xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/man/man2/getcontext.2 (revision 8b4261085e0d677be9a3253ff6b4c290e402576d)
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48.Dd November 24, 2022
49.Dt GETCONTEXT 2
50.Os
51.Sh NAME
52.Nm getcontext ,
53.Nm setcontext
54.Nd get and set current user context
55.Sh SYNOPSIS
56.In ucontext.h
57.Ft int
58.Fo getcontext
59.Fa "ucontext_t *ucp"
60.Fc
61.Ft int
62.Fo setcontext
63.Fa "const ucontext_t *ucp"
64.Fc
65.Sh DESCRIPTION
66The
67.Fn getcontext
68function initializes the structure pointed to by
69.Fa ucp
70to the current user context of the calling process.
71The
72.Vt ucontext_t
73type that
74.Fa ucp
75points to defines the user context and includes the contents of the calling
76process' machine registers, the signal mask, and the current execution stack.
77.Pp
78The
79.Fn setcontext
80function restores the user context pointed to by
81.Fa ucp .
82A successful call to
83.Fn setcontext
84does not return; program execution resumes at the point specified by the
85.Fa ucp
86argument passed to
87.Fn setcontext .
88The
89.Fa ucp
90argument should be created either by a prior call to
91.Fn getcontext ,
92or by being passed as an argument to a signal handler.
93If the
94.Fa ucp
95argument was created with
96.Fn getcontext ,
97program execution continues as if the corresponding call of
98.Fn getcontext
99had just returned.
100If the
101.Fa ucp
102argument was created with
103.Xr makecontext 3C ,
104program execution continues with the function passed to
105.Xr makecontext 3C .
106When that function returns, the process continues as if after a call to
107.Fn setcontext
108with the
109.Fa ucp
110argument that was input to
111.Xr makecontext 3C .
112If the
113.Fa ucp
114argument was passed to a signal handler, program execution continues with the
115program instruction following the instruction interrupted by the signal.
116If the
117.Fa uc_link
118member of the
119.Vt ucontext_t
120structure pointed to by the
121.Fa ucp
122argument is
123.Dv NULL ,
124then this context is the main context, and the process
125will exit when this context returns.
126The effects of passing a
127.Fa ucp
128argument obtained from any other source are unspecified.
129.Sh RETURN VALUES
130On successful completion,
131.Fn setcontext
132does not return and
133.Fn getcontext
134returns 0.
135Otherwise, -1 is returned.
136.Sh ERRORS
137No errors are defined.
138.Sh USAGE
139When a signal handler is executed, the current user context is saved and a new
140context is created.
141If the thread leaves the signal handler via
142.Xr longjmp 3C ,
143then it is unspecified whether the context at the time of the corresponding
144.Xr setjmp 3C
145call is restored and thus whether future calls to
146.Fn getcontext
147will provide an accurate representation of the current context, since the
148context restored by
149.Xr longjmp 3C
150may not contain all the information that
151.Fn setcontext
152requires.
153Signal handlers should use
154.Xr siglongjmp 3C
155instead.
156.Pp
157Portable applications should not modify or access the
158.Fa uc_mcontext
159member of
160.Vt ucontext_t .
161A portable application cannot assume that context includes any process-wide
162static data, possibly including
163.Va errno .
164Users manipulating contexts should take care to handle these explicitly when
165required.
166.Sh INTERFACE STABILITY
167.Sy Committed
168.Sh SEE ALSO
169.Xr sigaction 2 ,
170.Xr sigaltstack 2 ,
171.Xr sigprocmask 2 ,
172.Xr bsd_signal 3C ,
173.Xr makecontext 3C ,
174.Xr setjmp 3C ,
175.Xr sigsetjmp 3C ,
176.Xr ucontext.h 3HEAD ,
177.Xr attributes 7 ,
178.Xr standards 7
179