xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/uts/intel/kdi/kdi_idt.c (revision 7b34a9a5df26271af0da06974fc361c468cd48d3)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 /*
22  * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
23  * Use is subject to license terms.
24  *
25  * Copyright 2018 Joyent, Inc.
26  */
27 
28 /*
29  * Management of KMDB's IDT, which is installed upon KMDB activation.
30  *
31  * Debugger activation has two flavors, which cover the cases where KMDB is
32  * loaded at boot, and when it is loaded after boot.  In brief, in both cases,
33  * the KDI needs to interpose upon several handlers in the IDT.  When
34  * mod-loaded KMDB is deactivated, we undo the IDT interposition, restoring the
35  * handlers to what they were before we started.
36  *
37  * We also take over the entirety of IDT (except the double-fault handler) on
38  * the active CPU when we're in kmdb so we can handle things like page faults
39  * sensibly.
40  *
41  * Boot-loaded KMDB
42  *
43  * When we're first activated, we're running on boot's IDT.  We need to be able
44  * to function in this world, so we'll install our handlers into boot's IDT.
45  * This is a little complicated: we're using the fake cpu_t set up by
46  * boot_kdi_tmpinit(), so we can't access cpu_idt directly.  Instead,
47  * kdi_idt_write() notices that cpu_idt is NULL, and works around this problem.
48  *
49  * Later, when we're about to switch to the kernel's IDT, it'll call us via
50  * kdi_idt_sync(), allowing us to add our handlers to the new IDT.  While
51  * boot-loaded KMDB can't be unloaded, we still need to save the descriptors we
52  * replace so we can pass traps back to the kernel as necessary.
53  *
54  * The last phase of boot-loaded KMDB activation occurs at non-boot CPU
55  * startup.  We will be called on each non-boot CPU, thus allowing us to set up
56  * any watchpoints that may have been configured on the boot CPU and interpose
57  * on the given CPU's IDT.  We don't save the interposed descriptors in this
58  * case -- see kdi_cpu_init() for details.
59  *
60  * Mod-loaded KMDB
61  *
62  * This style of activation is much simpler, as the CPUs are already running,
63  * and are using their own copy of the kernel's IDT.  We simply interpose upon
64  * each CPU's IDT.  We save the handlers we replace, both for deactivation and
65  * for passing traps back to the kernel.  Note that for the hypervisors'
66  * benefit, we need to xcall to the other CPUs to do this, since we need to
67  * actively set the trap entries in its virtual IDT from that vcpu's context
68  * rather than just modifying the IDT table from the CPU running kdi_activate().
69  */
70 
71 #include <sys/types.h>
72 #include <sys/segments.h>
73 #include <sys/trap.h>
74 #include <sys/cpuvar.h>
75 #include <sys/reboot.h>
76 #include <sys/sunddi.h>
77 #include <sys/archsystm.h>
78 #include <sys/kdi_impl.h>
79 #include <sys/x_call.h>
80 #include <ia32/sys/psw.h>
81 #include <vm/hat_i86.h>
82 
83 #define	KDI_GATE_NVECS	3
84 
85 #define	KDI_IDT_NOSAVE	0
86 #define	KDI_IDT_SAVE	1
87 
88 #define	KDI_IDT_DTYPE_KERNEL	0
89 #define	KDI_IDT_DTYPE_BOOT	1
90 
91 /* Solely to keep kdiregs_t in the CTF, otherwise unused. */
92 kdiregs_t kdi_regs;
93 
94 kdi_cpusave_t *kdi_cpusave;
95 int kdi_ncpusave;
96 
97 static kdi_main_t kdi_kmdb_main;
98 
99 kdi_drreg_t kdi_drreg;
100 
101 #ifndef __amd64
102 /* Used to track the current set of valid kernel selectors. */
103 uint32_t	kdi_cs;
104 uint32_t	kdi_ds;
105 uint32_t	kdi_fs;
106 uint32_t	kdi_gs;
107 #endif
108 
109 uintptr_t	kdi_kernel_handler;
110 
111 int		kdi_trap_switch;
112 
113 #define	KDI_MEMRANGES_MAX	2
114 
115 kdi_memrange_t	kdi_memranges[KDI_MEMRANGES_MAX];
116 int		kdi_nmemranges;
117 
118 typedef void idt_hdlr_f(void);
119 
120 extern idt_hdlr_f kdi_trap0, kdi_trap1, kdi_int2, kdi_trap3, kdi_trap4;
121 extern idt_hdlr_f kdi_trap5, kdi_trap6, kdi_trap7, kdi_trap9;
122 extern idt_hdlr_f kdi_traperr10, kdi_traperr11, kdi_traperr12;
123 extern idt_hdlr_f kdi_traperr13, kdi_traperr14, kdi_trap16, kdi_traperr17;
124 extern idt_hdlr_f kdi_trap18, kdi_trap19, kdi_trap20, kdi_ivct32;
125 extern idt_hdlr_f kdi_invaltrap;
126 extern size_t kdi_ivct_size;
127 
128 typedef struct kdi_gate_spec {
129 	uint_t kgs_vec;
130 	uint_t kgs_dpl;
131 } kdi_gate_spec_t;
132 
133 /*
134  * Beware: kdi_pass_to_kernel() has unpleasant knowledge of this list.
