19b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# tzdb data for Asia and environs 29b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 345ba3153SMarcel Telka# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 545ba3153SMarcel Telka 645ba3153SMarcel Telka# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 745ba3153SMarcel Telka# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 845ba3153SMarcel Telka# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 945ba3153SMarcel Telka# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 1045ba3153SMarcel Telka 11*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-11): 1245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 1445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 1545ba3153SMarcel Telka# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 1645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 1745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 18489eee58SDan McDonald# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source 19489eee58SDan McDonald# for time zone data was the International Air Transport 2045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 2145ba3153SMarcel Telka# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 2245ba3153SMarcel Telka# of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, 2345ba3153SMarcel Telka# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 2445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 2645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 2745ba3153SMarcel Telka# I found in the UCLA library. 2845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2945ba3153SMarcel Telka# For data circa 1899, a common source is: 3045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. 31226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 3245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 3345ba3153SMarcel Telka# For Russian data circa 1919, a source is: 3445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Byalokoz EL. New Counting of Time in Russia since July 1, 1919. 3545ba3153SMarcel Telka# (See the 'europe' file for a fuller citation.) 3645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 3745ba3153SMarcel Telka# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 3845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 3945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 409b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# The following alphabetic abbreviations appear in these tables 419b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# (corrections are welcome): 4245ba3153SMarcel Telka# std dst 4345ba3153SMarcel Telka# LMT Local Mean Time 4445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 4545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 4645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 5:30 IST India 4745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 7:00 WIB west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat) 4845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 8:00 WITA central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah) 4945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 8:00 CST China 50*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# 8:00 HKT HKST Hong Kong (HKWT* for Winter Time in late 1941) 51*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# 8:00 PST PDT* Philippines 52489eee58SDan McDonald# 8:30 KST KDT Korea when at +0830 5345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 9:00 WIT east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur) 5445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 5545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 9:00 KST KDT Korea when at +09 56*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# *I invented the abbreviations HKWT and PDT; see below. 57489eee58SDan McDonald# Otherwise, these tables typically use numeric abbreviations like +03 5880ca1ec9SYuri Pankov# and +0330 for integer hour and minute UT offsets. Although earlier 59489eee58SDan McDonald# editions invented alphabetic time zone abbreviations for every 60489eee58SDan McDonald# offset, this did not reflect common practice. 6145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 6245ba3153SMarcel Telka# See the 'europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 6345ba3153SMarcel Telka 6445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Guy Harris: 6545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 6645ba3153SMarcel Telka# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 6745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 68489eee58SDan McDonald# Worldwide Edition). 6945ba3153SMarcel Telka 7045ba3153SMarcel Telka############################################################################### 7145ba3153SMarcel Telka 7245ba3153SMarcel Telka# These rules are stolen from the 'europe' file. 7345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 7445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 7545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 7645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 778e22b25cSYuri PankovRule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 - 7845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 7945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 808e22b25cSYuri PankovRule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 - 8145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 8245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule RussiaAsia 1984 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 838e22b25cSYuri PankovRule RussiaAsia 1985 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - 84226a4d14SYuri PankovRule RussiaAsia 1996 2010 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 8545ba3153SMarcel Telka 8645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Afghanistan 87*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 8845ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 89489eee58SDan McDonald 4:00 - +04 1945 90489eee58SDan McDonald 4:30 - +0430 9145ba3153SMarcel Telka 9245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Armenia 9345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 9445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 9545ba3153SMarcel Telka# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 9645ba3153SMarcel Telka# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 9745ba3153SMarcel Telka# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 9845ba3153SMarcel Telka# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 9945ba3153SMarcel Telka# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 10045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 10145ba3153SMarcel Telka# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 10245ba3153SMarcel Telka 10345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): 10445ba3153SMarcel Telka# While Russia abandoned DST in 2011, Armenia may choose to 10545ba3153SMarcel Telka# follow Russia's "old" rules. 10645ba3153SMarcel Telka 10745ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-02-10): 10845ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to News Armenia, on Feb 9, 2012, 10945ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://newsarmenia.ru/society/20120209/42609695.html 11045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 11145ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Armenia National Assembly adopted final reading of Amendments to the 11245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Law "On procedure of calculation time on the territory of the Republic of 11345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Armenia" according to which Armenia [is] abolishing Daylight Saving Time. 11445ba3153SMarcel Telka# or 11545ba3153SMarcel Telka# (brief) 11645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_armenia03.html 117226a4d14SYuri Pankov# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1188e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Armenia 2011 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - 119226a4d14SYuri PankovRule Armenia 2011 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 120*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 12145ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 12245ba3153SMarcel Telka 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar 12345ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 12445ba3153SMarcel Telka 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 12545ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 - +04 1997 126226a4d14SYuri Pankov 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2011 127226a4d14SYuri Pankov 4:00 Armenia +04/+05 12845ba3153SMarcel Telka 12945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Azerbaijan 13045ba3153SMarcel Telka 13145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 13245ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 13345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2015-09-17): It was Resolution No. 21 (1997-03-17). 13445ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://code.az/files/daylight_res.pdf 13545ba3153SMarcel Telka 13645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-17): 13745ba3153SMarcel Telka# ... the Azerbaijani Cabinet of Ministers has cancelled switching to 13845ba3153SMarcel Telka# daylight saving time.... 139226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.azernews.az/azerbaijan/94137.html 14045ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://vestnikkavkaza.net/news/Azerbaijani-Cabinet-of-Ministers-cancels-daylight-saving-time.html 14145ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://en.apa.az/xeber_azerbaijan_abolishes_daylight_savings_ti_240862.html 14245ba3153SMarcel Telka 14345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1448e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Azer 1997 2015 - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 - 14545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Azer 1997 2015 - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 146*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 14745ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 14845ba3153SMarcel Telka 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar 14945ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 15045ba3153SMarcel Telka 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s 15145ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 - +04 1996 15245ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 EUAsia +04/+05 1997 15345ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 Azer +04/+05 15445ba3153SMarcel Telka 15545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Bahrain 15645ba3153SMarcel Telka# See Asia/Qatar. 15745ba3153SMarcel Telka 15845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Bangladesh 15945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 16045ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 16145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 16245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 16345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 16445ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 16545ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 16645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 16745ba3153SMarcel Telka# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 16845ba3153SMarcel Telka# June 16945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 17045ba3153SMarcel Telka# crippling power crisis. " 17145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 17245ba3153SMarcel Telka# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 17345ba3153SMarcel Telka# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 17445ba3153SMarcel Telka 17545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 17645ba3153SMarcel Telka# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 17745ba3153SMarcel Telka# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 17845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 17945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Some sources: 180226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 18145ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 18245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 18345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Our wrap-up: 184226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 18545ba3153SMarcel Telka 18645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): 18745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start 18845ba3153SMarcel Telka# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh 18945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). 19045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 19145ba3153SMarcel Telka# No DST end date has been announced yet. 19245ba3153SMarcel Telka 19345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25): 19445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009, 19545ba3153SMarcel Telka# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision. 19645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 19745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday": 19845ba3153SMarcel Telka# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1" 19945ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021 20045ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html 20145ba3153SMarcel Telka 20245ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13): 20345ba3153SMarcel Telka# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports: 20445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make 20545ba3153SMarcel Telka# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would 20645ba3153SMarcel Telka# "continue for an indefinite period." 20745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 20845ba3153SMarcel Telka# One of many places where it is published: 20945ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html 21045ba3153SMarcel Telka 21145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24): 21245ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 21345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009. 21445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 21545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night. 21645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228 21745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html 21845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 21945ba3153SMarcel Telka# "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour 22045ba3153SMarcel Telka# on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31, 22145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime 22245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Minister's Office last night..." 22345ba3153SMarcel Telka 22445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22): 22545ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 22645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Cabinet cancels Daylight Saving Time 22745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817 22845ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html 22945ba3153SMarcel Telka 23045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2318e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 - 23245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 24:00 0 - 23345ba3153SMarcel Telka 234*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 23545ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 23645ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 237489eee58SDan McDonald 6:30 - +0630 1942 May 15 238489eee58SDan McDonald 5:30 - +0530 1942 Sep 239489eee58SDan McDonald 6:30 - +0630 1951 Sep 30 240489eee58SDan McDonald 6:00 - +06 2009 241489eee58SDan McDonald 6:00 Dhaka +06/+07 24245ba3153SMarcel Telka 24345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Bhutan 244*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 24545ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 246489eee58SDan McDonald 5:30 - +0530 1987 Oct 247489eee58SDan McDonald 6:00 - +06 24845ba3153SMarcel Telka 24945ba3153SMarcel Telka# British Indian Ocean Territory 25045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 25145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 25245ba3153SMarcel Telka# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 25345ba3153SMarcel Telka# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 25445ba3153SMarcel Telka# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 255*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 25645ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 257489eee58SDan McDonald 5:00 - +05 1996 258489eee58SDan McDonald 6:00 - +06 25945ba3153SMarcel Telka 26045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Brunei 261*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 26245ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 263489eee58SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1933 264489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 26545ba3153SMarcel Telka 26645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Burma / Myanmar 26745ba3153SMarcel Telka 26845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon. 26945ba3153SMarcel Telka 270226a4d14SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-20): 271226a4d14SYuri Pankov# Page 27 of Reed & Low (cited for Asia/Kolkata) says "Rangoon local time is 272226a4d14SYuri Pankov# used upon the railways and telegraphs of Burma, and is 6h. 24m. 47s. ahead 273226a4d14SYuri Pankov# of Greenwich." This refers to the period before Burma's transition to +0630, 274226a4d14SYuri Pankov# a transition for which Shanks is the only source. 275226a4d14SYuri Pankov 276*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 277226a4d14SYuri PankovZone Asia/Yangon 6:24:47 - LMT 1880 # or Rangoon 278226a4d14SYuri Pankov 6:24:47 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon local time 279489eee58SDan McDonald 6:30 - +0630 1942 May 280489eee58SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 May 3 281489eee58SDan McDonald 6:30 - +0630 28245ba3153SMarcel Telka 28345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Cambodia 28445ba3153SMarcel Telka# See Asia/Bangkok. 28545ba3153SMarcel Telka 28645ba3153SMarcel Telka 28745ba3153SMarcel Telka# China 28845ba3153SMarcel Telka 2899b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2018-10-02): 2909b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# The following comes from Table 1 of: 2919b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Li Yu. Research on the daylight saving movement in 1940s Shanghai. 2929b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences. 2014;(2):144-50. 2939b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# http://oversea.cnki.net/kns55/detail.aspx?dbname=CJFD2014&filename=NJSH201402020 2949b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# The table lists dates only; I am guessing 00:00 and 24:00 transition times. 2959b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Also, the table lists the planned end of DST in 1949, but the corresponding 2969b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# zone line cuts this off on May 28, when the Communists took power. 2979b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 2989b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2999b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 3009b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1940 only - Oct 12 24:00 0 S 3019b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1941 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 3029b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1941 only - Nov 1 24:00 0 S 3039b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1942 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 D 3049b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1945 only - Sep 1 24:00 0 S 3059b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1946 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 3069b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1946 only - Sep 30 24:00 0 S 3079b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1947 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 3089b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1947 only - Oct 31 24:00 0 S 3099b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1948 1949 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 3109b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1948 1949 - Sep 30 24:00 0 S #plan 3119b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 31245ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Guy Harris: 31345ba3153SMarcel Telka# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 31445ba3153SMarcel Telka 31545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 31645ba3153SMarcel Telka# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 31745ba3153SMarcel Telka# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 31845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Peking (Beijing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 31945ba3153SMarcel Telka# has two of 'em - Peking's and Ürümqi (named after the capital of 32045ba3153SMarcel Telka# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 32145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 32245ba3153SMarcel Telka# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 32345ba3153SMarcel Telka# painful to suck in another copy. So, here is what I have for 32445ba3153SMarcel Telka# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 32545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 32645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 32745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1987 mid-April - ?? 32845ba3153SMarcel Telka 32945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 33045ba3153SMarcel Telka# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 33145ba3153SMarcel Telka# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 33245ba3153SMarcel Telka 33345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 33445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Jim Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 33545ba3153SMarcel Telka# time - sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05 ... [says] that China began 33645ba3153SMarcel Telka# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 33745ba3153SMarcel Telka 3389b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# From P Chan (2018-05-07): 3399b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# The start and end time of DST in China [from 1986 on] should be 2:00 3409b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# (i.e. 2:00 to 3:00 at the start and 2:00 to 1:00 at the end).... 3419b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Government notices about summer time: 3429b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 3439b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 1986-04-12 http://www.zj.gov.cn/attach/zfgb/198608.pdf p.21-22 3449b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# (To establish summer time from 1986. On 4 May, set the clocks ahead one hour 3459b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# at 2 am. On 14 September, set the clocks backward one hour at 2 am.) 3469b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 3479b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 1987-02-15 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1987/gwyb198703.pdf p.114 3489b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# (Summer time in 1987 to start from 12 April until 13 September) 3499b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 3509b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 1987-09-09 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1987/gwyb198721.pdf p.709 3519b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# (From 1988, summer time to start from 2 am of the first Sunday of mid-April 3529b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# until 2 am of the first Sunday of mid-September) 3539b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 3549b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 1992-03-03 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1992/gwyb199205.pdf p.152 3559b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# (To suspend summer time from 1992) 3569b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 3579b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# The first page of People's Daily on 12 April 1988 stating that summer time 3589b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# to begin on 17 April. 3599b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# http://data.people.com.cn/pic/101p/1988/04/1988041201.jpg 3609b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 36145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 3629b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule PRC 1986 only - May 4 2:00 1:00 D 3639b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 2:00 0 S 3649b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=11 2:00 1:00 D 36545ba3153SMarcel Telka 36645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 36745ba3153SMarcel Telka# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 36845ba3153SMarcel Telka# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 36945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 37045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 37145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 37245ba3153SMarcel Telka# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 373226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 37445ba3153SMarcel Telka# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 37545ba3153SMarcel Telka# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 37645ba3153SMarcel Telka# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 37745ba3153SMarcel Telka# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 37845ba3153SMarcel Telka# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 37945ba3153SMarcel Telka# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 38045ba3153SMarcel Telka# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 38145ba3153SMarcel Telka 382489eee58SDan McDonald# From Paul Eggert (2017-01-05): 38345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Alois Treindl kindly sent me translations of the following two sources: 38445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 38545ba3153SMarcel Telka# (1) 3869b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Guo Qing-sheng (National Time-Service Center, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China) 38745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Beijing Time at the Beginning of the PRC 38845ba3153SMarcel Telka# China Historical Materials of Science and Technology 3899b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# (Zhongguo ke ji shi liao, 中国科技史料). 2003;24(1):5-9. 3909b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# http://oversea.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?filename=ZGKS200301000&dbname=CJFD2003 39145ba3153SMarcel Telka# It gives evidence that at the beginning of the PRC, Beijing time was 39245ba3153SMarcel Telka# officially apparent solar time! However, Guo also says that the 39345ba3153SMarcel Telka# evidence is dubious, as the relevant institute of astronomy had not 39445ba3153SMarcel Telka# been taken over by the PRC yet. It's plausible that apparent solar 39545ba3153SMarcel Telka# time was announced but never implemented, and that people continued 39645ba3153SMarcel Telka# to use UT+8. As the Shanghai radio station (and I presume the 39745ba3153SMarcel Telka# observatory) was still under control of French missionaries, it 39845ba3153SMarcel Telka# could well have ignored any such mandate. 39945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 40045ba3153SMarcel Telka# (2) 40145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Guo Qing-sheng (Shaanxi Astronomical Observatory, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China) 40245ba3153SMarcel Telka# A Study on the Standard Time Changes for the Past 100 Years in China 40345ba3153SMarcel Telka# [undated and unknown publication location] 40445ba3153SMarcel Telka# It says several things: 40545ba3153SMarcel Telka# * The Qing dynasty used local apparent solar time throughout China. 40645ba3153SMarcel Telka# * The Republic of China instituted Beijing mean solar time effective 40745ba3153SMarcel Telka# the official calendar book of 1914. 40845ba3153SMarcel Telka# * The French Concession in Shanghai set up signal stations in 40945ba3153SMarcel Telka# French docks in the 1890s, controlled by Xujiahui (Zikawei) 41045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Observatory and set to local mean time. 41145ba3153SMarcel Telka# * "From the end of the 19th century" it changed to UT+8. 41245ba3153SMarcel Telka# * Chinese Customs (by then reduced to a tool of foreign powers) 41345ba3153SMarcel Telka# eventually standardized on this time for all ports, and it 41445ba3153SMarcel Telka# became used by railways as well. 41545ba3153SMarcel Telka# * In 1918 the Central Observatory proposed dividing China into 41645ba3153SMarcel Telka# five time zones (see below for details). This caught on 41745ba3153SMarcel Telka# at first only in coastal areas observing UT+8. 41845ba3153SMarcel Telka# * During WWII all of China was in theory was at UT+7. In practice 41945ba3153SMarcel Telka# this was ignored in the west, and I presume was ignored in 42045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Japanese-occupied territory. 42145ba3153SMarcel Telka# * Japanese-occupied Manchuria was at UT+9, i.e., Japan time. 42245ba3153SMarcel Telka# * The five-zone plan was resurrected after WWII and officially put into 42345ba3153SMarcel Telka# place (with some modifications) in March 1948. It's not clear 42445ba3153SMarcel Telka# how well it was observed in areas under Nationalist control. 42545ba3153SMarcel Telka# * The People's Liberation Army used UT+8 during the civil war. 42645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 42745ba3153SMarcel Telka# An AP article "Shanghai Internat'l Area Little Changed" in the 42845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Lewiston (ME) Daily Sun (1939-05-29), p 17, said "Even the time is 42945ba3153SMarcel Telka# different - the occupied districts going by Tokyo time, an hour 43045ba3153SMarcel Telka# ahead of that prevailing in the rest of Shanghai." Guess that the 43145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Xujiahui Observatory was under French control and stuck with UT +08. 43245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 43345ba3153SMarcel Telka# In earlier versions of this file, China had many separate Zone entries, but 43445ba3153SMarcel Telka# this was based on what were apparently incorrect data in Shanks & Pottenger. 43545ba3153SMarcel Telka# This has now been simplified to the two entries Asia/Shanghai and 43645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Asia/Urumqi, with the others being links for backward compatibility. 43745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Proposed in 1918 and theoretically in effect until 1949 (although in practice 43845ba3153SMarcel Telka# mainly observed in coastal areas), the five zones were: 43945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 44045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) UT +08:30 441489eee58SDan McDonald# Now part of Asia/Shanghai; its pre-1970 times are not recorded here. 44245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 44345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 44445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") UT +08 445489eee58SDan McDonald# Now part of Asia/Shanghai. 44645ba3153SMarcel Telka# most of China 44745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Milne gives 8:05:43.2 for Xujiahui Observatory time; round to nearest. 44845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Guo says Shanghai switched to UT +08 "from the end of the 19th century". 44945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 450489eee58SDan McDonald# Long-shu Time (probably as Long and Shu were two names of the area) UT +07 451489eee58SDan McDonald# Now part of Asia/Shanghai; its pre-1970 times are not recorded here. 45245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 453489eee58SDan McDonald# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; east Qinghai; and the Guangdong 45445ba3153SMarcel Telka# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 45545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 45645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 45745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") UT +06 458489eee58SDan McDonald# This region is now part of either Asia/Urumqi or Asia/Shanghai with 459489eee58SDan McDonald# current boundaries uncertain; times before 1970 for areas that 460489eee58SDan McDonald# disagree with Ürümqi or Shanghai are not recorded here. 46145ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 46245ba3153SMarcel Telka# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 46345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 46445ba3153SMarcel Telka# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 46545ba3153SMarcel Telka# east Xinjiang, including Ürümqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 46645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 46745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 46845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 46945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 47045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Kunlun Time UT +05:30 471489eee58SDan McDonald# This region is now in the same status as Xin-zang Time (see above). 47245ba3153SMarcel Telka# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 47345ba3153SMarcel Telka# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 47445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 47545ba3153SMarcel Telka# and Yarkand. 