xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/cmd/zdb/zdb.c (revision f9227b3195a9c18631fd7189f610528ced15121a)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 
22 /*
23  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
24  * Copyright (c) 2011, 2016 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
25  * Copyright (c) 2014 Integros [integros.com]
26  */
27 
28 #include <stdio.h>
29 #include <unistd.h>
30 #include <stdio_ext.h>
31 #include <stdlib.h>
32 #include <ctype.h>
33 #include <sys/zfs_context.h>
34 #include <sys/spa.h>
35 #include <sys/spa_impl.h>
36 #include <sys/dmu.h>
37 #include <sys/zap.h>
38 #include <sys/fs/zfs.h>
39 #include <sys/zfs_znode.h>
40 #include <sys/zfs_sa.h>
41 #include <sys/sa.h>
42 #include <sys/sa_impl.h>
43 #include <sys/vdev.h>
44 #include <sys/vdev_impl.h>
45 #include <sys/metaslab_impl.h>
46 #include <sys/dmu_objset.h>
47 #include <sys/dsl_dir.h>
48 #include <sys/dsl_dataset.h>
49 #include <sys/dsl_pool.h>
50 #include <sys/dbuf.h>
51 #include <sys/zil.h>
52 #include <sys/zil_impl.h>
53 #include <sys/stat.h>
54 #include <sys/resource.h>
55 #include <sys/dmu_traverse.h>
56 #include <sys/zio_checksum.h>
57 #include <sys/zio_compress.h>
58 #include <sys/zfs_fuid.h>
59 #include <sys/arc.h>
60 #include <sys/ddt.h>
61 #include <sys/zfeature.h>
62 #include <zfs_comutil.h>
63 #undef verify
64 #include <libzfs.h>
65 
66 #define	ZDB_COMPRESS_NAME(idx) ((idx) < ZIO_COMPRESS_FUNCTIONS ?	\
67 	zio_compress_table[(idx)].ci_name : "UNKNOWN")
68 #define	ZDB_CHECKSUM_NAME(idx) ((idx) < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS ?	\
69 	zio_checksum_table[(idx)].ci_name : "UNKNOWN")
70 #define	ZDB_OT_NAME(idx) ((idx) < DMU_OT_NUMTYPES ?	\
71 	dmu_ot[(idx)].ot_name : DMU_OT_IS_VALID(idx) ?	\
72 	dmu_ot_byteswap[DMU_OT_BYTESWAP(idx)].ob_name : "UNKNOWN")
73 #define	ZDB_OT_TYPE(idx) ((idx) < DMU_OT_NUMTYPES ? (idx) :		\
74 	(((idx) == DMU_OTN_ZAP_DATA || (idx) == DMU_OTN_ZAP_METADATA) ?	\
75 	DMU_OT_ZAP_OTHER : DMU_OT_NUMTYPES))
76 
77 #ifndef lint
78 extern boolean_t zfs_recover;
79 extern uint64_t zfs_arc_max, zfs_arc_meta_limit;
80 extern int zfs_vdev_async_read_max_active;
81 #else
82 boolean_t zfs_recover;
83 uint64_t zfs_arc_max, zfs_arc_meta_limit;
84 int zfs_vdev_async_read_max_active;
85 #endif
86 
87 const char cmdname[] = "zdb";
88 uint8_t dump_opt[256];
89 
90 typedef void object_viewer_t(objset_t *, uint64_t, void *data, size_t size);
91 
92 extern void dump_intent_log(zilog_t *);
93 uint64_t *zopt_object = NULL;
94 int zopt_objects = 0;
95 libzfs_handle_t *g_zfs;
96 uint64_t max_inflight = 1000;
97 
98 static void snprintf_blkptr_compact(char *, size_t, const blkptr_t *);
99 
100 /*
101  * These libumem hooks provide a reasonable set of defaults for the allocator's
102  * debugging facilities.
103  */
104 const char *
105 _umem_debug_init()
106 {
107 	return ("default,verbose"); /* $UMEM_DEBUG setting */
108 }
109 
110 const char *
111 _umem_logging_init(void)
112 {
113 	return ("fail,contents"); /* $UMEM_LOGGING setting */
114 }
115 
116 static void
117 usage(void)
118 {
119 	(void) fprintf(stderr,
120 	    "Usage: %s [-CumMdibcsDvhLXFPAG] [-t txg] [-e [-p path...]] "
121 	    "[-U config] [-I inflight I/Os] [-x dumpdir] [-o var=value] "
122 	    "poolname [object...]\n"
123 	    "       %s [-divPA] [-e -p path...] [-U config] dataset "
124 	    "[object...]\n"
125 	    "       %s -mM [-LXFPA] [-t txg] [-e [-p path...]] [-U config] "
126 	    "poolname [vdev [metaslab...]]\n"
127 	    "       %s -R [-A] [-e [-p path...]] poolname "
128 	    "vdev:offset:size[:flags]\n"
129 	    "       %s -S [-PA] [-e [-p path...]] [-U config] poolname\n"
130 	    "       %s -l [-uA] device\n"
131 	    "       %s -C [-A] [-U config]\n\n",
132 	    cmdname, cmdname, cmdname, cmdname, cmdname, cmdname, cmdname);
133 
134 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "    Dataset name must include at least one "
135 	    "separator character '/' or '@'\n");
136 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "    If dataset name is specified, only that "
137 	    "dataset is dumped\n");
138 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "    If object numbers are specified, only "
139 	    "those objects are dumped\n\n");
140 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "    Options to control amount of output:\n");
141 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -u uberblock\n");
142 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -d dataset(s)\n");
143 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -i intent logs\n");
144 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -C config (or cachefile if alone)\n");
145 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -h pool history\n");
146 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -b block statistics\n");
147 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -m metaslabs\n");
148 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -M metaslab groups\n");
149 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -c checksum all metadata (twice for "
150 	    "all data) blocks\n");
151 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -s report stats on zdb's I/O\n");
152 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -D dedup statistics\n");
153 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -S simulate dedup to measure effect\n");
154 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -v verbose (applies to all others)\n");
155 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -l dump label contents\n");
156 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -L disable leak tracking (do not "
157 	    "load spacemaps)\n");
158 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -R read and display block from a "
159 	    "device\n\n");
160 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "    Below options are intended for use "
161 	    "with other options:\n");
162 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -A ignore assertions (-A), enable "
163 	    "panic recovery (-AA) or both (-AAA)\n");
164 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -F attempt automatic rewind within "
165 	    "safe range of transaction groups\n");
166 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -U <cachefile_path> -- use alternate "
167 	    "cachefile\n");
168 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -X attempt extreme rewind (does not "
169 	    "work with dataset)\n");
170 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -e pool is exported/destroyed/"
171 	    "has altroot/not in a cachefile\n");
172 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -p <path> -- use one or more with "
173 	    "-e to specify path to vdev dir\n");
174 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -x <dumpdir> -- "
175 	    "dump all read blocks into specified directory\n");
176 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -P print numbers in parseable form\n");
177 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -t <txg> -- highest txg to use when "
178 	    "searching for uberblocks\n");
179 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -I <number of inflight I/Os> -- "
180 	    "specify the maximum number of "
181 	    "checksumming I/Os [default is 200]\n");
182 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -G dump zfs_dbgmsg buffer before "
183 	    "exiting\n");
184 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "        -o <variable>=<value> set global "
185 	    "variable to an unsigned 32-bit integer value\n");
186 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "Specify an option more than once (e.g. -bb) "
187 	    "to make only that option verbose\n");
188 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "Default is to dump everything non-verbosely\n");
189 	exit(1);
190 }
191 
192 static void
193 dump_debug_buffer()
194 {
195 	if (dump_opt['G']) {
196 		(void) printf("\n");
197 		zfs_dbgmsg_print("zdb");
198 	}
199 }
200 
201 /*
202  * Called for usage errors that are discovered after a call to spa_open(),
203  * dmu_bonus_hold(), or pool_match().  abort() is called for other errors.
204  */
205 
206 static void
207 fatal(const char *fmt, ...)
