xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/lib/libc/amd64/unwind/unwind.c (revision 7b34a9a5df26271af0da06974fc361c468cd48d3)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 
22 /*
23  * Copyright 2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
24  * Use is subject to license terms.
25  * Copyright 2012 Milan Jurik. All rights reserved.
26  * Copyright 2020 OmniOS Community Edition (OmniOSce) Association.
27  */
28 
29 /*
30  * UNWIND - Unwind library
31  */
32 
33 /*
34  * ===================== stack walk ====================
35  *
36  * Stack walk-back starts with the user code at the top of the stack
37  * calling a language specific support routine which calls the generic
38  * unwind code. The unwind code captures
39  * information which can be used to partially build an _Unwind_Context
40  * for the user code containing:
41  *
42  *    callee saves registers <current values>
43  *    PC
44  *    %rbp
45  *    %rsp
46  *
47  * Using that pc location the unwind info for the function is found.
48  * Then the CFA operations encoded in the unwind info are interepreted to get
49  *
50  *    callee saves registers <values on entry>
51  *    the return address
52  *    cannonical frame address
53  *
54  * completing the context for the user function (See
55  * _Unw_Rollback_Registers()) .
56  *
57  * The values computed above are equivalent to the info which would have been
58  * captured from the caller and are used to initialize the callers context
59  * (see _Unw_Propagate_Registers()) which can be completed.
60  *
61  * Using the same two-step procedure
62  * context records for each frame down the stack may be constructed
63  * in turn.  The ABI defined interface to _Unwind_Context provides
64  * access to
65  *
66  *    callee saves registers <current values>
67  *    current PC
68  *    frame pointer
69  *
70  * and allows changing
71  *
72  *    PC
73  *    values of integer argument registers
74  *
75  * (changed values take effect if context is "installed" - think
76  * setcontext(2))
77  *
78  */
79 
80 /*
81  *
82  * |                              |
83  * | local storage for start()    | <FP == 0>
84  * |                              |
85  * --------------------------------.
86  * |                              |
87  * |     ..........               |
88  * |                              | <-  CFA for bar()
89  * --------------------------------.
90  * |                              |
91  * | local storage for bar()      |
92  * |                              | <-  SP for bar(), CFA for foo()
93  * ................................
94  * |  pc for bar()                |
95  * --------------------------------
96  * |                              |
97  * | local storage for foo()      |
98  * |                              | <-  SP for foo(), CFA for ex_throw()
99  * ................................
100  * | pc for foo() - PC3           |
101  * ................................
102  * | saved RBP from foo() - BP3   | <-  FP for ex_throw() == FP2
103  * --------------------------------
104  * |                              |
105  * | local storage for ex_throw() |
106  * |                              | <- SP for ex_throw(), CFA for Unw()
107  * ................................
108  * | pc for ex_throw() - PC2      |
109  * ................................
110  * | saved RBP from ex_throw()    | <- FP for Unw() == FP1
111  * --------------------------------
112  * |                              |
113  * | local storage for Unw()      |
114  * |                              | <- SP for Unw() == SP1
115  *
116  * We know that Unw() and ex_throw save and have an FP
117  *
118  */
119 
120 #ifdef _LIBCRUN_
121 #define	_Unwind_DeleteException  _SUNW_Unwind_DeleteException
122 #define	_Unwind_ForcedUnwind  _SUNW_Unwind_ForcedUnwind
123 #define	_Unwind_GetCFA  _SUNW_Unwind_GetCFA
124 #define	_Unwind_GetGR  _SUNW_Unwind_GetGR
125 #define	_Unwind_GetIP  _SUNW_Unwind_GetIP
126 #define	_Unwind_GetLanguageSpecificData _SUNW_Unwind_GetLanguageSpecificData
127 #define	_Unwind_GetRegionStart  _SUNW_Unwind_GetRegionStart
128 #define	_Unwind_Resume  _SUNW_Unwind_Resume
129 #define	_Unwind_SetGR  _SUNW_Unwind_SetGR
130 #define	_Unwind_SetIP  _SUNW_Unwind_SetIP
131 #else
132 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_DeleteException = _Unwind_DeleteException
133 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_ForcedUnwind = _Unwind_ForcedUnwind
