1/ 2/ Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3/ Use is subject to license terms. 4/ 5/ Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California. 6/ All rights reserved. The Berkeley Software License Agreement 7/ specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. 8/ 9 10/ ident "%Z%%M% %I% %E% SMI" 11/ dimensions 12m *a* 13kg *b* 14sec *c* 15coul *d* 16candela *e* 17dollar *f* 18radian *g* 19bit *h* 20erlang *i* 21degC *j* 22 23/ Authoritative places to get updated values: 24/ http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/ 25/ http://www.npl.co.uk/npl/reference/index.html 26/ Less authoritative but very useful for non-SI units is 27/ http://www.ex.ac.uk/cimt/dictunit/dictunit.htm 28 29/ constants 30 31fuzz 1 32pi 3.14159265358979323846 fuzz 33/ speed of light in a vacuum 34c 2.99792458+8 m/sec 35/ standard acceleration due to gravity 36g 9.80665 m/sec2 37/ Astronomical Unit 38au 1.4959787069+11 m fuzz 39/ Avagadro's number 40mole 6.022137+23 fuzz 41/ charge on an electron 42e 1.6021773-19 coul fuzz 43/ covert mass to energy (e.g., you have: kilogram energy you want: megaton tnt) 44energy c2 45/ convert mass to weight (e.g., use "lb-force" to get a pound of force) 46force g 47/ density of mercury expressed as weight/volume) 48mercury 1.33322+5 kg/m2-sec2 49hg mercury 50 51/ dimensionless 52 53degree 1|180 pi-radian 54circle 2 pi-radian 55turn 2 pi-radian 56grade .9 degree 57arcdeg 1 degree 58arcmin 1|60 arcdeg 59ccs 1|36 erlang 60arcsec 1|60 arcmin 61 62steradian radian2 63sphere 4 pi-steradian 64sr steradian 65 66/ Time 67 68second sec 69s sec 70minute 60 sec 71min minute 72hour 60 min 73hr hour 74day 24 hr 75da day 76week 7 day 77/ Mean tropical year in the year 2000. This decreases by .00000615 per century. 78year 365.2421896698 day fuzz 79yr year 80month 1|12 year 81ms millisec 82us microsec 83 84/ Mass 85 86gram millikg 87gm gram 88mg milligram 89metricton kilokg 90 91/ Avoirdupois 92 93lb .45359237 kg 94lbf lb g 95ounce 1|16 lb 96oz ounce 97dram 1|16 oz 98dr dram 99grain 1|7000 lb 100gr grain 101shortton 2000 lb 102ton shortton 103longton 2240 lb 104 105/ Apothecary 106 107scruple 20 grain 108apdram 60 grain 109apounce 480 grain 110appound 5760 grain 111 112/ Length 113 114meter m 115metre m 116cm centimeter 117mm millimeter 118km kilometer 119nm nanometer 120micron micrometer 121angstrom decinanometer 122 123inch 2.54 cm 124in inch 125foot 12 in 126feet foot 127ft foot 128yard 3 ft 129yd yard 130rod 5.5 yd 131rd rod 132mile 5280 ft 133mi mile 134 135british 1200|3937 m/ft 136nmile 1852m 137 138acre 4840 yd2 139 140cc cm3 141liter kilocc 142litre liter 143ml milliliter 144 145/ US Liquid 146 147gallon 231 in3 148imperial 1.20095 149gal gallon 150quart 1|4 gal 151qt quart 152pint 1|2 qt 153pt pint 154 155floz 1|16 pt 156fldr 1|8 floz 157 158/ US Dry 159 160dry 268.8025 in3/gallon 161peck 8 dry-quart 162pk peck 163bushel 4 peck 164bu bushel 165 166/ British 167 168brgallon 4.54609 litre 169brquart 1|4 brgallon 170brpint 1|2 brquart 171brgill 1|4 brpint 