xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/data/zoneinfo/northamerica (revision d17be682a2c70b4505d43c830bbd2603da11918d)
1# tzdb data for North and Central America and environs
2
3# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
4# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
5
6# also includes Central America and the Caribbean
7
8# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
9# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
10# tz@iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
11# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
12
13# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
14# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
15# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
16
17###############################################################################
18
19# United States
20
21# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
22# Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
23# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
24# Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
25# His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
26# was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
27# in New York City (1869-10).  His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
28# but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
29
30# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-20):
31# Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw
32# lines between time zones.  The key individual who made time zones
33# work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer,
34# managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the
35# General Time Convention, a railway standardization group.  Allen
36# spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders,
37# developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it
38# to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan
39# meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for
40# railway scheduling.  By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all
41# railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18.  That Sunday
42# was called the "day of two noons", as some locations observed noon
43# twice.  Allen witnessed the transition in New York City, writing:
44#
45#   I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time.  Four
46#   minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval
47#   Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes
48#   of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was
49#   abandoned, probably forever.
50#
51# Most of the US soon followed suit.  See:
52# Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56.
53# https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430
54
55# From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
56# That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
57# See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
58
59# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
60# A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
61# Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
62# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
63# Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
64# It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
65
66# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
67# Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
68# in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
69# of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
70# Not everyone is happy with the results:
71#
72#	I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
73#	agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
74#	daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
75#	I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
76#	valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen.  As an admirer
77#	of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
78#	reduce my time for enjoying it.  At the back of the Daylight Saving
79#	scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
80#	to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
81#	them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
82#
83#	 -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
84#	   Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
85#
86# For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
87# Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
88# (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).
89# https://web.archive.org/web/20160517155308/http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html
90#
91# Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
92# However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
93# was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
94# time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
95
96# From Paul Eggert (2019-06-04):
97# Here is the legal basis for the US federal rules.
98# * Public Law 65-106 (1918-03-19) implemented standard and daylight saving
99#   time for the first time across the US, springing forward on March's last
100#   Sunday and falling back on October's last Sunday.
101#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/65th-congress/session-2/c65s2ch24.pdf
102# * Public Law 66-40 (1919-08-20) repealed DST on October 1919's last Sunday.
103#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/66th-congress/session-1/c66s1ch51.pdf
104# * Public Law 77-403 (1942-01-20) started wartime DST on 1942-02-09.
105#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/77th-congress/session-2/c77s2ch7.pdf
106# * Public Law 79-187 (1945-09-25) ended wartime DST on 1945-09-30.
107#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/79th-congress/session-1/c79s1ch388.pdf
108# * Public Law 89-387 (1966-04-13) reinstituted a national standard for DST,
109#   from April's last Sunday to October's last Sunday, effective 1967.
110#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-80/pdf/STATUTE-80-Pg107.pdf
111# * Public Law 93-182 (1973-12-15) moved the 1974 spring-forward to 01-06.
112#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-87/pdf/STATUTE-87-Pg707.pdf
113# * Public Law 93-434 (1974-10-05) moved the 1975 spring-forward to
114#   February's last Sunday.
115#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-88/pdf/STATUTE-88-Pg1209.pdf
116# * Public Law 99-359 (1986-07-08) moved the spring-forward to April's first
117#   Sunday.
118#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-100/pdf/STATUTE-100-Pg764.pdf
119# * Public Law 109-58 (2005-08-08), effective 2007, moved the spring-forward
120#   to March's second Sunday and the fall-back to November's first Sunday.
121#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-109publ58/pdf/PLAW-109publ58.pdf
122# All transitions are at 02:00 local time.
123
124# From Arthur David Olson:
125# Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
126# Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
127
128# From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
129# Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
130# In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
131# An AltaVista search turned up:
132# https://web.archive.org/web/20000926032210/http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
133# "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
134# Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.'  Peace is wonderful."
135# (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
136#
137# From Paul Eggert (2017-09-23):
138# This was the V-J Day issue of the Clamdigger, a Rowayton, CT newsletter.
139
140# From Joseph Gallant citing
141# George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
142# At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
143# to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
144# never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
145# CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
146# but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
147# of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
148# London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
149
150# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout.  From
151# Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
152#
153# ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
154# Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
155# wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
156# Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
157# typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
158# importance."
159#
160# On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
161# microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
162# before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
163# The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
164#
165# He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
166
167# From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
168# Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
169# that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
170# U.S. government action.  So even though the "US" rules have changed
171# in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
172
173# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
174Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
175Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
176Rule	US	1942	only	-	Feb	9	2:00	1:00	W # War
177Rule	US	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
178Rule	US	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
179Rule	US	1967	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
180Rule	US	1967	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
181Rule	US	1974	only	-	Jan	6	2:00	1:00	D
182Rule	US	1975	only	-	Feb	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
183Rule	US	1976	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
184Rule	US	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
185Rule	US	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
186Rule	US	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
187
188# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
189# We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
190# obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
191# We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
192# this time zone package.
193# We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
194# a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
195# We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
196# increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
197# avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
198
199# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
200Zone	EST		 -5:00	-	EST
201Zone	MST		 -7:00	-	MST
202Zone	HST		-10:00	-	HST
203Zone	EST5EDT		 -5:00	US	E%sT
204Zone	CST6CDT		 -6:00	US	C%sT
205Zone	MST7MDT		 -7:00	US	M%sT
206Zone	PST8PDT		 -8:00	US	P%sT
207
208# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
209# USA  EASTERN       5 H  BEHIND UTC    NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
210# USA  EASTERN       4 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
211# USA  CENTRAL       6 H  BEHIND UTC    CHICAGO, HOUSTON
212# USA  CENTRAL       5 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
213# USA  MOUNTAIN      7 H  BEHIND UTC    DENVER
214# USA  MOUNTAIN      6 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
215# USA  PACIFIC       8 H  BEHIND UTC    L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
216# USA  PACIFIC       7 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
217# USA  ALASKA STD    9 H  BEHIND UTC    MOST OF ALASKA     (AKST)
218# USA  ALASKA STD    8 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
219# USA  ALEUTIAN     10 H  BEHIND UTC    ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
220# USA    "           9 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
221# USA  HAWAII       10 H  BEHIND UTC
222# USA  BERING       11 H  BEHIND UTC    SAMOA, MIDWAY
223
224# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
225# The above dates are for 1988.
226# Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
227# no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
228# Aleutians.
229
230# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
231# Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
232# Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward.  First, names
233# up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
234# took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
235#	(none)
236#	United States standard eastern time
237#	United States standard mountain time
238#	United States standard central time
239#	United States standard Pacific time
240#	(none)
241#	United States standard Alaska time
242#	(none)
243# Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
244# public law 98-181):
245#	Atlantic standard time
246#	eastern standard time
247#	central standard time
248#	mountain standard time
249#	Pacific standard time
250#	Yukon standard time
251#	Alaska-Hawaii standard time
252#	Bering standard time
253# And after 1983-11-30:
254#	Atlantic standard time
255#	eastern standard time
256#	central standard time
257#	mountain standard time
258#	Pacific standard time
259#	Alaska standard time
260#	Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
261#	Samoa standard time
262# The law doesn't give abbreviations.
263#
264# From Paul Eggert (2016-12-19):
265# Here are URLs for the 1918 and 1966 legislation:
266# http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=40&page=451
267# http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=80&page=108
268# Although the 1918 names were officially "United States Standard
269# Eastern Time" and similarly for "Central", "Mountain", "Pacific",
270# and "Alaska", in practice "Standard" was placed just before "Time",
271# as codified in 1966.  In practice, Alaska time was abbreviated "AST"
272# before 1968.  Summarizing the 1967 name changes:
273#	1918 names			1967 names
274#  -08	Standard Pacific Time (PST)	Pacific standard time (PST)
275#  -09	(unofficial) Yukon (YST)	Yukon standard time (YST)
276#  -10	Standard Alaska Time (AST)	Alaska-Hawaii standard time (AHST)
277#  -11	(unofficial) Nome (NST)		Bering standard time (BST)
278#
279# From Paul Eggert (2023-01-23), from a 2001-01-08 heads-up from Rives McDow:
280# Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced "Chamorro standard time"
281# for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.  See the file "australasia".
282# Also see 15 U.S.C. §263 <https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/263>.
283#
284# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17):
285# HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian
286# standard and daylight times.  See section 9.47 (p 234) of the
287# U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)
288# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
289
290# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
291# The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
292#
293# H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
294#   (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
295#   U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
296#     (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
297#     Sunday of March"; and
298#     (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
299#     Sunday of November'.
300#   (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
301#   date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
302#   (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
303#   date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
304#   on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
305#   States.
306#   (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
307#   Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
308#   Department study is complete.
309
310# US eastern time, represented by New York
311
312# Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
313# Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
314# (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
315# New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
316# Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
317# Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
318
319# From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
320# Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
321# Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
322# One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
323# and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
324# reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
325
326# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
327# According to today's Huntsville Times
328# http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1
329# a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
330# in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
331# set their watches and clocks on Eastern time."  It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
332# Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
333# time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
334# in Columbus."
335#
336# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22):
337# Four cities are involved.  The two not mentioned above are Smiths Station
338# and Valley.  Barbara Brooks, Valley's assistant treasurer, heard it started
339# because West Point Pepperell textile mills were in Alabama while the
340# corporate office was in Georgia, and residents voted to keep Eastern
341# time even after the mills closed.  See: Kazek K. Did you know which
342# Alabama towns are in a different time zone?  al.com 2017-02-06.
343# http://www.al.com/living/index.ssf/2017/02/do_you_know_which_alabama_town.html
344
345# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
346# Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
347# says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
348# Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch.
349
350# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
351Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
352Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
353Rule	NYC	1921	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
354Rule	NYC	1921	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
355Rule	NYC	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
356# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
357		#STDOFF	-4:56:01.6
358Zone America/New_York	-4:56:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 17:00u
359			-5:00	US	E%sT	1920
360			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1942
361			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
362			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1967
363			-5:00	US	E%sT
364
365# US central time, represented by Chicago
366
367# Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
368# Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
369# Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
370# (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
371# Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
372# Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
373# Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
374# western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
375
376# From Paul Eggert (2018-01-07):
377# In 1869 the Chicago Astronomical Society contracted with the city to keep
378# time.  Though delayed by the Great Fire, by 1880 a wire ran from the
379# Dearborn Observatory (on the University of Chicago campus) to City Hall,
380# which then sent signals to police and fire stations.  However, railroads got
381# their time signals from the Allegheny Observatory, the Madison Observatory,
382# the Ann Arbor Observatory, etc., so their clocks did not agree with each
383# other or with the city's official time.  The confusion took some years to
384# clear up.  See:
385# Moser M. How Chicago gave America its time zones. Chicago. 2018-01-04.
386# http://www.chicagomag.com/city-life/January-2018/How-Chicago-Gave-America-Its-Time-Zones/
387
388# From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
389# https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/175.pdf
390# is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change.  Because the local
391# "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
392# are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
393# hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
394#
395# From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
396# Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
397# Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
398# https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2007/related/acts/3
399
400# From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):
401# Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is
402# the rest of Stanley County.  Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre
403# uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in
404# Pierre so it simplifies schedules.  I have lived in Stanley County
405# all my life and it has been that way since I can remember.  (43 years!)
406#
407# From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25):
408# Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago.
409
410# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-06):
411# In 1950s Nashville a public clock had dueling faces, one for conservatives
412# and the other for liberals; the two sides didn't agree about the time of day.
413# I haven't found a photo of this clock, nor have I tracked down the TIME
414# magazine report cited below, but here's the story as told by the late
415# American journalist John Seigenthaler, who was there:
416#
417# "The two [newspaper] owners held strongly contrasting political and
418# ideological views.  Evans was a New South liberal, Stahlman an Old South
419# conservative, and their two papers frequently clashed editorially, often on
420# the same day....  In the 1950s as the state legislature was grappling with
421# the question of whether to approve daylight saving time for the entire state,
422# TIME magazine reported:
423#
424# "'The Nashville Banner and The Nashville Tennessean rarely agree on anything
425# but the time of day - and last week they couldn't agree on that.'
426#
427# "It was all too true. The clock on the front of the building had two faces -
428# The Tennessean side of the building facing west, the other, east.  When it
429# was high noon Banner time, it was 11 a.m. Tennessean time."
430#
431# Seigenthaler J. For 100 years, Tennessean had it covered.
432# The Tennessean 2007-05-11, republished 2015-04-06.
433# https://www.tennessean.com/story/insider/extras/2015/04/06/archives-seigenthaler-for-100-years-the-tennessean-had-it-covered/25348545/
434
435# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
436Rule	Chicago	1920	only	-	Jun	13	2:00	1:00	D
437Rule	Chicago	1920	1921	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
438Rule	Chicago	1921	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
439Rule	Chicago	1922	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
440Rule	Chicago	1922	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
441Rule	Chicago	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
442# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
443Zone America/Chicago	-5:50:36 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
444			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920
445			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1936 Mar  1  2:00
446			-5:00	-	EST	1936 Nov 15  2:00
447			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1942
448			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
449			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1967
450			-6:00	US	C%sT
451# Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
452Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 19:00u
453			-7:00	US	M%sT	1992 Oct 25  2:00
454			-6:00	US	C%sT
455# Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
456# 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
457# See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
458# Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
459# Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
460# but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
461# See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
462Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 19:00u
463			-7:00	US	M%sT	2003 Oct 26  2:00
464			-6:00	US	C%sT
465
466# From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
467# ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
468# mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
469# daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
470# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
471# http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
472
473# From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
474# ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
475# it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
476# largest city in Mercer County).  Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
477# at 47° 15' 51" N, 101° 46' 40" W, which yields an offset of 6h47'07".
478
479Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 19:00u
480			-7:00	US	M%sT	2010 Nov  7  2:00
481			-6:00	US	C%sT
482
483# US mountain time, represented by Denver
484#
485# Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
486# Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
487# New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
488# western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
489# and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
490#
491# From Paul Eggert (2018-10-25):
492# On 1921-03-04 federal law placed all of Texas into the central time zone.