134 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_GetCFA = _Unwind_GetCFA
135 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_GetGR = _Unwind_GetGR
136 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_GetIP = _Unwind_GetIP
137 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_GetLanguageSpecificData = \
138 		_Unwind_GetLanguageSpecificData
139 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_GetRegionStart = _Unwind_GetRegionStart
140 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_Resume = _Unwind_Resume
141 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_SetGR = _Unwind_SetGR
142 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_SetIP = _Unwind_SetIP
143 #endif
144 
145 #include "lint.h"
146 #include <string.h>
147 #include "stack_unwind.h"
148 #include "reg_num.h"
149 #include "unwind_context.h"
150 
151 const _Unwind_Action _UA_SEARCH_PHASE = 1;
152 const _Unwind_Action _UA_CLEANUP_PHASE = 2;
153 const _Unwind_Action _UA_HANDLER_FRAME = 4;
154 const _Unwind_Action _UA_FORCE_UNWIND = 8;
155 
156 void _Unw_capture_regs(uint64_t *regs);
157 void _Unw_jmp(uint64_t pc, uint64_t *regs);
158 
159 static void
160 copy_ctx(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx1, struct _Unwind_Context *ctx2)
161 {
162 	if (ctx1 != ctx2) {
163 		(void) memcpy(ctx2, ctx1, sizeof (*ctx2));
164 	}
165 }
166 
167 static _Unwind_Personality_Fn
168 ctx_who(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx)
169 {
170 	return (ctx->pfn);
171 }
172 
173 /* ARGSUSED */
174 _Unwind_Reason_Code
175 _Unw_very_boring_personality(int version, int actions, uint64_t exclass,
176     struct _Unwind_Exception *exception_object, struct _Unwind_Context *ctx)
177 {
178 	_Unwind_Reason_Code res = _URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND;
179 	uint64_t fp;
180 
181 	fp =  _Unwind_GetCFA(ctx);
182 	if (fp == 0 || _Unwind_GetIP(ctx) == 0) {
183 		return (_URC_END_OF_STACK);
184 	}
185 	return (res);
186 }
187 
188 /*
189  * The only static variables in this code - changed by debugging hook below
190  */
191 static int using_ehf = 1;
192 static uintptr_t def_per_fcn = (uintptr_t)&_Unw_very_boring_personality;
193 
194 void
195 _SUNW_Unw_set_defaults(int use, uintptr_t def_per)
196 {
197 	using_ehf = use;
198 	def_per_fcn = def_per;
199 }
200 
201 static void
202 complete_context(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx)
203 {
204 	struct eh_frame_fields sf;
205 	struct eh_frame_fields *sfp = 0;
206 
207 	ctx->pfn = (_Unwind_Personality_Fn)def_per_fcn;
208 	ctx->lsda = 0;
209 	ctx->func = 0;
210 	ctx->range = 0;
211 	ctx->fde = 0;
212 	if (using_ehf && (0 != _Unw_EhfhLookup(ctx))) {
213 		sfp = _Unw_Decode_FDE(&sf, ctx);
214 	}
215 	(void) _Unw_Rollback_Registers(sfp, ctx);
216 }
217 
218 /*
219  * input: FP1 (or FP2 if from _Unwind_Resume (from_landing_pad))
220  *
221  * FP2 = FP1[0];
222  * BP3 = FP2[0];
223  * PC3 = FP2[1];
224  * SP3 = FP2 + 16;
225  *
226  * output: PC3, SP3, and BP3
227  *
228  * remaining callee saves registers are also captured in context
229  */
230 static void
231 finish_capture(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx, int from_landing_pad)
232 {
233 	uint64_t fp1 = ctx->current_regs[FP_RBP];
234 	uint64_t fp2 = from_landing_pad ? fp1 : ((uint64_t *)fp1)[0];
235 
236 	ctx->pc = ((uint64_t *)fp2)[1];
237 	ctx->current_regs[SP_RSP] = fp2 + 16;
238 	ctx->current_regs[FP_RBP] = ((uint64_t *)fp2)[0];
239 	complete_context(ctx);
240 }
241 
242 static int
243 down_one(struct _Unwind_Context *old_ctx, struct _Unwind_Context *new_ctx)
244 {
245 	uint64_t old_cfa = old_ctx->cfa;
246 	uint64_t old_pc = old_ctx->pc;
247 	uint64_t new_cfa;
248 
249 	if (old_cfa == 0 || old_pc == 0) {
250 		new_ctx->pc = 0;
251 		new_ctx->cfa = 0;
252 		new_ctx->ra = 0;
253 		return (1);
254 	}
255 	if (old_ctx->ra == 0) {
256 		new_ctx->pc = 0;
257 		new_ctx->cfa = 0;
258 		new_ctx->ra = 0;
259 		return (0);
260 	}
261 	/* now shift ----------------------------- */
262 	_Unw_Propagate_Registers(old_ctx, new_ctx);
263 	complete_context(new_ctx);
264 	new_cfa = new_ctx->cfa;
265 	if ((new_cfa < old_cfa) || (new_cfa & 7)) {
266 		new_ctx->pc = 0;
267 		new_ctx->cfa = 0;
268 		new_ctx->ra = 0;
269 	}
270 	return (0);
271 }
272 
273 static void
274 jmp_ctx(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx)
275 {
276 	_Unw_jmp(ctx->pc, ctx->current_regs);
277 }
278 
279 /*
280  * Here starts the real work - the entry points from either a language
281  * runtime or directly from user code.