208 {
209 	va_list ap;
210 
211 	va_start(ap, fmt);
212 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", cmdname);
213 	(void) vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
214 	va_end(ap);
215 	(void) fprintf(stderr, "\n");
216 
217 	dump_debug_buffer();
218 
219 	exit(1);
220 }
221 
222 /* ARGSUSED */
223 static void
224 dump_packed_nvlist(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
225 {
226 	nvlist_t *nv;
227 	size_t nvsize = *(uint64_t *)data;
228 	char *packed = umem_alloc(nvsize, UMEM_NOFAIL);
229 
230 	VERIFY(0 == dmu_read(os, object, 0, nvsize, packed, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
231 
232 	VERIFY(nvlist_unpack(packed, nvsize, &nv, 0) == 0);
233 
234 	umem_free(packed, nvsize);
235 
236 	dump_nvlist(nv, 8);
237 
238 	nvlist_free(nv);
239 }
240 
241 /* ARGSUSED */
242 static void
243 dump_history_offsets(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
244 {
245 	spa_history_phys_t *shp = data;
246 
247 	if (shp == NULL)
248 		return;
249 
250 	(void) printf("\t\tpool_create_len = %llu\n",
251 	    (u_longlong_t)shp->sh_pool_create_len);
252 	(void) printf("\t\tphys_max_off = %llu\n",
253 	    (u_longlong_t)shp->sh_phys_max_off);
254 	(void) printf("\t\tbof = %llu\n",
255 	    (u_longlong_t)shp->sh_bof);
256 	(void) printf("\t\teof = %llu\n",
257 	    (u_longlong_t)shp->sh_eof);
258 	(void) printf("\t\trecords_lost = %llu\n",
259 	    (u_longlong_t)shp->sh_records_lost);
260 }
261 
262 static void
263 zdb_nicenum(uint64_t num, char *buf)
264 {
265 	if (dump_opt['P'])
266 		(void) sprintf(buf, "%llu", (longlong_t)num);
267 	else
268 		nicenum(num, buf);
269 }
270 
271 const char histo_stars[] = "****************************************";
272 const int histo_width = sizeof (histo_stars) - 1;
273 
274 static void
275 dump_histogram(const uint64_t *histo, int size, int offset)
276 {
277 	int i;
278 	int minidx = size - 1;
279 	int maxidx = 0;
280 	uint64_t max = 0;
281 
282 	for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
283 		if (histo[i] > max)
284 			max = histo[i];
285 		if (histo[i] > 0 && i > maxidx)
286 			maxidx = i;
287 		if (histo[i] > 0 && i < minidx)
288 			minidx = i;
289 	}
290 
291 	if (max < histo_width)
292 		max = histo_width;
293 
294 	for (i = minidx; i <= maxidx; i++) {
295 		(void) printf("\t\t\t%3u: %6llu %s\n",
296 		    i + offset, (u_longlong_t)histo[i],
297 		    &histo_stars[(max - histo[i]) * histo_width / max]);
298 	}
299 }
300 
301 static void
302 dump_zap_stats(objset_t *os, uint64_t object)
303 {
304 	int error;
305 	zap_stats_t zs;
306 
307 	error = zap_get_stats(os, object, &zs);
308 	if (error)
309 		return;
310 
311 	if (zs.zs_ptrtbl_len == 0) {
312 		ASSERT(zs.zs_num_blocks == 1);
313 		(void) printf("\tmicrozap: %llu bytes, %llu entries\n",
314 		    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_blocksize,
315 		    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_num_entries);
316 		return;
317 	}
318 
319 	(void) printf("\tFat ZAP stats:\n");
320 
321 	(void) printf("\t\tPointer table:\n");
322 	(void) printf("\t\t\t%llu elements\n",
323 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_ptrtbl_len);
324 	(void) printf("\t\t\tzt_blk: %llu\n",
325 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_ptrtbl_zt_blk);
326 	(void) printf("\t\t\tzt_numblks: %llu\n",
327 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_ptrtbl_zt_numblks);
328 	(void) printf("\t\t\tzt_shift: %llu\n",
329 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_ptrtbl_zt_shift);
330 	(void) printf("\t\t\tzt_blks_copied: %llu\n",
331 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_ptrtbl_blks_copied);
332 	(void) printf("\t\t\tzt_nextblk: %llu\n",
333 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_ptrtbl_nextblk);
334 
335 	(void) printf("\t\tZAP entries: %llu\n",
336 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_num_entries);
337 	(void) printf("\t\tLeaf blocks: %llu\n",
338 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_num_leafs);
339 	(void) printf("\t\tTotal blocks: %llu\n",
340 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_num_blocks);
341 	(void) printf("\t\tzap_block_type: 0x%llx\n",
342 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_block_type);
343 	(void) printf("\t\tzap_magic: 0x%llx\n",
344 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_magic);
345 	(void) printf("\t\tzap_salt: 0x%llx\n",
346 	    (u_longlong_t)zs.zs_salt);
347 
348 	(void) printf("\t\tLeafs with 2^n pointers:\n");
349 	dump_histogram(zs.zs_leafs_with_2n_pointers, ZAP_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
350 
351 	(void) printf("\t\tBlocks with n*5 entries:\n");
352 	dump_histogram(zs.zs_blocks_with_n5_entries, ZAP_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
353 
354 	(void) printf("\t\tBlocks n/10 full:\n");
355 	dump_histogram(zs.zs_blocks_n_tenths_full, ZAP_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
356 
357 	(void) printf("\t\tEntries with n chunks:\n");
358 	dump_histogram(zs.zs_entries_using_n_chunks, ZAP_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
359 
360 	(void) printf("\t\tBuckets with n entries:\n");
361 	dump_histogram(zs.zs_buckets_with_n_entries, ZAP_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
362 }
363 
364 /*ARGSUSED*/
365 static void
366 dump_none(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
367 {
368 }
369 
370 /*ARGSUSED*/
371 static void
372 dump_unknown(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
373 {
374 	(void) printf("\tUNKNOWN OBJECT TYPE\n");
375 }
376 
377 /*ARGSUSED*/
378 void
379 dump_uint8(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
380 {
381 }
382 
383 /*ARGSUSED*/
384 static void
385 dump_uint64(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
386 {
387 }
388 
389 /*ARGSUSED*/
390 static void
391 dump_zap(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
392 {
393 	zap_cursor_t zc;
394 	zap_attribute_t attr;
395 	void *prop;
396 	int i;
397 
398 	dump_zap_stats(os, object);
399 	(void) printf("\n");
400 
401 	for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, os, object);
402 	    zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, &attr) == 0;
403 	    zap_cursor_advance(&zc)) {
404 		(void) printf("\t\t%s = ", attr.za_name);
405 		if (attr.za_num_integers == 0) {
406 			(void) printf("\n");
407 			continue;
408 		}
409 		prop = umem_zalloc(attr.za_num_integers *
410 		    attr.za_integer_length, UMEM_NOFAIL);
411 		(void) zap_lookup(os, object, attr.za_name,
412 		    attr.za_integer_length, attr.za_num_integers, prop);
413 		if (attr.za_integer_length == 1) {
414 			(void) printf("%s", (char *)prop);
415 		} else {
416 			for (i = 0; i < attr.za_num_integers; i++) {
417 				switch (attr.za_integer_length) {
418 				case 2:
419 					(void) printf("%u ",
420 					    ((uint16_t *)prop)[i]);
421 					break;
422 				case 4:
423 					(void) printf("%u ",
424 					    ((uint32_t *)prop)[i]);
425 					break;
426 				case 8:
427 					(void) printf("%lld ",
428 					    (u_longlong_t)((int64_t *)prop)[i]);
429 					break;
430 				}
431 			}
432 		}
433 		(void) printf("\n");
434 		umem_free(prop, attr.za_num_integers * attr.za_integer_length);
435 	}
436 	zap_cursor_fini(&zc);
437 }
438 
439 static void
440 dump_bpobj(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
441 {
442 	bpobj_phys_t *bpop = data;
443 	char bytes[32], comp[32], uncomp[32];
