xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/uts/common/io/devpoll.c (revision ac2250cb76bb32944fd2c8a3ba2cd3f79747748d)

/*
 * CDDL HEADER START
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
 * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
 * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *
 * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
 * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
 * and limitations under the License.
 *
 * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
 * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
 * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
 * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
 * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
 *
 * CDDL HEADER END
 */
/*
 * Copyright 2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
 * Use is subject to license terms.
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2012 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
 * Copyright 2019 Joyent, Inc.
 * Copyright 2022 Oxide Computer Company
 * Copyright 2026 OmniOS Community Edition (OmniOSce) Association.
 */

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/devops.h>
#include <sys/conf.h>
#include <sys/modctl.h>
#include <sys/sunddi.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/poll_impl.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/kmem.h>
#include <sys/mkdev.h>
#include <sys/debug.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/bitmap.h>
#include <sys/devpoll.h>
#include <sys/rctl.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <sys/schedctl.h>
#include <sys/epoll.h>

#define	RESERVED	1

/* local data struct */
static	dp_entry_t	**devpolltbl;	/* dev poll entries */
static	size_t		dptblsize;

static	kmutex_t	devpoll_lock;	/* lock protecting dev tbl */
int			devpoll_init;	/* is /dev/poll initialized already */

/* device local functions */

static int dpopen(dev_t *devp, int flag, int otyp, cred_t *credp);
static int dpwrite(dev_t dev, struct uio *uiop, cred_t *credp);
static int dpioctl(dev_t dev, int cmd, intptr_t arg, int mode, cred_t *credp,
    int *rvalp);
static int dppoll(dev_t dev, short events, int anyyet, short *reventsp,
    struct pollhead **phpp);
static int dpclose(dev_t dev, int flag, int otyp, cred_t *credp);
static dev_info_t *dpdevi;


static struct cb_ops    dp_cb_ops = {
	dpopen,			/* open */
	dpclose,		/* close */
	nodev,			/* strategy */
	nodev,			/* print */
	nodev,			/* dump */
	nodev,			/* read */
	dpwrite,		/* write */
	dpioctl,		/* ioctl */
	nodev,			/* devmap */
	nodev,			/* mmap */
	nodev,			/* segmap */
	dppoll,			/* poll */
	ddi_prop_op,		/* prop_op */
	(struct streamtab *)0,	/* streamtab */
	D_MP,			/* flags */
	CB_REV,			/* cb_ops revision */
	nodev,			/* aread */
	nodev			/* awrite */
};

static int dpattach(dev_info_t *, ddi_attach_cmd_t);
static int dpdetach(dev_info_t *, ddi_detach_cmd_t);
static int dpinfo(dev_info_t *, ddi_info_cmd_t, void *, void **);

static struct dev_ops dp_ops = {
	DEVO_REV,		/* devo_rev */
	0,			/* refcnt */
	dpinfo,			/* info */
	nulldev,		/* identify */
	nulldev,		/* probe */
	dpattach,		/* attach */
	dpdetach,		/* detach */
	nodev,			/* reset */
	&dp_cb_ops,		/* driver operations */
	(struct bus_ops *)NULL, /* bus operations */
	nulldev,		/* power */
	ddi_quiesce_not_needed,		/* quiesce */
};


static struct modldrv modldrv = {
	&mod_driverops,		/* type of module - a driver */
	"/dev/poll driver",
	&dp_ops,
};

static struct modlinkage modlinkage = {
	MODREV_1,
	(void *)&modldrv,
	NULL
};

static void pcachelink_assoc(pollcache_t *, pollcache_t *);
static void pcachelink_mark_stale(pollcache_t *);
static void pcachelink_purge_stale(pollcache_t *);
static void pcachelink_purge_all(pollcache_t *);


/*
 * Locking Design
 *
 * The /dev/poll driver shares most of its code with poll sys call whose
 * code is in common/syscall/poll.c. In poll(2) design, the pollcache
 * structure is per lwp. An implicit assumption is made there that some
 * portion of pollcache will never be touched by other lwps. E.g., in
 * poll(2) design, no lwp will ever need to grow bitmap of other lwp.
 * This assumption is not true for /dev/poll; hence the need for extra
 * locking.
 *
 * To allow more parallelism, each /dev/poll file descriptor (indexed by
 * minor number) has its own lock. Since read (dpioctl) is a much more
 * frequent operation than write, we want to allow multiple reads on same
 * /dev/poll fd. However, we prevent writes from being starved by giving
 * priority to write operation. Theoretically writes can starve reads as
 * well. But in practical sense this is not important because (1) writes
 * happens less often than reads, and (2) write operation defines the
 * content of poll fd a cache set. If writes happens so often that they
 * can starve reads, that means the cached set is very unstable. It may
 * not make sense to read an unstable cache set anyway. Therefore, the
 * writers starving readers case is not handled in this design.
 */

int
_init()
{
	int	error;

	dptblsize = DEVPOLLSIZE;
	devpolltbl = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (caddr_t) * dptblsize, KM_SLEEP);
	mutex_init(&devpoll_lock, NULL, MUTEX_DEFAULT, NULL);
	devpoll_init = 1;
	if ((error = mod_install(&modlinkage)) != 0) {
		kmem_free(devpolltbl, sizeof (caddr_t) * dptblsize);
		devpoll_init = 0;
	}
	return (error);
}

int
_fini()
{
	int error;

	if ((error = mod_remove(&modlinkage)) != 0) {
		return (error);
	}
	mutex_destroy(&devpoll_lock);
	kmem_free(devpolltbl, sizeof (caddr_t) * dptblsize);
	return (0);
}

int
_info(struct modinfo *modinfop)
{
	return (mod_info(&modlinkage, modinfop));
}

/*ARGSUSED*/
static int
dpattach(dev_info_t *devi, ddi_attach_cmd_t cmd)
{
	if (ddi_create_minor_node(devi, "poll", S_IFCHR, 0, DDI_PSEUDO, 0)
	    == DDI_FAILURE) {
		ddi_remove_minor_node(devi, NULL);
		return (DDI_FAILURE);
	}
	dpdevi = devi;
	return (DDI_SUCCESS);
}

static int
dpdetach(dev_info_t *devi, ddi_detach_cmd_t cmd)
{
	if (cmd != DDI_DETACH)
		return (DDI_FAILURE);

	ddi_remove_minor_node(devi, NULL);
	return (DDI_SUCCESS);
}

/* ARGSUSED */
static int
dpinfo(dev_info_t *dip, ddi_info_cmd_t infocmd, void *arg, void **result)
{
	int error;

	switch (infocmd) {
	case DDI_INFO_DEVT2DEVINFO:
		*result = (void *)dpdevi;
		error = DDI_SUCCESS;
		break;
	case DDI_INFO_DEVT2INSTANCE:
		*result = (void *)0;
		error = DDI_SUCCESS;
		break;
	default:
		error = DDI_FAILURE;
	}
	return (error);
}

/*
 * dp_pcache_poll has similar logic to pcache_poll() in poll.c. The major
 * differences are: (1) /dev/poll requires scanning the bitmap starting at
 * where it was stopped last time, instead of always starting from 0,
 * (2) since user may not have cleaned up the cached fds when they are
 * closed, some polldats in cache may refer to closed or reused fds. We
 * need to check for those cases.
 *
 * NOTE: Upon closing an fd, automatic poll cache cleanup is done for
 *	 poll(2) caches but NOT for /dev/poll caches. So expect some
 *	 stale entries!
 */
static int
dp_pcache_poll(dp_entry_t *dpep, void *dpbuf, pollcache_t *pcp, nfds_t nfds,
    int *fdcntp)
{
	int		start, ostart, end, fdcnt, error = 0;
	boolean_t	done, no_wrap;
	pollfd_t	*pfdp;
	epoll_event_t	*epoll;
	const short	mask = POLLRDHUP | POLLWRBAND;
	const boolean_t	is_epoll = (dpep->dpe_flag & DP_ISEPOLLCOMPAT) != 0;

