xref: /titanic_50/usr/src/lib/libadutils/common/addisc.c (revision 34f9b3eef6fdadbda0a846aa4d68691ac40eace5)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 
22 /*
23  * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
24  * Use is subject to license terms.
25  */
26 
27 /*
28  * Active Directory Auto-Discovery.
29  *
30  * This [project private] API allows the caller to provide whatever
31  * details it knows a priori (i.e., provided via configuration so as to
32  * override auto-discovery) and in any order.  Then the caller can ask
33  * for any of the auto-discoverable parameters in any order.
34  *
35  * But there is an actual order in which discovery must be done.  Given
36  * the discovery mechanism implemented here, that order is:
37  *
38  *  - the domain name joined must be discovered first
39  *  - then the domain controllers
40  *  - then the forest name and site name
41  *  - then the global catalog servers, and site-specific domain
42  *    controllers and global catalog servers.
43  *
44  * The API does not require it be called in the same order because there
45  * may be other discovery mechanisms in the future, and exposing
46  * ordering requirements of the current mechanism now can create trouble
47  * down the line.  Also, this makes the API easier to use now, which
48  * means less work to do some day when we make this a public API.
49  *
50  * Domain discovery is done by res_nsearch() of the DNS SRV RR name for
51  * domain controllers.  As long as the joined domain appears in the DNS
52  * resolver's search list then we'll find it.
53  *
54  * Domain controller discovery is a matter of formatting the DNS SRV RR
55  * FQDN for domain controllers and doing a lookup for them.  Knowledge
56  * of the domain name is not fundamentally required, but we separate the
57  * two processes, which in practice can lead to one more DNS lookup than
58  * is strictly required.
59  *
60  * Forest and site name discovery require an LDAP search of the AD
61  * "configuration partition" at a domain controller for the joined
62  * domain.  Forest and site name discovery depend on knowing the joined
63  * domain name and domain controllers for that domain.
64  *
65  * Global catalog server discovery requires knowledge of the forest
66  * name in order to format the DNS SRV RR FQDN to lookup.  Site-specific
67  * domain controller discovery depends on knowing the site name (and,
68  * therefore, joined domain, ...).  Site-specific global catalog server
69  * discovery depends on knowledge of the forest and site names, which
70  * depend on...
71  *
72  * All the work of discovering particular items is done by functions
73  * named validate_<item>().  Each such function calls validate_<item>()
74  * for any items that it depends on.
75  *
76  * This API is not thread-safe.
77  */
78 
79 
80 #include <stdio.h>
81 #include <string.h>
82 #include <strings.h>
83 #include <unistd.h>
84 #include <assert.h>
85 #include <stdlib.h>
86 #include <net/if.h>
87 #include <net/if.h>
88 #include <sys/types.h>
89 #include <sys/socket.h>
90 #include <sys/sockio.h>
91 #include <netinet/in.h>
92 #include <netinet/in.h>
93 #include <arpa/inet.h>
94 #include <arpa/nameser.h>
95 #include <resolv.h>
96 #include <netdb.h>
97 #include <ctype.h>
98 #include <errno.h>
99 #include <ldap.h>
100 #include <sasl/sasl.h>
101 #include <sys/u8_textprep.h>
102 #include <syslog.h>
103 #include "adutils_impl.h"
104 #include "addisc.h"
105 
106 
107 enum ad_item_state {
108 		AD_STATE_INVALID = 0,	/* The value is not valid */
109 		AD_STATE_FIXED,		/* The value was fixed by caller */
110 		AD_STATE_AUTO		/* The value is auto discovered */
111 		};
112 
113 enum ad_data_type {
114 		AD_STRING = 123,
115 		AD_DIRECTORY,
116 		AD_DOMAINS_IN_FOREST,
117 		AD_TRUSTED_DOMAINS
118 		};
119 
120 
121 typedef struct ad_subnet {
122 	char subnet[24];
123 } ad_subnet_t;
124 
125 
126 typedef struct ad_item {
127 	enum ad_item_state	state;
128 	enum ad_data_type	type;
129 	void 			*value;
130 	time_t 			ttl;
131 	unsigned int 		version;	/* Version is only changed */
132 						/* if the value changes */
133 #define	PARAM1		0
134 #define	PARAM2		1
135 	int 		param_version[2];
136 					/* These holds the version of */
137 					/* dependents so that a dependent */
138 					/* change can be detected */
139 } ad_item_t;
140 
141 typedef struct ad_disc {
142 	struct __res_state res_state;
143 	int		res_ninitted;
144 	ad_subnet_t	*subnets;
145 	boolean_t	subnets_changed;
146 	time_t		subnets_last_check;
147 	ad_item_t	domain_name;		/* DNS hostname string */
148 	ad_item_t	domain_controller;	/* Directory hostname and */
149 						/* port array */
150 	ad_item_t	site_name;		/* String */
151 	ad_item_t	forest_name;		/* DNS forestname string */
152 	ad_item_t	global_catalog;		/* Directory hostname and */
153 						/* port array */
154 	ad_item_t	domains_in_forest;	/* DNS domainname and SID */
155 						/* array */
156 	ad_item_t	trusted_domains;	/* DNS domainname and trust */
157 						/* direction array */
158 	/* Site specfic versions */
159 	ad_item_t	site_domain_controller;	/* Directory hostname and */
160 						/* port array */
161 	ad_item_t	site_global_catalog;	/* Directory hostname and */
162 						/* port array */
163 } ad_disc;
164 
165 
166 #define	DNS_MAX_NAME	NS_MAXDNAME
167 
168 
169 /* SRV RR names for various queries */
170 #define	LDAP_SRV_HEAD		"_ldap._tcp."
171 #define	SITE_SRV_MIDDLE		"%s._sites."
172 #define	GC_SRV_TAIL		"gc._msdcs"
173 #define	DC_SRV_TAIL		"dc._msdcs"
174 #define	ALL_GC_SRV_TAIL		"_gc._tcp"
175 #define	PDC_SRV			 "_ldap._tcp.pdc._msdcs.%s"
176 
177 /* A RR name for all GCs -- last resort this works */
178 #define	GC_ALL_A_NAME_FSTR "gc._msdcs.%s."
179 
180 
181 /*
182  * We try res_ninit() whenever we don't have one.  res_ninit() fails if
183  * idmapd is running before the network is up!
184  */
185 #define	DO_RES_NINIT(ctx)   if (!(ctx)->res_ninitted) \
186 		(ctx)->res_ninitted = (res_ninit(&ctx->res_state) != -1)
187 
188 #define	is_fixed(item)					\
189 	((item)->state == AD_STATE_FIXED)
190 
191 #define	is_changed(item, num, param) 			\
192 	((item)->param_version[num] != (param)->version)
193 
194 /*LINTLIBRARY*/
195 
196 /*
197  * Function definitions
198  */
199 static ad_item_t *
200 validate_SiteName(ad_disc_t ctx);
201 
202 
203 
204 static void
205 update_version(ad_item_t *item, int  num, ad_item_t *param)
206 {
207 	item->param_version[num] = param->version;
208 }
209 
210 
211 
212 static boolean_t
213 is_valid(ad_item_t *item)
214 {
215 	if (item->value != NULL) {
216 		if (item->state == AD_STATE_FIXED)
217 			return (B_TRUE);
218 		if (item->state == AD_STATE_AUTO &&
219 		    (item->ttl == 0 || item->ttl > time(NULL)))
220 			return (B_TRUE);
221 	}
222 	return (B_FALSE);
223 }
224 
225 
226 static void
227 update_item(ad_item_t *item, void *value, enum ad_item_state state,
228 		uint32_t ttl)
229 {
230 	if (item->value != NULL && value != NULL) {
231 		if ((item->type == AD_STRING &&
232 		    strcmp(item->value, value) != 0) ||
233 		    (item->type == AD_DIRECTORY &&
234 		    ad_disc_compare_ds(item->value, value) != 0)||
235 		    (item->type == AD_DOMAINS_IN_FOREST &&
236 		    ad_disc_compare_domainsinforest(item->value, value) != 0) ||
237 		    (item->type == AD_TRUSTED_DOMAINS &&
238 		    ad_disc_compare_trusteddomains(item->value, value) != 0))
239 			item->version++;
240 	} else if (item->value != value)
241 		item->version++;
242 
243 	if (item->value != NULL)