444 
445 	if (bpop == NULL)
446 		return;
447 
448 	zdb_nicenum(bpop->bpo_bytes, bytes);
449 	zdb_nicenum(bpop->bpo_comp, comp);
450 	zdb_nicenum(bpop->bpo_uncomp, uncomp);
451 
452 	(void) printf("\t\tnum_blkptrs = %llu\n",
453 	    (u_longlong_t)bpop->bpo_num_blkptrs);
454 	(void) printf("\t\tbytes = %s\n", bytes);
455 	if (size >= BPOBJ_SIZE_V1) {
456 		(void) printf("\t\tcomp = %s\n", comp);
457 		(void) printf("\t\tuncomp = %s\n", uncomp);
458 	}
459 	if (size >= sizeof (*bpop)) {
460 		(void) printf("\t\tsubobjs = %llu\n",
461 		    (u_longlong_t)bpop->bpo_subobjs);
462 		(void) printf("\t\tnum_subobjs = %llu\n",
463 		    (u_longlong_t)bpop->bpo_num_subobjs);
464 	}
465 
466 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 5)
467 		return;
468 
469 	for (uint64_t i = 0; i < bpop->bpo_num_blkptrs; i++) {
470 		char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
471 		blkptr_t bp;
472 
473 		int err = dmu_read(os, object,
474 		    i * sizeof (bp), sizeof (bp), &bp, 0);
475 		if (err != 0) {
476 			(void) printf("got error %u from dmu_read\n", err);
477 			break;
478 		}
479 		snprintf_blkptr_compact(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), &bp);
480 		(void) printf("\t%s\n", blkbuf);
481 	}
482 }
483 
484 /* ARGSUSED */
485 static void
486 dump_bpobj_subobjs(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
487 {
488 	dmu_object_info_t doi;
489 
490 	VERIFY0(dmu_object_info(os, object, &doi));
491 	uint64_t *subobjs = kmem_alloc(doi.doi_max_offset, KM_SLEEP);
492 
493 	int err = dmu_read(os, object, 0, doi.doi_max_offset, subobjs, 0);
494 	if (err != 0) {
495 		(void) printf("got error %u from dmu_read\n", err);
496 		kmem_free(subobjs, doi.doi_max_offset);
497 		return;
498 	}
499 
500 	int64_t last_nonzero = -1;
501 	for (uint64_t i = 0; i < doi.doi_max_offset / 8; i++) {
502 		if (subobjs[i] != 0)
503 			last_nonzero = i;
504 	}
505 
506 	for (int64_t i = 0; i <= last_nonzero; i++) {
507 		(void) printf("\t%llu\n", (longlong_t)subobjs[i]);
508 	}
509 	kmem_free(subobjs, doi.doi_max_offset);
510 }
511 
512 /*ARGSUSED*/
513 static void
514 dump_ddt_zap(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
515 {
516 	dump_zap_stats(os, object);
517 	/* contents are printed elsewhere, properly decoded */
518 }
519 
520 /*ARGSUSED*/
521 static void
522 dump_sa_attrs(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
523 {
524 	zap_cursor_t zc;
525 	zap_attribute_t attr;
526 
527 	dump_zap_stats(os, object);
528 	(void) printf("\n");
529 
530 	for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, os, object);
531 	    zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, &attr) == 0;
532 	    zap_cursor_advance(&zc)) {
533 		(void) printf("\t\t%s = ", attr.za_name);
534 		if (attr.za_num_integers == 0) {
535 			(void) printf("\n");
536 			continue;
537 		}
538 		(void) printf(" %llx : [%d:%d:%d]\n",
539 		    (u_longlong_t)attr.za_first_integer,
540 		    (int)ATTR_LENGTH(attr.za_first_integer),
541 		    (int)ATTR_BSWAP(attr.za_first_integer),
542 		    (int)ATTR_NUM(attr.za_first_integer));
543 	}
544 	zap_cursor_fini(&zc);
545 }
546 
547 /*ARGSUSED*/
548 static void
549 dump_sa_layouts(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
550 {
551 	zap_cursor_t zc;
552 	zap_attribute_t attr;
553 	uint16_t *layout_attrs;
554 	int i;
555 
556 	dump_zap_stats(os, object);
557 	(void) printf("\n");
558 
559 	for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, os, object);
560 	    zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, &attr) == 0;
561 	    zap_cursor_advance(&zc)) {
562 		(void) printf("\t\t%s = [", attr.za_name);
563 		if (attr.za_num_integers == 0) {
564 			(void) printf("\n");
565 			continue;
566 		}
567 
568 		VERIFY(attr.za_integer_length == 2);
569 		layout_attrs = umem_zalloc(attr.za_num_integers *
570 		    attr.za_integer_length, UMEM_NOFAIL);
571 
572 		VERIFY(zap_lookup(os, object, attr.za_name,
573 		    attr.za_integer_length,
574 		    attr.za_num_integers, layout_attrs) == 0);
575 
576 		for (i = 0; i != attr.za_num_integers; i++)
577 			(void) printf(" %d ", (int)layout_attrs[i]);
578 		(void) printf("]\n");
579 		umem_free(layout_attrs,
580 		    attr.za_num_integers * attr.za_integer_length);
581 	}
582 	zap_cursor_fini(&zc);
583 }
584 
585 /*ARGSUSED*/
586 static void
587 dump_zpldir(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
588 {
589 	zap_cursor_t zc;
590 	zap_attribute_t attr;
591 	const char *typenames[] = {
592 		/* 0 */ "not specified",
593 		/* 1 */ "FIFO",
594 		/* 2 */ "Character Device",
595 		/* 3 */ "3 (invalid)",
596 		/* 4 */ "Directory",
597 		/* 5 */ "5 (invalid)",
598 		/* 6 */ "Block Device",
599 		/* 7 */ "7 (invalid)",
600 		/* 8 */ "Regular File",
601 		/* 9 */ "9 (invalid)",
602 		/* 10 */ "Symbolic Link",
603 		/* 11 */ "11 (invalid)",
604 		/* 12 */ "Socket",
605 		/* 13 */ "Door",
606 		/* 14 */ "Event Port",
607 		/* 15 */ "15 (invalid)",
608 	};
609 
610 	dump_zap_stats(os, object);
611 	(void) printf("\n");
612 
613 	for (zap_cursor_init(&zc, os, object);
614 	    zap_cursor_retrieve(&zc, &attr) == 0;
615 	    zap_cursor_advance(&zc)) {
616 		(void) printf("\t\t%s = %lld (type: %s)\n",
617 		    attr.za_name, ZFS_DIRENT_OBJ(attr.za_first_integer),
618 		    typenames[ZFS_DIRENT_TYPE(attr.za_first_integer)]);
619 	}
620 	zap_cursor_fini(&zc);
621 }
622 
623 int
624 get_dtl_refcount(vdev_t *vd)
625 {
626 	int refcount = 0;
627 
628 	if (vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_leaf) {
629 		space_map_t *sm = vd->vdev_dtl_sm;
630 
631 		if (sm != NULL &&
632 		    sm->sm_dbuf->db_size == sizeof (space_map_phys_t))
633 			return (1);
634 		return (0);
635 	}
636 
637 	for (int c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++)
638 		refcount += get_dtl_refcount(vd->vdev_child[c]);
639 	return (refcount);
640 }
641 
642 int
643 get_metaslab_refcount(vdev_t *vd)
644 {
645 	int refcount = 0;
646 
647 	if (vd->vdev_top == vd && !vd->vdev_removing) {
648 		for (int m = 0; m < vd->vdev_ms_count; m++) {
649 			space_map_t *sm = vd->vdev_ms[m]->ms_sm;
650 
651 			if (sm != NULL &&
652 			    sm->sm_dbuf->db_size == sizeof (space_map_phys_t))
653 				refcount++;
654 		}
655 	}
656 	for (int c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++)
657 		refcount += get_metaslab_refcount(vd->vdev_child[c]);
658 
659 	return (refcount);
660 }
661 
662 static int
663 verify_spacemap_refcounts(spa_t *spa)
664 {
665 	uint64_t expected_refcount = 0;
666 	uint64_t actual_refcount;
667 
668 	(void) feature_get_refcount(spa,
669 	    &spa_feature_table[SPA_FEATURE_SPACEMAP_HISTOGRAM],
670 	    &expected_refcount);
671 	actual_refcount = get_dtl_refcount(spa->spa_root_vdev);
672 	actual_refcount += get_metaslab_refcount(spa->spa_root_vdev);
673 
674 	if (expected_refcount != actual_refcount) {
675 		(void) printf("space map refcount mismatch: expected %lld != "
676 		    "actual %lld\n",
677 		    (longlong_t)expected_refcount,
678 		    (longlong_t)actual_refcount);
679 		return (2);
680 	}
681 	return (0);
682 }
683 
684 static void
685 dump_spacemap(objset_t *os, space_map_t *sm)
686 {
687 	uint64_t alloc, offset, entry;
688 	char *ddata[] = { "ALLOC", "FREE", "CONDENSE", "INVALID",
689 			    "INVALID", "INVALID", "INVALID", "INVALID" };
690 
691 	if (sm == NULL)
692 		return;
693 
694 	/*
695 	 * Print out the freelist entries in both encoded and decoded form.