47645ba3153SMarcel Telka 47745ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Luther Ma (2009-10-17): 47845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Almost all (>99.9%) ethnic Chinese (properly ethnic Han) living in 47945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Xinjiang use Chinese Standard Time. Some are aware of Xinjiang time, 48045ba3153SMarcel Telka# but have no need of it. All planes, trains, and schools function on 48145ba3153SMarcel Telka# what is called "Beijing time." When Han make an appointment in Chinese 48245ba3153SMarcel Telka# they implicitly use Beijing time. 48345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 48445ba3153SMarcel Telka# On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the 48545ba3153SMarcel Telka# population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two 48645ba3153SMarcel Telka# hours behind Beijing time, or UT +06. The government of the Xinjiang 48745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as 48845ba3153SMarcel Telka# local governments such as the Ürümqi city government use both times in 48945ba3153SMarcel Telka# publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as 49045ba3153SMarcel Telka# "Ürümqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language 49145ba3153SMarcel Telka# they almost invariably use Xinjiang time. 49245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 49345ba3153SMarcel Telka# (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its 49445ba3153SMarcel Telka# widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in 49545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.) 49645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 49745ba3153SMarcel Telka# (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990 49845ba3153SMarcel Telka# or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with 49945ba3153SMarcel Telka# the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same 50045ba3153SMarcel Telka# time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and 50145ba3153SMarcel Telka# others moving their clocks ahead.) 50245ba3153SMarcel Telka 50345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Luther Ma (2009-11-19): 50445ba3153SMarcel Telka# With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common 50545ba3153SMarcel Telka# English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols): 50645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 50745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1. Wulumuqi... 50845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2. Kashi... 50945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 3. Urumqi... 51045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 4. Kashgar... 51145ba3153SMarcel Telka# ... 51245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Ürümqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the 51345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding 51445ba3153SMarcel Telka# countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child. 51545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 51645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any 51745ba3153SMarcel Telka# start date for Xinjiang time. 51845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 51945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally 52045ba3153SMarcel Telka# publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur 52145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also 52245ba3153SMarcel Telka# not be using Beijing time, but some local time.) 52345ba3153SMarcel Telka 52445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From David Cochrane (2014-03-26): 52545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Just a confirmation that Ürümqi time was implemented in Ürümqi on 1 Feb 1986: 526226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,960684,00.html 52745ba3153SMarcel Telka 52845ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Luther Ma (2014-04-22): 52945ba3153SMarcel Telka# I have interviewed numerous people of various nationalities and from 53045ba3153SMarcel Telka# different localities in Xinjiang and can confirm the information in Guo's 53145ba3153SMarcel Telka# report regarding Xinjiang, as well as the Time article reference by David 53245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Cochrane. Whether officially recognized or not (and both are officially 53345ba3153SMarcel Telka# recognized), two separate times have been in use in Xinjiang since at least 53445ba3153SMarcel Telka# the Cultural Revolution: Xinjiang Time (XJT), aka Ürümqi Time or local time; 53545ba3153SMarcel Telka# and Beijing Time. There is no confusion in Xinjiang as to which name refers 53645ba3153SMarcel Telka# to which time. Both are widely used in the province, although in some 53745ba3153SMarcel Telka# population groups might be use one to the exclusion of the other. The only 53845ba3153SMarcel Telka# problem is that computers and smart phones list Ürümqi (or Kashgar) as 53945ba3153SMarcel Telka# having the same time as Beijing. 54045ba3153SMarcel Telka 54145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): 54245ba3153SMarcel Telka# In the early days of the PRC, Tibet was given its own time zone (UT +06) 54345ba3153SMarcel Telka# but this was withdrawn in 1959 and never reinstated; see Tubten Khétsun, 54445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Memories of life in Lhasa under Chinese Rule, Columbia U Press, ISBN 54545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 978-0231142861 (2008), translator's introduction by Matthew Akester, p x. 54645ba3153SMarcel Telka# As this is before our 1970 cutoff, Tibet doesn't need a separate zone. 54745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 54845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Xinjiang Time is well-documented as being officially recognized. E.g., see 54945ba3153SMarcel Telka# "The Working-Calendar for The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Government" 55045ba3153SMarcel Telka# <http://www.sinkiang.gov.cn/service/ourworking/> (2014-04-22). 55145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Unfortunately, we have no good records of time in Xinjiang before 1986. 55245ba3153SMarcel Telka# During the 20th century parts of Xinjiang were ruled by the Qing dynasty, 55345ba3153SMarcel Telka# the Republic of China, various warlords, the First and Second East Turkestan 55445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Republics, the Soviet Union, the Kuomintang, and the People's Republic of 55545ba3153SMarcel Telka# China, and tracking down all these organizations' timekeeping rules would be 55645ba3153SMarcel Telka# quite a trick. Approximate this lost history by a transition from LMT to 55745ba3153SMarcel Telka# UT +06 at the start of 1928, the year of accession of the warlord Jin Shuren, 55845ba3153SMarcel Telka# which happens to be the date given by Shanks & Pottenger (no doubt as a 55945ba3153SMarcel Telka# guess) as the transition from LMT. Ignore the usage of +08 before 56045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1986-02-01 under the theory that the transition date to +08 is unknown and 56145ba3153SMarcel Telka# that the sort of users who prefer Asia/Urumqi now typically ignored the 56245ba3153SMarcel Telka# +08 mandate back then. 56345ba3153SMarcel Telka 564*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 56545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Beijing time, used throughout China; represented by Shanghai. 56645ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:43 - LMT 1901 5679b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 May 28 56845ba3153SMarcel Telka 8:00 PRC C%sT 56945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Xinjiang time, used by many in western China; represented by Ürümqi / Ürümchi 57045ba3153SMarcel Telka# / Wulumuqi. (Please use Asia/Shanghai if you prefer Beijing time.) 57145ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 572489eee58SDan McDonald 6:00 - +06 57345ba3153SMarcel Telka 57445ba3153SMarcel Telka 57545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Hong Kong (Xianggang) 57645ba3153SMarcel Telka 57745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this. 57845ba3153SMarcel Telka 57945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): 58045ba3153SMarcel Telka# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong 58145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, 58245ba3153SMarcel Telka# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, 58345ba3153SMarcel Telka# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing 58445ba3153SMarcel Telka# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I 58545ba3153SMarcel Telka# think 3:30 is correct. The official DST record for Hong Kong can be 58645ba3153SMarcel Telka# obtained from 58745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 58845ba3153SMarcel Telka 5899a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27): 5909a0f2271SDominik Hassler# According to Singaporean newspaper 5919a0f2271SDominik Hassler# http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/singfreepresswk19041102-1.2.37 5929a0f2271SDominik Hassler# the day that Hong Kong start using GMT+8 should be Oct 30, 1904. 5939a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 5949a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-17): 5959a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Hong Kong had a time ball near the Marine Police Station, Tsim Sha Tsui. 5969a0f2271SDominik Hassler# "The ball was raised manually each day and dropped at exactly 1pm 5979a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (except on Sundays and Government holidays)." 5989a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Dyson AD. From Time Ball to Atomic Clock. Hong Kong Government. 1983. 5999a0f2271SDominik Hassler# <https://www.hko.gov.hk/publica/gen_pub/timeball_atomic_clock.pdf> 6009a0f2271SDominik Hassler# "From 1904 October 30 the time-ball at Hong Kong has been dropped by order 6019a0f2271SDominik Hassler# of the Governor of the Colony at 17h 0m 0s G.M.T., which is 23m 18s.14 in 6029a0f2271SDominik Hassler# advance of 1h 0m 0s of Hong Kong mean time." 6039a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Hollis HP. Universal Time, Longitudes, and Geodesy. Mon Not R Astron Soc. 6049a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 1905-02-10;65(4):405-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/65.4.382 6059a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 6069a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Joseph Myers (2018-11-18): 6079a0f2271SDominik Hassler# An astronomer before 1925 referring to GMT would have been using the old 6089a0f2271SDominik Hassler# astronomical convention where the day started at noon, not midnight. 6099a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 6109a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Steve Allen (2018-11-17): 6119a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Meteorological Observations made at the Hongkong Observatory in the year 1904 6129a0f2271SDominik Hassler# page 4 <https://books.google.com/books?id=kgw5AQAAMAAJ&pg=RA4-PA4> 6139a0f2271SDominik Hassler# ... the log of drop times in Table II shows that on Sunday 1904-10-30 the 6149a0f2271SDominik Hassler# ball was dropped. So that looks like a special case drop for the sake 6159a0f2271SDominik Hassler# of broadcasting the new local time. 6169a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 6179a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Phake Nick (2018-11-18): 6189a0f2271SDominik Hassler# According to The Hong Kong Weekly Press, 1904-10-29, p.324, the 6199a0f2271SDominik Hassler# governor of Hong Kong at the time stated that "We are further desired to 6209a0f2271SDominik Hassler# make it known that the change will be effected by firing the gun and by the 6219a0f2271SDominik Hassler# dropping of the Ball at 23min. 18sec. before one." 6229a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18): 6239a0f2271SDominik Hassler# See <https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk> for this; unfortunately Flash is required. 6249a0f2271SDominik Hassler 6259a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Phake Nick (2018-10-26): 6269a0f2271SDominik Hassler# I went to check microfilm records stored at Hong Kong Public Library.... 6279a0f2271SDominik Hassler# on September 30 1941, according to Ta Kung Pao (Hong Kong edition), it was 6289a0f2271SDominik Hassler# stated that fallback would occur on the next day (the 1st)'s "03:00 am (Hong 6299a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Kong Time 04:00 am)" and the clock will fall back for a half hour. (03:00 6309a0f2271SDominik Hassler# probably refer to the time commonly used in mainland China at the time given 6319a0f2271SDominik Hassler# the paper's background) ... the sunrise/sunset time given by South China 6329a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Morning Post for October 1st was indeed moved by half an hour compares to 6339a0f2271SDominik Hassler# before. After that, in December, the battle to capture Hong Kong started and 6349a0f2271SDominik Hassler# the library doesn't seems to have any record stored about press during that 6359a0f2271SDominik Hassler# period of time. Some media resumed publication soon after that within the 6369a0f2271SDominik Hassler# same month, but there were not much information about time there. Later they 6379a0f2271SDominik Hassler# started including a radio program guide when they restored radio service, 6389a0f2271SDominik Hassler# explicitly mentioning it use Tokyo standard time, and later added a note 6399a0f2271SDominik Hassler# saying it's half an hour ahead of the old Hong Kong standard time, and it 6409a0f2271SDominik Hassler# also seems to indicate that Hong Kong was not using GMT+8 when it was 6419a0f2271SDominik Hassler# captured by Japan. 6429a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 6439a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Image of related sections on newspaper: 6449a0f2271SDominik Hassler# * 1941-09-30, Ta Kung Pao (Hong Kong), "Winter Time start tomorrow". 6459a0f2271SDominik Hassler# https://i.imgur.com/6waY51Z.jpg (Chinese) 6469a0f2271SDominik Hassler# * 1941-09-29, South China Morning Post, Information on sunrise/sunset 6479a0f2271SDominik Hassler# time and other things for September 30 and October 1. 6489a0f2271SDominik Hassler# https://i.imgur.com/kCiUR78.jpg 6499a0f2271SDominik Hassler# * 1942-02-05. The Hong Kong News, Radio Program Guide. 6509a0f2271SDominik Hassler# https://i.imgur.com/eVvDMzS.jpg 6519a0f2271SDominik Hassler# * 1941-06-14. Hong Kong Daily Press, Daylight Saving from 3am Tomorrow. 6529a0f2271SDominik Hassler# https://i.imgur.com/05KkvtC.png 6539a0f2271SDominik Hassler# * 1941-09-30, Hong Kong Daily Press, Winter Time Warning. 6549a0f2271SDominik Hassler# https://i.imgur.com/dge4kFJ.png 6559a0f2271SDominik Hassler 656*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-11): 657*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# "Hong Kong winter time" is considered to be daylight saving. 658*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# "Hong Kong had adopted daylight saving on June 15 as a wartime measure, 659*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# clocks moving forward one hour until October 1, when they would be put back 660*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# by just half an hour for 'Hong Kong Winter time', so that daylight saving 661*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# operated year round." -- Low Z. The longest day: when wartime Hong Kong 662*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# introduced daylight saving. South China Morning Post. 2019-06-28. 663*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/short-reads/article/3016281/longest-day-when-wartime-hong-kong-introduced 664*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman 665*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# From P Chan (2018-12-31): 666*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# * According to the Hong Kong Daylight-Saving Regulations, 1941, the 667*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# 1941 spring-forward transition was at 03:00. 668*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkgro/view/g1941/304271.pdf 669*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkgro/view/g1941/305516.pdf 670*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# * According to some articles from South China Morning Post, +08 was 671*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# resumed on 1945-11-18 at 02:00. 672*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/M2IsZ3c.png 673*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/iOPqrVo.png 674*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/fffcGDs.png 675*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# * Some newspapers ... said the 1946 spring-forward transition was on 676*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# 04-21 at 00:00. The Kung Sheung Evening News 1946-04-20 (Chinese) 677*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/ZSzent0.png 678*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk///c/portal/cover?c=QF757YsWv5%2FH7zGe%2FKF%2BFLYsuqGhRBfe p.4 679*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# The Kung Sheung Daily News 1946-04-21 (Chinese) 680*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/7ecmRlcm.png 681*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk///c/portal/cover?c=QF757YsWv5%2BQBGt1%2BwUj5qG2GqtwR3Wh p.4 682*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# * According to the Summer Time Ordinance (1946), the fallback 683*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# transitions between 1946 and 1952 were at 03:30 Standard Time (+08) 684*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# http://oelawhk.lib.hku.hk/archive/files/bb74b06a74d5294620a15de560ab33c6.pdf 685*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# * Some other laws and regulations related to DST from 1953 to 1979 686*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Summer Time Ordinance 1953 687*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/IOlJMav.jpg 688*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Summer Time (Amendment) Ordinance 1965 689*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/8rofeLa.jpg 690*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance (1966) 691*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/joy3msj.jpg 692*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Emergency (Summer Time) Regulation 1973 <https://i.imgur.com/OpRWrKz.jpg> 693*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Interpretation and General Clauses (Amendment) Ordinance 1977 694*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/RaNqnc4.jpg 695*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Resolution of the Legislative Council passed on 9 May 1979 696*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr78-79/english/lc_sitg/hansard/h790509.pdf#page=39 697*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman 698*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2019-05-31): 69945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Here are the dates given at 7009a0f2271SDominik Hassler# https://www.hko.gov.hk/gts/time/Summertime.htm 7019a0f2271SDominik Hassler# as of 2014-06-19: 70245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Year Period 7039a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 1941 15 Jun to 30 Sep 70445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1942 Whole year 70545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1943 Whole year 70645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1944 Whole year 70745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1945 Whole year 70845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1946 20 Apr to 1 Dec 709*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# 1947 13 Apr to 30 Nov 71045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1948 2 May to 31 Oct 71145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1949 3 Apr to 30 Oct 71245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1950 2 Apr to 29 Oct 71345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1951 1 Apr to 28 Oct 7149a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 1952 6 Apr to 2 Nov 71545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1953 5 Apr to 1 Nov 71645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1954 21 Mar to 31 Oct 71745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1955 20 Mar to 6 Nov 71845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1956 18 Mar to 4 Nov 71945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1957 24 Mar to 3 Nov 72045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1958 23 Mar to 2 Nov 72145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1959 22 Mar to 1 Nov 72245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1960 20 Mar to 6 Nov 72345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1961 19 Mar to 5 Nov 72445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1962 18 Mar to 4 Nov 72545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1963 24 Mar to 3 Nov 72645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1964 22 Mar to 1 Nov 72745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1965 18 Apr to 17 Oct 72845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1966 17 Apr to 16 Oct 72945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1967 16 Apr to 22 Oct 73045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct 73145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct 73245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct 73345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct 73445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct 73545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct 73645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74 73745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct 73845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct 73945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1977 Nil 74045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1978 Nil 74145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1979 13 May to 21 Oct 74245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1980 to Now Nil 7439a0f2271SDominik Hassler# The page does not give times of day for transitions, 7449a0f2271SDominik Hassler# or dates for the 1942 and 1945 transitions. 7459a0f2271SDominik Hassler# The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began 1941-12-25. 74645ba3153SMarcel Telka 74745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 748*337881e8SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1946 only - Apr 21 0:00 1:00 S 749*337881e8SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30s 0 - 750*337881e8SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30s 1:00 S 751*337881e8SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1947 only - Nov 30 3:30s 0 - 752*337881e8SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30s 1:00 S 753*337881e8SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1948 1952 - Oct Sun>=28 3:30s 0 - 75445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 755*337881e8SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1953 1964 - Oct Sun>=31 3:30 0 - 75645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 75745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 75845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 75945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S 760*337881e8SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1979 only - May 13 3:30 1:00 S 761*337881e8SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1979 only - Oct 21 3:30 0 - 762*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 7639a0f2271SDominik HasslerZone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 0:36:42 764*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman 8:00 - HKT 1941 Jun 15 3:00 7659a0f2271SDominik Hassler 8:00 1:00 HKST 1941 Oct 1 4:00 766*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman 8:00 0:30 HKWT 1941 Dec 25 767*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman 9:00 - JST 1945 Nov 18 2:00 76845ba3153SMarcel Telka 8:00 HK HK%sT 76945ba3153SMarcel Telka 77045ba3153SMarcel Telka############################################################################### 77145ba3153SMarcel Telka 77245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Taiwan 77345ba3153SMarcel Telka 77445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From smallufo (2010-04-03): 77545ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to Taiwan's CWB [Central Weather Bureau], 77645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm 77745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30. 77845ba3153SMarcel Telka 77945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12): 78045ba3153SMarcel Telka# On Dec 28, 1895, the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of 78145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Meiji Year 28 "The clause about standard time", mentioned that 78245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Taiwan and Penghu Islands, as well as Yaeyama and Miyako Islands 78345ba3153SMarcel Telka# (both in Okinawa) adopt the Western Standard Time which is based on 78445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 120E. The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. The original text can be 78545ba3153SMarcel Telka# found on Wikisource: 786226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時) 78745ba3153SMarcel Telka# ... This could be the first adoption of time zone in Taiwan, because 78845ba3153SMarcel Telka# during the Qing Dynasty, it seems that there was no time zone 78945ba3153SMarcel Telka# declared officially. 79045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 79145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Later, in the beginning of World War II, on Sep 25, 1937, the Showa 79245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 "The clause of 79345ba3153SMarcel Telka# revision in the ordinance No. 167 of Meiji year 28 about standard 79445ba3153SMarcel Telka# time", in which abolished the adoption of Western Standard Time in 79545ba3153SMarcel Telka# western islands (listed above), which means the whole Japan 79645ba3153SMarcel Telka# territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan Central Time 79780ca1ec9SYuri Pankov# (UT+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. The original text can 79845ba3153SMarcel Telka# be found on Wikisource: 799226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件 80045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 80180ca1ec9SYuri Pankov# That is, the time zone of Taipei switched to UT+9 on Oct 1, 1937. 80245ba3153SMarcel Telka 80345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02): 80480ca1ec9SYuri Pankov# I've found more evidence about when the time zone was switched from UT+9 80580ca1ec9SYuri Pankov# back to UT+8 after WW2. I believe it was on Sep 21, 1945. In a document 80645ba3153SMarcel Telka# during Japanese era [1] in which the officer told the staff to change time 80780ca1ec9SYuri Pankov# zone back to Western Standard Time (UT+8) on Sep 21. And in another 80845ba3153SMarcel Telka# history page of National Cheng Kung University [2], on Sep 21 there is a 80945ba3153SMarcel Telka# note "from today, switch back to Western Standard Time". From these two 81045ba3153SMarcel Telka# materials, I believe that the time zone change happened on Sep 21. And 81145ba3153SMarcel Telka# today I have found another monthly journal called "The Astronomical Herald" 81245ba3153SMarcel Telka# from The Astronomical Society of Japan [3] in which it mentioned the fact 81345ba3153SMarcel Telka# that: 81445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 81545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1. Standard Time of the Country (Japan) was adopted on Jan 1, 1888, using 81645ba3153SMarcel Telka# the time at 135E (GMT+9) 81745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 81845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2. Standard Time of the Country was renamed to Central Standard Time, on Jan 81945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1, 1898, and on the same day, the new territories Taiwan and Penghu islands, 82045ba3153SMarcel Telka# as well as Yaeyama and Miyako islands, adopted a new time zone called 82145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Western Standard Time, which is in GMT+8. 82245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 82345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 3. Western Standard Time was deprecated on Sep 30, 1937. From then all the 82445ba3153SMarcel Telka# territories of Japan adopted the same time zone, which is Central Standard 82545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Time. 82645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 82745ba3153SMarcel Telka# [1] Academica Historica, Taiwan: 82845ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://163.29.208.22:8080/govsaleShowImage/connect_img.php?s=00101738900090036&e=00101738900090037 82945ba3153SMarcel Telka# [2] Nat'l Cheng Kung University 70th Anniversary Special Site: 83045ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.ncku.edu.tw/~ncku70/menu/001/01_01.htm 83145ba3153SMarcel Telka# [3] Yukio Niimi, The Standard Time in Japan (1997), p.475: 83245ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.asj.or.jp/geppou/archive_open/1997/pdf/19971001c.pdf 83345ba3153SMarcel Telka 83445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-03): 83545ba3153SMarcel Telka# I finally have found the real official gazette about changing back to 83645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Western Standard Time on Sep 21 in Taiwan. It's Taiwan Governor-General 83745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Bulletin No. 386 in Showa 20 years (1945), published on Sep 19, 1945. [1] ... 83845ba3153SMarcel Telka# [It] abolishes Bulletin No. 207 in Showa 12 years (1937), which is a local 83945ba3153SMarcel Telka# bulletin in Taiwan for that Ordinance No. 529. It also mentioned that 1am on 84045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Sep 21, 1945 will be 12am on Sep 21. I think this bulletin is much more 84145ba3153SMarcel Telka# official than the one I mentioned in my first mail, because it's from the 84245ba3153SMarcel Telka# top-level government in Taiwan. If you're going to quote any resource, this 84345ba3153SMarcel Telka# would be a good one. 84445ba3153SMarcel Telka# [1] Taiwan Governor-General Gazette, No. 1018, Sep 19, 1945: 84545ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://db2.th.gov.tw/db2/view/viewImg.php?imgcode=0072031018a&num=19&bgn=019&end=019&otherImg=&type=gener 84645ba3153SMarcel Telka 84745ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02): 84845ba3153SMarcel Telka# In 1946, DST in Taiwan was from May 15 and ended on Sep 30. The info from 84945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Central Weather Bureau website was not correct. 85045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 85145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Original Bulletin: 85245ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=03502F0AKM1AF 85345ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0350300AKM1B0 (cont.) 85445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 85545ba3153SMarcel Telka# In 1947, DST in Taiwan was expanded to Oct 31. There is a backup of that 85645ba3153SMarcel Telka# telegram announcement from Taiwan Province Government: 85745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 85845ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0360310AKZ431 85945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 86045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Here is a brief translation: 86145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 86245ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Summer Time this year is adopted from midnight Apr 15 until Sep 20 86345ba3153SMarcel Telka# midnight. To save (energy?) consumption, we're expanding Summer Time 86445ba3153SMarcel Telka# adoption till Oct 31 midnight. 86545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 86645ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Central Weather Bureau website didn't mention that, however it can 86745ba3153SMarcel Telka# be found from historical government announcement database. 86845ba3153SMarcel Telka 86945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-03): 87045ba3153SMarcel Telka# As per Yu-Cheng Chuang, say that Taiwan was at UT +09 from 1937-10-01 87145ba3153SMarcel Telka# until 1945-09-21 at 01:00, overriding Shanks & Pottenger. 87245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Likewise, use Yu-Cheng Chuang's data for DST in Taiwan. 