105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# tzdb data for Asia and environs 205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 3503609a9SYuri Pankov# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 5503609a9SYuri Pankov 6503609a9SYuri Pankov# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 7503609a9SYuri Pankov# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 8503609a9SYuri Pankov# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 9503609a9SYuri Pankov# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 10503609a9SYuri Pankov 11374df668SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-11): 12503609a9SYuri Pankov# 13503609a9SYuri Pankov# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 14503609a9SYuri Pankov# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 15503609a9SYuri Pankov# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 16503609a9SYuri Pankov# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 17503609a9SYuri Pankov# 18dafc4501SDan McDonald# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source 19dafc4501SDan McDonald# for time zone data was the International Air Transport 20503609a9SYuri Pankov# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 21503609a9SYuri Pankov# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 22503609a9SYuri Pankov# of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, 23503609a9SYuri Pankov# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 24503609a9SYuri Pankov# 25503609a9SYuri Pankov# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 26503609a9SYuri Pankov# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 27503609a9SYuri Pankov# I found in the UCLA library. 28503609a9SYuri Pankov# 29503609a9SYuri Pankov# For data circa 1899, a common source is: 30503609a9SYuri Pankov# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. 31b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 32503609a9SYuri Pankov# 33503609a9SYuri Pankov# For Russian data circa 1919, a source is: 34503609a9SYuri Pankov# Byalokoz EL. New Counting of Time in Russia since July 1, 1919. 35503609a9SYuri Pankov# (See the 'europe' file for a fuller citation.) 36503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# The following alphabetic abbreviations appear in these tables 3805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# (corrections are welcome): 39503609a9SYuri Pankov# std dst 40503609a9SYuri Pankov# LMT Local Mean Time 41503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2:00 EET EEST Eastern European Time 42503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2:00 IST IDT Israel 43503609a9SYuri Pankov# 5:30 IST India 44503609a9SYuri Pankov# 7:00 WIB west Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Barat) 45503609a9SYuri Pankov# 8:00 WITA central Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Tengah) 46503609a9SYuri Pankov# 8:00 CST China 47374df668SAndy Fiddaman# 8:00 HKT HKST Hong Kong (HKWT* for Winter Time in late 1941) 48374df668SAndy Fiddaman# 8:00 PST PDT* Philippines 49dafc4501SDan McDonald# 8:30 KST KDT Korea when at +0830 50503609a9SYuri Pankov# 9:00 WIT east Indonesia (Waktu Indonesia Timur) 51503609a9SYuri Pankov# 9:00 JST JDT Japan 52503609a9SYuri Pankov# 9:00 KST KDT Korea when at +09 53374df668SAndy Fiddaman# *I invented the abbreviations HKWT and PDT; see below. 54dafc4501SDan McDonald# Otherwise, these tables typically use numeric abbreviations like +03 554b8ee424SYuri Pankov# and +0330 for integer hour and minute UT offsets. Although earlier 56dafc4501SDan McDonald# editions invented alphabetic time zone abbreviations for every 57dafc4501SDan McDonald# offset, this did not reflect common practice. 58503609a9SYuri Pankov# 59503609a9SYuri Pankov# See the 'europe' file for Russia and Turkey in Asia. 60503609a9SYuri Pankov 61503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Guy Harris: 62503609a9SYuri Pankov# Incorporates data for Singapore from Robert Elz' asia 1.1, as well as 63503609a9SYuri Pankov# additional information from Tom Yap, Sun Microsystems Intercontinental 64503609a9SYuri Pankov# Technical Support (including a page from the Official Airline Guide - 65dafc4501SDan McDonald# Worldwide Edition). 66503609a9SYuri Pankov 67503609a9SYuri Pankov############################################################################### 68503609a9SYuri Pankov 69503609a9SYuri Pankov# These rules are stolen from the 'europe' file. 70f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 71503609a9SYuri PankovRule EUAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S 72503609a9SYuri PankovRule EUAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 1:00u 0 - 73503609a9SYuri PankovRule EUAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 - 743508b934SYuri PankovRule E-EurAsia 1981 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 - 75503609a9SYuri PankovRule E-EurAsia 1979 1995 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 76503609a9SYuri PankovRule E-EurAsia 1996 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 773508b934SYuri PankovRule RussiaAsia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 - 78503609a9SYuri PankovRule RussiaAsia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 79503609a9SYuri PankovRule RussiaAsia 1984 1995 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - 803508b934SYuri PankovRule RussiaAsia 1985 2010 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - 81b654b02dSYuri PankovRule RussiaAsia 1996 2010 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 82503609a9SYuri Pankov 83503609a9SYuri Pankov# Afghanistan 84374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 85503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Kabul 4:36:48 - LMT 1890 86dafc4501SDan McDonald 4:00 - +04 1945 87dafc4501SDan McDonald 4:30 - +0430 88503609a9SYuri Pankov 89503609a9SYuri Pankov# Armenia 90503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 91503609a9SYuri Pankov# Shanks & Pottenger have Yerevan switching to 3:00 (with Russian DST) 92503609a9SYuri Pankov# in spring 1991, then to 4:00 with no DST in fall 1995, then 93503609a9SYuri Pankov# readopting Russian DST in 1997. Go with Shanks & Pottenger, even 94503609a9SYuri Pankov# when they disagree with others. Edgar Der-Danieliantz 95503609a9SYuri Pankov# reported (1996-05-04) that Yerevan probably wouldn't use DST 96503609a9SYuri Pankov# in 1996, though it did use DST in 1995. IATA SSIM (1991/1998) reports that 97503609a9SYuri Pankov# Armenia switched from 3:00 to 4:00 in 1998 and observed DST after 1991, 98503609a9SYuri Pankov# but started switching at 3:00s in 1998. 99503609a9SYuri Pankov 100503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15): 101503609a9SYuri Pankov# While Russia abandoned DST in 2011, Armenia may choose to 102503609a9SYuri Pankov# follow Russia's "old" rules. 103503609a9SYuri Pankov 104503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-02-10): 105503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to News Armenia, on Feb 9, 2012, 106503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://newsarmenia.ru/society/20120209/42609695.html 107503609a9SYuri Pankov# 108503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Armenia National Assembly adopted final reading of Amendments to the 109503609a9SYuri Pankov# Law "On procedure of calculation time on the territory of the Republic of 110503609a9SYuri Pankov# Armenia" according to which Armenia [is] abolishing Daylight Saving Time. 111503609a9SYuri Pankov# or 112503609a9SYuri Pankov# (brief) 113503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_armenia03.html 114f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1153508b934SYuri PankovRule Armenia 2011 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 - 116b654b02dSYuri PankovRule Armenia 2011 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 117374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 118503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Yerevan 2:58:00 - LMT 1924 May 2 119503609a9SYuri Pankov 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar 120503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 121503609a9SYuri Pankov 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1995 Sep 24 2:00s 122503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 - +04 1997 123b654b02dSYuri Pankov 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2011 124b654b02dSYuri Pankov 4:00 Armenia +04/+05 125503609a9SYuri Pankov 126503609a9SYuri Pankov# Azerbaijan 127503609a9SYuri Pankov 128503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Rustam Aliyev of the Azerbaijan Internet Forum (2005-10-23): 129503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to the resolution of Cabinet of Ministers, 1997 130503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2015-09-17): It was Resolution No. 21 (1997-03-17). 131503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://code.az/files/daylight_res.pdf 132503609a9SYuri Pankov 133503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-17): 134503609a9SYuri Pankov# ... the Azerbaijani Cabinet of Ministers has cancelled switching to 135503609a9SYuri Pankov# daylight saving time.... 136b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.azernews.az/azerbaijan/94137.html 137503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://vestnikkavkaza.net/news/Azerbaijani-Cabinet-of-Ministers-cancels-daylight-saving-time.html 138503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://en.apa.az/xeber_azerbaijan_abolishes_daylight_savings_ti_240862.html 139503609a9SYuri Pankov 140f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1413508b934SYuri PankovRule Azer 1997 2015 - Mar lastSun 4:00 1:00 - 142503609a9SYuri PankovRule Azer 1997 2015 - Oct lastSun 5:00 0 - 143374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 144503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Baku 3:19:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 145503609a9SYuri Pankov 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar 146503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 147503609a9SYuri Pankov 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1992 Sep lastSun 2:00s 148503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 - +04 1996 149503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 EUAsia +04/+05 1997 150503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 Azer +04/+05 151503609a9SYuri Pankov 152503609a9SYuri Pankov# Bahrain 153503609a9SYuri Pankov# See Asia/Qatar. 154503609a9SYuri Pankov 155503609a9SYuri Pankov# Bangladesh 156503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-05-13): 157503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to newspaper Asian Tribune (May 6, 2009) Bangladesh may introduce 158503609a9SYuri Pankov# Daylight Saving Time from June 16 to Sept 30 159503609a9SYuri Pankov# 160503609a9SYuri Pankov# Bangladesh to introduce daylight saving time likely from June 16 161503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/17288 162503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh02.html 163503609a9SYuri Pankov# 164503609a9SYuri Pankov# "... Bangladesh government has decided to switch daylight saving time from 165503609a9SYuri Pankov# June 166503609a9SYuri Pankov# 16 till September 30 in a bid to ensure maximum use of daylight to cope with 167503609a9SYuri Pankov# crippling power crisis. " 168503609a9SYuri Pankov# 169503609a9SYuri Pankov# The switch will remain in effect from June 16 to Sept 30 (2009) but if 170503609a9SYuri Pankov# implemented the next year, it will come in force from April 1, 2010 171503609a9SYuri Pankov 172503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-02): 173503609a9SYuri Pankov# They have finally decided now, but changed the start date to midnight between 174503609a9SYuri Pankov# the 19th and 20th, and they have not set the end date yet. 175503609a9SYuri Pankov# 176503609a9SYuri Pankov# Some sources: 177b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-40017620090601 178503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://bdnews24.com/details.php?id=85889&cid=2 179503609a9SYuri Pankov# 180503609a9SYuri Pankov# Our wrap-up: 181b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/bangladesh-daylight-saving-2009.html 182503609a9SYuri Pankov 183503609a9SYuri Pankov# From A. N. M. Kamrus Saadat (2009-06-15): 184503609a9SYuri Pankov# Finally we've got the official mail regarding DST start time where DST start 185503609a9SYuri Pankov# time is mentioned as Jun 19 2009, 23:00 from BTRC (Bangladesh 186503609a9SYuri Pankov# Telecommunication Regulatory Commission). 187503609a9SYuri Pankov# 188503609a9SYuri Pankov# No DST end date has been announced yet. 189503609a9SYuri Pankov 190503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-25): 191503609a9SYuri Pankov# Bangladesh won't go back to Standard Time from October 1, 2009, 192503609a9SYuri Pankov# instead it will continue DST measure till the cabinet makes a fresh decision. 193503609a9SYuri Pankov# 194503609a9SYuri Pankov# Following report by same newspaper-"The Daily Star Friday": 195503609a9SYuri Pankov# "DST change awaits cabinet decision-Clock won't go back by 1-hr from Oct 1" 196503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=107021 197503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh04.html 198503609a9SYuri Pankov 199503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-13): 200503609a9SYuri Pankov# IANS (Indo-Asian News Service) now reports: 201503609a9SYuri Pankov# Bangladesh has decided that the clock advanced by an hour to make 202503609a9SYuri Pankov# maximum use of daylight hours as an energy saving measure would 203503609a9SYuri Pankov# "continue for an indefinite period." 204503609a9SYuri Pankov# 205503609a9SYuri Pankov# One of many places where it is published: 206503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/business/bangladesh-to-continue-indefinitely-with-advanced-time_100259987.html 207503609a9SYuri Pankov 208503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-12-24): 209503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 210503609a9SYuri Pankov# Bangladesh will change its clock back to Standard Time on Dec 31, 2009. 211503609a9SYuri Pankov# 212503609a9SYuri Pankov# Clock goes back 1-hr on Dec 31 night. 213503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=119228 214503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh05.html 215503609a9SYuri Pankov# 216503609a9SYuri Pankov# "...The government yesterday decided to put the clock back by one hour 217503609a9SYuri Pankov# on December 31 midnight and the new time will continue until March 31, 218503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2010 midnight. The decision came at a cabinet meeting at the Prime 219503609a9SYuri Pankov# Minister's Office last night..." 220503609a9SYuri Pankov 221503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-22): 222503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to Bangladesh newspaper "The Daily Star," 223503609a9SYuri Pankov# Cabinet cancels Daylight Saving Time 224503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=22817 225503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_bangladesh06.html 226503609a9SYuri Pankov 227f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2283508b934SYuri PankovRule Dhaka 2009 only - Jun 19 23:00 1:00 - 229503609a9SYuri PankovRule Dhaka 2009 only - Dec 31 24:00 0 - 230503609a9SYuri Pankov 231374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 232503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Dhaka 6:01:40 - LMT 1890 233503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time? 234dafc4501SDan McDonald 6:30 - +0630 1942 May 15 235dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:30 - +0530 1942 Sep 236dafc4501SDan McDonald 6:30 - +0630 1951 Sep 30 237dafc4501SDan McDonald 6:00 - +06 2009 238dafc4501SDan McDonald 6:00 Dhaka +06/+07 239503609a9SYuri Pankov 240503609a9SYuri Pankov# Bhutan 241374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 242503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Thimphu 5:58:36 - LMT 1947 Aug 15 # or Thimbu 243dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:30 - +0530 1987 Oct 244dafc4501SDan McDonald 6:00 - +06 245503609a9SYuri Pankov 246503609a9SYuri Pankov# British Indian Ocean Territory 247503609a9SYuri Pankov# Whitman and the 1995 CIA time zone map say 5:00, but the 248503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1997 and later maps say 6:00. Assume the switch occurred in 1996. 249503609a9SYuri Pankov# We have no information as to when standard time was introduced; 250503609a9SYuri Pankov# assume it occurred in 1907, the same year as Mauritius (which 251503609a9SYuri Pankov# then contained the Chagos Archipelago). 252374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 253503609a9SYuri PankovZone Indian/Chagos 4:49:40 - LMT 1907 254dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:00 - +05 1996 255dafc4501SDan McDonald 6:00 - +06 256503609a9SYuri Pankov 257503609a9SYuri Pankov# Brunei 258374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 259503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Brunei 7:39:40 - LMT 1926 Mar # Bandar Seri Begawan 260dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1933 261dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 262503609a9SYuri Pankov 263503609a9SYuri Pankov# Burma / Myanmar 264503609a9SYuri Pankov 265503609a9SYuri Pankov# Milne says 6:24:40 was the meridian of the time ball observatory at Rangoon. 266503609a9SYuri Pankov 267b654b02dSYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-20): 268b654b02dSYuri Pankov# Page 27 of Reed & Low (cited for Asia/Kolkata) says "Rangoon local time is 269b654b02dSYuri Pankov# used upon the railways and telegraphs of Burma, and is 6h. 24m. 47s. ahead 270b654b02dSYuri Pankov# of Greenwich." This refers to the period before Burma's transition to +0630, 271b654b02dSYuri Pankov# a transition for which Shanks is the only source. 272b654b02dSYuri Pankov 273374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 274b654b02dSYuri PankovZone Asia/Yangon 6:24:47 - LMT 1880 # or Rangoon 275b654b02dSYuri Pankov 6:24:47 - RMT 1920 # Rangoon local time 276dafc4501SDan McDonald 6:30 - +0630 1942 May 277dafc4501SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 May 3 278dafc4501SDan McDonald 6:30 - +0630 279503609a9SYuri Pankov 280503609a9SYuri Pankov# Cambodia 281503609a9SYuri Pankov# See Asia/Bangkok. 282503609a9SYuri Pankov 283503609a9SYuri Pankov 284503609a9SYuri Pankov# China 285503609a9SYuri Pankov 2865254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# From Phake Nick (2020-04-15): 2875254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# According to this news report: 2885254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2004-09-01/19524201403.shtml 2895254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# on April 11, 1919, newspaper in Shanghai said clocks in Shanghai will spring 2905254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# forward for an hour starting from midnight of that Saturday. The report did 2915254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# not mention what happened in Shanghai thereafter, but it mentioned that a 2925254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# similar trial in Tianjin which ended at October 1st as citizens are told to 2935254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# recede the clock on September 30 from 12:00pm to 11:00pm. The trial at 2945254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# Tianjin got terminated in 1920. 2955254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 2965254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2020-04-15): 2975254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# The Returns of Trade and Trade Reports, page 711, says "Daylight saving was 2985254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# given a trial during the year, and from the 12th April to the 1st October 2995254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# the clocks were all set one hour ahead of sun time. Though the scheme was 3005254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# generally esteemed a success, it was announced early in 1920 that it would 3015254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# not be repeated." 3025254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 303f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 3045254d4faSAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1919 only - Apr 12 24:00 1:00 D 3055254d4faSAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1919 only - Sep 30 24:00 0 S 3065254d4faSAndy Fiddaman 30705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2018-10-02): 30805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# The following comes from Table 1 of: 30905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# Li Yu. Research on the daylight saving movement in 1940s Shanghai. 31005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences. 2014;(2):144-50. 31105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# http://oversea.cnki.net/kns55/detail.aspx?dbname=CJFD2014&filename=NJSH201402020 31205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# The table lists dates only; I am guessing 00:00 and 24:00 transition times. 31305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# Also, the table lists the planned end of DST in 1949, but the corresponding 31405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# zone line cuts this off on May 28, when the Communists took power. 3155254d4faSAndy Fiddaman 3165254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# From Phake Nick (2020-04-15): 3175254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 3185254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# For the history of time in Shanghai between 1940-1942, the situation is 3195254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# actually slightly more complex than the table [below].... At the time, 3205254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# there were three different authorities in Shanghai, including Shanghai 3215254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# International Settlement, a settlement established by western countries with 3225254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# its own westernized form of government, Shanghai French Concession, similar 3235254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# to the international settlement but is controlled by French, and then the 3245254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# rest of the city of Shanghai, which have already been controlled by Japanese 3255254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# force through a puppet local government (Wang Jingwei regime). It was 3265254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# additionally complicated by the circumstances that, according to the 1940s 3275254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# Shanghai summer time essay cited in the database, some 3285254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# departments/businesses/people in the Shanghai city itself during that time 3295254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# period, refused to change their clock and instead only changed their opening 3305254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# hours. 3315254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 3325254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# For example, as quoted in the article, in 1940, other than the authority 3335254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# itself, power, tram, bus companies, cinema, department stores, and other 3345254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# public service organizations have all decided to follow the summer time and 3355254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# spring forward the clock. On the other hand, the custom office refused to 3365254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# spring forward the clock because of worry on mechanical wear to the physical 3375254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# clock, postal office refused to spring forward because of disruption to 3385254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# business and log-keeping, although they did changed their office hour to 3395254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# match rest of the city. So is travel agents, and also weather 3405254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# observatory. It is said both time standards had their own supporters in the 3415254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# city at the time, those who prefer new time standard would have moved their 3425254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# clock while those who prefer the old time standard would keep their clock 3435254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# unchange, and there were different clocks that use different time standard 3445254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# in the city at the time for people who use different time standard to adjust 3455254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# their clock to their preferred time. 3465254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 3475254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# a. For the 1940 May 31 spring forward, the essay claim that it was 3485254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# coordinared between the international settlement authority and the French 3495254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# concession authority and have gathered support from Hong Kong and Xiamen, 3505254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# that it would spring forward an hour from May 31 "midnight", and the essay 3515254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# claim "Hong Kong government implemented the spring forward in the same time 3525254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# on the same date as Shanghai". 3535254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 3545254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# b. For the 1940 fall back, it was said that they initially intended to do 3555254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# so on September 30 00:59 at night, however they postponed it to October 12 3565254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# after discussion with relevant parties. However schools restored to the 3575254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# original schedule ten days earlier. 3585254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 3595254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# c. For the 1941 spring forward, it is said to start from March 15 3605254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# "following the previous year's method", and in addition to that the essay 3615254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# cited an announcement in 1941 from the Wang regime which said the Special 3625254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# City of Shanghai under Wang regime control will follow the DST rule set by 3635254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# the Settlements, irrespective of the original DST plan announced by the Wang 3645254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# regime for other area under its control(April 1 to September 30). (no idea 3655254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# to situation before that announcement) 3665254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 3675254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# d. For the 1941 fall back, it was said that the fall back would occurs at 3685254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# the end of September (A newspaper headline cited by the essay, published on 3695254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# October 1, 1941, have the headlines which said "French Concession would 3705254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# rewind to the old clock this morning), but it ultimately didn't happen due 3715254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# to disagreement between the international settlement authority and the 3725254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# French concession authority, and the fall back ultimately occurred on 3735254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# November 1. 3745254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 3755254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# e. In 1941 December, Japan have officially started war with the United 3765254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# States and the United Kingdom, and in Shanghai they have marched into the 3775254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# international settlement, taken over its control 3785254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 3795254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# f. For the 1942 spring forward, the essay said that the spring forward 3805254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# started on January 31. It said this time the custom office and postal 3815254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# department will also change their clocks, unlike before. 3825254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 3835254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# g. The essay itself didn't cover any specific changes thereafter until the 3845254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# end of the war, it quoted a November 1942 command from the government of the 3855254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# Wang regime, which claim the daylight saving time applies year round during 3865254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# the war. However, the essay ambiguously said the period is "February 1 to 3875254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# September 30", which I don't really understand what is the meaning of such 3885254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# period in the context of year round implementation here.. More researches 3895254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# might be needed to show exactly what happened during that period of time. 3905254d4faSAndy Fiddaman 3915254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# From Phake Nick (2020-04-15): 3925254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# According to a Japanese tour bus pamphlet in Nanjing area believed to be 3935254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# from around year 1941: http://www.tt-museum.jp/tairiku_0280_nan1941.html , 3945254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# the schedule listed was in the format of Japanese time. Which indicate some 3955254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# use of the Japanese time (instead of syncing by DST) might have occurred in 3965254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# the Yangtze river delta area during that period of time although the scope 3975254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# of such use will need to be investigated to determine. 39805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 399f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 40005e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1940 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 40105e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1940 only - Oct 12 24:00 0 S 40205e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1941 only - Mar 15 0:00 1:00 D 40305e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1941 only - Nov 1 24:00 0 S 40405e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1942 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 D 40505e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1945 only - Sep 1 24:00 0 S 40605e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1946 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 40705e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1946 only - Sep 30 24:00 0 S 40805e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1947 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 40905e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1947 only - Oct 31 24:00 0 S 41005e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1948 1949 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 41105e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Shang 1948 1949 - Sep 30 24:00 0 S #plan 41205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 413503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Guy Harris: 414503609a9SYuri Pankov# People's Republic of China. Yes, they really have only one time zone. 415503609a9SYuri Pankov 416503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28): 417503609a9SYuri Pankov# No they don't. See TIME mag, 1986-02-17 p.52. Even though 418503609a9SYuri Pankov# China is across 4 physical time zones, before Feb 1, 1986 only the 419503609a9SYuri Pankov# Peking (Beijing) time zone was recognized. Since that date, China 420503609a9SYuri Pankov# has two of 'em - Peking's and Ürümqi (named after the capital of 421503609a9SYuri Pankov# the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). I don't know about DST for it. 422503609a9SYuri Pankov# 423503609a9SYuri Pankov# . . .I just deleted the DST table and this editor makes it too 424503609a9SYuri Pankov# painful to suck in another copy. So, here is what I have for 425503609a9SYuri Pankov# DST start/end dates for Peking's time zone (info from AP): 426503609a9SYuri Pankov# 427503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1986 May 4 - Sept 14 428503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1987 mid-April - ?? 429503609a9SYuri Pankov 430503609a9SYuri Pankov# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19): 431503609a9SYuri Pankov# CHINA 8 H AHEAD OF UTC ALL OF CHINA, INCL TAIWAN 432503609a9SYuri Pankov# CHINA 9 H AHEAD OF UTC APR 17 - SEP 10 433503609a9SYuri Pankov 434503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2008-02-11): 435503609a9SYuri Pankov# Jim Mann, "A clumsy embrace for another western custom: China on daylight 436503609a9SYuri Pankov# time - sort of", Los Angeles Times, 1986-05-05 ... [says] that China began 437503609a9SYuri Pankov# observing daylight saving time in 1986. 438503609a9SYuri Pankov 43905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# From P Chan (2018-05-07): 44005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# The start and end time of DST in China [from 1986 on] should be 2:00 44105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# (i.e. 2:00 to 3:00 at the start and 2:00 to 1:00 at the end).... 44205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# Government notices about summer time: 44305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 44405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 1986-04-12 http://www.zj.gov.cn/attach/zfgb/198608.pdf p.21-22 44505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# (To establish summer time from 1986. On 4 May, set the clocks ahead one hour 44605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# at 2 am. On 14 September, set the clocks backward one hour at 2 am.) 44705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 44805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 1987-02-15 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1987/gwyb198703.pdf p.114 44905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# (Summer time in 1987 to start from 12 April until 13 September) 45005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 45105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 1987-09-09 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1987/gwyb198721.pdf p.709 45205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# (From 1988, summer time to start from 2 am of the first Sunday of mid-April 45305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# until 2 am of the first Sunday of mid-September) 45405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 45505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 1992-03-03 http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/shuju/1992/gwyb199205.pdf p.152 45605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# (To suspend summer time from 1992) 45705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 45805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# The first page of People's Daily on 12 April 1988 stating that summer time 45905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# to begin on 17 April. 46005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# http://data.people.com.cn/pic/101p/1988/04/1988041201.jpg 46105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 462f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 46305e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule PRC 1986 only - May 4 2:00 1:00 D 46405e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule PRC 1986 1991 - Sep Sun>=11 2:00 0 S 46505e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule PRC 1987 1991 - Apr Sun>=11 2:00 1:00 D 466503609a9SYuri Pankov 467503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Anthony Fok (2001-12-20): 468503609a9SYuri Pankov# BTW, I did some research on-line and found some info regarding these five 469503609a9SYuri Pankov# historic timezones from some Taiwan websites. And yes, there are official 470503609a9SYuri Pankov# Chinese names for these locales (before 1949). 471503609a9SYuri Pankov# 472503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-07-14): 473503609a9SYuri Pankov# I have investigated the timezones around 1970 on the 474b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.astro.com/atlas site [with provinces and county 475503609a9SYuri Pankov# boundaries summarized below].... A few other exceptions were two 476503609a9SYuri Pankov# counties on the Sichuan side of the Xizang-Sichuan border, 477503609a9SYuri Pankov# counties Dege and Baiyu which lies on the Sichuan side and are 478503609a9SYuri Pankov# therefore supposed to be GMT+7, Xizang region being GMT+6, but Dege 479503609a9SYuri Pankov# county is GMT+8 according to astro.com while Baiyu county is GMT+6 480503609a9SYuri Pankov# (could be true), for the moment I am assuming that those two 481503609a9SYuri Pankov# counties are mistakes in the astro.com data. 482503609a9SYuri Pankov 483dafc4501SDan McDonald# From Paul Eggert (2017-01-05): 484503609a9SYuri Pankov# Alois Treindl kindly sent me translations of the following two sources: 485503609a9SYuri Pankov# 486503609a9SYuri Pankov# (1) 48705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# Guo Qing-sheng (National Time-Service Center, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China) 488503609a9SYuri Pankov# Beijing Time at the Beginning of the PRC 489503609a9SYuri Pankov# China Historical Materials of Science and Technology 49005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# (Zhongguo ke ji shi liao, 中国科技史料). 2003;24(1):5-9. 49105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# http://oversea.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?filename=ZGKS200301000&dbname=CJFD2003 492503609a9SYuri Pankov# It gives evidence that at the beginning of the PRC, Beijing time was 493503609a9SYuri Pankov# officially apparent solar time! However, Guo also says that the 494503609a9SYuri Pankov# evidence is dubious, as the relevant institute of astronomy had not 495503609a9SYuri Pankov# been taken over by the PRC yet. It's plausible that apparent solar 496503609a9SYuri Pankov# time was announced but never implemented, and that people continued 497503609a9SYuri Pankov# to use UT+8. As the Shanghai radio station (and I presume the 498503609a9SYuri Pankov# observatory) was still under control of French missionaries, it 499503609a9SYuri Pankov# could well have ignored any such mandate. 