xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/uts/common/sys/dnlc.h (revision b8767451d156f585534afac0bf22721810d0dc63)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 /*
22  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
23  */
24 
25 /*	Copyright (c) 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989 AT&T	*/
26 /*	  All Rights Reserved	*/
27 
28 /*
29  * University Copyright- Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988
30  * The Regents of the University of California
31  * All Rights Reserved
32  *
33  * University Acknowledgment- Portions of this document are derived from
34  * software developed by the University of California, Berkeley, and its
35  * contributors.
36  */
37 
38 #ifndef _SYS_DNLC_H
39 #define	_SYS_DNLC_H
40 
41 #ifdef	__cplusplus
42 extern "C" {
43 #endif
44 
45 #include <sys/kstat.h>
46 
47 /*
48  * DNLC - Directory name lookup cache.
49  * There are now two sorts of name caching:
50  *
51  * Standard dnlc: This original cache holds recent mappings
52  *                of <directory vnode, name> to vnode mappings.
53  *
54  * Directory caches: Entire large directories can be cached, subject to
55  *		     memory availability and tunables. A directory cache
56  *		     anchor point must be provided in the xxnode for
57  *		     a directory.
58  */
59 
60 
61 /*
62  * Standard dnlc
63  * =============
64  */
65 
66 /*
67  * This structure describes the elements in the cache of recent
68  * names looked up.
69  *
70  * Note namlen is a uchar_t to conserve space
71  * and alignment padding. The max length of any
72  * pathname component is defined as MAXNAMELEN
73  * which is 256 (including the terminating null).
74  * So provided this doesn't change, we don't include the null,
75  * we always use bcmp to compare strings, and we don't start
76  * storing full names, then we are ok. The space savings are worth it.
77  */
78 typedef struct ncache {
79 	struct ncache *hash_next;	/* hash chain, MUST BE FIRST */
80 	struct ncache *hash_prev;
81 	struct vnode *vp;		/* vnode the name refers to */
82 	struct vnode *dp;		/* vnode of parent of name */
83 	int hash;			/* hash signature */
84 	uchar_t namlen;			/* length of name */
85 	char name[1];			/* segment name - null terminated */
86 } ncache_t;
87 
88 /*
89  * Hash table bucket structure of name cache entries for fast lookup.
90  */
91 typedef struct nc_hash	{
92 	ncache_t *hash_next;
93 	ncache_t *hash_prev;
94 	kmutex_t hash_lock;
95 } nc_hash_t;
96 
97 /*
98  * Statistics on name cache
99  * Not protected by locks
100  */
101 /*
102  * ncstats has been deprecated, due to the integer size of the counters
103  * which can easily overflow in the dnlc.
104  * It is maintained (at some expense) for compatability.
105  * The preferred interface is the kstat accessible nc_stats below, ehich
106  * is actually shared with directory caching.
