xref: /titanic_51/usr/src/uts/intel/io/acpica/executer/exprep.c (revision a9478106a12424322498e53cf7cd75bd8a4d6004)
1 
2 /******************************************************************************
3  *
4  * Module Name: exprep - ACPI AML (p-code) execution - field prep utilities
5  *
6  *****************************************************************************/
7 
8 /*
9  * Copyright (C) 2000 - 2011, Intel Corp.
10  * All rights reserved.
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer,
17  *    without modification.
18  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce at minimum a disclaimer
19  *    substantially similar to the "NO WARRANTY" disclaimer below
20  *    ("Disclaimer") and any redistribution must be conditioned upon
21  *    including a substantially similar Disclaimer requirement for further
22  *    binary redistribution.
23  * 3. Neither the names of the above-listed copyright holders nor the names
24  *    of any contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
25  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * Alternatively, this software may be distributed under the terms of the
28  * GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 as published by the Free
29  * Software Foundation.
30  *
31  * NO WARRANTY
32  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
33  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
34  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR
35  * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
36  * HOLDERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
37  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
38  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
39  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
40  * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
41  * IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
42  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
43  */
44 
45 #define __EXPREP_C__
46 
47 #include "acpi.h"
48 #include "accommon.h"
49 #include "acinterp.h"
50 #include "amlcode.h"
51 #include "acnamesp.h"
52 
53 
54 #define _COMPONENT          ACPI_EXECUTER
55         ACPI_MODULE_NAME    ("exprep")
56 
57 /* Local prototypes */
58 
59 static UINT32
60 AcpiExDecodeFieldAccess (
61     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     *ObjDesc,
62     UINT8                   FieldFlags,
63     UINT32                  *ReturnByteAlignment);
64 
65 
66 #ifdef ACPI_UNDER_DEVELOPMENT
67 
68 static UINT32
69 AcpiExGenerateAccess (
70     UINT32                  FieldBitOffset,
71     UINT32                  FieldBitLength,
72     UINT32                  RegionLength);
73 
74 /*******************************************************************************
75  *
76  * FUNCTION:    AcpiExGenerateAccess
77  *
78  * PARAMETERS:  FieldBitOffset      - Start of field within parent region/buffer
79  *              FieldBitLength      - Length of field in bits
80  *              RegionLength        - Length of parent in bytes
81  *
82  * RETURN:      Field granularity (8, 16, 32 or 64) and
83  *              ByteAlignment (1, 2, 3, or 4)
84  *
85  * DESCRIPTION: Generate an optimal access width for fields defined with the
86  *              AnyAcc keyword.
87  *
88  * NOTE: Need to have the RegionLength in order to check for boundary
89  *       conditions (end-of-region).  However, the RegionLength is a deferred
90  *       operation.  Therefore, to complete this implementation, the generation
91  *       of this access width must be deferred until the region length has
92  *       been evaluated.
93  *
94  ******************************************************************************/
95 
96 static UINT32
97 AcpiExGenerateAccess (
98     UINT32                  FieldBitOffset,
99     UINT32                  FieldBitLength,
100     UINT32                  RegionLength)
101 {
102     UINT32                  FieldByteLength;
103     UINT32                  FieldByteOffset;
104     UINT32                  FieldByteEndOffset;
105     UINT32                  AccessByteWidth;
106     UINT32                  FieldStartOffset;
107     UINT32                  FieldEndOffset;
108     UINT32                  MinimumAccessWidth = 0xFFFFFFFF;
109     UINT32                  MinimumAccesses = 0xFFFFFFFF;
110     UINT32                  Accesses;
111 
112 
113     ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE (ExGenerateAccess);
114 
115 
116     /* Round Field start offset and length to "minimal" byte boundaries */
117 
118     FieldByteOffset    = ACPI_DIV_8 (ACPI_ROUND_DOWN (FieldBitOffset, 8));
119     FieldByteEndOffset = ACPI_DIV_8 (ACPI_ROUND_UP   (FieldBitLength +
120                                                       FieldBitOffset, 8));
121     FieldByteLength    = FieldByteEndOffset - FieldByteOffset;
122 
123     ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_BFIELD,
124         "Bit length %u, Bit offset %u\n",
125         FieldBitLength, FieldBitOffset));
126 
127     ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_BFIELD,
128         "Byte Length %u, Byte Offset %u, End Offset %u\n",
129         FieldByteLength, FieldByteOffset, FieldByteEndOffset));
130 
131     /*
132      * Iterative search for the maximum access width that is both aligned
133      * and does not go beyond the end of the region
134      *
135      * Start at ByteAcc and work upwards to QwordAcc max. (1,2,4,8 bytes)
136      */
137     for (AccessByteWidth = 1; AccessByteWidth <= 8; AccessByteWidth <<= 1)
138     {
139         /*
140          * 1) Round end offset up to next access boundary and make sure that
141          *    this does not go beyond the end of the parent region.