500503609a9SYuri Pankov# 501503609a9SYuri Pankov# (2) 502503609a9SYuri Pankov# Guo Qing-sheng (Shaanxi Astronomical Observatory, CAS, Xi'an 710600, China) 503503609a9SYuri Pankov# A Study on the Standard Time Changes for the Past 100 Years in China 504503609a9SYuri Pankov# [undated and unknown publication location] 505503609a9SYuri Pankov# It says several things: 506503609a9SYuri Pankov# * The Qing dynasty used local apparent solar time throughout China. 507503609a9SYuri Pankov# * The Republic of China instituted Beijing mean solar time effective 508503609a9SYuri Pankov# the official calendar book of 1914. 509503609a9SYuri Pankov# * The French Concession in Shanghai set up signal stations in 510503609a9SYuri Pankov# French docks in the 1890s, controlled by Xujiahui (Zikawei) 511503609a9SYuri Pankov# Observatory and set to local mean time. 512503609a9SYuri Pankov# * "From the end of the 19th century" it changed to UT+8. 513503609a9SYuri Pankov# * Chinese Customs (by then reduced to a tool of foreign powers) 514503609a9SYuri Pankov# eventually standardized on this time for all ports, and it 515503609a9SYuri Pankov# became used by railways as well. 516503609a9SYuri Pankov# * In 1918 the Central Observatory proposed dividing China into 517503609a9SYuri Pankov# five time zones (see below for details). This caught on 518503609a9SYuri Pankov# at first only in coastal areas observing UT+8. 519503609a9SYuri Pankov# * During WWII all of China was in theory was at UT+7. In practice 520503609a9SYuri Pankov# this was ignored in the west, and I presume was ignored in 521503609a9SYuri Pankov# Japanese-occupied territory. 522503609a9SYuri Pankov# * Japanese-occupied Manchuria was at UT+9, i.e., Japan time. 523503609a9SYuri Pankov# * The five-zone plan was resurrected after WWII and officially put into 524503609a9SYuri Pankov# place (with some modifications) in March 1948. It's not clear 525503609a9SYuri Pankov# how well it was observed in areas under Nationalist control. 526503609a9SYuri Pankov# * The People's Liberation Army used UT+8 during the civil war. 527503609a9SYuri Pankov# 528503609a9SYuri Pankov# An AP article "Shanghai Internat'l Area Little Changed" in the 529503609a9SYuri Pankov# Lewiston (ME) Daily Sun (1939-05-29), p 17, said "Even the time is 530503609a9SYuri Pankov# different - the occupied districts going by Tokyo time, an hour 531503609a9SYuri Pankov# ahead of that prevailing in the rest of Shanghai." Guess that the 532503609a9SYuri Pankov# Xujiahui Observatory was under French control and stuck with UT +08. 533503609a9SYuri Pankov# 534503609a9SYuri Pankov# In earlier versions of this file, China had many separate Zone entries, but 535503609a9SYuri Pankov# this was based on what were apparently incorrect data in Shanks & Pottenger. 536503609a9SYuri Pankov# This has now been simplified to the two entries Asia/Shanghai and 537503609a9SYuri Pankov# Asia/Urumqi, with the others being links for backward compatibility. 538503609a9SYuri Pankov# Proposed in 1918 and theoretically in effect until 1949 (although in practice 539503609a9SYuri Pankov# mainly observed in coastal areas), the five zones were: 540503609a9SYuri Pankov# 541503609a9SYuri Pankov# Changbai Time ("Long-white Time", Long-white = Heilongjiang area) UT +08:30 542dafc4501SDan McDonald# Now part of Asia/Shanghai; its pre-1970 times are not recorded here. 543503609a9SYuri Pankov# Heilongjiang (except Mohe county), Jilin 544503609a9SYuri Pankov# 545503609a9SYuri Pankov# Zhongyuan Time ("Central plain Time") UT +08 546dafc4501SDan McDonald# Now part of Asia/Shanghai. 547503609a9SYuri Pankov# most of China 548503609a9SYuri Pankov# Milne gives 8:05:43.2 for Xujiahui Observatory time; round to nearest. 549503609a9SYuri Pankov# Guo says Shanghai switched to UT +08 "from the end of the 19th century". 550503609a9SYuri Pankov# 551dafc4501SDan McDonald# Long-shu Time (probably as Long and Shu were two names of the area) UT +07 552dafc4501SDan McDonald# Now part of Asia/Shanghai; its pre-1970 times are not recorded here. 553503609a9SYuri Pankov# Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Yunnan; 554dafc4501SDan McDonald# most of Gansu; west Inner Mongolia; east Qinghai; and the Guangdong 555503609a9SYuri Pankov# counties Deqing, Enping, Kaiping, Luoding, Taishan, Xinxing, 556503609a9SYuri Pankov# Yangchun, Yangjiang, Yu'nan, and Yunfu. 557503609a9SYuri Pankov# 558503609a9SYuri Pankov# Xin-zang Time ("Xinjiang-Tibet Time") UT +06 559dafc4501SDan McDonald# This region is now part of either Asia/Urumqi or Asia/Shanghai with 560dafc4501SDan McDonald# current boundaries uncertain; times before 1970 for areas that 561dafc4501SDan McDonald# disagree with Ürümqi or Shanghai are not recorded here. 562503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Gansu counties Aksay, Anxi, Dunhuang, Subei; west Qinghai; 563503609a9SYuri Pankov# the Guangdong counties Xuwen, Haikang, Suixi, Lianjiang, 564503609a9SYuri Pankov# Zhanjiang, Wuchuan, Huazhou, Gaozhou, Maoming, Dianbai, and Xinyi; 565503609a9SYuri Pankov# east Tibet, including Lhasa, Chamdo, Shigaise, Jimsar, Shawan and Hutubi; 566503609a9SYuri Pankov# east Xinjiang, including Ürümqi, Turpan, Karamay, Korla, Minfeng, Jinghe, 567503609a9SYuri Pankov# Wusu, Qiemo, Xinyan, Wulanwusu, Jinghe, Yumin, Tacheng, Tuoli, Emin, 568503609a9SYuri Pankov# Shihezi, Changji, Yanqi, Heshuo, Tuokexun, Tulufan, Shanshan, Hami, 569503609a9SYuri Pankov# Fukang, Kuitun, Kumukuli, Miquan, Qitai, and Turfan. 570503609a9SYuri Pankov# 571503609a9SYuri Pankov# Kunlun Time UT +05:30 572dafc4501SDan McDonald# This region is now in the same status as Xin-zang Time (see above). 573503609a9SYuri Pankov# West Tibet, including Pulan, Aheqi, Shufu, Shule; 574503609a9SYuri Pankov# West Xinjiang, including Aksu, Atushi, Yining, Hetian, Cele, Luopu, Nileke, 575503609a9SYuri Pankov# Zhaosu, Tekesi, Gongliu, Chabuchaer, Huocheng, Bole, Pishan, Suiding, 576503609a9SYuri Pankov# and Yarkand. 577503609a9SYuri Pankov 578503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Luther Ma (2009-10-17): 579503609a9SYuri Pankov# Almost all (>99.9%) ethnic Chinese (properly ethnic Han) living in 580503609a9SYuri Pankov# Xinjiang use Chinese Standard Time. Some are aware of Xinjiang time, 581503609a9SYuri Pankov# but have no need of it. All planes, trains, and schools function on 582503609a9SYuri Pankov# what is called "Beijing time." When Han make an appointment in Chinese 583503609a9SYuri Pankov# they implicitly use Beijing time. 584503609a9SYuri Pankov# 585503609a9SYuri Pankov# On the other hand, ethnic Uyghurs, who make up about half the 586503609a9SYuri Pankov# population of Xinjiang, typically use "Xinjiang time" which is two 587503609a9SYuri Pankov# hours behind Beijing time, or UT +06. The government of the Xinjiang 588503609a9SYuri Pankov# Uyghur Autonomous Region, (XAUR, or just Xinjiang for short) as well as 589503609a9SYuri Pankov# local governments such as the Ürümqi city government use both times in 590503609a9SYuri Pankov# publications, referring to what is popularly called Xinjiang time as 591503609a9SYuri Pankov# "Ürümqi time." When Uyghurs make an appointment in the Uyghur language 592503609a9SYuri Pankov# they almost invariably use Xinjiang time. 593503609a9SYuri Pankov# 594503609a9SYuri Pankov# (Their ethnic Han compatriots would typically have no clue of its 595503609a9SYuri Pankov# widespread use, however, because so extremely few of them are fluent in 596503609a9SYuri Pankov# Uyghur, comparable to the number of Anglo-Americans fluent in Navajo.) 597503609a9SYuri Pankov# 598503609a9SYuri Pankov# (...As with the rest of China there was a brief interval ending in 1990 599503609a9SYuri Pankov# or 1991 when summer time was in use. The confusion was severe, with 600503609a9SYuri Pankov# the province not having dual times but four times in use at the same 601503609a9SYuri Pankov# time. Some areas remained on standard Xinjiang time or Beijing time and 602503609a9SYuri Pankov# others moving their clocks ahead.) 603503609a9SYuri Pankov 604503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Luther Ma (2009-11-19): 605503609a9SYuri Pankov# With the risk of being redundant to previous answers these are the most common 606503609a9SYuri Pankov# English "transliterations" (w/o using non-English symbols): 607503609a9SYuri Pankov# 608503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1. Wulumuqi... 609503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2. Kashi... 610503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3. Urumqi... 611503609a9SYuri Pankov# 4. Kashgar... 612503609a9SYuri Pankov# ... 613503609a9SYuri Pankov# 5. It seems that Uyghurs in Ürümqi has been using Xinjiang since at least the 614503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1960's. I know of one Han, now over 50, who grew up in the surrounding 615503609a9SYuri Pankov# countryside and used Xinjiang time as a child. 616503609a9SYuri Pankov# 617503609a9SYuri Pankov# 6. Likewise for Kashgar and the rest of south Xinjiang I don't know of any 618503609a9SYuri Pankov# start date for Xinjiang time. 619503609a9SYuri Pankov# 620503609a9SYuri Pankov# Without having access to local historical records, nor the ability to legally 621503609a9SYuri Pankov# publish them, I would go with October 1, 1949, when Xinjiang became the Uyghur 622503609a9SYuri Pankov# Autonomous Region under the PRC. (Before that Uyghurs, of course, would also 623503609a9SYuri Pankov# not be using Beijing time, but some local time.) 624503609a9SYuri Pankov 625503609a9SYuri Pankov# From David Cochrane (2014-03-26): 626503609a9SYuri Pankov# Just a confirmation that Ürümqi time was implemented in Ürümqi on 1 Feb 1986: 627b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,960684,00.html 628503609a9SYuri Pankov 629503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Luther Ma (2014-04-22): 630503609a9SYuri Pankov# I have interviewed numerous people of various nationalities and from 631503609a9SYuri Pankov# different localities in Xinjiang and can confirm the information in Guo's 632503609a9SYuri Pankov# report regarding Xinjiang, as well as the Time article reference by David 633503609a9SYuri Pankov# Cochrane. Whether officially recognized or not (and both are officially 634503609a9SYuri Pankov# recognized), two separate times have been in use in Xinjiang since at least 635503609a9SYuri Pankov# the Cultural Revolution: Xinjiang Time (XJT), aka Ürümqi Time or local time; 636503609a9SYuri Pankov# and Beijing Time. There is no confusion in Xinjiang as to which name refers 637503609a9SYuri Pankov# to which time. Both are widely used in the province, although in some 638503609a9SYuri Pankov# population groups might be use one to the exclusion of the other. The only 639503609a9SYuri Pankov# problem is that computers and smart phones list Ürümqi (or Kashgar) as 640503609a9SYuri Pankov# having the same time as Beijing. 641503609a9SYuri Pankov 642503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): 643503609a9SYuri Pankov# In the early days of the PRC, Tibet was given its own time zone (UT +06) 644503609a9SYuri Pankov# but this was withdrawn in 1959 and never reinstated; see Tubten Khétsun, 645503609a9SYuri Pankov# Memories of life in Lhasa under Chinese Rule, Columbia U Press, ISBN 646503609a9SYuri Pankov# 978-0231142861 (2008), translator's introduction by Matthew Akester, p x. 647503609a9SYuri Pankov# As this is before our 1970 cutoff, Tibet doesn't need a separate zone. 648503609a9SYuri Pankov# 649503609a9SYuri Pankov# Xinjiang Time is well-documented as being officially recognized. E.g., see 650503609a9SYuri Pankov# "The Working-Calendar for The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Government" 651503609a9SYuri Pankov# <http://www.sinkiang.gov.cn/service/ourworking/> (2014-04-22). 652503609a9SYuri Pankov# Unfortunately, we have no good records of time in Xinjiang before 1986. 653503609a9SYuri Pankov# During the 20th century parts of Xinjiang were ruled by the Qing dynasty, 654503609a9SYuri Pankov# the Republic of China, various warlords, the First and Second East Turkestan 655503609a9SYuri Pankov# Republics, the Soviet Union, the Kuomintang, and the People's Republic of 656503609a9SYuri Pankov# China, and tracking down all these organizations' timekeeping rules would be 657503609a9SYuri Pankov# quite a trick. Approximate this lost history by a transition from LMT to 658503609a9SYuri Pankov# UT +06 at the start of 1928, the year of accession of the warlord Jin Shuren, 659503609a9SYuri Pankov# which happens to be the date given by Shanks & Pottenger (no doubt as a 660503609a9SYuri Pankov# guess) as the transition from LMT. Ignore the usage of +08 before 661503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1986-02-01 under the theory that the transition date to +08 is unknown and 662503609a9SYuri Pankov# that the sort of users who prefer Asia/Urumqi now typically ignored the 663503609a9SYuri Pankov# +08 mandate back then. 664503609a9SYuri Pankov 665374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 666503609a9SYuri Pankov# Beijing time, used throughout China; represented by Shanghai. 667503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Shanghai 8:05:43 - LMT 1901 66805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 8:00 Shang C%sT 1949 May 28 669503609a9SYuri Pankov 8:00 PRC C%sT 670503609a9SYuri Pankov# Xinjiang time, used by many in western China; represented by Ürümqi / Ürümchi 671503609a9SYuri Pankov# / Wulumuqi. (Please use Asia/Shanghai if you prefer Beijing time.) 672503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Urumqi 5:50:20 - LMT 1928 673dafc4501SDan McDonald 6:00 - +06 674503609a9SYuri Pankov 675503609a9SYuri Pankov 6765254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# Hong Kong 677503609a9SYuri Pankov 678503609a9SYuri Pankov# Milne gives 7:36:41.7; round this. 679503609a9SYuri Pankov 680503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Lee Yiu Chung (2009-10-24): 681503609a9SYuri Pankov# I found there are some mistakes for the...DST rule for Hong 682503609a9SYuri Pankov# Kong. [According] to the DST record from Hong Kong Observatory (actually, 683503609a9SYuri Pankov# it is not [an] observatory, but the official meteorological agency of HK, 684503609a9SYuri Pankov# and also serves as the official timing agency), there are some missing 685503609a9SYuri Pankov# and incorrect rules. Although the exact switch over time is missing, I 6865254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# think 3:30 is correct. 687503609a9SYuri Pankov 688251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27): 689251a62bcSDominik Hassler# According to Singaporean newspaper 690251a62bcSDominik Hassler# http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/singfreepresswk19041102-1.2.37 691251a62bcSDominik Hassler# the day that Hong Kong start using GMT+8 should be Oct 30, 1904. 692251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 693251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-17): 694251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Hong Kong had a time ball near the Marine Police Station, Tsim Sha Tsui. 695251a62bcSDominik Hassler# "The ball was raised manually each day and dropped at exactly 1pm 696251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (except on Sundays and Government holidays)." 697251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Dyson AD. From Time Ball to Atomic Clock. Hong Kong Government. 1983. 698251a62bcSDominik Hassler# <https://www.hko.gov.hk/publica/gen_pub/timeball_atomic_clock.pdf> 699251a62bcSDominik Hassler# "From 1904 October 30 the time-ball at Hong Kong has been dropped by order 700251a62bcSDominik Hassler# of the Governor of the Colony at 17h 0m 0s G.M.T., which is 23m 18s.14 in 701251a62bcSDominik Hassler# advance of 1h 0m 0s of Hong Kong mean time." 702251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Hollis HP. Universal Time, Longitudes, and Geodesy. Mon Not R Astron Soc. 703251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 1905-02-10;65(4):405-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/65.4.382 704251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 705251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Joseph Myers (2018-11-18): 706251a62bcSDominik Hassler# An astronomer before 1925 referring to GMT would have been using the old 707251a62bcSDominik Hassler# astronomical convention where the day started at noon, not midnight. 708251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 709251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Steve Allen (2018-11-17): 710251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Meteorological Observations made at the Hongkong Observatory in the year 1904 711251a62bcSDominik Hassler# page 4 <https://books.google.com/books?id=kgw5AQAAMAAJ&pg=RA4-PA4> 712251a62bcSDominik Hassler# ... the log of drop times in Table II shows that on Sunday 1904-10-30 the 713251a62bcSDominik Hassler# ball was dropped. So that looks like a special case drop for the sake 714251a62bcSDominik Hassler# of broadcasting the new local time. 715251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 716251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Phake Nick (2018-11-18): 717251a62bcSDominik Hassler# According to The Hong Kong Weekly Press, 1904-10-29, p.324, the 718251a62bcSDominik Hassler# governor of Hong Kong at the time stated that "We are further desired to 719251a62bcSDominik Hassler# make it known that the change will be effected by firing the gun and by the 720251a62bcSDominik Hassler# dropping of the Ball at 23min. 18sec. before one." 721251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18): 722251a62bcSDominik Hassler# See <https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk> for this; unfortunately Flash is required. 723251a62bcSDominik Hassler 724251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Phake Nick (2018-10-26): 725251a62bcSDominik Hassler# I went to check microfilm records stored at Hong Kong Public Library.... 726251a62bcSDominik Hassler# on September 30 1941, according to Ta Kung Pao (Hong Kong edition), it was 727251a62bcSDominik Hassler# stated that fallback would occur on the next day (the 1st)'s "03:00 am (Hong 728251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Kong Time 04:00 am)" and the clock will fall back for a half hour. (03:00 729251a62bcSDominik Hassler# probably refer to the time commonly used in mainland China at the time given 730251a62bcSDominik Hassler# the paper's background) ... the sunrise/sunset time given by South China 731251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Morning Post for October 1st was indeed moved by half an hour compares to 732251a62bcSDominik Hassler# before. After that, in December, the battle to capture Hong Kong started and 733251a62bcSDominik Hassler# the library doesn't seems to have any record stored about press during that 734251a62bcSDominik Hassler# period of time. Some media resumed publication soon after that within the 735251a62bcSDominik Hassler# same month, but there were not much information about time there. Later they 736251a62bcSDominik Hassler# started including a radio program guide when they restored radio service, 737251a62bcSDominik Hassler# explicitly mentioning it use Tokyo standard time, and later added a note 738251a62bcSDominik Hassler# saying it's half an hour ahead of the old Hong Kong standard time, and it 739251a62bcSDominik Hassler# also seems to indicate that Hong Kong was not using GMT+8 when it was 740251a62bcSDominik Hassler# captured by Japan. 741251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 742251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Image of related sections on newspaper: 743251a62bcSDominik Hassler# * 1941-09-30, Ta Kung Pao (Hong Kong), "Winter Time start tomorrow". 744251a62bcSDominik Hassler# https://i.imgur.com/6waY51Z.jpg (Chinese) 745251a62bcSDominik Hassler# * 1941-09-29, South China Morning Post, Information on sunrise/sunset 746251a62bcSDominik Hassler# time and other things for September 30 and October 1. 747251a62bcSDominik Hassler# https://i.imgur.com/kCiUR78.jpg 748251a62bcSDominik Hassler# * 1942-02-05. The Hong Kong News, Radio Program Guide. 749251a62bcSDominik Hassler# https://i.imgur.com/eVvDMzS.jpg 750251a62bcSDominik Hassler# * 1941-06-14. Hong Kong Daily Press, Daylight Saving from 3am Tomorrow. 751251a62bcSDominik Hassler# https://i.imgur.com/05KkvtC.png 752251a62bcSDominik Hassler# * 1941-09-30, Hong Kong Daily Press, Winter Time Warning. 753251a62bcSDominik Hassler# https://i.imgur.com/dge4kFJ.png 754251a62bcSDominik Hassler 755374df668SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-11): 756374df668SAndy Fiddaman# "Hong Kong winter time" is considered to be daylight saving. 757374df668SAndy Fiddaman# "Hong Kong had adopted daylight saving on June 15 as a wartime measure, 758374df668SAndy Fiddaman# clocks moving forward one hour until October 1, when they would be put back 759374df668SAndy Fiddaman# by just half an hour for 'Hong Kong Winter time', so that daylight saving 760374df668SAndy Fiddaman# operated year round." -- Low Z. The longest day: when wartime Hong Kong 761374df668SAndy Fiddaman# introduced daylight saving. South China Morning Post. 2019-06-28. 762374df668SAndy Fiddaman# https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/short-reads/article/3016281/longest-day-when-wartime-hong-kong-introduced 763374df668SAndy Fiddaman 764374df668SAndy Fiddaman# From P Chan (2018-12-31): 765374df668SAndy Fiddaman# * According to the Hong Kong Daylight-Saving Regulations, 1941, the 766374df668SAndy Fiddaman# 1941 spring-forward transition was at 03:00. 767374df668SAndy Fiddaman# http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkgro/view/g1941/304271.pdf 768374df668SAndy Fiddaman# http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkgro/view/g1941/305516.pdf 769374df668SAndy Fiddaman# * According to some articles from South China Morning Post, +08 was 770374df668SAndy Fiddaman# resumed on 1945-11-18 at 02:00. 771374df668SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/M2IsZ3c.png 772374df668SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/iOPqrVo.png 773374df668SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/fffcGDs.png 774374df668SAndy Fiddaman# * Some newspapers ... said the 1946 spring-forward transition was on 775374df668SAndy Fiddaman# 04-21 at 00:00. The Kung Sheung Evening News 1946-04-20 (Chinese) 776374df668SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/ZSzent0.png 777374df668SAndy Fiddaman# https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk///c/portal/cover?c=QF757YsWv5%2FH7zGe%2FKF%2BFLYsuqGhRBfe p.4 778374df668SAndy Fiddaman# The Kung Sheung Daily News 1946-04-21 (Chinese) 779374df668SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/7ecmRlcm.png 780374df668SAndy Fiddaman# https://mmis.hkpl.gov.hk///c/portal/cover?c=QF757YsWv5%2BQBGt1%2BwUj5qG2GqtwR3Wh p.4 781374df668SAndy Fiddaman# * According to the Summer Time Ordinance (1946), the fallback 782374df668SAndy Fiddaman# transitions between 1946 and 1952 were at 03:30 Standard Time (+08) 783374df668SAndy Fiddaman# http://oelawhk.lib.hku.hk/archive/files/bb74b06a74d5294620a15de560ab33c6.pdf 784374df668SAndy Fiddaman# * Some other laws and regulations related to DST from 1953 to 1979 785374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Summer Time Ordinance 1953 786374df668SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/IOlJMav.jpg 787374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Summer Time (Amendment) Ordinance 1965 788374df668SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/8rofeLa.jpg 789374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance (1966) 790374df668SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/joy3msj.jpg 791374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Emergency (Summer Time) Regulation 1973 <https://i.imgur.com/OpRWrKz.jpg> 792374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Interpretation and General Clauses (Amendment) Ordinance 1977 793374df668SAndy Fiddaman# https://i.imgur.com/RaNqnc4.jpg 794374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Resolution of the Legislative Council passed on 9 May 1979 795374df668SAndy Fiddaman# https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr78-79/english/lc_sitg/hansard/h790509.pdf#page=39 796374df668SAndy Fiddaman 7975254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2020-04-15): 798503609a9SYuri Pankov# Here are the dates given at 7995254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# https://www.hko.gov.hk/en/gts/time/Summertime.htm 8005254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# as of 2020-02-10: 801503609a9SYuri Pankov# Year Period 802251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 1941 15 Jun to 30 Sep 803503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1942 Whole year 804503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1943 Whole year 805503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1944 Whole year 806503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1945 Whole year 807503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1946 20 Apr to 1 Dec 808374df668SAndy Fiddaman# 1947 13 Apr to 30 Nov 809503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1948 2 May to 31 Oct 810503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1949 3 Apr to 30 Oct 811503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1950 2 Apr to 29 Oct 812503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1951 1 Apr to 28 Oct 813251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 1952 6 Apr to 2 Nov 814503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1953 5 Apr to 1 Nov 815503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1954 21 Mar to 31 Oct 816503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1955 20 Mar to 6 Nov 817503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1956 18 Mar to 4 Nov 818503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1957 24 Mar to 3 Nov 819503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1958 23 Mar to 2 Nov 820503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1959 22 Mar to 1 Nov 821503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1960 20 Mar to 6 Nov 822503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1961 19 Mar to 5 Nov 823503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1962 18 Mar to 4 Nov 824503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1963 24 Mar to 3 Nov 825503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1964 22 Mar to 1 Nov 826503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1965 18 Apr to 17 Oct 827503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1966 17 Apr to 16 Oct 828503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1967 16 Apr to 22 Oct 829503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1968 21 Apr to 20 Oct 830503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1969 20 Apr to 19 Oct 831503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1970 19 Apr to 18 Oct 832503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1971 18 Apr to 17 Oct 833503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1972 16 Apr to 22 Oct 834503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1973 22 Apr to 21 Oct 835503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1973/74 30 Dec 73 to 20 Oct 74 836503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1975 20 Apr to 19 Oct 837503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1976 18 Apr to 17 Oct 838503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1977 Nil 839503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1978 Nil 840503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1979 13 May to 21 Oct 841503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1980 to Now Nil 842251a62bcSDominik Hassler# The page does not give times of day for transitions, 843251a62bcSDominik Hassler# or dates for the 1942 and 1945 transitions. 844251a62bcSDominik Hassler# The Japanese occupation of Hong Kong began 1941-12-25. 845503609a9SYuri Pankov 846f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 847374df668SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1946 only - Apr 21 0:00 1:00 S 848374df668SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1946 only - Dec 1 3:30s 0 - 849374df668SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1947 only - Apr 13 3:30s 1:00 S 850374df668SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1947 only - Nov 30 3:30s 0 - 851374df668SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1948 only - May 2 3:30s 1:00 S 852374df668SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1948 1952 - Oct Sun>=28 3:30s 0 - 853503609a9SYuri PankovRule HK 1949 1953 - Apr Sun>=1 3:30 1:00 S 854374df668SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1953 1964 - Oct Sun>=31 3:30 0 - 855503609a9SYuri PankovRule HK 1954 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 3:30 1:00 S 856503609a9SYuri PankovRule HK 1965 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 3:30 1:00 S 857503609a9SYuri PankovRule HK 1965 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 3:30 0 - 858503609a9SYuri PankovRule HK 1973 only - Dec 30 3:30 1:00 S 859374df668SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1979 only - May 13 3:30 1:00 S 860374df668SAndy FiddamanRule HK 1979 only - Oct 21 3:30 0 - 861374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 862251a62bcSDominik HasslerZone Asia/Hong_Kong 7:36:42 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 0:36:42 863374df668SAndy Fiddaman 8:00 - HKT 1941 Jun 15 3:00 864251a62bcSDominik Hassler 8:00 1:00 HKST 1941 Oct 1 4:00 865374df668SAndy Fiddaman 8:00 0:30 HKWT 1941 Dec 25 866374df668SAndy Fiddaman 9:00 - JST 1945 Nov 18 2:00 867503609a9SYuri Pankov 8:00 HK HK%sT 868503609a9SYuri Pankov 869503609a9SYuri Pankov############################################################################### 870503609a9SYuri Pankov 871503609a9SYuri Pankov# Taiwan 872503609a9SYuri Pankov 873503609a9SYuri Pankov# From smallufo (2010-04-03): 874503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to Taiwan's CWB [Central Weather Bureau], 875503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V6/astronomy/cdata/summert.htm 876503609a9SYuri Pankov# Taipei has DST in 1979 between July 1st and Sep 30. 877503609a9SYuri Pankov 878503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12): 879503609a9SYuri Pankov# On Dec 28, 1895, the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of 880503609a9SYuri Pankov# Meiji Year 28 "The clause about standard time", mentioned that 881503609a9SYuri Pankov# Taiwan and Penghu Islands, as well as Yaeyama and Miyako Islands 882503609a9SYuri Pankov# (both in Okinawa) adopt the Western Standard Time which is based on 883503609a9SYuri Pankov# 120E. The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. The original text can be 884503609a9SYuri Pankov# found on Wikisource: 885b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時) 886503609a9SYuri Pankov# ... This could be the first adoption of time zone in Taiwan, because 887503609a9SYuri Pankov# during the Qing Dynasty, it seems that there was no time zone 888503609a9SYuri Pankov# declared officially. 889503609a9SYuri Pankov# 890503609a9SYuri Pankov# Later, in the beginning of World War II, on Sep 25, 1937, the Showa 891503609a9SYuri Pankov# Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 "The clause of 892503609a9SYuri Pankov# revision in the ordinance No. 167 of Meiji year 28 about standard 893503609a9SYuri Pankov# time", in which abolished the adoption of Western Standard Time in 894503609a9SYuri Pankov# western islands (listed above), which means the whole Japan 895503609a9SYuri Pankov# territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan Central Time 8964b8ee424SYuri Pankov# (UT+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. The original text can 897503609a9SYuri Pankov# be found on Wikisource: 898b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件 899503609a9SYuri Pankov# 9004b8ee424SYuri Pankov# That is, the time zone of Taipei switched to UT+9 on Oct 1, 1937. 901503609a9SYuri Pankov 902503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02): 9034b8ee424SYuri Pankov# I've found more evidence about when the time zone was switched from UT+9 9044b8ee424SYuri Pankov# back to UT+8 after WW2. I believe it was on Sep 21, 1945. In a document 905503609a9SYuri Pankov# during Japanese era [1] in which the officer told the staff to change time 9064b8ee424SYuri Pankov# zone back to Western Standard Time (UT+8) on Sep 21. And in another 907503609a9SYuri Pankov# history page of National Cheng Kung University [2], on Sep 21 there is a 908503609a9SYuri Pankov# note "from today, switch back to Western Standard Time". From these two 909503609a9SYuri Pankov# materials, I believe that the time zone change happened on Sep 21. And 910503609a9SYuri Pankov# today I have found another monthly journal called "The Astronomical Herald" 911503609a9SYuri Pankov# from The Astronomical Society of Japan [3] in which it mentioned the fact 912503609a9SYuri Pankov# that: 913503609a9SYuri Pankov# 914503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1. Standard Time of the Country (Japan) was adopted on Jan 1, 1888, using 915503609a9SYuri Pankov# the time at 135E (GMT+9) 916503609a9SYuri Pankov# 917503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2. Standard Time of the Country was renamed to Central Standard Time, on Jan 918503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1, 1898, and on the same day, the new territories Taiwan and Penghu islands, 919503609a9SYuri Pankov# as well as Yaeyama and Miyako islands, adopted a new time zone called 920503609a9SYuri Pankov# Western Standard Time, which is in GMT+8. 921503609a9SYuri Pankov# 922503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3. Western Standard Time was deprecated on Sep 30, 1937. From then all the 923503609a9SYuri Pankov# territories of Japan adopted the same time zone, which is Central Standard 924503609a9SYuri Pankov# Time. 925503609a9SYuri Pankov# 926503609a9SYuri Pankov# [1] Academica Historica, Taiwan: 927503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://163.29.208.22:8080/govsaleShowImage/connect_img.php?s=00101738900090036&e=00101738900090037 928503609a9SYuri Pankov# [2] Nat'l Cheng Kung University 70th Anniversary Special Site: 929503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.ncku.edu.tw/~ncku70/menu/001/01_01.htm 930503609a9SYuri Pankov# [3] Yukio Niimi, The Standard Time in Japan (1997), p.475: 931503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.asj.or.jp/geppou/archive_open/1997/pdf/19971001c.pdf 932503609a9SYuri Pankov 933503609a9SYuri Pankov# Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-03): 934503609a9SYuri Pankov# I finally have found the real official gazette about changing back to 935503609a9SYuri Pankov# Western Standard Time on Sep 21 in Taiwan. It's Taiwan Governor-General 936503609a9SYuri Pankov# Bulletin No. 386 in Showa 20 years (1945), published on Sep 19, 1945. [1] ... 937503609a9SYuri Pankov# [It] abolishes Bulletin No. 207 in Showa 12 years (1937), which is a local 938503609a9SYuri Pankov# bulletin in Taiwan for that Ordinance No. 529. It also mentioned that 1am on 939503609a9SYuri Pankov# Sep 21, 1945 will be 12am on Sep 21. I think this bulletin is much more 940503609a9SYuri Pankov# official than the one I mentioned in my first mail, because it's from the 941503609a9SYuri Pankov# top-level government in Taiwan. If you're going to quote any resource, this 942503609a9SYuri Pankov# would be a good one. 943503609a9SYuri Pankov# [1] Taiwan Governor-General Gazette, No. 1018, Sep 19, 1945: 944503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://db2.th.gov.tw/db2/view/viewImg.php?imgcode=0072031018a&num=19&bgn=019&end=019&otherImg=&type=gener 945503609a9SYuri Pankov 946503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2014-07-02): 947503609a9SYuri Pankov# In 1946, DST in Taiwan was from May 15 and ended on Sep 30. The info from 948503609a9SYuri Pankov# Central Weather Bureau website was not correct. 949503609a9SYuri Pankov# 950503609a9SYuri Pankov# Original Bulletin: 951503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=03502F0AKM1AF 952503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0350300AKM1B0 (cont.) 953503609a9SYuri Pankov# 954503609a9SYuri Pankov# In 1947, DST in Taiwan was expanded to Oct 31. There is a backup of that 955503609a9SYuri Pankov# telegram announcement from Taiwan Province Government: 956503609a9SYuri Pankov# 957503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://subtpg.tpg.gov.tw/og/image2.asp?f=0360310AKZ431 958503609a9SYuri Pankov# 959503609a9SYuri Pankov# Here is a brief translation: 960503609a9SYuri Pankov# 961503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Summer Time this year is adopted from midnight Apr 15 until Sep 20 962503609a9SYuri Pankov# midnight. To save (energy?) consumption, we're expanding Summer Time 963503609a9SYuri Pankov# adoption till Oct 31 midnight. 964503609a9SYuri Pankov# 965503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Central Weather Bureau website didn't mention that, however it can 966503609a9SYuri Pankov# be found from historical government announcement database. 967503609a9SYuri Pankov 968503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-03): 969503609a9SYuri Pankov# As per Yu-Cheng Chuang, say that Taiwan was at UT +09 from 1937-10-01 970503609a9SYuri Pankov# until 1945-09-21 at 01:00, overriding Shanks & Pottenger. 971503609a9SYuri Pankov# Likewise, use Yu-Cheng Chuang's data for DST in Taiwan. 972503609a9SYuri Pankov 973f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 974503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1946 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 D 975503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 976503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1947 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 D 977503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1947 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 978503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1948 1951 - May 1 0:00 1:00 D 979503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1948 1951 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 980503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1952 only - Mar 1 0:00 1:00 D 981503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1952 1954 - Nov 1 0:00 0 S 982503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1953 1959 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 983503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1955 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 984503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1960 1961 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 985503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 986503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1974 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 987503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1979 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 D 988503609a9SYuri PankovRule Taiwan 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S 989503609a9SYuri Pankov 990374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 991503609a9SYuri Pankov# Taipei or Taibei or T'ai-pei 992503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Taipei 8:06:00 - LMT 1896 Jan 1 993dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 - CST 1937 Oct 1 994503609a9SYuri Pankov 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 21 1:00 995503609a9SYuri Pankov 8:00 Taiwan C%sT 996503609a9SYuri Pankov 997503609a9SYuri Pankov# Macau (Macao, Aomen) 99805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 99905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# From P Chan (2018-05-10): 100005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# * LegisMac 100105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# http://legismac.safp.gov.mo/legismac/descqry/Descqry.jsf?lang=pt 100205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# A database for searching titles of legal documents of Macau in 100305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# Chinese and Portuguese. The term "HORÁRIO DE VERÃO" can be used for 100405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# searching decrees about summer time. 100505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# * Archives of Macao 100605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# http://www.archives.gov.mo/en/bo/ 100705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# It contains images of old official gazettes. 