244 		free(item->value);
245 
246 	item->value = value;
247 	item->state = state;
248 
249 	if (ttl == 0)
250 		item->ttl = 0;
251 	else
252 		item->ttl = time(NULL) + ttl;
253 }
254 
255 
256 /* Compare DS lists */
257 int
258 ad_disc_compare_ds(idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *ds1, idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *ds2)
259 {
260 	int		i, j;
261 	int		num_ds1;
262 	int		num_ds2;
263 	boolean_t	match;
264 
265 	for (i = 0; ds1[i].host[0] != '\0'; i++)
266 		continue;
267 	num_ds1 = i;
268 	for (j = 0; ds2[j].host[0] != '\0'; j++)
269 		continue;
270 	num_ds2 = j;
271 	if (num_ds1 != num_ds2)
272 		return (1);
273 
274 	for (i = 0; i < num_ds1; i++) {
275 		match = B_FALSE;
276 		for (j = 0; j < num_ds2; j++) {
277 			if (strcmp(ds1[i].host, ds2[j].host) == 0 &&
278 			    ds1[i].port == ds2[j].port) {
279 				match = B_TRUE;
280 				break;
281 			}
282 		}
283 		if (!match)
284 			return (1);
285 	}
286 	return (0);
287 }
288 
289 
290 /* Copy a list of DSs */
291 static idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *
292 ds_dup(const idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *srv)
293 {
294 	int	i;
295 	int	size;
296 	idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *new = NULL;
297 
298 	for (i = 0; srv[i].host[0] != '\0'; i++)
299 		continue;
300 
301 	size = (i + 1) * sizeof (idmap_ad_disc_ds_t);
302 	new = malloc(size);
303 	if (new != NULL)
304 		memcpy(new, srv, size);
305 	return (new);
306 }
307 
308 
309 int
310 ad_disc_compare_trusteddomains(ad_disc_trusteddomains_t *td1,
311 			ad_disc_trusteddomains_t *td2)
312 {
313 	int		i, j;
314 	int		num_td1;
315 	int		num_td2;
316 	boolean_t	match;
317 
318 	for (i = 0; td1[i].domain[0] != '\0'; i++)
319 		continue;
320 	num_td1 = i;
321 
322 	for (j = 0; td2[j].domain[0] != '\0'; j++)
323 		continue;
324 	num_td2 = j;
325 
326 	if (num_td1 != num_td2)
327 		return (1);
328 
329 	for (i = 0; i < num_td1; i++) {
330 		match = B_FALSE;
331 		for (j = 0; j < num_td2; j++) {
332 			if (domain_eq(td1[i].domain, td2[j].domain)) {
333 				match = B_TRUE;
334 				break;
335 			}
336 		}
337 		if (!match)
338 			return (1);
339 	}
340 	return (0);
341 }
342 
343 
344 
345 /* Copy a list of Trusted Domains */
346 static ad_disc_trusteddomains_t *
347 td_dup(const ad_disc_trusteddomains_t *td)
348 {
349 	int	i;
350 	int	size;
351 	ad_disc_trusteddomains_t *new = NULL;
352 
353 	for (i = 0; td[i].domain[0] != '\0'; i++)
354 		continue;
355 
356 	size = (i + 1) * sizeof (ad_disc_trusteddomains_t);
357 	new = malloc(size);
358 	if (new != NULL)
359 		memcpy(new, td, size);
360 	return (new);
361 }
362 
363 
364 
365 int
366 ad_disc_compare_domainsinforest(ad_disc_domainsinforest_t *df1,
367 			ad_disc_domainsinforest_t *df2)
368 {
369 	int		i, j;
370 	int		num_df1;
371 	int		num_df2;
372 	boolean_t	match;
373 
374 	for (i = 0; df1[i].domain[0] != '\0'; i++)
375 		continue;
376 	num_df1 = i;
377 
378 	for (j = 0; df2[j].domain[0] != '\0'; j++)
379 		continue;
380 	num_df2 = j;
381 
382 	if (num_df1 != num_df2)
383 		return (1);
384 
385 	for (i = 0; i < num_df1; i++) {
386 		match = B_FALSE;
387 		for (j = 0; j < num_df2; j++) {
388 			if (domain_eq(df1[i].domain, df2[j].domain) &&
389 			    strcmp(df1[i].sid, df2[j].sid) == 0) {
390 				match = B_TRUE;
391 				break;
392 			}
393 		}
394 		if (!match)
395 			return (1);
396 	}
397 	return (0);
398 }
399 
400 
401 
402 /* Copy a list of Trusted Domains */
403 static ad_disc_domainsinforest_t *
404 df_dup(const ad_disc_domainsinforest_t *df)
405 {
406 	int	i;
407 	int	size;
408 	ad_disc_domainsinforest_t *new = NULL;
409 
410 	for (i = 0; df[i].domain[0] != '\0'; i++)
411 		continue;
412 
413 	size = (i + 1) * sizeof (ad_disc_domainsinforest_t);
414 	new = malloc(size);
415 	if (new != NULL)
416 		memcpy(new, df, size);
417 	return (new);
418 }
419 
420 
421 
422 
423 
424 /*
425  * Returns an array of IPv4 address/prefix length
426  * The last subnet is NULL
427  */
428 static ad_subnet_t *
429 find_subnets()
430 {
431 	int		sock, n, i;
432 	struct lifconf	lifc;
433 	struct lifreq	lifr, *lifrp;
434 	struct lifnum	lifn;
435 	uint32_t	prefix_len;
436 	char		*s;
437 	ad_subnet_t	*results;
438 
439 	lifrp = &lifr;
440 
441 	if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) {
442 		logger(LOG_ERR, "Failed to open IPv4 socket for "
443 		    "listing network interfaces (%s)", strerror(errno));
444 		return (NULL);
445 	}
446 
447 	lifn.lifn_family = AF_INET;
448 	lifn.lifn_flags = 0;
449 	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGLIFNUM, (char *)&lifn) < 0) {
450 		logger(LOG_ERR,
451 		    "Failed to find the number of network interfaces (%s)",
452 		    strerror(errno));
453 		close(sock);
454 		return (NULL);
455 	}
456 
457 	if (lifn.lifn_count < 1) {
458 		logger(LOG_ERR, "No IPv4 network interfaces found");
459 		close(sock);
460 		return (NULL);
461 	}
462 
463 	lifc.lifc_family = AF_INET;
464 	lifc.lifc_flags = 0;
465 	lifc.lifc_len = lifn.lifn_count * sizeof (struct lifreq);
466 	lifc.lifc_buf = malloc(lifc.lifc_len);
467 
468 	if (lifc.lifc_buf == NULL) {
469 		logger(LOG_ERR, "Out of memory");
470 		close(sock);
471 		return (NULL);
472 	}
473 
474 	if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGLIFCONF, (char *)&lifc) < 0) {
475 		logger(LOG_ERR, "Failed to list network interfaces (%s)",
476 		    strerror(errno));
477 		free(lifc.lifc_buf);
478 		close(sock);
479 		return (NULL);
480 	}
481 
482 	n = lifc.lifc_len / (int)sizeof (struct lifreq);
483 
484 	if ((results = calloc(n + 1, sizeof (ad_subnet_t))) == NULL) {
485 		free(lifc.lifc_buf);
486 		close(sock);
487 		return (NULL);
488 	}
489 
490 	for (i = 0, lifrp = lifc.lifc_req; i < n; i++, lifrp++) {
491 		if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGLIFFLAGS, lifrp) < 0)
492 			continue;
493 
494 		if ((lifrp->lifr_flags & IFF_UP) == 0)
495 			continue;
496 
497 		if (ioctl(sock, SIOCGLIFSUBNET, lifrp) < 0)
498 			continue;
499 
500 		prefix_len = lifrp->lifr_addrlen;
501 
502 		s = inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)
503 		    &lifrp->lifr_addr)->sin_addr);
504 
505 		(void) snprintf(results[i].subnet, sizeof (ad_subnet_t),
506 		    "%s/%d", s, prefix_len);
507 	}
508 
509 	free(lifc.lifc_buf);
510 	close(sock);
511 
512 	return (results);
513 }
514 
515 static int
516 cmpsubnets(ad_subnet_t *subnets1, ad_subnet_t *subnets2)
517 {
518 	int num_subnets1;
519 	int num_subnets2;
520 	boolean_t matched;
521 	int i, j;
522 
523 	for (i = 0; subnets1[i].subnet[0] != '\0'; i++)
524 		continue;
525 	num_subnets1 = i;
526 
527 	for (i = 0; subnets2[i].subnet[0] != '\0'; i++)
528 		continue;
529 	num_subnets2 = i;
530 
531 	if (num_subnets1 != num_subnets2)
532 		return (1);
533 
534 	for (i = 0;  i < num_subnets1; i++) {
535 		matched = B_FALSE;
536 		for (j = 0; j < num_subnets2; j++) {
537 			if (strcmp(subnets1[i].subnet,
538 			    subnets2[j].subnet) == 0) {
539 				matched = B_TRUE;
540 				break;
541 			}
542 		}
543 		if (!matched)
544 			return (1);
545 	}
546 	return (0);
547 }
548 
549 
550 
551 
552 /* Convert a DN's DC components into a DNS domainname */
553 char *
554 DN_to_DNS(const char *dn_name)
555 {
556 	char	dns[DNS_MAX_NAME];
557 	char	*dns_name;
558 	int	i, j;
559 	int	num = 0;
560 
561 	j = 0;
562 	i = 0;
563 
564 	if (dn_name == NULL)
565 		return (NULL);
566 	/*
567 	 * Find all DC=<value> and form DNS name of the
568 	 * form <value1>.<value2>...