87345ba3153SMarcel Telka 87445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 87545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1946 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 87645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 87745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1947 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 87845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1947 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 87945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1948 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 88045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1948 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 88145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 88245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 88345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 88445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 88545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 88645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 88745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 88845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1979 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 D 88945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Taiwan 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 89045ba3153SMarcel Telka 891*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 89245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Taipei or Taibei or T'ai-pei 89345ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 Jan 1 894489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 - CST 1937 Oct 1 89545ba3153SMarcel Telka 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 21 1:00 89645ba3153SMarcel Telka 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 89745ba3153SMarcel Telka 89845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 8999b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 9009b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# From P Chan (2018-05-10): 9019b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# * LegisMac 9029b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# http://legismac.safp.gov.mo/legismac/descqry/Descqry.jsf?lang=pt 9039b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# A database for searching titles of legal documents of Macau in 9049b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Chinese and Portuguese. The term "HORÁRIO DE VERÃO" can be used for 9059b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# searching decrees about summer time. 9069b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# * Archives of Macao 9079b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# http://www.archives.gov.mo/en/bo/ 9089b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# It contains images of old official gazettes. 9099b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# * The Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau have a page listing the 9109b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# summer time history. But it is not complete and has some mistakes. 9119b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# http://www.smg.gov.mo/smg/geophysics/e_t_Summer%20Time.htm 9129b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Macau adopted GMT+8 on 30 Oct 1904 to follow Hong Kong. Clocks were 9139b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# advanced by 25 minutes and 50 seconds. Which means the LMT used was 9149b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# +7:34:10. As stated in the "Portaria No. 204" dated 21 October 1904 9159b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# and published in the Official Gazette on 29 October 1904. 9169b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# http://igallery.icm.gov.mo/Images/Archives/BO/MO_AH_PUB_BO_1904_10/MO_AH_PUB_BO_1904_10_00025_Grey.JPG 9179b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 9189b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Therefore the 1911 decree of Portugal did not change time in Macau. 9199b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 9209b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# From LegisMac, here is a list of decrees that changed the time ... 9219b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# [Decree Gazette-no. date; titles omitted in this quotation] 9229b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# DIL 732 BOCM 51 1941.12.20 9239b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# DIL 764 BOCM 9S 1942.04.30 9249b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# DIL 781 BOCM 21 1942.10.10 9259b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 3434 BOCM 8S 1943.04.17 9269b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 3504 BOCM 20 1943.09.25 9279b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 3843 BOCM 39 1945.09.29 9289b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 3961 BOCM 17 1946.04.27 9299b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 4026 BOCM 39 1946.09.28 9309b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 4153 BOCM 16 1947.04.10 9319b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 4271 BOCM 48 1947.11.29 9329b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 4374 BOCM 18 1948.05.01 9339b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 4465 BOCM 44 1948.10.30 9349b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 4590 BOCM 14 1949.04.02 9359b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 4666 BOCM 44 1949.10.29 9369b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 4771 BOCM 12 1950.03.25 9379b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 4838 BOCM 43 1950.10.28 9389b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 4946 BOCM 12 1951.03.24 9399b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 5025 BO 43 1951.10.27 9409b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 5149 BO 14 1952.04.05 9419b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 5251 BO 43 1952.10.25 9429b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 5366 BO 13 1953.03.28 9439b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 5444 BO 44 1953.10.31 9449b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 5540 BO 12 1954.03.20 9459b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 5589 BO 44 1954.10.30 9469b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 5676 BO 12 1955.03.19 9479b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 5739 BO 45 1955.11.05 9489b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 5823 BO 11 1956.03.17 9499b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 5891 BO 44 1956.11.03 9509b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 5981 BO 12 1957.03.23 9519b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 6064 BO 43 1957.10.26 9529b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 6172 BO 12 1958.03.22 9539b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 6243 BO 43 1958.10.25 9549b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 6341 BO 12 1959.03.21 9559b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 6411 BO 43 1959.10.24 9569b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 6514 BO 11 1960.03.12 9579b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 6584 BO 44 1960.10.29 9589b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 6721 BO 10 1961.03.11 9599b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 6815 BO 43 1961.10.28 9609b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 6947 BO 10 1962.03.10 9619b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 7080 BO 43 1962.10.27 9629b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 7218 BO 12 1963.03.23 9639b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 7340 BO 43 1963.10.26 9649b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 7491 BO 11 1964.03.14 9659b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 7664 BO 43 1964.10.24 9669b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 7846 BO 15 1965.04.10 9679b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 7979 BO 42 1965.10.16 9689b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 8146 BO 15 1966.04.09 9699b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 8252 BO 41 1966.10.08 9709b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 8429 BO 15 1967.04.15 9719b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 8540 BO 41 1967.10.14 9729b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 8735 BO 15 1968.04.13 9739b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 8860 BO 41 1968.10.12 9749b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 9035 BO 16 1969.04.19 9759b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 9156 BO 42 1969.10.18 9769b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 9328 BO 15 1970.04.11 9779b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 9418 BO 41 1970.10.10 9789b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 9587 BO 14 1971.04.03 9799b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 9702 BO 41 1971.10.09 9809b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 38-A/72 BO 14 1972.04.01 9819b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 126-A/72 BO 41 1972.10.07 9829b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 61/73 BO 14 1973.04.07 9839b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 182/73 BO 40 1973.10.06 9849b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 282/73 BO 51 1973.12.22 9859b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 177/74 BO 41 1974.10.12 9869b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 51/75 BO 15 1975.04.12 9879b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 173/75 BO 41 1975.10.11 9889b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 67/76/M BO 14 1976.04.03 9899b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 169/76/M BO 41 1976.10.09 9909b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 78/79/M BO 19 1979.05.12 9919b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# PT 166/79/M BO 42 1979.10.20 9929b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Note that DIL 732 does not belong to "HORÁRIO DE VERÃO" according to 9939b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# LegisMac.... Note that between 1942 and 1945, the time switched 9949b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# between GMT+9 and GMT+10. Also in 1965 and 1965 the DST ended at 2:30am. 9959b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 9969b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2018-05-10): 9979b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# The 1904 decree says that Macau changed from the meridian of 9989b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Fortaleza do Monte, presumably the basis for the 7:34:10 for LMT. 9999b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 100045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 10019b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1942 1943 - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 - 10029b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1942 only - Nov 17 23:00 0 - 10039b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1943 only - Sep 30 23:00 0 S 10049b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1946 only - Apr 30 23:00s 1:00 D 10059b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1946 only - Sep 30 23:00s 0 S 10069b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1947 only - Apr 19 23:00s 1:00 D 10079b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1947 only - Nov 30 23:00s 0 S 10089b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1948 only - May 2 23:00s 1:00 D 10099b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1948 only - Oct 31 23:00s 0 S 10109b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1949 1950 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 D 10119b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1949 1950 - Oct lastSat 23:00s 0 S 10129b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1951 only - Mar 31 23:00s 1:00 D 10139b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1951 only - Oct 28 23:00s 0 S 10149b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1952 1953 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 D 10159b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1952 only - Nov 1 23:00s 0 S 10169b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1953 1954 - Oct lastSat 23:00s 0 S 10179b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1954 1956 - Mar Sat>=17 23:00s 1:00 D 10189b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1955 only - Nov 5 23:00s 0 S 10199b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1956 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 03:30 0 S 10209b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1957 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 03:30 1:00 D 10219b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1965 1973 - Apr Sun>=16 03:30 1:00 D 10229b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1965 1966 - Oct Sun>=16 02:30 0 S 10239b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1967 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 03:30 0 S 10249b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1973 only - Dec 30 03:30 1:00 D 10259b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1975 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 03:30 1:00 D 10269b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1979 only - May 13 03:30 1:00 D 10279b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 03:30 0 S 10289b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 1029*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 10309b6c1413SAndy FiddamanZone Asia/Macau 7:34:10 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 10319b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 8:00 - CST 1941 Dec 21 23:00 10329b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 9:00 Macau +09/+10 1945 Sep 30 24:00 1033489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 Macau C%sT 103445ba3153SMarcel Telka 103545ba3153SMarcel Telka 103645ba3153SMarcel Telka############################################################################### 103745ba3153SMarcel Telka 103845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Cyprus 1039489eee58SDan McDonald 104045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00. Stick with LMT. 1041489eee58SDan McDonald# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 1042489eee58SDan McDonald 1043489eee58SDan McDonald# From Paul Eggert (2016-09-09): 1044489eee58SDan McDonald# Yesterday's Cyprus Mail reports that Northern Cyprus followed Turkey's 1045489eee58SDan McDonald# lead and switched from +02/+03 to +03 year-round. 1046489eee58SDan McDonald# http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/09/08/two-time-zones-cyprus-turkey-will-not-turn-clocks-back-next-month/ 104745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1048489eee58SDan McDonald# From Even Scharning (2016-10-31): 1049489eee58SDan McDonald# Looks like the time zone split in Cyprus went through last night. 1050489eee58SDan McDonald# http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/10/30/cyprus-new-division-two-time-zones-now-reality/ 1051489eee58SDan McDonald 1052226a4d14SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18): 1053226a4d14SYuri Pankov# Northern Cyprus will reinstate winter time on October 29, thus 1054226a4d14SYuri Pankov# staying in sync with the rest of Cyprus. See: Anastasiou A. 1055226a4d14SYuri Pankov# Cyprus to remain united in time. Cyprus Mail 2017-10-17. 1056226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://cyprus-mail.com/2017/10/17/cyprus-remain-united-time/ 1057226a4d14SYuri Pankov 105845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 105945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 106045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 106145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 106245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 106345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 106445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 106545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 106645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 106745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1068*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 106945ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 107045ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 107145ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 1072489eee58SDan McDonaldZone Asia/Famagusta 2:15:48 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 1073489eee58SDan McDonald 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 1074489eee58SDan McDonald 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 2016 Sep 8 1075226a4d14SYuri Pankov 3:00 - +03 2017 Oct 29 1:00u 1076226a4d14SYuri Pankov 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 107745ba3153SMarcel Telka 107845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 107945ba3153SMarcel Telka# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 108045ba3153SMarcel TelkaLink Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 108145ba3153SMarcel Telka 108245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Georgia 108345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 108445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 108545ba3153SMarcel Telka# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 108645ba3153SMarcel Telka# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 108745ba3153SMarcel Telka# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 108845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 108945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 109045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 109145ba3153SMarcel Telka# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 109245ba3153SMarcel Telka# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 109345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 109445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 109545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 109645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 109745ba3153SMarcel Telka# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 109845ba3153SMarcel Telka# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 109945ba3153SMarcel Telka# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 110045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Mikheil Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 110145ba3153SMarcel Telka# of integration into Europe. 110245ba3153SMarcel Telka 110345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 110445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 110545ba3153SMarcel Telka# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 110645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 110745ba3153SMarcel Telka# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 110845ba3153SMarcel Telka# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 110945ba3153SMarcel Telka# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 111045ba3153SMarcel Telka# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 111145ba3153SMarcel Telka# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 111245ba3153SMarcel Telka 111345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Milne 1899 says Tbilisi (Tiflis) time was 2:59:05.7. 111445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Byalokoz 1919 says Georgia was 2:59:11. 111545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Go with Byalokoz. 111645ba3153SMarcel Telka 1117*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 111845ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:11 - LMT 1880 111945ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:59:11 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 112045ba3153SMarcel Telka 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar 112145ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 112245ba3153SMarcel Telka 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1992 112345ba3153SMarcel Telka 3:00 E-EurAsia +03/+04 1994 Sep lastSun 112445ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 E-EurAsia +04/+05 1996 Oct lastSun 112545ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 1:00 +05 1997 Mar lastSun 112645ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 E-EurAsia +04/+05 2004 Jun 27 112745ba3153SMarcel Telka 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 112845ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 - +04 112945ba3153SMarcel Telka 113045ba3153SMarcel Telka# East Timor 113145ba3153SMarcel Telka 113245ba3153SMarcel Telka# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 113345ba3153SMarcel Telka 113445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From João Carrascalão, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 113545ba3153SMarcel Telka# East Timor may be late for its millennium 1136226a4d14SYuri Pankov# <https://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm> (1999-12-26/31): 113745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 113845ba3153SMarcel Telka# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 113945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 114045ba3153SMarcel Telka# conflicts with their way of life. 114145ba3153SMarcel Telka 114245ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 114345ba3153SMarcel Telka# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 114445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 114545ba3153SMarcel Telka 114645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 114745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/2000/00-08-16.undh.html 114845ba3153SMarcel Telka# (2000-08-16): 114945ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 115045ba3153SMarcel Telka# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 115145ba3153SMarcel Telka# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 115245ba3153SMarcel Telka# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 115345ba3153SMarcel Telka 1154*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 115545ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 1156489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1942 Feb 21 23:00 1157489eee58SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1976 May 3 1158489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 2000 Sep 17 0:00 1159489eee58SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 116045ba3153SMarcel Telka 116145ba3153SMarcel Telka# India 116245ba3153SMarcel Telka 11639a0f2271SDominik Hassler# British astronomer Henry Park Hollis disliked India Standard Time's offset: 11649a0f2271SDominik Hassler# "A new time system has been proposed for India, Further India, and Burmah. 11659a0f2271SDominik Hassler# The scheme suggested is that the times of the meridians 5½ and 6½ hours 11669a0f2271SDominik Hassler# east of Greenwich should be adopted in these territories. No reason is 11679a0f2271SDominik Hassler# given why hourly meridians five hours and six hours east should not be 11689a0f2271SDominik Hassler# chosen; a plan which would bring the time of India into harmony with 11699a0f2271SDominik Hassler# that of almost the whole of the civilised world." 11709a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Hollis HP. Universal Time, Longitudes, and Geodesy. Mon Not R Astron Soc. 11719a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 1905-02-10;65(4):405-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/65.4.382 11729a0f2271SDominik Hassler 117345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Ian P. Beacock, in "A brief history of (modern) time", The Atlantic 1174226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/the-creation-of-modern-time/421419/ 117545ba3153SMarcel Telka# (2015-12-22): 117645ba3153SMarcel Telka# In January 1906, several thousand cotton-mill workers rioted on the 117745ba3153SMarcel Telka# outskirts of Bombay.... They were protesting the proposed abolition of 117845ba3153SMarcel Telka# local time in favor of Indian Standard Time.... Journalists called this 117945ba3153SMarcel Telka# dispute the "Battle of the Clocks." It lasted nearly half a century. 118045ba3153SMarcel Telka 1181226a4d14SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-20): 1182226a4d14SYuri Pankov# Good luck trying to nail down old timekeeping records in India. 1183226a4d14SYuri Pankov# "... in the nineteenth century ... Madras Observatory took its magnetic 1184226a4d14SYuri Pankov# measurements on Göttingen time, its meteorological measurements on Madras 1185226a4d14SYuri Pankov# (local) time, dropped its time ball on Greenwich (ocean navigator's) time, 1186226a4d14SYuri Pankov# and distributed civil (local time)." -- Bartky IR. Selling the true time: 1187226a4d14SYuri Pankov# 19th-century timekeeping in america. Stanford U Press (2000), 247 note 19. 1188226a4d14SYuri Pankov# "A more potent cause of resistance to the general adoption of the present 1189226a4d14SYuri Pankov# standard time lies in the fact that it is Madras time. The citizen of 1190226a4d14SYuri Pankov# Bombay, proud of being 'primus in Indis' and of Calcutta, equally proud of 1191226a4d14SYuri Pankov# his city being the Capital of India, and - for a part of the year - the Seat 1192226a4d14SYuri Pankov# of the Supreme Government, alike look down on Madras, and refuse to change 1193226a4d14SYuri Pankov# the time they are using, for that of what they regard as a benighted 1194226a4d14SYuri Pankov# Presidency; while Madras, having for long given the standard time to the 1195226a4d14SYuri Pankov# rest of India, would resist the adoption of any other Indian standard in its 1196226a4d14SYuri Pankov# place." -- Oldham RD. On Time in India: a suggestion for its improvement. 1197226a4d14SYuri Pankov# Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (April 1899), 49-55. 1198226a4d14SYuri Pankov# 1199226a4d14SYuri Pankov# "In 1870 ... Madras time - 'now used by the telegraph and regulated from the 1200226a4d14SYuri Pankov# only government observatory' - was suggested as a standard railway time, 1201226a4d14SYuri Pankov# first to be adopted on the Great Indian Peninsular Railway (GIPR).... 1202226a4d14SYuri Pankov# Calcutta, Bombay, and Karachi, were to be allowed to continue with their 1203226a4d14SYuri Pankov# local time for civil purposes." - Prasad R. Tracks of Change: Railways and 1204226a4d14SYuri Pankov# Everyday Life in Colonial India. Cambridge University Press (2016), 145. 1205226a4d14SYuri Pankov# 1206226a4d14SYuri Pankov# Reed S, Low F. The Indian Year Book 1936-37. Bennett, Coleman, pp 27-8. 1207226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.282212 1208226a4d14SYuri Pankov# This lists +052110 as Madras local time used in railways, and says that on 1209226a4d14SYuri Pankov# 1906-01-01 railways and telegraphs in India switched to +0530. Some 1210226a4d14SYuri Pankov# municipalities retained their former time, and the time in Calcutta 1211226a4d14SYuri Pankov# continued to depend on whether you were at the railway station or at 1212226a4d14SYuri Pankov# government offices. Government time was at +055320 (according to Shanks) or 1213226a4d14SYuri Pankov# at +0554 (according to the Indian Year Book). Railway time is more 1214226a4d14SYuri Pankov# appropriate for our purposes, as it was better documented, it is what we do 1215226a4d14SYuri Pankov# elsewhere (e.g., Europe/London before 1880), and after 1906 it was 1216226a4d14SYuri Pankov# consistent in the region now identified by Asia/Kolkata. So, use railway 1217226a4d14SYuri Pankov# time for 1870-1941. Shanks is our only (and dubious) source for the 1218226a4d14SYuri Pankov# 1941-1945 data. 1219226a4d14SYuri Pankov 1220*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1221226a4d14SYuri PankovZone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1854 Jun 28 # Kolkata 1222226a4d14SYuri Pankov 5:53:20 - HMT 1870 # Howrah Mean Time? 1223226a4d14SYuri Pankov 5:21:10 - MMT 1906 Jan 1 # Madras local time 1224226a4d14SYuri Pankov 5:30 - IST 1941 Oct 1225226a4d14SYuri Pankov 5:30 1:00 +0630 1942 May 15 122645ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1227489eee58SDan McDonald 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 15 122845ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:30 - IST 1229226a4d14SYuri Pankov# Since 1970 the following are like Asia/Kolkata: 123045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Andaman Is 123145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 123245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Nicobar Is 123345ba3153SMarcel Telka 123445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Indonesia 123545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 123645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06): 123745ba3153SMarcel Telka# The 1876 Report of the Secretary of the [US] Navy, p 306 says that Batavia 123845ba3153SMarcel Telka# civil time was 7:07:12.5; round to even for Jakarta. 123945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 124045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 124145ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime 124245ba3153SMarcel Telka# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 124345ba3153SMarcel Telka# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 124445ba3153SMarcel Telka# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 124545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 124645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 124745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 124845ba3153SMarcel Telka# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 124945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 125045ba3153SMarcel Telka# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 125145ba3153SMarcel Telka# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 125245ba3153SMarcel Telka# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 125345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Régimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Éditions 125445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 125545ba3153SMarcel Telka# from UT +09 to +07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 125645ba3153SMarcel Telka# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 125745ba3153SMarcel Telka# switched on 1945-09-23. 125845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 125945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11): 126045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Normally the tz database uses English-language abbreviations, but in 126145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Indonesia it's typical to use Indonesian-language abbreviations even 126245ba3153SMarcel Telka# when writing in English. For example, see the English-language 126345ba3153SMarcel Telka# summary published by the Time and Frequency Laboratory of the 126445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Research Center for Calibration, Instrumentation and Metrology, 126545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29). 126645ba3153SMarcel Telka# The time zone abbreviations and UT offsets are: 126745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 126845ba3153SMarcel Telka# WIB - +07 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time) 126945ba3153SMarcel Telka# WITA - +08 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time) 127045ba3153SMarcel Telka# WIT - +09 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time) 127145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1272*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 127345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Java, Sumatra 127445ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 127545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 127645ba3153SMarcel Telka# but this must be a typo. 127745ba3153SMarcel Telka 7:07:12 - BMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Batavia 1278489eee58SDan McDonald 7:20 - +0720 1932 Nov 1279489eee58SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1942 Mar 23 1280489eee58SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23 1281489eee58SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1948 May 1282489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1950 May 1283489eee58SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1964 128445ba3153SMarcel Telka 7:00 - WIB 128545ba3153SMarcel Telka# west and central Borneo 128645ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 128745ba3153SMarcel Telka 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 1288489eee58SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1942 Jan 29 1289489eee58SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23 1290489eee58SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1948 May 1291489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1950 May 1292489eee58SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1964 129345ba3153SMarcel Telka 8:00 - WITA 1988 Jan 1 129445ba3153SMarcel Telka 7:00 - WIB 129545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, east and south Borneo 129645ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 129745ba3153SMarcel Telka 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 1298489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1942 Feb 9 1299489eee58SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23 130045ba3153SMarcel Telka 8:00 - WITA 130145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua 130245ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 1303489eee58SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1944 Sep 1 1304489eee58SDan McDonald 9:30 - +0930 1964 130545ba3153SMarcel Telka 9:00 - WIT 130645ba3153SMarcel Telka 130745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Iran 130845ba3153SMarcel Telka 130945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 131045ba3153SMarcel Telka# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 131145ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 131245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 131345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 131445ba3153SMarcel Telka# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 131545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 131645ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 131745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 131845ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 131945ba3153SMarcel Telka# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 132045ba3153SMarcel Telka# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 132145ba3153SMarcel Telka# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 132245ba3153SMarcel Telka# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 132345ba3153SMarcel Telka# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 132445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 132545ba3153SMarcel Telka# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 132645ba3153SMarcel Telka# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 132745ba3153SMarcel Telka# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 132845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Shahrivar. 