Sun Microsystems, Inc. gratefully acknowledges The Open Group for
permission to reproduce portions of its copyrighted documentation.
Original documentation from The Open Group can be obtained online at
http://www.opengroup.org/bookstore/.
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and The Open
Group, have given us permission to reprint portions of their
documentation.
In the following statement, the phrase ``this text'' refers to portions
of the system documentation.
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
in the SunOS Reference Manual, from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition,
Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System
Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6,
Copyright (C) 2001-2004 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy
between these versions and the original IEEE and The Open Group
Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee
document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html.
This notice shall appear on any product containing this material.
The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions
and limitations under the License.
When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
Copyright 1989 AT&T
Portions Copyright (c) 1992, X/Open Company Limited. All Rights Reserved.
Copyright (c) 2008, Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
#include <sys/mman.h> int shm_open(const char *name, int oflag, mode_t mode);
The shm_open() function establishes a connection between a shared memory object and a file descriptor. It creates an open file description that refers to the shared memory object and a file descriptor that refers to that open file description. The file descriptor is used by other functions to refer to that shared memory object. The name argument points to a string naming a shared memory object. It is unspecified whether the name appears in the file system and is visible to other functions that take pathnames as arguments. The name argument conforms to the construction rules for a pathname. The first character of name must be a slash (/) character and the remaining characters of name cannot include any slash characters. For maximum portability, name should include no more than 14 characters, but this limit is not enforced.
If successful, shm_open() returns a file descriptor for the shared memory object that is the lowest numbered file descriptor not currently open for that process. The open file description is new, and therefore the file descriptor does not share it with any other processes. It is unspecified whether the file offset is set. The FD_CLOEXEC file descriptor flag associated with the new file descriptor is set.
The file status flags and file access modes of the open file description are according to the value of oflag. The oflag argument is the bitwise inclusive OR of the following flags defined in the header <fcntl.h>. Applications specify exactly one of the first two values (access modes) below in the value of oflag: O_RDONLY
Open for read access only.
Open for read or write access.
Any combination of the remaining flags may be specified in the value of oflag: O_CREAT
If the shared memory object exists, this flag has no effect, except as noted under O_EXCL below. Otherwise the shared memory object is created; the user ID of the shared memory object will be set to the effective user ID of the process; the group ID of the shared memory object will be set to a system default group ID or to the effective group ID of the process. The permission bits of the shared memory object will be set to the value of the mode argument except those set in the file mode creation mask of the process. When bits in mode other than the file permission bits are set, the effect is unspecified. The mode argument does not affect whether the shared memory object is opened for reading, for writing, or for both. The shared memory object has a size of zero.
If O_EXCL and O_CREAT are set, shm_open() fails if the shared memory object exists. The check for the existence of the shared memory object and the creation of the object if it does not exist is atomic with respect to other processes executing shm_open() naming the same shared memory object with O_EXCL and O_CREAT set. If O_EXCL is set and O_CREAT is not set, the result is undefined.
If the shared memory object exists, and it is successfully opened O_RDWR, the object will be truncated to zero length and the mode and owner will be unchanged by this function call. The result of using O_TRUNC with O_RDONLY is undefined.
When a shared memory object is created, the state of the shared memory object, including all data associated with the shared memory object, persists until the shared memory object is unlinked and all other references are gone. It is unspecified whether the name and shared memory object state remain valid after a system reboot.
Upon successful completion, the shm_open() function returns a non-negative integer representing the lowest numbered unused file descriptor. Otherwise, it returns -1 and sets errno to indicate the error condition.
The shm_open() function will fail if: EACCES
The shared memory object exists and the permissions specified by oflag are denied, or the shared memory object does not exist and permission to create the shared memory object is denied, or O_TRUNC is specified and write permission is denied.
O_CREAT and O_EXCL are set and the named shared memory object already exists.
The shm_open() operation was interrupted by a signal.
The shm_open() operation is not supported for the given name.
Too many file descriptors are currently in use by this process.
The length of the name string exceeds PATH_MAX, or a pathname component is longer than NAME_MAX while _POSIX_NO_TRUNC is in effect.
Too many shared memory objects are currently open in the system.
O_CREAT is not set and the named shared memory object does not exist.
There is insufficient space for the creation of the new shared memory object.
The shm_open() function is not supported by the system.
See attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
| Interface Stability Committed |
| MT-Level MT-Safe |
| Standard See standards(7). |
close (2), dup (2), exec (2), fcntl (2), mmap (2), umask (2), shm_unlink (3C), sysconf (3C), fcntl.h (3HEAD), attributes (7), standards (7)
Solaris 2.6 was the first release to support the Asynchronous Input and Output option. Prior to this release, this function always returned -1 and set errno to ENOSYS.