(struct addrinfo *); 234 static void traceroute(union any_in_addr *, struct msghdr *, struct pr_set *, 235 int, struct ifaddrlist *); 236 static void tv_sub(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 237 static void usage(void); 238 static int wait_for_reply(int, struct msghdr *, struct timeval *); 239 static double xsqrt(double); 240 241 /* 242 * main 243 */ 244 int 245 main(int argc, char **argv) 246 { 247 struct addrinfo *ai_dst = NULL; /* destination host */ 248 /* 249 * "probing_successful" indicates if we could successfully send probes, 250 * not necessarily received reply from the target (this behavior is from 251 * the original traceroute). It's _B_FALSE if packlen is invalid, or no 252 * interfaces found. 253 */ 254 boolean_t probing_successful = _B_FALSE; 255 int longjmp_return; /* return value from longjump */ 256 int i = 0; 257 char *cp; 258 int op; 259 char *ep; 260 char temp_buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN]; /* use for inet_ntop() */ 261 double pause; 262 263 /* 264 * A raw socket will be used for IPv4 if there is sufficient 265 * privilege. 266 */ 267 raw_req = priv_ineffect(PRIV_NET_RAWACCESS); 268 269 /* 270 * We'll need the privilege only when we open the sockets; that's 271 * when we'll fail if the program has insufficient privileges. 272 */ 273 (void) __init_suid_priv(PU_CLEARLIMITSET, PRIV_NET_ICMPACCESS, 274 raw_req ? PRIV_NET_RAWACCESS : NULL, NULL); 275 276 (void) setlinebuf(stdout); 277 278 if ((cp = strrchr(argv[0], '/')) != NULL) 279 prog = cp + 1; 280 else 281 prog = argv[0]; 282 283 opterr = 0; 284 while ((op = getopt(argc, argv, "adFIlnrSvxA:c:f:g:i:L:m:P:p:Q:q:s:" 285 "t:w:")) != EOF) { 286 switch (op) { 287 case 'A': 288 if (strcmp(optarg, "inet") == 0) { 289 family_input = AF_INET; 290 } else if (strcmp(optarg, "inet6") == 0) { 291 family_input = AF_INET6; 292 } else { 293 Fprintf(stderr, 294 "%s: unknown address family %s\n", 295 prog, optarg); 296 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 297 } 298 break; 299 300 case 'a': 301 probe_all = _B_TRUE; 302 break; 303 304 case 'c': 305 class = str2int(optarg, "traffic class", 0, 306 MAX_TRAFFIC_CLASS); 307 break; 308 309 case 'd': 310 options |= SO_DEBUG; 311 break; 312 313 case 'f': 314 first_ttl = str2int(optarg, "first ttl", 1, MAXTTL); 315 break; 316 317 case 'F': 318 off = IP_DF; 319 dontfrag = 1; 320 break; 321 322 case 'g': 323 if (!raw_req) { 324 Fprintf(stderr, 325 "%s: privilege to specify a loose source " 326 "route gateway is unavailable\n", 327 prog); 328 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 329 } 330 if (gw_count >= MAXMAX_GWS) { 331 Fprintf(stderr, 332 "%s: Too many gateways\n", prog); 333 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 334 } 335 gwlist[gw_count] = strdup(optarg); 336 if (gwlist[gw_count] == NULL) { 337 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: strdup %s\n", prog, 338 strerror(errno)); 339 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 340 } 341 342 ++gw_count; 343 break; 344 345 case 'l': 346 showttl = _B_TRUE; 347 break; 348 349 case 'i': 350 /* this can be IF name or IF index */ 351 if_index = (uint_t)strtol(optarg, &ep, 10); 352 353 /* convert IF index <--> IF name */ 354 if (errno != 0 || *ep != '\0') { 355 device = optarg; 356 if_index = if_nametoindex((const char *)device); 357 358 /* 359 * In case it fails, check to see if the problem 360 * is other than "IF not found". 361 */ 362 if (if_index == 0 && errno != ENXIO) { 363 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: if_nametoindex:" 364 "%s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 365 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 366 } 367 } else { 368 device = (char *)malloc(LIFNAMSIZ + 1); 369 if (device == NULL) { 370 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: malloc: %s\n", 371 prog, strerror(errno)); 372 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 373 } 374 375 device = if_indextoname(if_index, device); 376 if (device != NULL) { 377 device[LIFNAMSIZ] = '\0'; 378 } else if (errno != ENXIO) { 379 /* 380 * The problem was other than "index 381 * not found". 382 */ 383 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: if_indextoname:" 384 "%s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 385 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 386 } 387 } 388 389 if (device == NULL || if_index == 0) { 390 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: interface %s " 391 "doesn't match any actual interfaces\n", 392 prog, optarg); 393 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 394 } 395 break; 396 397 case 'I': 398 useicmp = _B_TRUE; 399 break; 400 401 case 'L': 402 flow = str2int(optarg, "flow label", 0, MAX_FLOW_LABEL); 403 break; 404 405 case 'm': 406 max_ttl = str2int(optarg, "max ttl(hop limit)", 1, 407 MAXTTL); 408 break; 409 410 case 'n': 411 nflag = _B_TRUE; 412 break; 413 414 case 'P': 415 pause = str2dbl(optarg, "pause", 0, INT_MAX); 416 delay.tv_sec = (time_t)pause; 417 delay.tv_usec = (suseconds_t)((pause - delay.tv_sec) * 418 1000000); 419 break; 420 421 case 'p': 422 port = str2int(optarg, "port", 1, MAX_PORT); 423 break; 424 425 case 'Q': 426 max_timeout = str2int(optarg, "max timeout", 1, -1); 427 break; 428 429 case 'q': 430 nprobes = str2int(optarg, "nprobes", 1, -1); 431 break; 432 433 case 'r': 434 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 435 break; 436 437 case 'S': 438 collect_stat = _B_TRUE; 439 break; 440 441 case 's': 442 /* 443 * set the ip source address of the outbound 444 * probe (e.g., on a multi-homed host). 445 */ 446 source_input = optarg; 447 break; 448 449 case 't': 450 tos = (uchar_t)str2int(optarg, "tos", 0, MAX_TOS); 451 settos = _B_TRUE; 452 break; 453 454 case 'v': 455 verbose = _B_TRUE; 456 break; 457 458 case 'x': 459 docksum = _B_FALSE; 460 break; 461 462 case 'w': 463 waittime = str2int(optarg, "wait time", 2, -1); 464 break; 465 466 default: 467 usage(); 468 break; 469 } 470 } 471 472 /* 473 * If it's probe_all, SIGQUIT makes traceroute exit(). But we set the 474 * address to jump back to in traceroute(). Until then, we'll need to 475 * temporarily specify one. 476 */ 477 if (probe_all) { 478 if ((longjmp_return = setjmp(env)) != 0) { 479 if (longjmp_return == SIGQUIT) { 480 Printf("(exiting)\n"); 481 exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); 482 } else { /* should never happen */ 483 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 484 } 485 } 486 (void) signal(SIGQUIT, sig_handler); 487 } 488 489 if ((gw_count > 0) && (options & SO_DONTROUTE)) { 490 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: loose source route gateways (-g)" 491 " cannot be specified when probe packets are sent" 492 " directly to a host on an attached network (-r)\n", 493 prog); 494 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 495 } 496 497 i = argc - optind; 498 if (i == 1 || i == 2) { 499 hostname = argv[optind]; 500 501 if (i == 2) { 502 /* accept any length now, we'll check it later */ 503 packlen_input = str2int(argv[optind + 1], 504 "packet length", 0, -1); 505 } 506 } else { 507 usage(); 508 } 509 510 if (first_ttl > max_ttl) { 511 Fprintf(stderr, 512 "%s: first ttl(hop limit) (%d) may not be greater" 513 " than max ttl(hop limit) (%d)\n", 514 prog, first_ttl, max_ttl); 515 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 516 } 517 518 /* resolve hostnames */ 519 resolve_nodes(&family_input, &ai_dst); 520 if (ai_dst == NULL) { 521 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 522 } 523 524 /* 525 * If it's probe_all, SIGINT makes traceroute skip to probing next IP 526 * address of the target. The new interrupt handler is assigned in 527 * traceroute() function. Until then let's ignore the signal. 