132945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 133045ba3153SMarcel Telka# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 133145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 133245ba3153SMarcel Telka# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 133345ba3153SMarcel Telka# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 133445ba3153SMarcel Telka# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 133545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 133645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 133745ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 133845ba3153SMarcel Telka# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 133945ba3153SMarcel Telka# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 134045ba3153SMarcel Telka# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 134145ba3153SMarcel Telka# plan to change that law.... 134245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 13439a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-30): 134445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 13459a0f2271SDominik Hassler# I used the following code in GNU Emacs 26.1 to generate the "Rule Iran" 13469a0f2271SDominik Hassler# lines from 2008 through 2087. Emacs 26.1 uses Ed Reingold's 13479a0f2271SDominik Hassler# cal-persia implementation of Birashk's approximation, which in the 1348*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# 2008-2087 range disagrees with the astronomical Persian calendar 1349*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# for Persian years 1404 (Gregorian 2025) and 1437 (Gregorian 2058), so 1350*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# the following code special-cases those years. See Table 15.1, page 264, of: 13519a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Edward M. Reingold and Nachum Dershowitz, Calendrical Calculations: 13529a0f2271SDominik Hassler# The Ultimate Edition, Cambridge University Press (2018). 13539a0f2271SDominik Hassler# https://www.cambridge.org/fr/academic/subjects/computer-science/computing-general-interest/calendrical-calculations-ultimate-edition-4th-edition 13549a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Page 258, footnote 2, of this book says there is some dispute over what will 13559a0f2271SDominik Hassler# happen in 2091 (and some other years after that), so this code 13569a0f2271SDominik Hassler# stops in 2087, as 2088 and 2089 agree with the "max" rule below. 13579a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (cl-loop 13589a0f2271SDominik Hassler# initially (require 'cal-persia) 13599a0f2271SDominik Hassler# with first-persian-year = 1387 13609a0f2271SDominik Hassler# with last-persian-year = 1466 13619a0f2271SDominik Hassler# ;; Exceptional years in the above range, 13629a0f2271SDominik Hassler# ;; from Reingold & Dershowitz Table 15.1, page 264: 13639a0f2271SDominik Hassler# with exceptional-persian-years = '(1404 1437) 13649a0f2271SDominik Hassler# with range-start = nil 13659a0f2271SDominik Hassler# for persian-year from first-persian-year to last-persian-year 13669a0f2271SDominik Hassler# do 13679a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (let* 13689a0f2271SDominik Hassler# ((exceptional-year-offset 13699a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (if (member persian-year exceptional-persian-years) 1 0)) 13709a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (beg-dst-absolute 13719a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 1 1 persian-year)) 13729a0f2271SDominik Hassler# exceptional-year-offset)) 13739a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (end-dst-absolute 13749a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 6 30 persian-year)) 13759a0f2271SDominik Hassler# exceptional-year-offset)) 13769a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (next-year-beg-dst-absolute 13779a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 1 1 (1+ persian-year))) 13789a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (if (member (1+ persian-year) exceptional-persian-years) 1 0))) 13799a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (beg-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute beg-dst-absolute)) 13809a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (end-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute end-dst-absolute)) 13819a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (next-year-beg-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute 13829a0f2271SDominik Hassler# next-year-beg-dst-absolute)) 13839a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (year (calendar-extract-year beg-dst)) 13849a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (range-end (if range-start year "only"))) 13859a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (setq range-start (or range-start year)) 13869a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (when (or (/= (calendar-extract-day beg-dst) 13879a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (calendar-extract-day next-year-beg-dst)) 13889a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (= persian-year last-persian-year)) 13899a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (insert 13909a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (format 13919a0f2271SDominik Hassler# "Rule\tIran\t%d\t%s\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t1:00\t-\n" 13929a0f2271SDominik Hassler# range-start range-end 13939a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (calendar-month-name (calendar-extract-month beg-dst) t) 13949a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (calendar-extract-day beg-dst))) 13959a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (insert 13969a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (format 13979a0f2271SDominik Hassler# "Rule\tIran\t%d\t%s\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t0\t-\n" 13989a0f2271SDominik Hassler# range-start range-end 13999a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (calendar-month-name (calendar-extract-month end-dst) t) 14009a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (calendar-extract-day end-dst))) 14019a0f2271SDominik Hassler# (setq range-start nil)))) 140245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 140345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 140445ba3153SMarcel Telka# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 140545ba3153SMarcel Telka# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 140645ba3153SMarcel Telka# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 140745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 140845ba3153SMarcel Telka# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 140945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 141045ba3153SMarcel Telka# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 141145ba3153SMarcel Telka# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 141245ba3153SMarcel Telka# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 141345ba3153SMarcel Telka# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 141445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 141545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 141645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 141745ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 141845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 141945ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 142045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 142145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Nørgaard Welen: 142245ba3153SMarcel Telka# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 142345ba3153SMarcel Telka# daylight saving time ... 1424226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 142545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 142645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 142745ba3153SMarcel Telka# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 142845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Iran, Volume 63, No. 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 142945ba3153SMarcel Telka# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 143045ba3153SMarcel Telka# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 143145ba3153SMarcel Telka# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 143245ba3153SMarcel Telka# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 143345ba3153SMarcel Telka# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 143445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 143545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 14369a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14379a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 1978 only - Oct 20 24:00 0 - 14389a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 1979 only - Sep 18 24:00 0 - 14399a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 1980 only - Sep 22 24:00 0 - 14409a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 1991 only - May 2 24:00 1:00 - 14419a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14429a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14439a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 1996 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14449a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 1996 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14459a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14469a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14479a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2000 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14489a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2000 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14499a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14509a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14519a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2004 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14529a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2004 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14539a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2005 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14549a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2005 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14559a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2008 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14569a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2008 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14579a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14589a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14599a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2012 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14609a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2012 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14619a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14629a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14639a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2016 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14649a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2016 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14659a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14669a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14679a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2020 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14689a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2020 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14699a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14709a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14719a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2024 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14729a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2024 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14739a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14749a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14759a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14769a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14779a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14789a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14799a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14809a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14819a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14829a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14839a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14849a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14859a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2038 2039 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14869a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2038 2039 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14879a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2040 2041 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14889a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2040 2041 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14899a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2042 2043 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14909a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2042 2043 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14919a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2044 2045 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14929a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2044 2045 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14939a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2046 2047 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14949a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2046 2047 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14959a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2048 2049 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 14969a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2048 2049 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 14979a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2050 2051 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 14989a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2050 2051 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 14999a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2052 2053 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15009a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2052 2053 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15019a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2054 2055 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15029a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2054 2055 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15039a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2056 2057 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15049a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2056 2057 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15059a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2058 2059 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15069a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2058 2059 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15079a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2060 2062 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15089a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2060 2062 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15099a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2063 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15109a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2063 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15119a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2064 2066 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15129a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2064 2066 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15139a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2067 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15149a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2067 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15159a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2068 2070 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15169a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2068 2070 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15179a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2071 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15189a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2071 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15199a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2072 2074 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15209a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2072 2074 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15219a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2075 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15229a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2075 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15239a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2076 2078 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15249a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2076 2078 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15259a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2079 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15269a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2079 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15279a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2080 2082 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15289a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2080 2082 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15299a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2083 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15309a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2083 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 15319a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2084 2086 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15329a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2084 2086 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 15339a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2087 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 15349a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2087 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 153545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 15369a0f2271SDominik Hassler# The following rules are approximations starting in the year 2088. 15379a0f2271SDominik Hassler# These are the best post-2088 approximations available, given the 15389a0f2271SDominik Hassler# restrictions of a single rule using ordinary Gregorian dates. 153945ba3153SMarcel Telka# At some point this table will need to be extended, though quite 154045ba3153SMarcel Telka# possibly Iran will change the rules first. 15419a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2088 max - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 15429a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Iran 2088 max - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 154345ba3153SMarcel Telka 1544*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 154545ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 154645ba3153SMarcel Telka 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 1547489eee58SDan McDonald 3:30 - +0330 1977 Nov 1548489eee58SDan McDonald 4:00 Iran +04/+05 1979 1549489eee58SDan McDonald 3:30 Iran +0330/+0430 155045ba3153SMarcel Telka 155145ba3153SMarcel Telka 155245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Iraq 155345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 155445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 155545ba3153SMarcel Telka# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 155645ba3153SMarcel Telka# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 155745ba3153SMarcel Telka# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 155845ba3153SMarcel Telka# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 155945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 156045ba3153SMarcel Telka# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 156145ba3153SMarcel Telka# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 156245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 156345ba3153SMarcel Telka# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 156445ba3153SMarcel Telka# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 156545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 156645ba3153SMarcel Telka# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 156745ba3153SMarcel Telka 156845ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 156945ba3153SMarcel Telka# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 157045ba3153SMarcel Telka# news sources (in Arabic): 157145ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 157245ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 157345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 157445ba3153SMarcel Telka# We have published a short article in English about the change: 1575226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 157645ba3153SMarcel Telka 157745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 15788e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 - 15798e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 15808e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 - 15818e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 - 15828e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - 15838e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 - 158445ba3153SMarcel Telka# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the ':01' is a typo. 158545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 158645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 15878e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 - 15888e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 - 1589*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 159045ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 159145ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 1592489eee58SDan McDonald 3:00 - +03 1982 May 1593489eee58SDan McDonald 3:00 Iraq +03/+04 159445ba3153SMarcel Telka 159545ba3153SMarcel Telka 159645ba3153SMarcel Telka############################################################################### 159745ba3153SMarcel Telka 159845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Israel 159945ba3153SMarcel Telka 160045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 160145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 160245ba3153SMarcel Telka# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 160345ba3153SMarcel Telka# different abbreviations in use: 160445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 160545ba3153SMarcel Telka# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 160645ba3153SMarcel Telka# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 160745ba3153SMarcel Telka# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 160845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 160945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 161045ba3153SMarcel Telka# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 161145ba3153SMarcel Telka# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 161245ba3153SMarcel Telka# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 161345ba3153SMarcel Telka# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 161445ba3153SMarcel Telka# settings in Israeli computers. 161545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 161645ba3153SMarcel Telka# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 161745ba3153SMarcel Telka# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 161845ba3153SMarcel Telka# family is from India). 161945ba3153SMarcel Telka 162045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Shanks & Pottenger: 162145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 162245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 162345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1942 1944 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 162445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1943 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 D 162545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1944 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 162645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 162745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1945 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 162845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1946 only - Apr 16 2:00 1:00 D 162945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1946 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 163045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1948 only - May 23 0:00 2:00 DD 163145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1948 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D 163245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1948 1949 - Nov 1 2:00 0 S 163345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1949 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 163445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1950 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 D 163545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1950 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 S 163645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1951 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 163745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1951 only - Nov 11 3:00 0 S 163845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1952 only - Apr 20 2:00 1:00 D 163945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1952 only - Oct 19 3:00 0 S 164045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1953 only - Apr 12 2:00 1:00 D 164145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1953 only - Sep 13 3:00 0 S 164245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1954 only - Jun 13 0:00 1:00 D 164345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1954 only - Sep 12 0:00 0 S 164445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 2:00 1:00 D 164545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1955 only - Sep 11 0:00 0 S 164645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1956 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 D 164745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1956 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 S 164845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1957 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 D 164945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1957 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S 165045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1974 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 D 165145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1974 only - Oct 13 0:00 0 S 165245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1975 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 D 165345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1975 only - Aug 31 0:00 0 S 16549a0f2271SDominik Hassler 16559a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Alois Treindl (2019-03-06): 1656*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# http://www.moin.gov.il/Documents/שעון%20קיץ/clock-50-years-7-2014.pdf 16579a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Isaac Starkman (2019-03-06): 16589a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Summer time was in that period in 1980 and 1984, see 16599a0f2271SDominik Hassler# https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3951073,00.html 16609a0f2271SDominik Hassler# You can of course read it in translation. 16619a0f2271SDominik Hassler# I checked the local newspapers for that years. 16629a0f2271SDominik Hassler# It started on midnight and end at 01.00 am. 16639a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Paul Eggert (2019-03-06): 16649a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Also see this thread about the moin.gov.il URL: 16659a0f2271SDominik Hassler# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-November/027194.html 16669a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Zion 1980 only - Aug 2 0:00 1:00 D 16679a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Zion 1980 only - Sep 13 1:00 0 S 16689a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Zion 1984 only - May 5 0:00 1:00 D 16699a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule Zion 1984 only - Aug 25 1:00 0 S 16709a0f2271SDominik Hassler 16719a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Shanks & Pottenger: 167245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1985 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D 167345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1985 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S 167445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1986 only - May 18 0:00 1:00 D 167545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1986 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S 167645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1987 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 167745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1987 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S 167845ba3153SMarcel Telka 167945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Avigdor Finkelstein (2014-03-05): 168045ba3153SMarcel Telka# I check the Parliament (Knesset) records and there it's stated that the 168145ba3153SMarcel Telka# [1988] transition should take place on Saturday night, when the Sabbath 168245ba3153SMarcel Telka# ends and changes to Sunday. 