569 	 */
570 	while (dn_name[i] != '\0') {
571 		if (strncasecmp(&dn_name[i], "DC=", 3) == 0) {
572 			i += 3;
573 			if (dn_name[i] != '\0' && num > 0)
574 				dns[j++] = '.';
575 			while (dn_name[i] != '\0' &&
576 			    dn_name[i] != ',' && dn_name[i] != '+')
577 				dns[j++] = dn_name[i++];
578 			num++;
579 		} else {
580 			/* Skip attr=value as it is not DC= */
581 			while (dn_name[i] != '\0' &&
582 			    dn_name[i] != ',' && dn_name[i] != '+')
583 				i++;
584 		}
585 		/* Skip over separator ','  or '+' */
586 		if (dn_name[i] != '\0') i++;
587 	}
588 	dns[j] = '\0';
589 	dns_name = malloc(j + 1);
590 	if (dns_name != NULL)
591 		(void) strlcpy(dns_name, dns, j + 1);
592 	return (dns_name);
593 }
594 
595 
596 /* Format the DN of an AD LDAP subnet object for some subnet */
597 static char *
598 subnet_to_DN(const char *subnet, const char *baseDN)
599 {
600 	char *result;
601 	int len;
602 
603 	len = snprintf(NULL, 0,
604 	    "CN=%s,CN=Subnets,CN=Sites,%s",
605 	    subnet, baseDN) + 1;
606 
607 	result = malloc(len);
608 	if (result != NULL)
609 		(void) snprintf(result, len,
610 		    "CN=%s,CN=Subnets,CN=Sites,%s",
611 		    subnet, baseDN);
612 	return (result);
613 }
614 
615 
616 /* Make a list of subnet object DNs from a list of subnets */
617 static char **
618 subnets_to_DNs(ad_subnet_t *subnets, const char *base_dn)
619 {
620 	char **results;
621 	int i, j;
622 
623 	for (i = 0; subnets[i].subnet[0] != '\0'; i++)
624 		continue;
625 
626 	results = calloc(i + 1, sizeof (char *));
627 	if (results == NULL)
628 		return (NULL);
629 
630 	for (i = 0; subnets[i].subnet[0] != '\0'; i++) {
631 		if ((results[i] = subnet_to_DN(subnets[i].subnet, base_dn))
632 		    == NULL) {
633 			for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
634 				free(results[j]);
635 			free(results);
636 			return (NULL);
637 		}
638 	}
639 
640 	return (results);
641 }
642 
643 
644 /* Compare SRC RRs; used with qsort() */
645 static int
646 srvcmp(idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *s1, idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *s2)
647 {
648 	if (s1->priority < s2->priority)
649 		return (1);
650 	else if (s1->priority > s2->priority)
651 		return (-1);
652 
653 	if (s1->weight < s2->weight)
654 		return (1);
655 	else if (s1->weight > s2->weight)
656 		return (-1);
657 
658 	return (0);
659 }
660 
661 
662 /*
663  * Query or search the SRV RRs for a given name.
664  *
665  * If name == NULL then search (as in res_nsearch(3RESOLV), honoring any
666  * search list/option), else query (as in res_nquery(3RESOLV)).
667  *
668  * The output TTL will be the one of the SRV RR with the lowest TTL.
669  */
670 idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *
671 srv_query(res_state state, const char *svc_name, const char *dname,
672 		char **rrname, uint32_t *ttl)
673 {
674 	idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *srv;
675 	idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *srv_res;
676 	union {
677 		HEADER hdr;
678 		uchar_t buf[NS_MAXMSG];
679 	} msg;
680 	int len, cnt, qdcount, ancount;
681 	uchar_t *ptr, *eom;
682 	uchar_t *end;
683 	uint16_t type;
684 	/* LINTED  E_FUNC_SET_NOT_USED */
685 	uint16_t class;
686 	uint32_t rttl;
687 	uint16_t size;
688 	char namebuf[NS_MAXDNAME];
689 
690 	if (state == NULL)
691 		return (NULL);
692 
693 	/* Set negative result TTL */
694 	*ttl = 5 * 60;
695 
696 	/* 1. query necessary resource records */
697 
698 	/* Search, querydomain or query */
699 	if (rrname != NULL) {
700 		*rrname = NULL;
701 		len = res_nsearch(state, svc_name, C_IN, T_SRV,
702 		    msg.buf, sizeof (msg.buf));
703 		logger(LOG_DEBUG, "Searching DNS for SRV RRs named '%s'",
704 		    svc_name);
705 		if (len < 0) {
706 			logger(LOG_DEBUG, "DNS search for '%s' failed (%s)",
707 			    svc_name, hstrerror(state->res_h_errno));
708 			return (NULL);
709 		}
710 	} else if (dname != NULL) {
711 		logger(LOG_DEBUG,
712 		    "Querying DNS for SRV RRs named '%s' for '%s' ",
713 		    svc_name, dname);
714 
715 		len = res_nquerydomain(state, svc_name, dname, C_IN, T_SRV,
716 		    msg.buf, sizeof (msg.buf));
717 
718 		if (len < 0) {
719 			logger(LOG_DEBUG,
720 			    "DNS query for '%s' for '%s' failed (%s)",
721 			    svc_name, dname, hstrerror(state->res_h_errno));
722 			return (NULL);
723 		}
724 	}
725 
726 	if (len > sizeof (msg.buf)) {
727 		logger(LOG_ERR, "DNS query %ib message doesn't fit"
728 		    " into %ib buffer",
729 		    len, sizeof (msg.buf));
730 		return (NULL);
731 	}
732 
733 	/* 2. parse the reply, skip header and question sections */
734 
735 	ptr = msg.buf + sizeof (msg.hdr);
736 	eom = msg.buf + len;
737 	qdcount = ntohs(msg.hdr.qdcount);
738 	ancount = ntohs(msg.hdr.ancount);
739 
740 	for (cnt = qdcount; cnt > 0; --cnt) {
741 		if ((len = dn_skipname(ptr, eom)) < 0) {
742 			logger(LOG_ERR, "DNS query invalid message format");
743 			return (NULL);
744 		}
745 		ptr += len + QFIXEDSZ;
746 	}
747 
748 	/* 3. walk through the answer section */
749 
750 	srv_res = calloc(ancount + 1, sizeof (idmap_ad_disc_ds_t));
751 	*ttl = (uint32_t)-1;
752 
753 	for (srv = srv_res, cnt = ancount;
754 	    cnt > 0; --cnt, srv++) {
755 
756 		len = dn_expand(msg.buf, eom, ptr, namebuf,
757 		    sizeof (namebuf));
758 		if (len < 0) {
759 			logger(LOG_ERR, "DNS query invalid message format");
760 			return (NULL);
761 		}
762 		if (rrname != NULL && *rrname == NULL)
763 			*rrname = strdup(namebuf);
764 		ptr += len;
765 		NS_GET16(type, ptr);
766 		NS_GET16(class, ptr);
767 		NS_GET32(rttl, ptr);
768 		NS_GET16(size, ptr);
769 		if ((end = ptr + size) > eom) {
770 			logger(LOG_ERR, "DNS query invalid message format");
771 			return (NULL);
772 		}
773 
774 		if (type != T_SRV) {
775 			ptr = end;
776 			continue;
777 		}
778 
779 		NS_GET16(srv->priority, ptr);
780 		NS_GET16(srv->weight, ptr);
781 		NS_GET16(srv->port, ptr);
782 		len = dn_expand(msg.buf, eom, ptr, srv->host,
783 		    sizeof (srv->host));
784 		if (len < 0) {
785 			logger(LOG_ERR, "DNS query invalid SRV record");
786 			return (NULL);
787 		}
788 
789 		if (rttl < *ttl)
790 			*ttl = rttl;
791 
792 		logger(LOG_DEBUG, "Found %s %d IN SRV [%d][%d] %s:%d",
793 		    namebuf, rttl, srv->priority, srv->weight, srv->host,
794 		    srv->port);
795 
796 		/* 3. move ptr to the end of current record */
797 
798 		ptr = end;
799 	}
800 
801 	if (ancount > 1)
802 		qsort(srv_res, ancount, sizeof (*srv_res),
803 		    (int (*)(const void *, const void *))srvcmp);
804 
805 	return (srv_res);
806 }
807 
808 
809 /*
810  * A utility function to bind to a Directory server
811  */
812 
813 static LDAP*
814 ldap_lookup_init(idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *ds)
815 {
816 	int 	i;
817 	int	rc, ldversion;
818 	int	zero = 0;
819 	int 	timeoutms = 5 * 1000;
820 	char 	*saslmech = "GSSAPI";
821 	uint32_t saslflags = LDAP_SASL_INTERACTIVE;
822 	LDAP 	*ld = NULL;
823 
824 	for (i = 0; ds[i].host[0] != '\0'; i++) {
825 		ld = ldap_init(ds[i].host, ds[i].port);
826 		if (ld == NULL) {
827 			logger(LOG_DEBUG, "Couldn't connect to "
828 			    "AD DC %s:%d (%s)",
829 			    ds[i].host, ds[i].port,
830 			    strerror(errno));
831 			continue;
832 		}
833 
834 		ldversion = LDAP_VERSION3;
835 		(void) ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
836 		    &ldversion);
837 		(void) ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_REFERRALS,
838 		    LDAP_OPT_OFF);
839 		(void) ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_TIMELIMIT, &zero);
840 		(void) ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_SIZELIMIT, &zero);
841 		/* setup TCP/IP connect timeout */
842 		(void) ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_X_OPT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT,
843 		    &timeoutms);
844 		(void) ldap_set_option(ld, LDAP_OPT_RESTART,
845 		    LDAP_OPT_ON);
846 
847 		rc = adutils_set_thread_functions(ld);
848 		if (rc != LDAP_SUCCESS) {
849 			/* Error has already been logged */
850 			(void) ldap_unbind(ld);
851 			ld = NULL;
852 			continue;
853 		}
854 
855 		rc = ldap_sasl_interactive_bind_s(ld, "" /* binddn */,
856 		    saslmech, NULL, NULL, saslflags, &saslcallback,
857 		    NULL /* defaults */);
858 		if (rc == LDAP_SUCCESS)
859 			break;
860 
861 		logger(LOG_INFO, "LDAP SASL bind to %s:%d failed (%s)",
862 		    ds[i].host, ds[i].port, ldap_err2string(rc));
863 		(void) ldap_unbind(ld);
864 		ld = NULL;
865 	}
866 	return (ld);
867 }
868 
869 
870 
871 /*
872  * A utility function to get the value of some attribute of one of one
873  * or more AD LDAP objects named by the dn_list; first found one wins.