282  *
283  * The two ..._Body functions are intended as private interfaces for
284  * Sun code as well so should remain accessible.
285  */
286 _Unwind_Reason_Code
287 _Unwind_RaiseException_Body(struct _Unwind_Exception *exception_object,
288     struct _Unwind_Context *entry_ctx, int phase)
289 {
290 	struct _Unwind_Context context;
291 	struct _Unwind_Context *ctx = &context;
292 	_Unwind_Reason_Code res;
293 
294 	if (phase & _UA_SEARCH_PHASE) {
295 		finish_capture(entry_ctx, 0);
296 		copy_ctx(entry_ctx, ctx);
297 
298 		for (;;) {
299 			res = (*ctx_who(ctx))(1, phase,
300 			    exception_object->exception_class,
301 			    exception_object, ctx);
302 			if (res != _URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND)
303 				break;
304 			if (down_one(ctx, ctx))
305 				return (_URC_FATAL_PHASE1_ERROR);
306 		}
307 		switch (res) {
308 		case _URC_HANDLER_FOUND:
309 			exception_object->private_2 = _Unwind_GetCFA(ctx);
310 			break;
311 		default:
312 			return (res);
313 		}
314 	} else {
315 		finish_capture(entry_ctx, 1);
316 		if (down_one(entry_ctx, entry_ctx))
317 			return (_URC_FATAL_PHASE2_ERROR);
318 	}
319 
320 	phase = _UA_CLEANUP_PHASE;
321 	copy_ctx(entry_ctx, ctx);
322 
323 	for (;;) {
324 		if (exception_object->private_2 == _Unwind_GetCFA(ctx)) {
325 			phase |= _UA_HANDLER_FRAME;
326 		}
327 		res = (*ctx_who(ctx))(1, phase,
328 		    exception_object->exception_class,
329 		    exception_object, ctx);
330 		if ((phase & _UA_HANDLER_FRAME) && res != _URC_INSTALL_CONTEXT)
331 			return (_URC_FATAL_PHASE2_ERROR);
332 		if (res != _URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND)
333 			break;
334 		if (down_one(ctx, ctx))
335 			return (_URC_FATAL_PHASE2_ERROR);
336 	}
337 	switch (res) {
338 	case _URC_INSTALL_CONTEXT:
339 		exception_object->private_1 = 0;
340 		jmp_ctx(ctx); /* does not return */
341 		break;
342 	default:
343 		break;
344 	}
345 	return (res);
346 }
347 
348 /*
349  * Unfortunately, the closed source libCrun.so library calls into the
350  * _Unwind_RaiseException function without ensuring that the stack pointer
351  * is properly aligned. Some of the downstream functions use SSE instructions
352  * and raise GP when the stack is not aligned.
353  * To work around this, the entry point for _Unwind_RaiseException is
354  * implemented in assembler (in unwind_wrap.s) and it properly aligns the stack
355  * before calling the real function here.
356  */
357 _Unwind_Reason_Code
358 __Unwind_RaiseException_Backend(struct _Unwind_Exception *exception_object)
359 {
360 	struct _Unwind_Context entry_context;
361 	struct _Unwind_Context *entry_ctx = &entry_context;
362 
363 	_Unw_capture_regs(entry_ctx->current_regs);
364 
365 	return (_Unwind_RaiseException_Body(exception_object, entry_ctx,
366 	    _UA_SEARCH_PHASE));
367 }
368 
369 _Unwind_Reason_Code
370 _Unwind_ForcedUnwind_Body(struct _Unwind_Exception *exception_object,
371     _Unwind_Stop_Fn stop, void *stop_parameter,
372     struct _Unwind_Context *ctx, int resume)
373 {
374 	_Unwind_Reason_Code res;
375 	int phase = _UA_CLEANUP_PHASE | _UA_FORCE_UNWIND;
376 
377 	int again;
378 	int doper;
379 
380 	finish_capture(ctx, resume);
381 	if (resume && down_one(ctx, ctx))
382 		return (_URC_FATAL_PHASE2_ERROR);
383 
384 	do {
385 		again = 0;
386 		doper = 0;
387 		res = (*stop)(1, phase,
388 		    exception_object->exception_class,
389 		    exception_object, ctx, stop_parameter);
390 		switch (res) {
391 		case _URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND:
392 			/* keep going - don't call personality */
393 			again = 1;
394 			break;
395 		case _URC_NO_REASON:
396 			/* keep going - do call personality */
397 			again = 1;