493# However, El Paso ignored the law for decades and continued to observe
494# mountain time, on the grounds that that's what they had always done
495# and they weren't about to let the federal government tell them what to do.
496# Eventually the federal government gave in and changed the law on
497# 1970-04-10 to match what El Paso was actually doing.  Although
498# that's slightly after our 1970 cutoff, there is no need to create a
499# separate zone for El Paso since they were ignoring the law anyway.  See:
500# Long T. El Pasoans were time rebels, fought to stay in Mountain zone.
501# El Paso Times. 2018-10-24 06:40 -06.
502# https://www.elpasotimes.com/story/news/local/el-paso/2018/10/24/el-pasoans-were-time-rebels-fought-stay-mountain-zone/1744509002/
503#
504# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
505Rule	Denver	1920	1921	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
506Rule	Denver	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
507Rule	Denver	1921	only	-	May	22	2:00	0	S
508Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
509Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
510# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
511Zone America/Denver	-6:59:56 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 19:00u
512			-7:00	US	M%sT	1920
513			-7:00	Denver	M%sT	1942
514			-7:00	US	M%sT	1946
515			-7:00	Denver	M%sT	1967
516			-7:00	US	M%sT
517
518# US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
519#
520# California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
521# Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
522# north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
523# Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern ¾ of
524# Malheur county), and Washington
525
526# From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20):
527# In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage,
528# PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours,
529# causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day.  (This did not change
530# legal time, and is not part of the data here.)  See:
531# Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948.
532# Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley,
533# 1973-11.  https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c
534#
535# In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14
536# at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move
537# the fallback transition earlier.  See pages 3-4 of:
538# http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf
539#
540# In response:
541#
542#   Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much
543#   to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important
544#   factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California.
545#     -- Ross, p 25
546#
547# On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1
548# (LA Times 1948-12-09).  The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01).
549#
550# Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12,
551# which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's
552# last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed
553# the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See:
554# https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props
555# https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props
556#
557# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
558Rule	CA	1948	only	-	Mar	14	2:01	1:00	D
559Rule	CA	1949	only	-	Jan	 1	2:00	0	S
560Rule	CA	1950	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	1:00	1:00	D
561Rule	CA	1950	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
562Rule	CA	1962	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
563# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
564Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 20:00u
565			-8:00	US	P%sT	1946
566			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1967
567			-8:00	US	P%sT
568
569# Alaska
570# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -09 per USNO.
571#
572# From Paul Eggert (2017-06-15):
573# Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
574# and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
575# On Friday, 1867-10-18 (Gregorian), at precisely 15:30 local time, the
576# Russian forts and fleet at Sitka fired salutes to mark the ceremony of
577# formal transfer.  See the Sacramento Daily Union (1867-11-14), p 3, col 2.
578# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18671114.2.12.1
579# Sitka workers did not change their calendars until Sunday, 1867-10-20,
580# and so celebrated two Sundays that week.  See: Ahllund T (tr Hallamaa P).
581# From the memoirs of a Finnish workman. Alaska History. 2006 Fall;21(2):1-25.
582# http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Ahllund-2006-Memoirs-of-a-Finnish-Workman.pdf
583# Include only the time zone part of this transition, ignoring the switch
584# from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent the Julian calendar.
585#
586# As far as we know, of the locations mentioned below only Sitka was
587# permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
588# (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement was
589# destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.)  Many of Alaska's inhabitants
590# were unaware of the US acquisition of Alaska, much less of any calendar or
591# time change.  However, the Russian-influenced part of Alaska did observe
592# Russian time, and it is more accurate to model this than to ignore it.
593# The database format requires an exact transition time; use the Russian
594# salute as a somewhat-arbitrary time for the formal transfer of control for
595# all of Alaska.  Sitka's UTC offset is -9:01:13; adjust its 15:30 to the
596# local times of other Alaskan locations so that they change simultaneously.
597
598# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
599# One opinion of the early 1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
600# daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
601# "Welcome to Juneau.  Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
602# See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
603# http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
604#
605# Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
606# Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
607# Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
608# http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
609
610# From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
611# Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
612#
613# On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
614# 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
615# Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
616# Pacific Time.
617#
618# ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
619# Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
620# northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
621#
622# On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
623# unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
624#
625# According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
626# bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
627#
628# (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
629# Nation.)
630
631# From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
632# I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
633# Community office (using contact information available at
634# http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
635# It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
636# the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
637# that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
638# own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
639# did not inquire about practices in the past.
640
641# From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
642# For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
643# abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
644
645# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09):
646# It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing
647# their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching
648# between AKST and AKDT from now on....
649# https://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
650
651# From Ryan Stanley (2018-11-06):
652# The Metlakatla community in Alaska has decided not to change its
653# clock back an hour starting on November 4th, 2018 (day before yesterday).
654# They will be gmtoff=-28800 year-round.
655# https://www.facebook.com/141055983004923/photos/pb.141055983004923.-2207520000.1541465673./569081370202380/
656
657# From Paul Eggert (2018-12-16):
658# In a 2018-12-11 special election, Metlakatla voted to go back to
659# Alaska time (including daylight saving time) starting next year.
660# https://www.krbd.org/2018/12/12/metlakatla-to-follow-alaska-standard-time-allow-liquor-sales/
661#
662# From Ryan Stanley (2019-01-11):
663# The community will be changing back on the 20th of this month...
664# From Tim Parenti (2019-01-11):
665# Per an announcement on the Metlakatla community's official Facebook page, the
666# "fall back" will be on Sunday 2019-01-20 at 02:00:
667# https://www.facebook.com/141055983004923/photos/607150969728753/
668# So they won't be waiting for Alaska to join them on 2019-03-10, but will
669# rather change their clocks twice in seven weeks.
670
671# From Paul Eggert (2023-01-23):
672# America/Adak is for the Aleutian Islands that are part of Alaska
673# and are west of 169.5° W.
674
675# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
676Zone America/Juneau	 15:02:19 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:33:32
677			 -8:57:41 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
678			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
679			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
680			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
681			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1980 Apr 27  2:00
682			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1980 Oct 26  2:00
683			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
684			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
685			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
686Zone America/Sitka	 14:58:47 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:30
687			 -9:01:13 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
688			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
689			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
690			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
691			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
692			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
693			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
694Zone America/Metlakatla	 15:13:42 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:44:55
695			 -8:46:18 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
696			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
697			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
698			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
699			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
700			 -8:00	-	PST	2015 Nov  1  2:00
701			 -9:00	US	AK%sT	2018 Nov  4  2:00
702			 -8:00	-	PST	2019 Jan 20  2:00
703			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
704Zone America/Yakutat	 14:41:05 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:12:18
705			 -9:18:55 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
706			 -9:00	-	YST	1942
707			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1946
708			 -9:00	-	YST	1969
709			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
710			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
711Zone America/Anchorage	 14:00:24 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 14:31:37
712			 -9:59:36 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
713			-10:00	-	AST	1942
714			-10:00	US	A%sT	1967 Apr
715			-10:00	-	AHST	1969
716			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
717			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
718			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
719Zone America/Nome	 12:58:22 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 13:29:35
720			-11:01:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
721			-11:00	-	NST	1942
722			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
723			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr
724			-11:00	-	BST	1969
725			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
726			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
727			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
728Zone America/Adak	 12:13:22 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 12:44:35
729			-11:46:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
730			-11:00	-	NST	1942
731			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
732			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr
733			-11:00	-	BST	1969
734			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
735			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Nov 30
736			-10:00	US	H%sT
737# The following switches don't make our 1970 cutoff.
738#
739# Kiska observed Tokyo date and time during Japanese occupation from
740# 1942-06-06 to 1943-07-29, and similarly for Attu from 1942-06-07 to
741# 1943-05-29 (all dates American).  Both islands are now uninhabited.
742#
743# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
744# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
745# and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
746#
747# From David Flater (2004-11-09):
748# In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
749# Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
750# suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
751# possibly until 1983:
752#
753#  Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
754#  "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
755#  location not on Alaska Standard Time.  The following resolution was
756#  made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
757#  resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
758#  Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
759#  January 14, Alaska Standard Time.)  This resolution was passed with
760#  three votes for and one against."
761
762# Hawaii
763
764# From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
765# "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
766# of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
767# the article is available at
768# https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
769# and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
770# 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
771# saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
772# last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
773# act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
774# from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
775# when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
776# effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
777# day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
778# cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
779# and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
780
781# From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
782# The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
783# Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
784# 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
785# 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
786# year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
787# hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
788# day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
789# Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
790# hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
791# which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
792# that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
793# Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
794# of the Territory of Hawaii."
795#
796# Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
797# We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
798
799# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
800Zone Pacific/Honolulu	-10:31:26 -	LMT	1896 Jan 13 12:00
801			-10:30	-	HST	1933 Apr 30  2:00
802			-10:30	1:00	HDT	1933 May 21 12:00
803			-10:30	US	H%sT	1947 Jun  8  2:00
804			-10:00	-	HST
805
806# Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
807
808# Arizona mostly uses MST.
809
810# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
811#
812# The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
813# Daylight Saving Time web page
814# <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
815# maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
816# Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
817# time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
818# personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
819# observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time.  The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
820# Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
821# the date the state's clocks would change.  In 1945 the State of
822# Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
823# mandated by federal law.  Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
824# Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
825#
826# Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
827# Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
828
829# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
830Zone America/Phoenix	-7:28:18 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 19:00u
831			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Jan  1  0:01
832			-7:00	-	MST	1944 Apr  1  0:01
833			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Oct  1  0:01
834			-7:00	-	MST	1967
835			-7:00	US	M%sT	1968 Mar 21
836			-7:00	-	MST
837
838# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
839# A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
840# notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
841# Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
842# large size and location in three states."  (The "only" means that other
843# tribal nations don't use DST.)
844#
845# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
846# See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
847
848# Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
849# Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
850# Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
851# Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
852# Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
853# quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
854# switched four weeks late in 1974.
855#
856# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
857Zone America/Boise	-7:44:49 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 20:00u
858			-8:00	US	P%sT	1923 May 13  2:00
859			-7:00	US	M%sT	1974
860			-7:00	-	MST	1974 Feb  3  2:00
861			-7:00	US	M%sT
862
863# Indiana
864#
865# For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
866# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
867#
868# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-30):
869# A brief but entertaining history of time in Indiana describes a 1949 debate
870# in the Indiana House where city legislators (who favored "fast time")
871# tussled with farm legislators (who didn't) over a bill to outlaw DST:
872#  "Lacking enough votes, the city faction tries to filibuster until time runs
873#   out on the session at midnight, but rural champion Rep. Herbert Copeland,
874#   R-Madison, leans over the gallery railing and forces the official clock
875#   back to 9 p.m., breaking it in the process.  The clock sticks on 9 as the
876#   debate rages on into the night.  The filibuster finally dies out and the
877#   bill passes, while outside the chamber, clocks read 3:30 a.m.  In the end,
878#   it doesn't matter which side won.  The law has no enforcement powers and
879#   is simply ignored by fast-time communities."
880# How Indiana went from 'God's time' to split zones and daylight-saving.
881# Indianapolis Star. 2018-11-27 14:58 -05.
882# https://www.indystar.com/story/news/politics/2018/11/27/indianapolis-indiana-time-zone-history-central-eastern-daylight-savings-time/2126300002/
883#
884# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
885# Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
886# with the following exceptions:
887#
888# - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
889#   Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
890#
891# - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
892#
893# - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
894#   America/Kentucky/Louisville.
895#
896# - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
897#   and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
898#
899# Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
900# and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
901# Those Hoosiers!  Such a flighty and changeable people!
902# Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
903#
904# Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
905# that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
906# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
907
908# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
909# https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
910# says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
911# Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
912# Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
913# this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
914# changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
915# Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
916# clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error.  The intent
917# was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
918
919# From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
920# The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
921# going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
922# http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
923
924# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
925Rule Indianapolis 1941	only	-	Jun	22	2:00	1:00	D
926Rule Indianapolis 1941	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
927Rule Indianapolis 1946	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
928# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
929Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 18:00u
930			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920
931			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1942
932			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
933			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1955 Apr 24  2:00
934			-5:00	-	EST	1957 Sep 29  2:00
935			-6:00	-	CST	1958 Apr 27  2:00
936			-5:00	-	EST	1969
937			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
938			-5:00	-	EST	2006
939			-5:00	US	E%sT
940#
941# Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
942# as well as from 1976 through 2005.
943# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
944Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
945Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
946Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
947Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
948# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
949Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
950			-6:00	US	C%sT	1951
951			-6:00	Marengo	C%sT	1961 Apr 30  2:00
952			-5:00	-	EST	1969
953			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6  2:00
954			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27  2:00
955			-5:00	US	E%sT	1976
956			-5:00	-	EST	2006
957			-5:00	US	E%sT
958#
959# Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
960# switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
961# in November 2007.
962# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
963Rule Vincennes	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
964Rule Vincennes	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
965Rule Vincennes	1953	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
966Rule Vincennes	1953	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
967Rule Vincennes	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
968Rule Vincennes	1956	1963	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
969Rule Vincennes	1960	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
970Rule Vincennes	1961	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
971Rule Vincennes	1962	1963	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
972# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
973Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
974			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
975			-6:00 Vincennes	C%sT	1964 Apr 26  2:00
976			-5:00	-	EST	1969
977			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
978			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
979			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Nov  4  2:00
980			-5:00	US	E%sT
981#
982# Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
983# From Alois Treindl (2019-07-09):
984# The Indianapolis News, Friday 27 October 1967 states that Perry County
985# returned to CST.  It went again to EST on 27 April 1969, as documented by the
986# Indianapolis star of Saturday 26 April.
987# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
988Rule Perry	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
989Rule Perry	1955	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
990Rule Perry	1956	1963	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
991Rule Perry	1961	1963	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
992# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
993Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
994			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
995			-6:00 Perry	C%sT	1964 Apr 26  2:00
996			-5:00	-	EST	1967 Oct 29  2:00
997			-6:00	US	C%sT	1969 Apr 27  2:00
998			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
999			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
1000			-6:00	US	C%sT
1001#
1002# Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
1003# then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
1004# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1005Rule	Pike	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1006Rule	Pike	1955	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1007Rule	Pike	1956	1964	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1008Rule	Pike	1961	1964	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1009# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1010Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
1011			-6:00	US	C%sT	1955
1012			-6:00	Pike	C%sT	1965 Apr 25  2:00
1013			-5:00	-	EST	1966 Oct 30  2:00
1014			-6:00	US	C%sT	1977 Oct 30  2:00
1015			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
1016			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Nov  4  2:00
1017			-5:00	US	E%sT
1018#
1019# Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
1020# then switched back in 2006.
1021# From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
1022# An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
1023# notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
1024# 1991-10-27.
1025# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1026Rule	Starke	1947	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1027Rule	Starke	1947	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1028Rule	Starke	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1029Rule	Starke	1957	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1030Rule	Starke	1959	1961	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1031# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1032Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
1033			-6:00	US	C%sT	1947
1034			-6:00	Starke	C%sT	1962 Apr 29  2:00
1035			-5:00	-	EST	1963 Oct 27  2:00
1036			-6:00	US	C%sT	1991 Oct 27  2:00
1037			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
1038			-6:00	US	C%sT
1039#
1040# Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
1041# April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
1042# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1043Rule	Pulaski	1946	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1044Rule	Pulaski	1946	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1045Rule	Pulaski	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1046Rule	Pulaski	1957	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1047# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1048Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
1049			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1050			-6:00	Pulaski	C%sT	1961 Apr 30  2:00
1051			-5:00	-	EST	1969
1052			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
1053			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
1054			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Mar 11  2:00
1055			-5:00	US	E%sT
1056#
1057# Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
1058# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1059Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
1060			-6:00	US	C%sT	1954 Apr 25  2:00
1061			-5:00	-	EST	1969
1062			-5:00	US	E%sT	1973
1063			-5:00	-	EST	2006
1064			-5:00	US	E%sT
1065
1066# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-20):
1067# The Louisville & Nashville Railroad's 1883-11-18 change occurred at
1068# 10:00 old local time; train were supposed to come to a standstill
1069# for precisely 18 minutes.  See Bartky Fig. 1 (page 50).  It is not
1070# clear how this matched civil time in Louisville, so for now continue
1071# to assume Louisville switched at noon new local time, like New York.
1072#
1073# From Michael Deckers (2019-08-06):
1074# From the contemporary source given by Alois Treindl,
1075# the switch in Louisville on 1946-04-28 was on 00:01
1076# From Paul Eggert (2019-08-26):
1077# That source was the Louisville Courier-Journal, 1946-04-27, p 4.
1078# Shanks gives 02:00 for all 20th-century transition times in Louisville.
1079# Evidently this is wrong for spring 1946.  Although also likely wrong
1080# for other dates, we have no data.
1081#
1082# Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
1083# This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
1084# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1085Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	May	1	2:00	1:00	D
1086Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	Sep	1	2:00	0	S
1087Rule Louisville	1941	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1088Rule Louisville	1941	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1089Rule Louisville	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	0:01	1:00	D
1090Rule Louisville	1946	only	-	Jun	2	2:00	0	S
1091Rule Louisville	1950	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1092Rule Louisville	1950	1955	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1093Rule Louisville	1956	1961	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1094# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1095Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
1096			-6:00	US	C%sT	1921
1097			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1942
1098			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1099			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1961 Jul 23  2:00
1100			-5:00	-	EST	1968
1101			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6  2:00
1102			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27  2:00
1103			-5:00	US	E%sT
1104#
1105# Wayne County, Kentucky
1106#
1107# From Lake Cumberland LIFE
1108# http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml
1109# (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
1110# Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
1111# the Central to the Eastern time zone....  The Wayne County government made
1112# the same request in December.  And while Russell County officials have not
1113# taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
1114# August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
1115# The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
1116# location in the Central time zone.
1117#
1118# From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
1119# After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
1120# Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
1121# (-0500) time.  They won't "fall back" this year.  See Sara Shipley,
1122# The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
1123#
1124# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
1125# The final rule was published in the
1126# Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
1127# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2000-08-17/html/00-20854.htm
1128#
1129Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
1130			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1131			-6:00	-	CST	1968
1132			-6:00	US	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
1133			-5:00	US	E%sT
1134
1135
1136# From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
1137# Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
1138# Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
1139#	previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
1140# Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
1141# Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
1142# West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
1143# Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
1144#
1145# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
1146# We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
1147# so omit that change for now.
1148# See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
1149# See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
1150# West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
1151# 1999-10-31.  See the
1152# Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
1153# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1999-10-21/html/99-27240.htm
1154# However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
1155# on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
1156# hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
1157
1158# Michigan
1159#
1160# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1161# Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
1162#
1163# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
1164# Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
1165# but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
1166# that Detroit kept
1167#
1168#	local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
1169#	be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time.  Half the
1170#	city obeyed, half refused.  After considerable debate, the decision
1171#	was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time.  A derisive offer to
1172#	erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
1173#	Committee on Sewers.  Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
1174#	by city vote.
1175#
1176# This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
1177#
1178# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
1179# Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
1180# one hour in 1914."  This change is not in Shanks.  We have no more
1181# info, so omit this for now.
1182#
1183# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-06):
1184# Due to a complicated set of legal maneuvers, in 1967 Michigan did
1185# not start daylight saving time when the rest of the US did.
1186# Instead, it began DST on Jun 14 at 00:01.  This was big news:
1187# the Detroit Free Press reported it at the top of Page 1 on
1188# 1967-06-14, in an article "State Adjusting to Switch to Fast Time"
1189# by Gary Blonston, above an article about Thurgood Marshall's
1190# confirmation to the US Supreme Court.  Although Shanks says Detroit
1191# observed DST until 1967-10-29 00:01, that time of day seems to be
1192# incorrect, as the Free Press later said DST ended in Michigan at the
1193# same time as the rest of the US.  Also, although Shanks reports no DST in
1194# Detroit in 1968, it did observe DST that year; in the November 1968
1195# election Michigan voters narrowly repealed DST, effective 1969.
1196#
1197# Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
1198# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1199Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1200Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1201# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1202Zone America/Detroit	-5:32:11 -	LMT	1905
1203			-6:00	-	CST	1915 May 15  2:00
1204			-5:00	-	EST	1942
1205			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
1206			-5:00	Detroit	E%sT	1967 Jun 14  0:01
1207			-5:00	US	E%sT	1969
1208			-5:00	-	EST	1973
1209			-5:00	US	E%sT	1975
1210			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Apr 27  2:00
1211			-5:00	US	E%sT
1212#
1213# Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
1214# switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
1215# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1216Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1217Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1218Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1219Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1220# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1221Zone America/Menominee	-5:50:27 -	LMT	1885 Sep 18 12:00
1222			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1223			-6:00 Menominee	C%sT	1969 Apr 27  2:00
1224			-5:00	-	EST	1973 Apr 29  2:00
1225			-6:00	US	C%sT
1226
1227# Navassa
1228# administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
1229# claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
1230# also claimed by Haiti
1231# occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
1232# US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
1233# currently uninhabited
1234# see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
1235# _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
1236# Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
1237
1238################################################################################
1239
1240
1241# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
1242#
1243# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
1244# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
1245# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
1246# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
1247#
1248# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
1249# for time zone data was the International Air Transport
1250# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1251# published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
1252# of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,
1253# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
1254#
1255# Other sources occasionally used include:
1256#
1257#	Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1258#	<https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1259#
1260#	Pearce C. The Great Daylight Saving Time Controversy.
1261#	Australian Ebook Publisher. 2017. ISBN 978-1-925516-96-8.
1262#
1263#	Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1264#	Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1265#	which I found in the UCLA library.
1266#
1267#	William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1268#	<http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1269#	[PDF] (1914-03)
1270#
1271# See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1272
1273# Canada
1274
1275# From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1276# I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1277# for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1278#
1279#	UTC	Standard time	Daylight saving time
1280#	offset	French	English	French	English
1281#	-2:30	-	-	HAT	NDT
1282#	-3	-	-	HAA	ADT
1283#	-3:30	HNT	NST	-	-
1284#	-4	HNA	AST	HAE	EDT
1285#	-5	HNE	EST	HAC	CDT
1286#	-6	HNC	CST	HAR	MDT
1287#	-7	HNR	MST	HAP	PDT
1288#	-8	HNP	PST	HAY	YDT
1289#	-9	HNY	YST	-	-
1290#
1291#	HN: Heure Normale	ST: Standard Time
1292#	HA: Heure Avancée	DT: Daylight saving Time
1293#
1294#	A: de l'Atlantique	Atlantic
1295#	C: du Centre		Central
1296#	E: de l'Est		Eastern
1297#	M:			Mountain
1298#	N:			Newfoundland
1299#	P: du Pacifique		Pacific
1300#	R: des Rocheuses
1301#	T: de Terre-Neuve
1302#	Y: du Yukon		Yukon
1303#
1304# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1305# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1306
1307# Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks
1308# & Pottenger.
1309
1310# From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1311# 2007-03-01):
1312# The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1313# adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1314# U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1315# https://archive.news.gov.bc.ca/releases/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1316# ...
1317# Nova Scotia
1318# Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1319# https://www.novascotia.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1320#
1321# [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1322# be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1323# https://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1324# ...
1325# Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1326# As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1327# https://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1328# ...
1329# [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1330# http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1331# http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1332# http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1333# ...
1334# P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1335# http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1336# ...
1337# Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1338# http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1339# ...
1340# Yukon
1341# https://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1342# ...
1343# N.W.T. will follow US rules.  Whoever maintains the government web site
1344# does not seem to believe in bookmarks.  To see the news release, click the
1345# following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change".  Press the
1346# "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1347# JavaScript.
1348# http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1349# ...
1350# Nunavut
1351# An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1352# http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1353
1354# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
1355# H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1356# "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1357# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
1358# contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1359# time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1360#
1361# National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
1362# https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
1363# https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
1364# Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1365
1366# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1367# For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1368# new US DST rules,
1369
1370# From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1371# In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1372# http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1373# she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1374# The quote includes these two statements:
1375# 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1376# '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1377# These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1378# that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918.  This transition was
1379# also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1380
1381# In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1382# Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1383# than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1384
1385# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1386Rule	Canada	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1387Rule	Canada	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1388Rule	Canada	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1389Rule	Canada	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1390Rule	Canada	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
1391Rule	Canada	1974	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1392Rule	Canada	1974	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1393Rule	Canada	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
1394Rule	Canada	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1395Rule	Canada	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
1396
1397
1398# Newfoundland and Labrador
1399
1400# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-14):
1401# Legally Labrador should observe Newfoundland time; see:
1402# McLeod J. Labrador time - legal or not? St. John's Telegram, 2017-10-07
1403# http://www.thetelegram.com/news/local/labrador-time--legal-or-not-154860/
1404# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that the only part of Labrador
1405# that follows the rules is the southeast corner, including Port Hope
1406# Simpson and Mary's Harbour, but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1407
1408# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1409Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Apr	 8	2:00	1:00	D
1410Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Sep	17	2:00	0	S
1411# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1412Rule	StJohns	1919	only	-	May	 5	23:00	1:00	D
1413Rule	StJohns	1919	only	-	Aug	12	23:00	0	S
1414# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1415Rule	StJohns	1920	1935	-	May	Sun>=1	23:00	1:00	D
1416Rule	StJohns	1920	1935	-	Oct	lastSun	23:00	0	S
1417# For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1418# Pottenger.
1419Rule	StJohns	1936	1941	-	May	Mon>=9	0:00	1:00	D
1420Rule	StJohns	1936	1941	-	Oct	Mon>=2	0:00	0	S
1421# Whitman gives the following transitions:
1422# 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1423# but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1424# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1425# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1426Rule	StJohns	1946	1950	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1427Rule	StJohns	1946	1950	-	Oct	Sun>=2	2:00	0	S
1428Rule	StJohns	1951	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1429Rule	StJohns	1951	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1430Rule	StJohns	1960	1986	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1431# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1432# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1433# at 00:01 local time.  For now, assume it started in 1987.
1434
1435# From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1436# We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1437# changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1438# The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1439# Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1440# now occurs at 2:00AM.
1441# ...
1442# http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1443# ...
1444# MICHAEL PELLEY  |  Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1445# Office of the Chief Information Officer
1446# Executive Council
1447# Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1448
1449Rule	StJohns	1987	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1450Rule	StJohns	1987	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:01	0	S
1451Rule	StJohns	1988	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	2:00	DD
1452Rule	StJohns	1989	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1453Rule	StJohns	2007	2011	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:01	1:00	D
1454Rule	StJohns	2007	2010	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:01	0	S
1455#
1456# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1457# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1458Zone America/St_Johns	-3:30:52 -	LMT	1884
1459			-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT	1918
1460			-3:30:52 Canada	N%sT	1919
1461			-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT	1935 Mar 30
1462			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1942 May 11
1463			-3:30	Canada	N%sT	1946
1464			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	2011 Nov
1465			-3:30	Canada	N%sT
1466
1467# most of east Labrador
1468
1469# The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1470# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1471Zone America/Goose_Bay	-4:01:40 -	LMT	1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1472			-3:30:52 -	NST	1918
1473			-3:30:52 Canada N%sT	1919
1474			-3:30:52 -	NST	1935 Mar 30
1475			-3:30	-	NST	1936
1476			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1942 May 11
1477			-3:30	Canada	N%sT	1946
1478			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1966 Mar 15  2:00
1479			-4:00	StJohns	A%sT	2011 Nov
1480			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1481
1482
1483# west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I,
1484# Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Listuguj reserve
1485
1486# From Brian Inglis (2015-07-20):
1487# From the historical weather station records available at:
1488# https://weatherspark.com/history/28351/1971/Sydney-Nova-Scotia-Canada
1489# Sydney shares the same time history as Glace Bay, so was
1490# likely to be the same across the island....
1491# Sydney, as the capital and most populous location, or Cape Breton, would
1492# have been better names for the zone had we known this in 1996.