142          * 2) When the Access width is greater than the FieldByteLength, we
143          *    are done. (This does not optimize for the perfectly aligned
144          *    case yet).
145          */
146         if (ACPI_ROUND_UP (FieldByteEndOffset, AccessByteWidth) <= RegionLength)
147         {
148             FieldStartOffset =
149                 ACPI_ROUND_DOWN (FieldByteOffset, AccessByteWidth) /
150                 AccessByteWidth;
151 
152             FieldEndOffset =
153                 ACPI_ROUND_UP ((FieldByteLength + FieldByteOffset),
154                     AccessByteWidth) / AccessByteWidth;
155 
156             Accesses = FieldEndOffset - FieldStartOffset;
157 
158             ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_BFIELD,
159                 "AccessWidth %u end is within region\n", AccessByteWidth));
160 
161             ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_BFIELD,
162                 "Field Start %u, Field End %u -- requires %u accesses\n",
163                 FieldStartOffset, FieldEndOffset, Accesses));
164 
165             /* Single access is optimal */
166 
167             if (Accesses <= 1)
168             {
169                 ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_BFIELD,
170                     "Entire field can be accessed with one operation of size %u\n",
171                     AccessByteWidth));
172                 return_VALUE (AccessByteWidth);
173             }
174 
175             /*
176              * Fits in the region, but requires more than one read/write.
177              * try the next wider access on next iteration
178              */
179             if (Accesses < MinimumAccesses)
180             {
181                 MinimumAccesses    = Accesses;
182                 MinimumAccessWidth = AccessByteWidth;
183             }
184         }
185         else
186         {
187             ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_BFIELD,
188                 "AccessWidth %u end is NOT within region\n", AccessByteWidth));
189             if (AccessByteWidth == 1)
190             {
191                 ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_BFIELD,
192                     "Field goes beyond end-of-region!\n"));
193 
194                 /* Field does not fit in the region at all */
195 
196                 return_VALUE (0);
197             }
198 
199             /*
200              * This width goes beyond the end-of-region, back off to
201              * previous access
202              */
203             ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_BFIELD,
204                 "Backing off to previous optimal access width of %u\n",
205                 MinimumAccessWidth));
206             return_VALUE (MinimumAccessWidth);
207         }
208     }
209 
210     /*
211      * Could not read/write field with one operation,
212      * just use max access width
213      */
214     ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_BFIELD,
215         "Cannot access field in one operation, using width 8\n"));
216     return_VALUE (8);
217 }
218 #endif /* ACPI_UNDER_DEVELOPMENT */
219 
220 
221 /*******************************************************************************
222  *
223  * FUNCTION:    AcpiExDecodeFieldAccess
224  *
225  * PARAMETERS:  ObjDesc             - Field object
226  *              FieldFlags          - Encoded fieldflags (contains access bits)
227  *              ReturnByteAlignment - Where the byte alignment is returned
228  *
229  * RETURN:      Field granularity (8, 16, 32 or 64) and
230  *              ByteAlignment (1, 2, 3, or 4)
231  *
232  * DESCRIPTION: Decode the AccessType bits of a field definition.
