xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/tools/btxld/btxld.c (revision 9c88ac3ab4edaa5e8c0130ed1b4b376ea57c545a)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
17  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS
18  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY,
19  * OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT
20  * OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
21  * BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
22  * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE
23  * OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
24  * EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/param.h>
28 #include "endian.h"
29 #include <sys/stat.h>
30 #include <sys/mman.h>
31 
32 /* XXX make this work as an i386/amd64 cross-tool */
33 #undef __LDPGSZ
34 #define __LDPGSZ	4096
35 
36 #include <netinet/in.h>
37 
38 #include "imgact_aout.h"
39 #include <err.h>
40 #include <errno.h>
41 #include <fcntl.h>
42 #include <stdarg.h>
43 #include <stdio.h>
44 #include <stdlib.h>
45 #include <string.h>
46 #include <unistd.h>
47 
48 #include "btx.h"
49 #include "elfh.h"
50 
51 #define BTX_PATH		"/sys/boot/i386/btx"
52 
53 #define I_LDR	0		/* BTX loader */
54 #define I_BTX	1		/* BTX kernel */
55 #define I_CLNT	2		/* Client program */
56 
57 #define F_BIN	0		/* Binary */
58 #define F_AOUT	1		/* ZMAGIC a.out */
59 #define F_ELF	2		/* 32-bit ELF */
60 #define F_CNT	3		/* Number of formats */
61 
62 #define IMPURE	1		/* Writable text */
63 #define MAXU32	0xffffffff	/* Maximum unsigned 32-bit quantity */
64 
65 #define align(x, y) (((x) + (y) - 1) & ~((y) - 1))
66 
67 struct hdr {
68     uint32_t fmt;		/* Format */
69     uint32_t flags;		/* Bit flags */
70     uint32_t size;		/* Size of file */
71     uint32_t text;		/* Size of text segment */
72     uint32_t data;		/* Size of data segment */
73     uint32_t bss;		/* Size of bss segment */
74     uint32_t org;		/* Program origin */
75     uint32_t entry;		/* Program entry point */
76 };
77 
78 static const char *const fmtlist[] = {"bin", "aout", "elf"};
79 
80 static const char binfo[] =
81     "kernel: ver=%u.%02u size=%x load=%x entry=%x map=%uM "
82     "pgctl=%x:%x\n";
83 static const char cinfo[] =
84     "client: fmt=%s size=%x text=%x data=%x bss=%x entry=%x\n";
85 static const char oinfo[] =
86     "output: fmt=%s size=%x text=%x data=%x org=%x entry=%x\n";
87 
88 /* BTX loader and kernel is only provided from command line */
89 static const char *lname = NULL;
90 static const char *bname = NULL;
91 static const char *oname =
92     "a.out";			/* Output filename */
93 
94 static int ppage = -1;		/* First page present */
95 static int wpage = -1;		/* First page writable */
96 
97 static unsigned int format; 	/* Output format */
98 
99 static uint32_t centry; 	/* Client entry address */
100 static uint32_t lentry; 	/* Loader entry address */
101 
102 static int Eflag;		/* Client entry option */
103 
104 static int quiet;		/* Inhibit warnings */
105 static int verbose;		/* Display information */
106 
107 static const char *tname;	/* Temporary output file */
108 static const char *fname;	/* Current input file */
109 
110 static void cleanup(void);
111 static void btxld(const char *);
112 static void getbtx(int, struct btx_hdr *);
113 static void gethdr(int, struct hdr *);
114 static void puthdr(int, struct hdr *);
115 static void copy(int, int, size_t, off_t);
116 static size_t readx(int, void *, size_t, off_t);
117 static void writex(int, const void *, size_t);
118 static void seekx(int, off_t);
119 static unsigned int optfmt(const char *);
120 static uint32_t optaddr(const char *);
121 static int optpage(const char *, int);
122 static void Warn(const char *, const char *, ...);
123 static void usage(void);
124 extern void add_version(const char *, char *);
125 
126 /*
127  * A link editor for BTX clients.