100805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# * The Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau have a page listing the 100905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# summer time history. But it is not complete and has some mistakes. 101005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# http://www.smg.gov.mo/smg/geophysics/e_t_Summer%20Time.htm 101105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# Macau adopted GMT+8 on 30 Oct 1904 to follow Hong Kong. Clocks were 101205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# advanced by 25 minutes and 50 seconds. Which means the LMT used was 101305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# +7:34:10. As stated in the "Portaria No. 204" dated 21 October 1904 101405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# and published in the Official Gazette on 29 October 1904. 101505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# http://igallery.icm.gov.mo/Images/Archives/BO/MO_AH_PUB_BO_1904_10/MO_AH_PUB_BO_1904_10_00025_Grey.JPG 101605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 101705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# Therefore the 1911 decree of Portugal did not change time in Macau. 101805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 101905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# From LegisMac, here is a list of decrees that changed the time ... 102005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# [Decree Gazette-no. date; titles omitted in this quotation] 102105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# DIL 732 BOCM 51 1941.12.20 102205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# DIL 764 BOCM 9S 1942.04.30 102305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# DIL 781 BOCM 21 1942.10.10 102405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 3434 BOCM 8S 1943.04.17 102505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 3504 BOCM 20 1943.09.25 102605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 3843 BOCM 39 1945.09.29 102705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 3961 BOCM 17 1946.04.27 102805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 4026 BOCM 39 1946.09.28 102905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 4153 BOCM 16 1947.04.10 103005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 4271 BOCM 48 1947.11.29 103105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 4374 BOCM 18 1948.05.01 103205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 4465 BOCM 44 1948.10.30 103305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 4590 BOCM 14 1949.04.02 103405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 4666 BOCM 44 1949.10.29 103505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 4771 BOCM 12 1950.03.25 103605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 4838 BOCM 43 1950.10.28 103705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 4946 BOCM 12 1951.03.24 103805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 5025 BO 43 1951.10.27 103905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 5149 BO 14 1952.04.05 104005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 5251 BO 43 1952.10.25 104105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 5366 BO 13 1953.03.28 104205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 5444 BO 44 1953.10.31 104305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 5540 BO 12 1954.03.20 104405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 5589 BO 44 1954.10.30 104505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 5676 BO 12 1955.03.19 104605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 5739 BO 45 1955.11.05 104705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 5823 BO 11 1956.03.17 104805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 5891 BO 44 1956.11.03 104905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 5981 BO 12 1957.03.23 105005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 6064 BO 43 1957.10.26 105105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 6172 BO 12 1958.03.22 105205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 6243 BO 43 1958.10.25 105305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 6341 BO 12 1959.03.21 105405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 6411 BO 43 1959.10.24 105505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 6514 BO 11 1960.03.12 105605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 6584 BO 44 1960.10.29 105705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 6721 BO 10 1961.03.11 105805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 6815 BO 43 1961.10.28 105905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 6947 BO 10 1962.03.10 106005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 7080 BO 43 1962.10.27 106105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 7218 BO 12 1963.03.23 106205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 7340 BO 43 1963.10.26 106305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 7491 BO 11 1964.03.14 106405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 7664 BO 43 1964.10.24 106505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 7846 BO 15 1965.04.10 106605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 7979 BO 42 1965.10.16 106705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 8146 BO 15 1966.04.09 106805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 8252 BO 41 1966.10.08 106905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 8429 BO 15 1967.04.15 107005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 8540 BO 41 1967.10.14 107105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 8735 BO 15 1968.04.13 107205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 8860 BO 41 1968.10.12 107305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 9035 BO 16 1969.04.19 107405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 9156 BO 42 1969.10.18 107505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 9328 BO 15 1970.04.11 107605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 9418 BO 41 1970.10.10 107705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 9587 BO 14 1971.04.03 107805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 9702 BO 41 1971.10.09 107905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 38-A/72 BO 14 1972.04.01 108005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 126-A/72 BO 41 1972.10.07 108105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 61/73 BO 14 1973.04.07 108205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 182/73 BO 40 1973.10.06 108305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 282/73 BO 51 1973.12.22 108405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 177/74 BO 41 1974.10.12 108505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 51/75 BO 15 1975.04.12 108605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 173/75 BO 41 1975.10.11 108705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 67/76/M BO 14 1976.04.03 108805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 169/76/M BO 41 1976.10.09 108905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 78/79/M BO 19 1979.05.12 109005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# PT 166/79/M BO 42 1979.10.20 109105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# Note that DIL 732 does not belong to "HORÁRIO DE VERÃO" according to 109205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# LegisMac.... Note that between 1942 and 1945, the time switched 109305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# between GMT+9 and GMT+10. Also in 1965 and 1965 the DST ended at 2:30am. 109405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 109505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2018-05-10): 109605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# The 1904 decree says that Macau changed from the meridian of 109705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# Fortaleza do Monte, presumably the basis for the 7:34:10 for LMT. 109805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 1099f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 110005e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1942 1943 - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 - 110105e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1942 only - Nov 17 23:00 0 - 110205e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1943 only - Sep 30 23:00 0 S 110305e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1946 only - Apr 30 23:00s 1:00 D 110405e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1946 only - Sep 30 23:00s 0 S 110505e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1947 only - Apr 19 23:00s 1:00 D 110605e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1947 only - Nov 30 23:00s 0 S 110705e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1948 only - May 2 23:00s 1:00 D 110805e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1948 only - Oct 31 23:00s 0 S 110905e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1949 1950 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 D 111005e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1949 1950 - Oct lastSat 23:00s 0 S 111105e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1951 only - Mar 31 23:00s 1:00 D 111205e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1951 only - Oct 28 23:00s 0 S 111305e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1952 1953 - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 D 111405e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1952 only - Nov 1 23:00s 0 S 111505e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1953 1954 - Oct lastSat 23:00s 0 S 111605e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1954 1956 - Mar Sat>=17 23:00s 1:00 D 111705e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1955 only - Nov 5 23:00s 0 S 111805e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1956 1964 - Nov Sun>=1 03:30 0 S 111905e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1957 1964 - Mar Sun>=18 03:30 1:00 D 112005e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1965 1973 - Apr Sun>=16 03:30 1:00 D 112105e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1965 1966 - Oct Sun>=16 02:30 0 S 112205e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1967 1976 - Oct Sun>=16 03:30 0 S 112305e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1973 only - Dec 30 03:30 1:00 D 112405e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1975 1976 - Apr Sun>=16 03:30 1:00 D 112505e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1979 only - May 13 03:30 1:00 D 112605e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Macau 1979 only - Oct Sun>=16 03:30 0 S 112705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 1128374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 112905e627dcSAndy FiddamanZone Asia/Macau 7:34:10 - LMT 1904 Oct 30 113005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 8:00 - CST 1941 Dec 21 23:00 113105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 9:00 Macau +09/+10 1945 Sep 30 24:00 1132dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 Macau C%sT 1133503609a9SYuri Pankov 1134503609a9SYuri Pankov 1135503609a9SYuri Pankov############################################################################### 1136503609a9SYuri Pankov 1137503609a9SYuri Pankov# Cyprus 1138dafc4501SDan McDonald 1139503609a9SYuri Pankov# Milne says the Eastern Telegraph Company used 2:14:00. Stick with LMT. 1140dafc4501SDan McDonald# IATA SSIM (1998-09) has Cyprus using EU rules for the first time. 1141dafc4501SDan McDonald 1142dafc4501SDan McDonald# From Paul Eggert (2016-09-09): 1143dafc4501SDan McDonald# Yesterday's Cyprus Mail reports that Northern Cyprus followed Turkey's 1144dafc4501SDan McDonald# lead and switched from +02/+03 to +03 year-round. 1145dafc4501SDan McDonald# http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/09/08/two-time-zones-cyprus-turkey-will-not-turn-clocks-back-next-month/ 1146503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1147dafc4501SDan McDonald# From Even Scharning (2016-10-31): 1148dafc4501SDan McDonald# Looks like the time zone split in Cyprus went through last night. 1149dafc4501SDan McDonald# http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/10/30/cyprus-new-division-two-time-zones-now-reality/ 1150dafc4501SDan McDonald 1151b654b02dSYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18): 1152b654b02dSYuri Pankov# Northern Cyprus will reinstate winter time on October 29, thus 1153b654b02dSYuri Pankov# staying in sync with the rest of Cyprus. See: Anastasiou A. 1154b654b02dSYuri Pankov# Cyprus to remain united in time. Cyprus Mail 2017-10-17. 1155b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://cyprus-mail.com/2017/10/17/cyprus-remain-united-time/ 1156b654b02dSYuri Pankov 1157f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1158503609a9SYuri PankovRule Cyprus 1975 only - Apr 13 0:00 1:00 S 1159503609a9SYuri PankovRule Cyprus 1975 only - Oct 12 0:00 0 - 1160503609a9SYuri PankovRule Cyprus 1976 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 S 1161503609a9SYuri PankovRule Cyprus 1976 only - Oct 11 0:00 0 - 1162503609a9SYuri PankovRule Cyprus 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S 1163503609a9SYuri PankovRule Cyprus 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 1164503609a9SYuri PankovRule Cyprus 1978 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - 1165503609a9SYuri PankovRule Cyprus 1979 1997 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 1166503609a9SYuri PankovRule Cyprus 1981 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1167374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1168503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Nicosia 2:13:28 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 1169503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 1170503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 1171dafc4501SDan McDonaldZone Asia/Famagusta 2:15:48 - LMT 1921 Nov 14 1172dafc4501SDan McDonald 2:00 Cyprus EE%sT 1998 Sep 1173dafc4501SDan McDonald 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 2016 Sep 8 1174b654b02dSYuri Pankov 3:00 - +03 2017 Oct 29 1:00u 1175b654b02dSYuri Pankov 2:00 EUAsia EE%sT 1176503609a9SYuri Pankov 1177503609a9SYuri Pankov# Classically, Cyprus belongs to Asia; e.g. see Herodotus, Histories, I.72. 1178503609a9SYuri Pankov# However, for various reasons many users expect to find it under Europe. 1179503609a9SYuri PankovLink Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia 1180503609a9SYuri Pankov 1181503609a9SYuri Pankov# Georgia 1182503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-19): 1183503609a9SYuri Pankov# Today's _Economist_ (p 60) reports that Georgia moved its clocks forward 1184503609a9SYuri Pankov# an hour recently, due to a law proposed by Zurab Murvanidze, 1185503609a9SYuri Pankov# an MP who went on a hunger strike for 11 days to force discussion about it! 1186503609a9SYuri Pankov# We have no details, but we'll guess they didn't move the clocks back in fall. 1187503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1188503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Mathew Englander, quoting AP (1996-10-23 13:05-04): 1189503609a9SYuri Pankov# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia 1190503609a9SYuri Pankov# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy, 1191503609a9SYuri Pankov# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday. 1192503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1193503609a9SYuri Pankov# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27): 1194503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1195503609a9SYuri Pankov# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet 1196503609a9SYuri Pankov# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it 1197503609a9SYuri Pankov# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours 1198503609a9SYuri Pankov# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia, 1199503609a9SYuri Pankov# Mikheil Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process 1200503609a9SYuri Pankov# of integration into Europe. 1201503609a9SYuri Pankov 1202503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Teimuraz Abashidze (2005-11-07): 1203503609a9SYuri Pankov# Government of Georgia ... decided to NOT CHANGE daylight savings time on 1204503609a9SYuri Pankov# [Oct.] 30, as it was done before during last more than 10 years. 1205503609a9SYuri Pankov# Currently, we are in fact GMT +4:00, as before 30 October it was GMT 1206503609a9SYuri Pankov# +3:00.... The problem is, there is NO FORMAL LAW or governmental document 1207503609a9SYuri Pankov# about it. As far as I can find, I was told, that there is no document, 1208503609a9SYuri Pankov# because we just DIDN'T ISSUE document about switching to winter time.... 1209503609a9SYuri Pankov# I don't know what can be done, especially knowing that some years ago our 1210503609a9SYuri Pankov# DST rules where changed THREE TIMES during one month. 1211503609a9SYuri Pankov 1212503609a9SYuri Pankov# Milne 1899 says Tbilisi (Tiflis) time was 2:59:05.7. 1213503609a9SYuri Pankov# Byalokoz 1919 says Georgia was 2:59:11. 1214503609a9SYuri Pankov# Go with Byalokoz. 1215503609a9SYuri Pankov 1216374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1217503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:11 - LMT 1880 1218503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:59:11 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time 1219503609a9SYuri Pankov 3:00 - +03 1957 Mar 1220503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 1221503609a9SYuri Pankov 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 1992 1222503609a9SYuri Pankov 3:00 E-EurAsia +03/+04 1994 Sep lastSun 1223503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 E-EurAsia +04/+05 1996 Oct lastSun 1224503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 1:00 +05 1997 Mar lastSun 1225503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 E-EurAsia +04/+05 2004 Jun 27 1226503609a9SYuri Pankov 3:00 RussiaAsia +03/+04 2005 Mar lastSun 2:00 1227503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 - +04 1228503609a9SYuri Pankov 1229503609a9SYuri Pankov# East Timor 1230503609a9SYuri Pankov 1231503609a9SYuri Pankov# See Indonesia for the 1945 transition. 1232503609a9SYuri Pankov 1233503609a9SYuri Pankov# From João Carrascalão, brother of the former governor of East Timor, in 1234503609a9SYuri Pankov# East Timor may be late for its millennium 1235b654b02dSYuri Pankov# <https://etan.org/et99c/december/26-31/30ETMAY.htm> (1999-12-26/31): 1236503609a9SYuri Pankov# Portugal tried to change the time forward in 1974 because the sun 1237503609a9SYuri Pankov# rises too early but the suggestion raised a lot of problems with the 1238503609a9SYuri Pankov# Timorese and I still don't think it would work today because it 1239503609a9SYuri Pankov# conflicts with their way of life. 1240503609a9SYuri Pankov 1241503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04): 1242503609a9SYuri Pankov# We don't have any record of the above attempt. 1243503609a9SYuri Pankov# Most likely our records are incomplete, but we have no better data. 1244503609a9SYuri Pankov 1245503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Manoel de Almeida e Silva, Deputy Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General 1246503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.hri.org/news/world/undh/2000/00-08-16.undh.html 1247503609a9SYuri Pankov# (2000-08-16): 1248503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Cabinet of the East Timor Transition Administration decided 1249503609a9SYuri Pankov# today to advance East Timor's time by one hour. The time change, 1250503609a9SYuri Pankov# which will be permanent, with no seasonal adjustment, will happen at 1251503609a9SYuri Pankov# midnight on Saturday, September 16. 1252503609a9SYuri Pankov 1253374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1254503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 1255dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1942 Feb 21 23:00 1256dafc4501SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1976 May 3 1257dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 2000 Sep 17 0:00 1258dafc4501SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1259503609a9SYuri Pankov 1260503609a9SYuri Pankov# India 1261503609a9SYuri Pankov 1262251a62bcSDominik Hassler# British astronomer Henry Park Hollis disliked India Standard Time's offset: 1263251a62bcSDominik Hassler# "A new time system has been proposed for India, Further India, and Burmah. 1264251a62bcSDominik Hassler# The scheme suggested is that the times of the meridians 5½ and 6½ hours 1265251a62bcSDominik Hassler# east of Greenwich should be adopted in these territories. No reason is 1266251a62bcSDominik Hassler# given why hourly meridians five hours and six hours east should not be 1267251a62bcSDominik Hassler# chosen; a plan which would bring the time of India into harmony with 1268251a62bcSDominik Hassler# that of almost the whole of the civilised world." 1269251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Hollis HP. Universal Time, Longitudes, and Geodesy. Mon Not R Astron Soc. 1270251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 1905-02-10;65(4):405-6. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/65.4.382 1271251a62bcSDominik Hassler 1272503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Ian P. Beacock, in "A brief history of (modern) time", The Atlantic 1273b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2015/12/the-creation-of-modern-time/421419/ 1274503609a9SYuri Pankov# (2015-12-22): 1275503609a9SYuri Pankov# In January 1906, several thousand cotton-mill workers rioted on the 1276503609a9SYuri Pankov# outskirts of Bombay.... They were protesting the proposed abolition of 1277503609a9SYuri Pankov# local time in favor of Indian Standard Time.... Journalists called this 1278503609a9SYuri Pankov# dispute the "Battle of the Clocks." It lasted nearly half a century. 1279503609a9SYuri Pankov 1280b654b02dSYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-20): 1281b654b02dSYuri Pankov# Good luck trying to nail down old timekeeping records in India. 1282b654b02dSYuri Pankov# "... in the nineteenth century ... Madras Observatory took its magnetic 1283b654b02dSYuri Pankov# measurements on Göttingen time, its meteorological measurements on Madras 1284b654b02dSYuri Pankov# (local) time, dropped its time ball on Greenwich (ocean navigator's) time, 1285b654b02dSYuri Pankov# and distributed civil (local time)." -- Bartky IR. Selling the true time: 1286b654b02dSYuri Pankov# 19th-century timekeeping in america. Stanford U Press (2000), 247 note 19. 1287b654b02dSYuri Pankov# "A more potent cause of resistance to the general adoption of the present 1288b654b02dSYuri Pankov# standard time lies in the fact that it is Madras time. The citizen of 1289b654b02dSYuri Pankov# Bombay, proud of being 'primus in Indis' and of Calcutta, equally proud of 1290b654b02dSYuri Pankov# his city being the Capital of India, and - for a part of the year - the Seat 1291b654b02dSYuri Pankov# of the Supreme Government, alike look down on Madras, and refuse to change 1292b654b02dSYuri Pankov# the time they are using, for that of what they regard as a benighted 1293b654b02dSYuri Pankov# Presidency; while Madras, having for long given the standard time to the 1294b654b02dSYuri Pankov# rest of India, would resist the adoption of any other Indian standard in its 1295b654b02dSYuri Pankov# place." -- Oldham RD. On Time in India: a suggestion for its improvement. 1296b654b02dSYuri Pankov# Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (April 1899), 49-55. 1297b654b02dSYuri Pankov# 1298b654b02dSYuri Pankov# "In 1870 ... Madras time - 'now used by the telegraph and regulated from the 1299b654b02dSYuri Pankov# only government observatory' - was suggested as a standard railway time, 1300b654b02dSYuri Pankov# first to be adopted on the Great Indian Peninsular Railway (GIPR).... 1301b654b02dSYuri Pankov# Calcutta, Bombay, and Karachi, were to be allowed to continue with their 1302b654b02dSYuri Pankov# local time for civil purposes." - Prasad R. Tracks of Change: Railways and 1303b654b02dSYuri Pankov# Everyday Life in Colonial India. Cambridge University Press (2016), 145. 1304b654b02dSYuri Pankov# 1305b654b02dSYuri Pankov# Reed S, Low F. The Indian Year Book 1936-37. Bennett, Coleman, pp 27-8. 1306b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.282212 1307b654b02dSYuri Pankov# This lists +052110 as Madras local time used in railways, and says that on 1308b654b02dSYuri Pankov# 1906-01-01 railways and telegraphs in India switched to +0530. Some 1309b654b02dSYuri Pankov# municipalities retained their former time, and the time in Calcutta 1310b654b02dSYuri Pankov# continued to depend on whether you were at the railway station or at 1311b654b02dSYuri Pankov# government offices. Government time was at +055320 (according to Shanks) or 1312b654b02dSYuri Pankov# at +0554 (according to the Indian Year Book). Railway time is more 1313b654b02dSYuri Pankov# appropriate for our purposes, as it was better documented, it is what we do 1314b654b02dSYuri Pankov# elsewhere (e.g., Europe/London before 1880), and after 1906 it was 1315b654b02dSYuri Pankov# consistent in the region now identified by Asia/Kolkata. So, use railway 1316b654b02dSYuri Pankov# time for 1870-1941. Shanks is our only (and dubious) source for the 1317b654b02dSYuri Pankov# 1941-1945 data. 1318b654b02dSYuri Pankov 1319374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1320b654b02dSYuri PankovZone Asia/Kolkata 5:53:28 - LMT 1854 Jun 28 # Kolkata 1321b654b02dSYuri Pankov 5:53:20 - HMT 1870 # Howrah Mean Time? 1322b654b02dSYuri Pankov 5:21:10 - MMT 1906 Jan 1 # Madras local time 1323b654b02dSYuri Pankov 5:30 - IST 1941 Oct 1324b654b02dSYuri Pankov 5:30 1:00 +0630 1942 May 15 1325503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:30 - IST 1942 Sep 1326dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 15 1327503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:30 - IST 1328b654b02dSYuri Pankov# Since 1970 the following are like Asia/Kolkata: 1329503609a9SYuri Pankov# Andaman Is 1330503609a9SYuri Pankov# Lakshadweep (Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Is) 1331503609a9SYuri Pankov# Nicobar Is 1332503609a9SYuri Pankov 1333503609a9SYuri Pankov# Indonesia 1334503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1335503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06): 1336503609a9SYuri Pankov# The 1876 Report of the Secretary of the [US] Navy, p 306 says that Batavia 1337503609a9SYuri Pankov# civil time was 7:07:12.5; round to even for Jakarta. 1338503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1339503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-28), overriding Shanks & Pottenger: 1340503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.sumatera-inc.com/go_to_invest/about_indonesia.asp#standtime 1341503609a9SYuri Pankov# says that Indonesia's time zones changed on 1988-01-01. Looking at some 1342503609a9SYuri Pankov# time zone maps, I think that must refer to Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat 1343503609a9SYuri Pankov# and Kalimantan Tengah) switching from UTC+8 to UTC+7. 1344503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1345503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-10): 1346503609a9SYuri Pankov# Here is another correction to Shanks & Pottenger. 1347503609a9SYuri Pankov# JohnTWB writes that Japanese forces did not surrender control in 1348503609a9SYuri Pankov# Indonesia until 1945-09-01 00:00 at the earliest (in Jakarta) and 1349503609a9SYuri Pankov# other formal surrender ceremonies were September 9, 11, and 13, plus 1350503609a9SYuri Pankov# September 12 for the regional surrender to Mountbatten in Singapore. 1351503609a9SYuri Pankov# These would be the earliest possible times for a change. 1352503609a9SYuri Pankov# Régimes horaires pour le monde entier, by Henri Le Corre, (Éditions 1353503609a9SYuri Pankov# Traditionnelles, 1987, Paris) says that Java and Madura switched 1354503609a9SYuri Pankov# from UT +09 to +07:30 on 1945-09-23, and gives 1944-09-01 for Jayapura 1355503609a9SYuri Pankov# (Hollandia). For now, assume all Indonesian locations other than Jayapura 1356503609a9SYuri Pankov# switched on 1945-09-23. 1357503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1358503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-11): 1359503609a9SYuri Pankov# Normally the tz database uses English-language abbreviations, but in 1360503609a9SYuri Pankov# Indonesia it's typical to use Indonesian-language abbreviations even 1361503609a9SYuri Pankov# when writing in English. For example, see the English-language 1362503609a9SYuri Pankov# summary published by the Time and Frequency Laboratory of the 1363503609a9SYuri Pankov# Research Center for Calibration, Instrumentation and Metrology, 1364503609a9SYuri Pankov# Indonesia, <http://time.kim.lipi.go.id/time-eng.php> (2006-09-29). 1365503609a9SYuri Pankov# The time zone abbreviations and UT offsets are: 1366503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1367503609a9SYuri Pankov# WIB - +07 - Waktu Indonesia Barat (Indonesia western time) 1368503609a9SYuri Pankov# WITA - +08 - Waktu Indonesia Tengah (Indonesia central time) 1369503609a9SYuri Pankov# WIT - +09 - Waktu Indonesia Timur (Indonesia eastern time) 1370503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1371374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1372503609a9SYuri Pankov# Java, Sumatra 1373503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Jakarta 7:07:12 - LMT 1867 Aug 10 1374503609a9SYuri Pankov# Shanks & Pottenger say the next transition was at 1924 Jan 1 0:13, 1375503609a9SYuri Pankov# but this must be a typo. 1376503609a9SYuri Pankov 7:07:12 - BMT 1923 Dec 31 23:47:12 # Batavia 1377dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:20 - +0720 1932 Nov 1378dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1942 Mar 23 1379dafc4501SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23 1380dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1948 May 1381dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1950 May 1382dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1964 1383503609a9SYuri Pankov 7:00 - WIB 1384503609a9SYuri Pankov# west and central Borneo 1385503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Pontianak 7:17:20 - LMT 1908 May 1386503609a9SYuri Pankov 7:17:20 - PMT 1932 Nov # Pontianak MT 1387dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1942 Jan 29 1388dafc4501SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23 1389dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1948 May 1390dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1950 May 1391dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1964 1392503609a9SYuri Pankov 8:00 - WITA 1988 Jan 1 1393503609a9SYuri Pankov 7:00 - WIB 1394503609a9SYuri Pankov# Sulawesi, Lesser Sundas, east and south Borneo 1395503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Makassar 7:57:36 - LMT 1920 1396503609a9SYuri Pankov 7:57:36 - MMT 1932 Nov # Macassar MT 1397dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1942 Feb 9 1398dafc4501SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 23 1399503609a9SYuri Pankov 8:00 - WITA 1400503609a9SYuri Pankov# Maluku Islands, West Papua, Papua 1401503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Jayapura 9:22:48 - LMT 1932 Nov 1402dafc4501SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1944 Sep 1 1403dafc4501SDan McDonald 9:30 - +0930 1964 1404503609a9SYuri Pankov 9:00 - WIT 1405503609a9SYuri Pankov 1406503609a9SYuri Pankov# Iran 1407503609a9SYuri Pankov 1408503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Roozbeh Pournader (2003-03-15): 1409503609a9SYuri Pankov# This is an English translation of what I just found (originally in Persian). 1410503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Gregorian dates in brackets are mine: 1411503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1412503609a9SYuri Pankov# Official Newspaper No. 13548-1370/6/25 [1991-09-16] 1413503609a9SYuri Pankov# No. 16760/T233 H 1370/6/10 [1991-09-01] 1414503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1415503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Rule About Change of the Official Time of the Country 1416503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1417503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Board of Ministers, in the meeting dated 1370/5/23 [1991-08-14], 1418503609a9SYuri Pankov# based on the suggestion number 2221/D dated 1370/4/22 [1991-07-13] 1419503609a9SYuri Pankov# of the Country's Organization for Official and Employment Affairs, 1420503609a9SYuri Pankov# and referring to the law for equating the working hours of workers 1421503609a9SYuri Pankov# and officers in the whole country dated 1359/4/23 [1980-07-14], and 1422503609a9SYuri Pankov# for synchronizing the official times of the country, agreed that: 1423503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1424503609a9SYuri Pankov# The official time of the country will should move forward one hour 1425503609a9SYuri Pankov# at the 24[:00] hours of the first day of Farvardin and should return 1426503609a9SYuri Pankov# to its previous state at the 24[:00] hours of the 30th day of 1427503609a9SYuri Pankov# Shahrivar. 1428503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1429503609a9SYuri Pankov# First Deputy to the President - Hassan Habibi 1430503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1431503609a9SYuri Pankov# From personal experience, that agrees with what has been followed 1432503609a9SYuri Pankov# for at least the last 5 years. Before that, for a few years, the 1433503609a9SYuri Pankov# date used was the first Thursday night of Farvardin and the last 1434503609a9SYuri Pankov# Thursday night of Shahrivar, but I can't give exact dates.... 1435503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1436503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Roozbeh Pournader (2005-04-05): 1437503609a9SYuri Pankov# The text of the Iranian law, in effect since 1925, clearly mentions 1438503609a9SYuri Pankov# that the true solar year is the measure, and there is no arithmetic 1439503609a9SYuri Pankov# leap year calculation involved. There has never been any serious 1440503609a9SYuri Pankov# plan to change that law.... 1441503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1442251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-30): 1443503609a9SYuri Pankov# Go with Shanks & Pottenger before Sept. 1991, and with Pournader thereafter. 1444251a62bcSDominik Hassler# I used the following code in GNU Emacs 26.1 to generate the "Rule Iran" 1445251a62bcSDominik Hassler# lines from 2008 through 2087. Emacs 26.1 uses Ed Reingold's 1446251a62bcSDominik Hassler# cal-persia implementation of Birashk's approximation, which in the 1447374df668SAndy Fiddaman# 2008-2087 range disagrees with the astronomical Persian calendar 1448374df668SAndy Fiddaman# for Persian years 1404 (Gregorian 2025) and 1437 (Gregorian 2058), so 1449374df668SAndy Fiddaman# the following code special-cases those years. See Table 15.1, page 264, of: 1450251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Edward M. Reingold and Nachum Dershowitz, Calendrical Calculations: 1451251a62bcSDominik Hassler# The Ultimate Edition, Cambridge University Press (2018). 1452251a62bcSDominik Hassler# https://www.cambridge.org/fr/academic/subjects/computer-science/computing-general-interest/calendrical-calculations-ultimate-edition-4th-edition 1453251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Page 258, footnote 2, of this book says there is some dispute over what will 1454251a62bcSDominik Hassler# happen in 2091 (and some other years after that), so this code 1455251a62bcSDominik Hassler# stops in 2087, as 2088 and 2089 agree with the "max" rule below. 1456251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (cl-loop 1457251a62bcSDominik Hassler# initially (require 'cal-persia) 1458251a62bcSDominik Hassler# with first-persian-year = 1387 1459251a62bcSDominik Hassler# with last-persian-year = 1466 1460251a62bcSDominik Hassler# ;; Exceptional years in the above range, 1461251a62bcSDominik Hassler# ;; from Reingold & Dershowitz Table 15.1, page 264: 1462251a62bcSDominik Hassler# with exceptional-persian-years = '(1404 1437) 1463251a62bcSDominik Hassler# with range-start = nil 1464251a62bcSDominik Hassler# for persian-year from first-persian-year to last-persian-year 1465251a62bcSDominik Hassler# do 1466251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (let* 1467251a62bcSDominik Hassler# ((exceptional-year-offset 1468251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (if (member persian-year exceptional-persian-years) 1 0)) 1469251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (beg-dst-absolute 1470251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 1 1 persian-year)) 1471251a62bcSDominik Hassler# exceptional-year-offset)) 1472251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (end-dst-absolute 1473251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 6 30 persian-year)) 1474251a62bcSDominik Hassler# exceptional-year-offset)) 1475251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (next-year-beg-dst-absolute 1476251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (+ (calendar-persian-to-absolute (list 1 1 (1+ persian-year))) 1477251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (if (member (1+ persian-year) exceptional-persian-years) 1 0))) 1478251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (beg-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute beg-dst-absolute)) 1479251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (end-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute end-dst-absolute)) 1480251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (next-year-beg-dst (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute 1481251a62bcSDominik Hassler# next-year-beg-dst-absolute)) 1482251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (year (calendar-extract-year beg-dst)) 1483251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (range-end (if range-start year "only"))) 1484251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (setq range-start (or range-start year)) 1485251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (when (or (/= (calendar-extract-day beg-dst) 1486251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (calendar-extract-day next-year-beg-dst)) 1487251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (= persian-year last-persian-year)) 1488251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (insert 1489251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (format 1490251a62bcSDominik Hassler# "Rule\tIran\t%d\t%s\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t1:00\t-\n" 1491251a62bcSDominik Hassler# range-start range-end 1492251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (calendar-month-name (calendar-extract-month beg-dst) t) 1493251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (calendar-extract-day beg-dst))) 1494251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (insert 1495251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (format 1496251a62bcSDominik Hassler# "Rule\tIran\t%d\t%s\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t0\t-\n" 1497251a62bcSDominik Hassler# range-start range-end 1498251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (calendar-month-name (calendar-extract-month end-dst) t) 1499251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (calendar-extract-day end-dst))) 1500251a62bcSDominik Hassler# (setq range-start nil)))) 1501503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1502503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-03-30), writing about future 1503503609a9SYuri Pankov# discrepancies between cal-persia and the Iranian calendar: 1504503609a9SYuri Pankov# For 2091 solar-longitude-after yields 2091-03-20 08:40:07.7 UT for 1505503609a9SYuri Pankov# the vernal equinox and that gets so close to 12:00 some local 1506503609a9SYuri Pankov# Iranian time that the definition of the correct location needs to be 1507503609a9SYuri Pankov# known exactly, amongst other factors. 