168345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1988 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D 168445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1988 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S 168545ba3153SMarcel Telka 168645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Ephraim Silverberg 168745ba3153SMarcel Telka# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 168845ba3153SMarcel Telka# and 2005-02-17): 168945ba3153SMarcel Telka 169045ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 169145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 169245ba3153SMarcel Telka# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 169345ba3153SMarcel Telka# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 169445ba3153SMarcel Telka# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 169545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 169645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 169745ba3153SMarcel Telka# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 169845ba3153SMarcel Telka# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 169945ba3153SMarcel Telka# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 170045ba3153SMarcel Telka# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 170145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 170245ba3153SMarcel Telka# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 170345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 170445ba3153SMarcel Telka# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 170545ba3153SMarcel Telka# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 170645ba3153SMarcel Telka# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 170745ba3153SMarcel Telka# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 170845ba3153SMarcel Telka# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 170945ba3153SMarcel Telka# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 171045ba3153SMarcel Telka# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 171145ba3153SMarcel Telka# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 171245ba3153SMarcel Telka 171345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 171445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1989 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D 171545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1989 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 171645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1990 only - Mar 25 0:00 1:00 D 171745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1990 only - Aug 26 0:00 0 S 171845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1991 only - Mar 24 0:00 1:00 D 171945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1991 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 S 172045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1992 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 D 172145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1992 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 172245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 172345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 172445ba3153SMarcel Telka 172545ba3153SMarcel Telka# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 172645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 172745ba3153SMarcel Telka# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 172845ba3153SMarcel Telka 172945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 173045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 173145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 173245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 173345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 173445ba3153SMarcel Telka 173545ba3153SMarcel Telka# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 173645ba3153SMarcel Telka# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 173745ba3153SMarcel Telka# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 173845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 173945ba3153SMarcel Telka# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 174045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 174145ba3153SMarcel Telka# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 174245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 174345ba3153SMarcel Telka# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 174445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 174545ba3153SMarcel Telka# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 174645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 174745ba3153SMarcel Telka# where YYYY is the relevant year. 174845ba3153SMarcel Telka 174945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 175045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1996 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 175145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1996 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S 175245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1997 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 D 175345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1997 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S 175445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 175545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 175645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 175745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 175845ba3153SMarcel Telka 175945ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 176045ba3153SMarcel Telka# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 176145ba3153SMarcel Telka# years 2001-2004 as well. 176245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 176345ba3153SMarcel Telka# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 176445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 176545ba3153SMarcel Telka# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 176645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 176745ba3153SMarcel Telka# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 176845ba3153SMarcel Telka# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 176945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 177045ba3153SMarcel Telka# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 177145ba3153SMarcel Telka 177245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 177345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 177445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 177545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 177645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 177745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 177845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 177945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 178045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 178145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 178245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 178345ba3153SMarcel Telka 178445ba3153SMarcel Telka# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 178545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 178645ba3153SMarcel Telka# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 178745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 178845ba3153SMarcel Telka# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 178945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 179045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 179145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 179245ba3153SMarcel Telka# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 179345ba3153SMarcel Telka 179445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1795*337881e8SAndy FiddamanRule Zion 2005 2012 - Apr Fri<=1 2:00 1:00 D 179645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 179745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 179845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 179945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 180045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 180145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 180245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 180345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 180445ba3153SMarcel Telka 180545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Ephraim Silverberg (2013-06-27): 180645ba3153SMarcel Telka# On June 23, 2013, the Israeli government approved changes to the 180745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Time Decree Law. The next day, the changes passed the First Reading 180845ba3153SMarcel Telka# in the Knesset. The law is expected to pass the Second and Third 180945ba3153SMarcel Telka# (final) Readings by the beginning of September 2013. 181045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 181145ba3153SMarcel Telka# As of 2013, DST starts at 02:00 on the Friday before the last Sunday 181245ba3153SMarcel Telka# in March. DST ends at 02:00 on the last Sunday of October. 181345ba3153SMarcel Telka 181445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 181545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D 181645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 181745ba3153SMarcel Telka 1818*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 181945ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880 182045ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 182145ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 Zion I%sT 182245ba3153SMarcel Telka 182345ba3153SMarcel Telka 182445ba3153SMarcel Telka 182545ba3153SMarcel Telka############################################################################### 182645ba3153SMarcel Telka 182745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Japan 182845ba3153SMarcel Telka 182945ba3153SMarcel Telka# '9:00' and 'JST' is from Guy Harris. 183045ba3153SMarcel Telka 183145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 183245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 183345ba3153SMarcel Telka# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but "the system was discontinued 183445ba3153SMarcel Telka# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours." 183545ba3153SMarcel Telka 183645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times: 183745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm 183845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 183945ba3153SMarcel Telka# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 184045ba3153SMarcel Telka# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 184145ba3153SMarcel Telka# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 184245ba3153SMarcel Telka# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 184345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 184445ba3153SMarcel Telka# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 184545ba3153SMarcel Telka# wanted to keep it.) 184645ba3153SMarcel Telka 184778112833SAndy Fiddaman# From Takayuki Nikai (2018-01-19): 184878112833SAndy Fiddaman# The source of information is Japanese law. 184978112833SAndy Fiddaman# http://www.shugiin.go.jp/internet/itdb_housei.nsf/html/houritsu/00219480428029.htm 185078112833SAndy Fiddaman# http://www.shugiin.go.jp/internet/itdb_housei.nsf/html/houritsu/00719500331039.htm 185178112833SAndy Fiddaman# ... In summary, it is written as follows. From 24:00 on the first Saturday 185278112833SAndy Fiddaman# in May, until 0:00 on the day after the second Saturday in September. 18539b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 18549b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# From Phake Nick (2018-09-27): 18559b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# [T]he webpage authored by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 18569b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# https://eco.mtk.nao.ac.jp/koyomi/wiki/BBFEB9EF2FB2C6BBFEB9EF.html 18579b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# ... mentioned that using Showa 23 (year 1948) as example, 13pm of September 18589b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 11 in summer time will equal to 0am of September 12 in standard time. 18599b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# It cited a document issued by the Liaison Office which briefly existed 18609b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# during the postwar period of Japan, where the detail on implementation 18619b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# of the summer time is described in the document. 18629b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# https://eco.mtk.nao.ac.jp/koyomi/wiki/BBFEB9EF2FB2C6BBFEB9EFB2C6BBFEB9EFA4CEBCC2BBDCA4CBA4C4A4A4A4C6.pdf 18639b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# The text in the document do instruct a fall back to occur at 18649b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# September 11, 13pm in summer time, while ordinary citizens can 18659b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# change the clock before they sleep. 18669b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 18679b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2018-09-27): 18689b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# This instruction is equivalent to "Sat>=8 25:00", so use that. zic treats 18699b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# it like "Sun>=9 01:00", which is not quite the same but is the best we can 18709b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# do in any POSIX or C platform. The "25:00" assumes zic from 2007 or later, 18719b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# which should be safe now. 18729b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 187345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 187478112833SAndy FiddamanRule Japan 1948 only - May Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D 18759b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 25:00 0 S 187678112833SAndy FiddamanRule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D 187778112833SAndy FiddamanRule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D 187845ba3153SMarcel Telka 187945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 188045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 18818e22b25cSYuri Pankov# Observatory: 139° 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s), 35° 39' 16.0" N. 188245ba3153SMarcel Telka# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 188345ba3153SMarcel Telka# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 188445ba3153SMarcel Telka# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 188545ba3153SMarcel Telka# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 188645ba3153SMarcel Telka 188745ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 188845ba3153SMarcel Telka# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 18898e22b25cSYuri Pankov# which stands for the time on 135° E. 189045ba3153SMarcel Telka# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 189145ba3153SMarcel Telka# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 18928e22b25cSYuri Pankov# time", which stands for the time on 120° E.... But "western standard 189345ba3153SMarcel Telka# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 189445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 189545ba3153SMarcel Telka# standard.... 189645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 189745ba3153SMarcel Telka# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 189845ba3153SMarcel Telka# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 189945ba3153SMarcel Telka 190045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12): 190145ba3153SMarcel Telka# ...the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of Meiji Year 28 "The clause 190245ba3153SMarcel Telka# about standard time" ... The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. 1903226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時) 190445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 190545ba3153SMarcel Telka# ...the Showa Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 ... which 190645ba3153SMarcel Telka# means the whole Japan territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan 190780ca1ec9SYuri Pankov# Central Time (UT+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. 1908226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件 190945ba3153SMarcel Telka 1910*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 191145ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 191245ba3153SMarcel Telka 9:00 Japan J%sT 19139a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo, 19149a0f2271SDominik Hassler# except that Truk (Chuuk), Ponape (Pohnpei), and Jaluit (Kosrae) did not 19159a0f2271SDominik Hassler# switch from +10 to +09 until 1941-04-01; see the 'australasia' file. 191645ba3153SMarcel Telka 191745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Jordan 191845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 191945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From <http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html> 192045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 192145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 192245ba3153SMarcel Telka# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 192345ba3153SMarcel Telka# all year round. 192445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 192545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From <http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html> 192645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 192745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 192845ba3153SMarcel Telka# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 192945ba3153SMarcel Telka# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 193045ba3153SMarcel Telka# government's departments from six to seven hours. 193145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 193245ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 193345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 193445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 193545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 193645ba3153SMarcel Telka# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 193745ba3153SMarcel Telka# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 193845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 193945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 194045ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 194145ba3153SMarcel Telka# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 194245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 194345ba3153SMarcel Telka 194445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 194545ba3153SMarcel Telka# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 194645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 194745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 194845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Google's translation: 194945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 195045ba3153SMarcel Telka# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 195145ba3153SMarcel Telka# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 195245ba3153SMarcel Telka# > of the month of March of each year. 195345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 195445ba3153SMarcel Telka# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 195545ba3153SMarcel Telka 195645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 195745ba3153SMarcel Telka# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 195845ba3153SMarcel Telka 195945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-10-25): 196045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Yesterday the government in Jordan announced that they will not 196145ba3153SMarcel Telka# switch back to standard time this winter, so the will stay on DST 196245ba3153SMarcel Telka# until about the same time next year (at least). 196345ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?NewsID=88950 196445ba3153SMarcel Telka 196545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-12-11): 196645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Jordan Times and other sources say that Jordan is going back to 196745ba3153SMarcel Telka# UTC+2 on 2013-12-19 at midnight: 196845ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://jordantimes.com/govt-decides-to-switch-back-to-wintertime 196945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Official, in Arabic: 197045ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.petra.gov.jo/public_news/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?Menu_ID=&Site_Id=2&lang=1&NewsID=133230&CatID=14 197145ba3153SMarcel Telka# ... Our background/permalink about it 1972226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/jordan-reverses-dst-decision.html 197345ba3153SMarcel Telka# ... 197445ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?lang=2&site_id=1&NewsID=133313&Type=P 197545ba3153SMarcel Telka# ... says midnight for the coming one and 1:00 for the ones in the future 197645ba3153SMarcel Telka# (and they will use DST again next year, using the normal schedule). 197745ba3153SMarcel Telka 197845ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2013-12-11): 197945ba3153SMarcel Telka# As Steffen suggested, consider the past 21-month experiment to be DST. 198045ba3153SMarcel Telka 198145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 198245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 198345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 198445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 198545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 198645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 198745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 198845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 198945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 199045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 199145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 199245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 199345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 199445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 199545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 199645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 199745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 199845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 199945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 200045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 200145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 200245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 200345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 200445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 200545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 2002 2012 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 200645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 200745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 200845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 200945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 2006 2011 - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 201045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 2013 only - Dec 20 0:00 0 - 201145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 2014 max - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 201245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Jordan 2014 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 2013*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 201445ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 201545ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 201645ba3153SMarcel Telka 201745ba3153SMarcel Telka 201845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Kazakhstan 201945ba3153SMarcel Telka 202045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin No. 11 202145ba3153SMarcel Telka# <http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm> (2005-03-21): 202245ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 202345ba3153SMarcel Telka# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 202445ba3153SMarcel Telka# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 202545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 202645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 202745ba3153SMarcel Telka# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 202845ba3153SMarcel Telka# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 202945ba3153SMarcel Telka# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 203045ba3153SMarcel Telka# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 2031489eee58SDan McDonald# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtöbe, Atyraū, 2032489eee58SDan McDonald# Mangghystaū, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 203345ba3153SMarcel Telka# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 203445ba3153SMarcel Telka# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 203545ba3153SMarcel Telka 2036489eee58SDan McDonald# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-27): 203745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Review of the linked documents from http://adilet.zan.kz/ 203845ba3153SMarcel Telka# produced the following data for post-1991 Kazakhstan: 203945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 204045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 0. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR 204145ba3153SMarcel Telka# from 1991-02-04 No. 20 204245ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102010545 204345ba3153SMarcel Telka# removed the extra hour ("decree time") on the territory of the USSR 204445ba3153SMarcel Telka# starting with the last Sunday of March 1991. 204545ba3153SMarcel Telka# It also allowed (but not mandated) Kazakh SSR, Kirghiz SSR, Tajik SSR, 204645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Turkmen SSR and Uzbek SSR to not have "summer" time. 204745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 204845ba3153SMarcel Telka# The 1992-01-13 act also refers to the act of the Cabinet of Ministers 204945ba3153SMarcel Telka# of the Kazakh SSR from 1991-03-20 No. 170 "About the act of the Cabinet 205045ba3153SMarcel Telka# of Ministers of the USSR from 1991-02-04 No. 20" but I didn't found its 205145ba3153SMarcel Telka# text. 205245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 205345ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to Izvestia newspaper No. 68 (23334) from 1991-03-20 2054*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# -- page 6; available at http://libinfo.org/newsr/newsr2574.djvu via 2055*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# http://libinfo.org/index.php?id=58564 -- on 1991-03-31 at 2:00 during 205645ba3153SMarcel Telka# transition to "summer" time: 205745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Republic of Georgia, Latvian SSR, Lithuanian SSR, SSR Moldova, 205845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Estonian SSR; Komi ASSR; Kaliningrad oblast; Nenets autonomous okrug 205945ba3153SMarcel Telka# were to move clocks 1 hour forward. 206045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Kazakh SSR (excluding Uralsk oblast); Republic of Kyrgyzstan, Tajik 206145ba3153SMarcel Telka# SSR; Andijan, Jizzakh, Namangan, Sirdarya, Tashkent, Fergana oblasts 206245ba3153SMarcel Telka# of the Uzbek SSR were to move clocks 1 hour backwards. 206345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Other territories were to not move clocks. 206445ba3153SMarcel Telka# When the "summer" time would end on 1991-09-29, clocks were to be 206545ba3153SMarcel Telka# moved 1 hour backwards on the territory of the USSR excluding 206645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Uzbekistan, Turkmenia, Tajikistan. 206745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 206845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Apparently there were last minute changes. Apparently Kazakh act No. 170 206945ba3153SMarcel Telka# was one of such changes. 207045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2071*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Декретное_время 207245ba3153SMarcel Telka# claims that Sovetskaya Rossiya newspaper on 1991-03-29 published that 207345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Nenets autonomous okrug, Komi and Kazakhstan (excluding Uralsk oblast) 207445ba3153SMarcel Telka# were to not move clocks and Uralsk oblast was to move clocks 207545ba3153SMarcel Telka# forward; on 1991-09-29 Kazakhstan was to move clocks backwards. 207645ba3153SMarcel Telka# (Probably there were changes even after that publication. There is an 207745ba3153SMarcel Telka# article claiming that Kaliningrad oblast decided on 1991-03-29 to not 207845ba3153SMarcel Telka# move clocks.) 207945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 208045ba3153SMarcel Telka# This implies that on 1991-03-31 Asia/Oral remained on +04/+05 while 208145ba3153SMarcel Telka# the rest of Kazakhstan switched from +06/+07 to +05/06 or from +05/06 2082489eee58SDan McDonald# to +04/+05. It's unclear how Qyzylorda oblast moved into the fifth 208345ba3153SMarcel Telka# time belt. (By switching from +04/+05 to +05/+06 on 1991-09-29?) ... 208445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 208545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan 208645ba3153SMarcel Telka# from 1992-01-13 No. 28 208745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P920000028_ 208845ba3153SMarcel Telka# (text includes modification from the 1996 act) 208945ba3153SMarcel Telka# introduced new rules for calculation of time, mirroring Russian 209045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1992-01-08 act. It specified that time would be calculated 209145ba3153SMarcel Telka# according to time belts plus extra hour ("decree time"), moved clocks 209245ba3153SMarcel Telka# on the whole territory of Kazakhstan 1 hour forward on 1992-01-19 at 209345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2:00, specified DST rules. It acknowledged that Kazakhstan was 209445ba3153SMarcel Telka# located in the fourth and the fifth time belts and specified the 2095489eee58SDan McDonald# border between them to be located east of Qostanay and Aktyubinsk 2096489eee58SDan McDonald# oblasts (notably including Turgai and Qyzylorda oblasts into the fifth 209745ba3153SMarcel Telka# time belt). 209845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 209945ba3153SMarcel Telka# This means switch on 1992-01-19 at 2:00 from +04/+05 to +05/+06 for 2100489eee58SDan McDonald# Asia/Aqtau, Asia/Aqtobe, Asia/Oral, Atyraū and Qostanay oblasts; from 2101489eee58SDan McDonald# +05/+06 to +06/+07 for Asia/Almaty and Asia/Qyzylorda (and Arkalyk).... 210245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 210345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan 210445ba3153SMarcel Telka# from 1992-03-27 No. 284 210545ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P920000284_ 2106489eee58SDan McDonald# cancels extra hour ("decree time") for Uralsk and Qyzylorda oblasts 210745ba3153SMarcel Telka# since the last Sunday of March 1992, while keeping them in the fourth 210845ba3153SMarcel Telka# and the fifth time belts respectively. 210945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 211045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 3. Order of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan 211145ba3153SMarcel Telka# from 1994-09-23 No. 384 211245ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/R940000384_ 2113489eee58SDan McDonald# cancels the extra hour ("decree time") on the territory of Mangghystaū 211445ba3153SMarcel Telka# oblast since the last Sunday of September 1994 (saying that time on 211545ba3153SMarcel Telka# the territory would correspond to the third time belt as a 211645ba3153SMarcel Telka# result).... 211745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 211845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 4. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 211945ba3153SMarcel Telka# from 1996-05-08 No. 575 212045ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P960000575_ 212145ba3153SMarcel Telka# amends the 1992-01-13 act to end summer time in October instead 212245ba3153SMarcel Telka# of September, mirroring identical Russian change from 1996-04-23 act. 212345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 212445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 5. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 212545ba3153SMarcel Telka# from 1999-03-26 No. 305 212645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P990000305_ 2127489eee58SDan McDonald# cancels the extra hour ("decree time") for Atyraū oblast since the 212845ba3153SMarcel Telka# last Sunday of March 1999 while retaining the oblast in the fourth 212945ba3153SMarcel Telka# time belt. 213045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2131489eee58SDan McDonald# This means change from +05/+06 to +04/+05.... 213245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 213345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 6. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 213445ba3153SMarcel Telka# from 2000-11-23 No. 1749 213545ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/archive/docs/P000001749_/23.11.2000 213645ba3153SMarcel Telka# replaces the previous five documents. 213745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 213845ba3153SMarcel Telka# The only changes I noticed are in definition of the border between the 213945ba3153SMarcel Telka# fourth and the fifth time belts. They account for changes in spelling 214045ba3153SMarcel Telka# and administrative division (splitting of Turgai oblast in 1997 2141489eee58SDan McDonald# probably changed time in territories incorporated into Qostanay oblast 2142489eee58SDan McDonald# (including Arkalyk) from +06/+07 to +05/+06) and move Qyzylorda oblast 214345ba3153SMarcel Telka# from being in the fifth time belt and not using decree time into the 2144489eee58SDan McDonald# fourth time belt (no change in practice). 214545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 214645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 7. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 214745ba3153SMarcel Telka# from 2003-12-29 No. 1342 214845ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P030001342_ 214945ba3153SMarcel Telka# modified the 2000-11-23 act. No relevant changes, apparently. 215045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 215145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 8. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 215245ba3153SMarcel Telka# from 2004-07-20 No. 775 215345ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/archive/docs/P040000775_/20.07.2004 2154489eee58SDan McDonald# modified the 2000-11-23 act to move Qostanay and Qyzylorda oblasts into 215545ba3153SMarcel Telka# the fifth time belt and add Aktobe oblast to the list of regions not 215645ba3153SMarcel Telka# using extra hour ("decree time"), leaving Kazakhstan with only 2 time 215745ba3153SMarcel Telka# zones (+04/+05 and +06/+07). The changes were to be implemented 215845ba3153SMarcel Telka# during DST transitions in 2004 and 2005 but the acts got radically 215945ba3153SMarcel Telka# amended before implementation happened. 216045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 216145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 9. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 216245ba3153SMarcel Telka# from 2004-09-15 No. 1059 216345ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P040001059_ 216445ba3153SMarcel Telka# modified the 2000-11-23 act to remove exceptions from the "decree time" 216545ba3153SMarcel Telka# (leaving Kazakhstan in +05/+06 and +06/+07 zones), amended the 2166489eee58SDan McDonald# 2004-07-20 act to implement changes for Atyraū, West Kazakhstan, 2167489eee58SDan McDonald# Qostanay, Qyzylorda and Mangghystaū oblasts by not moving clocks 2168489eee58SDan McDonald# during the 2004 transition to "winter" time. 216945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2170489eee58SDan McDonald# This means transition from +04/+05 to +05/+06 for Atyraū oblast (no 217145ba3153SMarcel Telka# zone currently), Asia/Oral, Asia/Aqtau and transition from +05/+06 to 2172489eee58SDan McDonald# +06/+07 for Qostanay oblast (Qostanay and Arkalyk, no zones currently) 2173489eee58SDan McDonald# and Asia/Qyzylorda on 2004-10-31 at 3:00.... 217445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 217545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 10. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 217645ba3153SMarcel Telka# from 2005-03-15 No. 231 217745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P050000231_ 217845ba3153SMarcel Telka# removes DST provisions from the 2000-11-23 act, removes most of the 217945ba3153SMarcel Telka# (already implemented) provisions from the 2004-07-20 and 2004-09-15 218045ba3153SMarcel Telka# acts, comes into effect 10 days after official publication. 218145ba3153SMarcel Telka# The only practical effect seems to be the abolition of the summer 218245ba3153SMarcel Telka# time. 218345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 218445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Unamended version of the act of the Government of the Russian Federation 218545ba3153SMarcel Telka# No. 23 from 1992-01-08 [See 'europe' file for details]. 