xref: /titanic_41/usr/src/lib/libdtrace/i386/dt_isadep.c (revision 2c2d21e98a95cba5687ec6574c974a5c6c4a6adb)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 
22 /*
23  * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
24  * Use is subject to license terms.
25  */
26 
27 /*
28  * Copyright (c) 2012 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
29  */
30 
31 #include <stdlib.h>
32 #include <assert.h>
33 #include <errno.h>
34 #include <string.h>
35 #include <libgen.h>
36 
37 #include <dt_impl.h>
38 #include <dt_pid.h>
39 
40 #include <dis_tables.h>
41 
42 #define	DT_POPL_EBP	0x5d
43 #define	DT_RET		0xc3
44 #define	DT_RET16	0xc2
45 #define	DT_LEAVE	0xc9
46 #define	DT_JMP32	0xe9
47 #define	DT_JMP8		0xeb
48 #define	DT_REP		0xf3
49 
50 #define	DT_MOVL_EBP_ESP	0xe58b
51 
52 #define	DT_ISJ32(op16)	(((op16) & 0xfff0) == 0x0f80)
53 #define	DT_ISJ8(op8)	(((op8) & 0xf0) == 0x70)
54 
55 #define	DT_MODRM_REG(modrm)	(((modrm) >> 3) & 0x7)
56 
57 static int dt_instr_size(uchar_t *, dtrace_hdl_t *, pid_t, uintptr_t, char);
58 
59 /*ARGSUSED*/
60 int
61 dt_pid_create_entry_probe(struct ps_prochandle *P, dtrace_hdl_t *dtp,
62     fasttrap_probe_spec_t *ftp, const GElf_Sym *symp)
63 {
64 	ftp->ftps_type = DTFTP_ENTRY;
65 	ftp->ftps_pc = (uintptr_t)symp->st_value;
66 	ftp->ftps_size = (size_t)symp->st_size;
67 	ftp->ftps_noffs = 1;
68 	ftp->ftps_offs[0] = 0;
69 
70 	if (ioctl(dtp->dt_ftfd, FASTTRAPIOC_MAKEPROBE, ftp) != 0) {
71 		dt_dprintf("fasttrap probe creation ioctl failed: %s\n",
72 		    strerror(errno));
73 		return (dt_set_errno(dtp, errno));
74 	}
75 
76 	return (1);
77 }
78 
79 static int
80 dt_pid_has_jump_table(struct ps_prochandle *P, dtrace_hdl_t *dtp,
81     uint8_t *text, fasttrap_probe_spec_t *ftp, const GElf_Sym *symp)
82 {
83 	ulong_t i;
84 	int size;
85 	pid_t pid = Pstatus(P)->pr_pid;
86 	char dmodel = Pstatus(P)->pr_dmodel;
87 
88 	/*
89 	 * Take a pass through the function looking for a register-dependant
90 	 * jmp instruction. This could be a jump table so we have to be
91 	 * ultra conservative.
92 	 */
93 	for (i = 0; i < ftp->ftps_size; i += size) {
94 		size = dt_instr_size(&text[i], dtp, pid, symp->st_value + i,
95 		    dmodel);
96 
97 		/*
98 		 * Assume the worst if we hit an illegal instruction.
99 		 */
100 		if (size <= 0) {
101 			dt_dprintf("error at %#lx (assuming jump table)\n", i);
102 			return (1);
103 		}
104 
105 		/*
106 		 * Register-dependant jmp instructions start with a 0xff byte
107 		 * and have the modrm.reg field set to 4. They can have an
108 		 * optional REX prefix on the 64-bit ISA.
109 		 */
110 		if ((text[i] == 0xff && DT_MODRM_REG(text[i + 1]) == 4) ||
111 		    (dmodel == PR_MODEL_LP64 && (text[i] & 0xf0) == 0x40 &&
112 		    text[i + 1] == 0xff && DT_MODRM_REG(text[i + 2]) == 4)) {
113 			dt_dprintf("found a suspected jump table at %s:%lx\n",
114 			    ftp->ftps_func, i);
115 			return (1);
116 		}
117 	}
118 
119 	return (0);
120 }
121 
122 /*ARGSUSED*/
123 int
124 dt_pid_create_return_probe(struct ps_prochandle *P, dtrace_hdl_t *dtp,
125     fasttrap_probe_spec_t *ftp, const GElf_Sym *symp, uint64_t *stret)
126 {
127 	uint8_t *text;
128 	ulong_t i, end;
129 	int size;
130 	pid_t pid = Pstatus(P)->pr_pid;
131 	char dmodel = Pstatus(P)->pr_dmodel;
132 
133 	/*
134 	 * We allocate a few extra bytes at the end so we don't have to check
135 	 * for overrunning the buffer.