528 */ 529 if (probe_all) 530 (void) signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 531 532 ident = (getpid() & 0xffff) | 0x8000; 533 534 /* 535 * We KNOW that probe_all == TRUE if family is AF_UNSPEC, 536 * since family is set to the specific AF found unless it's 537 * probe_all. So if family == AF_UNSPEC, we need to init pr4 and pr6. 538 */ 539 switch (family_input) { 540 case AF_UNSPEC: 541 pr4 = (struct pr_set *)malloc(sizeof (struct pr_set)); 542 if (pr4 == NULL) { 543 Fprintf(stderr, 544 "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 545 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 546 } 547 pr6 = (struct pr_set *)malloc(sizeof (struct pr_set)); 548 if (pr6 == NULL) { 549 Fprintf(stderr, 550 "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 551 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 552 } 553 setup_protocol(pr6, AF_INET6); 554 setup_protocol(pr4, AF_INET); 555 outip6 = (*pr6->set_buffers_fn)(pr6->packlen); 556 setup_socket(pr6, pr6->packlen); 557 558 outip4 = (*pr4->set_buffers_fn)(pr4->packlen); 559 setup_socket(pr4, pr4->packlen); 560 num_ifs6 = set_src_addr(pr6, &al6); 561 num_ifs4 = set_src_addr(pr4, &al4); 562 break; 563 case AF_INET6: 564 pr6 = (struct pr_set *)malloc(sizeof (struct pr_set)); 565 if (pr6 == NULL) { 566 Fprintf(stderr, 567 "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 568 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 569 } 570 setup_protocol(pr6, AF_INET6); 571 outip6 = (*pr6->set_buffers_fn)(pr6->packlen); 572 setup_socket(pr6, pr6->packlen); 573 num_ifs6 = set_src_addr(pr6, &al6); 574 break; 575 case AF_INET: 576 pr4 = (struct pr_set *)malloc(sizeof (struct pr_set)); 577 if (pr4 == NULL) { 578 Fprintf(stderr, 579 "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 580 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 581 } 582 setup_protocol(pr4, AF_INET); 583 outip4 = (*pr4->set_buffers_fn)(pr4->packlen); 584 setup_socket(pr4, pr4->packlen); 585 num_ifs4 = set_src_addr(pr4, &al4); 586 break; 587 default: 588 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknow address family.\n", prog); 589 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 590 } 591 592 if (num_v4 + num_v6 > 1 && !probe_all) { 593 if (ai_dst->ai_family == AF_INET) { 594 Fprintf(stderr, 595 "%s: Warning: %s has multiple addresses;" 596 " using %s\n", prog, hostname, 597 inet_ntop(AF_INET, 598 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 599 (void *)&((struct sockaddr_in *) 600 ai_dst->ai_addr)->sin_addr, 601 temp_buf, sizeof (temp_buf))); 602 } else { 603 Fprintf(stderr, 604 "%s: Warning: %s has multiple addresses;" 605 " using %s\n", prog, hostname, 606 inet_ntop(AF_INET6, 607 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 608 (void *)&((struct sockaddr_in6 *) 609 ai_dst->ai_addr)->sin6_addr, 610 temp_buf, sizeof (temp_buf))); 611 } 612 } 613 614 if (num_ifs4 + num_ifs6 > 0) { 615 trace_it(ai_dst); 616 probing_successful = _B_TRUE; 617 } 618 619 (void) close(rcvsock4); 620 (void) close(sndsock4); 621 (void) close(rcvsock6); 622 (void) close(sndsock6); 623 624 /* 625 * if we could probe any of the IP addresses of the target, that means 626 * this was a successful operation 627 */ 628 if (probing_successful) 629 return (EXIT_SUCCESS); 630 else 631 return (EXIT_FAILURE); 632 } 633 634 /* 635 * print "unknown host" message 636 */ 637 static void 638 print_unknown_host_msg(const char *protocol, const char *host) 639 { 640 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown%s host %s\n", prog, protocol, host); 641 } 642 643 /* 644 * resolve destination host and gateways 645 */ 646 static void 647 resolve_nodes(int *family, struct addrinfo **ai_dstp) 648 { 649 struct addrinfo *ai_dst = NULL; 650 struct addrinfo *aip = NULL; 651 int num_resolved_gw = 0; 652 int num_resolved_gw6 = 0; 653 654 get_hostinfo(hostname, *family, &ai_dst); 655 if (ai_dst == NULL) { 656 print_unknown_host_msg("", hostname); 657 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 658 } 659 /* Get a count of the v4 & v6 addresses */ 660 for (aip = ai_dst; aip != NULL; aip = aip->ai_next) { 661 switch (aip->ai_family) { 662 case AF_INET: 663 num_v4++; 664 break; 665 case AF_INET6: 666 num_v6++; 667 break; 668 } 669 } 670 671 if (*family == AF_UNSPEC && !probe_all) { 672 *family = ai_dst->ai_family; 673 } 674 675 /* resolve gateways */ 676 if (gw_count > 0) { 677 get_gwaddrs(gwlist, *family, gwIPlist, gwIP6list, 678 &num_resolved_gw, &num_resolved_gw6); 679 680 /* we couldn't resolve a gateway as an IPv6 host */ 681 if (num_resolved_gw6 != gw_count && num_v6 != 0) { 682 if (*family == AF_INET6 || *family == AF_UNSPEC) 683 print_unknown_host_msg(" IPv6", 684 gwlist[num_resolved_gw6]); 685 num_v6 = 0; 686 } 687 688 /* we couldn't resolve a gateway as an IPv4 host */ 689 if (num_resolved_gw != gw_count && num_v4 != 0) { 690 if (*family == AF_INET || *family == AF_UNSPEC) 691 print_unknown_host_msg(" IPv4", 692 gwlist[num_resolved_gw]); 693 num_v4 = 0; 694 } 695 } 696 697 *ai_dstp = (num_v4 + num_v6 > 0) ? ai_dst : NULL; 698 } 699 700 /* 701 * Given IP address or hostname, return v4 and v6 hostinfo lists. 702 * Assumes that hostinfo ** ptrs are non-null. 703 */ 704 static void 705 get_hostinfo(char *host, int family, struct addrinfo **aipp) 706 { 707 struct addrinfo hints, *ai; 708 struct in6_addr addr6; 709 struct in_addr addr; 710 char abuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN]; /* use for inet_ntop() */ 711 int rc; 712 713 /* 714 * Take care of v4-mapped addresses. It should run same as v4, after 715 * chopping off the prefix, leaving the IPv4 address 716 */ 717 if ((inet_pton(AF_INET6, host, &addr6) > 0) && 718 IN6_IS_ADDR_V4MAPPED(&addr6)) { 719 /* peel off the "mapping" stuff, leaving 32 bit IPv4 address */ 720 IN6_V4MAPPED_TO_INADDR(&addr6, &addr); 721 722 /* convert it back to a string */ 723 (void) inet_ntop(AF_INET, &addr, abuf, sizeof (abuf)); 724 725 /* now the host is an IPv4 address */ 726 (void) strcpy(host, abuf); 727 728 /* 729 * If it's a mapped address, we convert it into IPv4 730 * address because traceroute will send and receive IPv4 731 * packets for that address. Therefore, it's a failure case to 732 * ask get_hostinfo() to treat a mapped address as an IPv6 733 * address. 734 */ 735 if (family == AF_INET6) { 736 return; 737 } 738 } 739 740 (void) memset(&hints, 0, sizeof (hints)); 741 hints.ai_family = family; 742 hints.ai_flags = AI_ADDRCONFIG | AI_CANONNAME; 743 rc = getaddrinfo(host, NULL, &hints, &ai); 744 if (rc != 0) { 745 if (rc != EAI_NONAME) 746 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: getaddrinfo: %s\n", prog, 747 gai_strerror(rc)); 748 *aipp = NULL; 749 return; 750 } 751 *aipp = ai; 752 } 753 754 /* 755 * Calculate the packet length to be used, and check against the valid range. 756 * Returns -1 if range check fails. 