128  */
129 int
130 main(int argc, char *argv[])
131 {
132     int c;
133     char *version = NULL;
134 
135     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "qvb:E:e:f:l:o:P:V:W:")) != -1)
136 	switch (c) {
137 	case 'q':
138 	    quiet = 1;
139 	    break;
140 	case 'v':
141 	    verbose = 1;
142 	    break;
143 	case 'b':
144 	    bname = optarg;
145 	    break;
146 	case 'E':
147 	    centry = optaddr(optarg);
148 	    Eflag = 1;
149 	    break;
150 	case 'e':
151 	    lentry = optaddr(optarg);
152 	    break;
153 	case 'f':
154 	    format = optfmt(optarg);
155 	    break;
156 	case 'l':
157 	    lname = optarg;
158 	    break;
159 	case 'o':
160 	    oname = optarg;
161 	    break;
162 	case 'P':
163 	    ppage = optpage(optarg, 1);
164 	    break;
165 	case 'V':
166 	    version = optarg;
167 	    break;
168 	case 'W':
169 	    wpage = optpage(optarg, BTX_MAXCWR);
170 	    break;
171 	default:
172 	    usage();
173 	}
174     argc -= optind;
175     argv += optind;
176     if (argc != 1)
177 	usage();
178     atexit(cleanup);
179     if (lname != NULL && bname != NULL)
180 	btxld(*argv);
181     if (version != NULL)
182 	add_version(oname, version);
183     return 0;
184 }
185 
186 /*
187  * Clean up after errors.
188  */
189 static void
190 cleanup(void)
191 {
192     if (tname)
193 	remove(tname);
194 }
195 
196 /*
197  * Read the input files; write the output file; display information.
198  */
199 static void
200 btxld(const char *iname)
201 {
202     char name[FILENAME_MAX];
203     struct btx_hdr btx, btxle;
204     struct hdr ihdr, ohdr;
205     unsigned int ldr_size, cwr;
206     int fdi[3], fdo, i;
207 
208     ldr_size = 0;
209 
210     for (i = I_LDR; i <= I_CLNT; i++) {
211 	fname = i == I_LDR ? lname : i == I_BTX ? bname : iname;
212 	if ((fdi[i] = open(fname, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
213 	    err(2, "%s", fname);
214 	switch (i) {
215 	case I_LDR:
216 	    gethdr(fdi[i], &ihdr);
217 	    if (ihdr.fmt != F_BIN)
218 		Warn(fname, "Loader format is %s; processing as %s",
219 		     fmtlist[ihdr.fmt], fmtlist[F_BIN]);
220 	    ldr_size = ihdr.size;
221 	    break;
222 	case I_BTX:
223 	    getbtx(fdi[i], &btx);
224 	    break;
225 	case I_CLNT:
226 	    gethdr(fdi[i], &ihdr);
227 	    if (ihdr.org && ihdr.org != BTX_PGSIZE)
228 		Warn(fname,
229 		     "Client origin is 0x%x; expecting 0 or 0x%x",
230 		     ihdr.org, BTX_PGSIZE);
231 	}
232     }
233     memset(&ohdr, 0, sizeof(ohdr));
234     ohdr.fmt = format;
235     ohdr.text = ldr_size;
236     ohdr.data = btx.btx_textsz + ihdr.size;
237     ohdr.org = lentry;
238     ohdr.entry = lentry;
239     cwr = 0;
240     if (wpage > 0 || (wpage == -1 && !(ihdr.flags & IMPURE))) {
241 	if (wpage > 0)
242 	    cwr = wpage;
243 	else {