233  *
234  ******************************************************************************/
235 
236 static UINT32
237 AcpiExDecodeFieldAccess (
238     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     *ObjDesc,
239     UINT8                   FieldFlags,
240     UINT32                  *ReturnByteAlignment)
241 {
242     UINT32                  Access;
243     UINT32                  ByteAlignment;
244     UINT32                  BitLength;
245 
246 
247     ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE (ExDecodeFieldAccess);
248 
249 
250     Access = (FieldFlags & AML_FIELD_ACCESS_TYPE_MASK);
251 
252     switch (Access)
253     {
254     case AML_FIELD_ACCESS_ANY:
255 
256 #ifdef ACPI_UNDER_DEVELOPMENT
257         ByteAlignment =
258             AcpiExGenerateAccess (ObjDesc->CommonField.StartFieldBitOffset,
259                 ObjDesc->CommonField.BitLength,
260                 0xFFFFFFFF /* Temp until we pass RegionLength as parameter */);
261         BitLength = ByteAlignment * 8;
262 #endif
263 
264         ByteAlignment = 1;
265         BitLength = 8;
266         break;
267 
268     case AML_FIELD_ACCESS_BYTE:
269     case AML_FIELD_ACCESS_BUFFER:   /* ACPI 2.0 (SMBus Buffer) */
270         ByteAlignment = 1;
271         BitLength     = 8;
272         break;
273 
274     case AML_FIELD_ACCESS_WORD:
275         ByteAlignment = 2;
276         BitLength     = 16;
277         break;
278 
279     case AML_FIELD_ACCESS_DWORD:
280         ByteAlignment = 4;
281         BitLength     = 32;
282         break;
283 
284     case AML_FIELD_ACCESS_QWORD:    /* ACPI 2.0 */
285         ByteAlignment = 8;
286         BitLength     = 64;
287         break;
288 
289     default:
290         /* Invalid field access type */
291 
292         ACPI_ERROR ((AE_INFO,
293             "Unknown field access type 0x%X",
294             Access));
295         return_UINT32 (0);
296     }
297 
298     if (ObjDesc->Common.Type == ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER_FIELD)
299     {
300         /*
301          * BufferField access can be on any byte boundary, so the
302          * ByteAlignment is always 1 byte -- regardless of any ByteAlignment
303          * implied by the field access type.
304          */
305         ByteAlignment = 1;
306     }
307 
308     *ReturnByteAlignment = ByteAlignment;
309     return_UINT32 (BitLength);
310 }
311 
312 
313 /*******************************************************************************
314  *
315  * FUNCTION:    AcpiExPrepCommonFieldObject
316  *
317  * PARAMETERS:  ObjDesc             - The field object
318  *              FieldFlags          - Access, LockRule, and UpdateRule.
319  *                                    The format of a FieldFlag is described
320  *                                    in the ACPI specification
321  *              FieldAttribute      - Special attributes (not used)
322  *              FieldBitPosition    - Field start position
323  *              FieldBitLength      - Field length in number of bits
324  *
325  * RETURN:      Status
326  *
327  * DESCRIPTION: Initialize the areas of the field object that are common
328  *              to the various types of fields.  Note: This is very "sensitive"
329  *              code because we are solving the general case for field
330  *              alignment.
331  *
332  ******************************************************************************/
333 
334 ACPI_STATUS
335 AcpiExPrepCommonFieldObject (
336     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     *ObjDesc,
337     UINT8                   FieldFlags,
338     UINT8                   FieldAttribute,
339     UINT32                  FieldBitPosition,
340     UINT32                  FieldBitLength)
341 {
342     UINT32                  AccessBitWidth;
343     UINT32                  ByteAlignment;
344     UINT32                  NearestByteAddress;
345 
346 
347     ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE (ExPrepCommonFieldObject);
348 
349 
350     /*
351      * Note: the structure being initialized is the
352      * ACPI_COMMON_FIELD_INFO;  No structure fields outside of the common
353      * area are initialized by this procedure.
354      */
355     ObjDesc->CommonField.FieldFlags = FieldFlags;
356     ObjDesc->CommonField.Attribute  = FieldAttribute;
357     ObjDesc->CommonField.BitLength  = FieldBitLength;
358 
359     /*
360      * Decode the access type so we can compute offsets.  The access type gives
361      * two pieces of information - the width of each field access and the
362      * necessary ByteAlignment (address granularity) of the access.
363      *
364      * For AnyAcc, the AccessBitWidth is the largest width that is both
365      * necessary and possible in an attempt to access the whole field in one
366      * I/O operation.  However, for AnyAcc, the ByteAlignment is always one
367      * byte.
368      *
369      * For all Buffer Fields, the ByteAlignment is always one byte.
370      *
371      * For all other access types (Byte, Word, Dword, Qword), the Bitwidth is
372      * the same (equivalent) as the ByteAlignment.
373      */
374     AccessBitWidth = AcpiExDecodeFieldAccess (ObjDesc, FieldFlags,
375                         &ByteAlignment);
376     if (!AccessBitWidth)
377     {
378         return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_AML_OPERAND_VALUE);
379     }
380 
381     /* Setup width (access granularity) fields (values are: 1, 2, 4, 8) */
382 
383     ObjDesc->CommonField.AccessByteWidth = (UINT8)
384         ACPI_DIV_8 (AccessBitWidth);
385 
386     /*
387      * BaseByteOffset is the address of the start of the field within the
388      * region.  It is the byte address of the first *datum* (field-width data
389      * unit) of the field. (i.e., the first datum that contains at least the
390      * first *bit* of the field.)