	ASSERT(MUTEX_HELD(&pcp->pc_lock));
	if (pcp->pc_bitmap == NULL) {
		/* No Need to search because no poll fd has been cached. */
		return (0);
	}

	if (is_epoll) {
		pfdp = NULL;
		epoll = (epoll_event_t *)dpbuf;
	} else {
		pfdp = (pollfd_t *)dpbuf;
		epoll = NULL;
	}
retry:
	start = ostart = pcp->pc_mapstart;
	end = pcp->pc_mapend;

	if (start == 0) {
		/*
		 * started from every begining, no need to wrap around.
		 */
		no_wrap = B_TRUE;
	} else {
		no_wrap = B_FALSE;
	}
	done = B_FALSE;
	fdcnt = 0;
	while ((fdcnt < nfds) && !done) {
		pollhead_t *php = NULL;
		short revent = 0;
		uf_entry_gen_t gen;
		int fd;

		/*
		 * Examine the bit map in a circular fashion
		 * to avoid starvation. Always resume from
		 * last stop. Scan till end of the map. Then
		 * wrap around.
		 */
		fd = bt_getlowbit(pcp->pc_bitmap, start, end);
		ASSERT(fd <= end);
		if (fd >= 0) {
			file_t *fp;
			polldat_t *pdp;

			if (fd == end) {
				if (no_wrap) {
					done = B_TRUE;
				} else {
					start = 0;
					end = ostart - 1;
					no_wrap = B_TRUE;
				}
			} else {
				start = fd + 1;
			}
			pdp = pcache_lookup_fd(pcp, fd);
repoll:
			ASSERT(pdp != NULL);
			ASSERT(pdp->pd_fd == fd);
			if (pdp->pd_fp == NULL) {
				/*
				 * The fd is POLLREMOVed. This fd is
				 * logically no longer cached. So move
				 * on to the next one.
				 */
				continue;
			}
			if ((fp = getf_gen(fd, &gen)) == NULL) {
				if (is_epoll) {
					/*
					 * In the epoll compatibility case, we
					 * actually perform the implicit
					 * removal to remain closer to the
					 * epoll semantics.
					 */
					pdp->pd_fp = NULL;
					pdp->pd_events = 0;

					polldat_disassociate(pdp);

					BT_CLEAR(pcp->pc_bitmap, fd);
				} else if (pfdp != NULL) {
					/*
					 * The fd has been closed, but user has
					 * not done a POLLREMOVE on this fd
					 * yet. Instead of cleaning it here
					 * implicitly, we return POLLNVAL. This
					 * is consistent with poll(2) polling a
					 * closed fd. Hope this will remind
					 * user to do a POLLREMOVE.
					 */
					pfdp[fdcnt].fd = fd;
					pfdp[fdcnt].revents = POLLNVAL;
					fdcnt++;
				}
				continue;
			}

			/*
			 * Detect a change to the resource underlying a cached
			 * file descriptor.  While the fd generation comparison
			 * will catch nearly all cases, the file_t comparison
			 * is maintained as a failsafe as well.
			 */
			if (gen != pdp->pd_gen || fp != pdp->pd_fp) {
				/*
				 * The user is polling on a cached fd which was
				 * closed and then reused.  Unfortunately there
				 * is no good way to communicate this fact to
				 * the consumer.
				 *
				 * When this situation has been detected, it's
				 * likely that any existing pollhead is
				 * ill-suited to perform proper wake-ups.
				 *
				 * Clean up the old entry under the expectation
				 * that a valid one will be provided as part of
				 * the later VOP_POLL.
				 */
				polldat_disassociate(pdp);

				/*
				 * Since epoll is expected to act on the
				 * underlying 'struct file' (in Linux terms,
				 * our vnode_t would be a closer analog) rather
				 * than the fd itself, an implicit remove
				 * is necessary under these circumstances to
				 * suppress any results (or errors) from the
				 * new resource occupying the fd.
				 */
				if (is_epoll) {
					pdp->pd_fp = NULL;
					pdp->pd_events = 0;
					BT_CLEAR(pcp->pc_bitmap, fd);
					releasef(fd);
					continue;
				} else {
					/*
					 * Regular /dev/poll is unbothered
					 * about the fd reassignment.
					 */
					pdp->pd_fp = fp;
					pdp->pd_gen = gen;
				}
			}

			/*
			 * Skip entries marked with the sentinal value for
			 * having already fired under oneshot conditions.
			 */
			if (pdp->pd_events == POLLONESHOT) {
				releasef(fd);
				BT_CLEAR(pcp->pc_bitmap, fd);
				continue;
			}

			/*
			 * XXX - pollrelock() logic needs to know which
			 * which pollcache lock to grab. It'd be a
			 * cleaner solution if we could pass pcp as
			 * an arguement in VOP_POLL interface instead
			 * of implicitly passing it using thread_t
			 * struct. On the other hand, changing VOP_POLL
			 * interface will require all driver/file system
			 * poll routine to change. May want to revisit
			 * the tradeoff later.
			 */
			curthread->t_pollcache = pcp;
			error = VOP_POLL(fp->f_vnode, pdp->pd_events, 0,
			    &revent, &php, NULL);

			/*
			 * Recheck edge-triggered descriptors which lack a
			 * pollhead.  While this check is performed when an fd
			 * is added to the pollcache in dpwrite(), subsequent
			 * descriptor manipulation could cause a different
			 * resource to be present now.
			 */
			if ((pdp->pd_events & POLLET) && error == 0 &&
			    pdp->pd_php == NULL && php == NULL && revent != 0) {
				short levent = 0;

				/*
				 * The same POLLET-only VOP_POLL is used in an
				 * attempt to coax a pollhead from older
				 * driver logic.
				 */
				error = VOP_POLL(fp->f_vnode, POLLET,
				    0, &levent, &php, NULL);
			}

			curthread->t_pollcache = NULL;
			releasef(fd);
			if (error != 0) {
				break;
			}

			/*
			 * layered devices (e.g. console driver)
			 * may change the vnode and thus the pollhead
			 * pointer out from underneath us.
			 */
			if (php != NULL && pdp->pd_php != NULL &&
			    php != pdp->pd_php) {
				polldat_disassociate(pdp);
				polldat_associate(pdp, php);
				/*
				 * The bit should still be set.
				 */
				ASSERT(BT_TEST(pcp->pc_bitmap, fd));
				goto retry;
			}

			if (revent != 0) {
				if (pfdp != NULL) {
					pfdp[fdcnt].fd = fd;
					pfdp[fdcnt].events = pdp->pd_events;
					pfdp[fdcnt].revents = revent;
				} else if (epoll != NULL) {
					epoll_event_t *ep = &epoll[fdcnt];

					ASSERT(epoll != NULL);
					ep->data.u64 = pdp->pd_epolldata;

					/*
					 * Since POLLNVAL is a legal event for
					 * VOP_POLL handlers to emit, it must
					 * be translated epoll-legal.
					 */
					if (revent & POLLNVAL) {
						revent &= ~POLLNVAL;
						revent |= POLLERR;
					}

					/*
					 * If any of the event bits are set for
					 * which poll and epoll representations
					 * differ, swizzle in the native epoll
					 * values.
					 */
					if (revent & mask) {
						ep->events = (revent & ~mask) |
						    ((revent & POLLRDHUP) ?
						    EPOLLRDHUP : 0) |
						    ((revent & POLLWRBAND) ?
						    EPOLLWRBAND : 0);
					} else {
						ep->events = revent;
					}