244 	    cwr = howmany(ihdr.text, BTX_PGSIZE);
245 	    if (cwr > BTX_MAXCWR)
246 		cwr = BTX_MAXCWR;
247 	}
248     }
249     if (ppage > 0 || (ppage && wpage && ihdr.org >= BTX_PGSIZE)) {
250 	btx.btx_flags |= BTX_MAPONE;
251 	if (!cwr)
252 	    cwr++;
253     }
254     btx.btx_pgctl -= cwr;
255     btx.btx_entry = Eflag ? centry : ihdr.entry;
256     if ((size_t)snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s.tmp", oname) >= sizeof(name))
257 	errx(2, "%s: Filename too long", oname);
258     if ((fdo = open(name, O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY, 0666)) == -1)
259 	err(2, "%s", name);
260     if (!(tname = strdup(name)))
261 	err(2, NULL);
262     puthdr(fdo, &ohdr);
263     for (i = I_LDR; i <= I_CLNT; i++) {
264 	fname = i == I_LDR ? lname : i == I_BTX ? bname : iname;
265 	switch (i) {
266 	case I_LDR:
267 	    copy(fdi[i], fdo, ldr_size, 0);
268 	    seekx(fdo, ohdr.size += ohdr.text);
269 	    break;
270 	case I_BTX:
271 	    btxle = btx;
272 	    btxle.btx_pgctl = htole16(btxle.btx_pgctl);
273 	    btxle.btx_textsz = htole16(btxle.btx_textsz);
274 	    btxle.btx_entry = htole32(btxle.btx_entry);
275 	    writex(fdo, &btxle, sizeof(btxle));
276 	    copy(fdi[i], fdo, btx.btx_textsz - sizeof(btx),
277 		 sizeof(btx));
278 	    break;
279 	case I_CLNT:
280 	    copy(fdi[i], fdo, ihdr.size, 0);
281 	    if (ftruncate(fdo, ohdr.size += ohdr.data))
282 		err(2, "%s", tname);
283 	}
284 	if (close(fdi[i]))
285 	    err(2, "%s", fname);
286     }
287     if (close(fdo))
288 	err(2, "%s", tname);
289     if (rename(tname, oname))
290 	err(2, "%s: Can't rename to %s", tname, oname);
291     tname = NULL;
292     if (verbose) {
293 	printf(binfo, btx.btx_majver, btx.btx_minver, btx.btx_textsz,
294 	       BTX_ORIGIN(btx), BTX_ENTRY(btx), BTX_MAPPED(btx) *
295 	       BTX_PGSIZE / 0x100000, !!(btx.btx_flags & BTX_MAPONE),
296 	       BTX_MAPPED(btx) - btx.btx_pgctl - BTX_PGBASE /
297 	       BTX_PGSIZE - BTX_MAPPED(btx) * 4 / BTX_PGSIZE);
298 	printf(cinfo, fmtlist[ihdr.fmt], ihdr.size, ihdr.text,
299 	       ihdr.data, ihdr.bss, ihdr.entry);
300 	printf(oinfo, fmtlist[ohdr.fmt], ohdr.size, ohdr.text,
301 	       ohdr.data, ohdr.org, ohdr.entry);
302     }
303 }
304 
305 /*
306  * Read BTX file header.
307  */
308 static void
309 getbtx(int fd, struct btx_hdr * btx)
310 {
311     if (readx(fd, btx, sizeof(*btx), 0) != sizeof(*btx) ||
312 	btx->btx_magic[0] != BTX_MAG0 ||
313 	btx->btx_magic[1] != BTX_MAG1 ||
314 	btx->btx_magic[2] != BTX_MAG2)
315 	errx(1, "%s: Not a BTX kernel", fname);
316     btx->btx_pgctl = le16toh(btx->btx_pgctl);
317     btx->btx_textsz = le16toh(btx->btx_textsz);
318     btx->btx_entry = le32toh(btx->btx_entry);
319 }
320 
321 /*
322  * Get file size and read a.out or ELF header.
