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1# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
2# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
3
4# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15):
5# To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see
6# COMNAP - Stations and Bases
7# http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/
8# and
9# Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23)
10# http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm
11# for information.
12# Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information.
13
14# FORMAT is '-00' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
15
16# Argentina - year-round bases
17# Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05
18# Carlini, Potter Cove, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01
19# Esperanza, Hope Bay, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17
20# Marambio, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29
21# Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22
22# San Martín, Barry I, -6808-06706, since 1951-03-21
23#	(except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21)
24
25# Australia - territories
26# Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited)
27#	previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered
28#	Margaret Turner reports
29#	https://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html
30#	(1999-09-30) that they're UT +05, with no DST;
31#	presumably this is when they have visitors.
32#
33# year-round bases
34# Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969
35# Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13
36#	(except 1964-11 - 1969-02)
37# Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13
38
39# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11):
40# Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone:
41# Casey moved from UTC+8 to UTC+11
42# Davis moved from UTC+7 to UTC+5
43# Mawson moved from UTC+6 to UTC+5
44# The changes occurred on 2009-10-18 at 02:00 (local times).
45#
46# Government source: (Australian Antarctic Division)
47# http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079
48#
49# We have more background information here:
50# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html
51
52# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10):
53# We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: ...
54#
55# - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010.
56# The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but
57# has not been decided yet.
58#
59# - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010
60# 20:00 UTC.
61#
62# - Mawson station stays on UTC+5.
63#
64# Background:
65# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html
66
67# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-10-28):
68# Australian Antarctica Division informed us that Casey changed time
69# zone to UTC+11 in "the morning of 22nd October 2016".
70
71# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
72Zone Antarctica/Casey	0	-	-00	1969
73			8:00	-	+08	2009 Oct 18  2:00
74			11:00	-	+11	2010 Mar  5  2:00
75			8:00	-	+08	2011 Oct 28  2:00
76			11:00	-	+11	2012 Feb 21 17:00u
77			8:00	-	+08	2016 Oct 22
78			11:00	-	+11
79Zone Antarctica/Davis	0	-	-00	1957 Jan 13
80			7:00	-	+07	1964 Nov
81			0	-	-00	1969 Feb
82			7:00	-	+07	2009 Oct 18  2:00
83			5:00	-	+05	2010 Mar 10 20:00u
84			7:00	-	+07	2011 Oct 28  2:00
85			5:00	-	+05	2012 Feb 21 20:00u
86			7:00	-	+07
87Zone Antarctica/Mawson	0	-	-00	1954 Feb 13
88			6:00	-	+06	2009 Oct 18  2:00
89			5:00	-	+05
90# References:
91# Casey Weather (1998-02-26)
92# http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html
93# Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26)
94# http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html
95# Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25)
96# http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html
97
98# Belgium - year-round base
99# Princess Elisabeth, Queen Maud Land, -713412+0231200, since 2007
100
101# Brazil - year-round base
102# Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4
103
104# Bulgaria - year-round base
105# St. Kliment Ohridski, Livingston Island, -623829-0602153, since 1988
106
107# Chile - year-round bases and towns
108# Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994
109# Frei Montalva, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07
110# O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02
111# Prat, -6230-05941
112# Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09
113# These locations employ Region of Magallanes time; use
114# TZ='America/Punta_Arenas'.
115
116# China - year-round bases
117# Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20
118# Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26
119
120# France - year-round bases (also see "France & Italy")
121#
122# From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20):
123# Time data entries are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP
124# (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology).
125# She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adélie bases
126# don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adélie supplies came
127# from Tasmania.
128#
129# French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants
130#
131# Alfred Faure, Possession Island, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964;
132#	sealing & whaling stations operated variously 1802/1911+;
133#	see Indian/Reunion.
134#
135# Martin-de-Viviès, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950
136# Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951;
137#	whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956
138#
139# St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
140#	fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
141#
142# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
143Zone Indian/Kerguelen	0	-	-00	1950 # Port-aux-Français
144			5:00	-	+05
145#
146# year-round base in the main continent
147# Dumont d'Urville, Île des Pétrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
148# <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station> (2005-12-05)
149#
150# Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
151# It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
152#
153# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
154Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 -	-00	1947
155			10:00	-	+10	1952 Jan 14
156			0	-	-00	1956 Nov
157			10:00	-	+10
158
159# France & Italy - year-round base
160# Concordia, -750600+1232000, since 2005
161
162# Germany - year-round base
163# Neumayer III, -704080-0081602, since 2009
164
165# India - year-round bases
166# Bharati, -692428+0761114, since 2012
167# Maitri, -704558+0114356, since 1989
168
169# Italy - year-round base (also see "France & Italy")
170# Zuchelli, Terra Nova Bay, -744140+1640647, since 1986
171
172# Japan - year-round bases
173# Syowa (also known as Showa), -690022+0393524, since 1957
174#
175# From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06):
176# In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time.