					/*
					 * We define POLLWRNORM to be POLLOUT,
					 * but epoll has separate definitions
					 * for them; if POLLOUT is set and the
					 * user has asked for EPOLLWRNORM, set
					 * that as well.
					 */
					if ((revent & POLLOUT) &&
					    (pdp->pd_events & EPOLLWRNORM)) {
						ep->events |= EPOLLWRNORM;
					}
				} else {
					pollstate_t *ps =
					    curthread->t_pollstate;
					/*
					 * The devpoll handle itself is being
					 * polled.  Notify the caller of any
					 * readable event(s), leaving as much
					 * state as possible untouched.
					 */
					VERIFY(fdcnt == 0);
					VERIFY(ps != NULL);

					/*
					 * If a call to pollunlock() fails
					 * during VOP_POLL, skip over the fd
					 * and continue polling.
					 *
					 * Otherwise, report that there is an
					 * event pending.
					 */
					if ((ps->ps_flags & POLLSTATE_ULFAIL)
					    != 0) {
						ps->ps_flags &=
						    ~POLLSTATE_ULFAIL;
						continue;
					} else {
						fdcnt++;
						break;
					}
				}

				/* Handle special polling modes. */
				if (pdp->pd_events & POLLONESHOT) {
					/*
					 * Entries operating under POLLONESHOT
					 * will be marked with a sentinel value
					 * to indicate that they have "fired"
					 * when emitting an event.  This will
					 * disable them from polling until a
					 * later add/modify event rearms them.
					 */
					pdp->pd_events = POLLONESHOT;
					polldat_disassociate(pdp);
					BT_CLEAR(pcp->pc_bitmap, fd);
				} else if (pdp->pd_events & POLLET) {
					/*
					 * Wire up the pollhead which should
					 * have been provided.  Edge-triggered
					 * polling cannot function properly
					 * with drivers which do not emit one.
					 */
					if (php != NULL &&
					    pdp->pd_php == NULL) {
						polldat_associate(pdp, php);
					}

					/*
					 * If the driver has emitted a pollhead,
					 * clear the bit in the bitmap which
					 * effectively latches the edge on a
					 * pollwakeup() from the driver.
					 */
					if (pdp->pd_php != NULL) {
						BT_CLEAR(pcp->pc_bitmap, fd);
					}
				}

				fdcnt++;
			} else if (php != NULL) {
				/*
				 * We clear a bit or cache a poll fd if
				 * the driver returns a poll head ptr,
				 * which is expected in the case of 0
				 * revents. Some buggy driver may return
				 * NULL php pointer with 0 revents. In
				 * this case, we just treat the driver as
				 * "noncachable" and not clearing the bit
				 * in bitmap.
				 */
				if ((pdp->pd_php != NULL) &&
				    ((pcp->pc_flag & PC_POLLWAKE) == 0)) {
					BT_CLEAR(pcp->pc_bitmap, fd);
				}
				if (pdp->pd_php == NULL) {
					polldat_associate(pdp, php);
					/*
					 * An event of interest may have
					 * arrived between the VOP_POLL() and
					 * the polldat_associate(), so we
					 * must check again.
					 */
					goto repoll;
				}
			}
		} else {
			/*
			 * No bit set in the range. Check for wrap around.
			 */
			if (!no_wrap) {
				start = 0;
				end = ostart - 1;
				no_wrap = B_TRUE;
			} else {
				done = B_TRUE;
			}
		}
	}

	if (!done) {
		pcp->pc_mapstart = start;
	}
	ASSERT(*fdcntp == 0);
	*fdcntp = fdcnt;
	return (error);
}

/*ARGSUSED*/
static int
dpopen(dev_t *devp, int flag, int otyp, cred_t *credp)
{
	minor_t		minordev;
	dp_entry_t	*dpep;
	pollcache_t	*pcp;

	ASSERT(devpoll_init);
	ASSERT(dptblsize <= MAXMIN);
	mutex_enter(&devpoll_lock);
	for (minordev = 0; minordev < dptblsize; minordev++) {
		if (devpolltbl[minordev] == NULL) {
			devpolltbl[minordev] = (dp_entry_t *)RESERVED;
			break;
		}
	}
	if (minordev == dptblsize) {
		dp_entry_t	**newtbl;
		size_t		oldsize;

		/*
		 * Used up every entry in the existing devpoll table.
		 * Grow the table by DEVPOLLSIZE.
		 */
		if ((oldsize = dptblsize) >= MAXMIN) {
			mutex_exit(&devpoll_lock);
			return (ENXIO);
		}
		dptblsize += DEVPOLLSIZE;
		if (dptblsize > MAXMIN) {
			dptblsize = MAXMIN;
		}
		newtbl = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (caddr_t) * dptblsize, KM_SLEEP);
		bcopy(devpolltbl, newtbl, sizeof (caddr_t) * oldsize);
		kmem_free(devpolltbl, sizeof (caddr_t) * oldsize);
		devpolltbl = newtbl;
		devpolltbl[minordev] = (dp_entry_t *)RESERVED;
	}
	mutex_exit(&devpoll_lock);

	dpep = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (dp_entry_t), KM_SLEEP);
	/*
	 * allocate a pollcache skeleton here. Delay allocating bitmap
	 * structures until dpwrite() time, since we don't know the
	 * optimal size yet.  We also delay setting the pid until either
	 * dpwrite() or attempt to poll on the instance, allowing parents
	 * to create instances of /dev/poll for their children.  (In the
	 * epoll compatibility case, this check isn't performed to maintain
	 * semantic compatibility.)
	 */
	pcp = pcache_alloc();
	dpep->dpe_pcache = pcp;
	pcp->pc_pid = -1;
	*devp = makedevice(getmajor(*devp), minordev);  /* clone the driver */
	mutex_enter(&devpoll_lock);
	ASSERT(minordev < dptblsize);
	ASSERT(devpolltbl[minordev] == (dp_entry_t *)RESERVED);
	devpolltbl[minordev] = dpep;
	mutex_exit(&devpoll_lock);
	return (0);
}

/*
 * Write to dev/poll add/remove fd's to/from a cached poll fd set,
 * or change poll events for a watched fd.
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
static int
dpwrite(dev_t dev, struct uio *uiop, cred_t *credp)
{
	minor_t		minor;
	dp_entry_t	*dpep;
	pollcache_t	*pcp;
	pollfd_t	*pollfdp, *pfdp;
	dvpoll_epollfd_t *epfdp;
	uintptr_t	limit;
	int		error;
	uint_t		size;
	size_t		copysize, uiosize;
	nfds_t		pollfdnum;
	boolean_t	is_epoll, fds_added = B_FALSE;

	minor = getminor(dev);

	mutex_enter(&devpoll_lock);
	ASSERT(minor < dptblsize);
	dpep = devpolltbl[minor];
	ASSERT(dpep != NULL);
	mutex_exit(&devpoll_lock);

	mutex_enter(&dpep->dpe_lock);
	pcp = dpep->dpe_pcache;
	is_epoll = (dpep->dpe_flag & DP_ISEPOLLCOMPAT) != 0;
	size = (is_epoll) ? sizeof (dvpoll_epollfd_t) : sizeof (pollfd_t);
	mutex_exit(&dpep->dpe_lock);

	if (!is_epoll && curproc->p_pid != pcp->pc_pid) {
		if (pcp->pc_pid != -1) {
			return (EACCES);
		}

		pcp->pc_pid = curproc->p_pid;
	}

	if (uiop->uio_resid < 0) {
		/* No one else is this careful, but maybe they should be. */
		return (EINVAL);
	}

	uiosize = (size_t)uiop->uio_resid;
	pollfdnum = uiosize / size;