218645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Kazakh 1992-01-13 act appears to provide the same rules and 1992-03-27 218745ba3153SMarcel Telka# act was to be enacted on the last Sunday of March 1992. 218845ba3153SMarcel Telka 2189489eee58SDan McDonald# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-08): 2190489eee58SDan McDonald# Turgai reorganization should affect only southern part of Qostanay 2191489eee58SDan McDonald# oblast. Which should probably be separated into Asia/Arkalyk zone. 2192489eee58SDan McDonald# (There were also 1970, 1988 and 1990 Turgai oblast reorganizations 2193489eee58SDan McDonald# according to wikipedia.) 219445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2195489eee58SDan McDonald# [For Qostanay] http://www.ng.kz/gazeta/195/hranit/ 2196489eee58SDan McDonald# suggests that clocks were to be moved 40 minutes backwards on 2197489eee58SDan McDonald# 1920-01-01 to the fourth time belt. But I do not understand 2198489eee58SDan McDonald# how that could happen.... 2199489eee58SDan McDonald# 2200489eee58SDan McDonald# [For Atyrau and Oral] 1919 decree 2201489eee58SDan McDonald# (http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia-1919-02-08.html 2202489eee58SDan McDonald# and in Byalokoz) lists Ural river (plus 10 versts on its left bank) in 2203489eee58SDan McDonald# the third time belt (before 1930 this means +03). 2204489eee58SDan McDonald 22059a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Alexander Konzurovski (2018-12-20): 22069a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Qyzyolrda Region (Asia/Qyzylorda) is changing its time zone from 22079a0f2271SDominik Hassler# UTC+6 to UTC+5 effective December 21st, 2018. The legal document is 22089a0f2271SDominik Hassler# located here: http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1800000817 (russian language). 2209489eee58SDan McDonald 2210*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 221145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 221245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 221345ba3153SMarcel Telka# This includes KZ-AKM, KZ-ALA, KZ-ALM, KZ-AST, KZ-BAY, KZ-VOS, KZ-ZHA, 221445ba3153SMarcel Telka# KZ-KAR, KZ-SEV, KZ-PAV, and KZ-YUZ. 221545ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 221645ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 221745ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 221845ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 221945ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 222045ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:00 - +06 222145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) (KZ-KZY) 222245ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 222345ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 222445ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 222545ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 222645ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 222745ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 222845ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 222945ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 223045ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 223145ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 22329a0f2271SDominik Hassler 6:00 - +06 2018 Dec 21 0:00 22339a0f2271SDominik Hassler 5:00 - +05 2234489eee58SDan McDonald# 22359a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Qostanay (aka Kostanay, Kustanay) (KZ-KUS) 22369a0f2271SDominik Hassler# The 1991/2 rules are unclear partly because of the 1997 Turgai 22379a0f2271SDominik Hassler# reorganization. 22389a0f2271SDominik HasslerZone Asia/Qostanay 4:14:28 - LMT 1924 May 2 22399a0f2271SDominik Hassler 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 22409a0f2271SDominik Hassler 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 22419a0f2271SDominik Hassler 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 22429a0f2271SDominik Hassler 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 22439a0f2271SDominik Hassler 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 22449a0f2271SDominik Hassler 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 22459a0f2271SDominik Hassler 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 22469a0f2271SDominik Hassler 6:00 - +06 22479a0f2271SDominik Hassler 2248489eee58SDan McDonald# Aqtöbe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk) (KZ-AKT) 224945ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 225045ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 225145ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 225245ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 225345ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 225445ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 225545ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 225645ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 225745ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 2258489eee58SDan McDonald# Mangghystaū (KZ-MAN) 225945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 226045ba3153SMarcel Telka# so include timestamps before 1963. 226145ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 226245ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 226345ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 1981 Oct 1 226445ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 226545ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 226645ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 226745ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1994 Sep 25 2:00s 226845ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 226945ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 2270489eee58SDan McDonald# Atyraū (KZ-ATY) is like Mangghystaū except it switched from 2271489eee58SDan McDonald# +04/+05 to +05/+06 in spring 1999, not fall 1994. 2272489eee58SDan McDonaldZone Asia/Atyrau 3:27:44 - LMT 1924 May 2 2273489eee58SDan McDonald 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 2274489eee58SDan McDonald 5:00 - +05 1981 Oct 1 2275489eee58SDan McDonald 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 2276489eee58SDan McDonald 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2277489eee58SDan McDonald 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2278489eee58SDan McDonald 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1999 Mar 28 2:00s 2279489eee58SDan McDonald 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 2280489eee58SDan McDonald 5:00 - +05 228145ba3153SMarcel Telka# West Kazakhstan (KZ-ZAP) 228245ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): 228345ba3153SMarcel Telka# The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). 228445ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 2285489eee58SDan McDonald 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 228645ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 228745ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 228845ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 228945ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 229045ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 229145ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 229245ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 229345ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 229445ba3153SMarcel Telka 229545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 229645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 229745ba3153SMarcel Telka 229845ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 229945ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 230045ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml 230145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 230245ba3153SMarcel Telka# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 230345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 230445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 230545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 230645ba3153SMarcel Telka 230745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 23088e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 - 230945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 23108e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 - 231145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 2312*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 231345ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 231445ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 231545ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 231645ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Aug 31 2:00 231745ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 Kyrgyz +05/+06 2005 Aug 12 231845ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:00 - +06 231945ba3153SMarcel Telka 232045ba3153SMarcel Telka############################################################################### 232145ba3153SMarcel Telka 232245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Korea (North and South) 232345ba3153SMarcel Telka 232445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10): 232545ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=200607100012 232645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Korea ran a daylight saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it 232745ba3153SMarcel Telka# during the 1950-53 Korean War. The system was temporarily enforced 232845ba3153SMarcel Telka# between 1987 and 1988 ... 232945ba3153SMarcel Telka 233045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Sanghyuk Jung (2014-10-29): 2331226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021830.html 233245ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to the Korean Wikipedia 2333226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/한국_표준시 233445ba3153SMarcel Telka# [oldid=12896437 2014-09-04 08:03 UTC] 233545ba3153SMarcel Telka# DST in Republic of Korea was as follows.... And I checked old 233645ba3153SMarcel Telka# newspapers in Korean, all articles correspond with data in Wikipedia. 233745ba3153SMarcel Telka# For example, the article in 1948 (Korean Language) proved that DST 233845ba3153SMarcel Telka# started at June 1 in that year. For another example, the article in 233945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1988 said that DST started at 2:00 AM in that year. 234045ba3153SMarcel Telka 23419a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27): 23429a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 1. According to official announcement from Korean government, the DST end 23439a0f2271SDominik Hassler# date in South Korea should be 23449a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 1955-09-08 without specifying time 23459a0f2271SDominik Hassler# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027977557 23469a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 1956-09-29 without specifying time 23479a0f2271SDominik Hassler# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027978341 23489a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 1957-09-21 24 o'clock 23499a0f2271SDominik Hassler# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027979690#3 23509a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 1958-09-20 24 o'clock 23519a0f2271SDominik Hassler# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027981189 23529a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 1959-09-19 24 o'clock 23539a0f2271SDominik Hassler# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027982974#2 23549a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 1960-09-17 24 o'clock 23559a0f2271SDominik Hassler# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0028044104 23569a0f2271SDominik Hassler# ... 23579a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 2.... https://namu.wiki/w/대한민국%20표준시 ... [says] 23589a0f2271SDominik Hassler# when Korea was using GMT+8:30 as standard time, the international 23599a0f2271SDominik Hassler# aviation/marine/meteorological industry in the country refused to 23609a0f2271SDominik Hassler# follow and continued to use GMT+9:00 for interoperability. 23619a0f2271SDominik Hassler 23629a0f2271SDominik Hassler 236345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 236445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule ROK 1948 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 23659a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule ROK 1948 only - Sep 12 24:00 0 S 236645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule ROK 1949 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 D 23679a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule ROK 1949 1951 - Sep Sat>=7 24:00 0 S 236845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule ROK 1950 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 236945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule ROK 1951 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D 237045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule ROK 1955 only - May 5 0:00 1:00 D 23719a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule ROK 1955 only - Sep 8 24:00 0 S 237245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule ROK 1956 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D 23739a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule ROK 1956 only - Sep 29 24:00 0 S 237445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule ROK 1957 1960 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D 23759a0f2271SDominik HasslerRule ROK 1957 1960 - Sep Sat>=17 24:00 0 S 237645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D 237745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 3:00 0 S 237845ba3153SMarcel Telka 237945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2016-08-23): 238045ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Korean Wikipedia entry gives the following sources for UT offsets: 238145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 238245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1908: Official Journal Article No. 3994 (decree No. 5) 238345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1912: Governor-General of Korea Official Gazette Issue No. 367 238445ba3153SMarcel Telka# (Announcement No. 338) 238545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1954: Presidential Decree No. 876 (1954-03-17) 238645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1961: Law No. 676 (1961-08-07) 238745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 238845ba3153SMarcel Telka# (Another source "1987: Law No. 3919 (1986-12-31)" was in the 2014-10-30 238945ba3153SMarcel Telka# edition of the Korean Wikipedia entry.) 239045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 239145ba3153SMarcel Telka# I guessed that time zone abbreviations through 1945 followed the same 239245ba3153SMarcel Telka# rules as discussed under Taiwan, with nominal switches from JST to KST 239345ba3153SMarcel Telka# when the respective cities were taken over by the Allies after WWII. 239445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 239545ba3153SMarcel Telka# For Pyongyang, guess no changes from World War II until 2015, as we 239645ba3153SMarcel Telka# have no information otherwise. 239745ba3153SMarcel Telka 239845ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-08-07): 239945ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to many news sources, North Korea is going to change to 240045ba3153SMarcel Telka# the 8:30 time zone on August 15, one example: 240145ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-33815049 240245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 240345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2015-08-15): 240445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Bells rang out midnight (00:00) Friday as part of the celebrations. See: 240545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Talmadge E. North Korea celebrates new time zone, 'Pyongyang Time' 240645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://news.yahoo.com/north-korea-celebrates-time-zone-pyongyang-time-164038128.html 240745ba3153SMarcel Telka# There is no common English-language abbreviation for this time zone. 240845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Use KST, as that's what we already use for 1954-1961 in ROK. 240945ba3153SMarcel Telka 24108e22b25cSYuri Pankov# From Kang Seonghoon (2018-04-29): 24118e22b25cSYuri Pankov# North Korea will revert its time zone from UTC+8:30 (PYT; Pyongyang 24128e22b25cSYuri Pankov# Time) back to UTC+9 (KST; Korea Standard Time). 24138e22b25cSYuri Pankov# 24148e22b25cSYuri Pankov# From Seo Sanghyeon (2018-04-30): 24158e22b25cSYuri Pankov# Rodong Sinmun 2018-04-30 announced Pyongyang Time transition plan. 24168e22b25cSYuri Pankov# https://www.nknews.org/kcna/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2018/04/rodong-2018-04-30.pdf 24178e22b25cSYuri Pankov# ... the transition date is 2018-05-05 ... Citation should be Decree 24188e22b25cSYuri Pankov# No. 2232 of April 30, 2018, of the Presidium of the Supreme People's 24198e22b25cSYuri Pankov# Assembly, as published in Rodong Sinmun. 24208e22b25cSYuri Pankov# From Tim Parenti (2018-04-29): 24218e22b25cSYuri Pankov# It appears to be the front page story at the top in the right-most column. 24229b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 24239b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2018-05-04): 24249b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# The BBC reported that the transition was from 23:30 to 24:00 today. 24259b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-44010705 24268e22b25cSYuri Pankov 2427*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 242845ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1908 Apr 1 242945ba3153SMarcel Telka 8:30 - KST 1912 Jan 1 243045ba3153SMarcel Telka 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 8 2431*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman 9:00 ROK K%sT 1954 Mar 21 243245ba3153SMarcel Telka 8:30 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 243345ba3153SMarcel Telka 9:00 ROK K%sT 243445ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1908 Apr 1 243545ba3153SMarcel Telka 8:30 - KST 1912 Jan 1 243645ba3153SMarcel Telka 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 24 243745ba3153SMarcel Telka 9:00 - KST 2015 Aug 15 00:00 24389b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 8:30 - KST 2018 May 4 23:30 24398e22b25cSYuri Pankov 9:00 - KST 244045ba3153SMarcel Telka 244145ba3153SMarcel Telka############################################################################### 244245ba3153SMarcel Telka 244345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Kuwait 244445ba3153SMarcel Telka# See Asia/Riyadh. 244545ba3153SMarcel Telka 244645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Laos 244745ba3153SMarcel Telka# See Asia/Bangkok. 244845ba3153SMarcel Telka 244945ba3153SMarcel Telka 245045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Lebanon 245145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 245245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 245345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 245445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 245545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 245645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 245745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 245845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 245945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 246045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 246145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 246245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 246345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 246445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 246545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 246645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 246745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 246845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 246945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 247045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 247145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 247245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 247345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 247445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 247545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 2476*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 247745ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 247845ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 247945ba3153SMarcel Telka 248045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Malaysia 248145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 24828e22b25cSYuri PankovRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 - 248345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 248445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 248545ba3153SMarcel Telka# peninsular Malaysia 248645ba3153SMarcel Telka# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 248745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html 2488*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 248945ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 249045ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 2491489eee58SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1933 Jan 1 2492489eee58SDan McDonald 7:00 0:20 +0720 1936 Jan 1 2493489eee58SDan McDonald 7:20 - +0720 1941 Sep 1 2494489eee58SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1942 Feb 16 2495489eee58SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12 2496489eee58SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1982 Jan 1 2497489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 249845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Sabah & Sarawak 249945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12): 250045ba3153SMarcel Telka# The data entries here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 250145ba3153SMarcel Telka# and 1982 transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 2502*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 250345ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 2504489eee58SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1933 2505489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 NBorneo +08/+0820 1942 Feb 16 2506489eee58SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12 2507489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 250845ba3153SMarcel Telka 250945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Maldives 2510*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 251180ca1ec9SYuri PankovZone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Malé 251280ca1ec9SYuri Pankov 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Malé Mean Time 2513489eee58SDan McDonald 5:00 - +05 251445ba3153SMarcel Telka 251545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Mongolia 251645ba3153SMarcel Telka 251745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 251845ba3153SMarcel Telka# The USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World 251945ba3153SMarcel Telka# (2005-03) both say that it has just one. 252045ba3153SMarcel Telka 252145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 252245ba3153SMarcel Telka# General Information Mongolia 252345ba3153SMarcel Telka# <http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm> (1999-09) 252445ba3153SMarcel Telka# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 252545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Bayan-Ölgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 252645ba3153SMarcel Telka# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 252745ba3153SMarcel Telka# eight hours." 252845ba3153SMarcel Telka 252945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 253045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 253145ba3153SMarcel Telka# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 253245ba3153SMarcel Telka# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 253345ba3153SMarcel Telka# of implementation may have been different.... 253445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 253545ba3153SMarcel Telka# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 253645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Sükhbaatar, and possibly Khentii. 253745ba3153SMarcel Telka 253845ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 253945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 254045ba3153SMarcel Telka# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 254145ba3153SMarcel Telka# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 254245ba3153SMarcel Telka# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 254345ba3153SMarcel Telka# is good enough for our purposes. 254445ba3153SMarcel Telka 254545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 254645ba3153SMarcel Telka# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 254745ba3153SMarcel Telka# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 254845ba3153SMarcel Telka# there are three time zones. 254945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 255045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-Ölgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 255145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khövsgöl, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Töv, 255245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Bayankhongor, Övörkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Ömnögovi 255345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sükhbaatar 255445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 255545ba3153SMarcel Telka# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 255645ba3153SMarcel Telka 255745ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 255845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 255945ba3153SMarcel Telka# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 256045ba3153SMarcel Telka# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 256145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 256245ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 256345ba3153SMarcel Telka# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 256445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 256545ba3153SMarcel Telka 256645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 256745ba3153SMarcel Telka# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 256845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 256945ba3153SMarcel Telka# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 257045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykänen (2005-05-16) reports that 257145ba3153SMarcel Telka# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UT +07, +08) with no DST. 257245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 257345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 257445ba3153SMarcel Telka# He also found 257545ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1& 257645ba3153SMarcel Telka# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 257745ba3153SMarcel Telka# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 257845ba3153SMarcel Telka# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 257945ba3153SMarcel Telka# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sükhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 258045ba3153SMarcel Telka# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 258145ba3153SMarcel Telka# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 258245ba3153SMarcel Telka# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 258345ba3153SMarcel Telka 258445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 258545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 258645ba3153SMarcel Telka# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 258745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 258845ba3153SMarcel Telka 258945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 259045ba3153SMarcel Telka# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 259145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 259245ba3153SMarcel Telka# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 259345ba3153SMarcel Telka# database on this, e.g.: 259445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2595226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 259645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 259745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 259845ba3153SMarcel Telka# both say GMT+08:00. 259945ba3153SMarcel Telka 260045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 260145ba3153SMarcel Telka# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 260245ba3153SMarcel Telka# schedule here: 260345ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 260445ba3153SMarcel Telka# (click the English flag for English) 260545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 260645ba3153SMarcel Telka# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbaatar arrive 260745ba3153SMarcel Telka# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 260845ba3153SMarcel Telka# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khovd takes 2 hours in the Eastern 260945ba3153SMarcel Telka# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbaatar and Khovd are 261045ba3153SMarcel Telka# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 261145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Ulaanbaatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 261245ba3153SMarcel Telka 261345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 261445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 261545ba3153SMarcel Telka# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 261645ba3153SMarcel Telka# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 261745ba3153SMarcel Telka# this is almost surely wrong. 261845ba3153SMarcel Telka 261945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Ganbold Tsagaankhuu (2015-03-10): 262045ba3153SMarcel Telka# It seems like yesterday Mongolian Government meeting has concluded to use 262145ba3153SMarcel Telka# daylight saving time in Mongolia.... Starting at 2:00AM of last Saturday of 262245ba3153SMarcel Telka# March 2015, daylight saving time starts. And 00:00AM of last Saturday of 262345ba3153SMarcel Telka# September daylight saving time ends. Source: 262445ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://zasag.mn/news/view/8969 262545ba3153SMarcel Telka 262645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 26278e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 - 262845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 262945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 263045ba3153SMarcel Telka# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 263145ba3153SMarcel Telka# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 263245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 263345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 263445ba3153SMarcel Telka# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sükhbaatar) took place 263545ba3153SMarcel Telka# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 263645ba3153SMarcel Telka# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 263745ba3153SMarcel Telka# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 263845ba3153SMarcel Telka# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 263945ba3153SMarcel Telka 2640489eee58SDan McDonald# From Ganbold Tsagaankhuu (2017-02-09): 2641489eee58SDan McDonald# Mongolian Government meeting has concluded today to cancel daylight 2642489eee58SDan McDonald# saving time adoption in Mongolia. Source: http://zasag.mn/news/view/16192 2643489eee58SDan McDonald 26448e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 - 264545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 264645ba3153SMarcel Telka# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 26478e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 - 264845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 26498e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 - 26508e22b25cSYuri PankovRule Mongol 2015 2016 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 - 2651489eee58SDan McDonaldRule Mongol 2015 2016 - Sep lastSat 0:00 0 - 265245ba3153SMarcel Telka 2653*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 265445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 265545ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 2656489eee58SDan McDonald 6:00 - +06 1978 2657489eee58SDan McDonald 7:00 Mongol +07/+08 265845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 265945ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 2660489eee58SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1978 2661489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 Mongol +08/+09 266245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tümen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 266345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 266445ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 2665489eee58SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1978 2666489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1983 Apr 2667489eee58SDan McDonald 9:00 Mongol +09/+10 2008 Mar 31 2668489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 Mongol +08/+09 266945ba3153SMarcel Telka 267045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Nepal 2671*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 267245ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 2673489eee58SDan McDonald 5:30 - +0530 1986 2674489eee58SDan McDonald 5:45 - +0545 267545ba3153SMarcel Telka 267645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Oman 267745ba3153SMarcel Telka# See Asia/Dubai. 