177#
178# Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
179# was established on 1957-01-29.  Since Syowa station is still the main
180# station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
181# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
182Zone Antarctica/Syowa	0	-	-00	1957 Jan 29
183			3:00	-	+03
184# See:
185# NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17)
186# http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html
187
188# S Korea - year-round base
189# Jang Bogo, Terra Nova Bay, -743700+1641205 since 2014
190# King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988
191
192# New Zealand - claims
193# Balleny Islands (never inhabited)
194# Scott Island (never inhabited)
195#
196# year-round base
197# Scott Base, Ross Island, since 1957-01.
198# See Pacific/Auckland.
199
200# Norway - territories
201# Bouvet (never inhabited)
202#
203# claims
204# Peter I Island (never inhabited)
205#
206# year-round base
207# Troll, Queen Maud Land, -720041+0023206, since 2005-02-12
208#
209# From Paul-Inge Flakstad (2014-03-10):
210# I recently had a long dialog about this with the developer of timegenie.com.
211# In the absence of specific dates, he decided to choose some likely ones:
212#   GMT +1 - From March 1 to the last Sunday in March
213#   GMT +2 - From the last Sunday in March until the last Sunday in October
214#   GMT +1 - From the last Sunday in October until November 7
215#   GMT +0 - From November 7 until March 1
216# The dates for switching to and from UTC+0 will probably not be absolutely
217# correct, but they should be quite close to the actual dates.
218#
219# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-21):
220# The CET-switching Troll rules require zic from tz 2014b or later, so as
221# suggested by Bengt-Inge Larsson comment them out for now, and approximate
222# with only UTC and CEST.  Uncomment them when 2014b is more prevalent.
223#
224# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
225#Rule	Troll	2005	max	-	Mar	 1	1:00u	1:00	+01
226Rule	Troll	2005	max	-	Mar	lastSun	1:00u	2:00	+02
227#Rule	Troll	2005	max	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00u	1:00	+01
228#Rule	Troll	2004	max	-	Nov	 7	1:00u	0:00	+00
229# Remove the following line when uncommenting the above '#Rule' lines.
230Rule	Troll	2004	max	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00u	0:00	+00
231# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
232Zone Antarctica/Troll	0	-	-00	2005 Feb 12
233			0:00	Troll	%s
234
235# Poland - year-round base
236# Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977
237
238# Romania - year-bound base
239# Law-Racoviță, Larsemann Hills, -692319+0762251, since 1986
240
241# Russia - year-round bases
242# Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22
243# Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02
244# Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551,
245#	year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01
246# Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150,
247#	year-round from 1960/61 to 1992
248
249# Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11
250# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15):
251# http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP
252# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same
253# time as Moscow, Russia.
254#
255# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08):
256# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is
257# what they had to say about time there:
258# "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
259# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was
260# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead
261# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The
262# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT."
263#
264# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
265# This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it
266# in person.  He said that some Antarctic locations set their local
267# time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this
268# changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean
269# solar noon.  So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks
270# happened to be during their visit.  So we still don't really know what time
271# it is at Vostok.  But we'll guess +06.
272#
273Zone Antarctica/Vostok	0	-	-00	1957 Dec 16
274			6:00	-	+06
275
276# S Africa - year-round bases
277# Marion Island, -4653+03752
278# SANAE IV, Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land, -714022-0025026, since 1997
279
280# Ukraine - year-round base
281# Vernadsky (formerly Faraday), Galindez Island, -651445-0641526, since 1954
282
283# United Kingdom
284#
285# British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims
286# South Orkney Islands
287#	scientific station from 1903
288#	whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926
289# South Shetland Islands
290#
291# year-round bases
292# Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983
293# Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931,
294#	scientific station 1943/1967,
295#	previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident,
296#	and a garrison was deployed briefly
297# Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06
298#	Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated
299#	so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location.
300# Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01
301#
302# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22)
303# <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year.
304#
305# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
306Zone Antarctica/Rothera	0	-	-00	1976 Dec  1
307			-3:00	-	-03
308
309# Uruguay - year round base
310# Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107
311
312# USA - year-round bases
313#
314# Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)
315# See 'southamerica' for Antarctica/Palmer, since it uses South American DST.
316#
317# McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12
318# Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20
319#
320# From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27):
321# Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station,
322# stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station,
323# but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12
324# as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound,
325# which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year
326# at that time (1957).  (Source: Siple's book 90 Degrees South.)
327#
328# From Susan Smith
329# http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html
330# (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available):
331# We use the same time as McMurdo does.
332# And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does....
333# One last quirk about South Pole time.
334# All the electric clocks are usually wrong.
335# Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something
336# makes all of the clocks run fast.  So every couple of days,
337# we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so.
338# Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!!
339#
340# See 'australasia' for Antarctica/McMurdo.
341