107  */
108 struct ncstats {
109 	int	hits;		/* hits that we can really use */
110 	int	misses;		/* cache misses */
111 	int	enters;		/* number of enters done */
112 	int	dbl_enters;	/* number of enters tried when already cached */
113 	int	long_enter;	/* deprecated, no longer accounted */
114 	int	long_look;	/* deprecated, no longer accounted */
115 	int	move_to_front;	/* entry moved to front of hash chain */
116 	int	purges;		/* number of purges of cache */
117 };
118 
119 struct nc_stats {
120 	kstat_named_t ncs_hits;		/* cache hits */
121 	kstat_named_t ncs_misses;	/* cache misses */
122 	kstat_named_t ncs_neg_hits;	/* negative cache hits */
123 	kstat_named_t ncs_enters;	/* enters */
124 	kstat_named_t ncs_dbl_enters;	/* enters when entry already cached */
125 	kstat_named_t ncs_purge_total;	/* total entries prurged */
126 	kstat_named_t ncs_purge_all;	/* dnlc_purge() calls */
127 	kstat_named_t ncs_purge_vp;	/* dnlc_purge_vp() calls */
128 	kstat_named_t ncs_purge_vfs;	/* dnlc_purge_vfs() calls */
129 	kstat_named_t ncs_purge_fs1;	/* dnlc_purge_fs1() calls */
130 	kstat_named_t ncs_pick_free;	/* found a free ncache */
131 	kstat_named_t ncs_pick_heur;	/* found ncache w/ NULL vpages */
132 	kstat_named_t ncs_pick_last;	/* found last ncache on chain */
133 
134 	/* directory caching stats */
135 
136 	kstat_named_t ncs_dir_hits;	/* dir cache hits */
137 	kstat_named_t ncs_dir_misses;	/* dir cache misses */
138 	kstat_named_t ncs_cur_dirs;	/* current # directories cached */
139 	kstat_named_t ncs_dir_num_ents;	/* current # entries cached */
140 	kstat_named_t ncs_dirs_cached;	/* total # directories cached */
141 	kstat_named_t ncs_dir_start_nm;	/* dir start no memory */
142 	kstat_named_t ncs_dir_add_nm;	/* add entry/space - no memory */
143 	kstat_named_t ncs_dir_addabort;	/* add entry/space - abort */
144 	kstat_named_t ncs_dir_add_max;	/* add entry/space - max exceeded */
145 	kstat_named_t ncs_dir_reme_fai;	/* remove entry fail */
146 	kstat_named_t ncs_dir_rems_fai;	/* remove space fail */
147 	kstat_named_t ncs_dir_upd_fail;	/* update space fail */
148 	kstat_named_t ncs_dir_finipurg;	/* fini purges */
149 	kstat_named_t ncs_dir_rec_last;	/* reclaim last */
150 	kstat_named_t ncs_dir_recl_any;	/* reclaim any */
151 };
152 
153 /*
154  * The dnlc hashing function.
155  * Although really a kernel macro we export it to allow validation
156  * of ncache_t entries by mdb. Note, mdb can handle the ASSERT.
157  *
158  * 'hash' and 'namlen' must be l-values. A check is made to ensure
159  * the name length fits into an unsigned char (see ncache_t).
160  */
161 #define	DNLCHASH(name, dvp, hash, namlen)			\
162 	{							\
163 		char Xc;					\
164 		const char *Xcp;				\
165 		hash = (int)((uintptr_t)(dvp)) >> 8;		\
166 		for (Xcp = (name); (Xc = *Xcp) != 0; Xcp++)	\
167 			(hash) = ((hash) << 4) + (hash) + Xc;	\
168 		ASSERT((Xcp - (name)) <= ((1 << NBBY) - 1));	\
169 		(namlen) = Xcp - (name);			\
170 	}
171 
172 #if defined(_KERNEL) || defined(_FAKE_KERNEL)
173 
174 #include <sys/vfs.h>
175 #include <sys/vnode.h>
176 
177 extern int ncsize;		/* set in param_init() # of dnlc entries */
178 extern vnode_t negative_cache_vnode;
179 #define	DNLC_NO_VNODE &negative_cache_vnode
180 
181 void	dnlc_init(void);
182 void	dnlc_enter(vnode_t *, const char *, vnode_t *);
183 void	dnlc_update(vnode_t *, const char *, vnode_t *);
184 vnode_t	*dnlc_lookup(vnode_t *, const char *);
185 void	dnlc_purge(void);
186 void	dnlc_purge_vp(vnode_t *);
187 int	dnlc_purge_vfsp(vfs_t *, int);
188 void	dnlc_remove(vnode_t *, const char *);
189 int	dnlc_fs_purge1(struct vnodeops *);
190 void	dnlc_reduce_cache(void *);
191 
192 #endif	/* defined(_KERNEL) */
193 
194 
195 /*
196  * Directory caching interfaces
197  * ============================
198  */
199 
200 /*
201  * Typically for large directories, the file names will be the same or
202  * at least similar lengths. So there's no point in anything more elaborate
203  * than a simple unordered linked list of free space entries.
