1# tzdb data for Africa and environs 2 3# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 5 6# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 7# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 8# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 9# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 10 11# From Paul Eggert (2018-05-27): 12# 13# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 14# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 15# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 16# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 17# 18# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source 19# for time zone data was the International Air Transport 20# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 21# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 22# of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, 23# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 24# 25# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 26# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 27# I found in the UCLA library. 28# 29# For data circa 1899, a common source is: 30# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. 31# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 32# 33# European-style abbreviations are commonly used along the Mediterranean. 34# For sub-Saharan Africa abbreviations were less standardized. 35# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 36# for UT +00 through +03, respectively, 37# but in 1997 Mark R V Murray reported that 38# 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +02 in the country of South Africa, 39# 'CAT' is commonly used for +02 in countries north of South Africa, and 40# 'WAT' is probably the best name for +01, as the common phrase for 41# the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa". 42# 43# To summarize, the following abbreviations seemed to have some currency: 44# +00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 45# +02 CAT Central Africa Time 46# +02 SAST South Africa Standard Time 47# and Murray suggested the following abbreviation: 48# +01 WAT West Africa Time 49# Murray's suggestion seems to have caught on in news reports and the like. 50# I vaguely recall 'WAT' also being used for -01 in the past but 51# cannot now come up with solid citations. 52# 53# I invented the following abbreviations in the 1990s: 54# +02 WAST West Africa Summer Time 55# +03 CAST Central Africa Summer Time 56# +03 SAST South Africa Summer Time 57# +03 EAT East Africa Time 58# 'EAT' seems to have caught on and is in current timestamps, and though 59# the other abbreviations are rarer and are only in past timestamps, 60# they are paired with better-attested non-DST abbreviations. 61# Corrections are welcome. 62 63# Algeria 64# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 65Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 66Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 67Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 68Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 69Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 70Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 71Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 72Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 73Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 74Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 75Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 76Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 77Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 78Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 79Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 80Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 81Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 82Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 83Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 84Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 85Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 86Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 87# See Europe/Paris for PMT-related transitions. 88# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 89Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 16 90 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 91 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 92 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 93 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 94 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 95 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 96 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 97 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 98 1:00 - CET 99 100# Angola 101# Benin 102# See Africa/Lagos. 103 104# Botswana 105# See Africa/Maputo. 106 107# Burkina Faso 108# See Africa/Abidjan. 109 110# Burundi 111# See Africa/Maputo. 112 113# Cameroon 114# See Africa/Lagos. 115 116# Cape Verde / Cabo Verde 117# 118# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16): 119# Shanks gives 1907 for the transition to +02. 120# For now, ignore that and follow the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree 121# (see Europe/Lisbon). 122# 123# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 124Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1912 Jan 01 2:00u # Praia 125 -2:00 - -02 1942 Sep 126 -2:00 1:00 -01 1945 Oct 15 127 -2:00 - -02 1975 Nov 25 2:00 128 -1:00 - -01 129 130# Central African Republic 131# See Africa/Lagos. 132 133# Chad 134# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 135Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 # N'Djamena 136 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 137 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 138 1:00 - WAT 139 140# Comoros 141# See Africa/Nairobi. 142 143# Democratic Republic of the Congo 144# See Africa/Lagos for the western part and Africa/Maputo for the eastern. 145 146# Republic of the Congo 147# See Africa/Lagos. 148 149# Côte d'Ivoire / Ivory Coast 150# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 151Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 152 0:00 - GMT 153Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Accra # Ghana 154Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Bamako # Mali 155Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Banjul # The Gambia 156Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Conakry # Guinea 157Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Dakar # Senegal 158Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Freetown # Sierra Leone 159Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Lome # Togo 160Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Nouakchott # Mauritania 161Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Ouagadougou # Burkina Faso 162Link Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/St_Helena # St Helena 163 164# Djibouti 165# See Africa/Nairobi. 166 167############################################################################### 168 169# Egypt 170 171# Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh 172# observatory; round to nearest. Milne also says that the official time for 173# Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this 174# did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said. 175 176# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 177Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 178Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 179Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 180Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 181Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 182Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 183Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 184Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 185Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 186Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 187Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 188Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 189Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 190Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 191Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 192Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 193Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 194Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 195Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 196# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 197# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 198 199# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): 200# "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight 201# saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of 202# Egyptians would approve the cancellation." 