391      *
392      * Note: ByteAlignment is always either equal to the AccessBitWidth or 8
393      * (Byte access), and it defines the addressing granularity of the parent
394      * region or buffer.
395      */
396     NearestByteAddress =
397         ACPI_ROUND_BITS_DOWN_TO_BYTES (FieldBitPosition);
398     ObjDesc->CommonField.BaseByteOffset = (UINT32)
399         ACPI_ROUND_DOWN (NearestByteAddress, ByteAlignment);
400 
401     /*
402      * StartFieldBitOffset is the offset of the first bit of the field within
403      * a field datum.
404      */
405     ObjDesc->CommonField.StartFieldBitOffset = (UINT8)
406         (FieldBitPosition - ACPI_MUL_8 (ObjDesc->CommonField.BaseByteOffset));
407 
408     return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_OK);
409 }
410 
411 
412 /*******************************************************************************
413  *
414  * FUNCTION:    AcpiExPrepFieldValue
415  *
416  * PARAMETERS:  Info    - Contains all field creation info
417  *
418  * RETURN:      Status
419  *
420  * DESCRIPTION: Construct an ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT of type DefField and
421  *              connect it to the parent Node.
422  *
423  ******************************************************************************/
424 
425 ACPI_STATUS
426 AcpiExPrepFieldValue (
427     ACPI_CREATE_FIELD_INFO  *Info)
428 {
429     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     *ObjDesc;
430     ACPI_OPERAND_OBJECT     *SecondDesc = NULL;
431     ACPI_STATUS             Status;
432     UINT32                  AccessByteWidth;
433     UINT32                  Type;
434 
435 
436     ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE (ExPrepFieldValue);
437 
438 
439     /* Parameter validation */
440 
441     if (Info->FieldType != ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_INDEX_FIELD)
442     {
443         if (!Info->RegionNode)
444         {
445             ACPI_ERROR ((AE_INFO, "Null RegionNode"));
446             return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_AML_NO_OPERAND);
447         }
448 
449         Type = AcpiNsGetType (Info->RegionNode);
450         if (Type != ACPI_TYPE_REGION)
451         {
452             ACPI_ERROR ((AE_INFO, "Needed Region, found type 0x%X (%s)",
453                 Type, AcpiUtGetTypeName (Type)));
454 
455             return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_AML_OPERAND_TYPE);
456         }
457     }
458 
459     /* Allocate a new field object */
460 
461     ObjDesc = AcpiUtCreateInternalObject (Info->FieldType);
462     if (!ObjDesc)
463     {
464         return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_NO_MEMORY);
465     }
466 
467     /* Initialize areas of the object that are common to all fields */
468 
469     ObjDesc->CommonField.Node = Info->FieldNode;
470     Status = AcpiExPrepCommonFieldObject (ObjDesc,
471                 Info->FieldFlags, Info->Attribute,
472                 Info->FieldBitPosition, Info->FieldBitLength);
473     if (ACPI_FAILURE (Status))
474     {
475         AcpiUtDeleteObjectDesc (ObjDesc);
476         return_ACPI_STATUS (Status);
477     }
478 
479     /* Initialize areas of the object that are specific to the field type */
480 
481     switch (Info->FieldType)
482     {
483     case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_REGION_FIELD:
484 
485         ObjDesc->Field.RegionObj = AcpiNsGetAttachedObject (Info->RegionNode);
486 
487         /* Allow full data read from EC address space */
488 
489         if ((ObjDesc->Field.RegionObj->Region.SpaceId == ACPI_ADR_SPACE_EC) &&
490             (ObjDesc->CommonField.BitLength > 8))
491         {
492             AccessByteWidth = ACPI_ROUND_BITS_UP_TO_BYTES (
493                 ObjDesc->CommonField.BitLength);
494 
495             /* Maximum byte width supported is 255 */
496 
497             if (AccessByteWidth < 256)
498             {
499                 ObjDesc->CommonField.AccessByteWidth = (UINT8) AccessByteWidth;
500             }
501         }
502 
503         /* An additional reference for the container */
504 
505         AcpiUtAddReference (ObjDesc->Field.RegionObj);
506 
507         ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_BFIELD,
508             "RegionField: BitOff %X, Off %X, Gran %X, Region %p\n",
509             ObjDesc->Field.StartFieldBitOffset, ObjDesc->Field.BaseByteOffset,
510             ObjDesc->Field.AccessByteWidth, ObjDesc->Field.RegionObj));
511         break;
512 
513 
514     case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_BANK_FIELD:
515 
516         ObjDesc->BankField.Value = Info->BankValue;
517         ObjDesc->BankField.RegionObj =
518             AcpiNsGetAttachedObject (Info->RegionNode);
519         ObjDesc->BankField.BankObj =
520             AcpiNsGetAttachedObject (Info->RegisterNode);
521 
522         /* An additional reference for the attached objects */
523 
524         AcpiUtAddReference (ObjDesc->BankField.RegionObj);
525         AcpiUtAddReference (ObjDesc->BankField.BankObj);
526 
527         ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_BFIELD,
528             "Bank Field: BitOff %X, Off %X, Gran %X, Region %p, BankReg %p\n",
529             ObjDesc->BankField.StartFieldBitOffset,
530             ObjDesc->BankField.BaseByteOffset,
531             ObjDesc->Field.AccessByteWidth,
532             ObjDesc->BankField.RegionObj,
533             ObjDesc->BankField.BankObj));
534 
535         /*
536          * Remember location in AML stream of the field unit
537          * opcode and operands -- since the BankValue
538          * operands must be evaluated.