2157 is even closer: 1508503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2157-03-20 08:37:15.5 UT. But the Gregorian year 2025 should give 1509503609a9SYuri Pankov# no interpretation problem whatsoever. By the way, another instant 1510503609a9SYuri Pankov# in the near future where there will be a discrepancy between 1511503609a9SYuri Pankov# arithmetical and astronomical Iranian calendars will be in 2058: 1512503609a9SYuri Pankov# vernal equinox on 2058-03-20 09:03:05.9 UT. The Java version of 1513503609a9SYuri Pankov# Reingold's/Dershowitz' calculator gives correctly the Gregorian date 1514503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2058-03-21 for 1 Farvardin 1437 (astronomical). 1515503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1516503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-03-22): 1517503609a9SYuri Pankov# Several of my users have reported that Iran will not observe DST anymore: 1518503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.irna.ir/en/news/view/line-17/0603193812164948.htm 1519503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1520503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Reuters (2007-09-16), with a heads-up from Jesper Nørgaard Welen: 1521503609a9SYuri Pankov# ... the Guardian Council ... approved a law on Sunday to re-introduce 1522503609a9SYuri Pankov# daylight saving time ... 1523b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKBLA65048420070916 1524503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1525503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Roozbeh Pournader (2007-11-05): 1526503609a9SYuri Pankov# This is quoted from Official Gazette of the Islamic Republic of 1527503609a9SYuri Pankov# Iran, Volume 63, No. 18242, dated Tuesday 1386/6/24 1528503609a9SYuri Pankov# [2007-10-16]. I am doing the best translation I can:... 1529503609a9SYuri Pankov# The official time of the country will be moved forward for one hour 1530503609a9SYuri Pankov# on the 24 hours of the first day of the month of Farvardin and will 1531503609a9SYuri Pankov# be changed back to its previous state on the 24 hours of the 1532503609a9SYuri Pankov# thirtieth day of Shahrivar. 1533503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1534f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1535251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 1978 1980 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1536251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 1978 only - Oct 20 24:00 0 - 1537251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 1979 only - Sep 18 24:00 0 - 1538251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 1980 only - Sep 22 24:00 0 - 1539251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 1991 only - May 2 24:00 1:00 - 1540251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 1992 1995 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1541251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 1991 1995 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1542251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 1996 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1543251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 1996 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1544251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 1997 1999 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1545251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 1997 1999 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1546251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2000 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1547251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2000 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1548251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2001 2003 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1549251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2001 2003 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1550251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2004 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1551251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2004 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1552251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2005 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1553251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2005 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1554251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2008 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1555251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2008 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1556251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2009 2011 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1557251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2009 2011 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1558251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2012 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1559251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2012 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1560251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2013 2015 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1561251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2013 2015 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1562251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2016 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1563251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2016 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1564251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2017 2019 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1565251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2017 2019 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1566251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2020 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1567251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2020 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1568251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2021 2023 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1569251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2021 2023 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1570251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2024 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1571251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2024 only - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1572251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2025 2027 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1573251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2025 2027 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1574251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2028 2029 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1575251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2028 2029 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1576251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2030 2031 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1577251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2030 2031 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1578251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2032 2033 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1579251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2032 2033 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1580251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2034 2035 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1581251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2034 2035 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1582251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2036 2037 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1583251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2036 2037 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1584251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2038 2039 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1585251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2038 2039 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1586251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2040 2041 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1587251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2040 2041 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1588251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2042 2043 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1589251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2042 2043 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1590251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2044 2045 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1591251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2044 2045 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1592251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2046 2047 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1593251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2046 2047 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1594251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2048 2049 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1595251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2048 2049 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1596251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2050 2051 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1597251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2050 2051 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1598251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2052 2053 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1599251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2052 2053 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1600251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2054 2055 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1601251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2054 2055 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1602251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2056 2057 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1603251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2056 2057 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1604251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2058 2059 - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1605251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2058 2059 - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1606251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2060 2062 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1607251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2060 2062 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1608251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2063 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1609251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2063 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1610251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2064 2066 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1611251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2064 2066 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1612251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2067 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1613251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2067 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1614251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2068 2070 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1615251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2068 2070 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1616251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2071 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1617251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2071 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1618251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2072 2074 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1619251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2072 2074 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1620251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2075 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1621251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2075 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1622251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2076 2078 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1623251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2076 2078 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1624251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2079 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1625251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2079 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1626251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2080 2082 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1627251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2080 2082 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1628251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2083 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1629251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2083 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1630251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2084 2086 - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1631251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2084 2086 - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1632251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2087 only - Mar 21 24:00 1:00 - 1633251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2087 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 1634503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1635251a62bcSDominik Hassler# The following rules are approximations starting in the year 2088. 1636251a62bcSDominik Hassler# These are the best post-2088 approximations available, given the 1637251a62bcSDominik Hassler# restrictions of a single rule using ordinary Gregorian dates. 1638503609a9SYuri Pankov# At some point this table will need to be extended, though quite 1639503609a9SYuri Pankov# possibly Iran will change the rules first. 1640251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2088 max - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 - 1641251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule Iran 2088 max - Sep 20 24:00 0 - 1642503609a9SYuri Pankov 1643374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1644503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Tehran 3:25:44 - LMT 1916 1645503609a9SYuri Pankov 3:25:44 - TMT 1946 # Tehran Mean Time 1646dafc4501SDan McDonald 3:30 - +0330 1977 Nov 1647dafc4501SDan McDonald 4:00 Iran +04/+05 1979 1648dafc4501SDan McDonald 3:30 Iran +0330/+0430 1649503609a9SYuri Pankov 1650503609a9SYuri Pankov 1651503609a9SYuri Pankov# Iraq 1652503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1653503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Jonathan Lennox (2000-06-12): 1654503609a9SYuri Pankov# An article in this week's Economist ("Inside the Saddam-free zone", p. 50 in 1655503609a9SYuri Pankov# the U.S. edition) on the Iraqi Kurds contains a paragraph: 1656503609a9SYuri Pankov# "The three northern provinces ... switched their clocks this spring and 1657503609a9SYuri Pankov# are an hour ahead of Baghdad." 1658503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1659503609a9SYuri Pankov# But Rives McDow (2000-06-18) quotes a contact in Iraqi-Kurdistan as follows: 1660503609a9SYuri Pankov# In the past, some Kurdish nationalists, as a protest to the Iraqi 1661503609a9SYuri Pankov# Government, did not adhere to daylight saving time. They referred 1662503609a9SYuri Pankov# to daylight saving as Saddam time. But, as of today, the time zone 1663503609a9SYuri Pankov# in Iraqi-Kurdistan is on standard time with Baghdad, Iraq. 1664503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1665503609a9SYuri Pankov# So we'll ignore the Economist's claim. 1666503609a9SYuri Pankov 1667503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-10): 1668503609a9SYuri Pankov# The cabinet in Iraq abolished DST last week, according to the following 1669503609a9SYuri Pankov# news sources (in Arabic): 1670503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.aljeeran.net/wesima_articles/news-20080305-98602.html 1671503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.aswataliraq.info/look/article.tpl?id=2047&IdLanguage=17&IdPublication=4&NrArticle=71743&NrIssue=1&NrSection=10 1672503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1673503609a9SYuri Pankov# We have published a short article in English about the change: 1674b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/iraq-dumps-daylight-saving.html 1675503609a9SYuri Pankov 1676f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 16773508b934SYuri PankovRule Iraq 1982 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 - 16783508b934SYuri PankovRule Iraq 1982 1984 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 16793508b934SYuri PankovRule Iraq 1983 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 - 16803508b934SYuri PankovRule Iraq 1984 1985 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 - 16813508b934SYuri PankovRule Iraq 1985 1990 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - 16823508b934SYuri PankovRule Iraq 1986 1990 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 - 1683503609a9SYuri Pankov# IATA SSIM (1991/1996) says Apr 1 12:01am UTC; guess the ':01' is a typo. 1684503609a9SYuri Pankov# Shanks & Pottenger say Iraq did not observe DST 1992/1997; ignore this. 1685503609a9SYuri Pankov# 16863508b934SYuri PankovRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Apr 1 3:00s 1:00 - 16873508b934SYuri PankovRule Iraq 1991 2007 - Oct 1 3:00s 0 - 1688374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1689503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Baghdad 2:57:40 - LMT 1890 1690503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:57:36 - BMT 1918 # Baghdad Mean Time? 1691dafc4501SDan McDonald 3:00 - +03 1982 May 1692dafc4501SDan McDonald 3:00 Iraq +03/+04 1693503609a9SYuri Pankov 1694503609a9SYuri Pankov 1695503609a9SYuri Pankov############################################################################### 1696503609a9SYuri Pankov 1697503609a9SYuri Pankov# Israel 1698503609a9SYuri Pankov 1699f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# For more info about the motivation for DST in Israel, see: 1700f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Barak Y. Israel's Daylight Saving Time controversy. Israel Affairs. 1701f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 2020-08-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/13537121.2020.1806564 1702f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi 1703503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Ephraim Silverberg (2001-01-11): 1704503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1705503609a9SYuri Pankov# I coined "IST/IDT" circa 1988. Until then there were three 1706503609a9SYuri Pankov# different abbreviations in use: 1707503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1708503609a9SYuri Pankov# JST Jerusalem Standard Time [Danny Braniss, Hebrew University] 1709503609a9SYuri Pankov# IZT Israel Zonal (sic) Time [Prof. Haim Papo, Technion] 1710503609a9SYuri Pankov# EEST Eastern Europe Standard Time [used by almost everyone else] 1711503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1712503609a9SYuri Pankov# Since timezones should be called by country and not capital cities, 1713503609a9SYuri Pankov# I ruled out JST. As Israel is in Asia Minor and not Eastern Europe, 1714503609a9SYuri Pankov# EEST was equally unacceptable. Since "zonal" was not compatible with 1715503609a9SYuri Pankov# any other timezone abbreviation, I felt that 'IST' was the way to go 1716503609a9SYuri Pankov# and, indeed, it has received almost universal acceptance in timezone 1717503609a9SYuri Pankov# settings in Israeli computers. 1718503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1719503609a9SYuri Pankov# In any case, I am happy to share timezone abbreviations with India, 1720503609a9SYuri Pankov# high on my favorite-country list (and not only because my wife's 1721503609a9SYuri Pankov# family is from India). 1722503609a9SYuri Pankov 1723f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# From P Chan (2020-10-27), with corrections: 1724f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1725f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1940-1946 Supplement No. 2 to the Palestine Gazette 1726f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# # issue page Order No. dated start end note 1727f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1 1010 729 67 of 1940 1940-05-22 1940-05-31* 1940-09-30* revoked by #2 1728f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 2 1013 758 73 of 1940 1940-05-31 1940-05-31 1940-09-30 1729f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 3 1055 1574 196 of 1940 1940-11-06 1940-11-16 1940-12-31 1730f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 4 1066 1811 208 of 1940 1940-12-17 1940-12-31 1941-12-31 1731f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 5 1156 1967 116 of 1941 1941-12-16 1941-12-31 1942-12-31* amended by #6 1732f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 6 1228 1608 86 of 1942 1942-10-14 1941-12-31 1942-10-31 1733f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 7 1256 279 21 of 1943 1943-03-18 1943-03-31 1943-10-31 1734f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 8 1323 249 19 of 1944 1944-03-13 1944-03-31 1944-10-31 1735f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 9 1402 328 20 of 1945 1945-04-05 1945-04-15 1945-10-31 1736f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#10 1487 596 14 of 1946 1946-04-04 1946-04-15 1946-10-31 1737f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1738f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1948 Iton Rishmi (Official Gazette of the Provisional Government) 1739f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# # issue page dated start end 1740f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#11 2 7 1948-05-20 1948-05-22 1948-10-31* 1741f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# ^This moved timezone to +04, replaced by #12 from 1948-08-31 24:00 GMT. 1742f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#12 17 (Annex B) 84 1948-08-22 1948-08-31 1948-10-31 1743f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1744f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1949-2000 Kovetz HaTakanot (Collection of Regulations) 1745f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# # issue page dated start end note 1746f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#13 6 133 1949-03-23 1949-04-30 1949-10-31 1747f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#14 80 755 1950-03-17 1950-04-15 1950-09-14 1748f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#15 164 782 1951-03-22 1951-03-31 1951-09-29* amended by #16 1749f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#16 206 1940 1951-09-23 ---------- 1951-10-22* amended by #17 1750f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#17 212 78 1951-10-19 ---------- 1951-11-10 1751f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#18 254 652 1952-03-03 1952-04-19 1952-09-27* amended by #19 1752f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#19 300 11 1952-09-15 ---------- 1952-10-18 1753f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#20 348 817 1953-03-03 1953-04-11 1953-09-12 1754f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#21 420 385 1954-02-17 1954-06-12 1954-09-11 1755f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#22 497 548 1955-01-14 1955-06-11 1955-09-10 1756f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#23 591 608 1956-03-12 1956-06-02 1956-09-29 1757f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#24 680 957 1957-02-08 1957-04-27 1957-09-21 1758f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#25 3192 1418 1974-06-28 1974-07-06 1974-10-12 1759f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#26 3322 1389 1975-04-03 1975-04-19 1975-08-30 1760f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#27 4146 2089 1980-07-15 1980-08-02 1980-09-13 1761f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#28 4604 1081 1984-02-22 1984-05-05* 1984-08-25* revoked by #29 1762f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#29 4619 1312 1984-04-06 1984-05-05 1984-08-25 1763f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#30 4744 475 1984-12-23 1985-04-13 1985-09-14* amended by #31 1764f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#31 4851 1848 1985-08-18 ---------- 1985-08-31 1765f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#32 4932 899 1986-04-22 1986-05-17 1986-09-06 1766f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#33 5013 580 1987-02-15 1987-04-18* 1987-08-22* revoked by #34 1767f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#34 5021 744 1987-03-30 1987-04-14 1987-09-12 1768f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#35 5096 659 1988-02-14 1988-04-09 1988-09-03 1769f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#36 5167 514 1989-02-03 1989-04-29 1989-09-02 1770f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#37 5248 375 1990-01-23 1990-03-24 1990-08-25 1771f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#38 5335 612 1991-02-10 1991-03-09* 1991-08-31 amended by #39 1772f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1992-03-28 1992-09-05 1773f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#39 5339 709 1991-03-04 1991-03-23 ---------- 1774f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#40 5506 503 1993-02-18 1993-04-02 1993-09-05 1775f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1994-04-01 1994-08-28 1776f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1995-03-31 1995-09-03 1777f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#41 5731 438 1996-01-01 1996-03-14 1996-09-15 1778f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1997-03-13* 1997-09-18* overridden by 1997 Temp Prov 1779f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1998-03-19* 1998-09-17* revoked by #42 1780f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#42 5853 1243 1997-09-18 1998-03-19 1998-09-05 1781f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#43 5937 77 1998-10-18 1999-04-02 1999-09-03 1782f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 2000-04-14* 2000-09-15* revoked by #44 1783f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 2001-04-13* 2001-09-14* revoked by #44 1784f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#44 6024 39 2000-03-14 2000-04-14 2000-10-22* overridden by 2000 Temp Prov 1785f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 2001-04-06* 2001-10-10* overridden by 2000 Temp Prov 1786f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 2002-03-29* 2002-10-29* overridden by 2000 Temp Prov 1787f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1788f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# These are laws enacted by the Knesset since the Minister could only alter the 1789f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# transition dates at least six months in advanced under the 1992 Law. 1790f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# dated start end 1791f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1997 Temporary Provisions 1997-03-06 1997-03-20 1997-09-13 1792f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 2000 Temporary Provisions 2000-07-28 ---------- 2000-10-06 1793f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 2001-04-09 2001-09-24 1794f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 2002-03-29 2002-10-07 1795f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 2003-03-28 2003-10-03 1796f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 2004-04-07 2004-09-22 1797f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Note: 1798f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Transition times in 1940-1957 (#1-#24) were midnight GMT, 1799f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# in 1974-1998 (#25-#42 and the 1997 Temporary Provisions) were midnight, 1800f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# in 1999-April 2000 (#43,#44) were 02:00, 1801f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# in the 2000 Temporary Provisions were 01:00. 1802f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1803f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1804f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Links: 1805f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537490&increment=687 1806f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 2 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537490&increment=716 1807f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 3 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537491&increment=721 1808f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 4 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537491&increment=958 1809f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 5 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537502&increment=558 1810f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 6 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537511&increment=105 1811f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 7 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537516&increment=278 1812f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 8 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537522&increment=248 1813f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 9 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537530&increment=329 1814f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#10 https://findit.library.yale.edu/images_layout/view?parentoid=15537537&increment=601 1815f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#11 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law12/er-002.pdf#page=3 1816f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#12 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law12/er-017-t2.pdf#page=4 1817f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#13 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0006.pdf#page=3 1818f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#14 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0080.pdf#page=7 1819f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#15 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0164.pdf#page=10 1820f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#16 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0206.pdf#page=4 1821f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#17 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0212.pdf#page=2 1822f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#18 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0254.pdf#page=4 1823f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#19 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0300.pdf#page=5 1824f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#20 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0348.pdf#page=3 1825f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#21 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0420.pdf#page=5 1826f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#22 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0497.pdf#page=10 1827f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#23 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0591.pdf#page=6 1828f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#24 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-0680.pdf#page=3 1829f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#25 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-3192.pdf#page=2 1830f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#26 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-3322.pdf#page=5 1831f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#27 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4146.pdf#page=2 1832f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#28 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4604.pdf#page=7 1833f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#29 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4619.pdf#page=2 1834f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#30 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4744.pdf#page=11 1835f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#31 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4851.pdf#page=2 1836f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#32 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-4932.pdf#page=19 1837f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#33 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5013.pdf#page=8 1838f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#34 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5021.pdf#page=8 1839f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#35 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5096.pdf#page=3 1840f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#36 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5167.pdf#page=2 1841f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#37 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5248.pdf#page=7 1842f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#38 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5335.pdf#page=6 1843f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#39 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5339.pdf#page=7 1844f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#40 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5506.pdf#page=19 1845f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#41 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5731.pdf#page=2 1846f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#42 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5853.pdf#page=3 1847f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#43 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-5937.pdf#page=9 1848f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi#44 https://www.nevo.co.il/law_word/law06/tak-6024.pdf#page=4 1849f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1850f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Time Determination (Temporary Provisions) Law, 1997 1851f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law19/p201_003.htm 1852f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1853f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Time Determination (Temporary Provisions) Law, 2000 1854f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law19/p201_004.htm 1855f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 1856f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Time Determination Law, 1992 and amendments 1857f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/p201_002.htm 1858f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# https://main.knesset.gov.il/Activity/Legislation/Laws/Pages/LawPrimary.aspx?lawitemid=2001174 1859f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi 1860f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# From Paul Eggert (2020-10-27): 1861f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Several of the midnight transitions mentioned above are ambiguous; 1862f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# are they 00:00, 00:00s, 24:00, or 24:00s? When resolving these ambiguities, 1863f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# try to minimize changes from previous tzdb versions, for lack of better info. 1864f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Commentary from previous versions is included below, to help explain this. 1865f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi 1866f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1867f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1940 only - May 31 24:00u 1:00 D 1868f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1940 only - Sep 30 24:00u 0 S 1869f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1940 only - Nov 16 24:00u 1:00 D 1870f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1942 1946 - Oct 31 24:00u 0 S 1871f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1943 1944 - Mar 31 24:00u 1:00 D 1872f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1945 1946 - Apr 15 24:00u 1:00 D 1873f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1948 only - May 22 24:00u 2:00 DD 1874f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1948 only - Aug 31 24:00u 1:00 D 1875f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1948 1949 - Oct 31 24:00u 0 S 1876f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1949 only - Apr 30 24:00u 1:00 D 1877f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1950 only - Apr 15 24:00u 1:00 D 1878f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1950 only - Sep 14 24:00u 0 S 1879f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1951 only - Mar 31 24:00u 1:00 D 1880f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1951 only - Nov 10 24:00u 0 S 1881f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1952 only - Apr 19 24:00u 1:00 D 1882f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1952 only - Oct 18 24:00u 0 S 1883f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1953 only - Apr 11 24:00u 1:00 D 1884f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1953 only - Sep 12 24:00u 0 S 1885f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1954 only - Jun 12 24:00u 1:00 D 1886f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1954 only - Sep 11 24:00u 0 S 1887f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1955 only - Jun 11 24:00u 1:00 D 1888f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1955 only - Sep 10 24:00u 0 S 1889f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1956 only - Jun 2 24:00u 1:00 D 1890f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1956 only - Sep 29 24:00u 0 S 1891f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1957 only - Apr 27 24:00u 1:00 D 1892f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1957 only - Sep 21 24:00u 0 S 1893f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1974 only - Jul 6 24:00 1:00 D 1894f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1974 only - Oct 12 24:00 0 S 1895f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1975 only - Apr 19 24:00 1:00 D 1896f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1975 only - Aug 30 24:00 0 S 1897251a62bcSDominik Hassler 1898251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Alois Treindl (2019-03-06): 1899374df668SAndy Fiddaman# http://www.moin.gov.il/Documents/שעון%20קיץ/clock-50-years-7-2014.pdf 1900251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Isaac Starkman (2019-03-06): 1901251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Summer time was in that period in 1980 and 1984, see 1902251a62bcSDominik Hassler# https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3951073,00.html 1903251a62bcSDominik Hassler# You can of course read it in translation. 1904251a62bcSDominik Hassler# I checked the local newspapers for that years. 