136 	 */
137 	if ((text = calloc(1, symp->st_size + 4)) == NULL) {
138 		dt_dprintf("mr sparkle: malloc() failed\n");
139 		return (DT_PROC_ERR);
140 	}
141 
142 	if (Pread(P, text, symp->st_size, symp->st_value) != symp->st_size) {
143 		dt_dprintf("mr sparkle: Pread() failed\n");
144 		free(text);
145 		return (DT_PROC_ERR);
146 	}
147 
148 	ftp->ftps_type = DTFTP_RETURN;
149 	ftp->ftps_pc = (uintptr_t)symp->st_value;
150 	ftp->ftps_size = (size_t)symp->st_size;
151 	ftp->ftps_noffs = 0;
152 
153 	/*
154 	 * If there's a jump table in the function we're only willing to
155 	 * instrument these specific (and equivalent) instruction sequences:
156 	 *	leave
157 	 *	[rep] ret
158 	 * and
159 	 *	movl	%ebp,%esp
160 	 *	popl	%ebp
161 	 *	[rep] ret
162 	 *
163 	 * We do this to avoid accidentally interpreting jump table
164 	 * offsets as actual instructions.
165 	 */
166 	if (dt_pid_has_jump_table(P, dtp, text, ftp, symp)) {
167 		for (i = 0, end = ftp->ftps_size; i < end; i += size) {
168 			size = dt_instr_size(&text[i], dtp, pid,
169 			    symp->st_value + i, dmodel);
170 
171 			/* bail if we hit an invalid opcode */
172 			if (size <= 0)
173 				break;
174 
175 			if (text[i] == DT_LEAVE && text[i + 1] == DT_RET) {
176 				dt_dprintf("leave/ret at %lx\n", i + 1);
177 				ftp->ftps_offs[ftp->ftps_noffs++] = i + 1;
178 				size = 2;
179 			} else if (text[i] == DT_LEAVE &&
180 			    text[i + 1] == DT_REP && text[i + 2] == DT_RET) {
181 				dt_dprintf("leave/rep ret at %lx\n", i + 1);
182 				ftp->ftps_offs[ftp->ftps_noffs++] = i + 1;
183 				size = 3;
184 			} else if (*(uint16_t *)&text[i] == DT_MOVL_EBP_ESP &&
185 			    text[i + 2] == DT_POPL_EBP &&
186 			    text[i + 3] == DT_RET) {
187 				dt_dprintf("movl/popl/ret at %lx\n", i + 3);
188 				ftp->ftps_offs[ftp->ftps_noffs++] = i + 3;
189 				size = 4;
190 			} else if (*(uint16_t *)&text[i] == DT_MOVL_EBP_ESP &&
191 			    text[i + 2] == DT_POPL_EBP &&
192 			    text[i + 3] == DT_REP &&
193 			    text[i + 4] == DT_RET) {
194 				dt_dprintf("movl/popl/rep ret at %lx\n", i + 3);
195 				ftp->ftps_offs[ftp->ftps_noffs++] = i + 3;
196 				size = 5;
197 			}
198 		}
199 	} else {
200 		for (i = 0, end = ftp->ftps_size; i < end; i += size) {
201 			size = dt_instr_size(&text[i], dtp, pid,
202 			    symp->st_value + i, dmodel);
203 
204 			/* bail if we hit an invalid opcode */
205 			if (size <= 0)
206 				break;
207 
208 			/* ordinary ret */
209 			if (size == 1 && text[i] == DT_RET)
210 				goto is_ret;
211 
212 			/* two-byte ret */
213 			if (size == 2 && text[i] == DT_REP &&
214 			    text[i + 1] == DT_RET)
215 				goto is_ret;
216 
217 			/* ret <imm16> */
218 			if (size == 3 && text[i] == DT_RET16)
219 				goto is_ret;
220 
221 			/* two-byte ret <imm16> */
222 			if (size == 4 && text[i] == DT_REP &&
223 			    text[i + 1] == DT_RET16)
224 				goto is_ret;
225 
226 			/* 32-bit displacement jmp outside of the function */
227 			if (size == 5 && text[i] == DT_JMP32 && symp->st_size <=
228 			    (uintptr_t)(i + size + *(int32_t *)&text[i + 1]))
229 				goto is_ret;
230 
231 			/* 8-bit displacement jmp outside of the function */
232 			if (size == 2 && text[i] == DT_JMP8 && symp->st_size <=
233 			    (uintptr_t)(i + size + *(int8_t *)&text[i + 1]))
234 				goto is_ret;
235 
236 			/* 32-bit disp. conditional jmp outside of the func. */
237 			if (size == 6 && DT_ISJ32(*(uint16_t *)&text[i]) &&
238 			    symp->st_size <=
239 			    (uintptr_t)(i + size + *(int32_t *)&text[i + 2]))
240 				goto is_ret;
241 
242 			/* 8-bit disp. conditional jmp outside of the func. */
243 			if (size == 2 && DT_ISJ8(text[i]) && symp->st_size <=