	/*
	 * For epoll-enabled handles, restrict the allowed write size to 2.
	 * This corresponds to an epoll_ctl(3C) performing an EPOLL_CTL_MOD
	 * operation which is expanded into two operations (DEL and ADD).
	 *
	 * All other operations performed through epoll_ctl(3C) will consist of
	 * a single entry.
	 */
	if (is_epoll && pollfdnum > 2) {
		return (EINVAL);
	}

	/*
	 * We want to make sure that pollfdnum isn't large enough to DoS us,
	 * but we also don't want to grab p_lock unnecessarily -- so we
	 * perform the full check against our resource limits if and only if
	 * pollfdnum is larger than the known-to-be-sane value of UINT8_MAX.
	 */
	if (pollfdnum > UINT8_MAX) {
		mutex_enter(&curproc->p_lock);
		if (pollfdnum >
		    (uint_t)rctl_enforced_value(rctlproc_legacy[RLIMIT_NOFILE],
		    curproc->p_rctls, curproc)) {
			(void) rctl_action(rctlproc_legacy[RLIMIT_NOFILE],
			    curproc->p_rctls, curproc, RCA_SAFE);
			mutex_exit(&curproc->p_lock);
			return (EINVAL);
		}
		mutex_exit(&curproc->p_lock);
	}

	/*
	 * Copy in the pollfd array.  Walk through the array and add
	 * each polled fd to the cached set.
	 */
	pollfdp = kmem_alloc(uiosize, KM_SLEEP);
	limit = (uintptr_t)pollfdp + (pollfdnum * size);

	/*
	 * Although /dev/poll uses the write(2) interface to cache fds, it's
	 * not supposed to function as a seekable device. To prevent offset
	 * from growing and eventually exceed the maximum, reset the offset
	 * here for every call.
	 */
	uiop->uio_loffset = 0;

	/*
	 * Use uiocopy instead of uiomove when populating pollfdp, keeping
	 * uio_resid untouched for now.  Write syscalls will translate EINTR
	 * into a success if they detect "successfully transfered" data via an
	 * updated uio_resid.  Falsely suppressing such errors is disastrous.
	 */
	if ((error = uiocopy((caddr_t)pollfdp, uiosize, UIO_WRITE, uiop,
	    &copysize)) != 0) {
		kmem_free(pollfdp, uiosize);
		return (error);
	}

	/*
	 * We are about to enter the core portion of dpwrite(). Make sure this
	 * write has exclusive access in this portion of the code, i.e., no
	 * other writers in this code.
	 *
	 * Waiting for all readers to drop their references to the dpe is
	 * unecessary since the pollcache itself is protected by pc_lock.
	 */
	mutex_enter(&dpep->dpe_lock);
	dpep->dpe_writerwait++;
	while ((dpep->dpe_flag & DP_WRITER_PRESENT) != 0) {
		ASSERT(dpep->dpe_refcnt != 0);

		/*
		 * The epoll API does not allow EINTR as a result when making
		 * modifications to the set of polled fds.  Given that write
		 * activity is relatively quick and the size of accepted writes
		 * is limited above to two entries, a signal-ignorant wait is
		 * used here to avoid the EINTR.
		 */
		if (is_epoll) {
			cv_wait(&dpep->dpe_cv, &dpep->dpe_lock);
			continue;
		}

		/*
		 * Non-epoll writers to /dev/poll handles can tolerate EINTR.
		 */
		if (!cv_wait_sig_swap(&dpep->dpe_cv, &dpep->dpe_lock)) {
			dpep->dpe_writerwait--;
			mutex_exit(&dpep->dpe_lock);
			kmem_free(pollfdp, uiosize);
			return (EINTR);
		}
	}
	dpep->dpe_writerwait--;
	dpep->dpe_flag |= DP_WRITER_PRESENT;
	dpep->dpe_refcnt++;

	if (!is_epoll && (dpep->dpe_flag & DP_ISEPOLLCOMPAT) != 0) {
		/*
		 * The epoll compat mode was enabled while we were waiting to
		 * establish write access. It is not safe to continue since
		 * state was prepared for non-epoll operation.
		 */
		error = EBUSY;
		goto bypass;
	}
	mutex_exit(&dpep->dpe_lock);

	/*
	 * Since the dpwrite() may recursively walk an added /dev/poll handle,
	 * pollstate_enter() deadlock and loop detection must be used.
	 */
	(void) pollstate_create();
	VERIFY(pollstate_enter(pcp) == PSE_SUCCESS);

	if (pcp->pc_bitmap == NULL) {
		pcache_create(pcp, pollfdnum);
	}
	for (pfdp = pollfdp; (uintptr_t)pfdp < limit;
	    pfdp = (pollfd_t *)((uintptr_t)pfdp + size)) {
		int fd = pfdp->fd;
		polldat_t *pdp;

		if ((uint_t)fd >= P_FINFO(curproc)->fi_nfiles) {
			/*
			 * epoll semantics demand that we return EBADF if our
			 * specified fd is invalid.
			 */
			if (is_epoll) {
				error = EBADF;
				break;
			}

			continue;
		}

		pdp = pcache_lookup_fd(pcp, fd);
		if (pfdp->events != POLLREMOVE) {
			uf_entry_gen_t gen;
			file_t *fp = NULL;
			struct pollhead *php = NULL;

			/*
			 * If we're in epoll compatibility mode, check that the
			 * fd is valid before allocating anything for it; epoll
			 * semantics demand that we return EBADF if our
			 * specified fd is invalid.
			 */
			if (is_epoll) {
				if ((fp = getf_gen(fd, &gen)) == NULL) {
					error = EBADF;
					break;
				}
			}
			if (pdp == NULL) {
				pdp = pcache_alloc_fd(0);
				pdp->pd_fd = fd;
				pdp->pd_pcache = pcp;
				pcache_insert_fd(pcp, pdp, pollfdnum);
			}

			if (is_epoll) {
				/*
				 * If the fd is already a member of the epoll
				 * set, error emission is needed only when the
				 * fd assignment generation matches the one
				 * recorded in the polldat_t.  Absence of such
				 * a generation match indicates that a new
				 * resource has been assigned at that fd.
				 *
				 * Caveat: It is possible to force a generation
				 * update while keeping the same backing
				 * resource.  This is possible via dup2, but
				 * does not represent real-world use cases,
				 * making the lack of error acceptable.
				 */
				if (pdp->pd_fp != NULL && pdp->pd_gen == gen) {
					error = EEXIST;
					releasef(fd);
					break;
				}

				/*
				 * We have decided that the cached information
				 * was stale.  Reset pd_events to assure that
				 * we don't mistakenly operate on cached event
				 * disposition.  This configures the implicit
				 * subscription to HUP and ERR events which
				 * epoll features.
				 */
				pdp->pd_events = POLLERR|POLLHUP;

				epfdp = (dvpoll_epollfd_t *)pfdp;
				pdp->pd_epolldata = epfdp->dpep_data;
			}

			ASSERT(pdp->pd_fd == fd);
			ASSERT(pdp->pd_pcache == pcp);
			if (fd >= pcp->pc_mapsize) {
				mutex_exit(&pcp->pc_lock);
				pcache_grow_map(pcp, fd);
				mutex_enter(&pcp->pc_lock);
			}
			if (fd > pcp->pc_mapend) {
				pcp->pc_mapend = fd;
			}

			if (!is_epoll) {
				ASSERT(fp == NULL);

				if ((fp = getf_gen(fd, &gen)) == NULL) {
					/*
					 * The fd is not valid. Since we can't
					 * pass this error back in the write()
					 * call, set the bit in bitmap to force
					 * DP_POLL ioctl to examine it.
					 */
					BT_SET(pcp->pc_bitmap, fd);
					pdp->pd_events |= pfdp->events;
					continue;
				}
				/*
				 * Don't do VOP_POLL for an already cached fd
				 * with same poll events.
				 */
				if ((pdp->pd_events == pfdp->events) &&
				    (pdp->pd_fp == fp)) {
					/*
					 * the events are already cached
					 */
					releasef(fd);
					continue;
				}
			}