398 			doper = 1;
399 			break;
400 		case _URC_NORMAL_STOP:  /* done */
401 			break;
402 		case _URC_INSTALL_CONTEXT:  /* resume execution */
403 			break;
404 		default:		/* failure */
405 			break;
406 		}
407 		if (doper) {
408 			res = (*ctx_who(ctx))(1, phase,
409 			    exception_object->exception_class,
410 			    exception_object, ctx);
411 		}
412 		switch (res) {
413 		case _URC_INSTALL_CONTEXT:
414 			exception_object->private_1 = (uint64_t)stop;
415 			exception_object->private_2 = (uint64_t)stop_parameter;
416 			jmp_ctx(ctx); /* does not return */
417 			break;
418 		case _URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND:
419 		case _URC_NO_REASON:
420 			break;
421 		case _URC_END_OF_STACK:
422 			ctx->cfa = ctx->ra = ctx->pc = 0;
423 			res = (*stop)(1, phase,
424 			    exception_object->exception_class,
425 			    exception_object, ctx, stop_parameter);
426 			return (_URC_END_OF_STACK);
427 		default:
428 			again = 0;
429 			break;
430 		}
431 		if (again) {
432 			if (down_one(ctx, ctx)) {
433 				return (_URC_FATAL_PHASE2_ERROR);
434 			}
435 		}
436 	} while (again);
437 
438 	return (res);
439 }
440 
441 _Unwind_Reason_Code
442 _Unwind_ForcedUnwind(struct _Unwind_Exception *exception_object,
443     _Unwind_Stop_Fn stop, void *stop_parameter)
444 {
445 	struct _Unwind_Context context;
446 	struct _Unwind_Context *ctx = &context;
447 
448 	_Unw_capture_regs(ctx->current_regs);
449 
450 	return (_Unwind_ForcedUnwind_Body(exception_object, stop,
451 	    stop_parameter, ctx, 0));
452 }
453 
454 void
455 _Unwind_Resume(struct _Unwind_Exception *exception_object)
456 {
457 
458 	struct _Unwind_Context context;
459 	struct _Unwind_Context *ctx = &context;
460 
461 	_Unw_capture_regs(ctx->current_regs);
462 
463 	if (exception_object->private_1)
464 		(void) _Unwind_ForcedUnwind_Body(exception_object,
465 		    (_Unwind_Stop_Fn)exception_object->private_1,
466 		    (void *)exception_object->private_2,
467 		    ctx, 1);
468 	else
469 		(void) _Unwind_RaiseException_Body(exception_object, ctx,
470 		    _UA_CLEANUP_PHASE);
471 }
472 
473 /* Calls destructor function for exception object */
474 void
475 _Unwind_DeleteException(struct _Unwind_Exception *exception_object)
476 {
477 	if (exception_object->exception_cleanup != 0)
478 		(*(exception_object->exception_cleanup))(_URC_NO_REASON,
479 		    exception_object);
480 }
481 
482 
483 /*
484  * stack frame context accessors defined in ABI
485  * (despite all the dire text in the ABI these are reliable Get/Set routines)
486  * Note: RA is handled as GR value
487  */
488 uint64_t
489 _Unwind_GetGR(struct _Unwind_Context *context, int index)
490 {
491 	uint64_t res = 0;
492 	if (index <= EIR_R15) {
493 		res = context->current_regs[index];
494 	} else if (index == RET_ADD) {
495 		res = context->ra;
496 	}
497 	return (res);
498 }
499 
500 
501 void
502 _Unwind_SetGR(struct _Unwind_Context *context, int index, uint64_t new_value)
503 {
504 	if (index <= EIR_R15) {
505 		context->current_regs[index] = new_value;
506 	} else if (index == RET_ADD) {
507 		context->ra = new_value;
508 	}
509 }
510 
511 
512 uint64_t
513 _Unwind_GetIP(struct _Unwind_Context *context)
514 {
515 	return (context->pc);
516 }
517 
518 void
519 _Unwind_SetIP(struct _Unwind_Context *context, uint64_t new_value)
520 {
521 	context->pc = new_value;
522 }
523 
524 
525 void *
526 _Unwind_GetLanguageSpecificData(struct _Unwind_Context *context)
527 {
528 	return (context->lsda);
529 }
530 
531 
532 uint64_t
533 _Unwind_GetRegionStart(struct _Unwind_Context *context)
534 {
535 	return (context->func);
536 }
537 
538 uint64_t
539 _Unwind_GetCFA(struct _Unwind_Context *context)
540 {
541 	return (context->cfa);
542 }
543