323  */
324 static void
325 gethdr(int fd, struct hdr *hdr)
326 {
327     struct stat sb;
328     const struct exec *ex;
329     const Elf32_Ehdr *ee;
330     const Elf32_Phdr *ep;
331     void *p;
332     unsigned int fmt, x, n, i;
333 
334     memset(hdr, 0, sizeof(*hdr));
335     if (fstat(fd, &sb))
336 	err(2, "%s", fname);
337     if (sb.st_size > MAXU32)
338 	errx(1, "%s: Too big", fname);
339     hdr->size = sb.st_size;
340     if (!hdr->size)
341 	return;
342     if ((p = mmap(NULL, hdr->size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fd,
343 		  0)) == MAP_FAILED)
344 	err(2, "%s", fname);
345     for (fmt = F_CNT - 1; !hdr->fmt && fmt; fmt--)
346 	switch (fmt) {
347 	case F_AOUT:
348 	    ex = p;
349 	    if (hdr->size >= sizeof(struct exec) && !N_BADMAG(*ex)) {
350 		hdr->fmt = fmt;
351 		x = N_GETMAGIC(*ex);
352 		if (x == OMAGIC || x == NMAGIC) {
353 		    if (x == NMAGIC)
354 			Warn(fname, "Treating %s NMAGIC as OMAGIC",
355 			     fmtlist[fmt]);
356 		    hdr->flags |= IMPURE;
357 		}
358 		hdr->text = le32toh(ex->a_text);
359 		hdr->data = le32toh(ex->a_data);
360 		hdr->bss = le32toh(ex->a_bss);
361 		hdr->entry = le32toh(ex->a_entry);
362 		if (le32toh(ex->a_entry) >= BTX_PGSIZE)
363 		    hdr->org = BTX_PGSIZE;
364 	    }
365 	    break;
366 	case F_ELF:
367 	    ee = p;
368 	    if (hdr->size >= sizeof(Elf32_Ehdr) && IS_ELF(*ee)) {
369 		hdr->fmt = fmt;
370 		for (n = i = 0; i < le16toh(ee->e_phnum); i++) {
371 		    ep = (void *)((uint8_t *)p + le32toh(ee->e_phoff) +
372 				  le16toh(ee->e_phentsize) * i);
373 		    if (le32toh(ep->p_type) == PT_LOAD)
374 			switch (n++) {
375 			case 0:
376 			    hdr->text = le32toh(ep->p_filesz);
377 			    hdr->org = le32toh(ep->p_paddr);
378 			    if (le32toh(ep->p_flags) & PF_W)
379 				hdr->flags |= IMPURE;
380 			    break;
381 			case 1:
382 			    hdr->data = le32toh(ep->p_filesz);
383 			    hdr->bss = le32toh(ep->p_memsz) -
384 				le32toh(ep->p_filesz);
385 			    break;
386 			case 2:
387 			    Warn(fname,
388 				 "Ignoring extra %s PT_LOAD segments",
389 				 fmtlist[fmt]);
390 			}
391 		}
392 		hdr->entry = le32toh(ee->e_entry);
393 	    }
394 	}
395     if (munmap(p, hdr->size))
396 	err(2, "%s", fname);
397 }
398 
399 /*
400  * Write a.out or ELF header.
401  */
402 static void
403 puthdr(int fd, struct hdr *hdr)
404 {
405     struct exec ex;
406     struct elfh eh;
407 
408     switch (hdr->fmt) {
409     case F_AOUT:
410 	memset(&ex, 0, sizeof(ex));
411 	N_SETMAGIC(ex, ZMAGIC, MID_I386, 0);
412 	hdr->text = N_ALIGN(ex, hdr->text);
413 	ex.a_text = htole32(hdr->text);
414 	hdr->data = N_ALIGN(ex, hdr->data);
415 	ex.a_data = htole32(hdr->data);
416 	ex.a_entry = htole32(hdr->entry);
417 	writex(fd, &ex, sizeof(ex));
418 	hdr->size = N_ALIGN(ex, sizeof(ex));
419 	seekx(fd, hdr->size);
420 	break;
421     case F_ELF:
422 	eh = elfhdr;
423 	eh.e.e_entry = htole32(hdr->entry);
424 	eh.p[0].p_vaddr = eh.p[0].p_paddr = htole32(hdr->org);
425 	eh.p[0].p_filesz = eh.p[0].p_memsz = htole32(hdr->text);
426 	eh.p[1].p_offset = htole32(le32toh(eh.p[0].p_offset) +
427 	    le32toh(eh.p[0].p_filesz));
428 	eh.p[1].p_vaddr = eh.p[1].p_paddr =
429 	    htole32(align(le32toh(eh.p[0].p_paddr) + le32toh(eh.p[0].p_memsz),
430 	    4096));
431 	eh.p[1].p_filesz = eh.p[1].p_memsz = htole32(hdr->data);
432 	eh.sh[2].sh_addr = eh.p[0].p_vaddr;
433 	eh.sh[2].sh_offset = eh.p[0].p_offset;
434 	eh.sh[2].sh_size = eh.p[0].p_filesz;
435 	eh.sh[3].sh_addr = eh.p[1].p_vaddr;
436 	eh.sh[3].sh_offset = eh.p[1].p_offset;
437 	eh.sh[3].sh_size = eh.p[1].p_filesz;
438 	writex(fd, &eh, sizeof(eh));
439 	hdr->size = sizeof(eh);
440     }
441 }
442 
443 /*
444  * Safe copy from input file to output file.