1905251a62bcSDominik Hassler# It started on midnight and end at 01.00 am. 1906251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Paul Eggert (2019-03-06): 1907251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Also see this thread about the moin.gov.il URL: 1908251a62bcSDominik Hassler# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-November/027194.html 1909f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1980 only - Aug 2 24:00s 1:00 D 1910f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1980 only - Sep 13 24:00s 0 S 1911f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1984 only - May 5 24:00s 1:00 D 1912f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1984 only - Aug 25 24:00s 0 S 1913251a62bcSDominik Hassler 1914f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1985 only - Apr 13 24:00 1:00 D 1915f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1985 only - Aug 31 24:00 0 S 1916f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1986 only - May 17 24:00 1:00 D 1917f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1986 only - Sep 6 24:00 0 S 1918f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1987 only - Apr 14 24:00 1:00 D 1919f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1987 only - Sep 12 24:00 0 S 1920503609a9SYuri Pankov 1921503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Avigdor Finkelstein (2014-03-05): 1922503609a9SYuri Pankov# I check the Parliament (Knesset) records and there it's stated that the 1923503609a9SYuri Pankov# [1988] transition should take place on Saturday night, when the Sabbath 1924503609a9SYuri Pankov# ends and changes to Sunday. 1925f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1988 only - Apr 9 24:00 1:00 D 1926f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1988 only - Sep 3 24:00 0 S 1927503609a9SYuri Pankov 1928503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Ephraim Silverberg 1929503609a9SYuri Pankov# (1997-03-04, 1998-03-16, 1998-12-28, 2000-01-17, 2000-07-25, 2004-12-22, 1930503609a9SYuri Pankov# and 2005-02-17): 1931503609a9SYuri Pankov 1932503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to the Office of the Secretary General of the Ministry of 1933503609a9SYuri Pankov# Interior, there is NO set rule for Daylight-Savings/Standard time changes. 1934503609a9SYuri Pankov# One thing is entrenched in law, however: that there must be at least 150 1935503609a9SYuri Pankov# days of daylight savings time annually. From 1993-1998, the change to 1936503609a9SYuri Pankov# daylight savings time was on a Friday morning from midnight IST to 1937503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1 a.m IDT; up until 1998, the change back to standard time was on a 1938503609a9SYuri Pankov# Saturday night from midnight daylight savings time to 11 p.m. standard 1939503609a9SYuri Pankov# time. 1996 is an exception to this rule where the change back to standard 1940503609a9SYuri Pankov# time took place on Sunday night instead of Saturday night to avoid 1941503609a9SYuri Pankov# conflicts with the Jewish New Year. In 1999, the change to 1942503609a9SYuri Pankov# daylight savings time was still on a Friday morning but from 1943503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2 a.m. IST to 3 a.m. IDT; furthermore, the change back to standard time 1944503609a9SYuri Pankov# was also on a Friday morning from 2 a.m. IDT to 1 a.m. IST for 1945503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1999 only. In the year 2000, the change to daylight savings time was 1946503609a9SYuri Pankov# similar to 1999, but although the change back will be on a Friday, it 1947503609a9SYuri Pankov# will take place from 1 a.m. IDT to midnight IST. Starting in 2001, all 1948503609a9SYuri Pankov# changes to/from will take place at 1 a.m. old time, but now there is no 1949503609a9SYuri Pankov# rule as to what day of the week it will take place in as the start date 1950503609a9SYuri Pankov# (except in 2003) is the night after the Passover Seder (i.e. the eve 1951503609a9SYuri Pankov# of the 16th of Nisan in the lunar Hebrew calendar) and the end date 1952503609a9SYuri Pankov# (except in 2002) is three nights before Yom Kippur [Day of Atonement] 1953503609a9SYuri Pankov# (the eve of the 7th of Tishrei in the lunar Hebrew calendar). 1954503609a9SYuri Pankov 1955f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1956f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1989 only - Apr 29 24:00 1:00 D 1957f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1989 only - Sep 2 24:00 0 S 1958f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1990 only - Mar 24 24:00 1:00 D 1959f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1990 only - Aug 25 24:00 0 S 1960f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1991 only - Mar 23 24:00 1:00 D 1961f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1991 only - Aug 31 24:00 0 S 1962f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1992 only - Mar 28 24:00 1:00 D 1963f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1992 only - Sep 5 24:00 0 S 1964503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 1993 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 D 1965503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 1993 only - Sep 5 0:00 0 S 1966503609a9SYuri Pankov 1967503609a9SYuri Pankov# The dates for 1994-1995 were obtained from Office of the Spokeswoman for the 1968503609a9SYuri Pankov# Ministry of Interior, Jerusalem, Israel. The spokeswoman can be reached by 1969503609a9SYuri Pankov# calling the office directly at 972-2-6701447 or 972-2-6701448. 1970503609a9SYuri Pankov 1971f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1972503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 1973503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 1994 only - Aug 28 0:00 0 S 1974503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 1995 only - Mar 31 0:00 1:00 D 1975503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 1995 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S 1976503609a9SYuri Pankov 1977503609a9SYuri Pankov# The dates for 1996 were determined by the Minister of Interior of the 1978503609a9SYuri Pankov# time, Haim Ramon. The official announcement regarding 1996-1998 1979503609a9SYuri Pankov# (with the dates for 1997-1998 no longer being relevant) can be viewed at: 1980503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1981503609a9SYuri Pankov# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/1996-1998.ramon.ps.gz 1982503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1983503609a9SYuri Pankov# The dates for 1997-1998 were altered by his successor, Rabbi Eli Suissa. 1984503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1985503609a9SYuri Pankov# The official announcements for the years 1997-1999 can be viewed at: 1986503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1987503609a9SYuri Pankov# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/YYYY.ps.gz 1988503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1989503609a9SYuri Pankov# where YYYY is the relevant year. 1990503609a9SYuri Pankov 1991f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1992f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1996 only - Mar 14 24:00 1:00 D 1993f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1996 only - Sep 15 24:00 0 S 1994f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1997 only - Mar 20 24:00 1:00 D 1995f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Zion 1997 only - Sep 13 24:00 0 S 1996503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 1998 only - Mar 20 0:00 1:00 D 1997503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 1998 only - Sep 6 0:00 0 S 1998503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 1999 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 D 1999503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 1999 only - Sep 3 2:00 0 S 2000503609a9SYuri Pankov 2001503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Knesset Interior Committee has changed the dates for 2000 for 2002503609a9SYuri Pankov# the third time in just over a year and have set new dates for the 2003503609a9SYuri Pankov# years 2001-2004 as well. 2004503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2005503609a9SYuri Pankov# The official announcement for the start date of 2000 can be viewed at: 2006503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2007503609a9SYuri Pankov# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-start.ps.gz 2008503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2009503609a9SYuri Pankov# The official announcement for the end date of 2000 and the dates 2010503609a9SYuri Pankov# for the years 2001-2004 can be viewed at: 2011503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2012503609a9SYuri Pankov# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2000-2004.ps.gz 2013503609a9SYuri Pankov 2014f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2015503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2000 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D 2016503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2000 only - Oct 6 1:00 0 S 2017503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2001 only - Apr 9 1:00 1:00 D 2018503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2001 only - Sep 24 1:00 0 S 2019503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2002 only - Mar 29 1:00 1:00 D 2020503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2002 only - Oct 7 1:00 0 S 2021503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2003 only - Mar 28 1:00 1:00 D 2022503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2003 only - Oct 3 1:00 0 S 2023503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2004 only - Apr 7 1:00 1:00 D 2024503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2004 only - Sep 22 1:00 0 S 2025503609a9SYuri Pankov 2026503609a9SYuri Pankov# The proposed law agreed upon by the Knesset Interior Committee on 2027503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2005-02-14 is that, for 2005 and beyond, DST starts at 02:00 the 2028503609a9SYuri Pankov# last Friday before April 2nd (i.e. the last Friday in March or April 2029503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1st itself if it falls on a Friday) and ends at 02:00 on the Saturday 2030503609a9SYuri Pankov# night _before_ the fast of Yom Kippur. 2031503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2032503609a9SYuri Pankov# Those who can read Hebrew can view the announcement at: 2033503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2034503609a9SYuri Pankov# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/announcements/2005+beyond.ps 2035503609a9SYuri Pankov 2036f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2037374df668SAndy FiddamanRule Zion 2005 2012 - Apr Fri<=1 2:00 1:00 D 2038503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 S 2039503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2006 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S 2040503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2007 only - Sep 16 2:00 0 S 2041503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2008 only - Oct 5 2:00 0 S 2042503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2009 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 S 2043503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2010 only - Sep 12 2:00 0 S 2044503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2011 only - Oct 2 2:00 0 S 2045503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2012 only - Sep 23 2:00 0 S 2046503609a9SYuri Pankov 2047f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# From Ephraim Silverberg (2020-10-26): 2048f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# The current time law (2013) from the State of Israel can be viewed 2049f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# (in Hebrew) at: 2050f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# ftp://ftp.cs.huji.ac.il/pub/tz/israel/announcements/2013+law.pdf 2051f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# It translates to: 2052f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Every year, in the period from the Friday before the last Sunday in 2053f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# the month of March at 02:00 a.m. until the last Sunday of the month 2054f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# of October at 02:00 a.m., Israel Time will be advanced an additional 2055f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# hour such that it will be UTC+3. 2056503609a9SYuri Pankov 2057f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2058503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2013 max - Mar Fri>=23 2:00 1:00 D 2059503609a9SYuri PankovRule Zion 2013 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S 2060503609a9SYuri Pankov 2061374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2062503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:54 - LMT 1880 2063503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:20:40 - JMT 1918 # Jerusalem Mean Time? 2064503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 Zion I%sT 2065503609a9SYuri Pankov 2066503609a9SYuri Pankov 2067503609a9SYuri Pankov 2068503609a9SYuri Pankov############################################################################### 2069503609a9SYuri Pankov 2070503609a9SYuri Pankov# Japan 2071503609a9SYuri Pankov 2072503609a9SYuri Pankov# '9:00' and 'JST' is from Guy Harris. 2073503609a9SYuri Pankov 20745254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2020-01-19): 20755254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# Starting in the 7th century, Japan generally followed an ancient Chinese 20765254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# timekeeping system that divided night and day into six hours each, 20775254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# with hour length depending on season. In 1873 the government 20785254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# started requiring the use of a Western style 24-hour clock. See: 20795254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# Yulia Frumer, "Making Time: Astronomical Time Measurement in Tokugawa Japan" 20805254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# <https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1043907065>. As the tzdb code and 20815254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# data support only 24-hour clocks, its tables model timestamps before 20825254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 1873 using Western-style local mean time. 20835254d4faSAndy Fiddaman 20845254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-09): 20855254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 'Tokyo' usually stands for the former location of Tokyo Astronomical 20865254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# Observatory: 139° 44' 40.90" E (9h 18m 58.727s), 35° 39' 16.0" N. 20875254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# This data is from 'Rika Nenpyou (Chronological Scientific Tables) 1996' 20885254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# edited by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan.... 20895254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# JST (Japan Standard Time) has been used since 1888-01-01 00:00 (JST). 20905254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# The law is enacted on 1886-07-07. 20915254d4faSAndy Fiddaman 20925254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1998-11-16): 20935254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# The ordinance No. 51 (1886) established "standard time" in Japan, 20945254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# which stands for the time on 135° E. 20955254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# In the ordinance No. 167 (1895), "standard time" was renamed to "central 20965254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# standard time". And the same ordinance also established "western standard 20975254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# time", which stands for the time on 120° E.... But "western standard 20985254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# time" was abolished in the ordinance No. 529 (1937). In the ordinance No. 20995254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 167, there is no mention regarding for what place western standard time is 21005254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# standard.... 21015254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 21025254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# I wrote "ordinance" above, but I don't know how to translate. 21035254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# In Japanese it's "chokurei", which means ordinance from emperor. 21045254d4faSAndy Fiddaman 21055254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# From Yu-Cheng Chuang (2013-07-12): 21065254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# ...the Meiji Emperor announced Ordinance No. 167 of Meiji Year 28 "The clause 21075254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# about standard time" ... The adoption began from Jan 1, 1896. 21085254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/標準時ニ關スル件_(公布時) 21095254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# 21105254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# ...the Showa Emperor announced Ordinance No. 529 of Showa Year 12 ... which 21115254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# means the whole Japan territory, including later occupations, adopt Japan 21125254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# Central Time (UT+9). The adoption began on Oct 1, 1937. 21135254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/明治二十八年勅令第百六十七號標準時ニ關スル件中改正ノ件 21145254d4faSAndy Fiddaman 2115503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (1995-03-06): 2116503609a9SYuri Pankov# Today's _Asahi Evening News_ (page 4) reports that Japan had 2117503609a9SYuri Pankov# daylight saving between 1948 and 1951, but "the system was discontinued 2118503609a9SYuri Pankov# because the public believed it would lead to longer working hours." 2119503609a9SYuri Pankov 2120503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Mayumi Negishi in the 2005-08-10 Japan Times: 2121503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/getarticle.pl5?nn20050810f2.htm 2122503609a9SYuri Pankov# Occupation authorities imposed daylight-saving time on Japan on 2123503609a9SYuri Pankov# [1948-05-01].... But lack of prior debate and the execution of 2124503609a9SYuri Pankov# daylight-saving time just three days after the bill was passed generated 2125503609a9SYuri Pankov# deep hatred of the concept.... The Diet unceremoniously passed a bill to 2126503609a9SYuri Pankov# dump the unpopular system in October 1951, less than a month after the San 2127503609a9SYuri Pankov# Francisco Peace Treaty was signed. (A government poll in 1951 showed 53% 2128503609a9SYuri Pankov# of the Japanese wanted to scrap daylight-saving time, as opposed to 30% who 2129503609a9SYuri Pankov# wanted to keep it.) 2130503609a9SYuri Pankov 21314dac00ceSAndy Fiddaman# From Takayuki Nikai (2018-01-19): 21324dac00ceSAndy Fiddaman# The source of information is Japanese law. 21334dac00ceSAndy Fiddaman# http://www.shugiin.go.jp/internet/itdb_housei.nsf/html/houritsu/00219480428029.htm 21344dac00ceSAndy Fiddaman# http://www.shugiin.go.jp/internet/itdb_housei.nsf/html/houritsu/00719500331039.htm 21354dac00ceSAndy Fiddaman# ... In summary, it is written as follows. From 24:00 on the first Saturday 21364dac00ceSAndy Fiddaman# in May, until 0:00 on the day after the second Saturday in September. 213705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 213805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# From Phake Nick (2018-09-27): 213905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# [T]he webpage authored by National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 214005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# https://eco.mtk.nao.ac.jp/koyomi/wiki/BBFEB9EF2FB2C6BBFEB9EF.html 214105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# ... mentioned that using Showa 23 (year 1948) as example, 13pm of September 214205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 11 in summer time will equal to 0am of September 12 in standard time. 214305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# It cited a document issued by the Liaison Office which briefly existed 214405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# during the postwar period of Japan, where the detail on implementation 214505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# of the summer time is described in the document. 214605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# https://eco.mtk.nao.ac.jp/koyomi/wiki/BBFEB9EF2FB2C6BBFEB9EFB2C6BBFEB9EFA4CEBCC2BBDCA4CBA4C4A4A4A4C6.pdf 214705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# The text in the document do instruct a fall back to occur at 214805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# September 11, 13pm in summer time, while ordinary citizens can 214905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# change the clock before they sleep. 215005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 215105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2018-09-27): 215205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# This instruction is equivalent to "Sat>=8 25:00", so use that. zic treats 215305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# it like "Sun>=9 01:00", which is not quite the same but is the best we can 215405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# do in any POSIX or C platform. The "25:00" assumes zic from 2007 or later, 215505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# which should be safe now. 215605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 2157f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 21584dac00ceSAndy FiddamanRule Japan 1948 only - May Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D 215905e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Japan 1948 1951 - Sep Sat>=8 25:00 0 S 21604dac00ceSAndy FiddamanRule Japan 1949 only - Apr Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D 21614dac00ceSAndy FiddamanRule Japan 1950 1951 - May Sat>=1 24:00 1:00 D 2162503609a9SYuri Pankov 2163374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2164503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Tokyo 9:18:59 - LMT 1887 Dec 31 15:00u 2165503609a9SYuri Pankov 9:00 Japan J%sT 2166251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Since 1938, all Japanese possessions have been like Asia/Tokyo, 2167251a62bcSDominik Hassler# except that Truk (Chuuk), Ponape (Pohnpei), and Jaluit (Kosrae) did not 2168251a62bcSDominik Hassler# switch from +10 to +09 until 1941-04-01; see the 'australasia' file. 2169503609a9SYuri Pankov 2170503609a9SYuri Pankov# Jordan 2171503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2172503609a9SYuri Pankov# From <http://star.arabia.com/990701/JO9.html> 2173503609a9SYuri Pankov# Jordan Week (1999-07-01) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): 2174503609a9SYuri Pankov# Clocks in Jordan were forwarded one hour on Wednesday at midnight, 2175503609a9SYuri Pankov# in accordance with the government's decision to implement summer time 2176503609a9SYuri Pankov# all year round. 2177503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2178503609a9SYuri Pankov# From <http://star.arabia.com/990930/JO9.html> 2179503609a9SYuri Pankov# Jordan Week (1999-09-30) via Steffen Thorsen (1999-11-09): 2180503609a9SYuri Pankov# Winter time starts today Thursday, 30 September. Clocks will be turned back 2181503609a9SYuri Pankov# by one hour. This is the latest government decision and it's final! 2182503609a9SYuri Pankov# The decision was taken because of the increase in working hours in 2183503609a9SYuri Pankov# government's departments from six to seven hours. 2184503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2185503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 2186503609a9SYuri Pankov# Starting 2003 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 2187503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2188503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 2189503609a9SYuri Pankov# For Jordan I have received multiple independent user reports every year 2190503609a9SYuri Pankov# about DST end dates, as the end-rule is different every year. 2191503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2192503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-10-01), after a heads-up from Hilal Malawi: 2193503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.petranews.gov.jo/nepras/2006/Sep/05/4000.htm 2194503609a9SYuri Pankov# "Jordan will switch to winter time on Friday, October 27". 2195503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2196503609a9SYuri Pankov 2197503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-02): 2198503609a9SYuri Pankov# This single one might be good enough, (2009-03-24, Arabic): 2199503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://petra.gov.jo/Artical.aspx?Lng=2&Section=8&Artical=95279 2200503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2201503609a9SYuri Pankov# Google's translation: 2202503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2203503609a9SYuri Pankov# > The Council of Ministers decided in 2002 to adopt the principle of timely 2204503609a9SYuri Pankov# > submission of the summer at 60 minutes as of midnight on the last Thursday 2205503609a9SYuri Pankov# > of the month of March of each year. 2206503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2207503609a9SYuri Pankov# So - this means the midnight between Thursday and Friday since 2002. 2208503609a9SYuri Pankov 2209503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-06): 2210503609a9SYuri Pankov# We still have Jordan switching to DST on Thursdays in 2000 and 2001. 2211503609a9SYuri Pankov 2212503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-10-25): 2213503609a9SYuri Pankov# Yesterday the government in Jordan announced that they will not 2214503609a9SYuri Pankov# switch back to standard time this winter, so the will stay on DST 2215503609a9SYuri Pankov# until about the same time next year (at least). 2216503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?NewsID=88950 2217503609a9SYuri Pankov 2218503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-12-11): 2219503609a9SYuri Pankov# Jordan Times and other sources say that Jordan is going back to 2220503609a9SYuri Pankov# UTC+2 on 2013-12-19 at midnight: 2221503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://jordantimes.com/govt-decides-to-switch-back-to-wintertime 2222503609a9SYuri Pankov# Official, in Arabic: 2223503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.petra.gov.jo/public_news/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?Menu_ID=&Site_Id=2&lang=1&NewsID=133230&CatID=14 2224503609a9SYuri Pankov# ... Our background/permalink about it 2225b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/jordan-reverses-dst-decision.html 2226503609a9SYuri Pankov# ... 2227503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.petra.gov.jo/Public_News/Nws_NewsDetails.aspx?lang=2&site_id=1&NewsID=133313&Type=P 2228503609a9SYuri Pankov# ... says midnight for the coming one and 1:00 for the ones in the future 2229503609a9SYuri Pankov# (and they will use DST again next year, using the normal schedule). 2230503609a9SYuri Pankov 2231503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2013-12-11): 2232503609a9SYuri Pankov# As Steffen suggested, consider the past 21-month experiment to be DST. 2233503609a9SYuri Pankov 2234db7e2a90SAndy Fiddaman# From Steffen Thorsen (2021-09-24): 2235db7e2a90SAndy Fiddaman# The Jordanian Government announced yesterday that they will start DST 2236db7e2a90SAndy Fiddaman# in February instead of March: 2237db7e2a90SAndy Fiddaman# https://petra.gov.jo/Include/InnerPage.jsp?ID=37683&lang=en&name=en_news (English) 2238db7e2a90SAndy Fiddaman# https://petra.gov.jo/Include/InnerPage.jsp?ID=189969&lang=ar&name=news (Arabic) 2239db7e2a90SAndy Fiddaman# From the Arabic version, it seems to say it would be at midnight 2240db7e2a90SAndy Fiddaman# (assume 24:00) on the last Thursday in February, starting from 2022. 2241db7e2a90SAndy Fiddaman 2242f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2243503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1973 only - Jun 6 0:00 1:00 S 2244503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1973 1975 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2245503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1974 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 2246503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1976 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 2247503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1977 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2248503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 2249503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 2250503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1985 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 2251503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1985 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2252503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1986 1988 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2253503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1986 1990 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 2254503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1989 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 S 2255503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1990 only - Apr 27 0:00 1:00 S 2256503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1991 only - Apr 17 0:00 1:00 S 2257503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1991 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 2258503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1992 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 S 2259503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1992 1993 - Oct Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 2260503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1993 1998 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 2261503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1994 only - Sep Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 2262503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1995 1998 - Sep Fri>=15 0:00s 0 - 2263503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1999 only - Jul 1 0:00s 1:00 S 2264503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 1999 2002 - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 2265503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 2000 2001 - Mar lastThu 0:00s 1:00 S 2266503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 2002 2012 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 2267503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 2003 only - Oct 24 0:00s 0 - 2268503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 2004 only - Oct 15 0:00s 0 - 2269503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 2005 only - Sep lastFri 0:00s 0 - 2270503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 2006 2011 - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 2271503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 2013 only - Dec 20 0:00 0 - 2272db7e2a90SAndy FiddamanRule Jordan 2014 2021 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 2273503609a9SYuri PankovRule Jordan 2014 max - Oct lastFri 0:00s 0 - 2274db7e2a90SAndy FiddamanRule Jordan 2022 max - Feb lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 2275374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2276503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Amman 2:23:44 - LMT 1931 2277503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 2278503609a9SYuri Pankov 2279503609a9SYuri Pankov 2280503609a9SYuri Pankov# Kazakhstan 2281503609a9SYuri Pankov 2282503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Kazakhstan Embassy's News Bulletin No. 11 2283503609a9SYuri Pankov# <http://www.kazsociety.org.uk/news/2005/03/30.htm> (2005-03-21): 2284503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution March 15 abolishing 2285503609a9SYuri Pankov# daylight saving time citing lack of economic benefits and health 2286503609a9SYuri Pankov# complications coupled with a decrease in productivity. 2287503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2288503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Branislav Kojic (in Astana) via Gwillim Law (2005-06-28): 2289503609a9SYuri Pankov# ... what happened was that the former Kazakhstan Eastern time zone 2290503609a9SYuri Pankov# was "blended" with the Central zone. Therefore, Kazakhstan now has 2291503609a9SYuri Pankov# two time zones, and difference between them is one hour. The zone 2292503609a9SYuri Pankov# closer to UTC is the former Western zone (probably still called the 2293dafc4501SDan McDonald# same), encompassing four provinces in the west: Aqtöbe, Atyraū, 2294dafc4501SDan McDonald# Mangghystaū, and West Kazakhstan. The other zone encompasses 2295503609a9SYuri Pankov# everything else.... I guess that would make Kazakhstan time zones 2296503609a9SYuri Pankov# de jure UTC+5 and UTC+6 respectively. 2297503609a9SYuri Pankov 2298dafc4501SDan McDonald# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-03-27): 2299503609a9SYuri Pankov# Review of the linked documents from http://adilet.zan.kz/ 2300503609a9SYuri Pankov# produced the following data for post-1991 Kazakhstan: 2301503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2302503609a9SYuri Pankov# 0. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR 2303503609a9SYuri Pankov# from 1991-02-04 No. 20 2304503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102010545 2305503609a9SYuri Pankov# removed the extra hour ("decree time") on the territory of the USSR 2306503609a9SYuri Pankov# starting with the last Sunday of March 1991. 2307503609a9SYuri Pankov# It also allowed (but not mandated) Kazakh SSR, Kirghiz SSR, Tajik SSR, 2308503609a9SYuri Pankov# Turkmen SSR and Uzbek SSR to not have "summer" time. 2309503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2310503609a9SYuri Pankov# The 1992-01-13 act also refers to the act of the Cabinet of Ministers 2311503609a9SYuri Pankov# of the Kazakh SSR from 1991-03-20 No. 170 "About the act of the Cabinet 2312503609a9SYuri Pankov# of Ministers of the USSR from 1991-02-04 No. 20" but I didn't found its 2313503609a9SYuri Pankov# text. 2314503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2315503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to Izvestia newspaper No. 68 (23334) from 1991-03-20 2316374df668SAndy Fiddaman# -- page 6; available at http://libinfo.org/newsr/newsr2574.djvu via 2317374df668SAndy Fiddaman# http://libinfo.org/index.php?id=58564 -- on 1991-03-31 at 2:00 during 2318503609a9SYuri Pankov# transition to "summer" time: 2319503609a9SYuri Pankov# Republic of Georgia, Latvian SSR, Lithuanian SSR, SSR Moldova, 2320503609a9SYuri Pankov# Estonian SSR; Komi ASSR; Kaliningrad oblast; Nenets autonomous okrug 2321503609a9SYuri Pankov# were to move clocks 1 hour forward. 2322503609a9SYuri Pankov# Kazakh SSR (excluding Uralsk oblast); Republic of Kyrgyzstan, Tajik 2323503609a9SYuri Pankov# SSR; Andijan, Jizzakh, Namangan, Sirdarya, Tashkent, Fergana oblasts 2324503609a9SYuri Pankov# of the Uzbek SSR were to move clocks 1 hour backwards. 2325503609a9SYuri Pankov# Other territories were to not move clocks. 2326503609a9SYuri Pankov# When the "summer" time would end on 1991-09-29, clocks were to be 2327503609a9SYuri Pankov# moved 1 hour backwards on the territory of the USSR excluding 2328503609a9SYuri Pankov# Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Uzbekistan, Turkmenia, Tajikistan. 2329503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2330503609a9SYuri Pankov# Apparently there were last minute changes. Apparently Kazakh act No. 170 2331503609a9SYuri Pankov# was one of such changes. 2332503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2333374df668SAndy Fiddaman# https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Декретное_время 2334503609a9SYuri Pankov# claims that Sovetskaya Rossiya newspaper on 1991-03-29 published that 2335503609a9SYuri Pankov# Nenets autonomous okrug, Komi and Kazakhstan (excluding Uralsk oblast) 2336503609a9SYuri Pankov# were to not move clocks and Uralsk oblast was to move clocks 2337503609a9SYuri Pankov# forward; on 1991-09-29 Kazakhstan was to move clocks backwards. 2338503609a9SYuri Pankov# (Probably there were changes even after that publication. There is an 2339503609a9SYuri Pankov# article claiming that Kaliningrad oblast decided on 1991-03-29 to not 2340503609a9SYuri Pankov# move clocks.) 2341503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2342503609a9SYuri Pankov# This implies that on 1991-03-31 Asia/Oral remained on +04/+05 while 2343503609a9SYuri Pankov# the rest of Kazakhstan switched from +06/+07 to +05/06 or from +05/06 2344dafc4501SDan McDonald# to +04/+05. It's unclear how Qyzylorda oblast moved into the fifth 2345503609a9SYuri Pankov# time belt. (By switching from +04/+05 to +05/+06 on 1991-09-29?) ... 2346503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2347503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2348503609a9SYuri Pankov# from 1992-01-13 No. 28 2349503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P920000028_ 2350503609a9SYuri Pankov# (text includes modification from the 1996 act) 2351503609a9SYuri Pankov# introduced new rules for calculation of time, mirroring Russian 2352503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1992-01-08 act. It specified that time would be calculated 2353503609a9SYuri Pankov# according to time belts plus extra hour ("decree time"), moved clocks 2354503609a9SYuri Pankov# on the whole territory of Kazakhstan 1 hour forward on 1992-01-19 at 2355503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2:00, specified DST rules. It acknowledged that Kazakhstan was 2356503609a9SYuri Pankov# located in the fourth and the fifth time belts and specified the 2357dafc4501SDan McDonald# border between them to be located east of Qostanay and Aktyubinsk 2358dafc4501SDan McDonald# oblasts (notably including Turgai and Qyzylorda oblasts into the fifth 2359503609a9SYuri Pankov# time belt). 2360503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2361503609a9SYuri Pankov# This means switch on 1992-01-19 at 2:00 from +04/+05 to +05/+06 for 2362dafc4501SDan McDonald# Asia/Aqtau, Asia/Aqtobe, Asia/Oral, Atyraū and Qostanay oblasts; from 2363dafc4501SDan McDonald# +05/+06 to +06/+07 for Asia/Almaty and Asia/Qyzylorda (and Arkalyk).... 2364503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2365503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2. Act of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2366503609a9SYuri Pankov# from 1992-03-27 No. 284 2367503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P920000284_ 2368dafc4501SDan McDonald# cancels extra hour ("decree time") for Uralsk and Qyzylorda oblasts 2369503609a9SYuri Pankov# since the last Sunday of March 1992, while keeping them in the fourth 2370503609a9SYuri Pankov# and the fifth time belts respectively. 2371503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2372503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3. Order of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2373503609a9SYuri Pankov# from 1994-09-23 No. 384 2374503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/R940000384_ 2375dafc4501SDan McDonald# cancels the extra hour ("decree time") on the territory of Mangghystaū 2376503609a9SYuri Pankov# oblast since the last Sunday of September 1994 (saying that time on 2377503609a9SYuri Pankov# the territory would correspond to the third time belt as a 2378503609a9SYuri Pankov# result).... 2379503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2380503609a9SYuri Pankov# 4. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2381503609a9SYuri Pankov# from 1996-05-08 No. 575 2382503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P960000575_ 2383503609a9SYuri Pankov# amends the 1992-01-13 act to end summer time in October instead 2384503609a9SYuri Pankov# of September, mirroring identical Russian change from 1996-04-23 act. 2385503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2386503609a9SYuri Pankov# 5. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2387503609a9SYuri Pankov# from 1999-03-26 No. 305 2388503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P990000305_ 2389dafc4501SDan McDonald# cancels the extra hour ("decree time") for Atyraū oblast since the 2390503609a9SYuri Pankov# last Sunday of March 1999 while retaining the oblast in the fourth 2391503609a9SYuri Pankov# time belt. 2392503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2393dafc4501SDan McDonald# This means change from +05/+06 to +04/+05.... 2394503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2395503609a9SYuri Pankov# 6. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2396503609a9SYuri Pankov# from 2000-11-23 No. 1749 2397503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/archive/docs/P000001749_/23.11.2000 2398503609a9SYuri Pankov# replaces the previous five documents. 2399503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2400503609a9SYuri Pankov# The only changes I noticed are in definition of the border between the 2401503609a9SYuri Pankov# fourth and the fifth time belts. They account for changes in spelling 2402503609a9SYuri Pankov# and administrative division (splitting of Turgai oblast in 1997 2403dafc4501SDan McDonald# probably changed time in territories incorporated into Qostanay oblast 2404dafc4501SDan McDonald# (including Arkalyk) from +06/+07 to +05/+06) and move Qyzylorda oblast 2405503609a9SYuri Pankov# from being in the fifth time belt and not using decree time into the 2406dafc4501SDan McDonald# fourth time belt (no change in practice). 2407503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2408503609a9SYuri Pankov# 7. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2409503609a9SYuri Pankov# from 2003-12-29 No. 1342 2410503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P030001342_ 2411503609a9SYuri Pankov# modified the 2000-11-23 act. No relevant changes, apparently. 2412503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2413503609a9SYuri Pankov# 8. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2414503609a9SYuri Pankov# from 2004-07-20 No. 775 2415503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/archive/docs/P040000775_/20.07.2004 2416dafc4501SDan McDonald# modified the 2000-11-23 act to move Qostanay and Qyzylorda oblasts into 2417503609a9SYuri Pankov# the fifth time belt and add Aktobe oblast to the list of regions not 2418503609a9SYuri Pankov# using extra hour ("decree time"), leaving Kazakhstan with only 2 time 2419503609a9SYuri Pankov# zones (+04/+05 and +06/+07). The changes were to be implemented 2420503609a9SYuri Pankov# during DST transitions in 2004 and 2005 but the acts got radically 2421503609a9SYuri Pankov# amended before implementation happened. 2422503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2423503609a9SYuri Pankov# 9. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2424503609a9SYuri Pankov# from 2004-09-15 No. 1059 2425503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P040001059_ 2426503609a9SYuri Pankov# modified the 2000-11-23 act to remove exceptions from the "decree time" 2427503609a9SYuri Pankov# (leaving Kazakhstan in +05/+06 and +06/+07 zones), amended the 2428dafc4501SDan McDonald# 2004-07-20 act to implement changes for Atyraū, West Kazakhstan, 2429dafc4501SDan McDonald# Qostanay, Qyzylorda and Mangghystaū oblasts by not moving clocks 2430dafc4501SDan McDonald# during the 2004 transition to "winter" time. 2431503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2432dafc4501SDan McDonald# This means transition from +04/+05 to +05/+06 for Atyraū oblast (no 2433503609a9SYuri Pankov# zone currently), Asia/Oral, Asia/Aqtau and transition from +05/+06 to 2434dafc4501SDan McDonald# +06/+07 for Qostanay oblast (Qostanay and Arkalyk, no zones currently) 2435dafc4501SDan McDonald# and Asia/Qyzylorda on 2004-10-31 at 3:00.... 2436503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2437503609a9SYuri Pankov# 10. Act of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2438503609a9SYuri Pankov# from 2005-03-15 No. 231 2439503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P050000231_ 2440503609a9SYuri Pankov# removes DST provisions from the 2000-11-23 act, removes most of the 2441503609a9SYuri Pankov# (already implemented) provisions from the 2004-07-20 and 2004-09-15 2442503609a9SYuri Pankov# acts, comes into effect 10 days after official publication. 2443503609a9SYuri Pankov# The only practical effect seems to be the abolition of the summer 2444503609a9SYuri Pankov# time. 2445503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2446503609a9SYuri Pankov# Unamended version of the act of the Government of the Russian Federation 2447503609a9SYuri Pankov# No. 23 from 1992-01-08 [See 'europe' file for details]. 2448503609a9SYuri Pankov# Kazakh 1992-01-13 act appears to provide the same rules and 1992-03-27 2449503609a9SYuri Pankov# act was to be enacted on the last Sunday of March 1992. 2450503609a9SYuri Pankov 2451dafc4501SDan McDonald# From Stepan Golosunov (2016-11-08): 2452dafc4501SDan McDonald# Turgai reorganization should affect only southern part of Qostanay 2453dafc4501SDan McDonald# oblast. Which should probably be separated into Asia/Arkalyk zone. 2454dafc4501SDan McDonald# (There were also 1970, 1988 and 1990 Turgai oblast reorganizations 2455dafc4501SDan McDonald# according to wikipedia.) 2456503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2457dafc4501SDan McDonald# [For Qostanay] http://www.ng.kz/gazeta/195/hranit/ 2458dafc4501SDan McDonald# suggests that clocks were to be moved 40 minutes backwards on 2459dafc4501SDan McDonald# 1920-01-01 to the fourth time belt. But I do not understand 2460dafc4501SDan McDonald# how that could happen.... 2461dafc4501SDan McDonald# 2462dafc4501SDan McDonald# [For Atyrau and Oral] 1919 decree 2463dafc4501SDan McDonald# (http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_russia-1919-02-08.html 2464dafc4501SDan McDonald# and in Byalokoz) lists Ural river (plus 10 versts on its left bank) in 2465dafc4501SDan McDonald# the third time belt (before 1930 this means +03). 2466dafc4501SDan McDonald 2467251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Alexander Konzurovski (2018-12-20): 2468251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Qyzyolrda Region (Asia/Qyzylorda) is changing its time zone from 2469251a62bcSDominik Hassler# UTC+6 to UTC+5 effective December 21st, 2018. The legal document is 2470251a62bcSDominik Hassler# located here: http://adilet.zan.kz/rus/docs/P1800000817 (russian language). 2471dafc4501SDan McDonald 2472374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2473503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2474503609a9SYuri Pankov# Almaty (formerly Alma-Ata), representing most locations in Kazakhstan 2475503609a9SYuri Pankov# This includes KZ-AKM, KZ-ALA, KZ-ALM, KZ-AST, KZ-BAY, KZ-VOS, KZ-ZHA, 2476503609a9SYuri Pankov# KZ-KAR, KZ-SEV, KZ-PAV, and KZ-YUZ. 2477503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Almaty 5:07:48 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Alma-Ata 2478503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 2479503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2480503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2481503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 2482503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:00 - +06 2483503609a9SYuri Pankov# Qyzylorda (aka Kyzylorda, Kizilorda, Kzyl-Orda, etc.) (KZ-KZY) 2484503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Qyzylorda 4:21:52 - LMT 1924 May 2 2485503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 2486503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 2487503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 2488503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 2489503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2490503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1991 Sep 29 2:00s 2491503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2492503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 2493503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 2494251a62bcSDominik Hassler 6:00 - +06 2018 Dec 21 0:00 2495251a62bcSDominik Hassler 5:00 - +05 2496dafc4501SDan McDonald# 2497251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Qostanay (aka Kostanay, Kustanay) (KZ-KUS) 2498251a62bcSDominik Hassler# The 1991/2 rules are unclear partly because of the 1997 Turgai 2499251a62bcSDominik Hassler# reorganization. 2500251a62bcSDominik HasslerZone Asia/Qostanay 4:14:28 - LMT 1924 May 2 2501251a62bcSDominik Hassler 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 2502251a62bcSDominik Hassler 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 2503251a62bcSDominik Hassler 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 2504251a62bcSDominik Hassler 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 2505251a62bcSDominik Hassler 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2506251a62bcSDominik Hassler 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2507251a62bcSDominik Hassler 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 2508251a62bcSDominik Hassler 6:00 - +06 2509251a62bcSDominik Hassler 2510dafc4501SDan McDonald# Aqtöbe (aka Aktobe, formerly Aktyubinsk) (KZ-AKT) 2511503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Aqtobe 3:48:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 2512503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 2513503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 2514503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 2515503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 2516503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2517503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2518503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 2519503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 2520dafc4501SDan McDonald# Mangghystaū (KZ-MAN) 2521503609a9SYuri Pankov# Aqtau was not founded until 1963, but it represents an inhabited region, 2522503609a9SYuri Pankov# so include timestamps before 1963. 2523503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Aqtau 3:21:04 - LMT 1924 May 2 2524503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 2525503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 1981 Oct 1 2526503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 2527503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2528503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2529503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1994 Sep 25 2:00s 2530503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 2531503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 2532dafc4501SDan McDonald# Atyraū (KZ-ATY) is like Mangghystaū except it switched from 2533dafc4501SDan McDonald# +04/+05 to +05/+06 in spring 1999, not fall 1994. 2534dafc4501SDan McDonaldZone Asia/Atyrau 3:27:44 - LMT 1924 May 2 2535dafc4501SDan McDonald 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 2536dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:00 - +05 1981 Oct 1 2537dafc4501SDan McDonald 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 2538dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2539dafc4501SDan McDonald 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2540dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1999 Mar 28 2:00s 2541dafc4501SDan McDonald 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 2542dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:00 - +05 2543503609a9SYuri Pankov# West Kazakhstan (KZ-ZAP) 2544503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18): 2545503609a9SYuri Pankov# The 1989 transition is from USSR act No. 227 (1989-03-14). 2546503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Oral 3:25:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ural'sk 2547dafc4501SDan McDonald 3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21 2548503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 2549503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 2550503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 2551503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1989 Mar 26 2:00s 2552503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00s 2553503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 Mar 29 2:00s 2554503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 2004 Oct 31 2:00s 2555503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 2556503609a9SYuri Pankov 2557503609a9SYuri Pankov# Kyrgyzstan (Kirgizstan) 2558503609a9SYuri Pankov# Transitions through 1991 are from Shanks & Pottenger. 2559503609a9SYuri Pankov 2560503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-15): 2561503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to an article dated today in the Kyrgyzstan Development Gateway 2562503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://eng.gateway.kg/cgi-bin/page.pl?id=1&story_name=doc9979.shtml 2563503609a9SYuri Pankov# Kyrgyzstan is canceling the daylight saving time system. I take the article 2564503609a9SYuri Pankov# to mean that they will leave their clocks at 6 hours ahead of UTC. 2565503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Malik Abdugaliev (2005-09-21): 2566503609a9SYuri Pankov# Our government cancels daylight saving time 6th of August 2005. 2567503609a9SYuri Pankov# From 2005-08-12 our GMT-offset is +6, w/o any daylight saving. 2568503609a9SYuri Pankov 2569f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 25703508b934SYuri PankovRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Apr Sun>=7 0:00s 1:00 - 2571503609a9SYuri PankovRule Kyrgyz 1992 1996 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 25723508b934SYuri PankovRule Kyrgyz 1997 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:30 1:00 - 2573503609a9SYuri PankovRule Kyrgyz 1997 2004 - Oct lastSun 2:30 0 - 2574374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2575503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Bishkek 4:58:24 - LMT 1924 May 2 2576503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 2577503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 2578503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Aug 31 2:00 2579503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 Kyrgyz +05/+06 2005 Aug 12 2580503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:00 - +06 2581503609a9SYuri Pankov 2582503609a9SYuri Pankov############################################################################### 2583503609a9SYuri Pankov 2584503609a9SYuri Pankov# Korea (North and South) 2585503609a9SYuri Pankov 2586503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Annie I. Bang (2006-07-10): 2587503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=200607100012 2588503609a9SYuri Pankov# Korea ran a daylight saving program from 1949-61 but stopped it 2589503609a9SYuri Pankov# during the 1950-53 Korean War. The system was temporarily enforced 2590503609a9SYuri Pankov# between 1987 and 1988 ... 2591503609a9SYuri Pankov 2592503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Sanghyuk Jung (2014-10-29): 2593b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021830.html 2594503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to the Korean Wikipedia 2595b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/한국_표준시 2596503609a9SYuri Pankov# [oldid=12896437 2014-09-04 08:03 UTC] 2597503609a9SYuri Pankov# DST in Republic of Korea was as follows.... And I checked old 2598503609a9SYuri Pankov# newspapers in Korean, all articles correspond with data in Wikipedia. 2599503609a9SYuri Pankov# For example, the article in 1948 (Korean Language) proved that DST 2600503609a9SYuri Pankov# started at June 1 in that year. For another example, the article in 2601503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1988 said that DST started at 2:00 AM in that year. 2602503609a9SYuri Pankov 2603251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27): 2604251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 1. According to official announcement from Korean government, the DST end 2605251a62bcSDominik Hassler# date in South Korea should be 2606251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 1955-09-08 without specifying time 2607251a62bcSDominik Hassler# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027977557 2608251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 1956-09-29 without specifying time 2609251a62bcSDominik Hassler# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027978341 2610251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 1957-09-21 24 o'clock 2611251a62bcSDominik Hassler# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027979690#3 2612251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 1958-09-20 24 o'clock 2613251a62bcSDominik Hassler# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027981189 2614251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 1959-09-19 24 o'clock 2615251a62bcSDominik Hassler# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0027982974#2 2616251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 1960-09-17 24 o'clock 2617251a62bcSDominik Hassler# http://theme.archives.go.kr/next/common/viewEbook.do?singleData=N&archiveEventId=0028044104 2618251a62bcSDominik Hassler# ... 2619251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 2.... https://namu.wiki/w/대한민국%20표준시 ... [says] 2620251a62bcSDominik Hassler# when Korea was using GMT+8:30 as standard time, the international 2621251a62bcSDominik Hassler# aviation/marine/meteorological industry in the country refused to 2622251a62bcSDominik Hassler# follow and continued to use GMT+9:00 for interoperability. 2623251a62bcSDominik Hassler 2624251a62bcSDominik Hassler 2625f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2626503609a9SYuri PankovRule ROK 1948 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D 2627251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule ROK 1948 only - Sep 12 24:00 0 S 2628503609a9SYuri PankovRule ROK 1949 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 D 2629251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule ROK 1949 1951 - Sep Sat>=7 24:00 0 S 2630503609a9SYuri PankovRule ROK 1950 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D 2631503609a9SYuri PankovRule ROK 1951 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D 2632503609a9SYuri PankovRule ROK 1955 only - May 5 0:00 1:00 D 2633251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule ROK 1955 only - Sep 8 24:00 0 S 2634503609a9SYuri PankovRule ROK 1956 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D 2635251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule ROK 1956 only - Sep 29 24:00 0 S 2636503609a9SYuri PankovRule ROK 1957 1960 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D 2637251a62bcSDominik HasslerRule ROK 1957 1960 - Sep Sat>=17 24:00 0 S 2638503609a9SYuri PankovRule ROK 1987 1988 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D 2639503609a9SYuri PankovRule ROK 1987 1988 - Oct Sun>=8 3:00 0 S 2640503609a9SYuri Pankov 2641503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2016-08-23): 2642503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Korean Wikipedia entry gives the following sources for UT offsets: 2643503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2644503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1908: Official Journal Article No. 3994 (decree No. 5) 2645503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1912: Governor-General of Korea Official Gazette Issue No. 367 2646503609a9SYuri Pankov# (Announcement No. 338) 2647503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1954: Presidential Decree No. 876 (1954-03-17) 2648503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1961: Law No. 676 (1961-08-07) 2649503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2650503609a9SYuri Pankov# (Another source "1987: Law No. 3919 (1986-12-31)" was in the 2014-10-30 2651503609a9SYuri Pankov# edition of the Korean Wikipedia entry.) 2652503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2653503609a9SYuri Pankov# I guessed that time zone abbreviations through 1945 followed the same 2654503609a9SYuri Pankov# rules as discussed under Taiwan, with nominal switches from JST to KST 2655503609a9SYuri Pankov# when the respective cities were taken over by the Allies after WWII. 2656503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2657503609a9SYuri Pankov# For Pyongyang, guess no changes from World War II until 2015, as we 2658503609a9SYuri Pankov# have no information otherwise. 2659503609a9SYuri Pankov 2660503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-08-07): 2661503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to many news sources, North Korea is going to change to 2662503609a9SYuri Pankov# the 8:30 time zone on August 15, one example: 2663503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-33815049 2664503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2665503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2015-08-15): 2666503609a9SYuri Pankov# Bells rang out midnight (00:00) Friday as part of the celebrations. See: 2667503609a9SYuri Pankov# Talmadge E. North Korea celebrates new time zone, 'Pyongyang Time' 2668503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://news.yahoo.com/north-korea-celebrates-time-zone-pyongyang-time-164038128.html 2669503609a9SYuri Pankov# There is no common English-language abbreviation for this time zone. 2670503609a9SYuri Pankov# Use KST, as that's what we already use for 1954-1961 in ROK. 2671503609a9SYuri Pankov 26723508b934SYuri Pankov# From Kang Seonghoon (2018-04-29): 26733508b934SYuri Pankov# North Korea will revert its time zone from UTC+8:30 (PYT; Pyongyang 26743508b934SYuri Pankov# Time) back to UTC+9 (KST; Korea Standard Time). 26753508b934SYuri Pankov# 26763508b934SYuri Pankov# From Seo Sanghyeon (2018-04-30): 26773508b934SYuri Pankov# Rodong Sinmun 2018-04-30 announced Pyongyang Time transition plan. 26783508b934SYuri Pankov# https://www.nknews.org/kcna/wp-content/uploads/sites/5/2018/04/rodong-2018-04-30.pdf 26793508b934SYuri Pankov# ... the transition date is 2018-05-05 ... Citation should be Decree 26803508b934SYuri Pankov# No. 2232 of April 30, 2018, of the Presidium of the Supreme People's 26813508b934SYuri Pankov# Assembly, as published in Rodong Sinmun. 26823508b934SYuri Pankov# From Tim Parenti (2018-04-29): 26833508b934SYuri Pankov# It appears to be the front page story at the top in the right-most column. 268405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 268505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2018-05-04): 268605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# The BBC reported that the transition was from 23:30 to 24:00 today. 268705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-44010705 26883508b934SYuri Pankov 2689374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2690503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Seoul 8:27:52 - LMT 1908 Apr 1 2691503609a9SYuri Pankov 8:30 - KST 1912 Jan 1 2692503609a9SYuri Pankov 9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 8 2693374df668SAndy Fiddaman 9:00 ROK K%sT 1954 Mar 21 2694503609a9SYuri Pankov 8:30 ROK K%sT 1961 Aug 10 2695503609a9SYuri Pankov 9:00 ROK K%sT 2696503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Pyongyang 8:23:00 - LMT 1908 Apr 1 2697503609a9SYuri Pankov 8:30 - KST 1912 Jan 1 2698503609a9SYuri Pankov 9:00 - JST 1945 Aug 24 2699503609a9SYuri Pankov 9:00 - KST 2015 Aug 15 00:00 270005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 8:30 - KST 2018 May 4 23:30 27013508b934SYuri Pankov 9:00 - KST 2702503609a9SYuri Pankov 2703503609a9SYuri Pankov############################################################################### 2704503609a9SYuri Pankov 2705503609a9SYuri Pankov# Kuwait 2706503609a9SYuri Pankov# See Asia/Riyadh. 2707503609a9SYuri Pankov 2708503609a9SYuri Pankov# Laos 2709503609a9SYuri Pankov# See Asia/Bangkok. 2710503609a9SYuri Pankov 2711503609a9SYuri Pankov 2712503609a9SYuri Pankov# Lebanon 2713f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 2714503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 2715503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - 2716503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 2717503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 2718503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 2719503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 2720503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1923 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 S 2721503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1923 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 2722503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 2723503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1957 1961 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2724503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1972 only - Jun 22 0:00 1:00 S 2725503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1972 1977 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2726503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1973 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 2727503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1978 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 2728503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1978 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 2729503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1984 1987 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 2730503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1984 1991 - Oct 16 0:00 0 - 2731503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 2732503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1989 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 2733503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1990 1992 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 2734503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1992 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 2735503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1993 max - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 2736503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1993 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 2737503609a9SYuri PankovRule Lebanon 1999 max - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - 2738374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2739503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880 2740503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 Lebanon EE%sT 2741503609a9SYuri Pankov 2742503609a9SYuri Pankov# Malaysia 2743f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 27443508b934SYuri PankovRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 - 2745503609a9SYuri PankovRule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 - 2746503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2747503609a9SYuri Pankov# peninsular Malaysia 2748503609a9SYuri Pankov# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 2749*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# https://web.archive.org/web/20190822231045/http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/~mathelmr/teaching/timezone.html 2750*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# This agrees with Singapore since 1905-06-01. 2751374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2752503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 2753503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 2754dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1933 Jan 1 2755dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:00 0:20 +0720 1936 Jan 1 2756dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:20 - +0720 1941 Sep 1 2757dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1942 Feb 16 2758dafc4501SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12 2759dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1982 Jan 1 2760dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 2761503609a9SYuri Pankov# Sabah & Sarawak 2762503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-12): 2763503609a9SYuri Pankov# The data entries here are mostly from Shanks & Pottenger, but the 1942, 1945 2764503609a9SYuri Pankov# and 1982 transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng. 2765374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2766503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar 2767dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1933 2768dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 NBorneo +08/+0820 1942 Feb 16 2769dafc4501SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12 2770dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 2771503609a9SYuri Pankov 2772503609a9SYuri Pankov# Maldives 2773374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 27744b8ee424SYuri PankovZone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Malé 27754b8ee424SYuri Pankov 4:54:00 - MMT 1960 # Malé Mean Time 2776dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:00 - +05 2777503609a9SYuri Pankov 2778503609a9SYuri Pankov# Mongolia 2779503609a9SYuri Pankov 2780503609a9SYuri Pankov# Shanks & Pottenger say that Mongolia has three time zones, but 2781503609a9SYuri Pankov# The USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA map Standard Time Zones of the World 2782503609a9SYuri Pankov# (2005-03) both say that it has just one. 2783503609a9SYuri Pankov 2784503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Oscar van Vlijmen (1999-12-11): 2785503609a9SYuri Pankov# General Information Mongolia 2786503609a9SYuri Pankov# <http://www.mongoliatourism.gov.mn/general.htm> (1999-09) 2787503609a9SYuri Pankov# "Time: Mongolia has two time zones. Three westernmost provinces of 2788503609a9SYuri Pankov# Bayan-Ölgii, Uvs, and Hovd are one hour earlier than the capital city, and 2789503609a9SYuri Pankov# the rest of the country follows the Ulaanbaatar time, which is UTC/GMT plus 2790503609a9SYuri Pankov# eight hours." 2791503609a9SYuri Pankov 2792503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Rives McDow (1999-12-13): 2793503609a9SYuri Pankov# Mongolia discontinued the use of daylight savings time in 1999; 1998 2794503609a9SYuri Pankov# being the last year it was implemented. The dates of implementation I am 2795503609a9SYuri Pankov# unsure of, but most probably it was similar to Russia, except for the time 2796503609a9SYuri Pankov# of implementation may have been different.... 2797503609a9SYuri Pankov# Some maps in the past have indicated that there was an additional time 2798503609a9SYuri Pankov# zone in the eastern part of Mongolia, including the provinces of Dornod, 2799503609a9SYuri Pankov# Sükhbaatar, and possibly Khentii. 2800503609a9SYuri Pankov 2801503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (1999-12-15): 2802503609a9SYuri Pankov# Naming and spelling is tricky in Mongolia. 2803503609a9SYuri Pankov# We'll use Hovd (also spelled Chovd and Khovd) to represent the west zone; 2804503609a9SYuri Pankov# the capital of the Hovd province is sometimes called Hovd, sometimes Dund-Us, 2805503609a9SYuri Pankov# and sometimes Jirgalanta (with variant spellings), but the name Hovd 2806503609a9SYuri Pankov# is good enough for our purposes. 2807503609a9SYuri Pankov 2808503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Rives McDow (2001-05-13): 2809503609a9SYuri Pankov# In addition to Mongolia starting daylight savings as reported earlier 2810503609a9SYuri Pankov# (adopted DST on 2001-04-27 02:00 local time, ending 2001-09-28), 2811503609a9SYuri Pankov# there are three time zones. 2812503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2813503609a9SYuri Pankov# Provinces [at 7:00]: Bayan-Ölgii, Uvs, Khovd, Zavkhan, Govi-Altai 2814503609a9SYuri Pankov# Provinces [at 8:00]: Khövsgöl, Bulgan, Arkhangai, Khentii, Töv, 2815503609a9SYuri Pankov# Bayankhongor, Övörkhangai, Dundgovi, Dornogovi, Ömnögovi 2816503609a9SYuri Pankov# Provinces [at 9:00]: Dornod, Sükhbaatar 2817503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2818503609a9SYuri Pankov# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.] 2819503609a9SYuri Pankov 2820503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar (2004-04-17): 2821503609a9SYuri Pankov# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March. 2822503609a9SYuri Pankov# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of 2823503609a9SYuri Pankov# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001. 2824503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2825503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17): 2826503609a9SYuri Pankov# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs 2827503609a9SYuri Pankov# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them. 2828503609a9SYuri Pankov 2829503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26): 2830503609a9SYuri Pankov# We have wildly conflicting information about Mongolia's time zones. 2831503609a9SYuri Pankov# Bill Bonnet (2005-05-19) reports that the US Embassy in Ulaanbaatar says 2832503609a9SYuri Pankov# there is only one time zone and that DST is observed, citing Microsoft 2833503609a9SYuri Pankov# Windows XP as the source. Risto Nykänen (2005-05-16) reports that 2834503609a9SYuri Pankov# travelmongolia.org says there are two time zones (UT +07, +08) with no DST. 2835503609a9SYuri Pankov# Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-20) reports that the Mongolian Embassy in 2836503609a9SYuri Pankov# Washington, DC says there are two time zones, with DST observed. 2837503609a9SYuri Pankov# He also found 2838503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?subaction=showcomments&id=1111634894&archive=&start_from=&ucat=1& 2839503609a9SYuri Pankov# which also says that there is DST, and which has a comment by "Toddius" 2840503609a9SYuri Pankov# (2005-03-31 06:05 +0700) saying "Mongolia actually has 3.5 time zones. 2841503609a9SYuri Pankov# The West (OLGII) is +7 GMT, most of the country is ULAT is +8 GMT 2842503609a9SYuri Pankov# and some Eastern provinces are +9 GMT but Sükhbaatar Aimag is SUHK +8.5 GMT. 2843503609a9SYuri Pankov# The SUKH timezone is new this year, it is one of the few things the 2844503609a9SYuri Pankov# parliament passed during the tumultuous winter session." 2845503609a9SYuri Pankov# For now, let's ignore this information, until we have more confirmation. 2846503609a9SYuri Pankov 2847503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Ganbold Ts. (2007-02-26): 2848503609a9SYuri Pankov# Parliament of Mongolia has just changed the daylight-saving rule in February. 2849503609a9SYuri Pankov# They decided not to adopt daylight-saving time.... 2850503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.mongolnews.mn/index.php?module=unuudur&sec=view&id=15742 2851503609a9SYuri Pankov 2852503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Deborah Goldsmith (2008-03-30): 2853503609a9SYuri Pankov# We received a bug report claiming that the tz database UTC offset for 2854503609a9SYuri Pankov# Asia/Choibalsan (GMT+09:00) is incorrect, and that it should be GMT 2855503609a9SYuri Pankov# +08:00 instead. Different sources appear to disagree with the tz 2856503609a9SYuri Pankov# database on this, e.g.: 2857503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2858b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=1026 2859503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimeserver.com/current_time_in_MN.aspx 2860503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2861503609a9SYuri Pankov# both say GMT+08:00. 2862503609a9SYuri Pankov 2863503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-31): 2864503609a9SYuri Pankov# eznis airways, which operates several domestic flights, has a flight 2865503609a9SYuri Pankov# schedule here: 2866503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.eznis.com/Container.jsp?id=112 2867503609a9SYuri Pankov# (click the English flag for English) 2868503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2869503609a9SYuri Pankov# There it appears that flights between Choibalsan and Ulaanbaatar arrive 2870503609a9SYuri Pankov# about 1:35 - 1:50 hours later in local clock time, no matter the 2871503609a9SYuri Pankov# direction, while Ulaanbaatar-Khovd takes 2 hours in the Eastern 2872503609a9SYuri Pankov# direction and 3:35 back, which indicates that Ulaanbaatar and Khovd are 2873503609a9SYuri Pankov# in different time zones (like we know about), while Choibalsan and 2874503609a9SYuri Pankov# Ulaanbaatar are in the same time zone (correction needed). 2875503609a9SYuri Pankov 2876503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 2877503609a9SYuri Pankov# Assume that Choibalsan is indeed offset by 8:00. 2878503609a9SYuri Pankov# XXX--in the absence of better information, assume that transition 2879503609a9SYuri Pankov# was at the start of 2008-03-31 (the day of Steffen Thorsen's report); 2880503609a9SYuri Pankov# this is almost surely wrong. 2881503609a9SYuri Pankov 2882503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Ganbold Tsagaankhuu (2015-03-10): 2883503609a9SYuri Pankov# It seems like yesterday Mongolian Government meeting has concluded to use 2884503609a9SYuri Pankov# daylight saving time in Mongolia.... Starting at 2:00AM of last Saturday of 2885503609a9SYuri Pankov# March 2015, daylight saving time starts. And 00:00AM of last Saturday of 2886503609a9SYuri Pankov# September daylight saving time ends. Source: 2887503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://zasag.mn/news/view/8969 2888503609a9SYuri Pankov 2889f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 28903508b934SYuri PankovRule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 - 2891503609a9SYuri PankovRule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 2892503609a9SYuri Pankov# Shanks & Pottenger and IATA SSIM say 1990s switches occurred at 00:00, 2893503609a9SYuri Pankov# but McDow says the 2001 switches occurred at 02:00. Also, IATA SSIM 2894503609a9SYuri Pankov# (1996-09) says 1996-10-25. Go with Shanks & Pottenger through 1998. 2895503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2896503609a9SYuri Pankov# Shanks & Pottenger say that the Sept. 1984 through Sept. 1990 switches 2897503609a9SYuri Pankov# in Choibalsan (more precisely, in Dornod and Sükhbaatar) took place 2898503609a9SYuri Pankov# at 02:00 standard time, not at 00:00 local time as in the rest of 2899503609a9SYuri Pankov# the country. That would be odd, and possibly is a result of their 2900503609a9SYuri Pankov# correction of 02:00 (in the previous edition) not being done correctly 2901503609a9SYuri Pankov# in the latest edition; so ignore it for now. 2902503609a9SYuri Pankov 2903dafc4501SDan McDonald# From Ganbold Tsagaankhuu (2017-02-09): 2904dafc4501SDan McDonald# Mongolian Government meeting has concluded today to cancel daylight 2905dafc4501SDan McDonald# saving time adoption in Mongolia. Source: http://zasag.mn/news/view/16192 2906dafc4501SDan McDonald 29073508b934SYuri PankovRule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 0:00 1:00 - 2908503609a9SYuri PankovRule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - 2909503609a9SYuri Pankov# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST. 29103508b934SYuri PankovRule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 - 2911503609a9SYuri PankovRule Mongol 2001 2006 - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 - 29123508b934SYuri PankovRule Mongol 2002 2006 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 - 29133508b934SYuri PankovRule Mongol 2015 2016 - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 - 2914dafc4501SDan McDonaldRule Mongol 2015 2016 - Sep lastSat 0:00 0 - 2915503609a9SYuri Pankov 2916374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2917503609a9SYuri Pankov# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta 2918503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Hovd 6:06:36 - LMT 1905 Aug 2919dafc4501SDan McDonald 6:00 - +06 1978 2920dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:00 Mongol +07/+08 2921503609a9SYuri Pankov# Ulaanbaatar, a.k.a. Ulan Bataar, Ulan Bator, Urga 2922503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Ulaanbaatar 7:07:32 - LMT 1905 Aug 2923dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1978 2924dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 Mongol +08/+09 2925503609a9SYuri Pankov# Choibalsan, a.k.a. Bajan Tümen, Bajan Tumen, Chojbalsan, 2926503609a9SYuri Pankov# Choybalsan, Sanbejse, Tchoibalsan 2927503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Choibalsan 7:38:00 - LMT 1905 Aug 2928dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1978 2929dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1983 Apr 2930dafc4501SDan McDonald 9:00 Mongol +09/+10 2008 Mar 31 2931dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 Mongol +08/+09 2932503609a9SYuri Pankov 2933503609a9SYuri Pankov# Nepal 2934374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 2935503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Kathmandu 5:41:16 - LMT 1920 2936dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:30 - +0530 1986 2937dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:45 - +0545 2938503609a9SYuri Pankov 2939503609a9SYuri Pankov# Oman 2940503609a9SYuri Pankov# See Asia/Dubai. 