203# 204# Egypt to cancel daylight saving time 205# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 206# or 207# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html 208Rule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 209Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 210# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 211# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 212# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 213# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 214# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 215Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 216# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 217# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 218# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 219# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 220# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 221# https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 222# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 223# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 224Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 - 225# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 226# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 227# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 228# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 229# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 230# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 231# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 232# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 233# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 234 235# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 236# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 237# 238# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 239# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 240# Apr 23 241# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 242# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 243# Apr 24 244# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 245# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 246# Aug 27 247# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 248# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 249# Aug 27 250# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 251# 252# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 253# :59) 254# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 255# 256# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 257# 258# [1] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 259# [2] https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 260# [3] https://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 261 262# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 263# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 264# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 265# in September. 266 267# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): 268# We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet 269# Information and Decision Support Center: 270# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html 271# 272# The Middle East News Agency 273# https://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx 274# also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" 275# today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." 276# Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, 277# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine 278# (at least today). 279 280# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): 281# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has 282# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during 283# Ramadan. 284# 285# Arabic translation: 286# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan - and then forward again" 287# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again 288# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html 289 290# From Ahmad El-Dardiry (2014-05-07): 291# Egypt is to change back to Daylight system on May 15 292# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/100735/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-government-to-reapply-daylight-saving-time-.aspx 293 294# From Gunther Vermier (2014-05-13): 295# our Egypt office confirms that the change will be at 15 May "midnight" (24:00) 296 297# From Imed Chihi (2014-06-04): 298# We have finally "located" a precise official reference about the DST changes 299# in Egypt. The Ministers Cabinet decision is explained at 300# http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/Media/CabinetMeetingsDetails.aspx?id=347 ... 301# [T]his (Arabic) site is not accessible outside Egypt, but the page ... 302# translates into: "With regard to daylight saving time, it is scheduled to 303# take effect at exactly twelve o'clock this evening, Thursday, 15 MAY 2014, 304# to be suspended by twelve o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 26 JUN 2014, 305# and re-established again at the end of the month of Ramadan, at twelve 306# o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 31 JUL 2014." This statement has been 307# reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]... 308# http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258 309 310# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-04): 311# Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath of AP report that the Egyptian government says 312# the change is because of blackouts in Cairo, even though Ahram Online (cited 313# above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. There is 314# no information about when DST will end this fall. See: 315# http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833 316 317# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-04-08): 318# Egypt will start DST on midnight after Thursday, April 30, 2015. 319# This is based on a law (no 35) from May 15, 2014 saying it starts the last 320# Thursday of April.... Clocks will still be turned back for Ramadan, but 321# dates not yet announced.... 322# http://almogaz.com/news/weird-news/2015/04/05/1947105 ... 323# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-starts-dst-2015.html 324 325# From Ahmed Nazmy (2015-04-20): 326# Egypt's ministers cabinet just announced ... that it will cancel DST at 327# least for 2015. 328# 329# From Tim Parenti (2015-04-20): 330# http://english.ahram.org.eg/WriterArticles/NewsContentP/1/128195/Egypt/No-daylight-saving-this-summer-Egypts-prime-minist.aspx 331# "Egypt's cabinet agreed on Monday not to switch clocks for daylight saving 332# time this summer, and carry out studies on the possibility of canceling the 333# practice altogether in future years." 334# 335# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-24): 336# Yesterday the office of Egyptian President El-Sisi announced his 337# decision to abandon DST permanently. See Ahram Online 2015-04-24. 338# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/128509/Egypt/Politics-/Sisi-cancels-daylight-saving-time-in-Egypt.aspx 339 340# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-04-29): 341# Egypt will have DST from July 7 until the end of October.... 342# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentP/1/204655/Egypt/Daylight-savings-time-returning-to-Egypt-on--July.aspx 343# From Mina Samuel (2016-07-04): 344# Egyptian government took the decision to cancel the DST, 345 346Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 24:00 0 - 347Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 24:00 0 - 348Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 10 24:00 0 - 349Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 9 24:00 1:00 S 350Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 351Rule Egypt 2014 only - May 15 24:00 1:00 S 352Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jun 26 24:00 0 - 353Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jul 31 24:00 1:00 S 354Rule Egypt 2014 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 355 356# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 357Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct 358 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 359 360# Equatorial Guinea 361# See Africa/Lagos. 362 363# Eritrea 364# See Africa/Nairobi. 365 366# Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) 367# See Africa/Johannesburg. 368 369# Ethiopia 370# See Africa/Nairobi. 371# 372# Unfortunately tzdb records only Western clock time in use in Ethiopia, 373# as the tzdb format is not up to properly recording a common Ethiopian 374# timekeeping practice that is based on solar time. See: 375# Mortada D. If you have a meeting in Ethiopia, you'd better double 376# check the time. PRI's The World. 2015-01-30 15:15 -05. 377# https://www.pri.org/stories/2015-01-30/if-you-have-meeting-ethiopia-you-better-double-check-time 378 379# Gabon 380# See Africa/Lagos. 381 382# The Gambia 383# Ghana 384# Guinea 385# See Africa/Abidjan. 386 387# Guinea-Bissau 388# 389# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16): 390# Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT, 391# evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree 392# (see Europe/Lisbon) with the date that it took effect. 393# 394# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 395Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u 396 -1:00 - -01 1975 397 0:00 - GMT 398 399# Kenya 400 401# From P Chan (2020-10-24): 402# 403# The standard time of GMT+2:30 was adopted in the East Africa Protectorate.... 404# [The Official Gazette, 1908-05-01, p 274] 405# https://books.google.com/books?id=e-cAC-sjPSEC&pg=PA274 406# 407# At midnight on 30 June 1928 the clocks throughout Kenya was put forward 408# half an hour by the Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1928. 