1493
1494# From Paul Eggert (2015-07-20):
1495# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1496# Halifax.  Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1497# the Cape Breton area, represented by Glace Bay, is the largest we know of
1498# (Glace Bay was perhaps not the best name choice but no point changing now).
1499# Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1500# in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1501# this is a typo.
1502
1503# From Jeffery Nichols (2020-01-09):
1504# America/Halifax ... also applies to Îles-de-la-Madeleine and the Listuguj
1505# reserve in Quebec. Officially, this came into effect on January 1, 2007
1506# (Legal Time Act, CQLR c T-5.1), but the legislative debates surrounding that
1507# bill say that it is "accommodating the customs and practices" of those
1508# regions, which suggests that they have always been in-line with Halifax.
1509
1510# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1511Rule	Halifax	1916	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1512Rule	Halifax	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S
1513Rule	Halifax	1920	only	-	May	 9	0:00	1:00	D
1514Rule	Halifax	1920	only	-	Aug	29	0:00	0	S
1515Rule	Halifax	1921	only	-	May	 6	0:00	1:00	D
1516Rule	Halifax	1921	1922	-	Sep	 5	0:00	0	S
1517Rule	Halifax	1922	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
1518Rule	Halifax	1923	1925	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1519Rule	Halifax	1923	only	-	Sep	 4	0:00	0	S
1520Rule	Halifax	1924	only	-	Sep	15	0:00	0	S
1521Rule	Halifax	1925	only	-	Sep	28	0:00	0	S
1522Rule	Halifax	1926	only	-	May	16	0:00	1:00	D
1523Rule	Halifax	1926	only	-	Sep	13	0:00	0	S
1524Rule	Halifax	1927	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1525Rule	Halifax	1927	only	-	Sep	26	0:00	0	S
1526Rule	Halifax	1928	1931	-	May	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	D
1527Rule	Halifax	1928	only	-	Sep	 9	0:00	0	S
1528Rule	Halifax	1929	only	-	Sep	 3	0:00	0	S
1529Rule	Halifax	1930	only	-	Sep	15	0:00	0	S
1530Rule	Halifax	1931	1932	-	Sep	Mon>=24	0:00	0	S
1531Rule	Halifax	1932	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1532Rule	Halifax	1933	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
1533Rule	Halifax	1933	only	-	Oct	 2	0:00	0	S
1534Rule	Halifax	1934	only	-	May	20	0:00	1:00	D
1535Rule	Halifax	1934	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	0	S
1536Rule	Halifax	1935	only	-	Jun	 2	0:00	1:00	D
1537Rule	Halifax	1935	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	S
1538Rule	Halifax	1936	only	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1539Rule	Halifax	1936	only	-	Sep	14	0:00	0	S
1540Rule	Halifax	1937	1938	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1541Rule	Halifax	1937	1941	-	Sep	Mon>=24	0:00	0	S
1542Rule	Halifax	1939	only	-	May	28	0:00	1:00	D
1543Rule	Halifax	1940	1941	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1544Rule	Halifax	1946	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1545Rule	Halifax	1946	1949	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1546Rule	Halifax	1951	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1547Rule	Halifax	1951	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1548Rule	Halifax	1956	1959	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1549Rule	Halifax	1956	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1550Rule	Halifax	1962	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1551Rule	Halifax	1962	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1552# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1553Zone America/Halifax	-4:14:24 -	LMT	1902 Jun 15
1554			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1918
1555			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1919
1556			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1557			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1946
1558			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1974
1559			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1560Zone America/Glace_Bay	-3:59:48 -	LMT	1902 Jun 15
1561			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1953
1562			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1954
1563			-4:00	-	AST	1972
1564			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1974
1565			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1566
1567# New Brunswick
1568
1569# From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1570# The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1571# says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1572# <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1573# clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1574# For now, assume it started in 1993.
1575
1576# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1577Rule	Moncton	1933	1935	-	Jun	Sun>=8	1:00	1:00	D
1578Rule	Moncton	1933	1935	-	Sep	Sun>=8	1:00	0	S
1579Rule	Moncton	1936	1938	-	Jun	Sun>=1	1:00	1:00	D
1580Rule	Moncton	1936	1938	-	Sep	Sun>=1	1:00	0	S
1581Rule	Moncton	1939	only	-	May	27	1:00	1:00	D
1582Rule	Moncton	1939	1941	-	Sep	Sat>=21	1:00	0	S
1583Rule	Moncton	1940	only	-	May	19	1:00	1:00	D
1584Rule	Moncton	1941	only	-	May	 4	1:00	1:00	D
1585Rule	Moncton	1946	1972	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1586Rule	Moncton	1946	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1587Rule	Moncton	1957	1972	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1588Rule	Moncton	1993	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1589Rule	Moncton	1993	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:01	0	S
1590# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1591Zone America/Moncton	-4:19:08 -	LMT	1883 Dec  9
1592			-5:00	-	EST	1902 Jun 15
1593			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1933
1594			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	1942
1595			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1946
1596			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	1973
1597			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1993
1598			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	2007
1599			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1600
1601# Quebec
1602
1603# From Paul Eggert (2020-01-10):
1604# See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
1605# See America/Halifax for the Îles de la Madeleine and the Listuguj reserve.
1606# See America/Puerto_Rico for east of Natashquan.
1607
1608# Ontario
1609
1610# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1611# [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1612# effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1613# Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1614# have already done so.  In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1615# 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1616# hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1617# only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1618# presumably that should be -07-06.  (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1619# earlier in June).
1620#
1621# Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1622#
1623# From Paul Eggert (2017-07-08):
1624# For more on Orillia, see: Daubs K. Bold attempt at daylight saving
1625# time became a comic failure in Orillia. Toronto Star 2017-07-08.
1626# https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2017/07/08/bold-attempt-at-daylight-saving-time-became-a-comic-failure-in-orillia.html
1627
1628# From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1629#
1630# In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1631# right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1632# time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1633#
1634#     The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1635#     except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1636#
1637# ... I don't know if Windsor began observing DST when Detroit did,
1638# or in 1974, or on some other date.
1639#
1640# By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1641#
1642#     Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1643#     three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1644
1645# From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1646#
1647# "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1648# The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1649# volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1650# was available at
1651# http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1652#
1653# It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1654#
1655#   A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1656# require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1657# the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1658# and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1659# ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1660# for the other provinces only approximate:
1661#
1662#	Province	Daylight saving time used
1663# Prince Edward Island	Not used.
1664# Nova Scotia		In Halifax only.
1665# New Brunswick		In St. John only.
1666# Quebec		In the following places:
1667#			Montreal	Lachine
1668#			Quebec		Mont-Royal
1669#			Lévis		Iberville
1670#			St. Lambert	Cap de la Madelèine
1671#			Verdun		Loretteville
1672#			Westmount	Richmond
1673#			Outremont	St. Jérôme
1674#			Longueuil	Greenfield Park
1675#			Arvida		Waterloo
1676#			Chambly-Canton	Beaulieu
1677#			Melbourne	La Tuque
1678#			St. Théophile	Buckingham
1679# Ontario		Used generally in the cities and towns along
1680#			the southerly part of the province. Not
1681#			used in the northwesterly part.
1682# Manitoba		Not used.
1683# Saskatchewan		In Regina only.
1684# Alberta		Not used.
1685# British Columbia	Not used.
1686#
1687#   With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1688# to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1689
1690# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1691Rule	Toronto	1919	only	-	Mar	30	23:30	1:00	D
1692Rule	Toronto	1919	only	-	Oct	26	0:00	0	S
1693Rule	Toronto	1920	only	-	May	 2	2:00	1:00	D
1694Rule	Toronto	1920	only	-	Sep	26	0:00	0	S
1695Rule	Toronto	1921	only	-	May	15	2:00	1:00	D
1696Rule	Toronto	1921	only	-	Sep	15	2:00	0	S
1697Rule	Toronto	1922	1923	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1698# Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1699# was meant.
1700Rule	Toronto	1922	1926	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	0	S
1701Rule	Toronto	1924	1927	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
1702Rule	Toronto	1927	1937	-	Sep	Sun>=25	2:00	0	S
1703Rule	Toronto	1928	1937	-	Apr	Sun>=25	2:00	1:00	D
1704Rule	Toronto	1938	1940	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1705Rule	Toronto	1938	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1706Rule	Toronto	1945	1946	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1707Rule	Toronto	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1708Rule	Toronto	1947	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
1709Rule	Toronto	1947	1948	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
1710Rule	Toronto	1949	only	-	Nov	lastSun	0:00	0	S
1711Rule	Toronto	1950	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1712Rule	Toronto	1950	only	-	Nov	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1713Rule	Toronto	1951	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1714# Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1715# namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1716# is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1717# Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1718Rule	Toronto	1957	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1719
1720# The Bahamas match Toronto since 1970.
1721
1722# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1723Zone America/Toronto	-5:17:32 -	LMT	1895
1724			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1919
1725			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1726			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1946
1727			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1974
1728			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
1729# For Atikokan see America/Panama.
1730
1731
1732# Manitoba
1733
1734# From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1735# the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1736# March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1737# "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1738# the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1739# Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1740# following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1741# I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1742# been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1743# Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1744# the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1745# the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1746# Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1747
1748# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1749# Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1750# starting 1966.  Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1751# it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1752
1753# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1754Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Apr	23	0:00	1:00	D
1755Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Sep	17	0:00	0	S
1756Rule	Winn	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1757Rule	Winn	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1758Rule	Winn	1937	only	-	May	16	2:00	1:00	D
1759Rule	Winn	1937	only	-	Sep	26	2:00	0	S
1760Rule	Winn	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1761Rule	Winn	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1762Rule	Winn	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1763Rule	Winn	1946	only	-	May	12	2:00	1:00	D
1764Rule	Winn	1946	only	-	Oct	13	2:00	0	S
1765Rule	Winn	1947	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1766Rule	Winn	1947	1949	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1767Rule	Winn	1950	only	-	May	 1	2:00	1:00	D
1768Rule	Winn	1950	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
1769Rule	Winn	1951	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1770Rule	Winn	1951	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1771Rule	Winn	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1772Rule	Winn	1960	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1773Rule	Winn	1963	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1774Rule	Winn	1963	only	-	Sep	22	2:00	0	S
1775Rule	Winn	1966	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D
1776Rule	Winn	1966	2005	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	0	S
1777Rule	Winn	1987	2005	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	1:00	D
1778# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1779Zone America/Winnipeg	-6:28:36 -	LMT	1887 Jul 16
1780			-6:00	Winn	C%sT	2006
1781			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
1782
1783
1784# Saskatchewan
1785
1786# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1787# The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1788# level.  As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1789# elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1790# the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1791# DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1792# presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1793# the summer".  The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1794# time was noted.
1795
1796# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1797# Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1798# City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1799
1800# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25):
1801# Pearce's book says Regina observed DST in 1914-1917.  No dates and times,
1802# unfortunately.  It also says that in 1914 Saskatoon observed DST
1803# from 1 June to 6 July, and that DST was also tried out in Davidson,
1804# Melfort, and Prince Albert.
1805
1806# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1807# Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1808# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1809# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1810# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1811# are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1812
1813# From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1814# The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1815# provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1816# A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1817# since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1818#
1819# Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1820# the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1821# their affiliations in one direction or the other.  In 1965 a provincial
1822# referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1823#
1824# On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1825# Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1826# part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1827# northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1828# follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1829# zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1830# by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1831#
1832# It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1833# on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1834# serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1835# a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1836# rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1837# since sometime in the 1960s.
1838
1839# From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1840# The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1841# long and rather painful to read.
1842# http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1843
1844# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1845Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1846Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1847Rule	Regina	1930	1934	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1848Rule	Regina	1930	1934	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
1849Rule	Regina	1937	1941	-	Apr	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	D
1850Rule	Regina	1937	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
1851Rule	Regina	1938	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
1852Rule	Regina	1939	1941	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
1853Rule	Regina	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1854Rule	Regina	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1855Rule	Regina	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1856Rule	Regina	1946	only	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1857Rule	Regina	1946	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	2:00	0	S
1858Rule	Regina	1947	1957	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1859Rule	Regina	1947	1957	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1860Rule	Regina	1959	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1861Rule	Regina	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1862#
1863Rule	Swift	1957	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1864Rule	Swift	1957	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1865Rule	Swift	1959	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1866Rule	Swift	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1867Rule	Swift	1960	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1868# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1869Zone America/Regina	-6:58:36 -	LMT	1905 Sep
1870			-7:00	Regina	M%sT	1960 Apr lastSun  2:00
1871			-6:00	-	CST
1872Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 -	LMT	1905 Sep
1873			-7:00	Canada	M%sT	1946 Apr lastSun  2:00
1874			-7:00	Regina	M%sT	1950
1875			-7:00	Swift	M%sT	1972 Apr lastSun  2:00
1876			-6:00	-	CST
1877
1878
1879# Alberta
1880
1881# From Alois Treindl (2019-07-19):
1882# There was no DST in Alberta in 1967... Calgary Herald, 29 April 1967.
1883# 1969, no DST, from Edmonton Journal 18 April 1969
1884#
1885# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25):
1886# Pearce's book says that Alberta's 1948 Daylight Saving Act required
1887# Mountain Standard Time without DST, and that "anyone who broke that law
1888# could be fined up to $25 and costs".  There seems to be no record of
1889# anybody paying the fine.  The law was not changed until an August 1971
1890# plebiscite reinstituted DST in 1972.  This story is also mentioned in:
1891# Boyer JP. Forcing Choice: The Risky Reward of Referendums. Dundum. 2017.
1892# ISBN 978-1459739123.
1893
1894# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1895Rule	Edm	1918	1919	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1896Rule	Edm	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1897Rule	Edm	1919	only	-	May	27	2:00	0	S
1898Rule	Edm	1920	1923	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1899Rule	Edm	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1900Rule	Edm	1921	1923	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1901Rule	Edm	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1902Rule	Edm	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1903Rule	Edm	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1904Rule	Edm	1947	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1905Rule	Edm	1947	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1906Rule	Edm	1972	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1907Rule	Edm	1972	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1908# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1909Zone America/Edmonton	-7:33:52 -	LMT	1906 Sep
1910			-7:00	Edm	M%sT	1987
1911			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
1912
1913
1914# British Columbia
1915
1916# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1917# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1918# been like Vancouver.