2941503609a9SYuri Pankov 2942503609a9SYuri Pankov# Pakistan 2943503609a9SYuri Pankov 2944503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Rives McDow (2002-03-13): 2945503609a9SYuri Pankov# I have been advised that Pakistan has decided to adopt dst on a 2946503609a9SYuri Pankov# TRIAL basis for one year, starting 00:01 local time on April 7, 2002 2947503609a9SYuri Pankov# and ending at 00:01 local time October 6, 2002. This is what I was 2948503609a9SYuri Pankov# told, but I believe that the actual time of change may be 00:00; the 2949503609a9SYuri Pankov# 00:01 was to make it clear which day it was on. 2950503609a9SYuri Pankov 2951503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2002-03-15): 2952503609a9SYuri Pankov# Jesper Nørgaard found this URL: 2953503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.pak.gov.pk/public/news/app/app06_dec.htm 2954503609a9SYuri Pankov# (dated 2001-12-06) which says that the Cabinet adopted a scheme "to 2955503609a9SYuri Pankov# advance the clocks by one hour on the night between the first 2956503609a9SYuri Pankov# Saturday and Sunday of April and revert to the original position on 2957503609a9SYuri Pankov# 15th October each year". This agrees with McDow's 04-07 at 00:00, 2958503609a9SYuri Pankov# but disagrees about the October transition, and makes it sound like 2959503609a9SYuri Pankov# it's not on a trial basis. Also, the "between the first Saturday 2960503609a9SYuri Pankov# and Sunday of April" phrase, if taken literally, means that the 2961503609a9SYuri Pankov# transition takes place at 00:00 on the first Sunday on or after 04-02. 2962503609a9SYuri Pankov 2963503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): 2964503609a9SYuri Pankov# DAWN <http://www.dawn.com/2002/10/06/top13.htm> reported on 2002-10-05 2965503609a9SYuri Pankov# that 2002 DST ended that day at midnight. Go with McDow for now. 2966503609a9SYuri Pankov 2967503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2003-03-14): 2968503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to http://www.dawn.com/2003/03/07/top15.htm 2969503609a9SYuri Pankov# there will be no DST in Pakistan this year: 2970503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2971503609a9SYuri Pankov# ISLAMABAD, March 6: Information and Media Development Minister Sheikh 2972503609a9SYuri Pankov# Rashid Ahmed on Thursday said the cabinet had reversed a previous 2973503609a9SYuri Pankov# decision to advance clocks by one hour in summer and put them back by 2974503609a9SYuri Pankov# one hour in winter with the aim of saving light hours and energy. 2975503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2976503609a9SYuri Pankov# The minister told a news conference that the experiment had rather 2977503609a9SYuri Pankov# shown 8 per cent higher consumption of electricity. 2978503609a9SYuri Pankov 2979503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-15): 2980503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2981503609a9SYuri Pankov# Here is an article that Pakistan plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time 2982503609a9SYuri Pankov# on June 1, 2008 for 3 months. 2983503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2984503609a9SYuri Pankov# "... The federal cabinet on Wednesday announced a new conservation plan to 2985503609a9SYuri Pankov# help reduce load shedding by approving the closure of commercial centres at 2986503609a9SYuri Pankov# 9pm and moving clocks forward by one hour for the next three months. ...." 2987503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2988b654b02dSYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan01.html 2989503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C05%5C15%5Cstory_15-5-2008_pg1_4 2990503609a9SYuri Pankov 2991503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-19): 2992503609a9SYuri Pankov# XXX--midnight transitions is a guess; 2008 only is a guess. 2993503609a9SYuri Pankov 2994503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 2995503609a9SYuri Pankov# Pakistan government has decided to keep the watches one-hour advanced 2996503609a9SYuri Pankov# for another 2 months - plan to return to Standard Time on October 31 2997503609a9SYuri Pankov# instead of August 31. 2998503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2999503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan02.html 3000503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://dailymailnews.com/200808/28/news/dmbrn03.html 3001503609a9SYuri Pankov 3002503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-04-08): 3003503609a9SYuri Pankov# Based on previous media reports that "... proposed plan to 3004503609a9SYuri Pankov# advance clocks by one hour from May 1 will cause disturbance 3005503609a9SYuri Pankov# to the working schedules rather than bringing discipline in 3006503609a9SYuri Pankov# official working." 3007503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=171280 3008503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3009503609a9SYuri Pankov# recent news that instead of May 2009 - Pakistan plan to 3010503609a9SYuri Pankov# introduce DST from April 15, 2009 3011503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3012503609a9SYuri Pankov# FYI: Associated Press Of Pakistan 3013503609a9SYuri Pankov# April 08, 2009 3014503609a9SYuri Pankov# Cabinet okays proposal to advance clocks by one hour from April 15 3015503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=73043&Itemid=1 3016503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan05.html 3017503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3018503609a9SYuri Pankov# .... 3019503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Federal Cabinet on Wednesday approved the proposal to 3020503609a9SYuri Pankov# advance clocks in the country by one hour from April 15 to 3021503609a9SYuri Pankov# conserve energy" 3022503609a9SYuri Pankov 3023503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-17): 3024503609a9SYuri Pankov# "The News International," Pakistan reports that: "The Federal 3025503609a9SYuri Pankov# Government has decided to restore the previous time by moving the 3026503609a9SYuri Pankov# clocks backward by one hour from October 1. A formal announcement to 3027503609a9SYuri Pankov# this effect will be made after the Prime Minister grants approval in 3028503609a9SYuri Pankov# this regard." 3029503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.thenews.com.pk/updates.asp?id=87168 3030503609a9SYuri Pankov 3031503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-28): 3032503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to Associated Press Of Pakistan, it is confirmed that 3033503609a9SYuri Pankov# Pakistan clocks across the country would be turned back by an hour from 3034503609a9SYuri Pankov# October 1, 2009. 3035503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3036503609a9SYuri Pankov# "Clocks to go back one hour from 1 Oct" 3037503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=86715&Itemid=2 3038503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_pakistan07.htm 3039503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3040503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-09-29): 3041503609a9SYuri Pankov# Now they seem to have changed their mind, November 1 is the new date: 3042503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.thenews.com.pk/top_story_detail.asp?Id=24742 3043503609a9SYuri Pankov# "The country's clocks will be reversed by one hour on November 1. 3044503609a9SYuri Pankov# Officials of Federal Ministry for Interior told this to Geo News on 3045503609a9SYuri Pankov# Monday." 3046503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3047503609a9SYuri Pankov# And more importantly, it seems that these dates will be kept every year: 3048503609a9SYuri Pankov# "It has now been decided that clocks will be wound forward by one hour 3049503609a9SYuri Pankov# on April 15 and reversed by an hour on November 1 every year without 3050503609a9SYuri Pankov# obtaining prior approval, the officials added." 3051503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3052503609a9SYuri Pankov# We have confirmed this year's end date with both with the Ministry of 3053503609a9SYuri Pankov# Water and Power and the Pakistan Electric Power Company: 3054b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/pakistan-ends-dst09.html 3055503609a9SYuri Pankov 3056503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Christoph Göhre (2009-10-01): 3057503609a9SYuri Pankov# [T]he German Consulate General in Karachi reported me today that Pakistan 3058503609a9SYuri Pankov# will go back to standard time on 1st of November. 3059503609a9SYuri Pankov 3060503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-26): 3061503609a9SYuri Pankov# Steffen Thorsen wrote: 3062503609a9SYuri Pankov# > On Thursday (2010-03-25) it was announced that DST would start in 3063503609a9SYuri Pankov# > Pakistan on 2010-04-01. 3064503609a9SYuri Pankov# > 3065503609a9SYuri Pankov# > Then today, the president said that they might have to revert the 3066503609a9SYuri Pankov# > decision if it is not supported by the parliament. So at the time 3067503609a9SYuri Pankov# > being, it seems unclear if DST will be actually observed or not - but 3068503609a9SYuri Pankov# > April 1 could be a more likely date than April 15. 3069503609a9SYuri Pankov# Now, it seems that the decision to not observe DST in final: 3070503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3071503609a9SYuri Pankov# "Govt Withdraws Plan To Advance Clocks" 3072503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.apakistannews.com/govt-withdraws-plan-to-advance-clocks-172041 3073503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3074503609a9SYuri Pankov# "People laud PM's announcement to end DST" 3075503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.app.com.pk/en_/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=99374&Itemid=2 3076503609a9SYuri Pankov 3077f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 3078503609a9SYuri PankovRule Pakistan 2002 only - Apr Sun>=2 0:00 1:00 S 3079503609a9SYuri PankovRule Pakistan 2002 only - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - 3080503609a9SYuri PankovRule Pakistan 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 3081503609a9SYuri PankovRule Pakistan 2008 2009 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 3082503609a9SYuri PankovRule Pakistan 2009 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 3083503609a9SYuri Pankov 3084374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3085503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Karachi 4:28:12 - LMT 1907 3086dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:30 - +0530 1942 Sep 3087dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 15 3088dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:30 - +0530 1951 Sep 30 3089dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:00 - +05 1971 Mar 26 3090503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 Pakistan PK%sT # Pakistan Time 3091503609a9SYuri Pankov 3092503609a9SYuri Pankov# Palestine 3093503609a9SYuri Pankov 3094503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Amos Shapir (1998-02-15): 3095503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3096503609a9SYuri Pankov# From 1917 until 1948-05-15, all of Palestine, including the parts now 3097503609a9SYuri Pankov# known as the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, was under British rule. 3098503609a9SYuri Pankov# Therefore the rules given for Israel for that period, apply there too... 3099503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3100503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Gaza Strip was under Egyptian rule between 1948-05-15 until 1967-06-05 3101503609a9SYuri Pankov# (except a short occupation by Israel from 1956-11 till 1957-03, but no 3102503609a9SYuri Pankov# time zone was affected then). It was never formally annexed to Egypt, 3103503609a9SYuri Pankov# though. 3104503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3105503609a9SYuri Pankov# The rest of Palestine was under Jordanian rule at that time, formally 3106503609a9SYuri Pankov# annexed in 1950 as the West Bank (and the word "Trans" was dropped from 3107503609a9SYuri Pankov# the country's previous name of "the Hashemite Kingdom of the 3108503609a9SYuri Pankov# Trans-Jordan"). So the rules for Jordan for that time apply. Major 3109503609a9SYuri Pankov# towns in that area are Nablus (Shchem), El-Halil (Hebron), Ramallah, and 3110503609a9SYuri Pankov# East Jerusalem. 3111503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3112503609a9SYuri Pankov# Both areas were occupied by Israel in June 1967, but not annexed (except 3113503609a9SYuri Pankov# for East Jerusalem). They were on Israel time since then; there might 3114503609a9SYuri Pankov# have been a Military Governor's order about time zones, but I'm not aware 3115503609a9SYuri Pankov# of any (such orders may have been issued semi-annually whenever summer 3116503609a9SYuri Pankov# time was in effect, but maybe the legal aspect of time was just neglected). 3117503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3118503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Palestinian Authority was established in 1993, and got hold of most 3119503609a9SYuri Pankov# towns in the West Bank and Gaza by 1995. I know that in order to 3120503609a9SYuri Pankov# demonstrate...independence, they have been switching to 3121503609a9SYuri Pankov# summer time and back on a different schedule than Israel's, but I don't 3122503609a9SYuri Pankov# know when this was started, or what algorithm is used (most likely the 3123503609a9SYuri Pankov# Jordanian one). 3124503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3125503609a9SYuri Pankov# To summarize, the table should probably look something like that: 3126503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3127503609a9SYuri Pankov# Area \ when | 1918-1947 | 1948-1967 | 1967-1995 | 1996- 3128503609a9SYuri Pankov# ------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+----------- 3129503609a9SYuri Pankov# Israel | Zion | Zion | Zion | Zion 3130503609a9SYuri Pankov# West bank | Zion | Jordan | Zion | Jordan 3131503609a9SYuri Pankov# Gaza | Zion | Egypt | Zion | Jordan 3132503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3133503609a9SYuri Pankov# I guess more info may be available from the PA's web page (if/when they 3134503609a9SYuri Pankov# have one). 3135503609a9SYuri Pankov 3136503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 3137503609a9SYuri Pankov# Shanks & Pottenger write that Gaza did not observe DST until 1957, but go 3138503609a9SYuri Pankov# with Shapir and assume that it observed DST from 1940 through 1947, 3139503609a9SYuri Pankov# and that it used Jordanian rules starting in 1996. 3140503609a9SYuri Pankov# We don't yet need a separate entry for the West Bank, since 3141503609a9SYuri Pankov# the only differences between it and Gaza that we know about 3142503609a9SYuri Pankov# occurred before our cutoff date of 1970. 3143503609a9SYuri Pankov# However, as we get more information, we may need to add entries 3144503609a9SYuri Pankov# for parts of the West Bank as they transitioned from Israel's rules 3145503609a9SYuri Pankov# to Palestine's rules. 3146503609a9SYuri Pankov 3147503609a9SYuri Pankov# From IINS News Service - Israel - 1998-03-23 10:38:07 Israel time, 3148503609a9SYuri Pankov# forwarded by Ephraim Silverberg: 3149503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3150503609a9SYuri Pankov# Despite the fact that Israel changed over to daylight savings time 3151503609a9SYuri Pankov# last week, the PLO Authority (PA) has decided not to turn its clocks 3152503609a9SYuri Pankov# one-hour forward at this time. As a sign of independence from Israeli rule, 3153503609a9SYuri Pankov# the PA has decided to implement DST in April. 3154503609a9SYuri Pankov 3155503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20): 3156503609a9SYuri Pankov# Daoud Kuttab writes in Holiday havoc 3157503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.jpost.com/com/Archive/22.Apr.1999/Opinion/Article-2.html 3158503609a9SYuri Pankov# (Jerusalem Post, 1999-04-22) that 3159503609a9SYuri Pankov# the Palestinian National Authority changed to DST on 1999-04-15. 3160503609a9SYuri Pankov# I vaguely recall that they switch back in October (sorry, forgot the source). 3161503609a9SYuri Pankov# For now, let's assume that the spring switch was at 24:00, 3162503609a9SYuri Pankov# and that they switch at 0:00 on the 3rd Fridays of April and October. 3163503609a9SYuri Pankov 3164503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2005-11-22): 3165503609a9SYuri Pankov# Starting 2004 transitions are from Steffen Thorsen's web site timeanddate.com. 3166503609a9SYuri Pankov 3167503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-11-23): 3168503609a9SYuri Pankov# A user from Gaza reported that Gaza made the change early because of 3169503609a9SYuri Pankov# the Ramadan. Next year Ramadan will be even earlier, so I think 3170503609a9SYuri Pankov# there is a good chance next year's end date will be around two weeks 3171503609a9SYuri Pankov# earlier - the same goes for Jordan. 3172503609a9SYuri Pankov 3173503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17): 3174503609a9SYuri Pankov# I was informed by a user in Bethlehem that in Bethlehem it started the 3175503609a9SYuri Pankov# same day as Israel, and after checking with other users in the area, I 3176503609a9SYuri Pankov# was informed that they started DST one day after Israel. I was not 3177503609a9SYuri Pankov# able to find any authoritative sources at the time, nor details if 3178503609a9SYuri Pankov# Gaza changed as well, but presumed Gaza to follow the same rules as 3179503609a9SYuri Pankov# the West Bank. 3180503609a9SYuri Pankov 3181503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-26): 3182503609a9SYuri Pankov# according to the Palestine News Network (2006-09-19): 3183503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://english.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=596&Itemid=5 3184503609a9SYuri Pankov# > The Council of Ministers announced that this year its winter schedule 3185503609a9SYuri Pankov# > will begin early, as of midnight Thursday. It is also time to turn 3186503609a9SYuri Pankov# > back the clocks for winter. Friday will begin an hour late this week. 3187503609a9SYuri Pankov# I guess it is likely that next year's date will be moved as well, 3188503609a9SYuri Pankov# because of the Ramadan. 3189503609a9SYuri Pankov 3190503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-09-18): 3191503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to Steffen Thorsen's web site the Gaza Strip and the rest of the 3192503609a9SYuri Pankov# Palestinian territories left DST early on 13.th. of September at 2:00. 3193503609a9SYuri Pankov 3194503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2007-09-20): 3195503609a9SYuri Pankov# My understanding is that Gaza and the West Bank disagree even over when 3196503609a9SYuri Pankov# the weekend is (Thursday+Friday versus Friday+Saturday), so I'd be a bit 3197503609a9SYuri Pankov# surprised if they agreed about DST. But for now, assume they agree. 3198503609a9SYuri Pankov# For lack of better information, predict that future changes will be 3199503609a9SYuri Pankov# the 2nd Thursday of September at 02:00. 3200503609a9SYuri Pankov 3201503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-08-28): 3202503609a9SYuri Pankov# Here is an article, that Mideast running on different clocks at Ramadan. 3203503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3204503609a9SYuri Pankov# Gaza Strip (as Egypt) ended DST at midnight Thursday (Aug 28, 2008), while 3205503609a9SYuri Pankov# the West Bank will end Daylight Saving Time at midnight Sunday (Aug 31, 2008). 3206503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3207503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/7759001 3208503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory?id=5676087 3209503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip01.html 3210503609a9SYuri Pankov 3211503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-26): 3212503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to the Palestine News Network (arabic.pnn.ps), Palestinian 3213503609a9SYuri Pankov# government decided to start Daylight Time on Thursday night March 3214503609a9SYuri Pankov# 26 and continue until the night of 27 September 2009. 3215503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3216503609a9SYuri Pankov# (in Arabic) 3217503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://arabic.pnn.ps/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=50850 3218503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3219503609a9SYuri Pankov# (English translation) 3220503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank01.html 3221503609a9SYuri Pankov 3222503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-31): 3223503609a9SYuri Pankov# Palestine's Council of Ministers announced that they will revert back to 3224503609a9SYuri Pankov# winter time on Friday, 2009-09-04. 3225503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3226503609a9SYuri Pankov# One news source: 3227503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.safa.ps/ara/?action=showdetail&seid=4158 3228503609a9SYuri Pankov# (Palestinian press agency, Arabic), 3229503609a9SYuri Pankov# Google translate: "Decided that the Palestinian government in Ramallah 3230503609a9SYuri Pankov# headed by Salam Fayyad, the start of work in time for the winter of 3231503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2009, starting on Friday approved the fourth delay Sept. clock sixty 3232503609a9SYuri Pankov# minutes per hour as of Friday morning." 3233503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3234503609a9SYuri Pankov# We are not sure if Gaza will do the same, last year they had a different 3235503609a9SYuri Pankov# end date, we will keep this page updated: 3236b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-dst-2009.html 3237503609a9SYuri Pankov 3238503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-09-02): 3239503609a9SYuri Pankov# Seems that Gaza Strip will go back to Winter Time same date as West Bank. 3240503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3241503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to Palestinian Ministry Of Interior, West Bank and Gaza Strip plan 3242503609a9SYuri Pankov# to change time back to Standard time on September 4, 2009. 3243503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3244503609a9SYuri Pankov# "Winter time unite the West Bank and Gaza" 3245503609a9SYuri Pankov# (from Palestinian National Authority): 3246503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.moi.gov.ps/en/?page=633167343250594025&nid=11505 3247503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip02.html 3248503609a9SYuri Pankov 3249503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-19): 3250503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to Voice of Palestine DST will last for 191 days, from March 3251503609a9SYuri Pankov# 26, 2010 till "the last Sunday before the tenth day of Tishri 3252503609a9SYuri Pankov# (October), each year" (October 03, 2010?) 3253503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3254503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://palvoice.org/forums/showthread.php?t=245697 3255503609a9SYuri Pankov# (in Arabic) 3256503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_westbank03.html 3257503609a9SYuri Pankov 3258503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-24): 3259503609a9SYuri Pankov# ...Ma'an News Agency reports that Hamas cabinet has decided it will 3260503609a9SYuri Pankov# start one day later, at 12:01am. Not sure if they really mean 12:01am or 3261503609a9SYuri Pankov# noon though: 3262503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3263503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=271178 3264503609a9SYuri Pankov# (Ma'an News Agency) 3265503609a9SYuri Pankov# "At 12:01am Friday, clocks in Israel and the West Bank will change to 3266503609a9SYuri Pankov# 1:01am, while Gaza clocks will change at 12:01am Saturday morning." 3267503609a9SYuri Pankov 3268503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-08-11): 3269503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to several sources, including 3270503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=306795 3271503609a9SYuri Pankov# the clocks were set back one hour at 2010-08-11 00:00:00 local time in 3272503609a9SYuri Pankov# Gaza and the West Bank. 3273503609a9SYuri Pankov# Some more background info: 3274b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/westbank-gaza-end-dst-2010.html 3275503609a9SYuri Pankov 3276503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-08-26): 3277503609a9SYuri Pankov# Gaza and the West Bank did go back to standard time in the beginning of 3278503609a9SYuri Pankov# August, and will now enter daylight saving time again on 2011-08-30 3279503609a9SYuri Pankov# 00:00 (so two periods of DST in 2011). The pause was because of 3280503609a9SYuri Pankov# Ramadan. 3281503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3282503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=416217 3283503609a9SYuri Pankov# Additional info: 3284b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/palestine-dst-2011.html 3285503609a9SYuri Pankov 3286503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-08-27): 3287503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to the article in The Jerusalem Post: 3288503609a9SYuri Pankov# "...Earlier this month, the Palestinian government in the West Bank decided to 3289503609a9SYuri Pankov# move to standard time for 30 days, during Ramadan. The Palestinians in the 3290503609a9SYuri Pankov# Gaza Strip accepted the change and also moved their clocks one hour back. 3291503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Hamas government said on Saturday that it won't observe summertime after 3292503609a9SYuri Pankov# the Muslim feast of Id al-Fitr, which begins on Tuesday..." 3293503609a9SYuri Pankov# ... 3294b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=235650 3295503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_gazastrip05.html 3296503609a9SYuri Pankov# The rules for Egypt are stolen from the 'africa' file. 3297503609a9SYuri Pankov 3298503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-09-30): 3299503609a9SYuri Pankov# West Bank did end Daylight Saving Time this morning/midnight (2011-09-30 3300503609a9SYuri Pankov# 00:00). 3301503609a9SYuri Pankov# So West Bank and Gaza now have the same time again. 3302503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3303503609a9SYuri Pankov# Many sources, including: 3304503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=424808 3305503609a9SYuri Pankov 3306503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 3307503609a9SYuri Pankov# Palestinian news sources tell that both Gaza and West Bank will start DST 3308503609a9SYuri Pankov# on Friday (Thursday midnight, 2012-03-29 24:00). 3309503609a9SYuri Pankov# Some of many sources in Arabic: 3310503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=122638 3311503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3312503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://safa.ps/details/news/74352/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D9%81%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9.html 3313503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3314503609a9SYuri Pankov# Our brief summary: 3315b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/gaza-west-bank-dst-2012.html 3316503609a9SYuri Pankov 3317503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-26): 3318503609a9SYuri Pankov# The following news sources tells that Palestine will "start daylight saving 3319503609a9SYuri Pankov# time from midnight on Friday, March 29, 2013" (translated). 3320503609a9SYuri Pankov# [These are in Arabic and are for Gaza and for Ramallah, respectively.] 3321503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.samanews.com/index.php?act=Show&id=154120 3322503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://safa.ps/details/news/99844/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A-29-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A.html 3323503609a9SYuri Pankov 3324503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-24): 3325503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Gaza and West Bank are ending DST Thursday at midnight 3326503609a9SYuri Pankov# (2013-09-27 00:00:00) (one hour earlier than last year...). 3327503609a9SYuri Pankov# This source in English, says "that winter time will go into effect 3328503609a9SYuri Pankov# at midnight on Thursday in the West Bank and Gaza Strip": 3329503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://english.wafa.ps/index.php?action=detail&id=23246 3330503609a9SYuri Pankov# official source...: 3331503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/ar/Views/ViewDetails.aspx?pid=1252 3332503609a9SYuri Pankov 3333503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-03-03): 3334503609a9SYuri Pankov# Sources such as http://www.alquds.com/news/article/view/id/548257 3335b654b02dSYuri Pankov# and https://www.raya.ps/ar/news/890705.html say Palestine areas will 3336503609a9SYuri Pankov# start DST on 2015-03-28 00:00 which is one day later than expected. 3337503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3338503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2015-03-03): 3339b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/change/west-bank/ramallah?year=2014 3340503609a9SYuri Pankov# says that the fall 2014 transition was Oct 23 at 24:00. 3341503609a9SYuri Pankov 3342503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Hannah Kreitem (2016-03-09): 3343503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/WebSite/ar/ViewDetails?ID=31728 3344503609a9SYuri Pankov# [Google translation]: "The Council also decided to start daylight 3345503609a9SYuri Pankov# saving in Palestine as of one o'clock on Saturday morning, 3346503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2016-03-26, to provide the clock 60 minutes ahead." 3347503609a9SYuri Pankov 3348503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Sharef Mustafa (2016-10-19): 3349503609a9SYuri Pankov# [T]he Palestinian cabinet decision (Mar 8th 2016) published on 3350503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/WebSite/Upload/Decree/GOV_17/16032016134830.pdf 3351503609a9SYuri Pankov# states that summer time will end on Oct 29th at 01:00. 3352503609a9SYuri Pankov 33533508b934SYuri Pankov# From Sharef Mustafa (2018-03-16): 33545254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# Palestine summer time will start on Mar 24th 2018 ... 33553508b934SYuri Pankov# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e7a42ab7-ee23-435a-b9c8-a4f7e81f3817 3356251a62bcSDominik Hassler 3357251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Even Scharning (2019-03-23): 3358374df668SAndy Fiddaman# http://pnn.ps/news/401130 3359374df668SAndy Fiddaman# http://palweather.ps/ar/node/50136.html 33603508b934SYuri Pankov# 3361374df668SAndy Fiddaman# From Sharif Mustafa (2019-03-26): 3362374df668SAndy Fiddaman# The Palestinian cabinet announced today that the switch to DST will 3363374df668SAndy Fiddaman# be on Fri Mar 29th 2019 by advancing the clock by 60 minutes. 3364374df668SAndy Fiddaman# http://palestinecabinet.gov.ps/Website/AR/NDecrees/ViewFile.ashx?ID=e54e9ea1-50ee-4137-84df-0d6c78da259b 3365374df668SAndy Fiddaman# 3366374df668SAndy Fiddaman# From Even Scharning (2019-04-10): 3367374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Our source in Palestine said it happened Friday 29 at 00:00 local time.... 33685254d4faSAndy Fiddaman 33695254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# From Sharef Mustafa (2019-10-18): 33705254d4faSAndy Fiddaman# Palestine summer time will end on midnight Oct 26th 2019 ... 3371f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 3372f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# From Steffen Thorsen (2020-10-20): 3373f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Some sources such as these say, and display on clocks, that DST ended at 3374f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# midnight last year... 3375f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# https://www.amad.ps/ar/post/320006 3376f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# 3377f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# From Tim Parenti (2020-10-20): 3378f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# The report of the Palestinian Cabinet meeting of 2019-10-14 confirms 3379f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# a decision on (translated): "The start of the winter time in Palestine, by 3380f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# delaying the clock by sixty minutes, starting from midnight on Friday / 3381f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Saturday corresponding to 26/10/2019." 3382f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/meeting/details/43948 3383f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi 3384f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# From Sharef Mustafa (2020-10-20): 3385f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# As per the palestinian cabinet announcement yesterday , the day light saving 3386f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# shall [end] on Oct 24th 2020 at 01:00AM by delaying the clock by 60 minutes. 3387f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/Meeting/Details/51584 3388f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi 3389f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# From Pierre Cashon (2020-10-20): 3390f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# The summer time this year started on March 28 at 00:00. 3391f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# https://wafa.ps/ar_page.aspx?id=GveQNZa872839351758aGveQNZ 3392f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/meeting/details/50284 3393f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# The winter time in 2015 started on October 23 at 01:00. 3394f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# https://wafa.ps/ar_page.aspx?id=CgpCdYa670694628582aCgpCdY 3395f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/meeting/details/27583 3396374df668SAndy Fiddaman# 3397374df668SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2019-04-10): 3398f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# For now, guess spring-ahead transitions are at 00:00 on the Saturday 3399f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# preceding March's last Sunday (i.e., Sat>=24). 34003508b934SYuri Pankov 3401*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# From P Chan (2021-10-18): 3402*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# http://wafa.ps/Pages/Details/34701 3403*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# Palestine winter time will start from midnight 2021-10-29 (Thursday-Friday). 3404*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# 3405*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# From Heba Hemad, Palestine Ministry of Telecom & IT (2021-10-20): 3406*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# ... winter time will begin in Palestine from Friday 10-29, 01:00 AM 3407*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# by 60 minutes backwards. 3408*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# 3409*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2021-10-20): 3410*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# Guess future fall transitions on October's last Friday at 01:00. 3411*06965442SAndy Fiddaman 3412f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 3413503609a9SYuri PankovRule EgyptAsia 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 3414503609a9SYuri PankovRule EgyptAsia 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 3415503609a9SYuri PankovRule EgyptAsia 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 3416503609a9SYuri PankovRule EgyptAsia 1959 1967 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 3417503609a9SYuri PankovRule EgyptAsia 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 3418503609a9SYuri PankovRule EgyptAsia 1966 only - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 3419503609a9SYuri Pankov 3420503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 1999 2005 - Apr Fri>=15 0:00 1:00 S 3421503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 1999 2003 - Oct Fri>=15 0:00 0 - 3422503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 2004 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - 3423503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 2005 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 3424503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 2006 2007 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 3425503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 3426f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Palestine 2007 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 - 3427503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 2008 2009 - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 3428503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 3429f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Palestine 2009 only - Sep 4 1:00 0 - 3430503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 2010 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 3431503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 3432503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 2011 only - Apr 1 0:01 1:00 S 3433503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 3434503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 2011 only - Aug 30 0:00 1:00 S 3435503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 2011 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - 3436503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 2012 2014 - Mar lastThu 24:00 1:00 S 3437503609a9SYuri PankovRule Palestine 2012 only - Sep 21 1:00 0 - 3438f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Palestine 2013 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - 3439f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Palestine 2014 only - Oct 24 0:00 0 - 3440f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Palestine 2015 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 S 3441f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Palestine 2015 only - Oct 23 1:00 0 - 3442374df668SAndy FiddamanRule Palestine 2016 2018 - Mar Sat>=24 1:00 1:00 S 3443f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Palestine 2016 2018 - Oct Sat>=24 1:00 0 - 3444f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Palestine 2019 only - Mar 29 0:00 1:00 S 3445f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Palestine 2019 only - Oct Sat>=24 0:00 0 - 3446f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiRule Palestine 2020 max - Mar Sat>=24 0:00 1:00 S 3447*06965442SAndy FiddamanRule Palestine 2020 only - Oct 24 1:00 0 - 3448*06965442SAndy FiddamanRule Palestine 2021 max - Oct lastFri 1:00 0 - 3449503609a9SYuri Pankov 3450374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3451503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Gaza 2:17:52 - LMT 1900 Oct 3452dafc4501SDan McDonald 2:00 Zion EET/EEST 1948 May 15 3453503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 3454503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 3455503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 3456503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2008 Aug 29 0:00 3457503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 - EET 2008 Sep 3458503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2010 3459503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 - EET 2010 Mar 27 0:01 3460503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 2011 Aug 1 3461503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 - EET 2012 3462503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 3463503609a9SYuri Pankov 3464503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Hebron 2:20:23 - LMT 1900 Oct 3465dafc4501SDan McDonald 2:00 Zion EET/EEST 1948 May 15 3466503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 EgyptAsia EE%sT 1967 Jun 5 3467503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 Zion I%sT 1996 3468503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 Jordan EE%sT 1999 3469503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 Palestine EE%sT 3470503609a9SYuri Pankov 3471503609a9SYuri Pankov# Paracel Is 3472503609a9SYuri Pankov# no information 3473503609a9SYuri Pankov 3474503609a9SYuri Pankov# Philippines 3475251a62bcSDominik Hassler 3476251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18): 3477251a62bcSDominik Hassler# The Spanish initially used American (west-of-Greenwich) time. 3478251a62bcSDominik Hassler# It is unknown what time Manila kept when the British occupied it from 3479251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 1762-10-06 through 1764-04; for now assume it kept American time. 3480503609a9SYuri Pankov# On 1844-08-16, Narciso Clavería, governor-general of the 3481503609a9SYuri Pankov# Philippines, issued a proclamation announcing that 1844-12-30 was to 3482503609a9SYuri Pankov# be immediately followed by 1845-01-01; see R.H. van Gent's 3483503609a9SYuri Pankov# History of the International Date Line 3484b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl_philippines.htm 3485503609a9SYuri Pankov# The rest of the data entries are from Shanks & Pottenger. 