696 	 */
697 	alloc = 0;
698 	for (offset = 0; offset < space_map_length(sm);
699 	    offset += sizeof (entry)) {
700 		uint8_t mapshift = sm->sm_shift;
701 
702 		VERIFY0(dmu_read(os, space_map_object(sm), offset,
703 		    sizeof (entry), &entry, DMU_READ_PREFETCH));
704 		if (SM_DEBUG_DECODE(entry)) {
705 
706 			(void) printf("\t    [%6llu] %s: txg %llu, pass %llu\n",
707 			    (u_longlong_t)(offset / sizeof (entry)),
708 			    ddata[SM_DEBUG_ACTION_DECODE(entry)],
709 			    (u_longlong_t)SM_DEBUG_TXG_DECODE(entry),
710 			    (u_longlong_t)SM_DEBUG_SYNCPASS_DECODE(entry));
711 		} else {
712 			(void) printf("\t    [%6llu]    %c  range:"
713 			    " %010llx-%010llx  size: %06llx\n",
714 			    (u_longlong_t)(offset / sizeof (entry)),
715 			    SM_TYPE_DECODE(entry) == SM_ALLOC ? 'A' : 'F',
716 			    (u_longlong_t)((SM_OFFSET_DECODE(entry) <<
717 			    mapshift) + sm->sm_start),
718 			    (u_longlong_t)((SM_OFFSET_DECODE(entry) <<
719 			    mapshift) + sm->sm_start +
720 			    (SM_RUN_DECODE(entry) << mapshift)),
721 			    (u_longlong_t)(SM_RUN_DECODE(entry) << mapshift));
722 			if (SM_TYPE_DECODE(entry) == SM_ALLOC)
723 				alloc += SM_RUN_DECODE(entry) << mapshift;
724 			else
725 				alloc -= SM_RUN_DECODE(entry) << mapshift;
726 		}
727 	}
728 	if (alloc != space_map_allocated(sm)) {
729 		(void) printf("space_map_object alloc (%llu) INCONSISTENT "
730 		    "with space map summary (%llu)\n",
731 		    (u_longlong_t)space_map_allocated(sm), (u_longlong_t)alloc);
732 	}
733 }
734 
735 static void
736 dump_metaslab_stats(metaslab_t *msp)
737 {
738 	char maxbuf[32];
739 	range_tree_t *rt = msp->ms_tree;
740 	avl_tree_t *t = &msp->ms_size_tree;
741 	int free_pct = range_tree_space(rt) * 100 / msp->ms_size;
742 
743 	zdb_nicenum(metaslab_block_maxsize(msp), maxbuf);
744 
745 	(void) printf("\t %25s %10lu   %7s  %6s   %4s %4d%%\n",
746 	    "segments", avl_numnodes(t), "maxsize", maxbuf,
747 	    "freepct", free_pct);
748 	(void) printf("\tIn-memory histogram:\n");
749 	dump_histogram(rt->rt_histogram, RANGE_TREE_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
750 }
751 
752 static void
753 dump_metaslab(metaslab_t *msp)
754 {
755 	vdev_t *vd = msp->ms_group->mg_vd;
756 	spa_t *spa = vd->vdev_spa;
757 	space_map_t *sm = msp->ms_sm;
758 	char freebuf[32];
759 
760 	zdb_nicenum(msp->ms_size - space_map_allocated(sm), freebuf);
761 
762 	(void) printf(
763 	    "\tmetaslab %6llu   offset %12llx   spacemap %6llu   free    %5s\n",
764 	    (u_longlong_t)msp->ms_id, (u_longlong_t)msp->ms_start,
765 	    (u_longlong_t)space_map_object(sm), freebuf);
766 
767 	if (dump_opt['m'] > 2 && !dump_opt['L']) {
768 		mutex_enter(&msp->ms_lock);
769 		metaslab_load_wait(msp);
770 		if (!msp->ms_loaded) {
771 			VERIFY0(metaslab_load(msp));
772 			range_tree_stat_verify(msp->ms_tree);
773 		}
774 		dump_metaslab_stats(msp);
775 		metaslab_unload(msp);
776 		mutex_exit(&msp->ms_lock);
777 	}
778 
779 	if (dump_opt['m'] > 1 && sm != NULL &&
780 	    spa_feature_is_active(spa, SPA_FEATURE_SPACEMAP_HISTOGRAM)) {
781 		/*
782 		 * The space map histogram represents free space in chunks
783 		 * of sm_shift (i.e. bucket 0 refers to 2^sm_shift).
784 		 */
785 		(void) printf("\tOn-disk histogram:\t\tfragmentation %llu\n",
786 		    (u_longlong_t)msp->ms_fragmentation);
787 		dump_histogram(sm->sm_phys->smp_histogram,
788 		    SPACE_MAP_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, sm->sm_shift);
789 	}
790 
791 	if (dump_opt['d'] > 5 || dump_opt['m'] > 3) {
792 		ASSERT(msp->ms_size == (1ULL << vd->vdev_ms_shift));
793 
794 		mutex_enter(&msp->ms_lock);
795 		dump_spacemap(spa->spa_meta_objset, msp->ms_sm);
796 		mutex_exit(&msp->ms_lock);
797 	}
798 }
799 
800 static void
801 print_vdev_metaslab_header(vdev_t *vd)
802 {
803 	(void) printf("\tvdev %10llu\n\t%-10s%5llu   %-19s   %-15s   %-10s\n",
804 	    (u_longlong_t)vd->vdev_id,
805 	    "metaslabs", (u_longlong_t)vd->vdev_ms_count,
806 	    "offset", "spacemap", "free");
807 	(void) printf("\t%15s   %19s   %15s   %10s\n",
808 	    "---------------", "-------------------",
809 	    "---------------", "-------------");
810 }
811 
812 static void
813 dump_metaslab_groups(spa_t *spa)
814 {
815 	vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
816 	metaslab_class_t *mc = spa_normal_class(spa);
817 	uint64_t fragmentation;
818 
819 	metaslab_class_histogram_verify(mc);
820 
821 	for (int c = 0; c < rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
822 		vdev_t *tvd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
823 		metaslab_group_t *mg = tvd->vdev_mg;
824 
825 		if (mg->mg_class != mc)
826 			continue;
827 
828 		metaslab_group_histogram_verify(mg);
829 		mg->mg_fragmentation = metaslab_group_fragmentation(mg);
830 
831 		(void) printf("\tvdev %10llu\t\tmetaslabs%5llu\t\t"
832 		    "fragmentation",
833 		    (u_longlong_t)tvd->vdev_id,
834 		    (u_longlong_t)tvd->vdev_ms_count);
835 		if (mg->mg_fragmentation == ZFS_FRAG_INVALID) {
836 			(void) printf("%3s\n", "-");
837 		} else {
838 			(void) printf("%3llu%%\n",
839 			    (u_longlong_t)mg->mg_fragmentation);
840 		}
841 		dump_histogram(mg->mg_histogram, RANGE_TREE_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
842 	}
843 
844 	(void) printf("\tpool %s\tfragmentation", spa_name(spa));
845 	fragmentation = metaslab_class_fragmentation(mc);
846 	if (fragmentation == ZFS_FRAG_INVALID)
847 		(void) printf("\t%3s\n", "-");
848 	else
849 		(void) printf("\t%3llu%%\n", (u_longlong_t)fragmentation);
850 	dump_histogram(mc->mc_histogram, RANGE_TREE_HISTOGRAM_SIZE, 0);
851 }
852 
853 static void
854 dump_metaslabs(spa_t *spa)
855 {
856 	vdev_t *vd, *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
857 	uint64_t m, c = 0, children = rvd->vdev_children;
858 
859 	(void) printf("\nMetaslabs:\n");
860 
861 	if (!dump_opt['d'] && zopt_objects > 0) {
862 		c = zopt_object[0];
863 
864 		if (c >= children)
865 			(void) fatal("bad vdev id: %llu", (u_longlong_t)c);
866 
867 		if (zopt_objects > 1) {
868 			vd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
869 			print_vdev_metaslab_header(vd);
870 
871 			for (m = 1; m < zopt_objects; m++) {
872 				if (zopt_object[m] < vd->vdev_ms_count)
873 					dump_metaslab(
874 					    vd->vdev_ms[zopt_object[m]]);
875 				else
876 					(void) fprintf(stderr, "bad metaslab "
877 					    "number %llu\n",
878 					    (u_longlong_t)zopt_object[m]);
879 			}
880 			(void) printf("\n");
881 			return;
882 		}
883 		children = c + 1;
884 	}
885 	for (; c < children; c++) {
886 		vd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
887 		print_vdev_metaslab_header(vd);
888 
889 		for (m = 0; m < vd->vdev_ms_count; m++)
890 			dump_metaslab(vd->vdev_ms[m]);
891 		(void) printf("\n");
892 	}
893 }
894 
895 static void
896 dump_dde(const ddt_t *ddt, const ddt_entry_t *dde, uint64_t index)
897 {
898 	const ddt_phys_t *ddp = dde->dde_phys;
899 	const ddt_key_t *ddk = &dde->dde_key;
900 	char *types[4] = { "ditto", "single", "double", "triple" };
901 	char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
902 	blkptr_t blk;
903 
904 	for (int p = 0; p < DDT_PHYS_TYPES; p++, ddp++) {
905 		if (ddp->ddp_phys_birth == 0)
906 			continue;
907 		ddt_bp_create(ddt->ddt_checksum, ddk, ddp, &blk);
908 		snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), &blk);
909 		(void) printf("index %llx refcnt %llu %s %s\n",
910 		    (u_longlong_t)index, (u_longlong_t)ddp->ddp_refcnt,
