xref: /titanic_41/usr/src/lib/libkvm/common/kvm.c (revision fd9cb95cbb2f626355a60efb9d02c5f0a33c10e6)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License, Version 1.0 only
6  * (the "License").  You may not use this file except in compliance
7  * with the License.
8  *
9  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
10  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
11  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
12  * and limitations under the License.
13  *
14  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
15  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
16  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
17  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
18  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
19  *
20  * CDDL HEADER END
21  */
22 /*
23  * Copyright 2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
24  * Use is subject to license terms.
25  */
26 
27 #pragma ident	"%Z%%M%	%I%	%E% SMI"
28 
29 #include <kvm.h>
30 #include <stdio.h>
31 #include <stdlib.h>
32 #include <stdarg.h>
33 #include <unistd.h>
34 #include <limits.h>
35 #include <fcntl.h>
36 #include <strings.h>
37 #include <sys/mem.h>
38 #include <sys/stat.h>
39 #include <sys/mman.h>
40 #include <sys/dumphdr.h>
41 #include <sys/sysmacros.h>
42 
43 struct _kvmd {
44 	struct dumphdr	kvm_dump;
45 	char		*kvm_debug;
46 	int		kvm_openflag;
47 	int		kvm_corefd;
48 	int		kvm_kmemfd;
49 	int		kvm_memfd;
50 	size_t		kvm_coremapsize;
51 	char		*kvm_core;
52 	dump_map_t	*kvm_map;
53 	pfn_t		*kvm_pfn;
54 	struct as	*kvm_kas;
55 	proc_t		*kvm_practive;
56 	pid_t		kvm_pid;
57 	char		kvm_namelist[MAXNAMELEN + 1];
58 	proc_t		kvm_proc;
59 };
60 
61 #define	PREAD	(ssize_t (*)(int, void *, size_t, offset_t))pread64
62 #define	PWRITE	(ssize_t (*)(int, void *, size_t, offset_t))pwrite64
63 
64 static kvm_t *
65 fail(kvm_t *kd, const char *err, const char *message, ...)
66 {
67 	va_list args;
68 
69 	va_start(args, message);
70 	if (err || (kd && kd->kvm_debug)) {
71 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", err ? err : "KVM_DEBUG");
72 		(void) vfprintf(stderr, message, args);
73 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "\n");
74 	}
75 	va_end(args);
76 	if (kd != NULL)
77 		(void) kvm_close(kd);
78 	return (NULL);
79 }
80 
81 /*ARGSUSED*/
82 kvm_t *
83 kvm_open(const char *namelist, const char *corefile, const char *swapfile,
84 	int flag, const char *err)
85 {
86 	kvm_t *kd;
87 	struct stat64 memstat, kmemstat, allkmemstat, corestat;
88 	struct nlist nl[3] = { { "kas" }, { "practive" }, { "" } };
89 
90 	if ((kd = calloc(1, sizeof (kvm_t))) == NULL)
91 		return (fail(NULL, err, "cannot allocate space for kvm_t"));
92 
93 	kd->kvm_corefd = kd->kvm_kmemfd = kd->kvm_memfd = -1;
94 	kd->kvm_debug = getenv("KVM_DEBUG");
95 
96 	if ((kd->kvm_openflag = flag) != O_RDONLY && flag != O_RDWR)
97 		return (fail(kd, err, "illegal flag 0x%x to kvm_open()", flag));
98 
99 	if (corefile == NULL)
100 		corefile = "/dev/kmem";
101 
102 	if (stat64(corefile, &corestat) == -1)
103 		return (fail(kd, err, "cannot stat %s", corefile));
104 
105 	if (S_ISCHR(corestat.st_mode)) {
106 		if (stat64("/dev/mem", &memstat) == -1)
107 			return (fail(kd, err, "cannot stat /dev/mem"));
108 
109 		if (stat64("/dev/kmem", &kmemstat) == -1)
110 			return (fail(kd, err, "cannot stat /dev/kmem"));
111 
112 		if (stat64("/dev/allkmem", &allkmemstat) == -1)
113 			return (fail(kd, err, "cannot stat /dev/allkmem"));
114 		if (corestat.st_rdev == memstat.st_rdev ||
115 		    corestat.st_rdev == kmemstat.st_rdev ||
116 		    corestat.st_rdev == allkmemstat.st_rdev) {
117 			char *kmem = (corestat.st_rdev == allkmemstat.st_rdev ?