			/*
			 * do VOP_POLL and cache this poll fd.
			 */
			/*
			 * XXX - pollrelock() logic needs to know which
			 * which pollcache lock to grab. It'd be a
			 * cleaner solution if we could pass pcp as
			 * an arguement in VOP_POLL interface instead
			 * of implicitly passing it using thread_t
			 * struct. On the other hand, changing VOP_POLL
			 * interface will require all driver/file system
			 * poll routine to change. May want to revisit
			 * the tradeoff later.
			 */
			curthread->t_pollcache = pcp;
			error = VOP_POLL(fp->f_vnode, pfdp->events, 0,
			    &pfdp->revents, &php, NULL);

			/*
			 * Edge-triggered polling requires a pollhead in order
			 * to initiate wake-ups properly.  Drivers which are
			 * savvy to POLLET presence, which should include
			 * everything in-gate, will always emit one, regardless
			 * of revent status.  Older drivers which only emit a
			 * pollhead if 'revents == 0' are given a second chance
			 * here via a second VOP_POLL, with only POLLET set in
			 * the events of interest.  These circumstances should
			 * induce any cacheable drivers to emit a pollhead for
			 * wake-ups.
			 *
			 * Drivers which never emit a pollhead will simply
			 * disobey the expectation of edge-triggered behavior.
			 * This includes recursive epoll which, even on Linux,
			 * yields its events in a level-triggered fashion only.
			 */
			if ((pfdp->events & POLLET) != 0 && error == 0 &&
			    php == NULL) {
				short levent = 0;

				error = VOP_POLL(fp->f_vnode, POLLET, 0,
				    &levent, &php, NULL);
			}

			curthread->t_pollcache = NULL;
			/*
			 * We always set the bit when this fd is cached;
			 * this forces the first DP_POLL to poll this fd.
			 * Real performance gain comes from subsequent
			 * DP_POLL.  We also attempt a polldat_associate();
			 * if it's not possible, we'll do it in dpioctl().
			 */
			BT_SET(pcp->pc_bitmap, fd);
			if (error != 0) {
				releasef(fd);
				break;
			}
			pdp->pd_fp = fp;
			pdp->pd_gen = gen;
			pdp->pd_events |= pfdp->events;
			if (php != NULL) {
				if (pdp->pd_php == NULL) {
					polldat_associate(pdp, php);
				} else {
					if (pdp->pd_php != php) {
						polldat_disassociate(pdp);
						polldat_associate(pdp, php);
					}
				}
			}
			fds_added = B_TRUE;
			releasef(fd);
		} else {
			if (pdp == NULL || pdp->pd_fp == NULL) {
				if (is_epoll) {
					/*
					 * As with the add case (above), epoll
					 * semantics demand that we error out
					 * in this case.
					 */
					error = ENOENT;
					break;
				}

				continue;
			}
			ASSERT(pdp->pd_fd == fd);
			pdp->pd_fp = NULL;
			pdp->pd_events = 0;
			ASSERT(pdp->pd_thread == NULL);
			polldat_disassociate(pdp);
			BT_CLEAR(pcp->pc_bitmap, fd);
		}
	}
	/*
	 * Wake any pollcache waiters so they can check the new descriptors.
	 *
	 * Any fds added to an recursive-capable pollcache could themselves be
	 * /dev/poll handles. To ensure that proper event propagation occurs,
	 * parent pollcaches are woken too, so that they can create any needed
	 * pollcache links.
	 */
	if (fds_added) {
		cv_broadcast(&pcp->pc_cv);
		pcache_wake_parents(pcp);
	}
	pollstate_exit(pcp);
	mutex_enter(&dpep->dpe_lock);
bypass:
	dpep->dpe_flag &= ~DP_WRITER_PRESENT;
	dpep->dpe_refcnt--;
	cv_broadcast(&dpep->dpe_cv);
	mutex_exit(&dpep->dpe_lock);
	kmem_free(pollfdp, uiosize);
	if (error == 0) {
		/*
		 * The state of uio_resid is updated only after the pollcache
		 * is successfully modified.
		 */
		uioskip(uiop, copysize);
	}
	return (error);
}

#define	DP_SIGMASK_RESTORE(ksetp) {					\
	if (ksetp != NULL) {						\
		mutex_enter(&p->p_lock);				\
		if (lwp->lwp_cursig == 0) {				\
			t->t_hold = lwp->lwp_sigoldmask;		\
			t->t_flag &= ~T_TOMASK;				\
		}							\
		mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);					\
	}								\
}

/*ARGSUSED*/
static int
dpioctl(dev_t dev, int cmd, intptr_t arg, int mode, cred_t *credp, int *rvalp)
{
	minor_t		minor;
	dp_entry_t	*dpep;
	pollcache_t	*pcp;
	hrtime_t	now;
	int		error = 0;
	boolean_t	is_epoll;
	STRUCT_DECL(dvpoll, dvpoll);

	if (cmd == DP_POLL || cmd == DP_PPOLL) {
		/* do this now, before we sleep on DP_WRITER_PRESENT */
		now = gethrtime();
	}

	minor = getminor(dev);
	mutex_enter(&devpoll_lock);
	ASSERT(minor < dptblsize);
	dpep = devpolltbl[minor];
	mutex_exit(&devpoll_lock);
	ASSERT(dpep != NULL);
	pcp = dpep->dpe_pcache;

	mutex_enter(&dpep->dpe_lock);
	is_epoll = (dpep->dpe_flag & DP_ISEPOLLCOMPAT) != 0;

	if (cmd == DP_EPOLLCOMPAT) {
		if (dpep->dpe_refcnt != 0) {
			/*
			 * We can't turn on epoll compatibility while there
			 * are outstanding operations.
			 */
			mutex_exit(&dpep->dpe_lock);
			return (EBUSY);
		}

		/*
		 * epoll compatibility is a one-way street: there's no way
		 * to turn it off for a particular open.
		 */
		dpep->dpe_flag |= DP_ISEPOLLCOMPAT;

		/* Record the epoll-enabled nature in the pollcache too */
		mutex_enter(&pcp->pc_lock);
		pcp->pc_flag |= PC_EPOLL;
		mutex_exit(&pcp->pc_lock);

		mutex_exit(&dpep->dpe_lock);
		return (0);
	}

	if (!is_epoll && curproc->p_pid != pcp->pc_pid) {
		if (pcp->pc_pid != -1) {
			mutex_exit(&dpep->dpe_lock);
			return (EACCES);
		}

		pcp->pc_pid = curproc->p_pid;
	}

	/* Wait until all writers have cleared the handle before continuing */
	while ((dpep->dpe_flag & DP_WRITER_PRESENT) != 0 ||
	    (dpep->dpe_writerwait != 0)) {
		if (!cv_wait_sig_swap(&dpep->dpe_cv, &dpep->dpe_lock)) {
			mutex_exit(&dpep->dpe_lock);
			return (EINTR);
		}
	}
	dpep->dpe_refcnt++;
	mutex_exit(&dpep->dpe_lock);

	switch (cmd) {
	case	DP_POLL:
	case	DP_PPOLL:
	{
		pollstate_t	*ps;
		nfds_t		nfds;
		int		fdcnt = 0;
		size_t		size, fdsize, dpsize;
		hrtime_t	deadline = 0;
		k_sigset_t	*ksetp = NULL;
		k_sigset_t	kset;
		sigset_t	set;
		kthread_t	*t = curthread;
		klwp_t		*lwp = ttolwp(t);
		struct proc	*p = ttoproc(curthread);