874  */
875 static char *
876 ldap_lookup_entry_attr(LDAP **ld, idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *domainControllers,
877 			char **dn_list, char *attr)
878 {
879 	int 	i;
880 	int	rc;
881 	int	scope = LDAP_SCOPE_BASE;
882 	char	*attrs[2];
883 	LDAPMessage *results = NULL;
884 	LDAPMessage *entry;
885 	char	**values = NULL;
886 	char	*val = NULL;
887 
888 	attrs[0] = attr;
889 	attrs[1] = NULL;
890 
891 	if (*ld == NULL)
892 		*ld = ldap_lookup_init(domainControllers);
893 
894 	if (*ld == NULL)
895 		return (NULL);
896 
897 	for (i = 0; dn_list[i] != NULL; i++) {
898 		rc = ldap_search_s(*ld, dn_list[i], scope,
899 		    "(objectclass=*)", attrs, 0, &results);
900 		if (rc == LDAP_SUCCESS) {
901 			for (entry = ldap_first_entry(*ld, results);
902 			    entry != NULL && values == NULL;
903 			    entry = ldap_next_entry(*ld, entry)) {
904 				values = ldap_get_values(
905 				    *ld, entry, attr);
906 			}
907 
908 			if (values != NULL) {
909 				(void) ldap_msgfree(results);
910 				val = strdup(values[0]);
911 				ldap_value_free(values);
912 				return (val);
913 			}
914 		}
915 		if (results != NULL) {
916 			(void) ldap_msgfree(results);
917 			results = NULL;
918 		}
919 	}
920 
921 	return (NULL);
922 }
923 
924 
925 /*
926  * Lookup the trusted domains in the global catalog.
927  *
928  * Returns:
929  *	array of trusted domains which is terminated by
930  *		an empty trusted domain.
931  *	NULL an error occured
932  */
933 ad_disc_trusteddomains_t *
934 ldap_lookup_trusted_domains(LDAP **ld, idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *globalCatalog,
935 			char *base_dn)
936 {
937 	int		scope = LDAP_SCOPE_SUBTREE;
938 	char		*attrs[3];
939 	int		rc;
940 	LDAPMessage	*results = NULL;
941 	LDAPMessage	*entry;
942 	char		*filter;
943 	char		**partner = NULL;
944 	char		**direction = NULL;
945 	int		num = 0;
946 	ad_disc_trusteddomains_t *trusted_domains = NULL;
947 
948 
949 	if (*ld == NULL)
950 		*ld = ldap_lookup_init(globalCatalog);
951 
952 	if (*ld == NULL)
953 		return (NULL);
954 
955 	attrs[0] = "trustPartner";
956 	attrs[1] = "trustDirection";
957 	attrs[2] = NULL;
958 
959 	/* trustDirection values - inbound = 1 and bidirectional = 3 */
960 	filter = "(&(objectclass=trustedDomain)"
961 	    "(|(trustDirection=3)(trustDirection=1)))";
962 
963 	rc = ldap_search_s(*ld, base_dn, scope, filter, attrs, 0, &results);
964 	if (rc == LDAP_SUCCESS) {
965 		for (entry = ldap_first_entry(*ld, results);
966 		    entry != NULL; entry = ldap_next_entry(*ld, entry)) {
967 			partner = ldap_get_values(*ld, entry, "trustPartner");
968 			direction = ldap_get_values(
969 			    *ld, entry, "trustDirection");
970 
971 			if (partner != NULL && direction != NULL) {
972 				num++;
973 				trusted_domains = realloc(trusted_domains,
974 				    (num + 1) *
975 				    sizeof (ad_disc_trusteddomains_t));
976 				if (trusted_domains == NULL) {
977 					ldap_value_free(partner);
978 					ldap_value_free(direction);
979 					ldap_msgfree(results);
980 					return (NULL);
981 				}
982 				/* Last element should be zero */
983 				memset(&trusted_domains[num], 0,
984 				    sizeof (ad_disc_trusteddomains_t));
985 				strcpy(trusted_domains[num - 1].domain,
986 				    partner[0]);
987 				trusted_domains[num - 1].direction =
988 				    atoi(direction[0]);
989 			}
990 			if (partner != NULL)
991 				ldap_value_free(partner);
992 			if (direction != NULL)
993 				ldap_value_free(direction);
994 		}
995 	} else if (rc == LDAP_NO_RESULTS_RETURNED) {
996 		/* This is not an error - return empty trusted domain */
997 		trusted_domains = calloc(1, sizeof (ad_disc_trusteddomains_t));
998 	}
999 	if (results != NULL)
1000 		ldap_msgfree(results);
1001 
1002 	return (trusted_domains);
1003 }
1004 
1005 
1006 /*
1007  * This functions finds all the domains in a forest.
1008  */
1009 ad_disc_domainsinforest_t *
1010 ldap_lookup_domains_in_forest(LDAP **ld, idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *globalCatalogs)
1011 {
1012 	static char	*attrs[] = {
1013 		"objectSid",
1014 		NULL,
1015 	};
1016 	int		rc;
1017 	LDAPMessage	*result = NULL;
1018 	LDAPMessage	*entry;
1019 	int		ndomains = 0;
1020 	int		nresults;
1021 	ad_disc_domainsinforest_t *domains = NULL;
1022 
1023 	if (*ld == NULL)
1024 		*ld = ldap_lookup_init(globalCatalogs);
1025 
1026 	if (*ld == NULL)
1027 		return (NULL);
1028 
1029 	logger(LOG_DEBUG, "Looking for domains in forest...");
1030 	/* Find domains */
1031 	rc = ldap_search_s(*ld, "", LDAP_SCOPE_SUBTREE,
1032 	    "(objectClass=Domain)", attrs, 0, &result);
1033 	if (rc != LDAP_SUCCESS)
1034 		goto err;
1035 
1036 	nresults = ldap_count_entries(*ld, result);
1037 	domains = calloc(nresults + 1, sizeof (*domains));
1038 	if (domains == NULL)
1039 		goto err;
1040 
1041 	for (entry = ldap_first_entry(*ld, result);
1042 	    entry != NULL;
1043 	    entry = ldap_next_entry(*ld, entry)) {
1044 		struct berval	**sid_ber;
1045 		adutils_sid_t	sid;
1046 		char		*sid_str;
1047 		char 		*name;
1048 
1049 		sid_ber = ldap_get_values_len(*ld, entry,
1050 		    "objectSid");
1051 		if (sid_ber == NULL)
1052 			continue;
1053 
1054 		rc = adutils_getsid(sid_ber[0], &sid);
1055 		ldap_value_free_len(sid_ber);
1056 		if (rc < 0)
1057 			goto err;
1058 
1059 		if ((sid_str = adutils_sid2txt(&sid)) == NULL)
1060 			goto err;
1061 
1062 		strcpy(domains[ndomains].sid, sid_str);
1063 		free(sid_str);
1064 
1065 		name = DN_to_DNS(ldap_get_dn(*ld, entry));
1066 		if (name == NULL)
1067 			goto err;
1068 
1069 		strcpy(domains[ndomains].domain, name);
1070 		free(name);
1071 
1072 		logger(LOG_DEBUG, "    found %s", domains[ndomains].domain);
1073 
1074 		ndomains++;
1075 	}
1076 
1077 	if (ndomains == 0)
1078 		goto err;
1079 
1080 	if (ndomains < nresults) {
1081 		ad_disc_domainsinforest_t *tmp;
1082 		tmp = realloc(domains, (ndomains + 1) * sizeof (*domains));
1083 		if (tmp == NULL)
1084 			goto err;
1085 		domains = tmp;
1086 	}
1087 
1088 	if (result != NULL)
1089 		ldap_msgfree(result);
1090 
1091 	return (domains);
1092 
1093 err:
1094 	free(domains);
1095 	if (result != NULL)
1096 		ldap_msgfree(result);
1097 	return (NULL);
1098 }
1099 
1100 
1101 ad_disc_t
1102 ad_disc_init(void)
1103 {
1104 	struct ad_disc *ctx;
1105 	ctx = calloc(1, sizeof (struct ad_disc));
1106 	if (ctx != NULL)
1107 		DO_RES_NINIT(ctx);
1108 
1109 	ctx->domain_name.type = AD_STRING;
1110 	ctx->domain_controller.type = AD_DIRECTORY;
1111 	ctx->site_name.type = AD_STRING;
1112 	ctx->forest_name.type = AD_STRING;
1113 	ctx->global_catalog.type = AD_DIRECTORY;
1114 	ctx->domains_in_forest.type = AD_DOMAINS_IN_FOREST;