757 */ 758 static uint_t 759 calc_packetlen(int plen_input, struct pr_set *pr) 760 { 761 int minpacket; /* min ip packet size */ 762 int optlen; /* length of ip options */ 763 int plen; 764 765 /* 766 * LBNL bug fixed: miscalculation of optlen 767 */ 768 if (gw_count > 0) { 769 /* 770 * IPv4: 771 * ---- 772 * 5 (NO OPs) + 3 (code, len, ptr) + gateways 773 * IP options field can hold up to 9 gateways. But the API 774 * allows you to specify only 8, because the last one is the 775 * destination host. When this packet is sent, on the wire 776 * you see one gateway replaced by 4 NO OPs. The other 1 NO 777 * OP is for alignment 778 * 779 * IPv6: 780 * ---- 781 * Well, formula is different, but the result is same. 782 * 8 byte fixed part for Type 0 Routing header, followed by 783 * gateway addresses 784 */ 785 optlen = 8 + gw_count * pr->addr_len; 786 } else { 787 optlen = 0; 788 } 789 790 /* take care of the packet length calculations and checks */ 791 minpacket = pr->ip_hdr_len + sizeof (struct outdata) + optlen; 792 if (useicmp) 793 minpacket += pr->icmp_minlen; /* minimum ICMP header size */ 794 else 795 minpacket += sizeof (struct udphdr); 796 plen = plen_input; 797 if (plen == 0) { 798 plen = minpacket; /* minimum sized packet */ 799 } else if (minpacket > plen || plen > IP_MAXPACKET) { 800 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s packet size must be >= %d and <= %d\n", 801 prog, pr->name, minpacket, IP_MAXPACKET); 802 return (0); 803 } 804 805 return (plen); 806 } 807 808 /* 809 * Sets the source address by resolving -i and -s arguments, or if -i and -s 810 * don't dictate any, it sets the pick_src to make sure traceroute uses the 811 * kernel's pick of the source address. 812 * Returns number of interfaces configured on the source host, 0 on error or 813 * there's no interface which is up amd not a loopback. 814 */ 815 static int 816 set_src_addr(struct pr_set *pr, struct ifaddrlist **alp) 817 { 818 union any_in_addr *ap; 819 struct ifaddrlist *al = NULL; 820 struct ifaddrlist *tmp1_al = NULL; 821 struct ifaddrlist *tmp2_al = NULL; 822 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 823 struct sockaddr_in *sin_from = (struct sockaddr_in *)pr->from; 824 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 825 struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6_from = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)pr->from; 826 struct addrinfo *aip; 827 char errbuf[ERRBUFSIZE]; 828 char abuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN]; /* use for inet_ntop() */ 829 int num_ifs; /* all the interfaces */ 830 int num_src_ifs; /* exclude loopback and down */ 831 int i; 832 uint_t ifaddrflags = 0; 833 834 source = source_input; 835 836 if (device != NULL) 837 ifaddrflags |= LIFC_UNDER_IPMP; 838 839 /* get the interface address list */ 840 num_ifs = ifaddrlist(&al, pr->family, ifaddrflags, errbuf); 841 if (num_ifs < 0) { 842 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: ifaddrlist: %s\n", prog, errbuf); 843 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 844 } 845 846 num_src_ifs = 0; 847 for (i = 0; i < num_ifs; i++) { 848 if (!(al[i].flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) && (al[i].flags & IFF_UP)) 849 num_src_ifs++; 850 } 851 852 if (num_src_ifs == 0) { 853 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't find any %s network interfaces\n", 854 prog, pr->name); 855 return (0); 856 } 857 858 /* verify the device */ 859 if (device != NULL) { 860 tmp1_al = find_device(al, num_ifs, device); 861 862 if (tmp1_al == NULL) { 863 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s (index %d) is an invalid %s" 864 " interface\n", prog, device, if_index, pr->name); 865 free(al); 866 return (0); 867 } 868 } 869 870 /* verify the source address */ 871 if (source != NULL) { 872 get_hostinfo(source, pr->family, &aip); 873 if (aip == NULL) { 874 Fprintf(stderr, 875 "%s: %s is an invalid %s source address\n", 876 prog, source, pr->name); 877 878 free(al); 879 return (0); 880 } 881 882 source = aip->ai_canonname; 883 884 if (pr->family == AF_INET) 885 ap = (union any_in_addr *) 886 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 887 &((struct sockaddr_in *)aip->ai_addr)->sin_addr; 888 else 889 ap = (union any_in_addr *) 890 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 891 &((struct sockaddr_in6 *)aip->ai_addr)->sin6_addr; 892 893 /* 894 * LBNL bug fixed: used to accept any src address 895 */ 896 tmp2_al = find_ifaddr(al, num_ifs, ap, pr->family); 897 if (tmp2_al == NULL) { 898 (void) inet_ntop(pr->family, ap, abuf, sizeof (abuf)); 899 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s is not a local %s address\n", 900 prog, abuf, pr->name); 901 free(al); 902 freeaddrinfo(aip); 903 return (0); 904 } 905 } 906 907 pick_src = _B_FALSE; 908 909 if (source == NULL) { /* no -s used */ 910 if (device == NULL) { /* no -i used, no -s used */ 911 pick_src = _B_TRUE; 912 } else { /* -i used, no -s used */ 913 /* 914 * -i used, but not -s, and it's IPv4: set the source 915 * address to whatever the interface has configured on 916 * it. 917 */ 918 if (pr->family == AF_INET) 919 set_sin(pr->from, &(tmp1_al->addr), pr->family); 920 else 921 pick_src = _B_TRUE; 922 } 923 } else { /* -s used */ 924 if (device == NULL) { /* no -i used, -s used */ 925 set_sin(pr->from, ap, pr->family); 926 927 if (aip->ai_next != NULL) { 928 (void) inet_ntop(pr->family, pr->from_sin_addr, 929 abuf, sizeof (abuf)); 930 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: Warning: %s has multiple " 931 "addresses; using %s\n", prog, source, 932 abuf); 933 } 934 } else { /* -i and -s used */ 935 /* 936 * Make sure the source specified matches the 937 * interface address. You only care about this for IPv4 938 * IPv6 can handle IF not matching src address 939 */ 940 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 941 if (!has_addr(aip, &tmp1_al->addr)) { 942 Fprintf(stderr, 943 "%s: %s is not on interface %s\n", 944 prog, source, device); 945 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 946 } 947 /* 948 * make sure we use the one matching the 949 * interface's address 950 */ 951 *ap = tmp1_al->addr; 952 } 953 954 set_sin(pr->from, ap, pr->family); 955 } 956 } 957 958 /* 959 * Binding at this point will set the source address to be used 960 * for both IPv4 (when raw IP datagrams are not required) and 961 * IPv6. If the address being bound to is zero, then the kernel 962 * will end up choosing the source address when the datagram is 963 * sent. 964 * 965 * For raw IPv4 datagrams, the source address is initialized 966 * within traceroute() along with the outbound destination 967 * address. 968 */ 969 if (pr->family == AF_INET && !raw_req) { 970 sin_from->sin_family = AF_INET; 971 sin_from->sin_port = htons(ident); 972 if (bind(sndsock4, (struct sockaddr *)pr->from, 973 sizeof (struct sockaddr_in)) < 0) { 974 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: bind: %s\n", prog, 975 strerror(errno)); 976 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 977 } 978 } else if (pr->family == AF_INET6) { 979 sin6_from->sin6_family = AF_INET6; 980 sin6_from->sin6_port = htons(ident); 981 if (bind(sndsock6, (struct sockaddr *)pr->from, 982 sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6)) < 0) { 983 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: bind: %s\n", prog, 984 strerror(errno)); 985 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 986 } 987 988 whereto6.sin6_flowinfo = htonl((class << 20) | flow); 989 } 990 *alp = al; 991 return (num_ifs); 992 } 993 994 /* 995 * Returns the complete ifaddrlist structure matching the desired interface 996 * address. Ignores interfaces which are either down or loopback. 