118 			    "/dev/allkmem" : "/dev/kmem");
119 
120 			if ((kd->kvm_kmemfd = open64(kmem, flag)) == -1)
121 				return (fail(kd, err, "cannot open %s", kmem));
122 			if ((kd->kvm_memfd = open64("/dev/mem", flag)) == -1)
123 				return (fail(kd, err, "cannot open /dev/mem"));
124 		}
125 	} else {
126 		if ((kd->kvm_corefd = open64(corefile, flag)) == -1)
127 			return (fail(kd, err, "cannot open %s", corefile));
128 		if (pread64(kd->kvm_corefd, &kd->kvm_dump,
129 		    sizeof (kd->kvm_dump), 0) != sizeof (kd->kvm_dump))
130 			return (fail(kd, err, "cannot read dump header"));
131 		if (kd->kvm_dump.dump_magic != DUMP_MAGIC)
132 			return (fail(kd, err, "%s is not a kernel core file "
133 			    "(bad magic number %x)", corefile,
134 			    kd->kvm_dump.dump_magic));
135 		if (kd->kvm_dump.dump_version != DUMP_VERSION)
136 			return (fail(kd, err,
137 			    "libkvm version (%u) != corefile version (%u)",
138 			    DUMP_VERSION, kd->kvm_dump.dump_version));
139 		if (kd->kvm_dump.dump_wordsize != DUMP_WORDSIZE)
140 			return (fail(kd, err, "%s is a %d-bit core file - "
141 			    "cannot examine with %d-bit libkvm", corefile,
142 			    kd->kvm_dump.dump_wordsize, DUMP_WORDSIZE));
143 		/*
144 		 * We try to mmap(2) the entire corefile for performance
145 		 * (so we can use bcopy(3C) rather than pread(2)).  Failing
146 		 * that, we insist on at least mmap(2)ing the dump map.
147 		 */
148 		kd->kvm_coremapsize = (size_t)corestat.st_size;
149 		if (corestat.st_size > LONG_MAX ||
150 		    (kd->kvm_core = mmap64(0, kd->kvm_coremapsize,
151 		    PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, kd->kvm_corefd, 0)) == MAP_FAILED) {
152 			kd->kvm_coremapsize = kd->kvm_dump.dump_data;
153 			if ((kd->kvm_core = mmap64(0, kd->kvm_coremapsize,
154 			    PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, kd->kvm_corefd, 0)) ==
155 			    MAP_FAILED)
156 				return (fail(kd, err, "cannot mmap corefile"));
157 		}
158 		kd->kvm_map = (void *)(kd->kvm_core + kd->kvm_dump.dump_map);
159 		kd->kvm_pfn = (void *)(kd->kvm_core + kd->kvm_dump.dump_pfn);
160 	}
161 
162 	if (namelist == NULL)
163 		namelist = "/dev/ksyms";
164 
165 	(void) strncpy(kd->kvm_namelist, namelist, MAXNAMELEN);
166 
167 	if (kvm_nlist(kd, nl) == -1)
168 		return (fail(kd, err, "%s is not a %d-bit kernel namelist",
169 		    namelist, DUMP_WORDSIZE));
170 
171 	kd->kvm_kas = (struct as *)nl[0].n_value;
172 	kd->kvm_practive = (proc_t *)nl[1].n_value;
173 
174 	(void) kvm_setproc(kd);
175 	return (kd);
176 }
177 
178 int
179 kvm_close(kvm_t *kd)
180 {
181 	if (kd->kvm_core != NULL && kd->kvm_core != MAP_FAILED)
182 		(void) munmap(kd->kvm_core, kd->kvm_coremapsize);
183 	if (kd->kvm_corefd != -1)
184 		(void) close(kd->kvm_corefd);
185 	if (kd->kvm_kmemfd != -1)
186 		(void) close(kd->kvm_kmemfd);
187 	if (kd->kvm_memfd != -1)
188 		(void) close(kd->kvm_memfd);
189 	free(kd);
190 	return (0);
191 }
192 
193 int
194 kvm_nlist(kvm_t *kd, struct nlist nl[])
195 {
196 	return (nlist(kd->kvm_namelist, nl));
197 }
198 
199 static offset_t
200 kvm_lookup(kvm_t *kd, struct as *as, uint64_t addr)
201 {
202 	uintptr_t pageoff = addr & (kd->kvm_dump.dump_pagesize - 1);