1115 	ctx->trusted_domains.type = AD_TRUSTED_DOMAINS;
1116 	/* Site specific versions */
1117 	ctx->site_domain_controller.type = AD_DIRECTORY;
1118 	ctx->site_global_catalog.type = AD_DIRECTORY;
1119 	return (ctx);
1120 }
1121 
1122 
1123 void
1124 ad_disc_fini(ad_disc_t ctx)
1125 {
1126 	if (ctx == NULL)
1127 		return;
1128 
1129 	if (ctx->res_ninitted)
1130 		res_ndestroy(&ctx->res_state);
1131 
1132 	if (ctx->subnets != NULL)
1133 		free(ctx->subnets);
1134 
1135 	if (ctx->domain_name.value != NULL)
1136 		free(ctx->domain_name.value);
1137 
1138 	if (ctx->domain_controller.value != NULL)
1139 		free(ctx->domain_controller.value);
1140 
1141 	if (ctx->site_name.value != NULL)
1142 		free(ctx->site_name.value);
1143 
1144 	if (ctx->forest_name.value != NULL)
1145 		free(ctx->forest_name.value);
1146 
1147 	if (ctx->global_catalog.value != NULL)
1148 		free(ctx->global_catalog.value);
1149 
1150 	if (ctx->domains_in_forest.value != NULL)
1151 		free(ctx->domains_in_forest.value);
1152 
1153 	if (ctx->trusted_domains.value != NULL)
1154 		free(ctx->trusted_domains.value);
1155 
1156 	/* Site specific versions */
1157 	if (ctx->site_domain_controller.value != NULL)
1158 		free(ctx->site_domain_controller.value);
1159 
1160 	if (ctx->site_global_catalog.value != NULL)
1161 		free(ctx->site_global_catalog.value);
1162 
1163 	free(ctx);
1164 }
1165 
1166 void
1167 ad_disc_refresh(ad_disc_t ctx)
1168 {
1169 	if (ctx->res_ninitted)
1170 		res_ndestroy(&ctx->res_state);
1171 	(void) memset(&ctx->res_state, 0, sizeof (ctx->res_state));
1172 	ctx->res_ninitted = res_ninit(&ctx->res_state) != -1;
1173 
1174 	if (ctx->domain_name.state == AD_STATE_AUTO)
1175 		ctx->domain_name.state = AD_STATE_INVALID;
1176 
1177 	if (ctx->domain_controller.state == AD_STATE_AUTO)
1178 		ctx->domain_controller.state  = AD_STATE_INVALID;
1179 
1180 	if (ctx->site_name.state == AD_STATE_AUTO)
1181 		ctx->site_name.state = AD_STATE_INVALID;
1182 
1183 	if (ctx->forest_name.state == AD_STATE_AUTO)
1184 		ctx->forest_name.state = AD_STATE_INVALID;
1185 
1186 	if (ctx->global_catalog.state == AD_STATE_AUTO)
1187 		ctx->global_catalog.state = AD_STATE_INVALID;
1188 
1189 	if (ctx->domains_in_forest.state == AD_STATE_AUTO)
1190 		ctx->domains_in_forest.state  = AD_STATE_INVALID;
1191 
1192 	if (ctx->trusted_domains.state == AD_STATE_AUTO)
1193 		ctx->trusted_domains.state  = AD_STATE_INVALID;
1194 
1195 	if (ctx->site_domain_controller.state == AD_STATE_AUTO)
1196 		ctx->site_domain_controller.state  = AD_STATE_INVALID;
1197 
1198 	if (ctx->site_global_catalog.state == AD_STATE_AUTO)
1199 		ctx->site_global_catalog.state = AD_STATE_INVALID;
1200 }
1201 
1202 
1203 
1204 /* Discover joined Active Directory domainName */
1205 static ad_item_t *
1206 validate_DomainName(ad_disc_t ctx)
1207 {
1208 	idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *domain_controller = NULL;
1209 	char *dname, *srvname;
1210 	uint32_t ttl = 0;
1211 	int len;
1212 
1213 	if (is_valid(&ctx->domain_name))
1214 		return (&ctx->domain_name);
1215 
1216 
1217 	/* Try to find our domain by searching for DCs for it */
1218 	DO_RES_NINIT(ctx);
1219 	domain_controller = srv_query(&ctx->res_state, LDAP_SRV_HEAD
1220 	    DC_SRV_TAIL, ctx->domain_name.value, &srvname, &ttl);
1221 
1222 	/*
1223 	 * If we can't find DCs by via res_nsearch() then there's no
1224 	 * point in trying anything else to discover the AD domain name.
1225 	 */
1226 	if (domain_controller == NULL)
1227 		return (NULL);
1228 
1229 	free(domain_controller);
1230 	/*
1231 	 * We have the FQDN of the SRV RR name, so now we extract the
1232 	 * domainname suffix from it.
1233 	 */
1234 	dname = strdup(srvname + strlen(LDAP_SRV_HEAD DC_SRV_TAIL) +
1235 	    1 /* for the dot between RR name and domainname */);
1236 
1237 	free(srvname);
1238 
1239 	if (dname == NULL) {
1240 		logger(LOG_ERR, "Out of memory");
1241 		return (NULL);
1242 	}
1243 
1244 	/* Eat any trailing dot */
1245 	len = strlen(dname);
1246 	if (len > 0 && dname[len - 1] == '.')
1247 		dname[len - 1] = '\0';
1248 
1249 	update_item(&ctx->domain_name, dname, AD_STATE_AUTO, ttl);
1250 
1251 	return (&ctx->domain_name);
1252 }
1253 
1254 
1255 char *
1256 ad_disc_get_DomainName(ad_disc_t ctx, boolean_t *auto_discovered)
1257 {
1258 	char *domain_name = NULL;
1259 	ad_item_t *domain_name_item;
1260 
1261 	domain_name_item = validate_DomainName(ctx);
1262 
1263 	if (domain_name_item) {
1264 		domain_name = strdup(domain_name_item->value);
1265 		if (auto_discovered != NULL)
1266 			*auto_discovered =
1267 			    (domain_name_item->state == AD_STATE_AUTO);
1268 	} else if (auto_discovered != NULL)
1269 		*auto_discovered = B_FALSE;
1270 
1271 	return (domain_name);
1272 }
1273 
1274 
1275 /* Discover domain controllers */
1276 static ad_item_t *
1277 validate_DomainController(ad_disc_t ctx, enum ad_disc_req req)
1278 {
1279 	uint32_t ttl = 0;
1280 	idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *domain_controller = NULL;
1281 	boolean_t validate_global = B_FALSE;
1282 	boolean_t validate_site = B_FALSE;
1283 	ad_item_t *domain_name_item;
1284 	ad_item_t *site_name_item = NULL;
1285 
1286 	/* If the values is fixed there will not be a site specific version */
1287 	if (is_fixed(&ctx->domain_controller))
1288 		return (&ctx->domain_controller);
1289 
1290 	domain_name_item = validate_DomainName(ctx);
1291 	if (domain_name_item == NULL)
1292 		return (NULL);
1293 
1294 	if (req == AD_DISC_GLOBAL)
1295 		validate_global = B_TRUE;
1296 	else {
1297 		site_name_item = validate_SiteName(ctx);
1298 		if (site_name_item != NULL)
1299 			validate_site = B_TRUE;
1300 		else if (req == AD_DISC_PREFER_SITE)
1301 			validate_global = B_TRUE;
1302 	}
1303 
1304 	if (validate_global) {
1305 		if (!is_valid(&ctx->domain_controller) ||
1306 		    is_changed(&ctx->domain_controller, PARAM1,
1307 		    domain_name_item)) {
1308 			/*
1309 			 * Lookup DNS SRV RR named
1310 			 * _ldap._tcp.dc._msdcs.<DomainName>
1311 			 */
1312 			DO_RES_NINIT(ctx);
1313 			domain_controller = srv_query(&ctx->res_state,
1314 			    LDAP_SRV_HEAD DC_SRV_TAIL,
1315 			    domain_name_item->value, NULL, &ttl);
1316 
1317 			if (domain_controller == NULL)
1318 				return (NULL);
1319 
1320 			update_item(&ctx->domain_controller, domain_controller,
1321 			    AD_STATE_AUTO, ttl);
1322 			update_version(&ctx->domain_controller, PARAM1,
1323 			    domain_name_item);
1324 		}
1325 		return (&ctx->domain_controller);
1326 	}
1327 
1328 	if (validate_site) {
1329 		if (!is_valid(&ctx->site_domain_controller) ||
1330 		    is_changed(&ctx->site_domain_controller, PARAM1,