172brfloz 1|20 brpint 173brpeck 9.09218 litre 174brbushel 4 brpeck 175 176/ Energy Work 177 178newton kg-m/sec2 179nt newton 180joule nt-m 181/ There are 5 different small calories. The one used here is the "IT 182/ calorie". The "USA calorie" or "thermochemical calorie" is 4.184 joule 183/ (exact). The "calorie at 15 deg C" is 4.1855 joule fuzz. The "calorie 184/ at 20 deg C" is 4.1819 joule fuzz. The "mean calorie" is 4.19002 joule 185/ fuzz. The large Calorie is a thousand of (one of) these calories. 186cal 4.1868 joule 187 188/ Electrical 189 190coulomb coul 191ampere coul/sec 192amp ampere 193watt joule/sec 194volt watt/amp 195ohm volt/amp 196mho /ohm 197farad coul/volt 198henry sec2/farad 199weber volt-sec 200 201/ Light & Radiation 202 203cd candela 204lumen cd sr 205lux cd sr/m2 206/ actual radiation dose 207gray joule/kg 208/ effective radiation dose 209sievert joule/kg 210 211/ Temperature 212 213kelvin degC 214rankine 5|9 kelvin 215degF rankine 216/ note that degF and degC are suitable for converting temperature intervals, 217/ but not actual temperatures on the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales. 218 219/ Money 220/ epoch May 22, 1998 221/ floating rates from Los Angeles Times 222/ fixed rates from http://dylee.keel.econ.ship.edu/intntl/intfin/currencies.htm 223/ Currencies pegged by the country to another currency are shown exactly 224/ (of course, they are still subject to change). Others are shown as "fuzz". 225 226$ dollar 227argentinapeso 1.0000 $ 228australiadollar 0.6297 $ fuzz 229brazilreal 0.8705 $ fuzz 230britainpound 1.6327 $ fuzz 231canadadollar 0.9899 $ fuzz 232chilepeso 0.002204 $ fuzz 233chinayuanrenminbi 0.1208 $ fuzz 234colombiapeso 0.000719 $ fuzz 235czechkoruna 0.0308 $ fuzz 236denmarkkrone 1.491 $ fuzz 237dominicanrepublicpeso 0.0664 $ fuzz 238equadorsucre 0.000196 $ fuzz 239egyptpound 0.2927 $ fuzz 240hongkongdollar 1|7.73 $ 241hungaryforint 1|211.02 $ fuzz 242indiarupee 0.0247 $ fuzz 243indonesiarupiah 1|11050 $ fuzz 244iranrial 0.000333 $ fuzz 245iraqdinar 1|.3109 $ 246israelnewshekel 0.2743 $ fuzz 247israelshekel .001 israelnewshekel 248israelpound .1 israelshekel 249japanyen 0.007419 $ fuzz 250jordandinar 1.4134 $ fuzz 251lebanonpound 1|1519.5 $ fuzz 252malaysiaringgit 0.2654 $ fuzz 253malaysiadollar malaysiaringgit 254mexicopeso 0.115781 $ fuzz 255newzealanddollar 0.5338 $ fuzz 256norwaykrone 0.1342 $ fuzz 257pakistanrupee 0.0229 $ fuzz 258perusol 0.3532 $ fuzz 259perunewsol perusol 260philippinespeso 0.0258 $ fuzz 261polandnewzloty 0.2882 $ fuzz 262russiaruble 0.1624 $ fuzz 263saudiarabiariyal 0.2667 $ fuzz 264singaporedollar 0.6109 $ fuzz 265slovakiakoruna 0.0293 $ fuzz 266southafricarand 0.1968 $ fuzz 267southkoreawon 0.00072 $ fuzz 268swedenkrona 0.1302 $ fuzz 269switzerlandfranc 0.6841 $ fuzz 270taiwannewdollar 0.0298 $ fuzz 271thailandbaht 0.02541 $ fuzz 272turkeylira 1|253780 $ fuzz 273uaedirham 0.2724 $ fuzz 274uruguaypeso 0.0966 $ fuzz 275venezuelabolivar 1|535.5 $ fuzz 276 277/ The euro and currencies tied to it. 278/ See http://www.x-rates.com/faq_euro.html 279/ or http://europa.eu.int/euro/html/entry.html 280/ euro to $ as of 16 Jan 2002. 