xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/lib/libm/common/C/acos.c (revision 04427e3bf236c18cc532680b957267ee70b1037d)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 
22 /*
23  * Copyright 2011 Nexenta Systems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
24  */
25 /*
26  * Copyright 2006 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
27  * Use is subject to license terms.
28  */
29 
30 #pragma weak __acos = acos
31 
32 /* INDENT OFF */
33 /*
34  * acos(x)
35  * Method :
36  *	acos(x)  = pi/2 - asin(x)
37  *	acos(-x) = pi/2 + asin(x)
38  * For |x|<=0.5
39  *	acos(x) = pi/2 - (x + x*x^2*R(x^2))	(see asin.c)
40  * For x>0.5
41  * 	acos(x) = pi/2 - (pi/2 - 2asin(sqrt((1-x)/2)))
42  *		= 2asin(sqrt((1-x)/2))
43  *		= 2s + 2s*z*R(z) 	...z=(1-x)/2, s=sqrt(z)
44  *		= 2f + (2c + 2s*z*R(z))
45  *     where f=hi part of s, and c = (z-f*f)/(s+f) is the correction term
46  *     for f so that f+c ~ sqrt(z).
47  * For x<-0.5
48  *	acos(x) = pi - 2asin(sqrt((1-|x|)/2))
49  *		= pi - 0.5*(s+s*z*R(z)), where z=(1-|x|)/2,s=sqrt(z)
50  *
51  * Special cases:
52  *	if x is NaN, return x itself;
53  *	if |x|>1, return NaN with invalid signal.
54  *
55  * Function needed: sqrt
56  */
57 /* INDENT ON */
58 
59 #include "libm_protos.h"	/* _SVID_libm_error */
60 #include "libm_macros.h"
61 #include <math.h>
62 
63 /* INDENT OFF */
64 static const double xxx[] = {
65 /* one */	 1.00000000000000000000e+00,	/* 3FF00000, 00000000 */
66 /* pi */	 3.14159265358979311600e+00,	/* 400921FB, 54442D18 */
67 /* pio2_hi */	 1.57079632679489655800e+00,	/* 3FF921FB, 54442D18 */
68 /* pio2_lo */	 6.12323399573676603587e-17,	/* 3C91A626, 33145C07 */
69 /* pS0 */	 1.66666666666666657415e-01,	/* 3FC55555, 55555555 */
70 /* pS1 */	-3.25565818622400915405e-01,	/* BFD4D612, 03EB6F7D */
71 /* pS2 */	 2.01212532134862925881e-01,	/* 3FC9C155, 0E884455 */
72 /* pS3 */	-4.00555345006794114027e-02,	/* BFA48228, B5688F3B */
73 /* pS4 */	 7.91534994289814532176e-04,	/* 3F49EFE0, 7501B288 */
74 /* pS5 */	 3.47933107596021167570e-05,	/* 3F023DE1, 0DFDF709 */
75 /* qS1 */	-2.40339491173441421878e+00,	/* C0033A27, 1C8A2D4B */
76 /* qS2 */	 2.02094576023350569471e+00,	/* 40002AE5, 9C598AC8 */
77 /* qS3 */	-6.88283971605453293030e-01,	/* BFE6066C, 1B8D0159 */
78 /* qS4 */	 7.70381505559019352791e-02	/* 3FB3B8C5, B12E9282 */
79 };
80 #define	one	xxx[0]
81 #define	pi	xxx[1]
82 #define	pio2_hi	xxx[2]
83 #define	pio2_lo	xxx[3]
84 #define	pS0	xxx[4]
85 #define	pS1	xxx[5]
86 #define	pS2	xxx[6]
87 #define	pS3	xxx[7]
88 #define	pS4	xxx[8]
89 #define	pS5	xxx[9]
90 #define	qS1	xxx[10]
91 #define	qS2	xxx[11]
92 #define	qS3	xxx[12]
93 #define	qS4	xxx[13]
94 /* INDENT ON */
95 
96 double
97 acos(double x) {
98 	double z, p, q, r, w, s, c, df;
99 	int hx, ix;
100 
101 	hx = ((int *) &x)[HIWORD];
102 	ix = hx & 0x7fffffff;
103 	if (ix >= 0x3ff00000) {	/* |x| >= 1 */
104 		if (((ix - 0x3ff00000) | ((int *) &x)[LOWORD]) == 0) {
105 			/* |x| == 1 */
106 			if (hx > 0)	/* acos(1) = 0 */
107 				return (0.0);
108 			else		/* acos(-1) = pi */
109 				return (pi + 2.0 * pio2_lo);
110 		} else if (isnan(x))
111 #if defined(FPADD_TRAPS_INCOMPLETE_ON_NAN)
112 			return (ix >= 0x7ff80000 ? x : (x - x) / (x - x));
113 			/* assumes sparc-like QNaN */
114 #else
115 			return (x - x) / (x - x);	/* acos(|x|>1) is NaN */
116 #endif
117 		else
118 			return (_SVID_libm_err(x, x, 1));
119 	}
120 	if (ix < 0x3fe00000) {	/* |x| < 0.5 */
121 		if (ix <= 0x3c600000)
122 			return (pio2_hi + pio2_lo);	/* if |x| < 2**-57 */
123 		z = x * x;
124 		p = z * (pS0 + z * (pS1 + z * (pS2 + z * (pS3 +
125 			z * (pS4 + z * pS5)))));
126 		q = one + z * (qS1 + z * (qS2 + z * (qS3 + z * qS4)));
127 		r = p / q;
128 		return (pio2_hi - (x - (pio2_lo - x * r)));
129 	} else if (hx < 0) {
130 		/* x < -0.5 */
131 		z = (one + x) * 0.5;
132 		p = z * (pS0 + z * (pS1 + z * (pS2 + z * (pS3 +
133 			z * (pS4 + z * pS5)))));
134 		q = one + z * (qS1 + z * (qS2 + z * (qS3 + z * qS4)));
135 		s = sqrt(z);
136 		r = p / q;
137 		w = r * s - pio2_lo;
138 		return (pi - 2.0 * (s + w));
139 	} else {
140 		/* x > 0.5 */
141 		z = (one - x) * 0.5;
142 		s = sqrt(z);
143 		df = s;
144 		((int *) &df)[LOWORD] = 0;
145 		c = (z - df * df) / (s + df);
146 		p = z * (pS0 + z * (pS1 + z * (pS2 + z * (pS3 +
147 			z * (pS4 + z * pS5)))));
148 		q = one + z * (qS1 + z * (qS2 + z * (qS3 + z * qS4)));
149 		r = p / q;
150 		w = r * s + c;
151 		return (2.0 * (df + w));
152 	}
153 }
154