		STRUCT_INIT(dvpoll, mode);

		/*
		 * The dp_setp member is only required/consumed for DP_PPOLL,
		 * which otherwise uses the same structure as DP_POLL.
		 */
		if (cmd == DP_POLL) {
			dpsize = (uintptr_t)STRUCT_FADDR(dvpoll, dp_setp) -
			    (uintptr_t)STRUCT_FADDR(dvpoll, dp_fds);
		} else {
			ASSERT(cmd == DP_PPOLL);
			dpsize = STRUCT_SIZE(dvpoll);
		}

		if ((mode & FKIOCTL) != 0) {
			/* Kernel-internal ioctl call */
			bcopy((caddr_t)arg, STRUCT_BUF(dvpoll), dpsize);
			error = 0;
		} else {
			error = copyin((caddr_t)arg, STRUCT_BUF(dvpoll),
			    dpsize);
		}

		if (error) {
			DP_REFRELE(dpep);
			return (EFAULT);
		}

		deadline = STRUCT_FGET(dvpoll, dp_timeout);
		if (deadline > 0) {
			/*
			 * Convert the deadline from relative milliseconds
			 * to absolute nanoseconds.  They must wait for at
			 * least a tick.
			 */
			deadline = MSEC2NSEC(deadline);
			deadline = MAX(deadline, nsec_per_tick);
			deadline += now;
		}

		if (cmd == DP_PPOLL) {
			void *setp = STRUCT_FGETP(dvpoll, dp_setp);

			if (setp != NULL) {
				if ((mode & FKIOCTL) != 0) {
					/* Use the signal set directly */
					ksetp = (k_sigset_t *)setp;
				} else {
					if (copyin(setp, &set, sizeof (set))) {
						DP_REFRELE(dpep);
						return (EFAULT);
					}
					sigutok(&set, &kset);
					ksetp = &kset;
				}

				mutex_enter(&p->p_lock);
				schedctl_finish_sigblock(t);
				lwp->lwp_sigoldmask = t->t_hold;
				t->t_hold = *ksetp;
				t->t_flag |= T_TOMASK;

				/*
				 * Like ppoll() with a non-NULL sigset, we'll
				 * call cv_reltimedwait_sig() just to check for
				 * signals.  This call will return immediately
				 * with either 0 (signalled) or -1 (no signal).
				 * There are some conditions whereby we can
				 * get 0 from cv_reltimedwait_sig() without
				 * a true signal (e.g., a directed stop), so
				 * we restore our signal mask in the unlikely
				 * event that lwp_cursig is 0.
				 */
				if (!cv_reltimedwait_sig(&t->t_delay_cv,
				    &p->p_lock, 0, TR_CLOCK_TICK)) {
					if (lwp->lwp_cursig == 0) {
						t->t_hold = lwp->lwp_sigoldmask;
						t->t_flag &= ~T_TOMASK;
					}

					mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);

					DP_REFRELE(dpep);
					return (EINTR);
				}

				mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);
			}
		}

		if ((nfds = STRUCT_FGET(dvpoll, dp_nfds)) == 0) {
			/*
			 * We are just using DP_POLL to sleep, so
			 * we don't any of the devpoll apparatus.
			 * Do not check for signals if we have a zero timeout.
			 */
			DP_REFRELE(dpep);
			if (deadline == 0) {
				DP_SIGMASK_RESTORE(ksetp);
				return (0);
			}

			mutex_enter(&curthread->t_delay_lock);
			while ((error =
			    cv_timedwait_sig_hrtime(&curthread->t_delay_cv,
			    &curthread->t_delay_lock, deadline)) > 0)
				continue;
			mutex_exit(&curthread->t_delay_lock);

			DP_SIGMASK_RESTORE(ksetp);

			return (error == 0 ? EINTR : 0);
		}

		fdsize = is_epoll ?
		    sizeof (epoll_event_t) : sizeof (pollfd_t);

		/*
		 * Guard against integer overflow in the nfds * fdsize
		 * calculation below. Without this check, a sufficiently
		 * large nfds could overflow to a small size, bypassing the
		 * buffer reallocation and allowing a heap overflow.
		 */
		if (nfds > SIZE_MAX / fdsize) {
			DP_REFRELE(dpep);
			DP_SIGMASK_RESTORE(ksetp);
			return (EINVAL);
		}

		size = nfds * fdsize;

		/*
		 * XXX It would be nice not to have to alloc each time, but it
		 * requires another per thread structure hook. This can be
		 * implemented later if data suggests that it's necessary.
		 */
		ps = pollstate_create();

		if (ps->ps_dpbufsize < size) {
			/*
			 * If nfds is larger than twice the current maximum
			 * open file count, we'll silently clamp it.  This
			 * only limits our exposure to allocating an
			 * inordinate amount of kernel memory; it doesn't
			 * otherwise affect the semantics.  (We have this
			 * check at twice the maximum instead of merely the
			 * maximum because some applications pass an nfds that
			 * is only slightly larger than their limit.)
			 */
			mutex_enter(&p->p_lock);
			if ((nfds >> 1) > p->p_fno_ctl) {
				nfds = p->p_fno_ctl;
				size = nfds * fdsize;
			}
			mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);

			if (ps->ps_dpbufsize < size) {
				kmem_free(ps->ps_dpbuf, ps->ps_dpbufsize);
				ps->ps_dpbuf = kmem_zalloc(size, KM_SLEEP);
				ps->ps_dpbufsize = size;
			}
		}

		VERIFY(pollstate_enter(pcp) == PSE_SUCCESS);
		for (;;) {
			pcp->pc_flag &= ~PC_POLLWAKE;

			/*
			 * Mark all child pcachelinks as stale.
			 * Those which are still part of the tree will be
			 * marked as valid during the poll.
			 */
			pcachelink_mark_stale(pcp);

			error = dp_pcache_poll(dpep, ps->ps_dpbuf,
			    pcp, nfds, &fdcnt);
			if (fdcnt > 0 || error != 0)
				break;

			/* Purge still-stale child pcachelinks */
			pcachelink_purge_stale(pcp);

			/*
			 * A pollwake has happened since we polled cache.
			 */
			if (pcp->pc_flag & PC_POLLWAKE)
				continue;

			/*
			 * Sleep until we are notified, signaled, or timed out.
			 */
			if (deadline == 0) {
				/* immediate timeout; do not check signals */
				break;
			}

			error = cv_timedwait_sig_hrtime(&pcp->pc_cv,
			    &pcp->pc_lock, deadline);

			/*
			 * If we were awakened by a signal or timeout then
			 * break the loop, else poll again.
			 */
			if (error <= 0) {
				error = (error == 0) ? EINTR : 0;
				break;
			} else {
				error = 0;
			}
		}
		pollstate_exit(pcp);

		DP_SIGMASK_RESTORE(ksetp);

		if (error == 0 && fdcnt > 0) {
			/*
			 * It should be noted that FKIOCTL does not influence
			 * the copyout (vs bcopy) of dp_fds at this time.
			 */
			if (copyout(ps->ps_dpbuf,
			    STRUCT_FGETP(dvpoll, dp_fds), fdcnt * fdsize)) {
				DP_REFRELE(dpep);
				return (EFAULT);
			}
			*rvalp = fdcnt;
		}
		break;
	}

	case	DP_ISPOLLED:
	{
		pollfd_t	pollfd;
		polldat_t	*pdp;