445  */
446 static void
447 copy(int fdi, int fdo, size_t nbyte, off_t offset)
448 {
449     char buf[8192];
450     size_t n;
451 
452     while (nbyte) {
453 	if ((n = sizeof(buf)) > nbyte)
454 	    n = nbyte;
455 	if (readx(fdi, buf, n, offset) != n)
456 	    errx(2, "%s: Short read", fname);
457 	writex(fdo, buf, n);
458 	nbyte -= n;
459 	offset = -1;
460     }
461 }
462 
463 /*
464  * Safe read from input file.
465  */
466 static size_t
467 readx(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbyte, off_t offset)
468 {
469     ssize_t n;
470 
471     if (offset != -1 && lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) != offset)
472 	err(2, "%s", fname);
473     if ((n = read(fd, buf, nbyte)) == -1)
474 	err(2, "%s", fname);
475     return n;
476 }
477 
478 /*
479  * Safe write to output file.
480  */
481 static void
482 writex(int fd, const void *buf, size_t nbyte)
483 {
484     ssize_t n;
485 
486     if ((n = write(fd, buf, nbyte)) == -1)
487 	err(2, "%s", tname);
488     if ((size_t)n != nbyte)
489 	errx(2, "%s: Short write", tname);
490 }
491 
492 /*
493  * Safe seek in output file.
494  */
495 static void
496 seekx(int fd, off_t offset)
497 {
498     if (lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) != offset)
499 	err(2, "%s", tname);
500 }
501 
502 /*
503  * Convert an option argument to a format code.
504  */
505 static unsigned int
506 optfmt(const char *arg)
507 {
508     unsigned int i;
509 
510     for (i = 0; i < F_CNT && strcmp(arg, fmtlist[i]); i++);
511     if (i == F_CNT)
512 	errx(1, "%s: Unknown format", arg);
513     return i;
514 }
515 
516 /*
517  * Convert an option argument to an address.
518  */
519 static uint32_t
520 optaddr(const char *arg)
521 {
522     char *s;
523     unsigned long x;
524 
525     errno = 0;
526     x = strtoul(arg, &s, 0);
527     if (errno || !*arg || *s || x > MAXU32)
528 	errx(1, "%s: Illegal address", arg);
529     return x;
530 }
531 
532 /*
533  * Convert an option argument to a page number.
534  */
535 static int
536 optpage(const char *arg, int hi)
537 {
538     char *s;
539     long x;
540 
541     errno = 0;
542     x = strtol(arg, &s, 0);
543     if (errno || !*arg || *s || x < 0 || x > hi)
544 	errx(1, "%s: Illegal page number", arg);
545     return x;
546 }
547 
548 /*
549  * Display a warning.
550  */
551 static void
552 Warn(const char *locus, const char *fmt, ...)
553 {
554     va_list ap;
555     char *s;
556 
557     if (!quiet) {
558 	asprintf(&s, "%s: Warning: %s", locus, fmt);
559 	va_start(ap, fmt);
560 	vwarnx(s, ap);
561 	va_end(ap);
562 	free(s);
563     }
564 }
565 
566 /*
567  * Display usage information.
568  */
569 static void
570 usage(void)
571 {
572     fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n",
573     "usage: btxld [-qv] [-b file] [-E address] [-e address] [-f format]",
574     "             [-l file] [-o filename] [-P page] [-W page] file");
575     exit(1);
576 }
577