xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/man/man3c/call_once.3c (revision 2889ec41c05e9ffe1890b529b3111354da325aeb)
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12.\" Copyright 2016 Joyent, Inc.
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14.Dd "Jan 11, 2015"
15.Dt CALL_ONCE 3C
16.Os
17.Sh NAME
18.Nm call_once
19.Nd ensure function is only called once
20.Sh SYNOPSIS
21.In treads.h
22.Vt "once_flag once = ONCE_FLAG_INIT;"
23.Ft void
24.Fo call_once
25.Fa "once_flag *once"
26.Fa "void (*func)(void)"
27.Fc
28.Sh DESCRIPTION
29The
30.Fn call_once
31function is used to ensure that an operation occurs only once, even
32across multiple threads.
33Each instance of a properly initialized
34.Ft once_flag
35can be pased to the
36.Ft call_once
37function; however, only a single caller will successfully execute the
38specified function,
39.Fa func .
40This ensures that the argument
41.Fa func
42is called only once.
43Note, the argument
44.Fa once
45is the only thing used as a point of synchronization.
46If multiple callers use the same pointer for
47.Fa once ,
48but use different values for
49.Fa func ,
50then only one of the functions will be successfully called.
51.Pp
52The argument
53.Fn once
54should always be initialized to the symbol
55.Sy ONCE_FLAG_INIT
56before calling
57.Fn call_once .
58Failure to do so will result in undefined behavior.
59.Pp
60Like
61.Xr pthread_once 3C ,
62the
63.Fn call_once
64function is not itself a cancellation point; however, if the thread
65calling
66.Fn func
67encounters a cancellation point and is cancelled, then the value pointed
68to by
69.Fa once
70will be as though
71.Fn call_once
72had not been called, as
73.Fn func
74had not completed successfully.
75.Sh RETURN VALUES
76The
77.Fn call_once
78function does not return any values.
79Upon its completion, it is guaranteed that
80.Fa func
81will have been called at most once across the liftime of the
82.Fa once
83argument .
84.Sh INTERFACE STABILITY
85.Sy Standard
86.Sh MT-LEVEL
87.Sy MT-Safe
88.Sh SEE ALSO
89.Xr pthread_once 3C ,
90.Xr threads.h 3HEAD ,
91.Xr attributes 5 ,
92.Xr threads 5
93