135  */
136 static const kdi_gate_spec_t kdi_gate_specs[KDI_GATE_NVECS] = {
137 	{ T_SGLSTP, TRP_KPL },
138 	{ T_BPTFLT, TRP_UPL },
139 	{ T_DBGENTR, TRP_KPL }
140 };
141 
142 static gate_desc_t kdi_kgates[KDI_GATE_NVECS];
143 
144 extern gate_desc_t kdi_idt[NIDT];
145 
146 struct idt_description {
147 	uint_t id_low;
148 	uint_t id_high;
149 	idt_hdlr_f *id_basehdlr;
150 	size_t *id_incrp;
151 } idt_description[] = {
152 	{ T_ZERODIV, 0,		kdi_trap0, NULL },
153 	{ T_SGLSTP, 0,		kdi_trap1, NULL },
154 	{ T_NMIFLT, 0,		kdi_int2, NULL },
155 	{ T_BPTFLT, 0,		kdi_trap3, NULL },
156 	{ T_OVFLW, 0,		kdi_trap4, NULL },
157 	{ T_BOUNDFLT, 0,	kdi_trap5, NULL },
158 	{ T_ILLINST, 0,		kdi_trap6, NULL },
159 	{ T_NOEXTFLT, 0,	kdi_trap7, NULL },
160 #if !defined(__xpv)
161 	{ T_DBLFLT, 0,		syserrtrap, NULL },
162 #endif
163 	{ T_EXTOVRFLT, 0,	kdi_trap9, NULL },
164 	{ T_TSSFLT, 0,		kdi_traperr10, NULL },
165 	{ T_SEGFLT, 0,		kdi_traperr11, NULL },
166 	{ T_STKFLT, 0,		kdi_traperr12, NULL },
167 	{ T_GPFLT, 0,		kdi_traperr13, NULL },
168 	{ T_PGFLT, 0,		kdi_traperr14, NULL },
169 	{ 15, 0,		kdi_invaltrap, NULL },
170 	{ T_EXTERRFLT, 0,	kdi_trap16, NULL },
171 	{ T_ALIGNMENT, 0,	kdi_traperr17, NULL },
172 	{ T_MCE, 0,		kdi_trap18, NULL },
173 	{ T_SIMDFPE, 0,		kdi_trap19, NULL },
174 	{ T_DBGENTR, 0,		kdi_trap20, NULL },
175 	{ 21, 31,		kdi_invaltrap, NULL },
176 	{ 32, 255,		kdi_ivct32, &kdi_ivct_size },
177 	{ 0, 0, NULL },
178 };
179 
180 void
181 kdi_idt_init(selector_t sel)
182 {
183 	struct idt_description *id;
184 	int i;
185 
186 	for (id = idt_description; id->id_basehdlr != NULL; id++) {
187 		uint_t high = id->id_high != 0 ? id->id_high : id->id_low;
188 		size_t incr = id->id_incrp != NULL ? *id->id_incrp : 0;
189 
190 #if !defined(__xpv)
191 		if (kpti_enable && sel == KCS_SEL && id->id_low == T_DBLFLT)
192 			id->id_basehdlr = tr_syserrtrap;
193 #endif
194 
195 		for (i = id->id_low; i <= high; i++) {
196 			caddr_t hdlr = (caddr_t)id->id_basehdlr +
197 			    incr * (i - id->id_low);
198 			set_gatesegd(&kdi_idt[i], (void (*)())hdlr, sel,
199 			    SDT_SYSIGT, TRP_KPL, IST_DBG);
200 		}
201 	}
202 }
203 
204 static void
205 kdi_idt_gates_install(selector_t sel, int saveold)
206 {
207 	gate_desc_t gates[KDI_GATE_NVECS];
208 	int i;
209 
210 	bzero(gates, sizeof (*gates));
211 
212 	for (i = 0; i < KDI_GATE_NVECS; i++) {
213 		const kdi_gate_spec_t *gs = &kdi_gate_specs[i];
214 		uintptr_t func = GATESEG_GETOFFSET(&kdi_idt[gs->kgs_vec]);
215 		set_gatesegd(&gates[i], (void (*)())func, sel, SDT_SYSIGT,
216 		    gs->kgs_dpl, IST_DBG);
217 	}
218 
219 	for (i = 0; i < KDI_GATE_NVECS; i++) {
220 		uint_t vec = kdi_gate_specs[i].kgs_vec;
221 
222 		if (saveold)
223 			kdi_kgates[i] = CPU->cpu_m.mcpu_idt[vec];
224 
225 		kdi_idt_write(&gates[i], vec);
226 	}
227 }
228 
229 static void
230 kdi_idt_gates_restore(void)
231 {
232 	int i;
233 
234 	for (i = 0; i < KDI_GATE_NVECS; i++)
235 		kdi_idt_write(&kdi_kgates[i], kdi_gate_specs[i].kgs_vec);
236 }
237 
238 /*
239  * Called when we switch to the kernel's IDT.  We need to interpose on the
240  * kernel's IDT entries and stop using KMDBCODE_SEL.
