1.\" 2.\" Copyright (c) 2006, Sun Microsystems, Inc. 3.\" Copyright 2021 Oxide Computer Company 4.\" 5.\" The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the 6.\" Common Development and Distribution License (the "License"). 7.\" You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 8.\" 9.\" You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE 10.\" or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing. 11.\" See the License for the specific language governing permissions 12.\" and limitations under the License. 13.\" 14.\" When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each 15.\" file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE. 16.\" If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the 17.\" fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying 18.\" information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner] 19.\" 20.Dd March 30, 2022 21.Dt HSFS 4FS 22.Os 23.Sh NAME 24.Nm hsfs 25.Nd High Sierra & ISO 9660 CD-ROM file system 26.Sh DESCRIPTION 27.Nm 28is a file system type that allows users to access files on High Sierra or ISO 299660 format CD-ROM disks from within the SunOS operating system. 30Once mounted, a 31.Nm 32file system provides standard read-only file system operations and semantics, 33meaning that you can read and list files in a directory on a High Sierra or ISO 349660 CD-ROM and applications can use standard UNIX system calls on these files 35and directories. 36.Pp 37This file system contains support for Rock Ridge, ISO 9660 Version 2 and Joliet 38extensions. 39These extensions provide support for file names with a length of at least 207 40bytes, but only Rock Ridge extensions 41.Pq with the exception of writability and hard links 42can provide file system semantics and file types as they are found in UFS. 43The presence of Rock Ridge, ISO 9660 Version 2, and Joliet is autodetected and 44the best-suitable available extension is used by the HSFS driver for file name 45and attribute lookup. 46.Pp 47If your 48.Pa /etc/vfstab 49file contains a line similar to the following: 50.Bd -literal 51/dev/dsk/c0t6d0s0 - /hsfs hsfs - no ro 52.Ed 53.Pp 54and 55.Pa /hsfs 56exists, you can mount an 57.Nm 58file system with either of the following commands: 59.Bd -literal -offset indent 60mount -F hsfs -o ro device-special directory-name 61.Ed 62or 63.Bd -literal -offset indent 64mount /hsfs 65.Ed 66.Pp 67By default, Rock Ridge extensions are used if available, otherwise ISO 9660 68Version 2, then Joliet are used. 69If neither extension is present HSFS defaults to the standard capabilities of 70ISO 9660. 71Since so-called hybrid CD-ROMs that contain multiple extensions are possible, 72you can use the following mount options to deliberately disable the search for a 73specific extension or to force the use of a specific extension even if a 74preferable type is present: 75.Bd -literal 76mount -F hsfs -o ro,nrr device-special directory-name 77.Ed 78.Pp 79Mount options are: 80.Bl -tag -width Ds 81.It rr 82Request HSFS to use Rock Ridge extensions, if present. 83This is the default behavior and does not need to be explicitly specified. 84.It nrr 85Disable detection and use of Rock Ridge extensions, even if present. 86.It vers2 87Request HSFS to use ISO 9660 Version 2 extensions, even if Rock Ridge is 88available. 89.It novers2 90Disable detection and use of ISO 9660 Version 2 extensions. 91.It joliet 92Request HSFS to use Joliet extensions, even if Rock Ridge or ISO 9660 Version 2 93extensions are available. 94.It nojoliet 95Disable detection and use of Joliet extensions. 96.El 97.Pp 98Files on a High Sierra or ISO 9660 CD-ROM disk have names of the form 99.Pa filename.ext;versio , 100where 101.Fa filename 102and the optional 103.Fa ext 104consist of a sequence of uppercase alphanumeric characters 105.Po 106including 107.Sq _ 108.Pc , 109while the 110.Fa version 111consists of a sequence of digits, representing the version number of the file. 112.Nm 113converts all the uppercase characters in a file name to lowercase, and truncates 114the 115.Sq ; 116and version information. 