1331 		    domain_name_item) ||
1332 		    is_changed(&ctx->site_domain_controller, PARAM2,
1333 		    site_name_item)) {
1334 			char rr_name[DNS_MAX_NAME];
1335 			/*
1336 			 * Lookup DNS SRV RR named
1337 			 * _ldap._tcp.<SiteName>._sites.dc._msdcs.<DomainName>
1338 			 */
1339 			(void) snprintf(rr_name, sizeof (rr_name),
1340 			    LDAP_SRV_HEAD SITE_SRV_MIDDLE DC_SRV_TAIL,
1341 			    site_name_item->value);
1342 			DO_RES_NINIT(ctx);
1343 			domain_controller = srv_query(&ctx->res_state, rr_name,
1344 			    domain_name_item->value, NULL, &ttl);
1345 			if (domain_controller == NULL)
1346 				return (NULL);
1347 
1348 			update_item(&ctx->site_domain_controller,
1349 			    domain_controller, AD_STATE_AUTO, ttl);
1350 			update_version(&ctx->site_domain_controller, PARAM1,
1351 			    domain_name_item);
1352 			update_version(&ctx->site_domain_controller, PARAM2,
1353 			    site_name_item);
1354 		}
1355 		return (&ctx->site_domain_controller);
1356 	}
1357 	return (NULL);
1358 }
1359 
1360 idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *
1361 ad_disc_get_DomainController(ad_disc_t ctx, enum ad_disc_req req,
1362 			boolean_t *auto_discovered)
1363 {
1364 	ad_item_t *domain_controller_item;
1365 	idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *domain_controller = NULL;
1366 
1367 	domain_controller_item = validate_DomainController(ctx, req);
1368 
1369 	if (domain_controller_item != NULL) {
1370 		domain_controller = ds_dup(domain_controller_item->value);
1371 		if (auto_discovered != NULL)
1372 			*auto_discovered =
1373 			    (domain_controller_item->state == AD_STATE_AUTO);
1374 	} else if (auto_discovered != NULL)
1375 		*auto_discovered = B_FALSE;
1376 
1377 	return (domain_controller);
1378 }
1379 
1380 
1381 /* Discover site name (for multi-homed systems the first one found wins) */
1382 static ad_item_t *
1383 validate_SiteName(ad_disc_t ctx)
1384 {
1385 	LDAP *ld = NULL;
1386 	ad_subnet_t *subnets = NULL;
1387 	char **dn_subnets = NULL;
1388 	char *dn_root[2];
1389 	char *config_naming_context = NULL;
1390 	char *site_object = NULL;
1391 	char *site_name = NULL;
1392 	char *forest_name;
1393 	int len;
1394 	int i;
1395 	boolean_t update_required = B_FALSE;
1396 	ad_item_t *domain_controller_item;
1397 
1398 	if (is_fixed(&ctx->site_name))
1399 		return (&ctx->site_name);
1400 
1401 	/* Can't rely on site-specific DCs */
1402 	domain_controller_item = validate_DomainController(ctx, AD_DISC_GLOBAL);
1403 	if (domain_controller_item == NULL)
1404 		return (NULL);
1405 
1406 	if (!is_valid(&ctx->site_name) ||
1407 	    is_changed(&ctx->site_name, PARAM1, &ctx->domain_controller) ||
1408 	    ctx->subnets == NULL || ctx->subnets_changed) {
1409 		subnets = find_subnets();
1410 		ctx->subnets_last_check = time(NULL);
1411 		update_required = B_TRUE;
1412 	} else if (ctx->subnets_last_check + 60 < time(NULL)) {
1413 		subnets = find_subnets();
1414 		ctx->subnets_last_check = time(NULL);
1415 		if (cmpsubnets(ctx->subnets, subnets) != 0)
1416 			update_required = B_TRUE;
1417 	}
1418 
1419 	if (!update_required) {
1420 		free(subnets);
1421 		return (&ctx->site_name);
1422 	}
1423 
1424 	if (subnets == NULL)
1425 		return (NULL);
1426 
1427 	dn_root[0] = "";
1428 	dn_root[1] = NULL;
1429 
1430 	config_naming_context = ldap_lookup_entry_attr(
1431 	    &ld, ctx->domain_controller.value,
1432 	    dn_root, "configurationNamingContext");
1433 	if (config_naming_context == NULL)
1434 		goto out;
1435 	/*
1436 	 * configurationNamingContext also provides the Forest
1437 	 * Name.
1438 	 */
1439 	if (!is_fixed(&ctx->forest_name)) {
1440 		/*
1441 		 * The configurationNamingContext should be of
1442 		 * form:
1443 		 * CN=Configuration,<DNforestName>
1444 		 * Remove the first part and convert to DNS form
1445 		 * (replace ",DC=" with ".")
1446 		 */
1447 		char *str = "CN=Configuration,";
1448 		int len = strlen(str);
1449 		if (strncasecmp(config_naming_context, str, len) == 0) {
1450 			forest_name = DN_to_DNS(config_naming_context + len);
1451 			update_item(&ctx->forest_name, forest_name,
1452 			    AD_STATE_AUTO, 0);
1453 		}
1454 	}
1455 
1456 	dn_subnets = subnets_to_DNs(subnets, config_naming_context);
1457 	if (dn_subnets == NULL)
1458 		goto out;
1459 
1460 	site_object = ldap_lookup_entry_attr(
1461 	    &ld, domain_controller_item->value,
1462 	    dn_subnets, "siteobject");
1463 	if (site_object != NULL) {
1464 		/*
1465 		 * The site object should be of the form
1466 		 * CN=<site>,CN=Sites,CN=Configuration,
1467 		 *		<DN Domain>
1468 		 */
1469 		if (strncasecmp(site_object, "CN=", 3) == 0) {
1470 			for (len = 0; site_object[len + 3] != ','; len++)
1471 					;
1472 			site_name = malloc(len + 1);
1473 			(void) strncpy(site_name, &site_object[3], len);
1474 			site_name[len] = '\0';
1475 			update_item(&ctx->site_name, site_name,
1476 			    AD_STATE_AUTO, 0);
1477 		}
1478 	}
1479 
1480 	if (ctx->subnets != NULL) {
1481 		free(ctx->subnets);
1482 		ctx->subnets = NULL;
1483 	}
1484 	ctx->subnets = subnets;
1485 	subnets = NULL;
1486 	ctx->subnets_changed = B_FALSE;
1487 
1488 out:
1489 	if (ld != NULL)
1490 		(void) ldap_unbind(ld);
1491 
1492 	if (dn_subnets != NULL) {
1493 		for (i = 0; dn_subnets[i] != NULL; i++)
1494 			free(dn_subnets[i]);
1495 		free(dn_subnets);
1496 	}
1497 	if (config_naming_context != NULL)
1498 		free(config_naming_context);
1499 	if (site_object != NULL)
1500 		free(site_object);
1501 
1502 	free(subnets);
1503 	if (site_name == NULL)
1504 		return (NULL);
1505 	return (&ctx->site_name);
1506 
1507 }
1508 
1509 
1510 char *
1511 ad_disc_get_SiteName(ad_disc_t ctx, boolean_t *auto_discovered)
1512 {
1513 	ad_item_t *site_name_item;
1514 	char	*site_name = NULL;
1515 
1516 	site_name_item = validate_SiteName(ctx);
1517 	if (site_name_item != NULL) {
1518 		site_name = strdup(site_name_item->value);
1519 		if (auto_discovered != NULL)
1520 			*auto_discovered =
1521 			    (site_name_item->state == AD_STATE_AUTO);
1522 	} else if (auto_discovered != NULL)
1523 		*auto_discovered = B_FALSE;
1524 
1525 	return (site_name);
1526 }
1527 
1528 
1529 
1530 /* Discover forest name */
1531 static ad_item_t *
1532 validate_ForestName(ad_disc_t ctx)
1533 {
1534 	LDAP	*ld = NULL;
1535 	char	*config_naming_context;
1536 	char	*forest_name = NULL;
1537 	char	*dn_list[2];
1538 	ad_item_t *domain_controller_item;
1539 
1540 	if (is_fixed(&ctx->forest_name))
1541 		return (&ctx->forest_name);
1542 	/*
1543 	 * We may not have a site name yet, so we won't rely on
1544 	 * site-specific DCs.  (But maybe we could replace
1545 	 * validate_ForestName() with validate_siteName()?)