244 			    (uintptr_t)(i + size + *(int8_t *)&text[i + 1]))
245 				goto is_ret;
246 
247 			continue;
248 is_ret:
249 			dt_dprintf("return at offset %lx\n", i);
250 			ftp->ftps_offs[ftp->ftps_noffs++] = i;
251 		}
252 	}
253 
254 	free(text);
255 	if (ftp->ftps_noffs > 0) {
256 		if (ioctl(dtp->dt_ftfd, FASTTRAPIOC_MAKEPROBE, ftp) != 0) {
257 			dt_dprintf("fasttrap probe creation ioctl failed: %s\n",
258 			    strerror(errno));
259 			return (dt_set_errno(dtp, errno));
260 		}
261 	}
262 
263 	return (ftp->ftps_noffs);
264 }
265 
266 /*ARGSUSED*/
267 int
268 dt_pid_create_offset_probe(struct ps_prochandle *P, dtrace_hdl_t *dtp,
269     fasttrap_probe_spec_t *ftp, const GElf_Sym *symp, ulong_t off)
270 {
271 	ftp->ftps_type = DTFTP_OFFSETS;
272 	ftp->ftps_pc = (uintptr_t)symp->st_value;
273 	ftp->ftps_size = (size_t)symp->st_size;
274 	ftp->ftps_noffs = 1;
275 
276 	if (strcmp("-", ftp->ftps_func) == 0) {
277 		ftp->ftps_offs[0] = off;
278 	} else {
279 		uint8_t *text;
280 		ulong_t i;
281 		int size;
282 		pid_t pid = Pstatus(P)->pr_pid;
283 		char dmodel = Pstatus(P)->pr_dmodel;
284 
285 		if ((text = malloc(symp->st_size)) == NULL) {
286 			dt_dprintf("mr sparkle: malloc() failed\n");
287 			return (DT_PROC_ERR);
288 		}
289 
290 		if (Pread(P, text, symp->st_size, symp->st_value) !=
291 		    symp->st_size) {
292 			dt_dprintf("mr sparkle: Pread() failed\n");
293 			free(text);
294 			return (DT_PROC_ERR);
295 		}
296 
297 		/*
298 		 * We can't instrument offsets in functions with jump tables
299 		 * as we might interpret a jump table offset as an
300 		 * instruction.
301 		 */
302 		if (dt_pid_has_jump_table(P, dtp, text, ftp, symp)) {
303 			free(text);
304 			return (0);
305 		}
306 
307 		for (i = 0; i < symp->st_size; i += size) {
308 			if (i == off) {
309 				ftp->ftps_offs[0] = i;
310 				break;
311 			}
312 
313 			/*
314 			 * If we've passed the desired offset without a
315 			 * match, then the given offset must not lie on a
316 			 * instruction boundary.
317 			 */
318 			if (i > off) {
319 				free(text);
320 				return (DT_PROC_ALIGN);
321 			}
322 
323 			size = dt_instr_size(&text[i], dtp, pid,
324 			    symp->st_value + i, dmodel);
325 
326 			/*
327 			 * If we hit an invalid instruction, bail as if we
328 			 * couldn't find the offset.
329 			 */
330 			if (size <= 0) {
331 				free(text);
332 				return (DT_PROC_ALIGN);
333 			}
334 		}
335 
336 		free(text);
337 	}
338 
339 	if (ioctl(dtp->dt_ftfd, FASTTRAPIOC_MAKEPROBE, ftp) != 0) {
340 		dt_dprintf("fasttrap probe creation ioctl failed: %s\n",
341 		    strerror(errno));
342 		return (dt_set_errno(dtp, errno));
343 	}
344 
345 	return (ftp->ftps_noffs);
346 }
347 
348 /*ARGSUSED*/
349 int
350 dt_pid_create_glob_offset_probes(struct ps_prochandle *P, dtrace_hdl_t *dtp,
351     fasttrap_probe_spec_t *ftp, const GElf_Sym *symp, const char *pattern)
352 {
353 	uint8_t *text;
354 	int size;
355 	ulong_t i, end = symp->st_size;
356 	pid_t pid = Pstatus(P)->pr_pid;
357 	char dmodel = Pstatus(P)->pr_dmodel;
358 
359 	ftp->ftps_type = DTFTP_OFFSETS;
360 	ftp->ftps_pc = (uintptr_t)symp->st_value;
361 	ftp->ftps_size = (size_t)symp->st_size;
362 	ftp->ftps_noffs = 0;
363 
364 	if ((text = malloc(symp->st_size)) == NULL) {
365 		dt_dprintf("mr sparkle: malloc() failed\n");
366 		return (DT_PROC_ERR);
367 	}
368 
369 	if (Pread(P, text, symp->st_size, symp->st_value) != symp->st_size) {
370 		dt_dprintf("mr sparkle: Pread() failed\n");
371 		free(text);
372 		return (DT_PROC_ERR);
373 	}
374 
375 	/*
376 	 * We can't instrument offsets in functions with jump tables as
377 	 * we might interpret a jump table offset as an instruction.
