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mknod - make a directory, a special file, or a regular file

#include <sys/stat.h>

int mknod(const char *path, mode_t mode, dev_t dev);

The mknod() function creates a new file named by the path name pointed to by path. The file type and permissions of the new file are initialized from mode.

The file type is specified in mode by the S_IFMT bits, which must be set to one of the following values:

S_IFIFO

S_IFCHR

S_IFDIR

S_IFBLK

S_IFREG

The file access permissions are specified in mode by the 0007777 bits, and may be constructed by a bitwise OR operation of the following values:

S_ISUID	04000	Set user ID on execution.
S_ISGID	020#0
Set group ID on execution if # is 7, 5, 3, or 1. Enable mandatory file/record locking if # is 6, 4, 2, or 0
S_ISVTX	01000
On directories, restricted deletion flag; on regular files on a UFS file system, do not cache flag.
S_IRWXU	00700	Read, write, execute by owner.
S_IRUSR	00400	Read by owner.
S_IWUSR	00200	Write by owner.
S_IXUSR	00100
Execute (search if a directory) by owner.
S_IRWXG	00070	Read, write, execute by group.
S_IRGRP	00040	Read by group.
S_IWGRP	00020	Write by group.
S_IXGRP	00010	Execute by group.
S_IRWXO	00007	Read, write, execute (search) by others.
S_IROTH	00004	Read by others.
S_IWOTH	00002	Write by others
S_IXOTH	00001	Execute by others.

The owner ID of the file is set to the effective user ID of the process. The group ID of the file is set to the effective group ID of the process. However, if the S_ISGID bit is set in the parent directory, then the group ID of the file is inherited from the parent. If the group ID of the new file does not match the effective group ID or one of the supplementary group IDs, the S_ISGID bit is cleared.

The access permission bits of mode are modified by the process's file mode creation mask: all bits set in the process's file mode creation mask are cleared (see umask(2)). If mode indicates a block or character special file, dev is a configuration-dependent specification of a character or block I/O device. If mode does not indicate a block special or character special device, dev is ignored. See makedev(3C).

If path is a symbolic link, it is not followed.

Upon successful completion, mknod() returns 0. Otherwise, it returns -1, the new file is not created, and errno is set to indicate the error.

The mknod() function will fail if:

EACCES

EDQUOT

EEXIST

EFAULT

EINTR

EINVAL

EIO

ELOOP

ENAMETOOLONG

ENOENT

ENOLINK

ENOSPC

ENOTDIR

EPERM

EROFS

The mknod() function may fail if:

ENAMETOOLONG

Applications should use the mkdir(2) function to create a directory because appropriate permissions are not required and because mknod() might not establish directory entries for the directory itself (.) and the parent directory (.\|.). The mknod() function can be invoked only by a privileged user for file types other than FIFO special. The mkfifo(3C) function should be used to create FIFOs.

Doors are created using door_create(3C) and can be attached to the file system using fattach(3C). Symbolic links can be created using symlink(2). An endpoint for communication can be created using socket(3SOCKET).

See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

ATTRIBUTE TYPE	ATTRIBUTE VALUE
Interface Stability	Standard
MT-Level	Async-Signal-Safe

chmod(2), creat(2), exec(2), mkdir(2), open(2), stat(2), symlink(2), umask(2), door_create(3C), fattach(3C), makedev(3C), mkfifo(3C), socket(3SOCKET), stat.h(3HEAD), attributes(5), privileges(5), standards(5)