203 	uint64_t page = addr - pageoff;
204 	offset_t off = 0;
205 
206 	if (kd->kvm_debug)
207 		fprintf(stderr, "kvm_lookup(%p, %llx):", (void *)as, addr);
208 
209 	if (as == NULL) {		/* physical addressing mode */
210 		long first = 0;
211 		long last = kd->kvm_dump.dump_npages - 1;
212 		pfn_t target = (pfn_t)(page >> kd->kvm_dump.dump_pageshift);
213 		while (last >= first) {
214 			long middle = (first + last) / 2;
215 			pfn_t pfn = kd->kvm_pfn[middle];
216 			if (kd->kvm_debug)
217 				fprintf(stderr, " %ld ->", middle);
218 			if (pfn == target) {
219 				off = kd->kvm_dump.dump_data + pageoff +
220 				    ((uint64_t)middle <<
221 				    kd->kvm_dump.dump_pageshift);
222 				break;
223 			}
224 			if (pfn < target)
225 				first = middle + 1;
226 			else
227 				last = middle - 1;
228 		}
229 	} else {
230 		long hash = DUMP_HASH(&kd->kvm_dump, as, page);
231 		off = kd->kvm_map[hash].dm_first;
232 		while (off != 0) {
233 			dump_map_t *dmp = (void *)(kd->kvm_core + off);
234 			if (kd->kvm_debug)
235 				fprintf(stderr, " %llx ->", off);
236 			if (dmp < kd->kvm_map ||
237 			    dmp > kd->kvm_map + kd->kvm_dump.dump_hashmask ||
238 			    (off & (sizeof (offset_t) - 1)) != 0 ||
239 			    DUMP_HASH(&kd->kvm_dump, dmp->dm_as, dmp->dm_va) !=
240 			    hash) {
241 				if (kd->kvm_debug)
242 					fprintf(stderr, " dump map corrupt\n");
243 				return (0);
244 			}
245 			if (dmp->dm_va == page && dmp->dm_as == as) {
246 				off = dmp->dm_data + pageoff;
247 				break;
248 			}
249 			off = dmp->dm_next;
250 		}
251 	}
252 	if (kd->kvm_debug)
253 		fprintf(stderr, "%s found: %llx\n", off ? "" : " not", off);
254 	return (off);
255 }
256 
257 static ssize_t
258 kvm_rw(kvm_t *kd, uint64_t addr, void *buf, size_t size,
259 	struct as *as, ssize_t (*prw)(int, void *, size_t, offset_t))
260 {
261 	offset_t off;
262 	size_t resid = size;
263 
264 	/*
265 	 * read/write of zero bytes always succeeds
266 	 */
267 	if (size == 0)
268 		return (0);
269 
270 	if (kd->kvm_core == NULL) {
271 		char procbuf[100];
272 		int procfd;
273 		ssize_t rval;
274 
275 		if (as == kd->kvm_kas)
276 			return (prw(kd->kvm_kmemfd, buf, size, addr));
277 		if (as == NULL)
278 			return (prw(kd->kvm_memfd, buf, size, addr));
279 
280 		(void) sprintf(procbuf, "/proc/%ld/as", kd->kvm_pid);
281 		if ((procfd = open64(procbuf, kd->kvm_openflag)) == -1)
282 			return (-1);
283 		rval = prw(procfd, buf, size, addr);
284 		(void) close(procfd);
285 		return (rval);
286 	}
287 
288 	while (resid != 0) {
289 		uintptr_t pageoff = addr & (kd->kvm_dump.dump_pagesize - 1);
290 		ssize_t len = MIN(resid, kd->kvm_dump.dump_pagesize - pageoff);
291 
292 		if ((off = kvm_lookup(kd, as, addr)) == 0)
293 			break;
294 
295 		if (prw == PREAD && off < kd->kvm_coremapsize)
296 			bcopy(kd->kvm_core + off, buf, len);
297 		else if ((len = prw(kd->kvm_corefd, buf, len, off)) <= 0)
298 			break;
299 		resid -= len;
300 		addr += len;
301 		buf = (char *)buf + len;
302 	}
303 	return (resid < size ? size - resid : -1);
304 }
305 
306 ssize_t
307 kvm_read(kvm_t *kd, uintptr_t addr, void *buf, size_t size)
308 {
309 	return (kvm_rw(kd, addr, buf, size, kd->kvm_kas, PREAD));
310 }
311 
312 ssize_t