997 */ 998 static struct ifaddrlist * 999 find_ifaddr(struct ifaddrlist *al, int len, union any_in_addr *addr, 1000 int family) 1001 { 1002 struct ifaddrlist *tmp_al = al; 1003 int i; 1004 size_t addr_len = (family == AF_INET) ? sizeof (struct in_addr) : 1005 sizeof (struct in6_addr); 1006 1007 for (i = 0; i < len; i++, tmp_al++) { 1008 if ((!(tmp_al->flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) && 1009 (tmp_al->flags & IFF_UP)) && 1010 (memcmp(&tmp_al->addr, addr, addr_len) == 0)) 1011 break; 1012 } 1013 1014 if (i < len) { 1015 return (tmp_al); 1016 } else { 1017 return (NULL); 1018 } 1019 } 1020 1021 /* 1022 * Returns the complete ifaddrlist structure matching the desired interface name 1023 * Ignores interfaces which are either down or loopback. 1024 */ 1025 static struct ifaddrlist * 1026 find_device(struct ifaddrlist *al, int len, char *device) 1027 { 1028 struct ifaddrlist *tmp_al = al; 1029 int i; 1030 1031 for (i = 0; i < len; i++, tmp_al++) { 1032 if ((!(tmp_al->flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) && 1033 (tmp_al->flags & IFF_UP)) && 1034 (strcmp(tmp_al->device, device) == 0)) 1035 break; 1036 } 1037 1038 if (i < len) { 1039 return (tmp_al); 1040 } else { 1041 return (NULL); 1042 } 1043 } 1044 1045 /* 1046 * returns _B_TRUE if given hostinfo contains the given address 1047 */ 1048 static boolean_t 1049 has_addr(struct addrinfo *ai, union any_in_addr *addr) 1050 { 1051 struct addrinfo *ai_tmp = NULL; 1052 union any_in_addr *ap; 1053 1054 for (ai_tmp = ai; ai_tmp != NULL; ai_tmp = ai_tmp->ai_next) { 1055 if (ai_tmp->ai_family == AF_INET6) 1056 continue; 1057 ap = (union any_in_addr *) 1058 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1059 &((struct sockaddr_in *)ai_tmp->ai_addr)->sin_addr; 1060 if (memcmp(ap, addr, sizeof (struct in_addr)) == 0) 1061 break; 1062 } 1063 1064 if (ai_tmp != NULL) { 1065 return (_B_TRUE); 1066 } else { 1067 return (_B_FALSE); 1068 } 1069 } 1070 1071 /* 1072 * Resolve the gateway names, splitting results into v4 and v6 lists. 1073 * Gateway addresses are added to the appropriate passed-in array; the 1074 * number of resolved gateways for each af is returned in resolved[6]. 1075 * Assumes that passed-in arrays are large enough for MAX_GWS[6] addrs 1076 * and resolved[6] ptrs are non-null; ignores array and counter if the 1077 * address family param makes them irrelevant. 1078 */ 1079 static void 1080 get_gwaddrs(char **gwlist, int family, union any_in_addr *gwIPlist, 1081 union any_in_addr *gwIPlist6, int *resolved, int *resolved6) 1082 { 1083 int i; 1084 boolean_t check_v4 = _B_TRUE, check_v6 = _B_TRUE; 1085 struct addrinfo *ai = NULL; 1086 struct addrinfo *aip = NULL; 1087 1088 *resolved = *resolved6 = 0; 1089 switch (family) { 1090 case AF_UNSPEC: 1091 break; 1092 case AF_INET: 1093 check_v6 = _B_FALSE; 1094 break; 1095 case AF_INET6: 1096 check_v4 = _B_FALSE; 1097 break; 1098 default: 1099 return; 1100 } 1101 1102 if (check_v4 && gw_count >= MAX_GWS) { 1103 check_v4 = _B_FALSE; 1104 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: too many IPv4 gateways\n", prog); 1105 num_v4 = 0; 1106 } 1107 if (check_v6 && gw_count >= MAX_GWS6) { 1108 check_v6 = _B_FALSE; 1109 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: too many IPv6 gateways\n", prog); 1110 num_v6 = 0; 1111 } 1112 1113 for (i = 0; i < gw_count; i++) { 1114 if (!check_v4 && !check_v6) 1115 return; 1116 get_hostinfo(gwlist[i], family, &ai); 1117 if (ai == NULL) 1118 return; 1119 if (check_v4 && num_v4 != 0) { 1120 check_v4 = _B_FALSE; 1121 for (aip = ai; aip != NULL; aip = aip->ai_next) { 1122 if (aip->ai_family == AF_INET) { 1123 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1124 bcopy(&((struct sockaddr_in *) 1125 aip->ai_addr)->sin_addr, 1126 &gwIPlist[i].addr, 1127 aip->ai_addrlen); 1128 (*resolved)++; 1129 check_v4 = _B_TRUE; 1130 break; 1131 } 1132 } 1133 } else if (check_v4) { 1134 check_v4 = _B_FALSE; 1135 } 1136 if (check_v6 && num_v6 != 0) { 1137 check_v6 = _B_FALSE; 1138 for (aip = ai; aip != NULL; aip = aip->ai_next) { 1139 if (aip->ai_family == AF_INET6) { 1140 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1141 bcopy(&((struct sockaddr_in6 *) 1142 aip->ai_addr)->sin6_addr, 1143 &gwIPlist6[i].addr6, 1144 aip->ai_addrlen); 1145 (*resolved6)++; 1146 check_v6 = _B_TRUE; 1147 break; 1148 } 1149 } 1150 } else if (check_v6) { 1151 check_v6 = _B_FALSE; 1152 } 1153 } 1154 freeaddrinfo(ai); 1155 } 1156 1157 /* 1158 * set protocol specific values here 1159 */ 1160 static void 1161 setup_protocol(struct pr_set *pr, int family) 1162 { 1163 /* 1164 * Set the global variables for each AF. This is going to save us lots 1165 * of "if (family == AF_INET)... else .." 1166 */ 1167 pr->family = family; 1168 1169 if (family == AF_INET) { 1170 if (!docksum) { 1171 Fprintf(stderr, 1172 "%s: Warning: checksums disabled\n", prog); 1173 } 1174 (void) strcpy(pr->name, "IPv4"); 1175 (void) strcpy(pr->icmp, "icmp"); 1176 pr->icmp_minlen = ICMP_MINLEN; 1177 pr->addr_len = sizeof (struct in_addr); 1178 pr->ip_hdr_len = sizeof (struct ip); 1179 pr->sock_size = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in); 1180 pr->to = (struct sockaddr *)&whereto; 1181 pr->from = (struct sockaddr *)&wherefrom; 1182 pr->from_sin_addr = (void *)&wherefrom.sin_addr; 1183 pr->gwIPlist = gwIPlist; 1184 pr->set_buffers_fn = set_buffers; 1185 pr->check_reply_fn = check_reply; 1186 pr->print_icmp_other_fn = print_icmp_other; 1187 pr->print_addr_fn = print_addr; 1188 pr->packlen = calc_packetlen(packlen_input, pr); 1189 } else { 1190 (void) strcpy(pr->name, "IPv6"); 1191 (void) strcpy(pr->icmp, "ipv6-icmp"); 1192 pr->icmp_minlen = ICMP6_MINLEN; 1193 pr->addr_len = sizeof (struct in6_addr); 1194 pr->ip_hdr_len = sizeof (struct ip6_hdr); 1195 pr->sock_size = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6); 1196 pr->to = (struct sockaddr *)&whereto6; 1197 pr->from = (struct sockaddr *)&wherefrom6; 1198 pr->from_sin_addr = (void *)&wherefrom6.sin6_addr; 1199 pr->gwIPlist = gwIP6list; 1200 pr->set_buffers_fn = set_buffers6; 1201 pr->check_reply_fn = check_reply6; 1202 pr->print_icmp_other_fn = print_icmp_other6; 1203 pr->print_addr_fn = print_addr6; 1204 pr->packlen = calc_packetlen(packlen_input, pr); 1205 } 1206 if (pr->packlen == 0) 1207 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1208 } 1209 1210 /* 1211 * setup the sockets for the given protocol's address family 1212 */ 1213 static void 1214 setup_socket(struct pr_set *pr, int packet_len) 1215 { 1216 int on = 1; 1217 struct protoent *pe; 1218 int type; 1219 int proto; 1220 int int_op; 1221 int rsock; 1222 int ssock; 1223 1224 if ((pe = getprotobyname(pr->icmp)) == NULL) { 1225 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown protocol %s\n", prog, pr->icmp); 1226 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1227 } 1228 1229 /* privilege bracketing */ 1230 (void) __priv_bracket(PRIV_ON); 1231 1232 if ((rsock = socket(pr->family, SOCK_RAW, pe->p_proto)) < 0) { 1233 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: icmp socket: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 1234 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1235 } 1236 1237 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 1238 if (setsockopt(rsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&on, 1239 sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1240 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_DEBUG: %s\n", prog, 1241 strerror(errno)); 1242 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1243 } 1244 } 1245 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 1246 if (setsockopt(rsock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&on, 1247 sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1248 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_DONTROUTE: %s\n", prog, 1249 strerror(errno)); 1250 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1251 } 1252 } 1253 1254 if (pr->family == AF_INET6) { 1255 /* Enable receipt of destination address info */ 1256 if (setsockopt(rsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVPKTINFO, 1257 (char *)&on, sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1258 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IPV6_RECVPKTINFO: %s\n", prog, 1259 strerror(errno)); 1260 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1261 } 1262 /* Enable receipt of hoplimit info */ 1263 if (setsockopt(rsock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT, 1264 (char *)&on, sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1265 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT: %s\n", prog, 1266 strerror(errno)); 1267 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1268 } 1269 1270 } 1271 1272 /* 1273 * Initialize the socket type and protocol based on the address 1274 * family, whether or not a raw IP socket is required (for IPv4) 1275 * or whether ICMP will be used instead of UDP. 1276 * 1277 * For historical reasons, the datagrams sent out by 1278 * traceroute(1M) do not have the "don't fragment" flag set. For 1279 * this reason as well as the ability to set the Loose Source and 1280 * Record Route (LSRR) option, a raw IP socket will be used for 1281 * IPv4 when run in the global zone. Otherwise, the actual 1282 * datagram that will be sent will be a regular UDP or ICMP echo 1283 * request packet. However for convenience and for future options 1284 * when other IP header information may be specified using 1285 * traceroute, the buffer including the raw IP and UDP or ICMP 1286 * header is always filled in. When the probe is actually sent, 1287 * the size of the request and the start of the packet is set 1288 * according to the type of datagram to send. 1289 */ 1290 if (pr->family == AF_INET && raw_req) { 1291 type = SOCK_RAW; 1292 proto = IPPROTO_RAW; 1293 } else if (useicmp) { 1294 type = SOCK_RAW; 1295 if (pr->family == AF_INET) 1296 proto = IPPROTO_ICMP; 1297 else 1298 proto = IPPROTO_ICMPV6; 1299 } else { 1300 type = SOCK_DGRAM; 1301 proto = IPPROTO_UDP; 1302 } 1303 ssock = socket(pr->family, type, proto); 1304 1305 if (ssock < 0) { 1306 if (proto == IPPROTO_RAW) { 1307 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: raw socket: %s\n", prog, 1308 strerror(errno)); 1309 } else if (proto == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1310 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: udp socket: %s\n", prog, 1311 strerror(errno)); 1312 } else { 1313 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: icmp socket: %s\n", prog, 1314 strerror(errno)); 1315 } 1316 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1317 } 1318 1319 if (setsockopt(ssock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char *)&packet_len, 1320 sizeof (packet_len)) < 0) { 1321 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_SNDBUF: %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 1322 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1323 } 1324 1325 if (pr->family == AF_INET && raw_req) { 1326 if (setsockopt(ssock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, (char *)&on, 1327 sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1328 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IP_HDRINCL: %s\n", prog, 1329 strerror(errno)); 1330 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1331 } 1332 } 1333 1334 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 1335 if (setsockopt(ssock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&on, 1336 sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1337 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_DEBUG: %s\n", prog, 1338 strerror(errno)); 1339 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1340 } 1341 } 1342 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 1343 if (setsockopt(ssock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 1344 (char *)&on, sizeof (on)) < 0) { 1345 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: SO_DONTROUTE: %s\n", prog, 1346 strerror(errno)); 1347 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1348 } 1349 } 1350 1351 /* 1352 * If a raw IPv4 packet is going to be sent, the Type of Service 1353 * field in the packet will be initialized in set_buffers(). 1354 * Otherwise, it is initialized here using the IPPROTO_IP level 1355 * socket option. 1356 */ 1357 if (settos && !raw_req) { 1358 int_op = tos; 1359 if (setsockopt(ssock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS, (char *)&int_op, 1360 sizeof (int_op)) < 0) { 1361 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IP_TOS: %s\n", prog, 1362 strerror(errno)); 1363 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1364 } 1365 } 1366 1367 /* We enable or disable to not depend on the kernel default */ 1368 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 1369 if (setsockopt(ssock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_DONTFRAG, 1370 (char *)&dontfrag, sizeof (dontfrag)) == -1) { 1371 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IP_DONTFRAG %s\n", prog, 1372 strerror(errno)); 1373 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1374 } 1375 } else { 1376 if (setsockopt(ssock, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_DONTFRAG, 1377 (char *)&dontfrag, sizeof (dontfrag)) == -1) { 1378 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: IPV6_DONTFRAG %s\n", prog, 1379 strerror(errno)); 1380 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1381 } 1382 } 1383 1384 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 1385 rcvsock4 = rsock; 1386 sndsock4 = ssock; 1387 } else { 1388 rcvsock6 = rsock; 1389 sndsock6 = ssock; 1390 } 1391 /* Revert to non-privileged user after configuring sockets */ 1392 (void) __priv_bracket(PRIV_OFF); 1393 } 1394 1395 /* 1396 * If we are "probing all", this function calls traceroute() for each IP address 1397 * of the target, otherwise calls only once. Returns _B_FALSE if traceroute() 1398 * fails. 1399 */ 1400 static void 1401 trace_it(struct addrinfo *ai_dst) 1402 { 1403 struct msghdr msg6; 1404 int num_dst_IPaddrs; 1405 struct addrinfo *aip; 1406 int i; 1407 1408 if (!probe_all) 1409 num_dst_IPaddrs = 1; 1410 else 1411 num_dst_IPaddrs = num_v4 + num_v6; 1412 1413 /* 1414 * Initialize the msg6 structure using the hoplimit for the first 1415 * probe packet, gateway addresses and the outgoing interface index. 