		STRUCT_INIT(dvpoll, mode);
		error = copyin((caddr_t)arg, &pollfd, sizeof (pollfd_t));
		if (error) {
			DP_REFRELE(dpep);
			return (EFAULT);
		}
		mutex_enter(&pcp->pc_lock);
		if (pcp->pc_hash == NULL) {
			/*
			 * No Need to search because no poll fd
			 * has been cached.
			 */
			mutex_exit(&pcp->pc_lock);
			DP_REFRELE(dpep);
			return (0);
		}
		if (pollfd.fd < 0) {
			mutex_exit(&pcp->pc_lock);
			break;
		}
		pdp = pcache_lookup_fd(pcp, pollfd.fd);
		if ((pdp != NULL) && (pdp->pd_fd == pollfd.fd) &&
		    (pdp->pd_fp != NULL)) {
			pollfd.revents = pdp->pd_events;
			if (copyout(&pollfd, (caddr_t)arg, sizeof (pollfd_t))) {
				mutex_exit(&pcp->pc_lock);
				DP_REFRELE(dpep);
				return (EFAULT);
			}
			*rvalp = 1;
		}
		mutex_exit(&pcp->pc_lock);
		break;
	}

	default:
		DP_REFRELE(dpep);
		return (EINVAL);
	}
	DP_REFRELE(dpep);
	return (error);
}

/*
 * Overview of Recursive Polling
 *
 * It is possible for /dev/poll to poll for events on file descriptors which
 * themselves are /dev/poll handles.  Pending events in the child handle are
 * represented as readable data via the POLLIN flag.  To limit surface area,
 * this recursion is presently allowed on only /dev/poll handles which have
 * been placed in epoll mode via the DP_EPOLLCOMPAT ioctl.  Recursion depth is
 * limited to 5 in order to be consistent with Linux epoll.
 *
 * Extending dppoll() for VOP_POLL:
 *
 * The recursive /dev/poll implementation begins by extending dppoll() to
 * report when resources contained in the pollcache have relevant event state.
 * At the highest level, it means calling dp_pcache_poll() so it indicates if
 * fd events are present without consuming them or altering the pollcache
 * bitmap.  This ensures that a subsequent DP_POLL operation on the bitmap will
 * yield the initiating event.  Additionally, the VOP_POLL should return in
 * such a way that dp_pcache_poll() does not clear the parent bitmap entry
 * which corresponds to the child /dev/poll fd.  This means that child
 * pollcaches will be checked during every poll which facilitates wake-up
 * behavior detailed below.
 *
 * Pollcache Links and Wake Events:
 *
 * Recursive /dev/poll avoids complicated pollcache locking constraints during
 * pollwakeup events by eschewing the traditional pollhead mechanism in favor
 * of a different approach.  For each pollcache at the root of a recursive
 * /dev/poll "tree", pcachelink_t structures are established to all child
 * /dev/poll pollcaches.  During pollnotify() in a child pollcache, the
 * linked list of pcachelink_t entries is walked, where those marked as valid
 * incur a cv_broadcast to their parent pollcache.  Most notably, these
 * pcachelink_t cv wakeups are performed without acquiring pc_lock on the
 * parent pollcache (which would require careful deadlock avoidance).  This
 * still allows the woken poll on the parent to discover the pertinent events
 * due to the fact that bitmap entires for the child pollcache are always
 * maintained by the dppoll() logic above.
 *
 * Depth Limiting and Loop Prevention:
 *
 * As each pollcache is encountered (either via DP_POLL or dppoll()), depth and
 * loop constraints are enforced via pollstate_enter().  The pollcache_t
 * pointer is compared against any existing entries in ps_pc_stack and is added
 * to the end if no match (and therefore loop) is found.  Once poll operations
 * for a given pollcache_t are complete, pollstate_exit() clears the pointer
 * from the list.  The pollstate_enter() and pollstate_exit() functions are
 * responsible for acquiring and releasing pc_lock, respectively.
 *
 * Deadlock Safety:
 *
 * Descending through a tree of recursive /dev/poll handles involves the tricky
 * business of sequentially entering multiple pollcache locks.  This tree
 * topology cannot define a lock acquisition order in such a way that it is
 * immune to deadlocks between threads.  The pollstate_enter() and
 * pollstate_exit() functions provide an interface for recursive /dev/poll
 * operations to safely lock pollcaches while failing gracefully in the face of
 * deadlocking topologies. (See pollstate_contend() for more detail about how
 * deadlocks are detected and resolved.)
 */

/*ARGSUSED*/
static int
dppoll(dev_t dev, short events, int anyyet, short *reventsp,
    struct pollhead **phpp)
{
	minor_t		minor;
	dp_entry_t	*dpep;
	pollcache_t	*pcp;
	int		res, rc = 0;

	minor = getminor(dev);
	mutex_enter(&devpoll_lock);
	ASSERT(minor < dptblsize);
	dpep = devpolltbl[minor];
	ASSERT(dpep != NULL);
	mutex_exit(&devpoll_lock);

	mutex_enter(&dpep->dpe_lock);
	if ((dpep->dpe_flag & DP_ISEPOLLCOMPAT) == 0) {
		/* Poll recursion is not yet supported for non-epoll handles */
		*reventsp = POLLERR;
		mutex_exit(&dpep->dpe_lock);
		return (0);
	} else {
		dpep->dpe_refcnt++;
		pcp = dpep->dpe_pcache;
		mutex_exit(&dpep->dpe_lock);
	}

	res = pollstate_enter(pcp);
	if (res == PSE_SUCCESS) {
		nfds_t		nfds = 1;
		int		fdcnt = 0;
		pollstate_t	*ps = curthread->t_pollstate;

		/*
		 * Recursive polling will only emit certain events.  Skip a
		 * scan of the pollcache if those events are not of interest.
		 */
		if (events & (POLLIN|POLLRDNORM)) {
			rc = dp_pcache_poll(dpep, NULL, pcp, nfds, &fdcnt);
		} else {
			rc = 0;
			fdcnt = 0;
		}

		if (rc == 0 && fdcnt > 0) {
			*reventsp = POLLIN|POLLRDNORM;
		} else {
			*reventsp = 0;
		}
		pcachelink_assoc(pcp, ps->ps_pc_stack[0]);
		pollstate_exit(pcp);
	} else {
		switch (res) {
		case PSE_FAIL_DEPTH:
			rc = EINVAL;
			break;
		case PSE_FAIL_LOOP:
		case PSE_FAIL_DEADLOCK:
			rc = ELOOP;
			break;
		default:
			/*
			 * If anything else has gone awry, such as being polled
			 * from an unexpected context, fall back to the
			 * recursion-intolerant response.
			 */
			*reventsp = POLLERR;
			rc = 0;
			break;
		}
	}