204  * For small directories the name length distribution doesn't really matter.
205  */
206 typedef struct dcfree {
207 	uint64_t df_handle;		/* fs supplied handle */
208 	struct dcfree *df_next;		/* link to next free entry in bucket */
209 	uint_t df_len;			/* length of free entry */
210 } dcfree_t;
211 
212 typedef struct dcentry {
213 	uint64_t de_handle;		/* fs supplied and returned data */
214 	struct dcentry *de_next;	/* link to next name entry in bucket */
215 	int de_hash;			/* hash signature */
216 	uchar_t de_namelen;		/* length of name excluding null */
217 	char de_name[1];		/* null terminated name */
218 } dcentry_t;
219 
220 typedef struct dircache {
221 	struct dircache *dc_next;	/* chain - for purge purposes */
222 	struct dircache *dc_prev;	/* chain - for purge purposes */
223 	int64_t dc_actime;		/* dir access time, from lbolt64 */
224 	dcentry_t **dc_namehash;	/* entry hash table pointer */
225 	dcfree_t **dc_freehash;		/* free entry hash table pointer */
226 	uint_t dc_num_entries;		/* no of named entries */
227 	uint_t dc_num_free;		/* no of free space entries */
228 	uint_t dc_nhash_mask;		/* name hash table size - 1 */
229 	uint_t dc_fhash_mask;		/* free space hash table size - 1 */
230 	struct dcanchor *dc_anchor;	/* back ptr to anchor */
231 	boolean_t dc_complete;		/* cache complete boolean */
232 } dircache_t;
233 
234 typedef struct dcanchor {
235 	void *dca_dircache;	/* pointer to directory cache */
236 	kmutex_t dca_lock;		/* protects the directory cache */
237 } dcanchor_t;
238 
239 /*
240  * Head struct for doubly linked chain of dircache_t
241  * The next and prev fields must match those of a dircache_t
242  */
243 typedef struct {
244 	dircache_t *dch_next;		/* next in chain */
245 	dircache_t *dch_prev;		/* prev in chain */
246 	kmutex_t dch_lock;		/* lock for the chain */
247 } dchead_t;
248 
249 
250 #if defined(_KERNEL)
251 
252 /*
253  * Status returns from the directory cache interfaces
254  */
255 typedef enum {
256 	DOK,		/* operation sucessful */
257 	DNOCACHE,	/* there is no cache */
258 	DFOUND,		/* entry found */
259 	DNOENT,		/* no entry found */
260 	DTOOBIG,	/* exceeds tunable dnlc_max_dir_cache */
261 	DNOMEM		/* no memory */
262 } dcret_t;
263 
264 /*
265  * dnlc_dir_start() requests that a directory be cached.
266  * This must be called initially to enable caching on a directory.
267  * After a successful call, directory entries and free space can be
268  * added (see below) until the directory is marked complete.
269  * "num_entries" is an estimate of the current number of
270  * directory entries. The request is rejected with DNOCACHE
271  * if num_entries falls below the tunable dnlc_dir_min_size (see
272  * below), and rejected with DTOOBIG if it's above dnlc_dir_max_size.
273  * Returns DOK, DNOCACHE, DTOOBIG, DNOMEM.
274  *
275  * Due to memory shortages, directory caches can be purged at
276  * any time. If the last directory cache is purged due to memory
277  * shortage, then the directory cache is marked internally
278  * as "no memory". Future returns will all be DNOCACHE until
279  * the next dnlc_start_dir() which will return DNOMEM once.
280  * This memory shortage may only be transient. It's up to the
281  * file system as to what to do about this condition, but an
282  * attempt to immediately re-build the cache will very likely
283  * lead to the same shortage of memory and a thrashing situation.
284  *
285  * It's file system policy as to when and what size directories to cache.