1416 */ 1417 if (ai_dst->ai_family == AF_INET6 || (probe_all && num_v6)) { 1418 msg6.msg_control = NULL; 1419 msg6.msg_controllen = 0; 1420 set_ancillary_data(&msg6, first_ttl, pr6->gwIPlist, gw_count, 1421 if_index); 1422 } 1423 1424 /* run traceroute for all the IP addresses of the multihomed dest */ 1425 for (aip = ai_dst, i = 0; i < num_dst_IPaddrs && aip != NULL; i++) { 1426 union any_in_addr *addrp; 1427 if (aip->ai_family == AF_INET) { 1428 addrp = (union any_in_addr *) 1429 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1430 &((struct sockaddr_in *) 1431 aip->ai_addr)->sin_addr; 1432 set_sin((struct sockaddr *)pr4->to, addrp, 1433 aip->ai_family); 1434 traceroute(addrp, &msg6, pr4, num_ifs4, al4); 1435 } else { 1436 addrp = (union any_in_addr *) 1437 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1438 &((struct sockaddr_in6 *) 1439 aip->ai_addr)->sin6_addr; 1440 set_sin((struct sockaddr *)pr6->to, addrp, 1441 aip->ai_family); 1442 traceroute(addrp, &msg6, pr6, num_ifs6, al6); 1443 } 1444 aip = aip->ai_next; 1445 if (i < (num_dst_IPaddrs - 1)) 1446 (void) putchar('\n'); 1447 } 1448 } 1449 1450 /* 1451 * set the IP address in a sockaddr struct 1452 */ 1453 static void 1454 set_sin(struct sockaddr *sock, union any_in_addr *addr, int family) 1455 { 1456 sock->sa_family = family; 1457 1458 if (family == AF_INET) 1459 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1460 ((struct sockaddr_in *)sock)->sin_addr = addr->addr; 1461 else 1462 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1463 ((struct sockaddr_in6 *)sock)->sin6_addr = addr->addr6; 1464 } 1465 1466 /* 1467 * returns the IF name on which the given IP address is configured 1468 */ 1469 static char * 1470 device_name(struct ifaddrlist *al, int len, union any_in_addr *ip_addr, 1471 struct pr_set *pr) 1472 { 1473 int i; 1474 struct ifaddrlist *tmp_al; 1475 1476 tmp_al = al; 1477 1478 for (i = 0; i < len; i++, tmp_al++) { 1479 if (memcmp(&tmp_al->addr, ip_addr, pr->addr_len) == 0) { 1480 return (tmp_al->device); 1481 } 1482 } 1483 1484 return (NULL); 1485 } 1486 1487 /* 1488 * Trace the route to the host with given IP address. 1489 */ 1490 static void 1491 traceroute(union any_in_addr *ip_addr, struct msghdr *msg6, struct pr_set *pr, 1492 int num_ifs, struct ifaddrlist *al) 1493 { 1494 int ttl; 1495 int probe; 1496 uchar_t type; /* icmp type */ 1497 uchar_t code; /* icmp code */ 1498 int reply; 1499 int seq = 0; 1500 char abuf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN]; /* use for inet_ntop() */ 1501 int longjmp_return; /* return value from longjump */ 1502 struct ip *ip = (struct ip *)packet; 1503 boolean_t got_there = _B_FALSE; /* we hit the destination */ 1504 static boolean_t first_pkt = _B_TRUE; 1505 int hoplimit; /* hoplimit for IPv6 packets */ 1506 struct in6_addr addr6; 1507 int num_src_ifs; /* excludes down and loopback */ 1508 struct msghdr in_msg; 1509 struct iovec iov; 1510 int *intp; 1511 int sndsock; 1512 int rcvsock; 1513 1514 msg6->msg_name = pr->to; 1515 msg6->msg_namelen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6); 1516 sndsock = (pr->family == AF_INET) ? sndsock4 : sndsock6; 1517 rcvsock = (pr->family == AF_INET) ? rcvsock4 : rcvsock6; 1518 1519 /* carry out the source address selection */ 1520 if (pick_src) { 1521 union any_in_addr src_addr; 1522 char *dev_name; 1523 int i; 1524 1525 /* 1526 * If there's a gateway, a routing header as a consequence, our 1527 * kernel picks the source address based on the first hop 1528 * address, rather than final destination address. 1529 */ 1530 if (gw_count > 0) { 1531 (void) select_src_addr(pr->gwIPlist, &src_addr, 1532 pr->family); 1533 } else { 1534 (void) select_src_addr(ip_addr, &src_addr, pr->family); 1535 } 1536 set_sin(pr->from, &src_addr, pr->family); 1537 1538 /* filter out down and loopback interfaces */ 1539 num_src_ifs = 0; 1540 for (i = 0; i < num_ifs; i++) { 1541 if (!(al[i].flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) && 1542 (al[i].flags & IFF_UP)) 1543 num_src_ifs++; 1544 } 1545 1546 if (num_src_ifs > 1) { 1547 dev_name = device_name(al, num_ifs, &src_addr, pr); 1548 if (dev_name == NULL) 1549 dev_name = "?"; 1550 1551 (void) inet_ntop(pr->family, pr->from_sin_addr, abuf, 1552 sizeof (abuf)); 1553 Fprintf(stderr, 1554 "%s: Warning: Multiple interfaces found;" 1555 " using %s @ %s\n", prog, abuf, dev_name); 1556 } 1557 } 1558 1559 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 1560 outip4->ip_src = *(struct in_addr *)pr->from_sin_addr; 1561 outip4->ip_dst = ip_addr->addr; 1562 } 1563 1564 /* 1565 * If the hostname is an IPv6 literal address, let's not print it twice. 1566 */ 1567 if (pr->family == AF_INET6 && 1568 inet_pton(AF_INET6, hostname, &addr6) > 0) { 1569 Fprintf(stderr, "%s to %s", prog, hostname); 1570 } else { 1571 Fprintf(stderr, "%s to %s (%s)", prog, hostname, 1572 inet_ntop(pr->family, ip_addr, abuf, sizeof (abuf))); 1573 } 1574 1575 if (source) 1576 Fprintf(stderr, " from %s", source); 1577 Fprintf(stderr, ", %d hops max, %d byte packets\n", max_ttl, 1578 pr->packlen); 1579 (void) fflush(stderr); 1580 1581 /* 1582 * Setup the source routing for IPv4. For IPv6, we did the required 1583 * setup in the caller function, trace_it(), because it's independent 1584 * from the IP address of target. 1585 */ 1586 if (pr->family == AF_INET && gw_count > 0) 1587 set_IPv4opt_sourcerouting(sndsock, ip_addr, pr->gwIPlist); 1588 1589 if (probe_all) { 1590 /* interrupt handler sig_handler() jumps back to here */ 1591 if ((longjmp_return = setjmp(env)) != 0) { 1592 switch (longjmp_return) { 1593 case SIGINT: 1594 Printf("(skipping)\n"); 1595 return; 1596 case SIGQUIT: 1597 Printf("(exiting)\n"); 1598 exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); 1599 default: /* should never happen */ 1600 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1601 } 1602 } 1603 (void) signal(SIGINT, sig_handler); 1604 } 1605 1606 for (ttl = first_ttl; ttl <= max_ttl; ++ttl) { 1607 union any_in_addr lastaddr; 1608 int timeouts = 0; 1609 double rtt; /* for statistics */ 1610 int nreceived = 0; 1611 double rttmin, rttmax; 1612 double rttsum, rttssq; 1613 int unreachable; 1614 1615 got_there = _B_FALSE; 1616 unreachable = 0; 1617 1618 /* 1619 * The following line clears both IPv4 and IPv6 address stored 1620 * in the union. 1621 */ 1622 lastaddr.addr6 = in6addr_any; 1623 1624 if ((ttl == (first_ttl + 1)) && (options & SO_DONTROUTE)) { 1625 Fprintf(stderr, 1626 "%s: host %s is not on a directly-attached" 1627 " network\n", prog, hostname); 1628 break; 1629 } 1630 1631 Printf("%2d ", ttl); 1632 (void) fflush(stdout); 1633 1634 for (probe = 0; (probe < nprobes) && (timeouts < max_timeout); 1635 ++probe) { 1636 int cc; 1637 struct timeval t1, t2; 1638 1639 /* 1640 * Put a delay before sending this probe packet. Don't 1641 * delay it if it's the very first packet. 