1546 	 */
1547 	domain_controller_item = validate_DomainController(ctx, AD_DISC_GLOBAL);
1548 	if (domain_controller_item == NULL)
1549 		return (NULL);
1550 
1551 	if (!is_valid(&ctx->forest_name) ||
1552 	    is_changed(&ctx->forest_name, PARAM1, domain_controller_item)) {
1553 
1554 		dn_list[0] = "";
1555 		dn_list[1] = NULL;
1556 		config_naming_context = ldap_lookup_entry_attr(
1557 		    &ld, ctx->domain_controller.value,
1558 		    dn_list, "configurationNamingContext");
1559 		if (config_naming_context != NULL) {
1560 			/*
1561 			 * The configurationNamingContext should be of
1562 			 * form:
1563 			 * CN=Configuration,<DNforestName>
1564 			 * Remove the first part and convert to DNS form
1565 			 * (replace ",DC=" with ".")
1566 			 */
1567 			char *str = "CN=Configuration,";
1568 			int len = strlen(str);
1569 			if (strncasecmp(config_naming_context, str, len) == 0) {
1570 				forest_name = DN_to_DNS(
1571 				    config_naming_context + len);
1572 			}
1573 			free(config_naming_context);
1574 		}
1575 		if (ld != NULL)
1576 			(void) ldap_unbind(ld);
1577 
1578 		if (forest_name == NULL)
1579 			return (NULL);
1580 
1581 		update_item(&ctx->forest_name, forest_name, AD_STATE_AUTO, 0);
1582 		update_version(&ctx->forest_name, PARAM1,
1583 		    domain_controller_item);
1584 	}
1585 	return (&ctx->forest_name);
1586 }
1587 
1588 
1589 char *
1590 ad_disc_get_ForestName(ad_disc_t ctx, boolean_t *auto_discovered)
1591 {
1592 	ad_item_t *forest_name_item;
1593 	char	*forest_name = NULL;
1594 
1595 	forest_name_item = validate_ForestName(ctx);
1596 
1597 	if (forest_name_item != NULL) {
1598 		forest_name = strdup(forest_name_item->value);
1599 		if (auto_discovered != NULL)
1600 			*auto_discovered =
1601 			    (forest_name_item->state == AD_STATE_AUTO);
1602 	} else if (auto_discovered != NULL)
1603 		*auto_discovered = B_FALSE;
1604 
1605 	return (forest_name);
1606 }
1607 
1608 
1609 /* Discover global catalog servers */
1610 static ad_item_t *
1611 validate_GlobalCatalog(ad_disc_t ctx, enum ad_disc_req req)
1612 {
1613 	idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *global_catalog = NULL;
1614 	uint32_t ttl = 0;
1615 	boolean_t validate_global = B_FALSE;
1616 	boolean_t validate_site = B_FALSE;
1617 	ad_item_t *forest_name_item;
1618 	ad_item_t *site_name_item;
1619 
1620 	/* If the values is fixed there will not be a site specific version */
1621 	if (is_fixed(&ctx->global_catalog))
1622 		return (&ctx->global_catalog);
1623 
1624 	forest_name_item = validate_ForestName(ctx);
1625 	if (forest_name_item == NULL)
1626 		return (NULL);
1627 
1628 	if (req == AD_DISC_GLOBAL)
1629 		validate_global = B_TRUE;
1630 	else {
1631 		site_name_item = validate_SiteName(ctx);
1632 		if (site_name_item != NULL)
1633 			validate_site = B_TRUE;
1634 		else if (req == AD_DISC_PREFER_SITE)
1635 			validate_global = B_TRUE;
1636 	}
1637 
1638 	if (validate_global) {
1639 		if (!is_valid(&ctx->global_catalog) ||
1640 		    is_changed(&ctx->global_catalog, PARAM1,
1641 		    forest_name_item)) {
1642 			/*
1643 			 * Lookup DNS SRV RR named
1644 			 * _ldap._tcp.gc._msdcs.<ForestName>
1645 			 */
1646 			DO_RES_NINIT(ctx);
1647 			global_catalog =
1648 			    srv_query(&ctx->res_state,
1649 			    LDAP_SRV_HEAD GC_SRV_TAIL,
1650 			    ctx->forest_name.value, NULL, &ttl);
1651 
1652 			if (global_catalog == NULL)
1653 				return (NULL);
1654 
1655 			update_item(&ctx->global_catalog, global_catalog,
1656 			    AD_STATE_AUTO, ttl);
1657 			update_version(&ctx->global_catalog, PARAM1,
1658 			    forest_name_item);
1659 		}
1660 		return (&ctx->global_catalog);
1661 	}
1662 
1663 	if (validate_site) {
1664 		if (!is_valid(&ctx->site_global_catalog) ||
1665 		    is_changed(&ctx->site_global_catalog, PARAM1,
1666 		    forest_name_item) ||
1667 		    is_changed(&ctx->site_global_catalog, PARAM2,
1668 		    site_name_item)) {
1669 			char 	rr_name[DNS_MAX_NAME];
1670 
1671 			/*
1672 			 * Lookup DNS SRV RR named:
1673 			 * _ldap._tcp.<siteName>._sites.gc.
1674 			 *	_msdcs.<ForestName>
1675 			 */
1676 			(void) snprintf(rr_name,
1677 			    sizeof (rr_name),
1678 			    LDAP_SRV_HEAD SITE_SRV_MIDDLE GC_SRV_TAIL,
1679 			    ctx->site_name.value);
1680 			DO_RES_NINIT(ctx);
1681 			global_catalog = srv_query(&ctx->res_state, rr_name,
1682 			    ctx->forest_name.value, NULL, &ttl);
1683 
1684 			if (global_catalog == NULL)
1685 				return (NULL);
1686 			update_item(&ctx->site_global_catalog, global_catalog,
1687 			    AD_STATE_AUTO, ttl);
1688 			update_version(&ctx->site_global_catalog, PARAM1,
1689 			    forest_name_item);
1690 			update_version(&ctx->site_global_catalog, PARAM2,
1691 			    site_name_item);
1692 		}
1693 		return (&ctx->site_global_catalog);
1694 	}
1695 	return (NULL);
1696 }
1697 
1698 
1699 idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *
1700 ad_disc_get_GlobalCatalog(ad_disc_t ctx, enum ad_disc_req req,
1701 			boolean_t *auto_discovered)
1702 {
1703 	idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *global_catalog = NULL;
1704 	ad_item_t *global_catalog_item;
1705 
1706 	global_catalog_item = validate_GlobalCatalog(ctx, req);
1707 
1708 	if (global_catalog_item != NULL) {
1709 		global_catalog = ds_dup(global_catalog_item->value);
1710 		if (auto_discovered != NULL)
1711 			*auto_discovered =
1712 			    (global_catalog_item->state == AD_STATE_AUTO);
1713 	} else if (auto_discovered != NULL)
1714 		*auto_discovered = B_FALSE;
1715 
1716 	return (global_catalog);
1717 }
1718 
1719 
1720 static ad_item_t *
1721 validate_TrustedDomains(ad_disc_t ctx)
1722 {
1723 	LDAP *ld = NULL;
1724 	ad_item_t *global_catalog_item;
1725 	ad_item_t *forest_name_item;
1726 	ad_disc_trusteddomains_t *trusted_domains;
1727 	char *dn = NULL;
1728 	char *forest_name_dn;
1729 	int len;
1730 	int num_parts;
1731 
1732 	if (is_fixed(&ctx->trusted_domains))
1733 		return (&ctx->trusted_domains);
1734 
1735 	global_catalog_item = validate_GlobalCatalog(ctx, AD_DISC_GLOBAL);
1736 	if (global_catalog_item == NULL)
1737 		return (NULL);
1738 
1739 	forest_name_item = validate_ForestName(ctx);
1740 	if (forest_name_item == NULL)
1741 		return (NULL);
1742 
1743 	if (!is_valid(&ctx->trusted_domains) ||
1744 	    is_changed(&ctx->trusted_domains, PARAM1, global_catalog_item) ||
1745 	    is_changed(&ctx->trusted_domains, PARAM2, forest_name_item)) {
1746 
1747 		forest_name_dn = ldap_dns_to_dn(forest_name_item->value,
1748 		    &num_parts);
1749 		if (forest_name_dn == NULL)
1750 			return (NULL);
1751 
1752 		len = snprintf(NULL, 0, "CN=System,%s", forest_name_dn) + 1;
1753 		dn = malloc(len);
1754 		if (dn == NULL)  {
1755 			free(forest_name_dn);
1756 			return (NULL);
1757 		}
1758 		(void) snprintf(dn, len, "CN=System,%s", forest_name_dn);
1759 		free(forest_name_dn);
1760 
1761 		trusted_domains = ldap_lookup_trusted_domains(
1762 		    &ld, global_catalog_item->value, dn);
1763 
1764 		if (ld != NULL)
1765 			(void) ldap_unbind(ld);
1766 		free(dn);
1767 
1768 		if (trusted_domains == NULL)
1769 			return (NULL);
1770 
1771 		update_item(&ctx->trusted_domains, trusted_domains,
1772 		    AD_STATE_AUTO, 0);