117If more than one version of a file is present on the CD-ROM, only the file with 118the highest version number is accessible. 119.Pp 120Conversion of uppercase to lowercase characters may be disabled by using the 121.Fl o 122.Ar nomaplcase 123option to 124.Xr mount 8 . 125See 126.Xr mount_hsfs 8 . 127.Pp 128If the CD-ROM contains Rock Ridge, ISO 9660 version 2 or Joliet extensions, the 129file names and directory names may contain any character supported under 130.Xr ufs 4FS . 131The names may also be upper and/or lower case and are case sensitive. 132File name lengths can be as long as those of 133.Xr ufs 4FS . 134.Pp 135Files accessed through 136.Nm 137have mode 555 138.Pq owner, group and world readable and executable , 139uid 0 and gid 3. If a directory on the CD-ROM has read permission, 140.Nm 141grants execute permission to the directory, allowing it to be searched. 142.Pp 143With Rock Ridge extensions, files and directories can have any permissions that 144are supported on a 145.Xr ufs 4FS 146file system. 147However, under all write permissions, the file system is read-only, with 148.Er EROFS 149returned to any write operations. 150.Pp 151Like High Sierra and ISO 9660 CD-ROMs, HSFS supports only regular files and 152directories. 153A Rock Ridge CD-ROM can support regular files, directories, and symbolic links, 154as well as device nodes, such as block, character, and FIFO. 155.Sh EXAMPLES 156.Sy Example 1 157Sample Display of File System Files 158.Pp 159If there is a file 160.Pa BIG.BAR 161on a High Sierra or ISO 9660 format CD-ROM it will show up as 162.Pa big.bar 163when listed on a 164.Nm 165file system. 166.Pp 167If there are three files 168Pa BAR.BAZ;1 , 169Pa BBAR.BAZ;2 , 170and 171.Pa BAR.BAZ;3 172on a High Sierra or ISO 9660 format CD-ROM, only the file 173.Pa BAR.BAZ;3 174will be accessible. 175It will be listed as 176.Pa bar.baz . 177.Sh DIAGNOSTICS 178.Bl -tag -width Ds 179.It "hsfs: Warning: the file system... does not conform to the ISO-9660 spec" 180The specific reason appears on the following line. 181You might be attempting to mount a CD-ROM containing a different file system, 182such as 183.Xr ufs 4FS 184.It "hsfs: Warning: the file system... contains a file [with an] unsupported" 185type" 186The 187.Nm 188file system does not support the format of some file or directory on the CD-ROM, 189for example a record structured file. 190.It "hsfs: hsnode table full, %d nodes allocated" 191There are not enough 192.Nm 193internal data structure elements to handle all the files currently open. 194This problem may be overcome by adding a line of the form 195.Ql set hsfs:nhsnode=number 196to the 197.Pa /etc/system 198system configuration file and rebooting. 199See 200.Xr system 5 . 201.El 202.Sh SEE ALSO 203.Xr vfstab 5 , 204.Xr mount 8 , 205.Xr mount_hsfs 8 206.Pp 207.Rs 208.%A N. V. Phillips 209.%A Sony Corporation 210.%T System Description Compact Disc Digital Audio, ("Red Book") 211.Re 212.Rs 213.%A N. V. Phillips 214.%A Sony Corporation 215.%T System Description of Compact Disc Read Only Memory, ("Yellow Book") 216.Re 217.Rs 218.%T Volume and File Structure of CD-ROM for Information Interchange 219.%N ISO 9660:1988(E) 220.Re 221.Sh WARNINGS 222Do not physically eject a CD-ROM while the device is still mounted as a 223.Nm 224file system. 225.Pp 226Under MS-DOS 227.Pq for which CD-ROMs are frequently targeted , 228files with no extension may be represented either as: 229.Pa filename\&. 230or 231.Pa filename 232that is, with or without a trailing period. 233These names are not equivalent under UNIX systems. 234For example, the names: 235.Pa BAR\&. 236and 237.Pa BAR 238are not names for the same file under the UNIX system. 239This may cause confusion if you are consulting documentation for CD-ROMs 240originally intended for MS-DOS systems. 241.Pp 242Use of the 243.Fl o 244.Ar notraildot 245option to 246.Xr mount 8 247makes it optional to specify the trailing dot. 248See 249.Xr mount_hsfs 8 . 250.Sh NOTES 251No translation of any sort is done on the contents of High Sierra or ISO 9660 252format CD-ROMs; only directory and file names are subject to interpretation by 253.Nm . 254