409# https://gazettes.africa/archive/ke/1928/ke-government-gazette-dated-1928-05-11-no-28.pdf 410# [Ordinance No. 11 of 1928, The Offical Gazette, 1928-06-26, p 813] 411# https://books.google.com/books?id=2S0S6os32ZUC&pg=PA813 412# 413# The 1928 ordinance was repealed by the Alteration of Time (repeal) Ordinance, 414# 1929 and the time was restored to GMT+2:30 at midnight on 4 January 1930. 415# [Ordinance No. 97 of 1929, The Official Gazette, 1929-12-31, p 2701] 416# https://books.google.com/books?id=_g18jIZQlwwC&pg=PA2701 417# 418# The Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1936 changed the time to GMT+2:45 419# and repealed the previous ordinance at midnight on 31 December 1936. 420# [The Official Gazette, 1936-07-21, p 705] 421# https://books.google.com/books?id=K7j41z0aC5wC&pg=PA705 422# 423# The Defence (Amendment of Laws No. 120) Regulations changed the time 424# to GMT+3 at midnight on 31 July 1942. 425# [Kenya Official Gazette Supplement No. 32, 1942-07-21, p 331] 426# https://books.google.com/books?hl=zh-TW&id=c_E-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA331 427# The provision of the 1936 ordinance was not repealed and was later 428# incorporated in the Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance in 1948. 429# Although it was overridden by the 1942 regulations. 430# [The Laws of Kenya in force on 1948-09-21, Title I, Chapter 1, 31] 431# https://dds.crl.edu/item/217517 (p.101) 432# In 1950 the Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance was amended to adopt 433# GMT+3 permanently as the 1942 regulations were due to expire on 10 December. 434# https://books.google.com/books?id=jvR8mUDAwR0C&pg=PA787 435# [Ordinance No. 44 of 1950, Kenya Ordinances 1950, Vol. XXIX, p 294] 436# https://books.google.com/books?id=-_dQAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA294 437 438# From Paul Eggert (2020-10-24): 439# The 1908-05-01 announcement does not give an effective date, 440# so just say "1908 May". 441 442# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 443Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1908 May 444 2:30 - +0230 1928 Jun 30 24:00 445 3:00 - EAT 1930 Jan 4 24:00 446 2:30 - +0230 1936 Dec 31 24:00 447 2:45 - +0245 1942 Jul 31 24:00 448 3:00 - EAT 449Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Addis_Ababa # Ethiopia 450Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Asmara # Eritrea 451Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Dar_es_Salaam # Tanzania 452Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Djibouti 453Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Kampala # Uganda 454Link Africa/Nairobi Africa/Mogadishu # Somalia 455Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Antananarivo # Madagascar 456Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Comoro 457Link Africa/Nairobi Indian/Mayotte 458 459# Lesotho 460# See Africa/Johannesburg. 461 462# Liberia 463# 464# From Paul Eggert (2017-03-02): 465# 466# The Nautical Almanac for the Year 1970, p 264, is the source for -0:44:30. 467# 468# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch from a UT offset 469# that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. The 1972 change was on 470# 1972-01-07, according to an entry dated 1972-01-04 on p 330 of: 471# Presidential Papers: First year of the administration of 472# President William R. Tolbert, Jr., July 23, 1971-July 31, 1972. 473# Monrovia: Executive Mansion. 474# 475# Use the abbreviation "MMT" before 1972, as the more-accurate numeric 476# abbreviation "-004430" would be one byte over the POSIX limit. 477# 478# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 479Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 480 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 481 -0:44:30 - MMT 1972 Jan 7 # approximately MMT 482 0:00 - GMT 483 484############################################################################### 485 486# Libya 487 488# From Even Scharning (2012-11-10): 489# Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10. 490# https://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/ 491# Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc 492# 493# Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in 494# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html 495# 496# From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11): 497# Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1. 498# The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe 499# (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on 500# lastFri instead of lastSun). 501 502# From Even Scharning (2013-10-25): 503# The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was 504# cancelled yesterday.... 505# https://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/ 506# 507# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25): 508# For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UT +02. 509 510# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 511Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 512Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 513Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 514Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 515Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 516Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 517Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 518Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 519Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 520Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 521Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 522Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 523Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 524Rule Libya 1997 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 525Rule Libya 1997 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 526Rule Libya 2013 only - Mar lastFri 1:00 1:00 S 527Rule Libya 2013 only - Oct lastFri 2:00 0 - 528# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 529Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 530 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 531 2:00 - EET 1982 532 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 533# The 1996 and 1997 entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 534# the IATA SSIM data entries contain some obvious errors. 535 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 536 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1997 Oct 4 537 2:00 - EET 2012 Nov 10 2:00 538 1:00 Libya CE%sT 2013 Oct 25 2:00 539 2:00 - EET 540 541# Madagascar 542# See Africa/Nairobi. 543 544# Malawi 545# See Africa/Maputo. 546 547# Mali 548# Mauritania 549# See Africa/Abidjan. 550 551# Mauritius 552 553# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 554# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 555# basis.... 556# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 557# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 558# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 559 560# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 561# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 562 563# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 564# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 565# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 566# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 567 568# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 569# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 570 571# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 572# According to 573# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 574# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 575# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 576# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 577# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 578# 579# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 580# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 581# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 582# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 583# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 584# changes two days later. 585 586# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 587# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 588# time: Energy conservation?"- No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 589# published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 590# 591# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 592# de l'heure d'été" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 593# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.... 594# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 595 596# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 597# The Government of Mauritius weblink 598# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 599# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 600# 601# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 602# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 603# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 604# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 605# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 606# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 607# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 608# year 2008-2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 609# and end on 29 March 2009. 