241  */
242 void
243 kdi_idt_sync(void)
244 {
245 	kdi_idt_init(KCS_SEL);
246 	kdi_idt_gates_install(KCS_SEL, KDI_IDT_SAVE);
247 }
248 
249 void
250 kdi_update_drreg(kdi_drreg_t *drreg)
251 {
252 	kdi_drreg = *drreg;
253 }
254 
255 void
256 kdi_memrange_add(caddr_t base, size_t len)
257 {
258 	kdi_memrange_t *mr = &kdi_memranges[kdi_nmemranges];
259 
260 	ASSERT(kdi_nmemranges != KDI_MEMRANGES_MAX);
261 
262 	mr->mr_base = base;
263 	mr->mr_lim = base + len - 1;
264 	kdi_nmemranges++;
265 }
266 
267 void
268 kdi_idt_switch(kdi_cpusave_t *cpusave)
269 {
270 	if (cpusave == NULL)
271 		kdi_idtr_set(kdi_idt, sizeof (kdi_idt) - 1);
272 	else
273 		kdi_idtr_set(cpusave->krs_idt, (sizeof (*idt0) * NIDT) - 1);
274 }
275 
276 /*
277  * Activation for CPUs other than the boot CPU, called from that CPU's
278  * mp_startup().  We saved the kernel's descriptors when we initialized the
279  * boot CPU, so we don't want to do it again.  Saving the handlers from this
280  * CPU's IDT would actually be dangerous with the CPU initialization method in
281  * use at the time of this writing.  With that method, the startup code creates
282  * the IDTs for slave CPUs by copying the one used by the boot CPU, which has
283  * already been interposed upon by KMDB.  Were we to interpose again, we'd
284  * replace the kernel's descriptors with our own in the save area.  By not
285  * saving, but still overwriting, we'll work in the current world, and in any
286  * future world where the IDT is generated from scratch.
287  */
288 void
289 kdi_cpu_init(void)
290 {
291 	kdi_idt_gates_install(KCS_SEL, KDI_IDT_NOSAVE);
292 	/* Load the debug registers. */
293 	kdi_cpu_debug_init(&kdi_cpusave[CPU->cpu_id]);
294 }
295 
296 /*
297  * Activation for all CPUs for mod-loaded kmdb, i.e. a kmdb that wasn't
298  * loaded at boot.
