xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/man/man3ofmt/ofmt.3ofmt (revision 698f4ab6008be205f4362675967638572eef4f21)
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12.\" Copyright 2010 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
13.\" Copyright 2017 Nexenta Systems, Inc.
14.\" Copyright 2018 Joyent, Inc.
15.\"
16.Dd February 13, 2019
17.Dt OFMT 3OFMT
18.Os
19.Sh NAME
20.Nm ofmt_open ,
21.Nm ofmt_print ,
22.Nm ofmt_print_header ,
23.Nm ofmt_update_winsize ,
24.Nm ofmt_set_fs ,
25.Nm ofmt_strerror ,
26.Nm ofmt_close
27.Nd data structures and routines for printing output
28.Sh LIBRARY
29.Lb libofmt
30.Sh SYNOPSIS
31.In ofmt.h
32.Ft ofmt_status_t
33.Fo ofmt_open
34.Fa "const char *fields"
35.Fa "const ofmt_field_t *template"
36.Fa "uint_t flags"
37.Fa "uint_t maxcols"
38.Fa "ofmt_handle_t *ofmt"
39.Fc
40.Ft void
41.Fo ofmt_print
42.Fa "ofmt_handle_t ofmt"
43.Fa "void *cbarg"
44.Fc
45.Ft void
46.Fo ofmt_print_header
47.Fa "ofmt_handle_t ofmt"
48.Fc
49.Ft void
50.Fo ofmt_update_winsize
51.Fa "ofmt_handle_t ofmt"
52.Fc
53.Ft void
54.Fo ofmt_set_fs
55.Fa "ofmt_handle_t ofmt"
56.Fa "char fs"
57.Fc
58.Ft "char *"
59.Fo ofmt_strerror
60.Fa "ofmt_handle_t ofmt"
61.Fa "ofmt_status_t error"
62.Fa "char *buf"
63.Fa "uint_t bufsize"
64.Fc
65.Ft void
66.Fo ofmt_close
67.Fa "ofmt_handle_t ofmt"
68.Fc
69.Sh DESCRIPTION
70The
71.Nm libofmt
72library provides data structures and routines for printing output.
73.Pp
74Currently this is an internal interface.
75The interface can and will change without notice as the project needs, at any
76time.
77.Pp
78All output is assumed to be in a columnar format, where each column represents
79a field to be printed out.
80Multiple fields in parsable output are separated by
81.Sq \&: ,
82with the
83.Sq \&:
84character itself escaped by a
85.Sq \e
86.Po e.g., IPv6 addresses  may be printed as
87.Qq fe80\e:\e:1
88.Pc ;
89single field output is printed as-is.
90In multiline mode, every
91.Bq field,value
92pair is printed in a line of its own, thus:
93.Qq field: value .
94.Ss Data Structures
95The
96.Vt ofmt_field_t
97data structure used in
98.Sx ofmt_open
99is defined as follows:
100.Bd -literal
101typedef struct ofmt_field_s {
102	char	*of_name;	/* column name */
103	uint_t	of_width;	/* output column width */
104	uint_t	of_id;		/* implementation specific cookie */
105	ofmt_cb_t *of_cb;	/* callback function defined by caller */
106} ofmt_field_t;
107.Ed
108.Pp
109The
110.Vt ofmt_arg_t
111data structure which is passed to callback function is defined as follows:
112.Bd -literal
113typedef struct ofmt_arg_s {
114	uint_t	ofmt_id;	/* implementation specific cookie */
115	uint_t	ofmt_width;	/* output column width */
116	uint_t	ofmt_index;	/* unused */
117	void	*ofmt_cbarg;	/* argument passed to ofmt_print() */
118} ofmt_arg_t;
119.Ed
120.Ss Fn ofmt_open
121The
122.Fn ofmt_open
123function opens a handle returned in
124.Fa ofmt
125for each set of fields to be printed.
126.Pp
127.Fa fields
128is a comma-separated list of the fields that have been selected for output
129.Po typically the string passed to
130.Fl o
131in the command-line
132.Pc .
133Columns selected for output are identified by a match between the
134.Va of_name
135value in the
136.Fa template
137and the
138.Fa fields
139requested.
140In human-friendly
141.Pq non machine-parsable
142mode,
143.Dv NULL
144.Fa fields ,
145or a value of
146.Qq all
147is treated as a request to print all allowable fields that fit other applicable
148constraints.
149.Pp
150.Fa template
151specifies the list of supported fields, along with formatting information
152.Pq e.g., field width ,
153and a pointer to a callback function that can provide a string representation of
154the value to be printed out.
155The set of supported fields must be a
156.Dv NULL
157terminated array of type
158.Vt ofmt_field_t ,
159described in
160.Sx Data Structures ,
161as follows:
162.Bd -literal -offset indent
163{<of_name>, <of_width>, <of_id>, <of_cb> },
164\&.\&.\&.