267845ba3153SMarcel Telka 267945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Pakistan 268045ba3153SMarcel Telka 268145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 268245ba3153SMarcel Telka# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 268345ba3153SMarcel Telka# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 268445ba3153SMarcel Telka# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 268545ba3153SMarcel Telka# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 268645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 268745ba3153SMarcel Telka 268845ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 268945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Jesper Nørgaard found this URL: 269045ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 269145ba3153SMarcel Telka# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 269245ba3153SMarcel Telka# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 269345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 269445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 269545ba3153SMarcel Telka# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 269645ba3153SMarcel Telka# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 269745ba3153SMarcel Telka# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 269845ba3153SMarcel Telka# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 269945ba3153SMarcel Telka 270045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 270145ba3153SMarcel Telka# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 270245ba3153SMarcel Telka# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 270345ba3153SMarcel Telka 270445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 270545ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 270645ba3153SMarcel Telka# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 270745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 270845ba3153SMarcel Telka# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 270945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 271045ba3153SMarcel Telka# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 271145ba3153SMarcel Telka# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 271245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 271345ba3153SMarcel Telka# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 271445ba3153SMarcel Telka# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 271545ba3153SMarcel Telka 271645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 271745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 271845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 271945ba3153SMarcel Telka# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 272045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 272145ba3153SMarcel Telka# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to 272245ba3153SMarcel Telka# help reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 272345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 9pm and moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. ...." 272445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2725226a4d14SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 272645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 272745ba3153SMarcel Telka 272845ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 272945ba3153SMarcel Telka# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 273045ba3153SMarcel Telka 273145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 273245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 273345ba3153SMarcel Telka# for another 2 months - plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 273445ba3153SMarcel Telka# instead of August 31. 273545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 273645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 273745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 273845ba3153SMarcel Telka 273945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 274045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 274145ba3153SMarcel Telka# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 274245ba3153SMarcel Telka# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 274345ba3153SMarcel Telka# official working." 274445ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 274545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 274645ba3153SMarcel Telka# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 274745ba3153SMarcel Telka# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 274845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 274945ba3153SMarcel Telka# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 275045ba3153SMarcel Telka# April 08, 2009 275145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 275245ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 275345ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 275445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 275545ba3153SMarcel Telka# .... 275645ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 275745ba3153SMarcel Telka# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 275845ba3153SMarcel Telka# conserve energy" 275945ba3153SMarcel Telka 276045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17): 276145ba3153SMarcel Telka# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal 276245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the 276345ba3153SMarcel Telka# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to 276445ba3153SMarcel Telka# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in 276545ba3153SMarcel Telka# this regard." 276645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168 276745ba3153SMarcel Telka 276845ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28): 276945ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 277045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from 277145ba3153SMarcel Telka# October 1, 2009. 277245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 277345ba3153SMarcel Telka# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct" 277445ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2 277545ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm 277645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 277745ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29): 277845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date: 277945ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742 278045ba3153SMarcel Telka# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1. 278145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on 278245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Monday." 278345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 278445ba3153SMarcel Telka# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year: 278545ba3153SMarcel Telka# "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour 278645ba3153SMarcel Telka# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without 278745ba3153SMarcel Telka# obtaining prior approval, the officials added." 278845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 278945ba3153SMarcel Telka# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of 279045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company: 2791226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html 279245ba3153SMarcel Telka 279345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Christoph Göhre (2009-10-01): 279445ba3153SMarcel Telka# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan 279545ba3153SMarcel Telka# will go back to standard time on 1st of November. 279645ba3153SMarcel Telka 279745ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26): 279845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Steffen Thorsen wrote: 279945ba3153SMarcel Telka# > On Thursday (2010-03-25) it was announced that DST would start in 280045ba3153SMarcel Telka# > Pakistan on 2010-04-01. 280145ba3153SMarcel Telka# > 280245ba3153SMarcel Telka# > Then today, the president said that they might have to revert the 280345ba3153SMarcel Telka# > decision if it is not supported by the parliament. So at the time 280445ba3153SMarcel Telka# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but 280545ba3153SMarcel Telka# > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15. 280645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final: 280745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 280845ba3153SMarcel Telka# "Govt Withdraws Plan To Advance Clocks" 280945ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041 281045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 281145ba3153SMarcel Telka# "People laud PM's announcement to end DST" 281245ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2 281345ba3153SMarcel Telka 281445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 281545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:00 1:00 S 281645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - 281745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 281845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Pakistan 2008 2009 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 281945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 282045ba3153SMarcel Telka 2821*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 282245ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 2823489eee58SDan McDonald 5:30 - +0530 1942 Sep 2824489eee58SDan McDonald 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 15 2825489eee58SDan McDonald 5:30 - +0530 1951 Sep 30 2826489eee58SDan McDonald 5:00 - +05 1971 Mar 26 282745ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 282845ba3153SMarcel Telka 282945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Palestine 283045ba3153SMarcel Telka 283145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 283245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 283345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 283445ba3153SMarcel Telka# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 283545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 283645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 283745ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 283845ba3153SMarcel Telka# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 283945ba3153SMarcel Telka# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 284045ba3153SMarcel Telka# though. 284145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 284245ba3153SMarcel Telka# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 284345ba3153SMarcel Telka# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 284445ba3153SMarcel Telka# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 284545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 284645ba3153SMarcel Telka# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 284745ba3153SMarcel Telka# East Jerusalem. 284845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 284945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 285045ba3153SMarcel Telka# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 285145ba3153SMarcel Telka# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 285245ba3153SMarcel Telka# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 285345ba3153SMarcel Telka# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 285445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 285545ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 285645ba3153SMarcel Telka# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 285745ba3153SMarcel Telka# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 285845ba3153SMarcel Telka# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 285945ba3153SMarcel Telka# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 286045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Jordanian one). 286145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 286245ba3153SMarcel Telka# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 286345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 286445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 286545ba3153SMarcel Telka# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 286645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 286745ba3153SMarcel Telka# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 286845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 286945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 287045ba3153SMarcel Telka# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 287145ba3153SMarcel Telka# have one). 287245ba3153SMarcel Telka 287345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 287445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 287545ba3153SMarcel Telka# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 287645ba3153SMarcel Telka# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 287745ba3153SMarcel Telka# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 287845ba3153SMarcel Telka# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 287945ba3153SMarcel Telka# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 288045ba3153SMarcel Telka# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 288145ba3153SMarcel Telka# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 288245ba3153SMarcel Telka# to Palestine's rules. 288345ba3153SMarcel Telka 288445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 288545ba3153SMarcel Telka# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 288645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 288745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 288845ba3153SMarcel Telka# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 288945ba3153SMarcel Telka# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 289045ba3153SMarcel Telka# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 289145ba3153SMarcel Telka 289245ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 289345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Daoud Kuttab writes in Holiday havoc 289445ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html 289545ba3153SMarcel Telka# (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 289645ba3153SMarcel Telka# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 289745ba3153SMarcel Telka# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 289845ba3153SMarcel Telka# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 289945ba3153SMarcel Telka# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 290045ba3153SMarcel Telka 290145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 290245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 290345ba3153SMarcel Telka 290445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 290545ba3153SMarcel Telka# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 290645ba3153SMarcel Telka# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 290745ba3153SMarcel Telka# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 290845ba3153SMarcel Telka# earlier - the same goes for Jordan. 290945ba3153SMarcel Telka 291045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 291145ba3153SMarcel Telka# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 291245ba3153SMarcel Telka# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 291345ba3153SMarcel Telka# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 291445ba3153SMarcel Telka# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 291545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 291645ba3153SMarcel Telka# the West Bank. 291745ba3153SMarcel Telka 291845ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 291945ba3153SMarcel Telka# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 292045ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 292145ba3153SMarcel Telka# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 292245ba3153SMarcel Telka# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 292345ba3153SMarcel Telka# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 292445ba3153SMarcel Telka# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 292545ba3153SMarcel Telka# because of the Ramadan. 292645ba3153SMarcel Telka 292745ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 292845ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 292945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 293045ba3153SMarcel Telka 293145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 293245ba3153SMarcel Telka# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 293345ba3153SMarcel Telka# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 293445ba3153SMarcel Telka# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 293545ba3153SMarcel Telka# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 293645ba3153SMarcel Telka# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 293745ba3153SMarcel Telka 293845ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 293945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 294045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 294145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 294245ba3153SMarcel Telka# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 294345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 294445ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 294545ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 294645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 294745ba3153SMarcel Telka 294845ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 294945ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 295045ba3153SMarcel Telka# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 295145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 295245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 295345ba3153SMarcel Telka# (in Arabic) 295445ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 295545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 295645ba3153SMarcel Telka# (English translation) 295745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 295845ba3153SMarcel Telka 295945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31): 296045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to 296145ba3153SMarcel Telka# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04. 296245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 296345ba3153SMarcel Telka# One news source: 296445ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158 296545ba3153SMarcel Telka# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic), 296645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah 296745ba3153SMarcel Telka# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of 296845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty 296945ba3153SMarcel Telka# minutes per hour as of Friday morning." 297045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 297145ba3153SMarcel Telka# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different 297245ba3153SMarcel Telka# end date, we will keep this page updated: 2973226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html 297445ba3153SMarcel Telka 297545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02): 297645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank. 297745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 297845ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan 297945ba3153SMarcel Telka# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009. 298045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 298145ba3153SMarcel Telka# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza" 298245ba3153SMarcel Telka# (from Palestinian National Authority): 298345ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 298445ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html 298545ba3153SMarcel Telka 298645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19): 298745ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to Voice of Palestine DST will last for 191 days, from March 298845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 26, 2010 till "the last Sunday before the tenth day of Tishri 298945ba3153SMarcel Telka# (October), each year" (October 03, 2010?) 299045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 299145ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697 299245ba3153SMarcel Telka# (in Arabic) 299345ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html 299445ba3153SMarcel Telka 299545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24): 299645ba3153SMarcel Telka# ...Ma'an News Agency reports that Hamas cabinet has decided it will 299745ba3153SMarcel Telka# start one day later, at 12:01am. Not sure if they really mean 12:01am or 299845ba3153SMarcel Telka# noon though: 299945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 300045ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178 300145ba3153SMarcel Telka# (Ma'an News Agency) 300245ba3153SMarcel Telka# "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to 300345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning." 300445ba3153SMarcel Telka 300545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11): 300645ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to several sources, including 300745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795 300845ba3153SMarcel Telka# the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in 300945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Gaza and the West Bank. 301045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Some more background info: 3011226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html 301245ba3153SMarcel Telka 301345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26): 301445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of 301545ba3153SMarcel Telka# August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30 301645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 00:00 (so two periods of DST in 2011). The pause was because of 301745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Ramadan. 301845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 301945ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217 302045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Additional info: 3021226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html 302245ba3153SMarcel Telka 302345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27): 302445ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to the article in The Jerusalem Post: 302545ba3153SMarcel Telka# "...Earlier this month, the Palestinian government in the West Bank decided to 302645ba3153SMarcel Telka# move to standard time for 30 days, during Ramadan. The Palestinians in the 302745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Gaza Strip accepted the change and also moved their clocks one hour back. 302845ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after 302945ba3153SMarcel Telka# the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..." 303045ba3153SMarcel Telka# ... 3031226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650 303245ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html 303345ba3153SMarcel Telka# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the 'africa' file. 303445ba3153SMarcel Telka 303545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30): 303645ba3153SMarcel Telka# West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30 303745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 00:00). 303845ba3153SMarcel Telka# So West Bank and Gaza now have the same time again. 303945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 304045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Many sources, including: 304145ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808 304245ba3153SMarcel Telka 304345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 304445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST 304545ba3153SMarcel Telka# on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00). 304645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Some of many sources in Arabic: 304745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638 304845ba3153SMarcel Telka# 304945ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html 305045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 305145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Our brief summary: 3052226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html 305345ba3153SMarcel Telka 305445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26): 305545ba3153SMarcel Telka# The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving 305645ba3153SMarcel Telka# time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated). 305745ba3153SMarcel Telka# [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.] 305845ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120 305945ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-29-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A.html 306045ba3153SMarcel Telka 306145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-24): 306245ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Gaza and West Bank are ending DST Thursday at midnight 306345ba3153SMarcel Telka# (2013-09-27 00:00:00) (one hour earlier than last year...). 306445ba3153SMarcel Telka# This source in English, says "that winter time will go into effect 306545ba3153SMarcel Telka# at midnight on Thursday in the West Bank and Gaza Strip": 306645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=23246 306745ba3153SMarcel Telka# official source...: 306845ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/ar/Views/ViewDetails.aspx?pid=1252 306945ba3153SMarcel Telka 307045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-03-03): 307145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Sources such as http://www.alquds.com/news/article/view/id/548257 3072226a4d14SYuri Pankov# and https://www.raya.ps/ar/news/890705.html say Palestine areas will 307345ba3153SMarcel Telka# start DST on 2015-03-28 00:00 which is one day later than expected. 307445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 307545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2015-03-03): 3076226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/ramallah?year=2014 307745ba3153SMarcel Telka# says that the fall 2014 transition was Oct 23 at 24:00. 307845ba3153SMarcel Telka 307945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Hannah Kreitem (2016-03-09): 308045ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/WebSite/ar/ViewDetails?ID=31728 308145ba3153SMarcel Telka# [Google translation]: "The Council also decided to start daylight 308245ba3153SMarcel Telka# saving in Palestine as of one o'clock on Saturday morning, 308345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2016-03-26, to provide the clock 60 minutes ahead." 308445ba3153SMarcel Telka 308545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Sharef Mustafa (2016-10-19): 308645ba3153SMarcel Telka# [T]he Palestinian cabinet decision (Mar 8th 2016) published on 308745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/WebSite/Upload/Decree/GOV_17/16032016134830.pdf 308845ba3153SMarcel Telka# states that summer time will end on Oct 29th at 01:00. 308945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 309045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Tim Parenti (2016-10-19): 309145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Predict fall transitions on October's last Saturday at 01:00 from now on. 309245ba3153SMarcel Telka# This is consistent with the 2016 transition as well as our spring 309345ba3153SMarcel Telka# predictions. 309445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 309545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2016-10-19): 309645ba3153SMarcel Telka# It's also consistent with predictions in the following URLs today: 3097226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/gaza-strip/gaza 3098226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/hebron 309945ba3153SMarcel Telka 31008e22b25cSYuri Pankov# From Sharef Mustafa (2018-03-16): 31018e22b25cSYuri Pankov# Palestine summer time will start on Mar 24th 2018 by advancing the 31028e22b25cSYuri Pankov# clock by 60 minutes as per Palestinian cabinet decision published on 31038e22b25cSYuri Pankov# the official website, though the decree did not specify the exact 31048e22b25cSYuri Pankov# time of the time shift. 31058e22b25cSYuri Pankov# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e7a42ab7-ee23-435a-b9c8-a4f7e81f3817 31069a0f2271SDominik Hassler 31079a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Even Scharning (2019-03-23): 3108*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# http://pnn.ps/news/401130 3109*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# http://palweather.ps/ar/node/50136.html 31108e22b25cSYuri Pankov# 3111*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# From Sharif Mustafa (2019-03-26): 3112*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# The Palestinian cabinet announced today that the switch to DST will 3113*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# be on Fri Mar 29th 2019 by advancing the clock by 60 minutes. 3114*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# The decree signing date is Mar 12th but it was not published till today. 3115*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# The decree does not specify the exact time of switch. 3116*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# http://palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e54e9ea1-50ee-4137-84df-0d6c78da259b 3117*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# 3118*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# From Even Scharning (2019-04-10): 3119*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Our source in Palestine said it happened Friday 29 at 00:00 local time.... 3120*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# 3121*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2019-04-10): 3122*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# For now, guess spring-ahead transitions are March's last Friday at 00:00. 31238e22b25cSYuri Pankov 312445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 312545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 312645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 312745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 312845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 312945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 313045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 313145ba3153SMarcel Telka 313245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 313345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 313445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 313545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 313645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2006 2007 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 313745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 313845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2007 only - Sep Thu>=8 2:00 0 - 313945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2008 2009 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 314045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 314145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2009 only - Sep Fri>=1 1:00 0 - 314245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2010 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 314345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 314445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2011 only - Apr 1 0:01 1:00 S 314545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 314645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 30 0:00 1:00 S 314745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2011 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 314845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2012 2014 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 314945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2012 only - Sep 21 1:00 0 - 315045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2013 only - Sep Fri>=21 0:00 0 - 315145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2014 2015 - Oct Fri>=21 0:00 0 - 315245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2015 only - Mar lastFri 24:00 1:00 S 3153*337881e8SAndy FiddamanRule Palestine 2016 2018 - Mar Sat>=24 1:00 1:00 S 315445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Palestine 2016 max - Oct lastSat 1:00 0 - 3155*337881e8SAndy FiddamanRule Palestine 2019 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 315645ba3153SMarcel Telka 3157*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 315845ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 3159489eee58SDan McDonald 2:00 Zion EET/EEST 1948 May 15 316045ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 316145ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 316245ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 316345ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00 316445ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep 316545ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010 316645ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01 316745ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1 316845ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 - EET 2012 316945ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 317045ba3153SMarcel Telka 317145ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct 3172489eee58SDan McDonald 2:00 Zion EET/EEST 1948 May 15 317345ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 317445ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 317545ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 317645ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 317745ba3153SMarcel Telka 317845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Paracel Is 317945ba3153SMarcel Telka# no information 318045ba3153SMarcel Telka 318145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Philippines 31829a0f2271SDominik Hassler 31839a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18): 31849a0f2271SDominik Hassler# The Spanish initially used American (west-of-Greenwich) time. 31859a0f2271SDominik Hassler# It is unknown what time Manila kept when the British occupied it from 31869a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 1762-10-06 through 1764-04; for now assume it kept American time. 318745ba3153SMarcel Telka# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Clavería, governor-general of the 318845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 318945ba3153SMarcel Telka# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01; see R.H. van Gent's 319045ba3153SMarcel Telka# History of the International Date Line 3191226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_philippines.htm 319245ba3153SMarcel Telka# The rest of the data entries are from Shanks & Pottenger. 