610 611# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 612# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 613# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 614# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 615# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 616 617# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): 618# According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe 619# DST the coming summer... 620# 621# Some sources, in French: 622# http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB 623# http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- 624# 625# Our wrap-up: 626# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html 627 628# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 629# The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: 630# "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour 631# at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." 632 633# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 634Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 - 635Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 636Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 637Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 638# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 639Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 640 4:00 Mauritius +04/+05 641# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 642# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 643 644# Mayotte 645# See Africa/Nairobi. 646 647# Morocco 648# See Africa/Ceuta for Spanish Morocco. 649 650# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 651# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 652# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 653# 654# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 655# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 656# Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 657# 658# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 659# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 660 661# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 662# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe 663# Presse: 664# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 665# 666# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 667# spokesman. 668 669# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 670# According to this article: 671# https://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 672# (and republished here: <http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html>) 673# the changes occur at midnight: 674# 675# Saturday night May 31st at midnight (which in French is to be 676# interpreted as the night between Saturday and Sunday) 677# Sunday night the 28th at midnight 678# 679# Seeing that the 28th is Monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 680# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between Sunday and 681# Monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 682# June 1st to Sept 27th. 683# 684# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 685# published on the web. 686# 687# It's also confirmed here: 688# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 689# on a government portal as being between June 1st and Sept 27th (not yet 690# posted in English). 691# 692# The following Google query will generate many relevant hits: 693# https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 694 695# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 696# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 697# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 698# of September: 699# 700# One article about it (in French): 701# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 702# 703# We have some further details posted here: 704# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 705 706# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 707# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 708# to many sources, such as 709# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 710# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 711# (French) 712# 713# Our summary: 714# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 715 716# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 717# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 718# Ministère de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 719# 720# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 June 1967) 721# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 722# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 723# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 724# 725# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 726# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 727 728# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): 729# Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization 730# of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from 731# 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. 732# 733# Example: 734# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html 735# (French) 736# Our page: 737# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html 738 739# From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): 740# ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) 741# The 3rd April 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd April 01:00:00 742# The 31st July 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31st July 00:00:00 743# ...Official links of change in morocco 744# The change was broadcast on the FM Radio 745# I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at 746# +212.537.71.84.00 747# http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ 748# They said that 749# http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view 750# is the official publication to look at. 751# They said that the decision was already taken. 752# 753# More articles in the press 754# https://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-leve.html 755# http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 756# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim 757 758# From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): 759# They have it written in English here: 760# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view 761# 762# It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, 763# 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of 764# wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has 765# also been like that in the past. 766 767# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09): 768# According to Infomédiaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma), 769# on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure légale: 770# Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'été 771# http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9 772# Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on 773# the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on 774# last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012) 775# except the month of Ramadan. 776# or (brief) 777# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html 778 779# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10): 780# The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in 781# effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day; 782# it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX. 783# Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about 784# start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX. 785 786# From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16): 787# Seen Morocco change again: 788# http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php 789# "...à partir du dernier dimanche d'avril et non fins mars, 790# comme annoncé précédemment." 791 792# From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17): 793# The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government: 794# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French] 795# 796# Google translation, lightly edited: 797# Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT) 798# Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18, 799# 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the 800# Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry 801# of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return 802# of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until 803# Monday, August 20, 2012. So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from 804# 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes 805# August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am. 806 807# From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06): 808# Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be 809# announced a bit in advance. On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government 810# announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be 811# 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see 812# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 813 814# From Andrew Paprocki (2013-07-02): 815# Morocco announced that the year's Ramadan daylight-savings 816# transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see: 817# http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10 818 819# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28): 820# Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day 821# before it was going to end. There is a new decree (2.13.781) for 822# this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00 823# to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules. Official 824# source (French): 825# http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013 826# Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree): 827# http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html 828 829# From Sebastien Willemijns (2014-03-18): 830# http://www.afriquinfos.com/articles/2014/3/18/maroc-heure-dete-avancez-tous-horloges-247891.asp 831 832# From Milamber Space Network (2014-06-05): 833# The Moroccan government has recently announced that the country will return 834# to standard time at 03:00 on Saturday, June 28, 2014 local time.... DST 835# will resume again at 02:00 on Saturday, August 2, 2014.... 836# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=586 837 838# From Milamber (2015-06-08): 839# (Google Translation) The hour will thus be delayed 60 minutes 840# Sunday, June 14 at 3:00, the ministry said in a statement, adding 841# that the time will be advanced again 60 minutes Sunday, July 19, 842# 2015 at 2:00. The move comes under 2.12.126 Decree of 26 Jumada I 843# 1433 (18 April 2012) and the decision of the Head of Government of 844# 16 N. 3-29-15 Chaaban 1435 (4 June 2015). 845# Source (french): 846# https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/ 847# 848# From Milamber (2015-06-09): 849# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=863 850# 851# From Michael Deckers (2015-06-09): 852# [The gov.ma announcement] would (probably) make the switch on 2015-07-19 go 853# from 03:00 to 04:00 rather than from 02:00 to 03:00, as in the patch.... 854# I think the patch is correct and the quoted text is wrong; the text in 855# <https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/> agrees 856# with the patch. 857 858# From Mohamed Essedik Najd (2018-10-26): 859# Today, a Moroccan government council approved the perpetual addition 860# of 60 minutes to the regular Moroccan timezone. 861# From Matt Johnson (2018-10-28): 862# http://www.sgg.gov.ma/Portals/1/BO/2018/BO_6720-bis_Ar.pdf 863# 864# From Maamar Abdelkader (2018-11-01): 865# We usually move clocks back the previous week end and come back to the +1 866# the week end after.... The government does not announce yet the decision 867# about this temporary change. But it s 99% sure that it will be the case, 868# as in previous years. An unofficial survey was done these days, showing 869# that 64% of asked people are ok for moving from +1 to +0 during Ramadan. 870# https://leconomiste.com/article/1035870-enquete-l-economiste-sunergia-64-des-marocains-plebiscitent-le-gmt-pendant-ramadan 871 872# From Naoufal Semlali (2019-04-16): 873# Morocco will be on GMT starting from Sunday, May 5th 2019 at 3am. 874# The switch to GMT+1 will occur on Sunday, June 9th 2019 at 2am.... 875# http://fr.le360.ma/societe/voici-la-date-du-retour-a-lheure-legale-au-maroc-188222 876 877# From Semlali Naoufal (2020-04-14): 878# Following the announcement by the Moroccan government, the switch to 879# GMT time will take place on Sunday, April 19, 2020 from 3 a.m. and 880# the return to GMT+1 time will take place on Sunday, May 31, 2020 at 2 a.m.... 881# https://maroc-diplomatique.net/maroc-le-retour-a-lheure-gmt-est-prevu-dimanche-prochain/ 882# http://aujourdhui.ma/actualite/gmt1-retour-a-lheure-normale-dimanche-prochain-1 883# 884# From Milamber (2020-05-31) 885# In Morocco (where I live), the end of Ramadan (Arabic month) is followed by 886# the Eid al-Fitr, and concretely it's 1 or 2 day offs for the people (with 887# traditional visiting of family, big lunches/dinners, etc.). So for this 888# year the astronomical calculations don't include the following 2 days off in 889# the calc. These 2 days fall in a Sunday/Monday, so it's not acceptable by 890# people to have a time shift during these 2 days off. Perhaps you can modify 891# the (predicted) rules for next years: if the end of Ramadan is a (probable) 892# Friday or Saturday (and so the 2 days off are on a weekend), the next time 893# shift will be the next weekend. 894# 895# From Paul Eggert (2020-05-31): 896# For now, guess that in the future Morocco will fall back at 03:00 897# the last Sunday before Ramadan, and spring forward at 02:00 the 898# first Sunday after two days after Ramadan. To implement this, 899# transition dates and times for 2019 through 2087 were determined by 900# running the following program under GNU Emacs 26.3. (This algorithm 901# also produces the correct transition dates for 2016 through 2018, 902# though the times differ due to Morocco's time zone change in 2018.) 903# (let ((islamic-year 1440)) 904# (require 'cal-islam) 905# (while (< islamic-year 1511) 906# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) 907# (b (+ 2 (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))) 908# (sunday 0)) 909# (while (/= sunday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7))) 910# (while (/= sunday (mod b 7)) 911# (setq b (1+ b))) 912# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) 913# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) 914# (insert 915# (format 916# (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t-1:00\t-\n" 917# "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t0\t-\n") 918# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) 919# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) 920# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) 921 922# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 923Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 - 924Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 925Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 - 926Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 927Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 - 928Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 929Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 - 930Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 931Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 - 932Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 933Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 - 934Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 935Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 936Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 937Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 938Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 939Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 940Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 941Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 942Rule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 - 943Rule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - 944Rule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 - 945Rule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0:00 0 - 946Rule Morocco 2012 2013 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 947Rule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 - 948Rule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 - 949Rule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 950Rule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 - 951Rule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 - 952Rule Morocco 2013 2018 - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - 953Rule Morocco 2014 2018 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 954Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 28 3:00 0 - 955Rule Morocco 2014 only - Aug 2 2:00 1:00 - 956Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 14 3:00 0 - 957Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 19 2:00 1:00 - 958Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 5 3:00 0 - 959Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 10 2:00 1:00 - 960Rule Morocco 2017 only - May 21 3:00 0 - 961Rule Morocco 2017 only - Jul 2 2:00 1:00 - 962Rule Morocco 2018 only - May 13 3:00 0 - 963Rule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 17 2:00 1:00 - 964Rule Morocco 2019 only - May 5 3:00 -1:00 - 965Rule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 9 2:00 0 - 966Rule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 19 3:00 -1:00 - 967Rule Morocco 2020 only - May 31 2:00 0 - 968Rule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 11 3:00 -1:00 - 969Rule Morocco 2021 only - May 16 2:00 0 - 970Rule Morocco 2022 only - Mar 27 3:00 -1:00 - 971Rule Morocco 2022 only - May 8 2:00 0 - 972Rule Morocco 2023 only - Mar 19 3:00 -1:00 - 973Rule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 30 2:00 0 - 974Rule Morocco 2024 only - Mar 10 3:00 -1:00 - 975Rule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 14 2:00 0 - 976Rule Morocco 2025 only - Feb 23 3:00 -1:00 - 977Rule Morocco 2025 only - Apr 6 2:00 0 - 978Rule Morocco 2026 only - Feb 15 3:00 -1:00 - 979Rule Morocco 2026 only - Mar 22 2:00 0 - 980Rule Morocco 2027 only - Feb 7 3:00 -1:00 - 981Rule Morocco 2027 only - Mar 14 2:00 0 - 982Rule Morocco 2028 only - Jan 23 3:00 -1:00 - 983Rule Morocco 2028 only - Mar 5 2:00 0 - 984Rule Morocco 2029 only - Jan 14 3:00 -1:00 - 985Rule Morocco 2029 only - Feb 18 2:00 0 - 986Rule Morocco 2029 only - Dec 30 