539          */
540         SecondDesc = ObjDesc->Common.NextObject;
541         SecondDesc->Extra.AmlStart = ACPI_CAST_PTR (ACPI_PARSE_OBJECT,
542             Info->DataRegisterNode)->Named.Data;
543         SecondDesc->Extra.AmlLength = ACPI_CAST_PTR (ACPI_PARSE_OBJECT,
544             Info->DataRegisterNode)->Named.Length;
545 
546         break;
547 
548 
549     case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_INDEX_FIELD:
550 
551         /* Get the Index and Data registers */
552 
553         ObjDesc->IndexField.IndexObj =
554             AcpiNsGetAttachedObject (Info->RegisterNode);
555         ObjDesc->IndexField.DataObj =
556             AcpiNsGetAttachedObject (Info->DataRegisterNode);
557 
558         if (!ObjDesc->IndexField.DataObj || !ObjDesc->IndexField.IndexObj)
559         {
560             ACPI_ERROR ((AE_INFO, "Null Index Object during field prep"));
561             AcpiUtDeleteObjectDesc (ObjDesc);
562             return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_AML_INTERNAL);
563         }
564 
565         /* An additional reference for the attached objects */
566 
567         AcpiUtAddReference (ObjDesc->IndexField.DataObj);
568         AcpiUtAddReference (ObjDesc->IndexField.IndexObj);
569 
570         /*
571          * April 2006: Changed to match MS behavior
572          *
573          * The value written to the Index register is the byte offset of the
574          * target field in units of the granularity of the IndexField
575          *
576          * Previously, the value was calculated as an index in terms of the
577          * width of the Data register, as below:
578          *
579          *      ObjDesc->IndexField.Value = (UINT32)
580          *          (Info->FieldBitPosition / ACPI_MUL_8 (
581          *              ObjDesc->Field.AccessByteWidth));
582          *
583          * February 2006: Tried value as a byte offset:
584          *      ObjDesc->IndexField.Value = (UINT32)
585          *          ACPI_DIV_8 (Info->FieldBitPosition);
586          */
587         ObjDesc->IndexField.Value = (UINT32) ACPI_ROUND_DOWN (
588             ACPI_DIV_8 (Info->FieldBitPosition),
589             ObjDesc->IndexField.AccessByteWidth);
590 
591         ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_BFIELD,
592             "IndexField: BitOff %X, Off %X, Value %X, Gran %X, Index %p, Data %p\n",
593             ObjDesc->IndexField.StartFieldBitOffset,
594             ObjDesc->IndexField.BaseByteOffset,
595             ObjDesc->IndexField.Value,
596             ObjDesc->Field.AccessByteWidth,
597             ObjDesc->IndexField.IndexObj,
598             ObjDesc->IndexField.DataObj));
599         break;
600 
601     default:
602         /* No other types should get here */
603         break;
604     }
605 
606     /*
607      * Store the constructed descriptor (ObjDesc) into the parent Node,
608      * preserving the current type of that NamedObj.
609      */
610     Status = AcpiNsAttachObject (Info->FieldNode, ObjDesc,
611                 AcpiNsGetType (Info->FieldNode));
612 
613     ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT ((ACPI_DB_BFIELD, "Set NamedObj %p [%4.4s], ObjDesc %p\n",
614         Info->FieldNode, AcpiUtGetNodeName (Info->FieldNode), ObjDesc));
615 
616     /* Remove local reference to the object */
617 
618     AcpiUtRemoveReference (ObjDesc);
619     return_ACPI_STATUS (Status);
620 }
621 
622