xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/man/man8/chroot.8 (revision 9b9d39d2a32ff806d2431dbcc50968ef1e6d46b2)
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22.Dd March 18, 2021
23.Dt CHROOT 8
24.Os
25.Sh NAME
26.Nm chroot
27.Nd change root directory for a command
28.Sh SYNOPSIS
29.Nm
30.Ar newroot
31.Ar command
32.Sh DESCRIPTION
33The
34.Nm
35utility causes
36.Ar command
37to be executed relative to
38.Ar newroot .
39The meaning of any initial slash
40.Pq /
41in the path names is changed to
42.Ar newroot
43for
44.Ar command
45and any of its child processes.
46Upon execution, the initial working directory is
47.Ar newroot .
48.Pp
49Notice that redirecting the output of
50.Ar command
51to a file, such as in:
52.Pp
53.D1 Nm chroot Ar newroot Ar command Sy > Pa xyz
54.Pp
55will create the file
56.Pa xyz
57relative to the original root of
58.Ar command ,
59not the new one.
60.Pp
61The new root path name is always relative to the current root.
62Even if a
63.Nm
64is currently in effect, the
65.Ar newroot
66argument is relative to the current root of the running process.
67.Pp
68This command can be run only by the super-user.
69.Sh EXIT STATUS
70The exit status of
71.Nm
72is the exit status of
73.Ar command .
74.Sh OPERANDS
75The following operands are supported:
76.Bl -tag -width Ar
77.It Ar newroot
78The new root directory.
79.It Ar command
80The command to be executed relative to
81.Ar newroot .
82.El
83.Sh EXAMPLES
84.Sy Example 1
85Using the
86.Nm
87Utility
88.Pp
89The
90.Nm
91utility provides an easy way to extract
92.Sy tar
93files
94.Pq see Xr tar 1
95written with absolute filenames to a different location.
96It is necessary to copy the shared libraries used by
97.Sy tar
98.Pq see Xr ldd 1
99to the
100.Ar newroot
101filesystem.
102.Bd -literal -offset indent
103example# mkdir -p /tmp/lib /tmp/usr/lib
104example# cd /lib && cp ld.so.1 \e
105         libavl.so.1 libc.so.1 libcmdutils.so.1 libcustr.so.1 \e
106         libm.so.2 libmd.so.1 libmp.so.2 libnsl.so.1 \e
107         libnvpair.so.1 libsec.so.1 libsecdb.so.1 libtsol.so.2 \e
108         libuutil.so.1 /tmp/lib/
109example# cp /usr/lib/libidmap.so.1 /tmp/usr/lib/
110example# cp /usr/bin/tar /tmp
111example# dd if=/dev/rmt/0 | chroot /tmp tar xvf -
112.Ed
113.Sh SEE ALSO
114.Xr cd 1 ,
115.Xr ldd 1 ,
116.Xr tar 1 ,
117.Xr chroot 2 ,
118.Xr ttyname 3C ,
119.Xr attributes 7
120.Sh NOTES
121Exercise extreme caution when referencing device files in the new root file
122system.
123.Pp
124References by routines such as
125.Xr ttyname 3C
126to
127.Dv stdin ,
128.Dv stdout ,
129and
130.Dv stderr
131will find that the device associated with the file descriptor is unknown after
132.Nm
133is run.
134