3:00 -1:00 - 987Rule Morocco 2030 only - Feb 10 2:00 0 - 988Rule Morocco 2030 only - Dec 22 3:00 -1:00 - 989Rule Morocco 2031 only - Feb 2 2:00 0 - 990Rule Morocco 2031 only - Dec 14 3:00 -1:00 - 991Rule Morocco 2032 only - Jan 18 2:00 0 - 992Rule Morocco 2032 only - Nov 28 3:00 -1:00 - 993Rule Morocco 2033 only - Jan 9 2:00 0 - 994Rule Morocco 2033 only - Nov 20 3:00 -1:00 - 995Rule Morocco 2033 only - Dec 25 2:00 0 - 996Rule Morocco 2034 only - Nov 5 3:00 -1:00 - 997Rule Morocco 2034 only - Dec 17 2:00 0 - 998Rule Morocco 2035 only - Oct 28 3:00 -1:00 - 999Rule Morocco 2035 only - Dec 9 2:00 0 - 1000Rule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 19 3:00 -1:00 - 1001Rule Morocco 2036 only - Nov 23 2:00 0 - 1002Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 4 3:00 -1:00 - 1003Rule Morocco 2037 only - Nov 15 2:00 0 - 1004Rule Morocco 2038 only - Sep 26 3:00 -1:00 - 1005Rule Morocco 2038 only - Nov 7 2:00 0 - 1006Rule Morocco 2039 only - Sep 18 3:00 -1:00 - 1007Rule Morocco 2039 only - Oct 23 2:00 0 - 1008Rule Morocco 2040 only - Sep 2 3:00 -1:00 - 1009Rule Morocco 2040 only - Oct 14 2:00 0 - 1010Rule Morocco 2041 only - Aug 25 3:00 -1:00 - 1011Rule Morocco 2041 only - Sep 29 2:00 0 - 1012Rule Morocco 2042 only - Aug 10 3:00 -1:00 - 1013Rule Morocco 2042 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 - 1014Rule Morocco 2043 only - Aug 2 3:00 -1:00 - 1015Rule Morocco 2043 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 - 1016Rule Morocco 2044 only - Jul 24 3:00 -1:00 - 1017Rule Morocco 2044 only - Aug 28 2:00 0 - 1018Rule Morocco 2045 only - Jul 9 3:00 -1:00 - 1019Rule Morocco 2045 only - Aug 20 2:00 0 - 1020Rule Morocco 2046 only - Jul 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1021Rule Morocco 2046 only - Aug 12 2:00 0 - 1022Rule Morocco 2047 only - Jun 23 3:00 -1:00 - 1023Rule Morocco 2047 only - Jul 28 2:00 0 - 1024Rule Morocco 2048 only - Jun 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1025Rule Morocco 2048 only - Jul 19 2:00 0 - 1026Rule Morocco 2049 only - May 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1027Rule Morocco 2049 only - Jul 4 2:00 0 - 1028Rule Morocco 2050 only - May 15 3:00 -1:00 - 1029Rule Morocco 2050 only - Jun 26 2:00 0 - 1030Rule Morocco 2051 only - May 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1031Rule Morocco 2051 only - Jun 18 2:00 0 - 1032Rule Morocco 2052 only - Apr 28 3:00 -1:00 - 1033Rule Morocco 2052 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 - 1034Rule Morocco 2053 only - Apr 13 3:00 -1:00 - 1035Rule Morocco 2053 only - May 25 2:00 0 - 1036Rule Morocco 2054 only - Apr 5 3:00 -1:00 - 1037Rule Morocco 2054 only - May 17 2:00 0 - 1038Rule Morocco 2055 only - Mar 28 3:00 -1:00 - 1039Rule Morocco 2055 only - May 2 2:00 0 - 1040Rule Morocco 2056 only - Mar 12 3:00 -1:00 - 1041Rule Morocco 2056 only - Apr 23 2:00 0 - 1042Rule Morocco 2057 only - Mar 4 3:00 -1:00 - 1043Rule Morocco 2057 only - Apr 8 2:00 0 - 1044Rule Morocco 2058 only - Feb 17 3:00 -1:00 - 1045Rule Morocco 2058 only - Mar 31 2:00 0 - 1046Rule Morocco 2059 only - Feb 9 3:00 -1:00 - 1047Rule Morocco 2059 only - Mar 23 2:00 0 - 1048Rule Morocco 2060 only - Feb 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1049Rule Morocco 2060 only - Mar 7 2:00 0 - 1050Rule Morocco 2061 only - Jan 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1051Rule Morocco 2061 only - Feb 27 2:00 0 - 1052Rule Morocco 2062 only - Jan 8 3:00 -1:00 - 1053Rule Morocco 2062 only - Feb 19 2:00 0 - 1054Rule Morocco 2062 only - Dec 31 3:00 -1:00 - 1055Rule Morocco 2063 only - Feb 4 2:00 0 - 1056Rule Morocco 2063 only - Dec 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1057Rule Morocco 2064 only - Jan 27 2:00 0 - 1058Rule Morocco 2064 only - Dec 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1059Rule Morocco 2065 only - Jan 11 2:00 0 - 1060Rule Morocco 2065 only - Nov 22 3:00 -1:00 - 1061Rule Morocco 2066 only - Jan 3 2:00 0 - 1062Rule Morocco 2066 only - Nov 14 3:00 -1:00 - 1063Rule Morocco 2066 only - Dec 26 2:00 0 - 1064Rule Morocco 2067 only - Nov 6 3:00 -1:00 - 1065Rule Morocco 2067 only - Dec 11 2:00 0 - 1066Rule Morocco 2068 only - Oct 21 3:00 -1:00 - 1067Rule Morocco 2068 only - Dec 2 2:00 0 - 1068Rule Morocco 2069 only - Oct 13 3:00 -1:00 - 1069Rule Morocco 2069 only - Nov 24 2:00 0 - 1070Rule Morocco 2070 only - Oct 5 3:00 -1:00 - 1071Rule Morocco 2070 only - Nov 9 2:00 0 - 1072Rule Morocco 2071 only - Sep 20 3:00 -1:00 - 1073Rule Morocco 2071 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 - 1074Rule Morocco 2072 only - Sep 11 3:00 -1:00 - 1075Rule Morocco 2072 only - Oct 16 2:00 0 - 1076Rule Morocco 2073 only - Aug 27 3:00 -1:00 - 1077Rule Morocco 2073 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 1078Rule Morocco 2074 only - Aug 19 3:00 -1:00 - 1079Rule Morocco 2074 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1080Rule Morocco 2075 only - Aug 11 3:00 -1:00 - 1081Rule Morocco 2075 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 - 1082Rule Morocco 2076 only - Jul 26 3:00 -1:00 - 1083Rule Morocco 2076 only - Sep 6 2:00 0 - 1084Rule Morocco 2077 only - Jul 18 3:00 -1:00 - 1085Rule Morocco 2077 only - Aug 29 2:00 0 - 1086Rule Morocco 2078 only - Jul 10 3:00 -1:00 - 1087Rule Morocco 2078 only - Aug 14 2:00 0 - 1088Rule Morocco 2079 only - Jun 25 3:00 -1:00 - 1089Rule Morocco 2079 only - Aug 6 2:00 0 - 1090Rule Morocco 2080 only - Jun 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1091Rule Morocco 2080 only - Jul 21 2:00 0 - 1092Rule Morocco 2081 only - Jun 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1093Rule Morocco 2081 only - Jul 13 2:00 0 - 1094Rule Morocco 2082 only - May 24 3:00 -1:00 - 1095Rule Morocco 2082 only - Jul 5 2:00 0 - 1096Rule Morocco 2083 only - May 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1097Rule Morocco 2083 only - Jun 20 2:00 0 - 1098Rule Morocco 2084 only - Apr 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1099Rule Morocco 2084 only - Jun 11 2:00 0 - 1100Rule Morocco 2085 only - Apr 22 3:00 -1:00 - 1101Rule Morocco 2085 only - Jun 3 2:00 0 - 1102Rule Morocco 2086 only - Apr 14 3:00 -1:00 - 1103Rule Morocco 2086 only - May 19 2:00 0 - 1104Rule Morocco 2087 only - Mar 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1105Rule Morocco 2087 only - May 11 2:00 0 - 1106# For dates after the somewhat-arbitrary cutoff of 2087, assume that 1107# Morocco will no longer observe DST. At some point this table will 1108# need to be extended, though quite possibly Morocco will change the 1109# rules first. 1110 1111# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1112Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 1113 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 1984 Mar 16 1114 1:00 - +01 1986 1115 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 2018 Oct 28 3:00 1116 1:00 Morocco +01/+00 1117 1118# Western Sahara 1119# 1120# From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22): 1121# A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters 1122# ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as 1123# Morocco does. 1124# 1125# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23): 1126# Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT, 1127# since most of it was then controlled by Morocco. 1128 1129Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan # El Aaiún 1130 -1:00 - -01 1976 Apr 14 1131 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 2018 Oct 28 3:00 1132 1:00 Morocco +01/+00 1133 1134# Mozambique 1135# 1136# Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT. 1137# Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree 1138# https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf 1139# merely made it official? 1140# 1141# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1142Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 1143 2:00 - CAT 1144Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Blantyre # Malawi 1145Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Bujumbura # Burundi 1146Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Gaborone # Botswana 1147Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Harare # Zimbabwe 1148Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Kigali # Rwanda 1149Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Lubumbashi # E Dem. Rep. of Congo 1150Link Africa/Maputo Africa/Lusaka # Zambia 1151 1152 1153# Namibia 1154 1155# From Arthur David Olson (2017-08-09): 1156# The text of the "Namibia Time Act, 1994" is available online at 1157# www.lac.org.na/laws/1994/811.pdf 1158# and includes this nugget: 1159# Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (2) of section 1, the 1160# first winter period after the commencement of this Act shall 1161# commence at OOhOO on Monday 21 March 1994 and shall end at 02h00 on 1162# Sunday 4 September 1994. 1163 1164# From Michael Deckers (2017-04-06): 1165# ... both summer and winter time are called "standard" 1166# (which differs from the use in Ireland) ... 1167 1168# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30): 1169# http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html 1170# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 1171# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 1172# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 1173# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 1174# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 1175# of the country. 