911 		    types[p], blkbuf);
912 	}
913 }
914 
915 static void
916 dump_dedup_ratio(const ddt_stat_t *dds)
917 {
918 	double rL, rP, rD, D, dedup, compress, copies;
919 
920 	if (dds->dds_blocks == 0)
921 		return;
922 
923 	rL = (double)dds->dds_ref_lsize;
924 	rP = (double)dds->dds_ref_psize;
925 	rD = (double)dds->dds_ref_dsize;
926 	D = (double)dds->dds_dsize;
927 
928 	dedup = rD / D;
929 	compress = rL / rP;
930 	copies = rD / rP;
931 
932 	(void) printf("dedup = %.2f, compress = %.2f, copies = %.2f, "
933 	    "dedup * compress / copies = %.2f\n\n",
934 	    dedup, compress, copies, dedup * compress / copies);
935 }
936 
937 static void
938 dump_ddt(ddt_t *ddt, enum ddt_type type, enum ddt_class class)
939 {
940 	char name[DDT_NAMELEN];
941 	ddt_entry_t dde;
942 	uint64_t walk = 0;
943 	dmu_object_info_t doi;
944 	uint64_t count, dspace, mspace;
945 	int error;
946 
947 	error = ddt_object_info(ddt, type, class, &doi);
948 
949 	if (error == ENOENT)
950 		return;
951 	ASSERT(error == 0);
952 
953 	if ((count = ddt_object_count(ddt, type, class)) == 0)
954 		return;
955 
956 	dspace = doi.doi_physical_blocks_512 << 9;
957 	mspace = doi.doi_fill_count * doi.doi_data_block_size;
958 
959 	ddt_object_name(ddt, type, class, name);
960 
961 	(void) printf("%s: %llu entries, size %llu on disk, %llu in core\n",
962 	    name,
963 	    (u_longlong_t)count,
964 	    (u_longlong_t)(dspace / count),
965 	    (u_longlong_t)(mspace / count));
966 
967 	if (dump_opt['D'] < 3)
968 		return;
969 
970 	zpool_dump_ddt(NULL, &ddt->ddt_histogram[type][class]);
971 
972 	if (dump_opt['D'] < 4)
973 		return;
974 
975 	if (dump_opt['D'] < 5 && class == DDT_CLASS_UNIQUE)
976 		return;
977 
978 	(void) printf("%s contents:\n\n", name);
979 
980 	while ((error = ddt_object_walk(ddt, type, class, &walk, &dde)) == 0)
981 		dump_dde(ddt, &dde, walk);
982 
983 	ASSERT(error == ENOENT);
984 
985 	(void) printf("\n");
986 }
987 
988 static void
989 dump_all_ddts(spa_t *spa)
990 {
991 	ddt_histogram_t ddh_total = { 0 };
992 	ddt_stat_t dds_total = { 0 };
993 
994 	for (enum zio_checksum c = 0; c < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS; c++) {
995 		ddt_t *ddt = spa->spa_ddt[c];
996 		for (enum ddt_type type = 0; type < DDT_TYPES; type++) {
997 			for (enum ddt_class class = 0; class < DDT_CLASSES;
998 			    class++) {
999 				dump_ddt(ddt, type, class);
1000 			}
1001 		}
1002 	}
1003 
1004 	ddt_get_dedup_stats(spa, &dds_total);
1005 
1006 	if (dds_total.dds_blocks == 0) {
1007 		(void) printf("All DDTs are empty\n");
1008 		return;
1009 	}
1010 
1011 	(void) printf("\n");
1012 
1013 	if (dump_opt['D'] > 1) {
1014 		(void) printf("DDT histogram (aggregated over all DDTs):\n");
1015 		ddt_get_dedup_histogram(spa, &ddh_total);
1016 		zpool_dump_ddt(&dds_total, &ddh_total);
1017 	}
1018 
1019 	dump_dedup_ratio(&dds_total);
1020 }
1021 
1022 static void
1023 dump_dtl_seg(void *arg, uint64_t start, uint64_t size)
1024 {
1025 	char *prefix = arg;
1026 
1027 	(void) printf("%s [%llu,%llu) length %llu\n",
1028 	    prefix,
1029 	    (u_longlong_t)start,
1030 	    (u_longlong_t)(start + size),
1031 	    (u_longlong_t)(size));
1032 }
1033 
1034 static void
1035 dump_dtl(vdev_t *vd, int indent)
1036 {
1037 	spa_t *spa = vd->vdev_spa;
1038 	boolean_t required;
1039 	char *name[DTL_TYPES] = { "missing", "partial", "scrub", "outage" };
1040 	char prefix[256];
1041 
1042 	spa_vdev_state_enter(spa, SCL_NONE);
1043 	required = vdev_dtl_required(vd);
1044 	(void) spa_vdev_state_exit(spa, NULL, 0);
1045 
1046 	if (indent == 0)
1047 		(void) printf("\nDirty time logs:\n\n");
1048 
1049 	(void) printf("\t%*s%s [%s]\n", indent, "",
1050 	    vd->vdev_path ? vd->vdev_path :
1051 	    vd->vdev_parent ? vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_type : spa_name(spa),
1052 	    required ? "DTL-required" : "DTL-expendable");
1053 
1054 	for (int t = 0; t < DTL_TYPES; t++) {
1055 		range_tree_t *rt = vd->vdev_dtl[t];
1056 		if (range_tree_space(rt) == 0)
1057 			continue;
1058 		(void) snprintf(prefix, sizeof (prefix), "\t%*s%s",
1059 		    indent + 2, "", name[t]);
1060 		mutex_enter(rt->rt_lock);
1061 		range_tree_walk(rt, dump_dtl_seg, prefix);
1062 		mutex_exit(rt->rt_lock);
1063 		if (dump_opt['d'] > 5 && vd->vdev_children == 0)
1064 			dump_spacemap(spa->spa_meta_objset, vd->vdev_dtl_sm);
1065 	}
1066 
1067 	for (int c = 0; c < vd->vdev_children; c++)
1068 		dump_dtl(vd->vdev_child[c], indent + 4);
1069 }
1070 
1071 static void
1072 dump_history(spa_t *spa)
1073 {
1074 	nvlist_t **events = NULL;
1075 	uint64_t resid, len, off = 0;
1076 	uint_t num = 0;
1077 	int error;
1078 	time_t tsec;
1079 	struct tm t;
1080 	char tbuf[30];
1081 	char internalstr[MAXPATHLEN];
1082 
1083 	char *buf = umem_alloc(SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE, UMEM_NOFAIL);
1084 	do {
1085 		len = SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE;
1086 
1087 		if ((error = spa_history_get(spa, &off, &len, buf)) != 0) {
1088 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "Unable to read history: "
1089 			    "error %d\n", error);
1090 			umem_free(buf, SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE);
1091 			return;
1092 		}
1093 
1094 		if (zpool_history_unpack(buf, len, &resid, &events, &num) != 0)
1095 			break;
1096 
1097 		off -= resid;
1098 	} while (len != 0);
1099 	umem_free(buf, SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE);
1100 
1101 	(void) printf("\nHistory:\n");
1102 	for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1103 		uint64_t time, txg, ievent;
1104 		char *cmd, *intstr;
1105 		boolean_t printed = B_FALSE;
1106 
1107 		if (nvlist_lookup_uint64(events[i], ZPOOL_HIST_TIME,
1108 		    &time) != 0)
1109 			goto next;
1110 		if (nvlist_lookup_string(events[i], ZPOOL_HIST_CMD,
1111 		    &cmd) != 0) {
1112 			if (nvlist_lookup_uint64(events[i],
1113 			    ZPOOL_HIST_INT_EVENT, &ievent) != 0)
1114 				goto next;
1115 			verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(events[i],
1116 			    ZPOOL_HIST_TXG, &txg) == 0);
1117 			verify(nvlist_lookup_string(events[i],
1118 			    ZPOOL_HIST_INT_STR, &intstr) == 0);
1119 			if (ievent >= ZFS_NUM_LEGACY_HISTORY_EVENTS)
1120 				goto next;
1121 
1122 			(void) snprintf(internalstr,
1123 			    sizeof (internalstr),
1124 			    "[internal %s txg:%lld] %s",
1125 			    zfs_history_event_names[ievent], txg,
1126 			    intstr);
1127 			cmd = internalstr;
1128 		}
1129 		tsec = time;
1130 		(void) localtime_r(&tsec, &t);
1131 		(void) strftime(tbuf, sizeof (tbuf), "%F.%T", &t);
1132 		(void) printf("%s %s\n", tbuf, cmd);
1133 		printed = B_TRUE;
1134 
1135 next:
1136 		if (dump_opt['h'] > 1) {
1137 			if (!printed)
1138 				(void) printf("unrecognized record:\n");
1139 			dump_nvlist(events[i], 2);
1140 		}
1141 	}
1142 }
1143 
1144 /*ARGSUSED*/
1145 static void
1146 dump_dnode(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1147 {
1148 }
1149 
1150 static uint64_t
1151 blkid2offset(const dnode_phys_t *dnp, const blkptr_t *bp,
1152     const zbookmark_phys_t *zb)
1153 {
1154 	if (dnp == NULL) {
1155 		ASSERT(zb->zb_level < 0);
1156 		if (zb->zb_object == 0)
1157 			return (zb->zb_blkid);
1158 		return (zb->zb_blkid * BP_GET_LSIZE(bp));
1159 	}
1160 
1161 	ASSERT(zb->zb_level >= 0);
1162 
1163 	return ((zb->zb_blkid <<
1164 	    (zb->zb_level * (dnp->dn_indblkshift - SPA_BLKPTRSHIFT))) *
1165 	    dnp->dn_datablkszsec << SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT);