281euro 0.8834 $ fuzz 282austriaschilling 1|13.7603 euro 283belgiumfranc 1|40.3399 euro 284finlandmarkka 1|5.94573 euro 285francefranc 1|6.55957 euro 286germanymark 1|1.95583 euro 287greecedrachma 1|340.750 euro 288irelandpound 1|.787564 euro 289italylira 1|1936.27 euro 290luxembourgfranc 1|40.3399 euro 291netherlandsguilder 1|2.20371 euro 292portugalescudo 1|200.482 euro 293spainpeseta 1|166.386 euro 294 295mark germanymark 296bolivar venezuelabolivar 297peseta spainpeseta 298rand southafricarand 299escudo portugalescudo 300sol perusol 301guilder netherlandsguilder 302peso mexicopeso 303yen japanyen 304lira italylira 305dinar iraqdinar 306rial iranrial 307rupee indiarupee 308drachma greecedrachma 309franc francefranc 310markka finlandmarkka 311sucre equadorsucre 312pound britainpound 313poundsterling britainpound 314/ cruzeiro brazilcruzeiro 315 316/ PDP-11 317 318baud bit/sec 319byte 8 bit 320word 2 byte 321block 512 byte 322K 1024 word 323tc 578 block 324rktrack 12 block 325rkcylinder 2 rktrack 326rk 203 rkcylinder 327rptrack 10 block 328rpcylinder 20 rptracks 329rp 406 rpcylinder 330rftrack 8 block 331rfshoe 8 rftrack 332rfdisk 16 rfshoe 333rf 2 rfdisk 334 335/ Trivia 336 337% 1|100 338admiraltyknot 6080 ft/hr 339apostilb cd/pi-m2 340are 1+2 m2 341arpentcan 27.52 mi 342arpentlin 191.835 ft 343astronomicalunit au 344atmosphere 1.01325+5 nt/m2 345atm atmosphere 346atomicmassunit gm/mole 347amu atomicmassunit 348bag 94 lb 349bakersdozen 13 350bar 1+5 nt/m2 351barie 1-1 nt/m2 352barleycorn 1|3 in 353barn 1-28 m2 354barrel 42 gal 355barye 1-1 nt/m2 356/ radiation activity 357becquerel /sec 358bev 1+9 e-volt 359biot 10 amp 360blondel cd/pi-m2 361boardfoot 144 in3 362bolt 40 yd 363boltzmann 1.38066-23 joule/degC fuzz 364k boltzmann 365bottommeasure 1|40 in 366britishthermalunit cal lb-degF/gm-degC 367btu britishthermalunit 368refrigeration 12000 btu/ton-hour 369buck dollar 370cable 720 ft 371caliber 1-2 in 372calorie cal 373carat 205 mg 374cent centidollar 375cental 100 lb 376centesimalminute 1-2 grade 377centesimalsecond 1-4 grade 378century 100 year 379cfs ft3/sec 380chain 66 ft 381circularinch 1|4 pi-in2 382circularmil 1-6|4 pi-in2 383clusec 1-8 mm-hg m3/s 384coomb 4 bu 385cord 128 ft3 386cordfoot cord 387crith 9.06-2 gm 388cubit 18 in 389cup 1|2 pt 390curie 3.7+10 /sec 391dalton amu 392decade 10 yr 393dioptre /m 394displacementton 35 ft3 395doppelzentner 100 kg 396dozen 12 397drop .03 cm3 398dyne cm-gm/sec2 399electronvolt e-volt 400ell 45 in 401engineerschain 100 ft 402engineerslink 100|100 ft 403equivalentfootcandle lumen/pi-ft2 404equivalentlux lumen/pi-m2 405equivalentphot cd/pi-cm2 406erg cm2-gm/sec2 407ev e-volt 408faraday 9.652+4 coul 409fathom 6 ft 410fermi 1-15 m 411fifth 4|5 qt 412fin 5 dollar 413finger 7|8 in 414firkin 9 gal 415footcandle lumen/ft2 416footlambert cd/pi-ft2 417fortnight 14 da 418franklin 3.33564-10 coul 419frigorie kilocal 420furlong 220 yd 421/ Universal Gravitational Constant 422G 6.673-11 m3/kg-sec2 fuzz 423galileo 1-2 m/sec2 424gamma 1-9 weber/m2 425gauss 1-4 weber/m2 426geodeticfoot british-ft 427geographicalmile 1852 m 428gilbert 7.95775-1 amp 429gill 1|4 pt 430gross 144 431gunterschain 22 yd 432hand 4 in 433/ Planck's constant 434hbar 1.054573-34 joule-sec fuzz 435h 2 pi hbar 436hectare 1+4 m2 437hefnercandle .92 cd 438hertz /sec 439hogshead 2 barrel 440hd hogshead 441homestead 1|4 mi2 442horsepower 550 ft-lb-g/sec 443hp horsepower 444hyl gm force sec2/m 445hz /sec 446imaginarycubicfoot 1.4 ft3 447/ radio intensity 448jansky 1-26 watt/m2-hz 449jeroboam 4|5 gal 450karat 1|24 451kcal kilocal 452kcalorie kilocal 453kev 1+3 e-volt 454key kg 455khz 1+3 /sec 456kilderkin 18 gal 457knot nmile/hr 458lambert cd/pi-cm2 459langley cal/cm2 460last 80 bu 461league 3 mi 462lightyear c-yr 463line 1|12 in 464link 66|100 ft 465longhundredweight 112 lb 466longquarter 28 lb 467lusec 1-6 mm-hg m3/s 468mach 331.46 m/sec 469magnum 2 qt 470marineleague 3 nmile 471maxwell 1-8 weber 472metriccarat 200 mg 473mev 1+6 e-volt 474mgd megagal/day 475mh millihenry 476mhz 1+6 /sec 477mil 1-3 in 478millenium 1000 year 479minersinch 1.5 ft3/min 480minim 1|60 fldr 481mo month 482mpg mile/gal 483mph mile/hr 484nail 1|16 yd 485nauticalmile nmile 486nit cd/m2 487noggin 1|8 qt 488nox 1-3 lux 489ns nanosec 490oersted 2.5+2 pi-amp/m 491oe oersted 492pace 36 in 493palm 3 in 494parasang 3.5 mi 495parsec au-radian/arcsec 496pascal nt/m2 497pc parsec 498pennyweight 1|20 oz 499percent % 500perch rd 501pf picofarad 502phot lumen/cm2 503pica 1|6 in 504pieze 1+3 nt/m2 505pipe 4 barrel 506point 1|72 in 507poise gm/cm-sec 508pole rd 509poundal ft-lb/sec2 510pdl poundal 511proof 1|200 512psi lb-g/in2 513quarter 9 in 514quartersection 1|4 mi2 515quintal 100 kg 516quire 25 517/ actual radiation dose 518rad 1-2 gray 519ream 500 520registerton 100 ft3 521rehoboam 156 floz 522/ effective radiation dose 523rem 1-2 sievert 524rhe 10 m2/nt-sec 525/ ionization power of radiation 526rontgen 2.58-4 coul/kg 527roentgen rontgen 528rood 1.21+3 yd2 529rope 20 ft 530rutherford 1+6 /sec 531/ This is the rydberg energy (ionization energy of hydrogen assuming infinite 532/ mass nucleus). To get the "rydberg constant", use rydberg/h-c 533rydberg 13.605698 ev fuzz 534sabin 1 ft2 535sack 3 bu 536seam 8 bu 537section mi2 538shippington 40 ft3 539shorthundredweight 100 lb 540shortquarter 25 lb 541siemens /ohm 542sigma microsec 543skein 120 yd 544skot 1-3 apostilb 545slug lb-g-sec2/ft 546span 9 in 547spat 4 pi sr 548spindle 14400 yd 549square 100 ft2 550stere m3 551sthene 1+3 nt 552stilb cd/cm2 553stoke 1-4 m2/sec 554stone 14 lb 555strike 2 bu 556surveyfoot british-ft 557surveyorschain 66 ft 558surveyorslink 66|100 ft 559tablespoon 4 fldr 560teaspoon 4|3 fldr 561tesla weber/m2 562therm 1+5 btu 563thermie 1+6 cal 564timberfoot ft3 565tnt 4.6+6 m2/sec2 566tonne 1+6 gm 567torr mm hg 568township 36 mi2 569tun 8 barrel 570water .22491|2.54 kg/m2-sec2 571wey 40 bu 572weymass 252 lb 573Xunit 1.00202-13m 574