165{<of_name>, <of_width>, <of_id>, <of_cb> },
166{NULL, 0, 0, NULL}
167.Ed
168.Pp
169.Va of_cb
170is the application-specified callback function with the following prototype that
171provides a string representation of the value to be printed for the field:
172.Bd -literal -offset indent
173boolean_t (*of_cb)(ofmt_arg_t *ofmt_arg, char *buf, uint_t bufsize)
174.Ed
175.Pp
176The callback must not write beyond
177.Fa bufsize
178bytes of the string form into
179.Fa buf .
180If the function successfully translates the field into its string
181representation and places it into
182.Fa buf ,
183then the callback function should return
184.Dv B_TRUE .
185Otherwise, the callback function should return
186.Dv B_FALSE .
187.Pp
188The interpretation of the
189.Va of_id
190field is completely private to the caller, and can be optionally used by the
191callback function as a cookie to identify the field being printed when a single
192callback function is shared between multiple
193.Fa template
194entries.
195.Pp
196The
197.Fa flags
198can be any valid combination of the following:
199.Pp
200.Bl -tag -width "OFMT_MULTILINE" -compact
201.It Dv OFMT_PARSABLE
202Machine-parsable mode.
203Specifying a null or empty
204.Va fields
205in the machine-parsable mode will result in a returned error value of
206.Dv OFMT_EPARSENONE .
207An attempt to create a handle in machine-parsable mode with the
208.Fa fields
209set to
210.Qq all
211will result in a returned error value of
212.Dv OFMT_EPARSEALL .
213.It Dv OFMT_WRAP
214Wrap output if field width is exceeded.
215Currently output is wrapped at whitespace or comma characters.
216.It Dv OFMT_MULTILINE
217Multiline mode.
218Specifying both
219.Dv OFMT_MULTILINE
220and
221.Dv OFMT_PARSABLE
222will result in
223.Dv OFMT_EPARSEMULTI .
224.It Dv OFMT_RIGHTJUST
225Right justified output.
226.It Dv OFMT_NOHEADER
227Skip printing the header when calling
228.Fn ofmt_print .
229.El
230.Pp
231The non-zero
232.Fa maxcols
233limits the number of output columns.
234.Ss Fn ofmt_print
235The
236.Fn ofmt_print
237function prints a row of output.
238.Pp
239.Fa cbarg
240points at the arguments to be passed to the callback function for each column in
241the row.
242The call to
243.Fn ofmt_print
244will result in the callback function of each selected field invoked with
245.Va of_id ,
246.Va of_width
247and
248.Fa cbarg
249embedded in
250.Fa ofmt_arg ,
251described in
252.Sx Data Structures .
253.Pp
254The callback function should fill
255.Fa buf
256with the string to be printed for the field using the data in
257.Fa cbarg .
258.Ss Fn ofmt_print_header
259The
260.Fn ofmt_print_header
261function prints the output header.
262This is usually done as part of calling
263.Fn ofmt_print ,
264but is skipped when using
265.Dv OFMT_NOHEADER .
266This function allows you to insert it when and where desired.
267.Ss Fn ofmt_update_winsize
268The
269.Fn ofmt_update_winsize
270function updates the window size information
271.Pq which is initially computed when the handle is created
272in the
273.Fa ofmt .
274If the
275.Dv TIOCGWINSZ
276ioctl fails, the window size is set to 80x24.
277.Ss Fn ofmt_set_fs
278The
279.Fn ofmt_set_fs
280function sets the output field separator for parsable output.
281.Ss Fn ofmt_strerror
282The
283.Fn ofmt_strerror
284function returns error diagnostics in
285.Fa buf
286using the information in the
287.Fa ofmt
288and
289.Fa error .
290.Pp
291Using a
292.Fa buf
293size of
294.Dv OFMT_BUFSIZE
295is recommended.
296.Ss Fn ofmt_close
297The
298.Fn ofmt_close
299function frees any resources allocated for the handle after printing is
300completed.
301.Sh RETURN VALUES
302If successful, the
303.Fn ofmt_open
304function will return
305.Dv OFMT_SUCCESS ,
306with a non-null
307.Fa ofmt_handle .
308The function returns one of the failure codes
309.Po enumerated in
310.Vt ofmt_status_t
311.Pc
312listed below otherwise:
313.Pp
314.Bl -tag -width "OFMT_ENOTEMPLATE" -compact
315.It Dv OFMT_ENOMEM
316out of memory
317.It Dv OFMT_EBADFIELDS
318one or more bad fields with good fields
319.It Dv OFMT_ENOFIELDS
320no valid output fields
321.It Dv OFMT_EPARSEALL
322"all" is invalid in parsable mode
323.It Dv OFMT_EPARSENONE
324output fields missing in parsable mode
325.It Dv OFMT_EPARSEWRAP
326parsable mode incompatible with wrap mode
327.It Dv OFMT_ENOTEMPLATE
328no template provided for fields
329.It Dv OFMT_EPARSEMULTI
330parsable and multiline don't mix
331.El
332.Pp
333More information about the type of failure can be obtained by calling
334.Fn ofmt_strerror .
335.Pp
336The
337.Fn ofmt_strerror
338function returns the
339.Fa buf .
340.Sh INTERFACE STABILITY
341.Sy Private .
342.Sh SEE ALSO
343.Xr ioctl 2 ,
344.Xr strerror 3C ,
345.Xr attributes 5
346