xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/lib/libc/port/gen/memalign.c (revision 8119dad84d6416f13557b0ba8e2aaf9064cbcfd3)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 
22 /*
23  * Copyright 2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
24  * Use is subject to license terms.
25  * Copyright 2016 Joyent, Inc.
26  * Copyright 2024 Oxide Computer Company
27  */
28 
29 /*	Copyright (c) 1988 AT&T	*/
30 /*	  All Rights Reserved	*/
31 
32 #include "lint.h"
33 #include "mallint.h"
34 #include "mtlib.h"
35 #include <stdalign.h>
36 
37 #define	_misaligned(p)		((unsigned)(p) & 3)
38 		/* 4-byte "word" alignment is considered ok in LP64 */
39 #define	_nextblk(p, size)	((TREE *)((uintptr_t)(p) + (size)))
40 
41 /*
42  * memalign(align, nbytes)
43  *
44  * Description:
45  *	Returns a block of specified size on a specified alignment boundary.
46  *
47  * Algorithm:
48  *	Malloc enough to ensure that a block can be aligned correctly.
49  *	Find the alignment point and return the fragments
50  *	before and after the block.
51  *
52  * Errors:
53  *	Returns NULL and sets errno as follows:
54  *	[EINVAL]
55  *		if nbytes = 0,
56  *		or if alignment is misaligned,
57  *		or if the heap has been detectably corrupted.
58  *	[ENOMEM]
59  *		if the requested memory could not be allocated.
60  */
61 
62 void *
63 memalign(size_t align, size_t nbytes)
64 {
65 	size_t	 reqsize;	/* Num of bytes to get from malloc() */
66 	TREE	*p;		/* Ptr returned from malloc() */
67 	TREE	*blk;		/* For addressing fragment blocks */
68 	size_t	blksize;	/* Current (shrinking) block size */
69 	TREE	*alignedp;	/* Ptr to properly aligned boundary */
70 	TREE	*aligned_blk;	/* The block to be returned */
71 	size_t	frag_size;	/* size of fragments fore and aft */
72 	size_t	 x;
73 
74 	if (!primary_link_map) {
75 		errno = ENOTSUP;
76 		return (NULL);
77 	}
78 
79 	/*
80 	 * check for valid size and alignment parameters
81 	 * MAX_ALIGN check prevents overflow in later calculation.
82 	 */
83 	if (nbytes == 0 || _misaligned(align) || align == 0 ||
84 	    align > MAX_ALIGN) {
85 		errno = EINVAL;
86 		return (NULL);
87 	}
88 
89 	/*
90 	 * Malloc enough memory to guarantee that the result can be
91 	 * aligned correctly. The worst case is when malloc returns
92 	 * a block so close to the next alignment boundary that a
93 	 * fragment of minimum size cannot be created.  In order to
94 	 * make sure we can handle this, we need to force the
95 	 * alignment to be at least as large as the minimum frag size
96 	 * (MINSIZE + WORDSIZE).
97 	 */
98 
99 	/* check for size that could overflow calculations */
100 	if (nbytes > MAX_MALLOC) {
101 		errno = ENOMEM;
102 		return (NULL);
103 	}
104 	ROUND(nbytes);
105 	if (nbytes < MINSIZE)
106 		nbytes = MINSIZE;
107 	ROUND(align);
108 	while (align < MINSIZE + WORDSIZE)
109 		align <<= 1;
110 	reqsize = nbytes + align + (MINSIZE + WORDSIZE);
111 
112 	/* check for overflow */
113 	if (reqsize < nbytes) {
114 		errno = ENOMEM;
115 		return (NULL);
116 	}
117 
118 	p = (TREE *)malloc(reqsize);
119 	if (p == (TREE *)NULL) {
120 		/* malloc sets errno */
121 		return (NULL);
122 	}
123 	(void) mutex_lock(&libc_malloc_lock);
124 
125 	/*
126 	 * get size of the entire block (overhead and all)
127 	 */
128 	blk = BLOCK(p);			/* back up to get length word */
129 	blksize = SIZE(blk);
130 	CLRBITS01(blksize);
131 
132 	/*
133 	 * locate the proper alignment boundary within the block.
134 	 */
135 	x = (size_t)p;
136 	if (x % align != 0)
137 		x += align - (x % align);
138 	alignedp = (TREE *)x;
139 	aligned_blk = BLOCK(alignedp);
140 
141 	/*
142 	 * Check out the space to the left of the alignment
143 	 * boundary, and split off a fragment if necessary.
144 	 */
145 	frag_size = (size_t)aligned_blk - (size_t)blk;
146 	if (frag_size != 0) {
147 		/*
148 		 * Create a fragment to the left of the aligned block.
149 		 */
150 		if (frag_size < MINSIZE + WORDSIZE) {
151 			/*
152 			 * Not enough space. So make the split
153 			 * at the other end of the alignment unit.
154 			 * We know this yields enough space, because
155 			 * we forced align >= MINSIZE + WORDSIZE above.
156 			 */
157 			frag_size += align;
158 			aligned_blk = _nextblk(aligned_blk, align);
159 		}
160 		blksize -= frag_size;
161 		SIZE(aligned_blk) = blksize | BIT0;
162 		frag_size -= WORDSIZE;
163 		SIZE(blk) = frag_size | BIT0 | ISBIT1(SIZE(blk));
164 		_free_unlocked(DATA(blk));
165 	}
166 
167 	/*
168 	 * Is there a (sufficiently large) fragment to the
169 	 * right of the aligned block?
170 	 */
171 	frag_size = blksize - nbytes;
172 	if (frag_size >= MINSIZE + WORDSIZE) {
173 		/*
174 		 * split and free a fragment on the right
175 		 */
176 		blksize = SIZE(aligned_blk);
177 		SIZE(aligned_blk) = nbytes;
178 		blk = NEXT(aligned_blk);
179 		SETOLD01(SIZE(aligned_blk), blksize);
180 		frag_size -= WORDSIZE;
181 		SIZE(blk) = frag_size | BIT0;
182 		_free_unlocked(DATA(blk));
183 	}
184 	(void) mutex_unlock(&libc_malloc_lock);
185 	return (DATA(aligned_blk));
186 }
187 
188 /*
189  * This is the ISO/IEC C11 version of memalign. We have kept it as a separate
190  * function, but it is almost the same thing. aligned_alloc allows any alignment
191  * that is a fundamental alignment of one of the data types. However,
192  * aligned_alloc (like malloc) is required to ensure that the alignment is good
193  * for any of the base data objects. Our expectation is that memalign guarantees
194  * this. To work with memalign(), we round up any smaller alignments to the
195  * alignment of a pointer which is generally the requirement of memalign(3C).
196  *
197  * Note, aligned_alloc is implemented in terms of just calling memalign this way
198  * so that way interposing libraries can just interpose on that.
199  */
200 void *
201 aligned_alloc(size_t align, size_t size)
202 {
203 	if (align == 0 || (align & (align - 1)) != 0) {
204 		errno = EINVAL;
205 		return (NULL);
206 	}
207 
208 	if (align < alignof (uintptr_t))
209 		align = alignof (uintptr_t);
210 
211 	return (memalign(align, size));
212 }
213