1166 }
1167 
1168 static void
1169 snprintf_blkptr_compact(char *blkbuf, size_t buflen, const blkptr_t *bp)
1170 {
1171 	const dva_t *dva = bp->blk_dva;
1172 	int ndvas = dump_opt['d'] > 5 ? BP_GET_NDVAS(bp) : 1;
1173 
1174 	if (dump_opt['b'] >= 6) {
1175 		snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, buflen, bp);
1176 		return;
1177 	}
1178 
1179 	if (BP_IS_EMBEDDED(bp)) {
1180 		(void) sprintf(blkbuf,
1181 		    "EMBEDDED et=%u %llxL/%llxP B=%llu",
1182 		    (int)BPE_GET_ETYPE(bp),
1183 		    (u_longlong_t)BPE_GET_LSIZE(bp),
1184 		    (u_longlong_t)BPE_GET_PSIZE(bp),
1185 		    (u_longlong_t)bp->blk_birth);
1186 		return;
1187 	}
1188 
1189 	blkbuf[0] = '\0';
1190 	for (int i = 0; i < ndvas; i++)
1191 		(void) snprintf(blkbuf + strlen(blkbuf),
1192 		    buflen - strlen(blkbuf), "%llu:%llx:%llx ",
1193 		    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_VDEV(&dva[i]),
1194 		    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_OFFSET(&dva[i]),
1195 		    (u_longlong_t)DVA_GET_ASIZE(&dva[i]));
1196 
1197 	if (BP_IS_HOLE(bp)) {
1198 		(void) snprintf(blkbuf + strlen(blkbuf),
1199 		    buflen - strlen(blkbuf),
1200 		    "%llxL B=%llu",
1201 		    (u_longlong_t)BP_GET_LSIZE(bp),
1202 		    (u_longlong_t)bp->blk_birth);
1203 	} else {
1204 		(void) snprintf(blkbuf + strlen(blkbuf),
1205 		    buflen - strlen(blkbuf),
1206 		    "%llxL/%llxP F=%llu B=%llu/%llu",
1207 		    (u_longlong_t)BP_GET_LSIZE(bp),
1208 		    (u_longlong_t)BP_GET_PSIZE(bp),
1209 		    (u_longlong_t)BP_GET_FILL(bp),
1210 		    (u_longlong_t)bp->blk_birth,
1211 		    (u_longlong_t)BP_PHYSICAL_BIRTH(bp));
1212 	}
1213 }
1214 
1215 static void
1216 print_indirect(blkptr_t *bp, const zbookmark_phys_t *zb,
1217     const dnode_phys_t *dnp)
1218 {
1219 	char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
1220 	int l;
1221 
1222 	if (!BP_IS_EMBEDDED(bp)) {
1223 		ASSERT3U(BP_GET_TYPE(bp), ==, dnp->dn_type);
1224 		ASSERT3U(BP_GET_LEVEL(bp), ==, zb->zb_level);
1225 	}
1226 
1227 	(void) printf("%16llx ", (u_longlong_t)blkid2offset(dnp, bp, zb));
1228 
1229 	ASSERT(zb->zb_level >= 0);
1230 
1231 	for (l = dnp->dn_nlevels - 1; l >= -1; l--) {
1232 		if (l == zb->zb_level) {
1233 			(void) printf("L%llx", (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_level);
1234 		} else {
1235 			(void) printf(" ");
1236 		}
1237 	}
1238 
1239 	snprintf_blkptr_compact(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp);
1240 	(void) printf("%s\n", blkbuf);
1241 }
1242 
1243 static int
1244 visit_indirect(spa_t *spa, const dnode_phys_t *dnp,
1245     blkptr_t *bp, const zbookmark_phys_t *zb)
1246 {
1247 	int err = 0;
1248 
1249 	if (bp->blk_birth == 0)
1250 		return (0);
1251 
1252 	print_indirect(bp, zb, dnp);
1253 
1254 	if (BP_GET_LEVEL(bp) > 0 && !BP_IS_HOLE(bp)) {
1255 		arc_flags_t flags = ARC_FLAG_WAIT;
1256 		int i;
1257 		blkptr_t *cbp;
1258 		int epb = BP_GET_LSIZE(bp) >> SPA_BLKPTRSHIFT;
1259 		arc_buf_t *buf;
1260 		uint64_t fill = 0;
1261 
1262 		err = arc_read(NULL, spa, bp, arc_getbuf_func, &buf,
1263 		    ZIO_PRIORITY_ASYNC_READ, ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL, &flags, zb);
1264 		if (err)
1265 			return (err);
1266 		ASSERT(buf->b_data);
1267 
1268 		/* recursively visit blocks below this */
1269 		cbp = buf->b_data;
1270 		for (i = 0; i < epb; i++, cbp++) {
1271 			zbookmark_phys_t czb;
1272 
1273 			SET_BOOKMARK(&czb, zb->zb_objset, zb->zb_object,
1274 			    zb->zb_level - 1,
1275 			    zb->zb_blkid * epb + i);
1276 			err = visit_indirect(spa, dnp, cbp, &czb);
1277 			if (err)
1278 				break;
1279 			fill += BP_GET_FILL(cbp);
1280 		}
1281 		if (!err)
1282 			ASSERT3U(fill, ==, BP_GET_FILL(bp));
1283 		arc_buf_destroy(buf, &buf);
1284 	}
1285 
1286 	return (err);
1287 }
1288 
1289 /*ARGSUSED*/
1290 static void
1291 dump_indirect(dnode_t *dn)
1292 {
1293 	dnode_phys_t *dnp = dn->dn_phys;
1294 	int j;
1295 	zbookmark_phys_t czb;
1296 
1297 	(void) printf("Indirect blocks:\n");
1298 
1299 	SET_BOOKMARK(&czb, dmu_objset_id(dn->dn_objset),
1300 	    dn->dn_object, dnp->dn_nlevels - 1, 0);
1301 	for (j = 0; j < dnp->dn_nblkptr; j++) {
1302 		czb.zb_blkid = j;
1303 		(void) visit_indirect(dmu_objset_spa(dn->dn_objset), dnp,
1304 		    &dnp->dn_blkptr[j], &czb);
1305 	}
1306 
1307 	(void) printf("\n");
1308 }
1309 
1310 /*ARGSUSED*/
1311 static void
1312 dump_dsl_dir(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1313 {
1314 	dsl_dir_phys_t *dd = data;
1315 	time_t crtime;
1316 	char nice[32];
1317 
1318 	if (dd == NULL)
1319 		return;
1320 
1321 	ASSERT3U(size, >=, sizeof (dsl_dir_phys_t));
1322 
1323 	crtime = dd->dd_creation_time;
1324 	(void) printf("\t\tcreation_time = %s", ctime(&crtime));
1325 	(void) printf("\t\thead_dataset_obj = %llu\n",
1326 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_head_dataset_obj);
1327 	(void) printf("\t\tparent_dir_obj = %llu\n",
1328 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_parent_obj);
1329 	(void) printf("\t\torigin_obj = %llu\n",
1330 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_origin_obj);
1331 	(void) printf("\t\tchild_dir_zapobj = %llu\n",
1332 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_child_dir_zapobj);
1333 	zdb_nicenum(dd->dd_used_bytes, nice);
1334 	(void) printf("\t\tused_bytes = %s\n", nice);
1335 	zdb_nicenum(dd->dd_compressed_bytes, nice);
1336 	(void) printf("\t\tcompressed_bytes = %s\n", nice);
1337 	zdb_nicenum(dd->dd_uncompressed_bytes, nice);
1338 	(void) printf("\t\tuncompressed_bytes = %s\n", nice);
1339 	zdb_nicenum(dd->dd_quota, nice);
1340 	(void) printf("\t\tquota = %s\n", nice);
1341 	zdb_nicenum(dd->dd_reserved, nice);
1342 	(void) printf("\t\treserved = %s\n", nice);
1343 	(void) printf("\t\tprops_zapobj = %llu\n",
1344 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_props_zapobj);
1345 	(void) printf("\t\tdeleg_zapobj = %llu\n",
1346 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_deleg_zapobj);
1347 	(void) printf("\t\tflags = %llx\n",
1348 	    (u_longlong_t)dd->dd_flags);
1349 
1350 #define	DO(which) \
1351 	zdb_nicenum(dd->dd_used_breakdown[DD_USED_ ## which], nice); \
1352 	(void) printf("\t\tused_breakdown[" #which "] = %s\n", nice)
1353 	DO(HEAD);
1354 	DO(SNAP);
1355 	DO(CHILD);
1356 	DO(CHILD_RSRV);
1357 	DO(REFRSRV);
1358 #undef DO
1359 }
1360 
1361 /*ARGSUSED*/
1362 static void
1363 dump_dsl_dataset(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1364 {
1365 	dsl_dataset_phys_t *ds = data;
1366 	time_t crtime;
1367 	char used[32], compressed[32], uncompressed[32], unique[32];
1368 	char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
1369 
1370 	if (ds == NULL)
1371 		return;
1372 
1373 	ASSERT(size == sizeof (*ds));
1374 	crtime = ds->ds_creation_time;
1375 	zdb_nicenum(ds->ds_referenced_bytes, used);
1376 	zdb_nicenum(ds->ds_compressed_bytes, compressed);
1377 	zdb_nicenum(ds->ds_uncompressed_bytes, uncompressed);
1378 	zdb_nicenum(ds->ds_unique_bytes, unique);
1379 	snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), &ds->ds_bp);
1380 
1381 	(void) printf("\t\tdir_obj = %llu\n",
1382 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_dir_obj);
1383 	(void) printf("\t\tprev_snap_obj = %llu\n",
1384 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_prev_snap_obj);
1385 	(void) printf("\t\tprev_snap_txg = %llu\n",
1386 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_prev_snap_txg);
1387 	(void) printf("\t\tnext_snap_obj = %llu\n",