1919# Dawson Creek uses MST.  Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1920
1921# From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):
1922# Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year.  So while previously they
1923# were aligned with America/Vancouver, they're now aligned with
1924# America/Dawson_Creek.
1925# http://www.northernrockies.ca/EN/meta/news/archives/2015/northern-rockies-time-change.html
1926#
1927# From Tim Parenti (2015-09-23):
1928# This requires a new zone for the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality,
1929# America/Fort_Nelson.  The resolution of 2014-12-08 was reached following a
1930# 2014-11-15 poll with nearly 75% support.  Effectively, the municipality has
1931# been on MST (-0700) like Dawson Creek since it advanced its clocks on
1932# 2015-03-08.
1933#
1934# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25):
1935# Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.
1936# Alois Treindl confirmed this on 07-22, citing the 1946-04-27 Vancouver Daily
1937# Province.  He also cited the 1946-09-28 Victoria Daily Times, which said
1938# that Vancouver, Victoria, etc. "change at midnight Saturday"; for now,
1939# guess they meant 02:00 Sunday since 02:00 was common practice in Vancouver.
1940#
1941# Early Vancouver, Volume Four, by Major J.S. Matthews, V.D., 2011 edition
1942# says that a 1922 plebiscite adopted DST, but a 1923 plebiscite rejected it.
1943# http://former.vancouver.ca/ctyclerk/archives/digitized/EarlyVan/SearchEarlyVan/Vol4pdf/MatthewsEarlyVancouverVol4_DaylightSavings.pdf
1944# A catalog entry for a newspaper clipping seems to indicate that Vancouver
1945# observed DST in 1941 from 07-07 through 09-27; see
1946# https://searcharchives.vancouver.ca/daylight-saving-1918-starts-again-july-7-1941-start-d-s-sept-27-end-of-d-s-1941
1947# We have no further details, so omit them for now.
1948
1949# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1950Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1951Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1952Rule	Vanc	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1953Rule	Vanc	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1954Rule	Vanc	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
1955Rule	Vanc	1946	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1956Rule	Vanc	1946	only	-	Sep	29	2:00	0	S
1957Rule	Vanc	1947	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1958Rule	Vanc	1962	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1959# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1960Zone America/Vancouver	-8:12:28 -	LMT	1884
1961			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1987
1962			-8:00	Canada	P%sT
1963Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 -	LMT	1884
1964			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	1947
1965			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1972 Aug 30  2:00
1966			-7:00	-	MST
1967Zone America/Fort_Nelson	-8:10:47 -	LMT	1884
1968			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1946
1969			-8:00	-	PST	1947
1970			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1987
1971			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	2015 Mar  8  2:00
1972			-7:00	-	MST
1973# For Creston see America/Phoenix.
1974
1975# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1976
1977# From Chris Walton (2022-11-06):
1978# Whitehorse Star - Thursday April 22, 1965 - page 1
1979# title: DST Starts Monday ...
1980# https://www.newspapers.com/image/578587481/
1981# The title of this first article is wrong and/or misleading.
1982# Also, the start time shown in the  article is vague; it simply says "after
1983# midnight" when it probably should have stated 2:00a.m....
1984#
1985# Whitehorse Star - Monday October 25, 1965 - page 15 ...
1986# https://www.newspapers.com/image/578589147/
1987# The 1965 Yukon Council minutes can be found here:
1988# http://assets.yukonarchives.ca/PER_YG_06_1965_C20_S02_v1.pdf
1989# ... I do not currently believe that NWT touched any of its clocks in 1965....
1990#
1991# Whitehorse Star - Thursday Feb 24,1966 - page 2
1992# title: It's Time for YDT ...
1993# https://www.newspapers.com/image/578575979/ ...
1994# America/Whitehorse as a permanent change from UTC-9(YST) to
1995# UTC-8(PST) at 00:00 on Sunday February 27, 1966....
1996#
1997# Whitehorse Star - Friday April 28,1972 - page 6
1998# title: Daylight Saving Time for N.W.T....
1999# https://www.newspapers.com/image/578701610/ ...
2000# Nunavut and NWT zones ... DST starting in 1972.... Start and End ...
2001# should be the same as the rest of Canada
2002#
2003#
2004# From Paul Eggert (2022-11-06):
2005# For now, assume Yukon's 1965-04-22 spring forward was 00:00 -> 02:00, as this
2006# seems likely than 02:00 -> 04:00 and matches "after midnight".
2007
2008# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2009# Dawson switched to PST in 1973.  Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
2010# Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
2011#	* 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
2012#	c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....
2013#	see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
2014#	[https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-i-21/latest/rsc-1985-c-i-21.html]
2015#	* C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
2016#	* O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
2017#	* O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
2018
2019# From Brian Inglis (2015-04-14):
2020#
2021# I tried to trace the history of Yukon time and found the following
2022# regulations, giving the reference title and URL if found, regulation name,
2023# and relevant quote if available.  Each regulation specifically revokes its
2024# predecessor.  The final reference is to the current Interpretation Act
2025# authorizing and resulting from these regulatory changes.
2026#
2027# Only recent regulations were retrievable via Yukon government site search or
2028# index, and only some via Canadian legal sources.  Other sources used include
2029# articles titled "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" from JRASC via ADS
2030# Abstracts, cited by ADO for 1932 ..., and updated versions from 1958 and
2031# 1970 quoted below; each article includes current extracts from provincial
2032# and territorial ST and DST regulations at the end, summaries and details of
2033# standard times and daylight saving time at many locations across Canada,
2034# with time zone maps, tables and calculations for Canadian Sunrise, Sunset,
2035# and LMST; they also cover many countries and global locations, with a chart
2036# and table showing current Universal Time offsets, and may be useful as
2037# another source of information for 1970 and earlier.
2038#
2039# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; JRASC, Vol. 26,
2040#   pp.49-77; February 1932; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2041#   http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JRASC..26...49S from p.75:
2042#   Yukon Interpretation Ordinance
2043#   Yukon standard time is the local mean time at the one hundred and
2044#   thirty-fifth meridian.
2045#
2046# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; Thomson, Malcolm M.;
2047#   JRASC, Vol. 52, pp.193-223; October 1958; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
2048#   (ADS) http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958JRASC..52..193S from pp.220-1:
2049#   Yukon Interpretation Ordinance, 1955, Chap. 16.
2050#
2051#     (1) Subject to this section, standard time shall be reckoned as nine
2052#     hours behind Greenwich Time and called Yukon Standard Time.
2053#
2054#     (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the Commissioner may make regulations
2055#     varying the manner of reckoning standard time.
2056#
2057# * Yukon Territory Commissioner's Order 1966-20 Interpretation Ordinance
2058#   [no online source found]
2059#
2060# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Thomson, Malcolm M.; JRASC,
2061#   Vol. 64, pp.129-162; June 1970; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2062#   http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JRASC..64..129T from p.156: Yukon
2063#   Territory Commissioner's Order 1967-59 Interpretation Ordinance ...
2064#
2065#     1. Commissioner's Order 1966-20 dated at Whitehorse in the Yukon
2066#     Territory on 27th January, 1966, is hereby revoked.
2067#
2068#     2. Yukon (East) Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the
2069#     Interpretation Ordinance from and after mid-night on the 28th day of May,
2070#     1967 shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that
2071#     is to say, eight hours behind Greenwich Time in the area of the Yukon
2072#     Territory lying east of the 138th degree longitude west.
2073#
2074#     3. In the remainder of the Territory, lying west of the 138th degree
2075#     longitude west, Yukon (West) Standard Time shall be reckoned as nine
2076#     hours behind Greenwich Time.
2077#
2078# * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214
2079#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
2080#   C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2081#
2082#     1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby
2083#     revoked.
2084#
2085#     2. Yukon Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the Interpretation
2086#     Act from and after midnight on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1973
2087#     shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that is
2088#     to say eight hours behind Greenwich Time.
2089#
2090# * O.I.C. 1980/02 INTERPRETATION ACT
2091#   https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/attachments/20201125/d5adc93b/CAYTOIC1980-02DST1980-01-04-0001.pdf
2092#
2093# * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56
2094#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
2095#   O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2096#
2097#   In every year between
2098#     (a) two o'clock in the morning in the first Sunday in April, and
2099#     (b) two o'clock in the morning in the last Sunday in October,
2100#   Standard Time shall be reckoned as seven hours behind Greenwich Time and
2101#   called Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2102#   ...
2103#   Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.
2104#
2105# * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127
2106#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
2107#   O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2108#
2109#     1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours
2110#     behind Greenwich mean time during the period commencing at two o'clock
2111#     in the forenoon on the second Sunday of March and ending at two o'clock
2112#     in the forenoon on the first Sunday of November and shall be called
2113#     Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2114#
2115#     2. Order-in-Council 1987/56 is revoked.
2116#
2117#     3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.
2118#
2119# * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125
2120# https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
2121
2122# From Chris Walton (2022-11-06):
2123# The 5th edition of the Atlas of Canada contains a time zone map that
2124# shows both legislated and observed time zone boundaries.
2125# All communities on Baffin Island are shown to be observing Eastern time.
2126# The date on the map is 1984.
2127# https://ftp.maps.canada.ca/pub/nrcan_rncan/raster/atlas_5_ed/eng/other/referencemaps/mcr4056.pdf
2128
2129# From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
2130# Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
2131# Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
2132# http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html
2133
2134# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2135# Basic Facts: The New Territory
2136# http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html
2137# (1999) reports that ... Coral Harbour does not observe DST.
2138
2139# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
2140# Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
2141# for these potential new Zones.
2142#
2143# The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
2144# handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
2145# zone] skip daylight savings.  Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
2146# Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
2147# Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
2148# Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
2149# required to use daylight savings.
2150
2151# From <http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
2152# Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
2153# The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
2154# Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
2155# one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
2156# At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
2157# Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
2158# the rest of the territory for the winter.  Cambridge Bay remained on
2159# central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
2160# mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
2161# unified time zone in 1999.
2162#
2163# From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
2164# The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
2165
2166# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2167# Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
2168
2169# From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
2170# The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
2171# that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
2172# back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern).  Of the
2173# cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
2174# has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round.  I'm
2175# checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
2176# more.
2177# [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
2178
2179# From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
2180# According to ...
2181# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
2182# (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
2183# for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
2184# round.  Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
2185# I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
2186# predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
2187# The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
2188#
2189# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):
2190# For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
2191# daylight saving only during wartime.  Gwillim Law's email also
2192# mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;
2193# see above for an up-to-date link.
2194
2195# From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2196# ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2197# Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2198# Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2199# daylight saving....
2200# http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2201
2202# From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2203# Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2204# Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2205# the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2206# decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2207#
2208# According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2209# went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2210#
2211# On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2212# 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2213# talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2214# to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2215# explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2216# (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2217# i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2218# had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2219# so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2220#
2221# On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2222# phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2223# of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2224# information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2225# Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2226# Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2227# and worked in Resolute Bay...
2228#
2229# On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2230# Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2231# 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2232# on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2233# had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2234# tell me when the practice had stopped.
2235#
2236# On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2237# somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2238# off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2239# used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2240# businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2241# Aziz:
2242# http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2243#
2244# I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2245# Eastern Standard Time.
2246#
2247# Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2248# 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2249# of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2250# the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2251#
2252# This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2253#
2254# I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2255# responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2256# may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2257# search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2258#
2259# If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2260# never have contacted her.  I now believe that all the information I
2261# obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2262# I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2263
2264# From Tim Parenti (2020-03-05):
2265# The government of Yukon announced [yesterday] the cessation of seasonal time
2266# changes.  "After clocks are pushed ahead one hour on March 8, the territory
2267# will remain on [UTC-07].  ... [The government] found 93 per cent of
2268# respondents wanted to end seasonal time changes and, of that group, 70 per
2269# cent wanted 'permanent Pacific Daylight Saving Time.'"
2270# https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/yukon-end-daylight-saving-time-1.5486358
2271#
2272# Although the government press release prefers PDT, we prefer MST for
2273# consistency with nearby Dawson Creek, Creston, and Fort Nelson.
2274# https://yukon.ca/en/news/yukon-end-seasonal-time-change
2275
2276# From Andrew G. Smith (2020-09-24):
2277# Yukon has completed its regulatory change to be on UTC -7 year-round....
2278# http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2020_125.pdf
2279# What we have done is re-defined Yukon Standard Time, as we are
2280# authorized to do under section 33 of our Interpretation Act:
2281# http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/acts/interpretation_c.pdf
2282#
2283# From Paul Eggert (2020-09-24):
2284# tzdb uses the obsolete YST abbreviation for standard time in Yukon through
2285# about 1970, and uses PST for standard time in Yukon since then.  Consistent
2286# with that, use MST for -07, the new standard time in Yukon effective Nov. 1.
2287
2288# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2289Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
2290Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
2291Rule	NT_YK	1919	only	-	May	25	2:00	1:00	D
2292Rule	NT_YK	1919	only	-	Nov	 1	0:00	0	S
2293Rule	NT_YK	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
2294Rule	NT_YK	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
2295Rule	NT_YK	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
2296Rule	NT_YK	1972	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
2297Rule	NT_YK	1972	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2298Rule	NT_YK	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2299Rule	Yukon	1965	only	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	2:00	DD
2300Rule	Yukon	1965	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2301# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2302# formerly Frobisher Bay
2303Zone America/Iqaluit	0	-	-00	1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2304			-5:00	NT_YK	E%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00
2305			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2306			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
2307# aka Qausuittuq
2308Zone America/Resolute	0	-	-00	1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2309			-6:00	NT_YK	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2310			-5:00	-	EST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2311			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2006 Oct 29  2:00
2312			-5:00	-	EST	2007 Mar 11  3:00
2313			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
2314# aka Kangiqiniq
2315Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0	-	-00	1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2316			-6:00	NT_YK	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2317			-5:00	-	EST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2318			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
2319# aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2320Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0	-	-00	1920 # trading post est.?