378 	 */
379 	if (dt_pid_has_jump_table(P, dtp, text, ftp, symp)) {
380 		free(text);
381 		return (0);
382 	}
383 
384 	if (strcmp("*", pattern) == 0) {
385 		for (i = 0; i < end; i += size) {
386 			ftp->ftps_offs[ftp->ftps_noffs++] = i;
387 
388 			size = dt_instr_size(&text[i], dtp, pid,
389 			    symp->st_value + i, dmodel);
390 
391 			/* bail if we hit an invalid opcode */
392 			if (size <= 0)
393 				break;
394 		}
395 	} else {
396 		char name[sizeof (i) * 2 + 1];
397 
398 		for (i = 0; i < end; i += size) {
399 			(void) snprintf(name, sizeof (name), "%x", i);
400 			if (gmatch(name, pattern))
401 				ftp->ftps_offs[ftp->ftps_noffs++] = i;
402 
403 			size = dt_instr_size(&text[i], dtp, pid,
404 			    symp->st_value + i, dmodel);
405 
406 			/* bail if we hit an invalid opcode */
407 			if (size <= 0)
408 				break;
409 		}
410 	}
411 
412 	free(text);
413 	if (ftp->ftps_noffs > 0) {
414 		if (ioctl(dtp->dt_ftfd, FASTTRAPIOC_MAKEPROBE, ftp) != 0) {
415 			dt_dprintf("fasttrap probe creation ioctl failed: %s\n",
416 			    strerror(errno));
417 			return (dt_set_errno(dtp, errno));
418 		}
419 	}
420 
421 	return (ftp->ftps_noffs);
422 }
423 
424 typedef struct dtrace_dis {
425 	uchar_t	*instr;
426 	dtrace_hdl_t *dtp;
427 	pid_t pid;
428 	uintptr_t addr;
429 } dtrace_dis_t;
430 
431 static int
432 dt_getbyte(void *data)
433 {
434 	dtrace_dis_t	*dis = data;
435 	int ret = *dis->instr;
436 
437 	if (ret == FASTTRAP_INSTR) {
438 		fasttrap_instr_query_t instr;
439 
440 		instr.ftiq_pid = dis->pid;
441 		instr.ftiq_pc = dis->addr;
442 
443 		/*
444 		 * If we hit a byte that looks like the fasttrap provider's
445 		 * trap instruction (which doubles as the breakpoint
446 		 * instruction for debuggers) we need to query the kernel
447 		 * for the real value. This may just be part of an immediate
448 		 * value so there's no need to return an error if the
449 		 * kernel doesn't know about this address.
450 		 */
451 		if (ioctl(dis->dtp->dt_ftfd, FASTTRAPIOC_GETINSTR, &instr) == 0)
452 			ret = instr.ftiq_instr;
453 	}
454 
455 	dis->addr++;
456 	dis->instr++;
457 
458 	return (ret);
459 }
460 
461 static int
462 dt_instr_size(uchar_t *instr, dtrace_hdl_t *dtp, pid_t pid, uintptr_t addr,
463     char dmodel)
464 {
465 	dtrace_dis_t data;
466 	dis86_t x86dis;
467 	uint_t cpu_mode;
468 
469 	data.instr = instr;
470 	data.dtp = dtp;
471 	data.pid = pid;
472 	data.addr = addr;
473 
474 	x86dis.d86_data = &data;
475 	x86dis.d86_get_byte = dt_getbyte;
476 	x86dis.d86_check_func = NULL;
477 
478 	cpu_mode = (dmodel == PR_MODEL_ILP32) ? SIZE32 : SIZE64;
479 
480 	if (dtrace_disx86(&x86dis, cpu_mode) != 0)
481 		return (-1);
482 
483 	/*
484 	 * If the instruction was a single-byte breakpoint, there may be
485 	 * another debugger attached to this process. The original instruction
486 	 * can't be recovered so this must fail.
487 	 */
488 	if (x86dis.d86_len == 1 &&
489 	    (uchar_t)x86dis.d86_bytes[0] == FASTTRAP_INSTR)
490 		return (-1);
491 
492 	return (x86dis.d86_len);
493 }
494