1388 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_next_snap_obj);
1389 	(void) printf("\t\tsnapnames_zapobj = %llu\n",
1390 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_snapnames_zapobj);
1391 	(void) printf("\t\tnum_children = %llu\n",
1392 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_num_children);
1393 	(void) printf("\t\tuserrefs_obj = %llu\n",
1394 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_userrefs_obj);
1395 	(void) printf("\t\tcreation_time = %s", ctime(&crtime));
1396 	(void) printf("\t\tcreation_txg = %llu\n",
1397 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_creation_txg);
1398 	(void) printf("\t\tdeadlist_obj = %llu\n",
1399 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_deadlist_obj);
1400 	(void) printf("\t\tused_bytes = %s\n", used);
1401 	(void) printf("\t\tcompressed_bytes = %s\n", compressed);
1402 	(void) printf("\t\tuncompressed_bytes = %s\n", uncompressed);
1403 	(void) printf("\t\tunique = %s\n", unique);
1404 	(void) printf("\t\tfsid_guid = %llu\n",
1405 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_fsid_guid);
1406 	(void) printf("\t\tguid = %llu\n",
1407 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_guid);
1408 	(void) printf("\t\tflags = %llx\n",
1409 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_flags);
1410 	(void) printf("\t\tnext_clones_obj = %llu\n",
1411 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_next_clones_obj);
1412 	(void) printf("\t\tprops_obj = %llu\n",
1413 	    (u_longlong_t)ds->ds_props_obj);
1414 	(void) printf("\t\tbp = %s\n", blkbuf);
1415 }
1416 
1417 /* ARGSUSED */
1418 static int
1419 dump_bptree_cb(void *arg, const blkptr_t *bp, dmu_tx_t *tx)
1420 {
1421 	char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
1422 
1423 	if (bp->blk_birth != 0) {
1424 		snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp);
1425 		(void) printf("\t%s\n", blkbuf);
1426 	}
1427 	return (0);
1428 }
1429 
1430 static void
1431 dump_bptree(objset_t *os, uint64_t obj, char *name)
1432 {
1433 	char bytes[32];
1434 	bptree_phys_t *bt;
1435 	dmu_buf_t *db;
1436 
1437 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 3)
1438 		return;
1439 
1440 	VERIFY3U(0, ==, dmu_bonus_hold(os, obj, FTAG, &db));
1441 	bt = db->db_data;
1442 	zdb_nicenum(bt->bt_bytes, bytes);
1443 	(void) printf("\n    %s: %llu datasets, %s\n",
1444 	    name, (unsigned long long)(bt->bt_end - bt->bt_begin), bytes);
1445 	dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1446 
1447 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 5)
1448 		return;
1449 
1450 	(void) printf("\n");
1451 
1452 	(void) bptree_iterate(os, obj, B_FALSE, dump_bptree_cb, NULL, NULL);
1453 }
1454 
1455 /* ARGSUSED */
1456 static int
1457 dump_bpobj_cb(void *arg, const blkptr_t *bp, dmu_tx_t *tx)
1458 {
1459 	char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
1460 
1461 	ASSERT(bp->blk_birth != 0);
1462 	snprintf_blkptr_compact(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp);
1463 	(void) printf("\t%s\n", blkbuf);
1464 	return (0);
1465 }
1466 
1467 static void
1468 dump_full_bpobj(bpobj_t *bpo, char *name, int indent)
1469 {
1470 	char bytes[32];
1471 	char comp[32];
1472 	char uncomp[32];
1473 
1474 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 3)
1475 		return;
1476 
1477 	zdb_nicenum(bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_bytes, bytes);
1478 	if (bpo->bpo_havesubobj && bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_subobjs != 0) {
1479 		zdb_nicenum(bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_comp, comp);
1480 		zdb_nicenum(bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_uncomp, uncomp);
1481 		(void) printf("    %*s: object %llu, %llu local blkptrs, "
1482 		    "%llu subobjs in object %llu, %s (%s/%s comp)\n",
1483 		    indent * 8, name,
1484 		    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_object,
1485 		    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_num_blkptrs,
1486 		    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_num_subobjs,
1487 		    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_subobjs,
1488 		    bytes, comp, uncomp);
1489 
1490 		for (uint64_t i = 0; i < bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_num_subobjs; i++) {
1491 			uint64_t subobj;
1492 			bpobj_t subbpo;
1493 			int error;
1494 			VERIFY0(dmu_read(bpo->bpo_os,
1495 			    bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_subobjs,
1496 			    i * sizeof (subobj), sizeof (subobj), &subobj, 0));
1497 			error = bpobj_open(&subbpo, bpo->bpo_os, subobj);
1498 			if (error != 0) {
1499 				(void) printf("ERROR %u while trying to open "
1500 				    "subobj id %llu\n",
1501 				    error, (u_longlong_t)subobj);
1502 				continue;
1503 			}
1504 			dump_full_bpobj(&subbpo, "subobj", indent + 1);
1505 			bpobj_close(&subbpo);
1506 		}
1507 	} else {
1508 		(void) printf("    %*s: object %llu, %llu blkptrs, %s\n",
1509 		    indent * 8, name,
1510 		    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_object,
1511 		    (u_longlong_t)bpo->bpo_phys->bpo_num_blkptrs,
1512 		    bytes);
1513 	}
1514 
1515 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 5)
1516 		return;
1517 
1518 
1519 	if (indent == 0) {
1520 		(void) bpobj_iterate_nofree(bpo, dump_bpobj_cb, NULL, NULL);
1521 		(void) printf("\n");
1522 	}
1523 }
1524 
1525 static void
1526 dump_deadlist(dsl_deadlist_t *dl)
1527 {
1528 	dsl_deadlist_entry_t *dle;
1529 	uint64_t unused;
1530 	char bytes[32];
1531 	char comp[32];
1532 	char uncomp[32];
1533 
1534 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 3)
1535 		return;
1536 
1537 	if (dl->dl_oldfmt) {
1538 		dump_full_bpobj(&dl->dl_bpobj, "old-format deadlist", 0);
1539 		return;
1540 	}
1541 
1542 	zdb_nicenum(dl->dl_phys->dl_used, bytes);
1543 	zdb_nicenum(dl->dl_phys->dl_comp, comp);
1544 	zdb_nicenum(dl->dl_phys->dl_uncomp, uncomp);
1545 	(void) printf("\n    Deadlist: %s (%s/%s comp)\n",
1546 	    bytes, comp, uncomp);
1547 
1548 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 4)
1549 		return;
1550 
1551 	(void) printf("\n");
1552 
1553 	/* force the tree to be loaded */
1554 	dsl_deadlist_space_range(dl, 0, UINT64_MAX, &unused, &unused, &unused);
1555 
1556 	for (dle = avl_first(&dl->dl_tree); dle;
1557 	    dle = AVL_NEXT(&dl->dl_tree, dle)) {
1558 		if (dump_opt['d'] >= 5) {
1559 			char buf[128];
1560 			(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof (buf), "mintxg %llu -> ",
1561 			    (longlong_t)dle->dle_mintxg,
1562 			    (longlong_t)dle->dle_bpobj.bpo_object);
1563 
1564 			dump_full_bpobj(&dle->dle_bpobj, buf, 0);
1565 		} else {
1566 			(void) printf("mintxg %llu -> obj %llu\n",
1567 			    (longlong_t)dle->dle_mintxg,
1568 			    (longlong_t)dle->dle_bpobj.bpo_object);
1569 
1570 		}
1571 	}
1572 }
1573 
1574 static avl_tree_t idx_tree;
1575 static avl_tree_t domain_tree;
1576 static boolean_t fuid_table_loaded;
1577 static boolean_t sa_loaded;
1578 sa_attr_type_t *sa_attr_table;
1579 
1580 static void
1581 fuid_table_destroy()
1582 {
1583 	if (fuid_table_loaded) {
1584 		zfs_fuid_table_destroy(&idx_tree, &domain_tree);
1585 		fuid_table_loaded = B_FALSE;
1586 	}
1587 }
1588 
1589 /*
1590  * print uid or gid information.
1591  * For normal POSIX id just the id is printed in decimal format.
1592  * For CIFS files with FUID the fuid is printed in hex followed by
1593  * the domain-rid string.