1642 */ 1643 if (!first_pkt) { 1644 if (delay.tv_sec > 0) 1645 (void) sleep((uint_t)delay.tv_sec); 1646 if (delay.tv_usec > 0) 1647 (void) usleep(delay.tv_usec); 1648 } else { 1649 first_pkt = _B_FALSE; 1650 } 1651 1652 (void) gettimeofday(&t1, NULL); 1653 1654 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 1655 send_probe(sndsock, pr->to, outip4, seq, ttl, 1656 &t1, pr->packlen); 1657 } else { 1658 send_probe6(sndsock, msg6, outip6, seq, ttl, 1659 &t1, pr->packlen); 1660 } 1661 1662 /* prepare msghdr for recvmsg() */ 1663 in_msg.msg_name = pr->from; 1664 in_msg.msg_namelen = pr->sock_size; 1665 1666 iov.iov_base = (char *)packet; 1667 iov.iov_len = sizeof (packet); 1668 1669 in_msg.msg_iov = &iov; 1670 in_msg.msg_iovlen = 1; 1671 1672 in_msg.msg_control = ancillary_data; 1673 in_msg.msg_controllen = sizeof (ancillary_data); 1674 1675 while ((cc = wait_for_reply(rcvsock, &in_msg, 1676 &t1)) != 0) { 1677 (void) gettimeofday(&t2, NULL); 1678 1679 reply = (*pr->check_reply_fn) (&in_msg, cc, seq, 1680 &type, &code); 1681 1682 in_msg.msg_controllen = 1683 sizeof (ancillary_data); 1684 /* Skip short packet */ 1685 if (reply == REPLY_SHORT_PKT) { 1686 continue; 1687 } 1688 1689 timeouts = 0; 1690 1691 /* 1692 * if reply comes from a different host, print 1693 * the hostname 1694 */ 1695 if (memcmp(pr->from_sin_addr, &lastaddr, 1696 pr->addr_len) != 0) { 1697 (*pr->print_addr_fn) ((uchar_t *)packet, 1698 cc, pr->from); 1699 /* store the address response */ 1700 (void) memcpy(&lastaddr, 1701 pr->from_sin_addr, pr->addr_len); 1702 } 1703 1704 rtt = deltaT(&t1, &t2); 1705 if (collect_stat) { 1706 record_stats(rtt, &nreceived, &rttmin, 1707 &rttmax, &rttsum, &rttssq); 1708 } else { 1709 Printf(" %.3f ms", rtt); 1710 } 1711 1712 if (pr->family == AF_INET6) { 1713 intp = find_ancillary_data(&in_msg, 1714 IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_HOPLIMIT); 1715 if (intp == NULL) { 1716 Fprintf(stderr, 1717 "%s: can't find " 1718 "IPV6_HOPLIMIT ancillary " 1719 "data\n", prog); 1720 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1721 } 1722 hoplimit = *intp; 1723 } 1724 1725 if (reply == REPLY_GOT_TARGET) { 1726 got_there = _B_TRUE; 1727 1728 if (((pr->family == AF_INET) && 1729 (ip->ip_ttl <= 1)) || 1730 ((pr->family == AF_INET6) && 1731 (hoplimit <= 1))) 1732 Printf(" !"); 1733 } 1734 1735 if (!collect_stat && showttl) { 1736 if (pr->family == AF_INET) { 1737 Printf(" (ttl=%d)", 1738 (int)ip->ip_ttl); 1739 } else if (hoplimit != -1) { 1740 Printf(" (hop limit=%d)", 1741 hoplimit); 1742 } 1743 } 1744 1745 if (reply == REPLY_GOT_OTHER) { 1746 if ((*pr->print_icmp_other_fn) 1747 (type, code)) { 1748 unreachable++; 1749 } 1750 } 1751 1752 /* special case */ 1753 if (pr->family == AF_INET && 1754 type == ICMP_UNREACH && 1755 code == ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL) 1756 got_there = _B_TRUE; 1757 1758 break; 1759 } 1760 1761 seq = (seq + 1) % (MAX_SEQ + 1); 1762 1763 if (cc == 0) { 1764 Printf(" *"); 1765 timeouts++; 1766 } 1767 1768 (void) fflush(stdout); 1769 } 1770 1771 if (collect_stat) { 1772 print_stats(probe, nreceived, rttmin, rttmax, rttsum, 1773 rttssq); 1774 } 1775 1776 (void) putchar('\n'); 1777 1778 /* either we hit the target or received too many unreachables */ 1779 if (got_there || 1780 (unreachable > 0 && unreachable >= nprobes - 1)) 1781 break; 1782 } 1783 1784 /* Ignore the SIGINT between traceroute() runs */ 1785 if (probe_all) 1786 (void) signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); 1787 } 1788 1789 /* 1790 * for a given destination address and address family, it finds out what 1791 * source address kernel is going to pick 1792 */ 1793 static void 1794 select_src_addr(union any_in_addr *dst_addr, union any_in_addr *src_addr, 1795 int family) 1796 { 1797 int tmp_fd; 1798 struct sockaddr *sock; 1799 struct sockaddr_in *sin; 1800 struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6; 1801 size_t sock_len; 1802 1803 sock = (struct sockaddr *)malloc(sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6)); 1804 if (sock == NULL) { 1805 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: malloc %s\n", prog, strerror(errno)); 1806 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1807 } 1808 (void) bzero(sock, sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6)); 1809 1810 if (family == AF_INET) { 1811 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1812 sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)sock; 1813 sin->sin_family = AF_INET; 1814 sin->sin_addr = dst_addr->addr; 1815 sin->sin_port = IPPORT_ECHO; /* port shouldn't be 0 */ 1816 sock_len = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in); 1817 } else { 1818 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1819 sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)sock; 1820 sin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6; 1821 sin6->sin6_addr = dst_addr->addr6; 1822 sin6->sin6_port = IPPORT_ECHO; /* port shouldn't be 0 */ 1823 sock_len = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6); 1824 } 1825 1826 /* open a UDP socket */ 1827 if ((tmp_fd = socket(family, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) { 1828 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: udp socket: %s\n", prog, 1829 strerror(errno)); 1830 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1831 } 1832 1833 /* connect it */ 1834 if (connect(tmp_fd, sock, sock_len) < 0) { 1835 /* 1836 * If there's no route to the destination, this connect() call 1837 * fails. We just return all-zero (wildcard) as the source 1838 * address, so that user can get to see "no route to dest" 1839 * message, as it'll try to send the probe packet out and will 1840 * receive ICMP unreachable. 1841 */ 1842 if (family == AF_INET) 1843 src_addr->addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; 1844 else 1845 src_addr->addr6 = in6addr_any; 1846 free(sock); 1847 return; 1848 } 1849 1850 /* get the local sock info */ 1851 if (getsockname(tmp_fd, sock, &sock_len) < 0) { 1852 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: getsockname: %s\n", prog, 1853 strerror(errno)); 1854 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 1855 } 1856 1857 if (family == AF_INET) { 1858 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1859 sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)sock; 1860 src_addr->addr = sin->sin_addr; 1861 } else { 1862 /* LINTED E_BAD_PTR_CAST_ALIGN */ 1863 sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)sock; 1864 src_addr->addr6 = sin6->sin6_addr; 1865 } 1866 1867 free(sock); 1868 (void) close(tmp_fd); 1869 } 1870 1871 /* 1872 * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) 1873 */ 1874 ushort_t 1875 in_cksum(ushort_t *addr, int len) 1876 { 1877 int nleft = len; 1878 ushort_t *w = addr; 1879 ushort_t answer; 1880 int sum = 0; 1881 1882 /* 1883 * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), 1884 * we add sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold 1885 * back all the carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 1886 * 16 bits. 1887 */ 1888 while (nleft > 1) { 1889 sum += *w++; 1890 nleft -= 2; 1891 } 1892 1893 /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ 1894 if (nleft == 1) 1895 sum += *(uchar_t *)w; 1896 1897 /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ 1898 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ 1899 sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ 1900 answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ 1901 return (answer); 1902 } 1903 1904 /* 1905 * Wait until a reply arrives or timeout occurs. If packet arrived, read it 1906 * return the size of the packet read. 1907 */ 1908 static int 1909 wait_for_reply(int sock, struct msghdr *msg, struct timeval *tp) 1910 { 1911 fd_set fds; 1912 struct timeval now, wait; 1913 int cc = 0; 1914 int result; 1915 1916 (void) FD_ZERO(&fds); 1917 FD_SET(sock, &fds); 1918 1919 wait.tv_sec = tp->tv_sec + waittime; 1920 wait.tv_usec = tp->tv_usec; 1921 (void) gettimeofday(&now, NULL); 1922 tv_sub(&wait, &now); 1923 1924 if (wait.tv_sec < 0 || wait.tv_usec < 0) 1925 return (0); 1926 1927 result = select(sock + 1, &fds, (fd_set *)NULL, (fd_set *)NULL, &wait); 1928 1929 if (result == -1) { 1930 if (errno != EINTR) { 1931 