2321			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00
2322			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2323			-5:00	-	EST	2000 Nov  5  0:00
2324			-6:00	-	CST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2325			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
2326Zone America/Inuvik	0	-	-00	1953 # Inuvik founded
2327			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1979 Apr lastSun  2:00
2328			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1980
2329			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
2330Zone America/Whitehorse	-9:00:12 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20
2331			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1965
2332			-9:00	Yukon	Y%sT	1966 Feb 27  0:00
2333			-8:00	-	PST	1980
2334			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	2020 Nov  1
2335			-7:00	-	MST
2336Zone America/Dawson	-9:17:40 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20
2337			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1965
2338			-9:00	Yukon	Y%sT	1973 Oct 28  0:00
2339			-8:00	-	PST	1980
2340			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	2020 Nov  1
2341			-7:00	-	MST
2342
2343
2344###############################################################################
2345
2346# Mexico
2347
2348# From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):
2349# The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2350# Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2351# history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2352# http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm
2353#
2354# Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2355# (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2356# S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2357# S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2358# S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2359# S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2360
2361# From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2362# There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2363# tz database.  I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2364# the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2365# the relevant documents.
2366
2367# From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2368# A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2369# outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2370#
2371# ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2372#
2373# I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2374# rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2375#
2376# 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2377#    - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2378#    - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2379#    - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2380#
2381# 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2382#    at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2383#    BajaNorte: GMT+7
2384#    BajaSur:   GMT+6
2385#    General:   GMT+5
2386#
2387# 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2388#    BajaNorte: GMT+8
2389#    BajaSur:   GMT+7
2390#    General:   GMT+6
2391#
2392# The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2393#
2394# -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2395# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2396# For an English translation of the decree, see
2397# "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2398# http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html
2399
2400# From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2401# The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2402# (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2403
2404# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2405# Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2406# zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2407# savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2408# Arizona year round.
2409
2410# From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2411# <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2412# In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2413# Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2414# year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2415# whole year.
2416
2417# From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2418# <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2419# (translated):...
2420# January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2421# that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2422# this year....
2423# http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001
2424# [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2425# in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2426
2427# From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2428# The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2429# story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2430# http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2431# ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2432# Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2433# the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2434# observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2435
2436# Official statute published by the Energy Department
2437# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre
2438# (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2439# and Sonora with no DST.  This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2440
2441# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2442#
2443# https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2001-mar-03-mn-32561-story.html
2444# James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2445# * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2446# * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2447#   the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2448# * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2449# * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2450#   the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2451#
2452# For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2453
2454# From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2455# I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2456# saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2457# that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2458# saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2459# (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2460# saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2461# Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2462# September 30, 2001.
2463# References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2464# Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2465
2466# From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2467# Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2468# unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2469# capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2470# next year....  The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2471# a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2472# standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2473# subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2474
2475# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2476# ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2477# that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2478# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2479# confirms this.  Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2480
2481# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2482#
2483# Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2484# > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2485# > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2486# > the United States.
2487# Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2488# 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2489# http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2490# http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2491# (Spanish)
2492#
2493# Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2494# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2495# (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2496#
2497# There is also a list of the votes here:
2498# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2499#
2500# Our page:
2501# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2502
2503# From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2504# The page
2505# http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2506# includes this text:
2507# En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2508# Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2509# Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2510# Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2511# desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2512# horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2513# En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2514# fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2515# internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2516# kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2517# interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2518# efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2519# las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2520
2521# From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:
2522# The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.
2523#
2524# http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo
2525# "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios
2526# of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an
2527# end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change
2528# was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time
2529# zone along with the rest of the country."
2530#
2531# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:
2532# http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html
2533# "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday
2534# of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current
2535# time..."
2536# Also, the new zone will not use DST.
2537#
2538# From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2015-02-02):
2539# The decree that modifies the Mexican Hour System Law has finally
2540# been published at the Diario Oficial de la Federación
2541# http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5380123&fecha=31/01/2015
2542# It establishes 5 zones for Mexico:
2543# 1- Zona Centro (Central Zone): Corresponds to longitude 90 W,
2544#    includes most of Mexico, excluding what's mentioned below.
2545# 2- Zona Pacífico (Pacific Zone): Longitude 105 W, includes the
2546#    states of Baja California Sur; Chihuahua; Nayarit (excluding Bahía
2547#    de Banderas which lies in Central Zone); Sinaloa and Sonora.
2548# 3- Zona Noroeste (Northwest Zone): Longitude 120 W, includes the
2549#    state of Baja California.
2550# 4- Zona Sureste (Southeast Zone): Longitude 75 W, includes the state
2551#    of Quintana Roo.
2552# 5- The islands, reefs and keys shall take their timezone from the
2553#    longitude they are located at.
2554
2555# From Paul Eggert (2022-10-28):
2556# The new Mexican law was published today:
2557# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5670045&fecha=28/10/2022
2558# This abolishes DST except where US DST rules are observed,
2559# and in addition changes all of Chihuahua to -06 with no DST.
2560
2561# From Heitor David Pinto (2022-11-28):
2562# Now the northern [municipios] want to have the same time zone as the
2563# respective neighboring cities in the US, for example Juárez in UTC-7 with
2564# DST, matching El Paso, and Ojinaga in UTC-6 with DST, matching Presidio....
2565# the president authorized the publication of the decree for November 29,
2566# so the time change would occur on November 30 at 0:00.
2567# http://puentelibre.mx/noticia/ciudad_juarez_cambio_horario_noviembre_2022/
2568
2569# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2570Rule	Mexico	1931	only	-	May	1	23:00	1:00	D
2571Rule	Mexico	1931	only	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	S
2572Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Feb	5	0:00	1:00	D
2573Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Jun	25	0:00	0	S
2574Rule	Mexico	1940	only	-	Dec	9	0:00	1:00	D
2575Rule	Mexico	1941	only	-	Apr	1	0:00	0	S
2576Rule	Mexico	1943	only	-	Dec	16	0:00	1:00	W # War
2577Rule	Mexico	1944	only	-	May	1	0:00	0	S
2578Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	1:00	D
2579Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Jul	30	0:00	0	S
2580Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2581Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2582Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2583Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2584Rule	Mexico	2002	2022	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2585Rule	Mexico	2002	2022	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2586# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2587# Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2588Zone America/Cancun	-5:47:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  6:00u
2589			-6:00	-	CST	1981 Dec 23
2590			-5:00	Mexico	E%sT	1998 Aug  2  2:00
2591			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2015 Feb  1  2:00
2592			-5:00	-	EST
2593# Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2594Zone America/Merida	-5:58:28 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  6:00u
2595			-6:00	-	CST	1981 Dec 23
2596			-5:00	-	EST	1982 Dec  2
2597			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2598# Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2599# This includes the following municipios:
2600#   in Coahuila: Acuña, Allende, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jiménez, Morelos, Nava,
2601#     Ocampo, Piedras Negras, Villa Unión, Zaragoza
2602#   in Nuevo León: Anáhuac
2603#   in Tamaulipas: Nuevo Laredo, Guerrero, Mier, Miguel Alemán, Camargo,
2604#     Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Valle Hermoso, Matamoros.
2605# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5670045&fecha=28/10/2022
2606Zone America/Matamoros	-6:30:00 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  6:00u
2607			-6:00	-	CST	1988
2608			-6:00	US	C%sT	1989
2609			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2010
2610			-6:00	US	C%sT
2611# Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2612Zone America/Monterrey	-6:41:16 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  6:00u
2613			-6:00	-	CST	1988
2614			-6:00	US	C%sT	1989
2615			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2616# Central Mexico
2617Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2618			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2619			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2620			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2621			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2001 Sep 30  2:00
2622			-6:00	-	CST	2002 Feb 20
2623			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2624# Chihuahua (near US border - western side)
2625# This includes the municipios of Janos, Ascensión, Juárez, Guadalupe, and
2626# Práxedis G Guerrero.
2627# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/PDF/65/2a022/nov/20221124-VII.pdf
2628Zone America/Ciudad_Juarez -7:05:56 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2629			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2630			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2631			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2632			-6:00	-	CST	1996
2633			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998
2634			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00
2635			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2010
2636			-7:00	US	M%sT	2022 Oct 30  2:00
2637			-6:00	-	CST	2022 Nov 30  0:00
2638			-7:00	US	M%sT
2639# Chihuahua (near US border - eastern side)
2640# This includes the municipios of Coyame del Sotol, Ojinaga, and Manuel
2641# Benavides.
2642# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/PDF/65/2a022/nov/20221124-VII.pdf
2643Zone America/Ojinaga	-6:57:40 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2644			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2645			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2646			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2647			-6:00	-	CST	1996
2648			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998
2649			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00
2650			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2010
2651			-7:00	US	M%sT	2022 Oct 30  2:00
2652			-6:00	-	CST	2022 Nov 30  0:00
2653			-6:00	US	C%sT
2654# Chihuahua (away from US border)
2655Zone America/Chihuahua	-7:04:20 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2656			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2657			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2658			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2659			-6:00	-	CST	1996
2660			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998
2661			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00
2662			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2022 Oct 30  2:00
2663			-6:00	-	CST
2664# Sonora
2665Zone America/Hermosillo	-7:23:52 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2666			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2667			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2668			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2669			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2670			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
2671			-8:00	-	PST	1970
2672			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1999
2673			-7:00	-	MST
2674
2675# Baja California Sur, Nayarit (except Bahía de Banderas), Sinaloa
2676Zone America/Mazatlan	-7:05:40 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2677			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2678			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2679			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2680			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2681			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
2682			-8:00	-	PST	1970
2683			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT
2684
2685# Bahía de Banderas
2686
2687# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2688# According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2689# changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2690# share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2691#
2692# (Spanish)
2693# Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2694# país, a partir de este domingo
2695# http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2696#
2697# Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2698# País
2699# http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2700#
2701# (English)
2702# Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2703# http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2704# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2705#
2706# "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2707# will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2708# zone ..."
2709# Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2710
2711# From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2712# Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2713
2714Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2715			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2716			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2717			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2718			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2719			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
2720			-8:00	-	PST	1970
2721			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2010 Apr  4  2:00
2722			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2723
2724# Baja California
2725Zone America/Tijuana	-7:48:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2726			-7:00	-	MST	1924
2727			-8:00	-	PST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2728			-7:00	-	MST	1930 Nov 15
2729			-8:00	-	PST	1931 Apr  1
2730			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1931 Sep 30
2731			-8:00	-	PST	1942 Apr 24
2732			-8:00	1:00	PWT	1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2733			-8:00	1:00	PPT	1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2734			-8:00	-	PST	1948 Apr  5
2735			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1949 Jan 14
2736			-8:00	-	PST	1954
2737			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1961
2738			-8:00	-	PST	1976
2739			-8:00	US	P%sT	1996
2740			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT	2001
2741			-8:00	US	P%sT	2002 Feb 20
2742			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT	2010
2743			-8:00	US	P%sT
2744# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2745# Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2746# America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2747# through 1995.  This was as per Shanks (1999).  But Shanks & Pottenger say
2748# Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975.  Guy Harris reports
2749# that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2750# Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2751# DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then.  This concerns
2752# data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2753# other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2754# name or contents should be.
2755#
2756# From Paul Eggert (2015-10-08):
2757# Formerly there was an America/Santa_Isabel zone, but this appears to
2758# have come from a misreading of
2759# http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2760# It has been moved to the 'backward' file.
2761#
2762# From Paul Eggert (2022-10-28):
2763# Today's new law states that the entire state of Baja California
2764# follows US DST rules, which agrees with simplifications noted above.
2765#
2766#
2767# Revillagigedo Is
2768# no information
2769
2770###############################################################################
2771
2772# Barbados
2773
2774# For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2.
2775
2776# From P Chan (2020-12-09 and 2020-12-11):
2777# Standard time of GMT-4 was adopted in 1911.
2778# Definition of Time Act, 1911 (1911-7) [1911-08-28]
2779# 1912, Laws of Barbados (5 v.), OCLC Number: 919801291, Vol. 4, Image No. 522
2780# 1944, Laws of Barbados (5 v.), OCLC Number: 84548697, Vol. 4, Image No. 122
2781# http://llmc.com/browse.aspx?type=2&coll=85&div=297
2782#
2783# DST was observed in 1942-44.
2784# Defence (Daylight Saving) Regulations, 1942, 1942-04-13
2785# Defence (Daylight Saving) (Repeal) Regulations, 1942, 1942-08-22
2786# Defence (Daylight Saving) Regulations, 1943, 1943-04-16
2787# Defence (Daylight Saving) (Repeal) Regulations, 1943, 1943-09-01
2788# Defence (Daylight Saving) Regulations, 1944, 1944-03-21
2789# [Defence (Daylight Saving) (Amendment) Regulations 1944, 1944-03-28]
2790# Defence (Daylight Saving) (Repeal) Regulations, 1944, 1944-08-30
2791#
2792# 1914-, Subsidiary Legis., Annual Vols. OCLC Number: 226290591
2793# 1942: Image Nos. 527-528, 555-556
2794# 1943: Image Nos. 178-179, 198
2795# 1944: Image Nos. 113-115, 129
2796# http://llmc.com/titledescfull.aspx?type=2&coll=85&div=297&set=98437
2797#
2798# From Tim Parenti (2021-02-20):
2799# The transitions below are derived from P Chan's sources, except that the 1977
2800# through 1980 transitions are from Shanks & Pottenger since we have no better
2801# data there.  Of particular note, the 1944 DST regulation only advanced the
2802# time to "exactly three and a half hours later than Greenwich mean time", as
2803# opposed to "three hours" in the 1942 and 1943 regulations.