1176# 1177# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22): 1178# Although the Zambezi Region (formerly known as Caprivi) informally 1179# observes Botswana time, we have no details about historical practice. 1180# In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 1181# See: Immanuel S. The Namibian. 2017-02-23. 1182# https://www.namibian.com.na/51480/read/Time-change-divides-lawmakers 1183 1184# From Steffen Thorsen (2017-08-09): 1185# Namibia is going to change their time zone to what is now their DST: 1186# https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/ 1187# This video is from the government decision: 1188# https://www.nbc.na/news/na-passes-namibia-time-bill-repealing-1994-namibia-time-act.8665 1189# We have made the assumption so far that they will change their time zone at 1190# the same time they would normally start DST, the first Sunday in September: 1191# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/namibia-new-time-zone.html 1192 1193# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-09): 1194# Before the change, summer and winter time were both standard time legally. 1195# However in common parlance, winter time was considered to be DST. See, e.g.: 1196# http://www.nbc.na/news/namibias-winter-time-could-be-scrapped.2706 1197# https://zone.my.na/news/times-are-changing-in-namibia 1198# https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/ 1199# Use plain "WAT" and "CAT" for the time zone abbreviations, to be compatible 1200# with Namibia's neighbors. 1201 1202# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1203# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1204Rule Namibia 1994 only - Mar 21 0:00 -1:00 WAT 1205Rule Namibia 1994 2017 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 0 CAT 1206Rule Namibia 1995 2017 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 -1:00 WAT 1207# Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. 1208#Rule Namibia 1994 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 WAT 1209#Rule Namibia 1994 2017 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 CAT 1210#Rule Namibia 1995 2017 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 WAT 1211# End of rearguard section. 1212 1213# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1214Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1215 1:30 - +0130 1903 Mar 1216 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 1217 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 1218 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 1219# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1220 2:00 Namibia %s 1221# Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. 1222# 2:00 - CAT 1994 Mar 21 0:00 1223# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-07): 1224# The official date of the 2017 rule change was 2017-10-24. See: 1225# http://www.lac.org.na/laws/annoSTAT/Namibian%20Time%20Act%209%20of%202017.pdf 1226# 1:00 Namibia %s 2017 Oct 24 1227# 2:00 - CAT 1228# End of rearguard section. 1229 1230# Niger 1231# See Africa/Lagos. 1232 1233# Nigeria 1234 1235# From P Chan (2020-12-03): 1236# GMT was adopted as the standard time of Lagos on 1905-07-01. 1237# Lagos Weekly Record, 1905-06-24, p 3 1238# http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31558#?c=0&m=668&s=0&cv=2&r=0&xywh=1446%2C5221%2C1931%2C1235 1239# says "It is officially notified that on and after the 1st of July 1905 1240# Greenwich Mean Solar Time will be adopted thought the Colony and 1241# Protectorate, and that it will be necessary to put all clocks 13 minutes and 1242# 35 seconds back, recording local mean time." 1243# 1244# It seemed that Lagos returned to LMT on 1908-07-01. 1245# [The Lagos Standard], 1908-07-01, p 5 1246# http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31556#?c=0&m=78&s=0&cv=4&r=0&xywh=-92%2C3590%2C3944%2C2523 1247# says "Scarcely have the people become accustomed to this new time, when 1248# another official notice has now appeared announcing that from and after the 1249# 1st July next, return will be made to local mean time." 1250# 1251# From P Chan (2020-11-27): 1252# On 1914-01-01, standard time of GMT+0:30 was adopted for the unified Nigeria. 1253# Colonial Reports - Annual. No. 878. Nigeria. Report for 1914. (April 1916), 1254# p 27 1255# https://libsysdigi.library.illinois.edu/ilharvest/Africana/Books2011-05/3064634/3064634_1914/3064634_1914_opt.pdf#page=27 1256# "On January 1st [1914], a universal standard time for Nigeria was adopted, 1257# viz., half an hour fast on Greenwich mean time, corresponding to the meridian 1258# 7 [degrees] 30' E. long." 1259# Lloyd's Register of Shipping (1915) says "Hitherto the time observed in Lagos 1260# was the local mean time. On 1st January, 1914, standard time for the whole of 1261# Nigeria was introduced ... Lagos time has been advanced about 16 minutes 1262# accordingly." 1263# 1264# In 1919, standard time was changed to GMT+1. 1265# Interpretation Ordinance (Cap 2) 1266# The Laws of Nigeria, Containing the Ordinances of Nigeria, in Force on the 1267# 1st Day of January, 1923, Vol.I [p 16] 1268# https://books.google.com/books?id=BOMrAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA16 1269# "The expression 'Standard time' means standard time as used in Nigeria: 1270# namely, 60 minutes in advance of Greenwich mean time. (As amended by 18 of 1271# 1919, s. 2.)" 1272# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-10): 1273# The Lagos Weekly Record, 1919-09-20, p 3 details discussion on the first 1274# reading of this Bill by the Legislative Council of the Colony of Nigeria on 1275# Thursday 1919-08-28: 1276# http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31558?terms&item_id=303484#?m=1118&c=1&s=0&cv=2&r=0&xywh=1261%2C3408%2C2994%2C1915 1277# "The proposal is that the Globe should be divided into twelve zones East and 1278# West of Greenwich, of one hour each, Nigeria falling into the zone with a 1279# standard of one hour fast on Greenwich Mean Time. Nigeria standard time is 1280# now 30 minutes in advance of Greenwich Mean Time ... according to the new 1281# proposal, standard time will be advanced another 30 minutes". It was further 1282# proposed that the firing of the time guns likewise be adjusted by 30 minutes 1283# to compensate. 1284# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-10), per P Chan (2020-12-11): 1285# The text of Ordinance 18 of 1919, published in Nigeria Gazette, Vol 6, No 52, 1286# shows that the change was assented to the following day and took effect "on 1287# the 1st day of September, 1919." 1288# Nigeria Gazette and Supplements 1919 Jan-Dec, Reference: 73266B-40, 1289# img 245-246 1290# https://microform.digital/boa/collections/77/volumes/539/nigeria-lagos-1887-1919 1291 1292# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1293Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:35 - LMT 1905 Jul 1 1294 0:00 - GMT 1908 Jul 1 1295 0:13:35 - LMT 1914 Jan 1 1296 0:30 - +0030 1919 Sep 1 1297 1:00 - WAT 1298Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Bangui # Central African Republic 1299Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Brazzaville # Rep. of the Congo 1300Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Douala # Cameroon 1301Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Kinshasa # Dem. Rep. of the Congo (west) 1302Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Libreville # Gabon 1303Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Luanda # Angola 1304Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Malabo # Equatorial Guinea 1305Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Niamey # Niger 1306Link Africa/Lagos Africa/Porto-Novo # Benin 1307 1308# Réunion 1309# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1310Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 1311 4:00 - +04 1312# 1313# Scattered Islands (Îles Éparses) administered from Réunion are as follows. 1314# The following information about them is taken from 1315# Îles Éparses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22, 1316# in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 1317# We have no info about their time zone histories. 1318# 1319# Bassas da India - uninhabited 1320# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 1321# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 1322# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 1323# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 1324 1325# Rwanda 1326# See Africa/Maputo. 1327 1328# St Helena 1329# See Africa/Abidjan. 1330# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 1331# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 1332# Ascension: on GMT, say the USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA 1333# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 1334# on GMT, says the CIA 1335# Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited 1336 1337# São Tomé and Príncipe 1338 1339# See Europe/Lisbon for info about the 1912 transition. 1340 1341# From Steffen Thorsen (2018-01-08): 1342# Multiple sources tell that São Tomé changed from UTC to UTC+1 as 1343# they entered the year 2018. 