3486503609a9SYuri Pankov 3487503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-26): 3488503609a9SYuri Pankov# ... claims that Philippines had DST last time in 1990: 3489503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://story.philippinetimes.com/p.x/ct/9/id/145be20cc6b121c0/cid/3e5bbccc730d258c/ 3490503609a9SYuri Pankov# [a story dated 2006-04-25 by Cris Larano of Dow Jones Newswires, 3491503609a9SYuri Pankov# but no details] 3492503609a9SYuri Pankov 3493503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-14): 3494503609a9SYuri Pankov# The following source says DST may be instituted November-January and again 3495503609a9SYuri Pankov# March-June, but this is not definite. It also says DST was last proclaimed 3496503609a9SYuri Pankov# during the Ramos administration (1992-1998); but again, no details. 3497503609a9SYuri Pankov# Carcamo D. PNoy urged to declare use of daylight saving time. 3498503609a9SYuri Pankov# Philippine Star 2014-08-05 3499503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2014/08/05/1354152/pnoy-urged-declare-use-daylight-saving-time 3500503609a9SYuri Pankov 350105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Goyette (2018-06-15): 350205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# In the Philippines, there is a national law, Republic Act No. 10535 350305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# which declares the official time here as "Philippine Standard Time". 350405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# The act [1] even specifies use of PST as the abbreviation, although 350505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# the FAQ provided by PAGASA [2] uses the "acronym PhST to distinguish 350605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# it from the Pacific Standard Time (PST)." 350705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# [1] http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/05/15/republic-act-no-10535/ 350805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# [2] https://www1.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/index.php/astronomy/philippine-standard-time#republic-act-10535 350905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 351005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2018-06-19): 351105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# I surveyed recent news reports, and my impression is that "PST" is 351205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# more popular among reliable English-language news sources. This is 351305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# not just a measure of Google hit counts: it's also the sizes and 351405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# influence of the sources. There is no current abbreviation for DST, 351505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# so use "PDT", the usual American style. 351605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 3517*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# From P Chan (2021-05-10): 3518*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# Here's a fairly comprehensive article in Japanese: 3519*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# https://wiki.suikawiki.org/n/Philippine%20Time 3520*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2021-05-10): 3521*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# The info in the Japanese table has not been absorbed (yet) below. 3522*06965442SAndy Fiddaman 3523f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 352405e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Phil 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 D 352505e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Phil 1937 only - Feb 1 0:00 0 S 352605e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Phil 1954 only - Apr 12 0:00 1:00 D 352705e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Phil 1954 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S 352805e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Phil 1978 only - Mar 22 0:00 1:00 D 352905e627dcSAndy FiddamanRule Phil 1978 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 S 3530374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3531503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Manila -15:56:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 3532503609a9SYuri Pankov 8:04:00 - LMT 1899 May 11 353305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 8:00 Phil P%sT 1942 May 353405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 9:00 - JST 1944 Nov 353505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 8:00 Phil P%sT 3536503609a9SYuri Pankov 3537503609a9SYuri Pankov# Qatar 3538374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3539503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Qatar 3:26:08 - LMT 1920 # Al Dawhah / Doha 3540dafc4501SDan McDonald 4:00 - +04 1972 Jun 3541dafc4501SDan McDonald 3:00 - +03 3542503609a9SYuri PankovLink Asia/Qatar Asia/Bahrain 3543503609a9SYuri Pankov 3544503609a9SYuri Pankov# Saudi Arabia 3545503609a9SYuri Pankov# 354605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# From Paul Eggert (2018-08-29): 3547503609a9SYuri Pankov# Time in Saudi Arabia and other countries in the Arabian peninsula was not 354805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# standardized until 1968 or so; we don't know exactly when, and possibly it 3549503609a9SYuri Pankov# has never been made official. Richard P Hunt, in "Islam city yielding to 3550503609a9SYuri Pankov# modern times", New York Times (1961-04-09), p 20, wrote that only airlines 3551503609a9SYuri Pankov# observed standard time, and that people in Jeddah mostly observed quasi-solar 3552503609a9SYuri Pankov# time, doing so by setting their watches at sunrise to 6 o'clock (or to 12 3553503609a9SYuri Pankov# o'clock for "Arab" time). 3554503609a9SYuri Pankov# 355505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# Timekeeping differed depending on who you were and which part of Saudi 355605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# Arabia you were in. In 1969, Elias Antar wrote that although a common 355705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# practice had been to set one's watch to 12:00 (i.e., midnight) at sunset - 355805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# which meant that the time on one side of a mountain could differ greatly from 355905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# the time on the other side - many foreigners set their watches to 6pm 356005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# instead, while airlines instead used UTC +03 (except in Dhahran, where they 356105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# used UTC +04), Aramco used UTC +03 with DST, and the Trans-Arabian Pipe Line 356205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# Company used Aramco time in eastern Saudi Arabia and airline time in western. 356305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# (The American Military Aid Advisory Group used plain UTC.) Antar writes, 356405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# "A man named Higgins, so the story goes, used to run a local power 356505e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# station. One day, the whole thing became too much for Higgins and he 356605e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# assembled his staff and laid down the law. 'I've had enough of this,' he 356705e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# shrieked. 'It is now 12 o'clock Higgins Time, and from now on this station is 356805e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# going to run on Higgins Time.' And so, until last year, it did." See: 356905e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# Antar E. Dinner at When? Saudi Aramco World, 1969 March/April. 2-3. 357005e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# http://archive.aramcoworld.com/issue/196902/dinner.at.when.htm 3571251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Also see: Antar EN. Arabian flying is confusing. 3572251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Port Angeles (WA) Evening News. 1965-03-10. page 3. 357305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# 3574503609a9SYuri Pankov# The TZ database cannot represent quasi-solar time; airline time is the best 3575503609a9SYuri Pankov# we can do. The 1946 foreign air news digest of the U.S. Civil Aeronautics 3576503609a9SYuri Pankov# Board (OCLC 42299995) reported that the "... Arabian Government, inaugurated 3577503609a9SYuri Pankov# a weekly Dhahran-Cairo service, via the Saudi Arabian cities of Riyadh and 3578503609a9SYuri Pankov# Jidda, on March 14, 1947". Shanks & Pottenger guessed 1950; go with the 3579503609a9SYuri Pankov# earlier date. 3580503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3581503609a9SYuri Pankov# Shanks & Pottenger also state that until 1968-05-01 Saudi Arabia had two 3582503609a9SYuri Pankov# time zones; the other zone, at UT +04, was in the far eastern part of 358305e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# the country. Presumably this is documenting airline time. Ignore this, 358405e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# as it's before our 1970 cutoff. 3585503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3586374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3587503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1947 Mar 14 3588dafc4501SDan McDonald 3:00 - +03 3589*06965442SAndy FiddamanLink Asia/Riyadh Antarctica/Syowa 3590503609a9SYuri PankovLink Asia/Riyadh Asia/Aden # Yemen 3591503609a9SYuri PankovLink Asia/Riyadh Asia/Kuwait 3592503609a9SYuri Pankov 3593503609a9SYuri Pankov# Singapore 3594503609a9SYuri Pankov# taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30) 3595*06965442SAndy Fiddaman# https://web.archive.org/web/20190822231045/http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/~mathelmr/teaching/timezone.html 3596374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3597503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1 3598503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T. 3599dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1933 Jan 1 3600dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:00 0:20 +0720 1936 Jan 1 3601dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:20 - +0720 1941 Sep 1 3602dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1942 Feb 16 3603dafc4501SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 12 3604dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:30 - +0730 1982 Jan 1 3605dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 3606503609a9SYuri Pankov 3607503609a9SYuri Pankov# Spratly Is 3608503609a9SYuri Pankov# no information 3609503609a9SYuri Pankov 3610503609a9SYuri Pankov# Sri Lanka 3611503609a9SYuri Pankov 3612503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 3613503609a9SYuri Pankov# Milne says "Madras mean time use from May 1, 1898. Prior to this Colombo 3614503609a9SYuri Pankov# mean time, 5h. 4m. 21.9s. F., was used." But 5:04:21.9 differs considerably 3615503609a9SYuri Pankov# from Colombo's meridian 5:19:24, so for now ignore Milne and stick with 3616503609a9SYuri Pankov# Shanks and Pottenger. 3617503609a9SYuri Pankov 3618503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (1996-09-03): 3619503609a9SYuri Pankov# "Sri Lanka advances clock by an hour to avoid blackout" 3620503609a9SYuri Pankov# (<http://www.virtual-pc.com/lankaweb/news/items/240596-2.html>, 1996-05-24, 3621503609a9SYuri Pankov# no longer available as of 1999-08-17) 3622503609a9SYuri Pankov# reported "the country's standard time will be put forward by one hour at 3623503609a9SYuri Pankov# midnight Friday (1830 GMT) 'in the light of the present power crisis'." 3624503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3625503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Dharmasiri Senanayake, Sri Lanka Media Minister (1996-10-24), as quoted 3626503609a9SYuri Pankov# by Shamindra in Daily News - Hot News Section 3627503609a9SYuri Pankov# <news:54rka5$m5h@mtinsc01-mgt.ops.worldnet.att.net> (1996-10-26): 3628503609a9SYuri Pankov# With effect from 12.30 a.m. on 26th October 1996 3629503609a9SYuri Pankov# Sri Lanka will be six (06) hours ahead of GMT. 3630503609a9SYuri Pankov 3631503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-04-14), quoting Sri Lanka News Online 3632503609a9SYuri Pankov# <http://news.sinhalaya.com/wmview.php?ArtID=11002> (2006-04-13): 3633503609a9SYuri Pankov# 0030 hrs on April 15, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006 +30 minutes) 3634503609a9SYuri Pankov# at present, become 2400 hours of April 14, 2006 (midnight of April 14, 2006). 3635503609a9SYuri Pankov 3636503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Peter Apps and Ranga Sirila of Reuters (2006-04-12) in: 3637503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://today.reuters.co.uk/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-04-12T172228Z_01_COL295762_RTRIDST_0_SCIENCE-SRILANKA-TIME-DC.XML 3638503609a9SYuri Pankov# [The Tamil Tigers] never accepted the original 1996 time change and simply 3639503609a9SYuri Pankov# kept their clocks set five and a half hours ahead of Greenwich Mean 3640503609a9SYuri Pankov# Time (GMT), in line with neighbor India. 3641503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-18): 3642503609a9SYuri Pankov# People who live in regions under Tamil control can use [TZ='Asia/Kolkata'], 3643503609a9SYuri Pankov# as that zone has agreed with the Tamil areas since our cutoff date of 1970. 3644503609a9SYuri Pankov 3645503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Sadika Sumanapala (2016-10-19): 3646503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to http://www.sltime.org (maintained by Measurement Units, 3647503609a9SYuri Pankov# Standards & Services Department, Sri Lanka) abbreviation for Sri Lanka 3648503609a9SYuri Pankov# standard time is SLST. 3649503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3650503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2016-10-18): 3651503609a9SYuri Pankov# "SLST" seems to be reasonably recent and rarely-used outside time 3652503609a9SYuri Pankov# zone nerd sources. I searched Google News and found three uses of 3653503609a9SYuri Pankov# it in the International Business Times of India in February and 3654503609a9SYuri Pankov# March of this year when discussing cricket match times, but nothing 3655503609a9SYuri Pankov# since then (though there has been a lot of cricket) and nothing in 3656503609a9SYuri Pankov# other English-language news sources. Our old abbreviation "LKT" is 3657503609a9SYuri Pankov# even worse. For now, let's use a numeric abbreviation; we can 3658503609a9SYuri Pankov# switch to "SLST" if it catches on. 3659503609a9SYuri Pankov 3660374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3661503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Colombo 5:19:24 - LMT 1880 3662503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:19:32 - MMT 1906 # Moratuwa Mean Time 3663503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:30 - +0530 1942 Jan 5 3664dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:30 0:30 +06 1942 Sep 3665dafc4501SDan McDonald 5:30 1:00 +0630 1945 Oct 16 2:00 3666503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:30 - +0530 1996 May 25 0:00 3667503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:30 - +0630 1996 Oct 26 0:30 3668503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:00 - +06 2006 Apr 15 0:30 3669503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:30 - +0530 3670503609a9SYuri Pankov 3671503609a9SYuri Pankov# Syria 3672f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 3673503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1920 1923 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 S 3674503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1920 1923 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 3675503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1962 only - Apr 29 2:00 1:00 S 3676503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1962 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 3677503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1963 1965 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 3678503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1963 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 3679503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1964 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 3680503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1965 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 3681503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1966 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 S 3682503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1966 1976 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 3683503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1967 1978 - May 1 2:00 1:00 S 3684503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1977 1978 - Sep 1 2:00 0 - 3685503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1983 1984 - Apr 9 2:00 1:00 S 3686503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1983 1984 - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 3687503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1986 only - Feb 16 2:00 1:00 S 3688503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1986 only - Oct 9 2:00 0 - 3689503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1987 only - Mar 1 2:00 1:00 S 3690503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1987 1988 - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 3691503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1988 only - Mar 15 2:00 1:00 S 3692503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1989 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S 3693503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1989 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 - 3694503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1990 only - Apr 1 2:00 1:00 S 3695503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1990 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 3696503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1991 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 3697503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1991 1992 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 3698503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1992 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 S 3699503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1993 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 S 3700503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1993 only - Sep 25 0:00 0 - 3701503609a9SYuri Pankov# IATA SSIM (1998-02) says 1998-04-02; 3702503609a9SYuri Pankov# (1998-09) says 1999-03-29 and 1999-09-29; (1999-02) says 1999-04-02, 3703503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2000-04-02, and 2001-04-02; (1999-09) says 2000-03-31 and 2001-03-31; 3704503609a9SYuri Pankov# (2006) says 2006-03-31 and 2006-09-22; 3705503609a9SYuri Pankov# for now ignore all these claims and go with Shanks & Pottenger, 3706503609a9SYuri Pankov# except for the 2006-09-22 claim (which seems right for Ramadan). 3707503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1994 1996 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 3708503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1994 2005 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 3709503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1997 1998 - Mar lastMon 0:00 1:00 S 3710503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 1999 2006 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 3711503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Stephen Colebourne (2006-09-18): 3712503609a9SYuri Pankov# According to IATA data, Syria will change DST on 21st September [21:00 UTC] 3713503609a9SYuri Pankov# this year [only].... This is probably related to Ramadan, like Egypt. 3714503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 2006 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 - 3715503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-29): 3716503609a9SYuri Pankov# Today the AP reported "Syria will switch to summertime at midnight Thursday." 3717503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/03/29/africa/ME-GEN-Syria-Time-Change.php 3718503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 2007 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 3719503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Jesper Nørgaard (2007-10-27): 3720503609a9SYuri Pankov# The sister center ICARDA of my work CIMMYT is confirming that Syria DST will 3721503609a9SYuri Pankov# not take place 1st November at 0:00 o'clock but 1st November at 24:00 or 3722503609a9SYuri Pankov# rather Midnight between Thursday and Friday. This does make more sense than 3723503609a9SYuri Pankov# having it between Wednesday and Thursday (two workdays in Syria) since the 3724503609a9SYuri Pankov# weekend in Syria is not Saturday and Sunday, but Friday and Saturday. So now 3725503609a9SYuri Pankov# it is implemented at midnight of the last workday before weekend... 3726503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3727503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-27): 3728503609a9SYuri Pankov# Jesper Nørgaard Welen wrote: 3729503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3730503609a9SYuri Pankov# > "Winter local time in Syria will be observed at midnight of Thursday 1 3731503609a9SYuri Pankov# > November 2007, and the clock will be put back 1 hour." 3732503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3733503609a9SYuri Pankov# I found confirmation on this in this gov.sy-article (Arabic): 3734503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://wehda.alwehda.gov.sy/_print_veiw.asp?FileName=12521710520070926111247 3735503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3736503609a9SYuri Pankov# which using Google's translate tools says: 3737503609a9SYuri Pankov# Council of Ministers also approved the commencement of work on 3738503609a9SYuri Pankov# identifying the winter time as of Friday, 2/11/2007 where the 60th 3739503609a9SYuri Pankov# minute delay at midnight Thursday 1/11/2007. 3740503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 2007 only - Nov Fri>=1 0:00 0 - 3741503609a9SYuri Pankov 3742503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Stephen Colebourne (2008-03-17): 3743503609a9SYuri Pankov# For everyone's info, I saw an IATA time zone change for [Syria] for 3744503609a9SYuri Pankov# this month (March 2008) in the last day or so.... 3745503609a9SYuri Pankov# Country Time Standard --- DST Start --- --- DST End --- DST 3746503609a9SYuri Pankov# Name Zone Variation Time Date Time Date 3747503609a9SYuri Pankov# Variation 3748503609a9SYuri Pankov# Syrian Arab 3749503609a9SYuri Pankov# Republic SY +0200 2200 03APR08 2100 30SEP08 +0300 3750503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2200 02APR09 2100 30SEP09 +0300 3751503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2200 01APR10 2100 30SEP10 +0300 3752503609a9SYuri Pankov 3753503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-17): 3754503609a9SYuri Pankov# Here's a link to English-language coverage by the Syrian Arab News 3755503609a9SYuri Pankov# Agency (SANA)... 3756503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2008/03/11/165173.htm 3757503609a9SYuri Pankov# ...which reads (in part) "The Cabinet approved the suggestion of the 3758503609a9SYuri Pankov# Ministry of Electricity to begin daylight savings time on Friday April 3759503609a9SYuri Pankov# 4th, advancing clocks one hour ahead on midnight of Thursday April 3rd." 3760503609a9SYuri Pankov# Since Syria is two hours east of UTC, the 2200 and 2100 transition times 3761503609a9SYuri Pankov# shown above match up with midnight in Syria. 3762503609a9SYuri Pankov 3763503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 3764503609a9SYuri Pankov# My best guess at a Syrian rule is "the Friday nearest April 1"; 3765503609a9SYuri Pankov# coding that involves either using a "Mar Fri>=29" construct that old time zone 3766503609a9SYuri Pankov# compilers can't handle or having multiple Rules (a la Israel). 3767503609a9SYuri Pankov# For now, use "Apr Fri>=1", and go with IATA on a uniform Sep 30 end. 3768503609a9SYuri Pankov 3769503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-10-07): 3770503609a9SYuri Pankov# Syria has now officially decided to end DST on 2008-11-01 this year, 3771503609a9SYuri Pankov# according to the following article in the Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA). 3772503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3773503609a9SYuri Pankov# The article is in Arabic, and seems to tell that they will go back to 3774503609a9SYuri Pankov# winter time on 2008-11-01 at 00:00 local daylight time (delaying/setting 3775503609a9SYuri Pankov# clocks back 60 minutes). 3776503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3777503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://sana.sy/ara/2/2008/10/07/195459.htm 3778503609a9SYuri Pankov 3779503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-19): 3780503609a9SYuri Pankov# Syria will start DST on 2009-03-27 00:00 this year according to many sources, 3781503609a9SYuri Pankov# two examples: 3782503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3783503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.sana.sy/eng/21/2009/03/17/217563.htm 3784503609a9SYuri Pankov# (English, Syrian Arab News # Agency) 3785503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://thawra.alwehda.gov.sy/_View_news2.asp?FileName=94459258720090318012209 3786503609a9SYuri Pankov# (Arabic, gov-site) 3787503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3788503609a9SYuri Pankov# We have not found any sources saying anything about when DST ends this year. 3789503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3790503609a9SYuri Pankov# Our summary 3791b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-starts-march-27-2009.html 3792503609a9SYuri Pankov 3793503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-27): 3794503609a9SYuri Pankov# The Syrian Arab News Network on 2009-09-29 reported that Syria will 3795503609a9SYuri Pankov# revert back to winter (standard) time on midnight between Thursday 3796503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2009-10-29 and Friday 2009-10-30: 3797503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2009/09/29/247012.htm (Arabic) 3798503609a9SYuri Pankov 3799503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Arthur David Olson (2009-10-28): 3800503609a9SYuri Pankov# We'll see if future DST switching times turn out to be end of the last 3801503609a9SYuri Pankov# Thursday of the month or the start of the last Friday of the month or 3802503609a9SYuri Pankov# something else. For now, use the start of the last Friday. 3803503609a9SYuri Pankov 3804503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-17): 3805503609a9SYuri Pankov# The "Syrian News Station" reported on 2010-03-16 that the Council of 3806503609a9SYuri Pankov# Ministers has decided that Syria will start DST on midnight Thursday 3807503609a9SYuri Pankov# 2010-04-01: (midnight between Thursday and Friday): 3808503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://sns.sy/sns/?path=news/read/11421 (Arabic) 3809503609a9SYuri Pankov 3810503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-26): 3811503609a9SYuri Pankov# Today, Syria's government announced that they will start DST early on Friday 3812503609a9SYuri Pankov# (00:00). This is a bit earlier than the past two years. 3813503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3814503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Syrian Arab News Agency, in Arabic: 3815503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.sana.sy/ara/2/2012/03/26/408215.htm 3816503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3817503609a9SYuri Pankov# Our brief summary: 3818b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/syria-dst-2012.html 3819503609a9SYuri Pankov 3820503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-27): 3821503609a9SYuri Pankov# Assume last Friday in March going forward XXX. 3822503609a9SYuri Pankov 3823503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 2008 only - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 3824503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 2008 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 3825503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 2009 only - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 3826503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 2010 2011 - Apr Fri>=1 0:00 1:00 S 3827503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 2012 max - Mar lastFri 0:00 1:00 S 3828503609a9SYuri PankovRule Syria 2009 max - Oct lastFri 0:00 0 - 3829503609a9SYuri Pankov 3830374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3831503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Damascus 2:25:12 - LMT 1920 # Dimashq 3832503609a9SYuri Pankov 2:00 Syria EE%sT 3833503609a9SYuri Pankov 3834503609a9SYuri Pankov# Tajikistan 3835503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Shanks & Pottenger. 3836374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3837503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Dushanbe 4:35:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 3838503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 3839503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00s 3840503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 1:00 +05/+06 1991 Sep 9 2:00s 3841503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 3842503609a9SYuri Pankov 3843503609a9SYuri Pankov# Thailand 3844374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3845503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Bangkok 6:42:04 - LMT 1880 3846503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:42:04 - BMT 1920 Apr # Bangkok Mean Time 3847dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 3848503609a9SYuri PankovLink Asia/Bangkok Asia/Phnom_Penh # Cambodia 3849503609a9SYuri PankovLink Asia/Bangkok Asia/Vientiane # Laos 3850503609a9SYuri Pankov 3851503609a9SYuri Pankov# Turkmenistan 3852503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Shanks & Pottenger. 3853374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3854503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Ashgabat 3:53:32 - LMT 1924 May 2 # or Ashkhabad 3855503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 3856503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1991 Mar 31 2:00 3857503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 RussiaAsia +04/+05 1992 Jan 19 2:00 3858503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 3859503609a9SYuri Pankov 3860503609a9SYuri Pankov# United Arab Emirates 3861374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3862503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Dubai 3:41:12 - LMT 1920 3863dafc4501SDan McDonald 4:00 - +04 3864503609a9SYuri PankovLink Asia/Dubai Asia/Muscat # Oman 3865503609a9SYuri Pankov 3866503609a9SYuri Pankov# Uzbekistan 3867503609a9SYuri Pankov# Byalokoz 1919 says Uzbekistan was 4:27:53. 3868374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3869503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Samarkand 4:27:53 - LMT 1924 May 2 3870503609a9SYuri Pankov 4:00 - +04 1930 Jun 21 3871503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 1981 Apr 1 3872503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 1:00 +06 1981 Oct 1 3873503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:00 - +06 1982 Apr 1 3874503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 3875503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 3876503609a9SYuri Pankov# Milne says Tashkent was 4:37:10.8; round to nearest. 3877503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Tashkent 4:37:11 - LMT 1924 May 2 3878503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 1930 Jun 21 3879503609a9SYuri Pankov 6:00 RussiaAsia +06/+07 1991 Mar 31 2:00 3880503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 RussiaAsia +05/+06 1992 3881503609a9SYuri Pankov 5:00 - +05 3882503609a9SYuri Pankov 3883503609a9SYuri Pankov# Vietnam 3884503609a9SYuri Pankov 3885503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-04): 3886503609a9SYuri Pankov# Milne gives 7:16:56 for the meridian of Saigon in 1899, as being 3887503609a9SYuri Pankov# used in Lower Laos, Cambodia, and Annam. But this is quite a ways 3888503609a9SYuri Pankov# from Saigon's location. For now, ignore this and stick with Shanks 3889503609a9SYuri Pankov# and Pottenger for LMT before 1906. 3890503609a9SYuri Pankov 3891503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-18): 3892503609a9SYuri Pankov# The English-language name of Vietnam's most populous city is "Ho Chi Minh 3893503609a9SYuri Pankov# City"; use Ho_Chi_Minh below to avoid a name of more than 14 characters. 3894503609a9SYuri Pankov 3895503609a9SYuri Pankov# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-21) after a heads-up from Trần Ngọc Quân: 3896503609a9SYuri Pankov# Trần Tiến Bình's authoritative book "Lịch Việt Nam: thế kỷ XX-XXI (1901-2100)" 3897503609a9SYuri Pankov# (Nhà xuất bản Văn Hoá - Thông Tin, Hanoi, 2005), pp 49-50, 3898503609a9SYuri Pankov# is quoted verbatim in: 3899503609a9SYuri Pankov# http://www.thoigian.com.vn/?mPage=P80D01 3900503609a9SYuri Pankov# is translated by Brian Inglis in: 3901b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2014-October/021654.html 3902503609a9SYuri Pankov# and is the basis for the information below. 3903503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3904503609a9SYuri Pankov# The 1906 transition was effective July 1 and standardized Indochina to 39053508b934SYuri Pankov# Phù Liễn Observatory, legally 104° 17' 17" east of Paris. 3906503609a9SYuri Pankov# It's unclear whether this meant legal Paris Mean Time (00:09:21) or 39073508b934SYuri Pankov# the Paris Meridian (2° 20' 14.03" E); the former yields 07:06:30.1333... 3908503609a9SYuri Pankov# and the latter 07:06:29.333... so either way it rounds to 07:06:30, 3909503609a9SYuri Pankov# which is used below even though the modern-day Phù Liễn Observatory 3910503609a9SYuri Pankov# is closer to 07:06:31. Abbreviate Phù Liễn Mean Time as PLMT. 3911503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3912503609a9SYuri Pankov# The following transitions occurred in Indochina in general (before 1954) 3913503609a9SYuri Pankov# and in South Vietnam in particular (after 1954): 3914503609a9SYuri Pankov# To 07:00 on 1911-05-01. 3915503609a9SYuri Pankov# To 08:00 on 1942-12-31 at 23:00. 3916374df668SAndy Fiddaman# To 09:00 on 1945-03-14 at 23:00. 3917503609a9SYuri Pankov# To 07:00 on 1945-09-02 in Vietnam. 3918503609a9SYuri Pankov# To 08:00 on 1947-04-01 in French-controlled Indochina. 3919503609a9SYuri Pankov# To 07:00 on 1955-07-01 in South Vietnam. 3920503609a9SYuri Pankov# To 08:00 on 1959-12-31 at 23:00 in South Vietnam. 3921503609a9SYuri Pankov# To 07:00 on 1975-06-13 in South Vietnam. 3922503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3923503609a9SYuri Pankov# Trần cites the following sources; it's unclear which supplied the info above. 3924503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3925503609a9SYuri Pankov# Hoàng Xuân Hãn: "Lịch và lịch Việt Nam". Tập san Khoa học Xã hội, 3926503609a9SYuri Pankov# No. 9, Paris, February 1982. 3927503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3928503609a9SYuri Pankov# Lê Thành Lân: "Lịch và niên biểu lịch sử hai mươi thế kỷ (0001-2010)", 3929503609a9SYuri Pankov# NXB Thống kê, Hanoi, 2000. 3930503609a9SYuri Pankov# 3931503609a9SYuri Pankov# Lê Thành Lân: "Lịch hai thế kỷ (1802-2010) và các lịch vĩnh cửu", 3932503609a9SYuri Pankov# NXB Thuận Hoá, Huế, 1995. 3933503609a9SYuri Pankov 3934374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 3935503609a9SYuri PankovZone Asia/Ho_Chi_Minh 7:06:40 - LMT 1906 Jul 1 3936dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:06:30 - PLMT 1911 May 1 # Phù Liễn MT 3937dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1942 Dec 31 23:00 3938dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1945 Mar 14 23:00 3939dafc4501SDan McDonald 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 2 3940dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1947 Apr 1 3941dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1955 Jul 1 3942dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1959 Dec 31 23:00 3943dafc4501SDan McDonald 8:00 - +08 1975 Jun 13 3944dafc4501SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 3945503609a9SYuri Pankov 3946251a62bcSDominik Hassler# From Paul Eggert (2019-02-19): 3947251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 3948251a62bcSDominik Hassler# The Ho Chi Minh entry suffices for most purposes as it agrees with all of 3949251a62bcSDominik Hassler# Vietnam since 1975-06-13. Presumably clocks often changed in south Vietnam 3950251a62bcSDominik Hassler# in the early 1970s as locations changed hands during the war; however the 3951251a62bcSDominik Hassler# details are unknown and would likely be too voluminous for this database. 3952251a62bcSDominik Hassler# 3953251a62bcSDominik Hassler# For timestamps in north Vietnam back to 1970 (the tzdb cutoff), 3954251a62bcSDominik Hassler# use Asia/Bangkok; see the VN entries in the file zone1970.tab. 3955251a62bcSDominik Hassler# For timestamps before 1970, see Asia/Hanoi in the file 'backzone'. 3956251a62bcSDominik Hassler 3957251a62bcSDominik Hassler 3958503609a9SYuri Pankov# Yemen 3959503609a9SYuri Pankov# See Asia/Riyadh. 3960