2804
2805# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2806Rule	Barb	1942	only	-	Apr	19	5:00u	1:00	D
2807Rule	Barb	1942	only	-	Aug	31	6:00u	0	S
2808Rule	Barb	1943	only	-	May	 2	5:00u	1:00	D
2809Rule	Barb	1943	only	-	Sep	 5	6:00u	0	S
2810Rule	Barb	1944	only	-	Apr	10	5:00u	0:30	-
2811Rule	Barb	1944	only	-	Sep	10	6:00u	0	S
2812Rule	Barb	1977	only	-	Jun	12	2:00	1:00	D
2813Rule	Barb	1977	1978	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
2814Rule	Barb	1978	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	D
2815Rule	Barb	1979	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
2816Rule	Barb	1980	only	-	Sep	25	2:00	0	S
2817# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2818		#STDOFF	-3:58:29.2
2819Zone America/Barbados	-3:58:29 -	LMT	1911 Aug 28 # Bridgetown
2820			-4:00	Barb	A%sT	1944
2821			-4:00	Barb	AST/-0330 1945
2822			-4:00	Barb	A%sT
2823
2824# Belize
2825
2826# From P Chan (2020-11-03):
2827# Below are some laws related to the time in British Honduras/Belize:
2828#
2829# Definition of Time Ordinance, 1927 (No.4 of 1927) [1927-04-01]
2830# Ordinances of British Honduras Passed in the Year 1927, p 19-20
2831# https://books.google.com/books?id=LqEpAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA3-PA19
2832#
2833# Definition of Time (Amendment) Ordinance, 1942 (No. 5 of 1942) [1942-06-27]
2834# Ordinances of British Honduras Passed in the Year 1942, p 31-32
2835# https://books.google.com/books?id=h6MpAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA6-PA95-IA44
2836#
2837# Definition of Time Ordinance, 1945 (No. 19 of 1945) [1945-12-15]
2838# Ordinances of British Honduras Passed in the Year 1945, p 49-50
2839# https://books.google.com/books?id=xaMpAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PP1
2840#
2841# Definition of Time Ordinance, 1947 (No. 1 of 1947) [1947-03-11]
2842# Ordinances of British Honduras Passed in the Year 1947, p 1-2
2843# https://books.google.com/books?id=xaMpAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA3-PA1
2844#
2845# Time (Definition of) Ordinance  (Chapter 180)
2846# The Laws of British Honduras in Force on the 15th Day of September, 1958 , Volume IV, p 2580
2847# https://books.google.com/books?id=v5QpAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA2580
2848#
2849# Time (Definition of) (Amendment) Ordinance, 1968 (No. 13 of 1968) [1968-08-03]
2850# https://books.google.com/books?id=xij7KEB_58wC&pg=RA1-PA428-IA9
2851#
2852# Definition of Time Act (Chapter 339)
2853# Law of Belize, Revised Edition 2000
2854# http://www.belizelaw.org/web/lawadmin/PDF%20files/cap339.pdf
2855
2856# From Paul Eggert (2020-11-03):
2857# The transitions below are derived from P Chan's sources, except that the
2858# 1973 through 1983 transitions are from Shanks & Pottenger since we have
2859# no better data there.
2860
2861# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2862Rule	Belize	1918	1941	-	Oct	Sat>=1	24:00	0:30	-0530
2863Rule	Belize	1919	1942	-	Feb	Sat>=8	24:00	0	CST
2864Rule	Belize	1942	only	-	Jun	27	24:00	1:00	CWT
2865Rule	Belize	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	CPT
2866Rule	Belize	1945	only	-	Dec	15	24:00	0	CST
2867Rule	Belize	1947	1967	-	Oct	Sat>=1	24:00	0:30	-0530
2868Rule	Belize	1948	1968	-	Feb	Sat>=8	24:00	0	CST
2869Rule	Belize	1973	only	-	Dec	 5	0:00	1:00	CDT
2870Rule	Belize	1974	only	-	Feb	 9	0:00	0	CST
2871Rule	Belize	1982	only	-	Dec	18	0:00	1:00	CDT
2872Rule	Belize	1983	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	0	CST
2873# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2874Zone	America/Belize	-5:52:48 -	LMT	1912 Apr  1
2875			-6:00	Belize	%s
2876
2877# Bermuda
2878
2879# From Paul Eggert (2022-07-27):
2880# For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2881# Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I.  This agrees with standard offset given in the
2882# Daylight Saving Act, 1917 cited below.
2883# It is not known when this time became standard for Bermuda; guess 1890.
2884# The transition to -04 was specified by:
2885# 1930: The Time Zone Act, 1929 (1929: No. 39) [1929-11-08]
2886# https://books.google.com/books?id=7tdMAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA54-PP1
2887
2888# From P Chan (2020-11-20):
2889# Most of the information can be found online from the Bermuda National
2890# Library - Digital Collection which includes The Royal Gazette (RG) until 1957
2891# https://bnl.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/
2892# I will cite the ID.  For example, [10000] means
2893# https://bnl.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/BermudaNP02/id/10000
2894#
2895# 1917: Apr 5 midnight to Sep 30 midnight
2896# Daylight Saving Act, 1917 (1917 No. 13) [1917-04-02]
2897# Bermuda Acts and Resolves 1917, p 37-38
2898# https://books.google.com/books?id=M-lCAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA36-IA2
2899# RG, 1917-04-04, p 6 [42340] gives the spring forward date.
2900#
2901# 1918: Apr 13 midnight to Sep 15 midnight
2902# Daylight Saving Act, 1918 (1918 No. 9) [1918-04-06]
2903# Bermuda Acts and Resolves 1917, p 13
2904# https://books.google.com/books?id=K-lCAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA7
2905#
2906# Note that local mean time was still used before 1930.
2907#
2908# During WWII, DST was introduced by Defence Regulations
2909# 1942: Jan 11 02:00 to Oct 18 02:00 [113646], [115726]
2910# 1943: Mar 21 02:00 to Oct 31 02:00 [116704], [118193]
2911# 1944: Mar 12 02:00 to Nov 5 02:00 [119225], [121593]
2912# 1945: Mar 11 02:00 to Nov 4 02:00 [122369], [124461]
2913# RG, 1942-01-08, p 2, 1942-10-12, p 2 , 1943-03-06, p 2, 1943-09-03, p 1,
2914# 1944-02-29, p 6, 1944-09-20, p 2, 1945-02-13, p 2, 1945-11-03, p 1
2915#
2916# In 1946, the House of Assembly rejected DST twice. [128686], [128076]
2917# RG, 1946-03-16 p 1,1946-04-13 p 1
2918#
2919# 1947: third Sunday in May 02:00 to second Sunday in September 02:00
2920# DST in 1947 was defined in the Daylight Saving Act, 1947 (1947: No. 12)
2921# which expired at the end of the year.  [125784] ,[132405], [144454], [138226]
2922# RG, 1947-02-27, p 1, 1947-05-15, p 1, 1947-09-13, p 1, 1947-12-30, p 1
2923#
2924# 1948-1952: fourth Sunday in May 02:00 to first Sunday in September 02:00
2925# DST in 1948 was defined in the Daylight Saving Act, 1948 (1948 : No. 12)
2926# which was set to expired at the end of the year but it was extended until
2927# the end of 1952 and was not further extended.
2928# [129802], [139403], [146008], [135240], [144330], [139049], [143309],
2929# [148271], [149773], [153589], [153802], [155924]
2930# RG, 1948-04-13, p 1, 1948-05-22, p 1, 1948-09-04, p 1, 1949-05-21, p1,
2931# 1949-09-03, p 1, 1950-05-27 p 1, 1950-09-02, p 1, 1951-05-27, p 1,
2932# 1951-09-01, p 1, 1952-05-23, p 1, 1952-09-26, p 1, 1952-12-21, p 8
2933#
2934# In 1953-1955, the House of Assembly rejected DST each year. [158996],
2935# [162620], [166720] RG, 1953-05-02, p 1, 1954-04-01 p 1, 1955-03-12, p 1
2936#
2937# 1956: fourth Sunday in May 02:00 to last Sunday in October 02:00
2938# Time Zone (Seasonal Variation) Act, 1956 (1956: No.44) [1956-05-25]
2939# Bermuda Public Acts 1956, p 331-332
2940# https://books.google.com/books?id=Xs1AlmD_cEwC&pg=PA63
2941#
2942# The extension of the Act was rejected by the House of Assembly. [176218]
2943# RG, 1956-12-13, p 1
2944#
2945# From the Chronological Table of Public and Private Acts up to 1985, it seems
2946# that there does not exist other Acts related to DST before 1973.
2947# https://books.google.com/books?id=r9hMAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA23-PA1
2948# Public Acts of the Legislature of the Islands of Bermuda, Together with
2949# Statutory Instruments in Force Thereunder, Vol VII
2950
2951# From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2952# Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2953# in March, until the first Sunday in November.  And, after the Time Zone
2954# (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2955# Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2956# http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2957
2958# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2959Rule	Bermuda	1917	only	-	Apr	 5	24:00	1:00	-
2960Rule	Bermuda	1917	only	-	Sep	30	24:00	0	-
2961Rule	Bermuda	1918	only	-	Apr	13	24:00	1:00	-
2962Rule	Bermuda	1918	only	-	Sep	15	24:00	0	S
2963Rule	Bermuda	1942	only	-	Jan	11	 2:00	1:00	D
2964Rule	Bermuda	1942	only	-	Oct	18	 2:00	0	S
2965Rule	Bermuda	1943	only	-	Mar	21	 2:00	1:00	D
2966Rule	Bermuda	1943	only	-	Oct	31	 2:00	0	S
2967Rule	Bermuda	1944	1945	-	Mar	Sun>=8	 2:00	1:00	D
2968Rule	Bermuda	1944	1945	-	Nov	Sun>=1	 2:00	0	S
2969Rule	Bermuda	1947	only	-	May	Sun>=15	 2:00	1:00	D
2970Rule	Bermuda	1947	only	-	Sep	Sun>=8	 2:00	0	S
2971Rule	Bermuda	1948	1952	-	May	Sun>=22	 2:00	1:00	D
2972Rule	Bermuda	1948	1952	-	Sep	Sun>=1	 2:00	0	S
2973Rule	Bermuda	1956	only	-	May	Sun>=22	 2:00	1:00	D
2974Rule	Bermuda	1956	only	-	Oct	lastSun	 2:00	0	S
2975
2976# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2977		#STDOFF	-4:19:18.3
2978Zone Atlantic/Bermuda	-4:19:18 -	LMT	1890	# Hamilton
2979			-4:19:18 Bermuda BMT/BST 1930 Jan 1  2:00
2980			-4:00	Bermuda	A%sT	1974 Apr 28  2:00
2981			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1976
2982			-4:00	US	A%sT
2983
2984# Costa Rica
2985
2986# Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time.
2987
2988# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2989Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Feb	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
2990Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
2991Rule	CR	1991	1992	-	Jan	Sat>=15	0:00	1:00	D
2992# IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2993# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2994Rule	CR	1991	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00	0	S
2995Rule	CR	1992	only	-	Mar	15	0:00	0	S
2996# There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2997# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2998		#STDOFF	-5:36:13.3
2999Zone America/Costa_Rica	-5:36:13 -	LMT	1890        # San José
3000			-5:36:13 -	SJMT	1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
3001			-6:00	CR	C%sT
3002# Coco
3003# no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
3004
3005# Cuba
3006
3007# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
3008# Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
3009# for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
3010# For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
3011
3012# From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
3013# The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
3014# the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
3015# the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
3016# During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
3017# "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
3018# Time today."  (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
3019# sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
3020# to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
3021# returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
3022
3023# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
3024# DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
3025# years before.  The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
3026# https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
3027
3028# From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
3029# Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
3030# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
3031# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
3032# says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
3033# thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
3034# to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
3035# For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
3036
3037# From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
3038# This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
3039# adjustment in Cuba.  We will stay in daylight saving time:
3040# http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
3041
3042# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
3043# An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
3044# the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
3045# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
3046# "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
3047# watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
3048# to the normal schedule....
3049
3050# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
3051# <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
3052# says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
3053# For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
3054# except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
3055#
3056# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
3057# Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
3058# earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
3059#
3060# He supplied these references:
3061#
3062# http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID={4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF}&language=ES
3063# http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
3064#
3065# From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
3066# Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
3067#
3068# Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
3069# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
3070#
3071# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
3072
3073# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
3074# I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
3075# Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
3076# http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
3077# a Cuban information station, and heard
3078# the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
3079# indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
3080
3081# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
3082# It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
3083# It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
3084# http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
3085#
3086# Some more background information is posted here:
3087# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
3088#
3089# The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
3090# while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
3091# 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
3092# observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
3093# which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
3094# change some historic records as well.
3095#
3096# One example:
3097# http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
3098
3099# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
3100# The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
3101# web site, the Granma.  Please check out
3102# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
3103#
3104# Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
3105# will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
3106
3107# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
3108# Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
3109
3110# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
3111# According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
3112# midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
3113# not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
3114#
3115# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
3116# (in Spanish)
3117
3118# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
3119# I listened over the Internet to
3120# http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
3121# this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
3122# the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
3123# that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
3124
3125# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
3126# Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
3127# this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
3128# changed at all).
3129#
3130# Source:
3131# http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
3132#
3133# Our info:
3134# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
3135#
3136# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
3137# Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
3138# tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
3139#
3140# One source (Spanish)
3141# http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
3142#
3143# Our page:
3144# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
3145#
3146# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
3147# According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
3148# 31 and April 1.