313 kvm_kread(kvm_t *kd, uintptr_t addr, void *buf, size_t size)
314 {
315 	return (kvm_rw(kd, addr, buf, size, kd->kvm_kas, PREAD));
316 }
317 
318 ssize_t
319 kvm_uread(kvm_t *kd, uintptr_t addr, void *buf, size_t size)
320 {
321 	return (kvm_rw(kd, addr, buf, size, kd->kvm_proc.p_as, PREAD));
322 }
323 
324 ssize_t
325 kvm_aread(kvm_t *kd, uintptr_t addr, void *buf, size_t size, struct as *as)
326 {
327 	return (kvm_rw(kd, addr, buf, size, as, PREAD));
328 }
329 
330 ssize_t
331 kvm_pread(kvm_t *kd, uint64_t addr, void *buf, size_t size)
332 {
333 	return (kvm_rw(kd, addr, buf, size, NULL, PREAD));
334 }
335 
336 ssize_t
337 kvm_write(kvm_t *kd, uintptr_t addr, const void *buf, size_t size)
338 {
339 	return (kvm_rw(kd, addr, (void *)buf, size, kd->kvm_kas, PWRITE));
340 }
341 
342 ssize_t
343 kvm_kwrite(kvm_t *kd, uintptr_t addr, const void *buf, size_t size)
344 {
345 	return (kvm_rw(kd, addr, (void *)buf, size, kd->kvm_kas, PWRITE));
346 }
347 
348 ssize_t
349 kvm_uwrite(kvm_t *kd, uintptr_t addr, const void *buf, size_t size)
350 {
351 	return (kvm_rw(kd, addr, (void *)buf, size, kd->kvm_proc.p_as, PWRITE));
352 }
353 
354 ssize_t
355 kvm_awrite(kvm_t *kd, uintptr_t addr, const void *buf, size_t size,
356     struct as *as)
357 {
358 	return (kvm_rw(kd, addr, (void *)buf, size, as, PWRITE));
359 }
360 
361 ssize_t
362 kvm_pwrite(kvm_t *kd, uint64_t addr, const void *buf, size_t size)
363 {
364 	return (kvm_rw(kd, addr, (void *)buf, size, NULL, PWRITE));
365 }
366 
367 uint64_t
368 kvm_physaddr(kvm_t *kd, struct as *as, uintptr_t addr)
369 {
370 	mem_vtop_t mem_vtop;
371 	offset_t off;
372 
373 	if (kd->kvm_core == NULL) {
374 		mem_vtop.m_as = as;
375 		mem_vtop.m_va = (void *)addr;
376 		if (ioctl(kd->kvm_kmemfd, MEM_VTOP, &mem_vtop) == 0)
377 			return ((uint64_t)mem_vtop.m_pfn * getpagesize() +
378 			    (addr & (getpagesize() - 1)));
379 	} else {
380 		if ((off = kvm_lookup(kd, as, addr)) != 0) {
381 			long pfn_index =
382 			    (u_offset_t)(off - kd->kvm_dump.dump_data) >>
383 			    kd->kvm_dump.dump_pageshift;
384 			return (((uint64_t)kd->kvm_pfn[pfn_index] <<
385 			    kd->kvm_dump.dump_pageshift) +
386 			    (addr & (kd->kvm_dump.dump_pagesize - 1)));
387 		}
388 	}
389 	return (-1ULL);
390 }
391 
392 struct proc *
393 kvm_getproc(kvm_t *kd, pid_t pid)
394 {
395 	(void) kvm_setproc(kd);
396 	while (kvm_nextproc(kd) != NULL)
397 		if (kd->kvm_pid == pid)
398 			return (&kd->kvm_proc);
399 	return (NULL);
400 }
401 
402 struct proc *
403 kvm_nextproc(kvm_t *kd)
404 {
405 	if (kd->kvm_proc.p_next == NULL ||
406 	    kvm_kread(kd, (uintptr_t)kd->kvm_proc.p_next,
407 	    &kd->kvm_proc, sizeof (proc_t)) != sizeof (proc_t) ||
408 	    kvm_kread(kd, (uintptr_t)&kd->kvm_proc.p_pidp->pid_id,
409 	    &kd->kvm_pid, sizeof (pid_t)) != sizeof (pid_t))
410 		return (NULL);
411 
412 	return (&kd->kvm_proc);
413 }
414 
415 int
416 kvm_setproc(kvm_t *kd)
417 {
418 	(void) kvm_kread(kd, (uintptr_t)kd->kvm_practive,
419 	    &kd->kvm_proc.p_next, sizeof (proc_t *));
420 	kd->kvm_pid = -1;
421 	return (0);
422 }
423 
424 /*ARGSUSED*/
425 struct user *
426 kvm_getu(kvm_t *kd, struct proc *p)
427 {
428 	return (&p->p_user);
429 }
430