299  */
300 static int
301 kdi_cpu_activate(xc_arg_t arg1 __unused, xc_arg_t arg2 __unused,
302     xc_arg_t arg3 __unused)
303 {
304 	kdi_idt_gates_install(KCS_SEL, KDI_IDT_SAVE);
305 	return (0);
306 }
307 
308 void
309 kdi_activate(kdi_main_t main, kdi_cpusave_t *cpusave, uint_t ncpusave)
310 {
311 	int i;
312 	cpuset_t cpuset;
313 
314 	CPUSET_ALL(cpuset);
315 
316 	kdi_cpusave = cpusave;
317 	kdi_ncpusave = ncpusave;
318 
319 	kdi_kmdb_main = main;
320 
321 	for (i = 0; i < kdi_ncpusave; i++) {
322 		kdi_cpusave[i].krs_cpu_id = i;
323 
324 		kdi_cpusave[i].krs_curcrumb =
325 		    &kdi_cpusave[i].krs_crumbs[KDI_NCRUMBS - 1];
326 		kdi_cpusave[i].krs_curcrumbidx = KDI_NCRUMBS - 1;
327 	}
328 
329 	if (boothowto & RB_KMDB)
330 		kdi_idt_init(KMDBCODE_SEL);
331 	else
332 		kdi_idt_init(KCS_SEL);
333 
334 	/* The initial selector set.  Updated by the debugger-entry code */
335 #ifndef __amd64
336 	kdi_cs = B32CODE_SEL;
337 	kdi_ds = kdi_fs = kdi_gs = B32DATA_SEL;
338 #endif
339 
340 	kdi_memranges[0].mr_base = kdi_segdebugbase;
341 	kdi_memranges[0].mr_lim = kdi_segdebugbase + kdi_segdebugsize - 1;
342 	kdi_nmemranges = 1;
343 
344 	kdi_drreg.dr_ctl = KDIREG_DRCTL_RESERVED;
345 	kdi_drreg.dr_stat = KDIREG_DRSTAT_RESERVED;
346 
347 	if (boothowto & RB_KMDB) {
348 		kdi_idt_gates_install(KMDBCODE_SEL, KDI_IDT_NOSAVE);
349 	} else {
350 		xc_call(0, 0, 0, CPUSET2BV(cpuset), kdi_cpu_activate);
351 	}
352 }
353 
354 static int
355 kdi_cpu_deactivate(xc_arg_t arg1 __unused, xc_arg_t arg2 __unused,
356     xc_arg_t arg3 __unused)
357 {
358 	kdi_idt_gates_restore();
359 	return (0);
360 }
361 
362 void
363 kdi_deactivate(void)
364 {
365 	cpuset_t cpuset;
366 	CPUSET_ALL(cpuset);
367 
368 	xc_call(0, 0, 0, CPUSET2BV(cpuset), kdi_cpu_deactivate);
369 	kdi_nmemranges = 0;
370 }
371 
372 /*
373  * We receive all breakpoints and single step traps.  Some of them, including
374  * those from userland and those induced by DTrace providers, are intended for
375  * the kernel, and must be processed there.  We adopt this
376  * ours-until-proven-otherwise position due to the painful consequences of
377  * sending the kernel an unexpected breakpoint or single step.  Unless someone
378  * can prove to us that the kernel is prepared to handle the trap, we'll assume
379  * there's a problem and will give the user a chance to debug it.
380  *
381  * If we return 2, then the calling code should restore the trap-time %cr3: that
382  * is, it really is a kernel-originated trap.
383  */
384 int
385 kdi_trap_pass(kdi_cpusave_t *cpusave)
386 {
387 	greg_t tt = cpusave->krs_gregs[KDIREG_TRAPNO];
388 	greg_t pc = cpusave->krs_gregs[KDIREG_PC];
389 	greg_t cs = cpusave->krs_gregs[KDIREG_CS];
390 
391 	if (USERMODE(cs))
392 		return (1);
393 
394 	if (tt != T_BPTFLT && tt != T_SGLSTP)
395 		return (0);
396 
397 	if (tt == T_BPTFLT && kdi_dtrace_get_state() ==
398 	    KDI_DTSTATE_DTRACE_ACTIVE)
399 		return (2);
400 
401 	/*
402 	 * See the comments in the kernel's T_SGLSTP handler for why we need to
403 	 * do this.
404 	 */
405 #if !defined(__xpv)
406 	if (tt == T_SGLSTP &&
407 	    (pc == (greg_t)sys_sysenter || pc == (greg_t)brand_sys_sysenter ||
408 	    pc == (greg_t)tr_sys_sysenter ||
409 	    pc == (greg_t)tr_brand_sys_sysenter)) {
410 #else
411 	if (tt == T_SGLSTP &&
412 	    (pc == (greg_t)sys_sysenter || pc == (greg_t)brand_sys_sysenter)) {
413 #endif
414 		return (1);
415 	}
416 
417 	return (0);
418 }
419 
420 /*
421  * State has been saved, and all CPUs are on the CPU-specific stacks.  All
422  * CPUs enter here, and head off into the debugger proper.
423  */
424 void
425 kdi_debugger_entry(kdi_cpusave_t *cpusave)
426 {
427 	/*
428 	 * BPTFLT gives us control with %eip set to the instruction *after*
429 	 * the int 3.  Back it off, so we're looking at the instruction that
430 	 * triggered the fault.
431 	 */
432 	if (cpusave->krs_gregs[KDIREG_TRAPNO] == T_BPTFLT)
433 		cpusave->krs_gregs[KDIREG_PC]--;
434 
435 	kdi_kmdb_main(cpusave);
436 }
437