3149#
3150# Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
3151# http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
3152#
3153# Our info on it:
3154# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
3155
3156# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
3157# Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
3158# to standard time on 2012-11-04:
3159# http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
3160# From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
3161# For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
3162
3163# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3164Rule	Cuba	1928	only	-	Jun	10	0:00	1:00	D
3165Rule	Cuba	1928	only	-	Oct	10	0:00	0	S
3166Rule	Cuba	1940	1942	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3167Rule	Cuba	1940	1942	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
3168Rule	Cuba	1945	1946	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3169Rule	Cuba	1945	1946	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
3170Rule	Cuba	1965	only	-	Jun	1	0:00	1:00	D
3171Rule	Cuba	1965	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	S
3172Rule	Cuba	1966	only	-	May	29	0:00	1:00	D
3173Rule	Cuba	1966	only	-	Oct	2	0:00	0	S
3174Rule	Cuba	1967	only	-	Apr	8	0:00	1:00	D
3175Rule	Cuba	1967	1968	-	Sep	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
3176Rule	Cuba	1968	only	-	Apr	14	0:00	1:00	D
3177Rule	Cuba	1969	1977	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
3178Rule	Cuba	1969	1971	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3179Rule	Cuba	1972	1974	-	Oct	8	0:00	0	S
3180Rule	Cuba	1975	1977	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3181Rule	Cuba	1978	only	-	May	7	0:00	1:00	D
3182Rule	Cuba	1978	1990	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
3183Rule	Cuba	1979	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	D
3184Rule	Cuba	1981	1985	-	May	Sun>=5	0:00	1:00	D
3185Rule	Cuba	1986	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=14	0:00	1:00	D
3186Rule	Cuba	1990	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3187Rule	Cuba	1991	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00s	0	S
3188Rule	Cuba	1996	only	-	Oct	 6	0:00s	0	S
3189Rule	Cuba	1997	only	-	Oct	12	0:00s	0	S
3190Rule	Cuba	1998	1999	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00s	1:00	D
3191Rule	Cuba	1998	2003	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00s	0	S
3192Rule	Cuba	2000	2003	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00s	1:00	D
3193Rule	Cuba	2004	only	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00s	1:00	D
3194Rule	Cuba	2006	2010	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00s	0	S
3195Rule	Cuba	2007	only	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
3196Rule	Cuba	2008	only	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00s	1:00	D
3197Rule	Cuba	2009	2010	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
3198Rule	Cuba	2011	only	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00s	1:00	D
3199Rule	Cuba	2011	only	-	Nov	13	0:00s	0	S
3200Rule	Cuba	2012	only	-	Apr	1	0:00s	1:00	D
3201Rule	Cuba	2012	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:00s	0	S
3202Rule	Cuba	2013	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
3203
3204# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3205Zone	America/Havana	-5:29:28 -	LMT	1890
3206			-5:29:36 -	HMT	1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
3207			-5:00	Cuba	C%sT
3208
3209# Dominican Republic
3210
3211# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
3212# Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
3213# time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
3214# http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
3215
3216# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
3217# That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
3218
3219# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
3220# Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
3221# November 28, 2000, with a new decree.  On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
3222# Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
3223# Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future.  The reason they
3224# decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
3225# to implement DST.  When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
3226# decided to revert.
3227
3228
3229# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3230Rule	DR	1966	only	-	Oct	30	0:00	1:00	EDT
3231Rule	DR	1967	only	-	Feb	28	0:00	0	EST
3232Rule	DR	1969	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0:30	-0430
3233Rule	DR	1970	only	-	Feb	21	0:00	0	EST
3234Rule	DR	1971	only	-	Jan	20	0:00	0	EST
3235Rule	DR	1972	1974	-	Jan	21	0:00	0	EST
3236# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3237Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 -	LMT	1890
3238			-4:40	-	SDMT	1933 Apr  1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
3239			-5:00	DR	%s	1974 Oct 27
3240			-4:00	-	AST	2000 Oct 29  2:00
3241			-5:00	US	E%sT	2000 Dec  3  1:00
3242			-4:00	-	AST
3243
3244# El Salvador
3245
3246# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3247Rule	Salv	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3248Rule	Salv	1987	1988	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3249# There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
3250# instead of America/San_Salvador.
3251# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3252Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 -	LMT	1921 # San Salvador
3253			-6:00	Salv	C%sT
3254
3255# Guatemala
3256#
3257# From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
3258# Diario Co Latino, at
3259# <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
3260# says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
3261# decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
3262# impact of the elevated cost of oil....  Daylight saving time will last from
3263# 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
3264# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
3265# The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
3266# (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00.  See
3267# http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf
3268
3269# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3270Rule	Guat	1973	only	-	Nov	25	0:00	1:00	D
3271Rule	Guat	1974	only	-	Feb	24	0:00	0	S
3272Rule	Guat	1983	only	-	May	21	0:00	1:00	D
3273Rule	Guat	1983	only	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
3274Rule	Guat	1991	only	-	Mar	23	0:00	1:00	D
3275Rule	Guat	1991	only	-	Sep	 7	0:00	0	S
3276Rule	Guat	2006	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
3277Rule	Guat	2006	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S
3278# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3279Zone America/Guatemala	-6:02:04 -	LMT	1918 Oct 5
3280			-6:00	Guat	C%sT
3281
3282# Haiti
3283# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
3284# Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
3285# I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
3286# on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
3287# <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>.  Translated from French, it says:
3288#
3289#  "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
3290#   and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
3291#   Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
3292#   provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
3293#   Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
3294#
3295#  "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
3296#   the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
3297#   starting at midnight.  This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
3298#   October 2005.
3299#
3300#  "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
3301#
3302# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
3303# I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
3304# last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
3305# "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
3306# next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
3307#
3308# I have found this article about it (in French):
3309# http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
3310#
3311# The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
3312
3313# From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
3314# Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
3315
3316# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
3317# According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
3318# apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
3319# So this means they have already changed their time.
3320#
3321# http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
3322# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
3323#
3324# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
3325# The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
3326# 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
3327# Assume a US-style fall back as well.
3328
3329# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
3330# It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
3331# as US/Canada.  They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
3332# are going to observe DST every year now...
3333#
3334# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
3335# http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
3336
3337# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):
3338# Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti
3339# are not going on DST this year.  Several other resources confirm this: ...
3340# https://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
3341# https://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
3342# http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/
3343
3344# From Steffen Thorsen (2017-03-12):
3345# We have received 4 mails from different people telling that Haiti
3346# has started DST again today, and this source seems to confirm that,
3347# I have not been able to find a more authoritative source:
3348# https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-20319-haiti-notices-time-change-in-haiti.html
3349
3350# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3351Rule	Haiti	1983	only	-	May	8	0:00	1:00	D
3352Rule	Haiti	1984	1987	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
3353Rule	Haiti	1983	1987	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3354# Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
3355# Go with IATA.
3356Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	1:00s	1:00	D
3357Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00s	0	S
3358Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3359Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3360Rule	Haiti	2012	2015	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
3361Rule	Haiti	2012	2015	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
3362Rule	Haiti	2017	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
3363Rule	Haiti	2017	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
3364# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3365Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 -	LMT	1890
3366			-4:49	-	PPMT	1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
3367			-5:00	Haiti	E%sT
3368
3369# Honduras
3370# Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
3371
3372# From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
3373# worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
3374# saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
3375# months until September.  La Tribuna reported today
3376# <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
3377# of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
3378
3379# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
3380# It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
3381# 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
3382# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
3383
3384# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
3385# Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).
3386# http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12
3387# It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
3388
3389# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3390# Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
3391# published, I have located this authoritative source:
3392# http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
3393
3394# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
3395# http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
3396# So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
3397
3398# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3399Rule	Hond	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3400Rule	Hond	1987	1988	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3401Rule	Hond	2006	only	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3402Rule	Hond	2006	only	-	Aug	Mon>=1	0:00	0	S
3403# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3404Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 -	LMT	1921 Apr
3405			-6:00	Hond	C%sT
3406#
3407# Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
3408
3409# Jamaica
3410# Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
3411# unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
3412# island".  Go with Milne.
3413#
3414# Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
3415# Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
3416# Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US.  Neita also writes that
3417# Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"
3418# (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),
3419# and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from
3420# Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia.  See:
3421# Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20
3422# http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
3423#
3424# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3425		#STDOFF	-5:07:10.41
3426Zone	America/Jamaica	-5:07:10 -	LMT	1890        # Kingston
3427			-5:07:10 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
3428			-5:00	-	EST	1974
3429			-5:00	US	E%sT	1984
3430			-5:00	-	EST
3431
3432# Martinique
3433# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3434Zone America/Martinique	-4:04:20 -      LMT	1890        # Fort-de-France
3435			-4:04:20 -	FFMT	1911 May    # Fort-de-France MT
3436			-4:00	-	AST	1980 Apr  6
3437			-4:00	1:00	ADT	1980 Sep 28
3438			-4:00	-	AST
3439
3440# Nicaragua
3441#
3442# This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3443#
3444# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3445# I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3446# DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3447# expensive petroleum.  The exact end date for DST is not yet
3448# announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3449# Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3450# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3451# The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3452# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3453#
3454# From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3455# The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3456# assume that it is daylight saving....
3457#
3458# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3459# The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3460# http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3461# and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3462# time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3463# during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3464# The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3465# since December 1998.  I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3466# changes in 2000.  Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3467# the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3468#
3469# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3470# Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3471# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3472# (2005-09-26)
3473#
3474# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3475# http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3476# (my informal translation)
3477# By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3478# advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3479# morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3480#
3481# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3482# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3483# My informal translation runs:
3484# The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3485# time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3486#
3487# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3488Rule	Nic	1979	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=16	0:00	1:00	D
3489Rule	Nic	1979	1980	-	Jun	Mon>=23	0:00	0	S
3490Rule	Nic	2005	only	-	Apr	10	0:00	1:00	D
3491Rule	Nic	2005	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
3492Rule	Nic	2006	only	-	Apr	30	2:00	1:00	D
3493Rule	Nic	2006	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	1:00	0	S
3494# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3495Zone	America/Managua	-5:45:08 -	LMT	1890
3496			-5:45:12 -	MMT	1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3497			-6:00	-	CST	1973 May
3498			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Feb 16
3499			-6:00	Nic	C%sT	1992 Jan  1  4:00
3500			-5:00	-	EST	1992 Sep 24
3501			-6:00	-	CST	1993
3502			-5:00	-	EST	1997
3503			-6:00	Nic	C%sT
3504
3505# Cayman Is
3506# Panama
3507#
3508# Atikokan and Coral Harbour, Canada, match Panama since 1970.
3509# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3510Zone	America/Panama	-5:18:08 -	LMT	1890
3511			-5:19:36 -	CMT	1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3512			-5:00	-	EST
3513
3514# Anguilla
3515# Antigua & Barbuda
3516# Aruba
3517# Caribbean Netherlands
3518# Curaçao
3519# Dominica
3520# Grenada
3521# Guadeloupe
3522# Montserrat
3523# Puerto Rico
3524# St Barthélemy
3525# St Kitts-Nevis
3526# Sint Maarten / St Martin
3527# St Lucia
3528# St Vincent & the Grenadines
3529# Trinidad & Tobago
3530# Virgin Is (UK & US)
3531#
3532# There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3533# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3534Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 -	LMT	1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3535			-4:00	-	AST	1942 May  3
3536			-4:00	US	A%sT	1946
3537			-4:00	-	AST
3538
3539# St Pierre and Miquelon
3540# There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3541# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3542Zone America/Miquelon	-3:44:40 -	LMT	1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3543			-4:00	-	AST	1980 May
3544			-3:00	-	-03	1987
3545			-3:00	Canada	-03/-02
3546
3547# Turks and Caicos
3548#
3549# From Chris Dunn in
3550# https://bugs.debian.org/415007
3551# (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3552# daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3553# the recent U.S. change of dates.
3554#
3555# From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3556# http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3557# there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3558# rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3559# "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3560# Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3561# indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3562
3563# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
3564# The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UT -04 year-round.  See:
3565# http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
3566# Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
3567# From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
3568# ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to
3569# "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
3570# http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
3571#
3572# From the Turks & Caicos Cabinet (2017-07-20), heads-up from Steffen Thorsen:
3573# ... agreed to the reintroduction in TCI of Daylight Saving Time (DST)
3574# during the summer months and Standard Time, also known as Local
3575# Time, during the winter months with effect from April 2018 ...
3576# https://www.gov.uk/government/news/turks-and-caicos-post-cabinet-meeting-statement--3
3577# From Paul Eggert (2017-08-26):
3578# The date of effect of the spring 2018 change appears to be March 11,
3579# which makes more sense.  See: Hamilton D. Time change back
3580# by March 2018 for TCI. Magnetic Media. 2017-08-25.
3581# http://magneticmediatv.com/2017/08/time-change-back-by-march-2018-for-tci/
3582#
3583# From P Chan (2020-11-27):
3584# Standard Time Declaration Order 2015 (L.N. 15/2015)
3585# http://online.fliphtml5.com/fizd/czin/#p=2
3586#
3587# Standard Time Declaration Order 2017 (L.N. 31/2017)
3588# http://online.fliphtml5.com/fizd/dmcu/#p=2
3589#
3590# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-05):
3591# Although L.N. 31/2017 reads that it "shall come into operation at 2:00 a.m.
3592# on 11th March 2018", a precise interpretation here poses some problems.  The
3593# order states that "the standard time to be observed throughout the Turks and
3594# Caicos Islands shall be the same time zone as the Eastern United States of
3595# America" and further clarifies "[f]or the avoidance of doubt" that it
3596# "applies to the Eastern Standard Time as well as any changes thereto for
3597# Daylight Saving Time."  However, as clocks in Turks and Caicos approached
3598# 02:00 -04, and thus the declared implementation time, it was still 01:00 EST
3599# (-05), as DST in the Eastern US would not start until an hour later.
3600#
3601# Since it is unlikely that those on the islands switched their clocks twice in
3602# the span of an hour, we assume instead that the adoption of EDT actually took
3603# effect once clocks in the Eastern US had sprung forward, from 03:00 -04.
3604# This discrepancy only affects the time zone abbreviation and DST flag for the
3605# intervening hour, not wall clock times, as -04 was maintained throughout.
3606
3607# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3608Zone America/Grand_Turk	-4:44:32 -	LMT	1890
3609		#STDOFF	-5:07:10.41
3610			-5:07:10 -	KMT	1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3611			-5:00	-	EST	1979
3612			-5:00	US	E%sT	2015 Mar  8  2:00
3613			-4:00	-	AST	2018 Mar 11  3:00
3614			-5:00	US	E%sT
3615
3616# Local Variables:
3617# coding: utf-8
3618# End:
3619