1344# From Michael Deckers (2018-01-08): 1345# the switch is from 01:00 to 02:00 ... [Decree No. 25/2017] 1346# http://www.mnec.gov.st/index.php/publicacoes/documentos/file/90-decreto-lei-n-25-2017 1347 1348# From Vadim Nasardinov (2018-12-29): 1349# São Tomé and Príncipe is about to do the following on Jan 1, 2019: 1350# https://www.stp-press.st/2018/12/05/governo-jesus-ja-decidiu-repor-hora-legal-sao-tomense/ 1351# 1352# From Michael Deckers (2018-12-30): 1353# https://www.legis-palop.org/download.jsp?idFile=102818 1354# ... [The legal time of the country, which coincides with universal 1355# coordinated time, will be restituted at 2 o'clock on day 1 of January, 2019.] 1356 1357Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 1358 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 00:00u # Lisbon MT 1359 0:00 - GMT 2018 Jan 1 01:00 1360 1:00 - WAT 2019 Jan 1 02:00 1361 0:00 - GMT 1362 1363# Senegal 1364# See Africa/Abidjan. 1365 1366# Seychelles 1367 1368# From P Chan (2020-11-27): 1369# Standard Time was adopted on 1907-01-01. 1370# 1371# Standard Time Ordinance (Chapter 237) 1372# The Laws of Seychelles in Force on the 31st December, 1971, Vol. 6, p 571 1373# https://books.google.com/books?id=efE-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA571 1374# 1375# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-05): 1376# A footnote on https://books.google.com/books?id=DYdDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1689 1377# confirms that Ordinance No. 9 of 1906 "was brought into force on the 1st 1378# January, 1907." 1379 1380# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1381Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1907 Jan 1 # Victoria 1382 4:00 - +04 1383# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 1384# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 1385# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 1386# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 1387# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 1388# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 1389 1390# Sierra Leone 1391# See Africa/Abidjan. 1392 1393# Somalia 1394# See Africa/Nairobi. 1395 1396# South Africa 1397# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1398Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 1399Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 1400# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1401Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1402 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 1403 2:00 SA SAST 1404Link Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Maseru # Lesotho 1405Link Africa/Johannesburg Africa/Mbabane # Eswatini 1406# 1407# Marion and Prince Edward Is 1408# scientific station since 1947 1409# no information 1410 1411# Sudan 1412 1413# From <http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html> 1414# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13), 1415# also reported by Michaël De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 1416# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 1417# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 1418# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 1419 1420# From Ahmed Atyya, National Telecommunications Corp. (NTC), Sudan (2017-10-17): 1421# ... the Republic of Sudan is going to change the time zone from (GMT+3:00) 1422# to (GMT+ 2:00) starting from Wednesday 1 November 2017. 1423# 1424# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18): 1425# A scanned copy (in Arabic) of Cabinet Resolution No. 352 for the 1426# year 2017 can be found as an attachment in email today from Yahia 1427# Abdalla of NTC, archived at: 1428# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2017-October/025333.html 1429 1430# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1431Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1432Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 1433Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1434Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1435# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1436Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 1437 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1438 3:00 - EAT 2017 Nov 1 1439 2:00 - CAT 1440 1441# South Sudan 1442 1443# From Steffen Thorsen (2021-01-18): 1444# "South Sudan will change its time zone by setting the clock back 1 1445# hour on February 1, 2021...." 1446# from https://eyeradio.org/south-sudan-adopts-new-time-zone-makuei/ 1447 1448# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1449Zone Africa/Juba 2:06:28 - LMT 1931 1450 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1451 3:00 - EAT 2021 Feb 1 00:00 1452 2:00 - CAT 1453 1454# Tanzania 1455# See Africa/Nairobi. 1456 1457# Togo 1458# See Africa/Abidjan. 1459 1460# Tunisia 1461 1462# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 1463# My correspondent, Risto Nykänen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 1464# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 1465# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 1466# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 1467# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 1468# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 1469# Saturday." (My translation) 1470# 1471# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 1472# La Presse, the first national daily newspaper ... 1473# http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html 1474# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 1475# 1h standard time. 1476# 1477# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 1478# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 1479# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 1480# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 1481# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 1482 1483# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 1484# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 1485# (Arabic) 1486# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 1487# https://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 1488# 1489# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 1490# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 1491# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 1492 1493# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 1494# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 1495# 1496# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 1497# 1498# (in English) 1499# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 1500# 1501# (in Arabic) 1502# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 1503 1504# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-18): 1505# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is 1506# due to the fact that the fasting month of Ramadan coincides with the period 1507# concerned by summer time. Therefore, the standard time will be kept 1508# unchanged the whole year long." So foregoing DST seems to be an exception 1509# (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 1510 1511# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): 1512# According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 1513# 1514# (translation): 1515# "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on 1516# Sunday... 1517# Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also 1518# coincided with the month of Ramadan..." 1519# 1520# (in Arabic) 1521# http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 1522# http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 1523# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html 1524 1525# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1526Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 1527Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 1528Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 1529Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 1530Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 1531Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 1532Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 1533Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 1534Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 1535Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1536Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1537Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1538Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1539Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 1540Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 1541Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1542Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 1543Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1544Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 1545Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 1546Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1547Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1548Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 1549Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1550Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1551 1552# See Europe/Paris commentary for PMT-related transitions. 1553# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1554Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 1555 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 1556 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 1557 1558# Uganda 1559# See Africa/Nairobi. 1560 1561# Zambia 1562# Zimbabwe 1563# See Africa/Maputo. 1564