	DP_REFRELE(dpep);
	return (rc);
}

/*
 * devpoll close should do enough clean up before the pollcache is deleted,
 * i.e., it should ensure no one still references the pollcache later.
 * There is no "permission" check in here. Any process having the last
 * reference of this /dev/poll fd can close.
 */
/*ARGSUSED*/
static int
dpclose(dev_t dev, int flag, int otyp, cred_t *credp)
{
	minor_t		minor;
	dp_entry_t	*dpep;
	pollcache_t	*pcp;
	int		i;
	polldat_t	**hashtbl;
	polldat_t	*pdp;

	minor = getminor(dev);

	mutex_enter(&devpoll_lock);
	dpep = devpolltbl[minor];
	ASSERT(dpep != NULL);
	devpolltbl[minor] = NULL;
	mutex_exit(&devpoll_lock);
	pcp = dpep->dpe_pcache;
	ASSERT(pcp != NULL);
	/*
	 * At this point, no other lwp can access this pollcache via the
	 * /dev/poll fd. This pollcache is going away, so do the clean
	 * up without the pc_lock.
	 */
	hashtbl = pcp->pc_hash;
	for (i = 0; i < pcp->pc_hashsize; i++) {
		for (pdp = hashtbl[i]; pdp; pdp = pdp->pd_hashnext) {
			polldat_disassociate(pdp);
			pdp->pd_fp = NULL;
		}
	}
	/*
	 * pollwakeup() may still interact with this pollcache. Wait until
	 * it is done.
	 */
	mutex_enter(&pcp->pc_no_exit);
	ASSERT(pcp->pc_busy >= 0);
	while (pcp->pc_busy > 0)
		cv_wait(&pcp->pc_busy_cv, &pcp->pc_no_exit);
	mutex_exit(&pcp->pc_no_exit);

	/* Clean up any pollcache links created via recursive /dev/poll */
	if (pcp->pc_parents != NULL || pcp->pc_children != NULL) {
		/*
		 * Because of the locking rules for pcachelink manipulation,
		 * acquring pc_lock is required for this step.
		 */
		mutex_enter(&pcp->pc_lock);
		pcachelink_purge_all(pcp);
		mutex_exit(&pcp->pc_lock);
	}

	pcache_destroy(pcp);
	ASSERT(dpep->dpe_refcnt == 0);
	kmem_free(dpep, sizeof (dp_entry_t));
	return (0);
}

static void
pcachelink_locked_rele(pcachelink_t *pl)
{
	ASSERT(MUTEX_HELD(&pl->pcl_lock));
	VERIFY(pl->pcl_refcnt >= 1);

	pl->pcl_refcnt--;
	if (pl->pcl_refcnt == 0) {
		VERIFY(pl->pcl_state == PCL_INVALID);
		ASSERT(pl->pcl_parent_pc == NULL);
		ASSERT(pl->pcl_child_pc == NULL);
		ASSERT(pl->pcl_parent_next == NULL);
		ASSERT(pl->pcl_child_next == NULL);

		pl->pcl_state = PCL_FREE;
		mutex_destroy(&pl->pcl_lock);
		kmem_free(pl, sizeof (pcachelink_t));
	} else {
		mutex_exit(&pl->pcl_lock);
	}
}

/*
 * Associate parent and child pollcaches via a pcachelink_t.  If an existing
 * link (stale or valid) between the two is found, it will be reused.  If a
 * suitable link is not found for reuse, a new one will be allocated.
 */
static void
pcachelink_assoc(pollcache_t *child, pollcache_t *parent)
{
	pcachelink_t	*pl, **plpn;

	ASSERT(MUTEX_HELD(&child->pc_lock));
	ASSERT(MUTEX_HELD(&parent->pc_lock));

	/* Search for an existing link we can reuse. */
	plpn = &child->pc_parents;
	for (pl = child->pc_parents; pl != NULL; pl = *plpn) {
		mutex_enter(&pl->pcl_lock);
		if (pl->pcl_state == PCL_INVALID) {
			/* Clean any invalid links while walking the list */
			*plpn = pl->pcl_parent_next;
			pl->pcl_child_pc = NULL;
			pl->pcl_parent_next = NULL;
			pcachelink_locked_rele(pl);
		} else if (pl->pcl_parent_pc == parent) {
			/* Successfully found parent link */
			ASSERT(pl->pcl_state == PCL_VALID ||
			    pl->pcl_state == PCL_STALE);
			pl->pcl_state = PCL_VALID;
			mutex_exit(&pl->pcl_lock);
			return;
		} else {
			plpn = &pl->pcl_parent_next;
			mutex_exit(&pl->pcl_lock);
		}
	}

	/* No existing link to the parent was found.  Create a fresh one. */
	pl = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (pcachelink_t), KM_SLEEP);
	mutex_init(&pl->pcl_lock,  NULL, MUTEX_DEFAULT, NULL);

	pl->pcl_parent_pc = parent;
	pl->pcl_child_next = parent->pc_children;
	parent->pc_children = pl;
	pl->pcl_refcnt++;

	pl->pcl_child_pc = child;
	pl->pcl_parent_next = child->pc_parents;
	child->pc_parents = pl;
	pl->pcl_refcnt++;

	pl->pcl_state = PCL_VALID;
}

/*
 * Mark all child links in a pollcache as stale.  Any invalid child links found
 * during iteration are purged.
 */
static void
pcachelink_mark_stale(pollcache_t *pcp)
{
	pcachelink_t	*pl, **plpn;

	ASSERT(MUTEX_HELD(&pcp->pc_lock));

	plpn = &pcp->pc_children;
	for (pl = pcp->pc_children; pl != NULL; pl = *plpn) {
		mutex_enter(&pl->pcl_lock);
		if (pl->pcl_state == PCL_INVALID) {
			/*
			 * Remove any invalid links while we are going to the
			 * trouble of walking the list.
			 */
			*plpn = pl->pcl_child_next;
			pl->pcl_parent_pc = NULL;
			pl->pcl_child_next = NULL;
			pcachelink_locked_rele(pl);
		} else {
			pl->pcl_state = PCL_STALE;
			plpn = &pl->pcl_child_next;
			mutex_exit(&pl->pcl_lock);
		}
	}
}

/*
 * Purge all stale (or invalid) child links from a pollcache.
 */
static void
pcachelink_purge_stale(pollcache_t *pcp)
{
	pcachelink_t	*pl, **plpn;

	ASSERT(MUTEX_HELD(&pcp->pc_lock));

	plpn = &pcp->pc_children;
	for (pl = pcp->pc_children; pl != NULL; pl = *plpn) {
		mutex_enter(&pl->pcl_lock);
		switch (pl->pcl_state) {
		case PCL_STALE:
			pl->pcl_state = PCL_INVALID;
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		case PCL_INVALID:
			*plpn = pl->pcl_child_next;
			pl->pcl_parent_pc = NULL;
			pl->pcl_child_next = NULL;
			pcachelink_locked_rele(pl);
			break;
		default:
			plpn = &pl->pcl_child_next;
			mutex_exit(&pl->pcl_lock);
		}
	}
}

/*
 * Purge all child and parent links from a pollcache, regardless of status.
 */
static void
pcachelink_purge_all(pollcache_t *pcp)
{
	pcachelink_t	*pl, **plpn;

	ASSERT(MUTEX_HELD(&pcp->pc_lock));

	plpn = &pcp->pc_parents;
	for (pl = pcp->pc_parents; pl != NULL; pl = *plpn) {
		mutex_enter(&pl->pcl_lock);
		pl->pcl_state = PCL_INVALID;
		*plpn = pl->pcl_parent_next;
		pl->pcl_child_pc = NULL;
		pl->pcl_parent_next = NULL;
		pcachelink_locked_rele(pl);
	}

	plpn = &pcp->pc_children;
	for (pl = pcp->pc_children; pl != NULL; pl = *plpn) {
		mutex_enter(&pl->pcl_lock);
		pl->pcl_state = PCL_INVALID;
		*plpn = pl->pcl_child_next;
		pl->pcl_parent_pc = NULL;
		pl->pcl_child_next = NULL;
		pcachelink_locked_rele(pl);
	}

	ASSERT(pcp->pc_parents == NULL);
	ASSERT(pcp->pc_children == NULL);
}