286  */
287 dcret_t dnlc_dir_start(dcanchor_t *dcap, uint_t num_entries);
288 
289 /*
290  * dnlc_dir_add_entry() adds an entry (name and handle) into a
291  * partial or complete cache. "handle" is a file system specific
292  * quantity that is returned on calls to dnlc_dir_lookup() - see below.
293  * For example, "handle" for ufs holds the inumber and a directory
294  * entry offset. Returns DOK, DNOCACHE, DTOOBIG.
295  */
296 dcret_t dnlc_dir_add_entry(dcanchor_t *dcap, const char *name, uint64_t handle);
297 
298 /*
299  * dnlc_dir_add_space adds free space (length and file system specific
300  * handle) into a partial or complete cache. "handle" is a file
301  * system specific quantity that is returned on calls to
302  * dnlc_dir_rem_space_by_len(). For example, "handle" for ufs holds
303  * the directory entry offset.  Returns DOK, DNOCACHE, DTOOBIG.
304  */
305 dcret_t dnlc_dir_add_space(dcanchor_t *dcap, uint_t len, uint64_t handle);
306 
307 /*
308  * dnlc_dir_complete() indicates the previously partial cache is now complete.
309  */
310 void dnlc_dir_complete(dcanchor_t *dcap);
311 
312 /*
313  * dnlc_dir_purge() deletes a partial or complete directory cache
314  */
315 void dnlc_dir_purge(dcanchor_t *dcap);
316 
317 /*
318  * dnlc_dir_lookup() lookups a file name in a directory cache
319  * and returns the file system handle specified on dnlc_dir_add_entry()
320  * in "handlep". Returns DFOUND, DNOENT, DNOCACHE.
321  */
322 dcret_t dnlc_dir_lookup(dcanchor_t *dcap, const char *name, uint64_t *handlep);
323 
324 /*
325  * dnlc_dir_update() amends the handle for an entry in a directory cache
326  * "handle" is the new file system specific handle for the file "name".
327  * Returns DFOUND, DNOENT, DNOCACHE.
328  */
329 dcret_t dnlc_dir_update(dcanchor_t *dcap, const char *name, uint64_t handle);
330 
331 /*
332  * dnlc_dir_rem_entry() removes an entry form a directory cache.
333  * Returns the handle if "handlep" non null.
334  * Returns DFOUND, DNOENT, DNOCACHE.
335  */
336 dcret_t dnlc_dir_rem_entry(dcanchor_t *dcap, const char *name,
337     uint64_t *handlep);
338 
339 /*
340  * dnlc_dir_rem_space_by_len() looks up and returns free space in a
341  * directory cache of at least the given "len". Returns in "handlep"
342  * the handle supplied when adding the free space in dnlc_dir_add_space().
343  * Returns DFOUND, DNOENT, DNOCACHE.
344  */
345 dcret_t dnlc_dir_rem_space_by_len(dcanchor_t *dcap, uint_t len,
346     uint64_t *handlep);
347 
348 /*
349  * dnlc_dir_rem_space_by_handle() looks up and removes the free space in
350  * a directory cache with the given handle. Returns DFOUND, DNOENT, DNOCACHE.
351  */
352 dcret_t dnlc_dir_rem_space_by_handle(dcanchor_t *dcap, uint64_t handle);
353 
354 /*
355  * dnlc_dir_init() initialises a directory anchor
356  */
357 #define	dnlc_dir_init(dcap) { \
358 	(dcap)->dca_dircache = NULL; \
359 	mutex_init(&(dcap)->dca_lock, NULL, MUTEX_DEFAULT, NULL); }
360 
361 /*
362  * dnlc_dir_fini() is called to indicate the anchor is no longer used.
363  * It ensures there's no directory cache and mutex_destroys the lock
364  */
365 void dnlc_dir_fini(dcanchor_t *dcap);
366 
367 #endif	/* defined(_KERNEL) */
368 
369 #ifdef	__cplusplus
370 }
371 #endif
372 
373 #endif	/* _SYS_DNLC_H */
374