319345ba3153SMarcel Telka 319445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 319545ba3153SMarcel Telka# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 319645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 319745ba3153SMarcel Telka# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 319845ba3153SMarcel Telka# but no details] 319945ba3153SMarcel Telka 320045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-14): 320145ba3153SMarcel Telka# The following source says DST may be instituted November-January and again 320245ba3153SMarcel Telka# March-June, but this is not definite. It also says DST was last proclaimed 320345ba3153SMarcel Telka# during the Ramos administration (1992-1998); but again, no details. 320445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Carcamo D. PNoy urged to declare use of daylight saving time. 320545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Philippine Star 2014-08-05 320645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2014/08/05/1354152/pnoy-urged-declare-use-daylight-saving-time 320745ba3153SMarcel Telka 32089b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Goyette (2018-06-15): 32099b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# In the Philippines, there is a national law, Republic Act No. 10535 32109b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# which declares the official time here as "Philippine Standard Time". 32119b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# The act [1] even specifies use of PST as the abbreviation, although 32129b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# the FAQ provided by PAGASA [2] uses the "acronym PhST to distinguish 32139b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# it from the Pacific Standard Time (PST)." 32149b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# [1] http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/05/15/republic-act-no-10535/ 32159b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# [2] https://www1.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/index.php/astronomy/philippine-standard-time#republic-act-10535 32169b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 32179b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2018-06-19): 32189b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# I surveyed recent news reports, and my impression is that "PST" is 32199b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# more popular among reliable English-language news sources. This is 32209b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# not just a measure of Google hit counts: it's also the sizes and 32219b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# influence of the sources. There is no current abbreviation for DST, 32229b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# so use "PDT", the usual American style. 32239b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 322445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 32259b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 D 32269b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 S 32279b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 D 32289b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S 32299b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 32309b6c1413SAndy FiddamanRule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 3231*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 323245ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 323345ba3153SMarcel Telka 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 32349b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 8:00 Phil P%sT 1942 May 32359b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 32369b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman 8:00 Phil P%sT 323745ba3153SMarcel Telka 323845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Qatar 3239*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 324045ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 3241489eee58SDan McDonald 4:00 - +04 1972 Jun 3242489eee58SDan McDonald 3:00 - +03 324345ba3153SMarcel TelkaLink Asia/Qatar Asia/Bahrain 324445ba3153SMarcel Telka 324545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Saudi Arabia 324645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 32479b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2018-08-29): 324845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Time in Saudi Arabia and other countries in the Arabian peninsula was not 32499b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# standardized until 1968 or so; we don't know exactly when, and possibly it 325045ba3153SMarcel Telka# has never been made official. Richard P Hunt, in "Islam city yielding to 325145ba3153SMarcel Telka# modern times", New York Times (1961-04-09), p 20, wrote that only airlines 325245ba3153SMarcel Telka# observed standard time, and that people in Jeddah mostly observed quasi-solar 325345ba3153SMarcel Telka# time, doing so by setting their watches at sunrise to 6 o'clock (or to 12 325445ba3153SMarcel Telka# o'clock for "Arab" time). 325545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 32569b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Timekeeping differed depending on who you were and which part of Saudi 32579b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Arabia you were in. In 1969, Elias Antar wrote that although a common 32589b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# practice had been to set one's watch to 12:00 (i.e., midnight) at sunset - 32599b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# which meant that the time on one side of a mountain could differ greatly from 32609b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# the time on the other side - many foreigners set their watches to 6pm 32619b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# instead, while airlines instead used UTC +03 (except in Dhahran, where they 32629b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# used UTC +04), Aramco used UTC +03 with DST, and the Trans-Arabian Pipe Line 32639b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Company used Aramco time in eastern Saudi Arabia and airline time in western. 32649b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# (The American Military Aid Advisory Group used plain UTC.) Antar writes, 32659b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# "A man named Higgins, so the story goes, used to run a local power 32669b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# station. One day, the whole thing became too much for Higgins and he 32679b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# assembled his staff and laid down the law. 'I've had enough of this,' he 32689b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# shrieked. 'It is now 12 o'clock Higgins Time, and from now on this station is 32699b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# going to run on Higgins Time.' And so, until last year, it did." See: 32709b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# Antar E. Dinner at When? Saudi Aramco World, 1969 March/April. 2-3. 32719b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# http://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/196902/dinner.at.when.htm 32729a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Also see: Antar EN. Arabian flying is confusing. 32739a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Port Angeles (WA) Evening News. 1965-03-10. page 3. 32749b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# 327545ba3153SMarcel Telka# The TZ database cannot represent quasi-solar time; airline time is the best 327645ba3153SMarcel Telka# we can do. The 1946 foreign air news digest of the U.S. Civil Aeronautics 327745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Board (OCLC 42299995) reported that the "... Arabian Government, inaugurated 327845ba3153SMarcel Telka# a weekly Dhahran-Cairo service, via the Saudi Arabian cities of Riyadh and 327945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Jidda, on March 14, 1947". Shanks & Pottenger guessed 1950; go with the 328045ba3153SMarcel Telka# earlier date. 328145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 328245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Shanks & Pottenger also state that until 1968-05-01 Saudi Arabia had two 328345ba3153SMarcel Telka# time zones; the other zone, at UT +04, was in the far eastern part of 32849b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# the country. Presumably this is documenting airline time. Ignore this, 32859b6c1413SAndy Fiddaman# as it's before our 1970 cutoff. 328645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 3287*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 328845ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1947 Mar 14 3289489eee58SDan McDonald 3:00 - +03 329045ba3153SMarcel TelkaLink Asia/Riyadh Asia/Aden # Yemen 329145ba3153SMarcel TelkaLink Asia/Riyadh Asia/Kuwait 329245ba3153SMarcel Telka 329345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Singapore 329445ba3153SMarcel Telka# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 329545ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html 3296*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 329745ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 329845ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 3299489eee58SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1933 Jan 1 3300489eee58SDan McDonald 7:00 0:20 +0720 1936 Jan 1 3301489eee58SDan McDonald 7:20 - +0720 1941 Sep 1 3302489eee58SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1942 Feb 16 3303489eee58SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12 3304489eee58SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1982 Jan 1 3305489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 330645ba3153SMarcel Telka 330745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Spratly Is 330845ba3153SMarcel Telka# no information 330945ba3153SMarcel Telka 331045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Sri Lanka 331145ba3153SMarcel Telka 331245ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 331345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898. Prior to this Colombo 331445ba3153SMarcel Telka# mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used." But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably 331545ba3153SMarcel Telka# from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with 331645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Shanks and Pottenger. 331745ba3153SMarcel Telka 331845ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 331945ba3153SMarcel Telka# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 332045ba3153SMarcel Telka# (<http://www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html>, 1996-05-24, 332145ba3153SMarcel Telka# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 332245ba3153SMarcel Telka# reported "the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 332345ba3153SMarcel Telka# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) 'in the light of the present power crisis'." 332445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 332545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 332645ba3153SMarcel Telka# by Shamindra in Daily News - Hot News Section 332745ba3153SMarcel Telka# <news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net> (1996-10-26): 332845ba3153SMarcel Telka# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 332945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 333045ba3153SMarcel Telka 333145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 333245ba3153SMarcel Telka# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 333345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 333445ba3153SMarcel Telka# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 333545ba3153SMarcel Telka 333645ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 333745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML 333845ba3153SMarcel Telka# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 333945ba3153SMarcel Telka# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 334045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 334145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 334245ba3153SMarcel Telka# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 334345ba3153SMarcel Telka# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 334445ba3153SMarcel Telka 334545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Sadika Sumanapala (2016-10-19): 334645ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to http://www.sltime.org (maintained by Measurement Units, 334745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Standards & Services Department, Sri Lanka) abbreviation for Sri Lanka 334845ba3153SMarcel Telka# standard time is SLST. 334945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 335045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2016-10-18): 335145ba3153SMarcel Telka# "SLST" seems to be reasonably recent and rarely-used outside time 335245ba3153SMarcel Telka# zone nerd sources. I searched Google News and found three uses of 335345ba3153SMarcel Telka# it in the International Business Times of India in February and 335445ba3153SMarcel Telka# March of this year when discussing cricket match times, but nothing 335545ba3153SMarcel Telka# since then (though there has been a lot of cricket) and nothing in 335645ba3153SMarcel Telka# other English-language news sources. Our old abbreviation "LKT" is 335745ba3153SMarcel Telka# even worse. For now, let's use a numeric abbreviation; we can 335845ba3153SMarcel Telka# switch to "SLST" if it catches on. 335945ba3153SMarcel Telka 3360*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 336145ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 336245ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 336345ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:30 - +0530 1942 Jan 5 3364489eee58SDan McDonald 5:30 0:30 +06 1942 Sep 3365489eee58SDan McDonald 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 16 2:00 336645ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:30 - +0530 1996 May 25 0:00 336745ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:30 - +0630 1996 Oct 26 0:30 336845ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:00 - +06 2006 Apr 15 0:30 336945ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:30 - +0530 337045ba3153SMarcel Telka 337145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Syria 337245ba3153SMarcel Telka# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 337345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 337445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 337545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 337645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 337745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 337845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 337945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 338045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 338145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 338245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 338345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 338445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 338545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 338645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 338745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 338845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 338945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 339045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 339145ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 339245ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 339345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 339445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 339545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 339645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 339745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 339845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 339945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 340045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 340145ba3153SMarcel Telka# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 340245ba3153SMarcel Telka# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 340345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 340445ba3153SMarcel Telka# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 340545ba3153SMarcel Telka# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 340645ba3153SMarcel Telka# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 340745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 340845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 340945ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 341045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 341145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 341245ba3153SMarcel Telka# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 341345ba3153SMarcel Telka# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 341445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 341545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 341645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 341745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 341845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 341945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Jesper Nørgaard (2007-10-27): 342045ba3153SMarcel Telka# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 342145ba3153SMarcel Telka# not take place 1st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1st November at 24:00 or 342245ba3153SMarcel Telka# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sense than 342345ba3153SMarcel Telka# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 342445ba3153SMarcel Telka# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 342545ba3153SMarcel Telka# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 342645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 342745ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 342845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Jesper Nørgaard Welen wrote: 342945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 343045ba3153SMarcel Telka# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 343145ba3153SMarcel Telka# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 343245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 343345ba3153SMarcel Telka# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 343445ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 343545ba3153SMarcel Telka# 343645ba3153SMarcel Telka# which using Google's translate tools says: 343745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 343845ba3153SMarcel Telka# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 343945ba3153SMarcel Telka# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 344045ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 344145ba3153SMarcel Telka 344245ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 344345ba3153SMarcel Telka# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 344445ba3153SMarcel Telka# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so.... 344545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 344645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 344745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Variation 344845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Syrian Arab 344945ba3153SMarcel Telka# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 345045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 345145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 345245ba3153SMarcel Telka 345345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 345445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 345545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Agency (SANA)... 345645ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 345745ba3153SMarcel Telka# ...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 345845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 345945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 346045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 346145ba3153SMarcel Telka# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 346245ba3153SMarcel Telka 346345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 346445ba3153SMarcel Telka# My best guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 346545ba3153SMarcel Telka# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 346645ba3153SMarcel Telka# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 346745ba3153SMarcel Telka# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 346845ba3153SMarcel Telka 346945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 347045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 347145ba3153SMarcel Telka# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 347245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 347345ba3153SMarcel Telka# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 347445ba3153SMarcel Telka# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 347545ba3153SMarcel Telka# clocks back 60 minutes). 347645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 347745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 347845ba3153SMarcel Telka 347945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 348045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 348145ba3153SMarcel Telka# two examples: 348245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 348345ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 348445ba3153SMarcel Telka# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 348545ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 348645ba3153SMarcel Telka# (Arabic, gov-site) 348745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 348845ba3153SMarcel Telka# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 348945ba3153SMarcel Telka# 349045ba3153SMarcel Telka# Our summary 3491226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 349245ba3153SMarcel Telka 349345ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27): 349445ba3153SMarcel Telka# The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will 349545ba3153SMarcel Telka# revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday 349645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30: 349745ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic) 349845ba3153SMarcel Telka 349945ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 350045ba3153SMarcel Telka# We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last 350145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or 350245ba3153SMarcel Telka# something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday. 350345ba3153SMarcel Telka 350445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-17): 350545ba3153SMarcel Telka# The "Syrian News Station" reported on 2010-03-16 that the Council of 350645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Ministers has decided that Syria will start DST on midnight Thursday 350745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 2010-04-01: (midnight between Thursday and Friday): 350845ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421 (Arabic) 350945ba3153SMarcel Telka 351045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 351145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Today, Syria's government announced that they will start DST early on Friday 351245ba3153SMarcel Telka# (00:00). This is a bit earlier than the past two years. 351345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 351445ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Syrian Arab News Agency, in Arabic: 351545ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm 351645ba3153SMarcel Telka# 351745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Our brief summary: 3518226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html 351945ba3153SMarcel Telka 352045ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27): 352145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Assume last Friday in March going forward XXX. 352245ba3153SMarcel Telka 352345ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 352445ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 352545ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 2009 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 352645ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 2010 2011 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 352745ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 2012 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 352845ba3153SMarcel TelkaRule Syria 2009 max - Oct lastFri 0:00 0 - 352945ba3153SMarcel Telka 3530*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 353145ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 353245ba3153SMarcel Telka 2:00 Syria EE%sT 353345ba3153SMarcel Telka 353445ba3153SMarcel Telka# Tajikistan 353545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Shanks & Pottenger. 3536*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 353745ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 353845ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 353945ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 354045ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 1:00 +05/+06 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 354145ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 354245ba3153SMarcel Telka 354345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Thailand 3544*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 354545ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 354645ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 3547489eee58SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 354845ba3153SMarcel TelkaLink Asia/Bangkok Asia/Phnom_Penh # Cambodia 354945ba3153SMarcel TelkaLink Asia/Bangkok Asia/Vientiane # Laos 355045ba3153SMarcel Telka 355145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Turkmenistan 355245ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Shanks & Pottenger. 3553*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 355445ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 355545ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 355645ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00 355745ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00 355845ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 355945ba3153SMarcel Telka 356045ba3153SMarcel Telka# United Arab Emirates 3561*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 356245ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 3563489eee58SDan McDonald 4:00 - +04 356445ba3153SMarcel TelkaLink Asia/Dubai Asia/Muscat # Oman 356545ba3153SMarcel Telka 356645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Uzbekistan 356745ba3153SMarcel Telka# Byalokoz 1919 says Uzbekistan was 4:27:53. 3568*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 356945ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:53 - LMT 1924 May 2 357045ba3153SMarcel Telka 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 357145ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 357245ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 357345ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 357445ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 357545ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 357645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8; round to nearest. 357745ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:11 - LMT 1924 May 2 357845ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 357945ba3153SMarcel Telka 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00 358045ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 358145ba3153SMarcel Telka 5:00 - +05 358245ba3153SMarcel Telka 358345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Vietnam 358445ba3153SMarcel Telka 358545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-04): 358645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being 358745ba3153SMarcel Telka# used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways 358845ba3153SMarcel Telka# from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks 358945ba3153SMarcel Telka# and Pottenger for LMT before 1906. 359045ba3153SMarcel Telka 359145ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 359245ba3153SMarcel Telka# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Minh 359345ba3153SMarcel Telka# City"; use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 359445ba3153SMarcel Telka 359545ba3153SMarcel Telka# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-21) after a heads-up from Trần Ngọc Quân: 359645ba3153SMarcel Telka# Trần Tiến Bình's authoritative book "Lịch Việt Nam: thế kỷ XX-XXI (1901-2100)" 359745ba3153SMarcel Telka# (Nhà xuất bản Văn Hoá - Thông Tin, Hanoi, 2005), pp 49-50, 359845ba3153SMarcel Telka# is quoted verbatim in: 359945ba3153SMarcel Telka# http://www.thoigian.com.vn/?mPage=P80D01 360045ba3153SMarcel Telka# is translated by Brian Inglis in: 3601226a4d14SYuri Pankov# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021654.html 360245ba3153SMarcel Telka# and is the basis for the information below. 360345ba3153SMarcel Telka# 360445ba3153SMarcel Telka# The 1906 transition was effective July 1 and standardized Indochina to 36058e22b25cSYuri Pankov# Phù Liễn Observatory, legally 104° 17' 17" east of Paris. 360645ba3153SMarcel Telka# It's unclear whether this meant legal Paris Mean Time (00:09:21) or 36078e22b25cSYuri Pankov# the Paris Meridian (2° 20' 14.03" E); the former yields 07:06:30.1333... 360845ba3153SMarcel Telka# and the latter 07:06:29.333... so either way it rounds to 07:06:30, 360945ba3153SMarcel Telka# which is used below even though the modern-day Phù Liễn Observatory 361045ba3153SMarcel Telka# is closer to 07:06:31. Abbreviate Phù Liễn Mean Time as PLMT. 361145ba3153SMarcel Telka# 361245ba3153SMarcel Telka# The following transitions occurred in Indochina in general (before 1954) 361345ba3153SMarcel Telka# and in South Vietnam in particular (after 1954): 361445ba3153SMarcel Telka# To 07:00 on 1911-05-01. 361545ba3153SMarcel Telka# To 08:00 on 1942-12-31 at 23:00. 3616*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# To 09:00 on 1945-03-14 at 23:00. 361745ba3153SMarcel Telka# To 07:00 on 1945-09-02 in Vietnam. 361845ba3153SMarcel Telka# To 08:00 on 1947-04-01 in French-controlled Indochina. 361945ba3153SMarcel Telka# To 07:00 on 1955-07-01 in South Vietnam. 362045ba3153SMarcel Telka# To 08:00 on 1959-12-31 at 23:00 in South Vietnam. 362145ba3153SMarcel Telka# To 07:00 on 1975-06-13 in South Vietnam. 362245ba3153SMarcel Telka# 362345ba3153SMarcel Telka# Trần cites the following sources; it's unclear which supplied the info above. 362445ba3153SMarcel Telka# 362545ba3153SMarcel Telka# Hoàng Xuân Hãn: "Lịch và lịch Việt Nam". Tập san Khoa học Xã hội, 362645ba3153SMarcel Telka# No. 9, Paris, February 1982. 362745ba3153SMarcel Telka# 362845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Lê Thành Lân: "Lịch và niên biểu lịch sử hai mươi thế kỷ (0001-2010)", 362945ba3153SMarcel Telka# NXB Thống kê, Hanoi, 2000. 363045ba3153SMarcel Telka# 363145ba3153SMarcel Telka# Lê Thành Lân: "Lịch hai thế kỷ (1802-2010) và các lịch vĩnh cửu", 363245ba3153SMarcel Telka# NXB Thuận Hoá, Huế, 1995. 363345ba3153SMarcel Telka 3634*337881e8SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 363545ba3153SMarcel TelkaZone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jul 1 3636489eee58SDan McDonald 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1 # Phù Liễn MT 3637489eee58SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00 3638489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00 3639489eee58SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 2 3640489eee58SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1947 Apr 1 3641489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1955 Jul 1 3642489eee58SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1959 Dec 31 23:00 3643489eee58SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1975 Jun 13 3644489eee58SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 364545ba3153SMarcel Telka 36469a0f2271SDominik Hassler# From Paul Eggert (2019-02-19): 36479a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 36489a0f2271SDominik Hassler# The Ho Chi Minh entry suffices for most purposes as it agrees with all of 36499a0f2271SDominik Hassler# Vietnam since 1975-06-13. Presumably clocks often changed in south Vietnam 36509a0f2271SDominik Hassler# in the early 1970s as locations changed hands during the war; however the 36519a0f2271SDominik Hassler# details are unknown and would likely be too voluminous for this database. 36529a0f2271SDominik Hassler# 36539a0f2271SDominik Hassler# For timestamps in north Vietnam back to 1970 (the tzdb cutoff), 36549a0f2271SDominik Hassler# use Asia/Bangkok; see the VN entries in the file zone1970.tab. 36559a0f2271SDominik Hassler# For timestamps before 1970, see Asia/Hanoi in the file 'backzone'. 36569a0f2271SDominik Hassler 36579a0f2271SDominik Hassler 365845ba3153SMarcel Telka# Yemen 365945ba3153SMarcel Telka# See Asia/Riyadh. 3660