All 64-bit applications can manipulate large files by default. The transitional interfaces described on this page can be used by 32-bit and 64-bit applications to manipulate large files.

In the transitional compilation environment, explicit 64-bit functions, structures, and types are added to the API. Compiling in this environment allows both 32-bit and 64-bit applications to access files whose size is greater than or equal to 2 Gbyte ( 2^31 bytes).

The transitional compilation environment exports all the explicit 64-bit functions (xxx64()) and types in addition to all the regular functions (xxx()) and types. Both xxx() and xxx64() functions are available to the program source. A 32-bit application must use the xxx64() functions in order to access large files. See the lf64(7) manual page for a complete listing of the 64-bit transitional interfaces.

The transitional compilation environment differs from the large file compilation environment, wherein the underlying interfaces are bound to 64-bit functions, structures, and types. An application compiled in the large file compilation environment is able to use the xxx() source interfaces to access both large and small files, rather than having to explicitly utilize the transitional xxx64() interface calls to access large files. See the lfcompile(7) manual page for more information regarding the large file compilation environment.

Applications may combine objects produced in the large file compilation environment with objects produced in the transitional compilation environment, but must be careful with respect to interoperability between those objects. Applications should not declare global variables of types whose sizes change between compilation environments.

For applications that do not wish to conform to the POSIX or X/Open specifications, the 64-bit transitional interfaces are available by default. No compile-time flags need to be set.

Applications that wish to access the transitional interfaces as well as the POSIX or X/Open specification-conforming interfaces should use the following compilation methods and set whichever feature test macros are appropriate to obtain the desired environment (see standards(7)).

In the following examples, the transitional compilation environment is accessed by invoking the getconf utility with one of the arguments listed in the table above. The additional large file interfaces are accessed either by specifying -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE or by invoking the getconf utility with the arguments listed above.

The example that uses the form of command substitution specifying the command within parentheses preceded by a dollar sign can be executed only in a POSIX-conforming shell such as the Korn Shell (see ksh(1)). In a shell that is not POSIX-conforming, such as the Bourne Shell (see sh(1)) and the C Shell (see csh(1)), the command must be enclosed within grave accent marks.

Example 1 An example of compiling a program using transitional interfaces such as lseek64() and fopen64():

$ c89 -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE \e
 $(getconf LFS64_CFLAGS) a.c \e
 $(getconf LFS64_LDFLAGS) \e
 $(getconf LFS64_LIBS)

Example 2 An example of running lint on a program using transitional interfaces:

% lint -D_LARGEFILE64_SOURCE \e
 \(gagetconf LFS64_LINTFLAGS\(ga .\|.\|. \e
 \(gagetconf LFS64_LIBS\(ga

getconf (1), lseek (2), fopen (3C), lf64 (7), standards (7)