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: select: %s\n", prog, 1932 strerror(errno)); 1933 } 1934 } else if (result > 0) 1935 cc = recvmsg(sock, msg, 0); 1936 1937 return (cc); 1938 } 1939 1940 /* 1941 * Construct an Internet address representation. If the nflag has been supplied, 1942 * give numeric value, otherwise try for symbolic name. 1943 */ 1944 char * 1945 inet_name(union any_in_addr *in, int family) 1946 { 1947 char *cp; 1948 static boolean_t first = _B_TRUE; 1949 static char domain[NI_MAXHOST + 1]; 1950 static char line[NI_MAXHOST + 1]; /* assuming */ 1951 /* (NI_MAXHOST + 1) >= INET6_ADDRSTRLEN */ 1952 char hbuf[NI_MAXHOST]; 1953 socklen_t slen; 1954 struct sockaddr_in sin; 1955 struct sockaddr_in6 sin6; 1956 struct sockaddr *sa; 1957 int flags; 1958 1959 switch (family) { 1960 case AF_INET: 1961 slen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in); 1962 sin.sin_addr = in->addr; 1963 sin.sin_port = 0; 1964 sa = (struct sockaddr *)&sin; 1965 break; 1966 case AF_INET6: 1967 slen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in6); 1968 sin6.sin6_addr = in->addr6; 1969 sin6.sin6_port = 0; 1970 sin6.sin6_scope_id = 0; 1971 sa = (struct sockaddr *)&sin6; 1972 break; 1973 default: 1974 (void) snprintf(line, sizeof (line), 1975 "<invalid address family>"); 1976 return (line); 1977 } 1978 sa->sa_family = family; 1979 1980 if (first && !nflag) { 1981 /* find out the domain name */ 1982 first = _B_FALSE; 1983 if (gethostname(domain, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) == 0 && 1984 (cp = strchr(domain, '.')) != NULL) { 1985 (void) strncpy(domain, cp + 1, sizeof (domain) - 1); 1986 domain[sizeof (domain) - 1] = '\0'; 1987 } else { 1988 domain[0] = '\0'; 1989 } 1990 } 1991 1992 flags = (nflag) ? NI_NUMERICHOST : NI_NAMEREQD; 1993 if (getnameinfo(sa, slen, hbuf, sizeof (hbuf), NULL, 0, flags) != 0) { 1994 if (inet_ntop(family, (const void *)&in->addr6, 1995 hbuf, sizeof (hbuf)) == NULL) 1996 hbuf[0] = 0; 1997 } else if (!nflag && (cp = strchr(hbuf, '.')) != NULL && 1998 strcmp(cp + 1, domain) == 0) { 1999 *cp = '\0'; 2000 } 2001 (void) strlcpy(line, hbuf, sizeof (line)); 2002 2003 return (line); 2004 } 2005 2006 /* 2007 * return the difference (in msec) between two time values 2008 */ 2009 static double 2010 deltaT(struct timeval *t1p, struct timeval *t2p) 2011 { 2012 double dt; 2013 2014 dt = (double)(t2p->tv_sec - t1p->tv_sec) * 1000.0 + 2015 (double)(t2p->tv_usec - t1p->tv_usec) / 1000.0; 2016 return (dt); 2017 } 2018 2019 /* 2020 * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. 2021 * Out is assumed to be >= in. 2022 */ 2023 static void 2024 tv_sub(struct timeval *out, struct timeval *in) 2025 { 2026 if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { 2027 --out->tv_sec; 2028 out->tv_usec += 1000000; 2029 } 2030 out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; 2031 } 2032 2033 /* 2034 * record statistics 2035 */ 2036 static void 2037 record_stats(double rtt, int *nreceived, double *rttmin, double *rttmax, 2038 double *rttsum, double *rttssq) 2039 { 2040 if (*nreceived == 0) { 2041 *rttmin = rtt; 2042 *rttmax = rtt; 2043 *rttsum = rtt; 2044 *rttssq = rtt * rtt; 2045 } else { 2046 if (rtt < *rttmin) 2047 *rttmin = rtt; 2048 2049 if (rtt > *rttmax) 2050 *rttmax = rtt; 2051 2052 *rttsum += rtt; 2053 *rttssq += rtt * rtt; 2054 } 2055 2056 (*nreceived)++; 2057 } 2058 2059 /* 2060 * display statistics 2061 */ 2062 static void 2063 print_stats(int ntransmitted, int nreceived, double rttmin, double rttmax, 2064 double rttsum, double rttssq) 2065 { 2066 double rttavg; /* average round-trip time */ 2067 double rttstd; /* rtt standard deviation */ 2068 2069 if (ntransmitted > 0 && ntransmitted >= nreceived) { 2070 int missed = ntransmitted - nreceived; 2071 double loss = 100 * (double)missed / (double)ntransmitted; 2072 2073 if (nreceived > 0) { 2074 rttavg = rttsum / nreceived; 2075 rttstd = rttssq - (rttavg * rttsum); 2076 rttstd = xsqrt(rttstd / nreceived); 2077 2078 Printf(" %.3f", rttmin); 2079 Printf("/%.3f", rttavg); 2080 Printf("/%.3f", rttmax); 2081 2082 Printf(" (%.3f) ms ", rttstd); 2083 } 2084 2085 Printf(" %d/%d pkts", nreceived, ntransmitted); 2086 2087 if (nreceived == 0) 2088 Printf(" (100%% loss)"); 2089 else 2090 Printf(" (%.2g%% loss)", loss); 2091 } 2092 } 2093 2094 /* 2095 * square root function 2096 */ 2097 double 2098 xsqrt(double y) 2099 { 2100 double t, x; 2101 2102 if (y <= 0) { 2103 return (0.0); 2104 } 2105 2106 x = (y < 1.0) ? 1.0 : y; 2107 do { 2108 t = x; 2109 x = (t + (y/t))/2.0; 2110 } while (0 < x && x < t); 2111 2112 return (x); 2113 } 2114 2115 /* 2116 * String to double with optional min and max. 2117 */ 2118 static double 2119 str2dbl(const char *str, const char *what, double mi, double ma) 2120 { 2121 double val; 2122 char *ep; 2123 2124 errno = 0; 2125 2126 val = strtod(str, &ep); 2127 if (errno != 0 || *ep != '\0') { 2128 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: \"%s\" bad value for %s \n", 2129 prog, str, what); 2130 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2131 } 2132 if (val < mi && mi >= 0) { 2133 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be >= %f\n", prog, what, mi); 2134 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2135 } 2136 if (val > ma && ma >= 0) { 2137 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be <= %f\n", prog, what, ma); 2138 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2139 } 2140 return (val); 2141 } 2142 2143 /* 2144 * String to int with optional min and max. Handles decimal and hex. 2145 */ 2146 static int 2147 str2int(const char *str, const char *what, int mi, int ma) 2148 { 2149 const char *cp; 2150 int val; 2151 char *ep; 2152 2153 errno = 0; 2154 2155 if (str[0] == '0' && (str[1] == 'x' || str[1] == 'X')) { 2156 cp = str + 2; 2157 val = (int)strtol(cp, &ep, 16); 2158 } else { 2159 val = (int)strtol(str, &ep, 10); 2160 } 2161 if (errno != 0 || *ep != '\0') { 2162 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: \"%s\" bad value for %s \n", 2163 prog, str, what); 2164 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2165 } 2166 if (val < mi && mi >= 0) { 2167 if (mi == 0) { 2168 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be >= %d\n", 2169 prog, what, mi); 2170 } else { 2171 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be > %d\n", 2172 prog, what, mi - 1); 2173 } 2174 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2175 } 2176 if (val > ma && ma >= 0) { 2177 Fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s must be <= %d\n", prog, what, ma); 2178 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2179 } 2180 return (val); 2181 } 2182 2183 /* 2184 * This is the interrupt handler for SIGINT and SIGQUIT. It's completely handled 2185 * where it jumps to. 2186 */ 2187 static void 2188 sig_handler(int sig) 2189 { 2190 longjmp(env, sig); 2191 } 2192 2193 /* 2194 * display the usage of traceroute 2195 */ 2196 static void 2197 usage(void) 2198 { 2199 Fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-adFIlnSvx] [-A address_family] " 2200 "[-c traffic_class]\n" 2201 "\t[-f first_hop] [-g gateway [-g gateway ...]| -r] [-i iface]\n" 2202 "\t[-L flow_label] [-m max_hop] [-P pause_sec] [-p port] " 2203 "[-Q max_timeout]\n" 2204 "\t[-q nqueries] [-s src_addr] [-t tos] [-w wait_time] host " 2205 "[packetlen]\n", prog); 2206 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 2207 } 2208