1773 		update_version(&ctx->trusted_domains, PARAM1,
1774 		    global_catalog_item);
1775 		update_version(&ctx->trusted_domains, PARAM2,
1776 		    forest_name_item);
1777 	}
1778 
1779 	return (&ctx->trusted_domains);
1780 }
1781 
1782 
1783 ad_disc_trusteddomains_t *
1784 ad_disc_get_TrustedDomains(ad_disc_t ctx, boolean_t *auto_discovered)
1785 {
1786 	ad_disc_trusteddomains_t *trusted_domains = NULL;
1787 	ad_item_t *trusted_domains_item;
1788 
1789 	trusted_domains_item = validate_TrustedDomains(ctx);
1790 
1791 	if (trusted_domains_item != NULL) {
1792 		trusted_domains = td_dup(trusted_domains_item->value);
1793 		if (auto_discovered != NULL)
1794 			*auto_discovered =
1795 			    (trusted_domains_item->state == AD_STATE_AUTO);
1796 	} else if (auto_discovered != NULL)
1797 		*auto_discovered = B_FALSE;
1798 
1799 	return (trusted_domains);
1800 }
1801 
1802 
1803 static ad_item_t *
1804 validate_DomainsInForest(ad_disc_t ctx)
1805 {
1806 	ad_item_t *global_catalog_item;
1807 	LDAP *ld = NULL;
1808 	ad_disc_domainsinforest_t *domains_in_forest;
1809 
1810 	if (is_fixed(&ctx->domains_in_forest))
1811 		return (&ctx->domains_in_forest);
1812 
1813 	global_catalog_item = validate_GlobalCatalog(ctx, AD_DISC_GLOBAL);
1814 	if (global_catalog_item == NULL)
1815 		return (NULL);
1816 
1817 	if (!is_valid(&ctx->domains_in_forest) ||
1818 	    is_changed(&ctx->domains_in_forest, PARAM1, global_catalog_item)) {
1819 
1820 		domains_in_forest = ldap_lookup_domains_in_forest(
1821 		    &ld, global_catalog_item->value);
1822 
1823 		if (ld != NULL)
1824 			(void) ldap_unbind(ld);
1825 
1826 		if (domains_in_forest == NULL)
1827 			return (NULL);
1828 
1829 		update_item(&ctx->domains_in_forest, domains_in_forest,
1830 		    AD_STATE_AUTO, 0);
1831 		update_version(&ctx->domains_in_forest, PARAM1,
1832 		    global_catalog_item);
1833 	}
1834 	return (&ctx->domains_in_forest);
1835 }
1836 
1837 
1838 ad_disc_domainsinforest_t *
1839 ad_disc_get_DomainsInForest(ad_disc_t ctx, boolean_t *auto_discovered)
1840 {
1841 	ad_disc_domainsinforest_t *domains_in_forest = NULL;
1842 	ad_item_t *domains_in_forest_item;
1843 
1844 	domains_in_forest_item = validate_DomainsInForest(ctx);
1845 
1846 	if (domains_in_forest_item != NULL) {
1847 		domains_in_forest = df_dup(domains_in_forest_item->value);
1848 		if (auto_discovered != NULL)
1849 			*auto_discovered =
1850 			    (domains_in_forest_item->state == AD_STATE_AUTO);
1851 	} else if (auto_discovered != NULL)
1852 		*auto_discovered = B_FALSE;
1853 
1854 	return (domains_in_forest);
1855 }
1856 
1857 
1858 
1859 
1860 int
1861 ad_disc_set_DomainName(ad_disc_t ctx, const char *domainName)
1862 {
1863 	char *domain_name = NULL;
1864 	if (domainName != NULL) {
1865 		domain_name = strdup(domainName);
1866 		if (domain_name == NULL)
1867 			return (-1);
1868 		update_item(&ctx->domain_name, domain_name,
1869 		    AD_STATE_FIXED, 0);
1870 	} else if (ctx->domain_name.state == AD_STATE_FIXED)
1871 		ctx->domain_name.state = AD_STATE_INVALID;
1872 	return (0);
1873 }
1874 
1875 
1876 int
1877 ad_disc_set_DomainController(ad_disc_t ctx,
1878 				const idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *domainController)
1879 {
1880 	idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *domain_controller = NULL;
1881 	if (domainController != NULL) {
1882 		domain_controller = ds_dup(domainController);
1883 		if (domain_controller == NULL)
1884 			return (-1);
1885 		update_item(&ctx->domain_controller, domain_controller,
1886 		    AD_STATE_FIXED, 0);
1887 	} else if (ctx->domain_controller.state == AD_STATE_FIXED)
1888 		ctx->domain_controller.state = AD_STATE_INVALID;
1889 	return (0);
1890 }
1891 
1892 
1893 int
1894 ad_disc_set_SiteName(ad_disc_t ctx, const char *siteName)
1895 {
1896 	char *site_name = NULL;
1897 	if (siteName != NULL) {
1898 		site_name = strdup(siteName);
1899 		if (site_name == NULL)
1900 			return (-1);
1901 		update_item(&ctx->site_name, site_name, AD_STATE_FIXED, 0);
1902 	} else if (ctx->site_name.state == AD_STATE_FIXED)
1903 		ctx->site_name.state = AD_STATE_INVALID;
1904 	return (0);
1905 }
1906 
1907 int
1908 ad_disc_set_ForestName(ad_disc_t ctx, const char *forestName)
1909 {
1910 	char *forest_name = NULL;
1911 	if (forestName != NULL) {
1912 		forest_name = strdup(forestName);
1913 		if (forest_name == NULL)
1914 			return (-1);
1915 		update_item(&ctx->forest_name, forest_name,
1916 		    AD_STATE_FIXED, 0);
1917 	} else if (ctx->forest_name.state == AD_STATE_FIXED)
1918 		ctx->forest_name.state = AD_STATE_INVALID;
1919 	return (0);
1920 }
1921 
1922 int
1923 ad_disc_set_GlobalCatalog(ad_disc_t ctx,
1924     const idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *globalCatalog)
1925 {
1926 	idmap_ad_disc_ds_t *global_catalog = NULL;
1927 	if (globalCatalog != NULL) {
1928 		global_catalog = ds_dup(globalCatalog);
1929 		if (global_catalog == NULL)
1930 			return (-1);
1931 		update_item(&ctx->global_catalog, global_catalog,
1932 		    AD_STATE_FIXED, 0);
1933 	} else if (ctx->global_catalog.state == AD_STATE_FIXED)
1934 		ctx->global_catalog.state = AD_STATE_INVALID;
1935 	return (0);
1936 }
1937 
1938 
1939 int
1940 ad_disc_unset(ad_disc_t ctx)
1941 {
1942 	if (ctx->domain_name.state == AD_STATE_FIXED)
1943 		ctx->domain_name.state =  AD_STATE_INVALID;
1944 
1945 	if (ctx->domain_controller.state == AD_STATE_FIXED)
1946 		ctx->domain_controller.state =  AD_STATE_INVALID;
1947 
1948 	if (ctx->site_name.state == AD_STATE_FIXED)
1949 		ctx->site_name.state =  AD_STATE_INVALID;
1950 
1951 	if (ctx->forest_name.state == AD_STATE_FIXED)
1952 		ctx->forest_name.state =  AD_STATE_INVALID;
1953 
1954 	if (ctx->global_catalog.state == AD_STATE_FIXED)
1955 		ctx->global_catalog.state =  AD_STATE_INVALID;
1956 
1957 	return (0);
1958 }
1959 
1960 /*
1961  * ad_disc_get_TTL
1962  *
1963  * This routines the time to live for AD
1964  * auto discovered items.
1965  *
1966  *	Returns:
1967  *		-1 if there are no TTL items
1968  *		0  if there are expired items
1969  *		else the number of seconds
1970  *
1971  * The MIN_GT_ZERO(x, y) macro return the lesser of x and y, provided it
1972  * is positive -- min() greater than zero.
1973  */
1974 #define	MIN_GT_ZERO(x, y) (((x) <= 0) ? (((y) <= 0) ? \
1975 		(-1) : (y)) : (((y) <= 0) ? (x) : (((x) > (y)) ? (y) : (x))))
1976 int
1977 ad_disc_get_TTL(ad_disc_t ctx)
1978 {
1979 	int ttl;
1980 
1981 	ttl = MIN_GT_ZERO(ctx->domain_controller.ttl, ctx->global_catalog.ttl);
1982 	ttl = MIN_GT_ZERO(ttl, ctx->site_domain_controller.ttl);
1983 	ttl = MIN_GT_ZERO(ttl, ctx->site_global_catalog.ttl);
1984 
1985 	if (ttl == -1)
1986 		return (-1);
1987 	ttl -= time(NULL);
1988 	if (ttl < 0)
1989 		return (0);
1990 	return (ttl);
1991 }
1992 
1993 boolean_t
1994 ad_disc_SubnetChanged(ad_disc_t ctx)
1995 {
1996 	ad_subnet_t *subnets;
1997 
1998 	if (ctx->subnets_changed || ctx->subnets == NULL)
1999 		return (B_TRUE);
2000 
2001 	if ((subnets = find_subnets()) != NULL) {
2002 		if (cmpsubnets(subnets, ctx->subnets) != 0)
2003 			ctx->subnets_changed = B_TRUE;
2004 		free(subnets);
2005 	}
2006 
2007 	return (ctx->subnets_changed);
2008 }
2009