1594  */
1595 static void
1596 print_idstr(uint64_t id, const char *id_type)
1597 {
1598 	if (FUID_INDEX(id)) {
1599 		char *domain;
1600 
1601 		domain = zfs_fuid_idx_domain(&idx_tree, FUID_INDEX(id));
1602 		(void) printf("\t%s     %llx [%s-%d]\n", id_type,
1603 		    (u_longlong_t)id, domain, (int)FUID_RID(id));
1604 	} else {
1605 		(void) printf("\t%s     %llu\n", id_type, (u_longlong_t)id);
1606 	}
1607 
1608 }
1609 
1610 static void
1611 dump_uidgid(objset_t *os, uint64_t uid, uint64_t gid)
1612 {
1613 	uint32_t uid_idx, gid_idx;
1614 
1615 	uid_idx = FUID_INDEX(uid);
1616 	gid_idx = FUID_INDEX(gid);
1617 
1618 	/* Load domain table, if not already loaded */
1619 	if (!fuid_table_loaded && (uid_idx || gid_idx)) {
1620 		uint64_t fuid_obj;
1621 
1622 		/* first find the fuid object.  It lives in the master node */
1623 		VERIFY(zap_lookup(os, MASTER_NODE_OBJ, ZFS_FUID_TABLES,
1624 		    8, 1, &fuid_obj) == 0);
1625 		zfs_fuid_avl_tree_create(&idx_tree, &domain_tree);
1626 		(void) zfs_fuid_table_load(os, fuid_obj,
1627 		    &idx_tree, &domain_tree);
1628 		fuid_table_loaded = B_TRUE;
1629 	}
1630 
1631 	print_idstr(uid, "uid");
1632 	print_idstr(gid, "gid");
1633 }
1634 
1635 /*ARGSUSED*/
1636 static void
1637 dump_znode(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1638 {
1639 	char path[MAXPATHLEN * 2];	/* allow for xattr and failure prefix */
1640 	sa_handle_t *hdl;
1641 	uint64_t xattr, rdev, gen;
1642 	uint64_t uid, gid, mode, fsize, parent, links;
1643 	uint64_t pflags;
1644 	uint64_t acctm[2], modtm[2], chgtm[2], crtm[2];
1645 	time_t z_crtime, z_atime, z_mtime, z_ctime;
1646 	sa_bulk_attr_t bulk[12];
1647 	int idx = 0;
1648 	int error;
1649 
1650 	if (!sa_loaded) {
1651 		uint64_t sa_attrs = 0;
1652 		uint64_t version;
1653 
1654 		VERIFY(zap_lookup(os, MASTER_NODE_OBJ, ZPL_VERSION_STR,
1655 		    8, 1, &version) == 0);
1656 		if (version >= ZPL_VERSION_SA) {
1657 			VERIFY(zap_lookup(os, MASTER_NODE_OBJ, ZFS_SA_ATTRS,
1658 			    8, 1, &sa_attrs) == 0);
1659 		}
1660 		if ((error = sa_setup(os, sa_attrs, zfs_attr_table,
1661 		    ZPL_END, &sa_attr_table)) != 0) {
1662 			(void) printf("sa_setup failed errno %d, can't "
1663 			    "display znode contents\n", error);
1664 			return;
1665 		}
1666 		sa_loaded = B_TRUE;
1667 	}
1668 
1669 	if (sa_handle_get(os, object, NULL, SA_HDL_PRIVATE, &hdl)) {
1670 		(void) printf("Failed to get handle for SA znode\n");
1671 		return;
1672 	}
1673 
1674 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_UID], NULL, &uid, 8);
1675 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_GID], NULL, &gid, 8);
1676 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_LINKS], NULL,
1677 	    &links, 8);
1678 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_GEN], NULL, &gen, 8);
1679 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_MODE], NULL,
1680 	    &mode, 8);
1681 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_PARENT],
1682 	    NULL, &parent, 8);
1683 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_SIZE], NULL,
1684 	    &fsize, 8);
1685 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_ATIME], NULL,
1686 	    acctm, 16);
1687 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_MTIME], NULL,
1688 	    modtm, 16);
1689 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_CRTIME], NULL,
1690 	    crtm, 16);
1691 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_CTIME], NULL,
1692 	    chgtm, 16);
1693 	SA_ADD_BULK_ATTR(bulk, idx, sa_attr_table[ZPL_FLAGS], NULL,
1694 	    &pflags, 8);
1695 
1696 	if (sa_bulk_lookup(hdl, bulk, idx)) {
1697 		(void) sa_handle_destroy(hdl);
1698 		return;
1699 	}
1700 
1701 	error = zfs_obj_to_path(os, object, path, sizeof (path));
1702 	if (error != 0) {
1703 		(void) snprintf(path, sizeof (path), "\?\?\?<object#%llu>",
1704 		    (u_longlong_t)object);
1705 	}
1706 	if (dump_opt['d'] < 3) {
1707 		(void) printf("\t%s\n", path);
1708 		(void) sa_handle_destroy(hdl);
1709 		return;
1710 	}
1711 
1712 	z_crtime = (time_t)crtm[0];
1713 	z_atime = (time_t)acctm[0];
1714 	z_mtime = (time_t)modtm[0];
1715 	z_ctime = (time_t)chgtm[0];
1716 
1717 	(void) printf("\tpath	%s\n", path);
1718 	dump_uidgid(os, uid, gid);
1719 	(void) printf("\tatime	%s", ctime(&z_atime));
1720 	(void) printf("\tmtime	%s", ctime(&z_mtime));
1721 	(void) printf("\tctime	%s", ctime(&z_ctime));
1722 	(void) printf("\tcrtime	%s", ctime(&z_crtime));
1723 	(void) printf("\tgen	%llu\n", (u_longlong_t)gen);
1724 	(void) printf("\tmode	%llo\n", (u_longlong_t)mode);
1725 	(void) printf("\tsize	%llu\n", (u_longlong_t)fsize);
1726 	(void) printf("\tparent	%llu\n", (u_longlong_t)parent);
1727 	(void) printf("\tlinks	%llu\n", (u_longlong_t)links);
1728 	(void) printf("\tpflags	%llx\n", (u_longlong_t)pflags);
1729 	if (sa_lookup(hdl, sa_attr_table[ZPL_XATTR], &xattr,
1730 	    sizeof (uint64_t)) == 0)
1731 		(void) printf("\txattr	%llu\n", (u_longlong_t)xattr);
1732 	if (sa_lookup(hdl, sa_attr_table[ZPL_RDEV], &rdev,
1733 	    sizeof (uint64_t)) == 0)
1734 		(void) printf("\trdev	0x%016llx\n", (u_longlong_t)rdev);
1735 	sa_handle_destroy(hdl);
1736 }
1737 
1738 /*ARGSUSED*/
1739 static void
1740 dump_acl(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1741 {
1742 }
1743 
1744 /*ARGSUSED*/
1745 static void
1746 dump_dmu_objset(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, void *data, size_t size)
1747 {
1748 }
1749 
1750 static object_viewer_t *object_viewer[DMU_OT_NUMTYPES + 1] = {
1751 	dump_none,		/* unallocated			*/
1752 	dump_zap,		/* object directory		*/
1753 	dump_uint64,		/* object array			*/
1754 	dump_none,		/* packed nvlist		*/
1755 	dump_packed_nvlist,	/* packed nvlist size		*/
1756 	dump_none,		/* bpobj			*/
1757 	dump_bpobj,		/* bpobj header			*/
1758 	dump_none,		/* SPA space map header		*/
1759 	dump_none,		/* SPA space map		*/
1760 	dump_none,		/* ZIL intent log		*/
1761 	dump_dnode,		/* DMU dnode			*/
1762 	dump_dmu_objset,	/* DMU objset			*/
1763 	dump_dsl_dir,		/* DSL directory		*/
1764 	dump_zap,		/* DSL directory child map	*/
1765 	dump_zap,		/* DSL dataset snap map		*/
1766 	dump_zap,		/* DSL props			*/
1767 	dump_dsl_dataset,	/* DSL dataset			*/
1768 	dump_znode,		/* ZFS znode			*/
1769 	dump_acl,		/* ZFS V0 ACL			*/
1770 	dump_uint8,		/* ZFS plain file		*/
1771 	dump_zpldir,		/* ZFS directory		*/
1772 	dump_zap,		/* ZFS master node		*/
1773 	dump_zap,		/* ZFS delete queue		*/
1774 	dump_uint8,		/* zvol object			*/
1775 	dump_zap,		/* zvol prop			*/
1776 	dump_uint8,		/* other uint8[]		*/
1777 	dump_uint64,		/* other uint64[]		*/
1778 	dump_zap,		/* other ZAP			*/
1779 	dump_zap,		/* persistent error log		*/
1780 	dump_uint8,		/* SPA history			*/
1781 	dump_history_offsets,	/* SPA history offsets		*/
1782 	dump_zap,		/* Pool properties		*/
1783 	dump_zap,		/* DSL permissions		*/
1784 	dump_acl,		/* ZFS ACL			*/
1785 	dump_uint8,		/* ZFS SYSACL			*/
1786 	dump_none,		/* FUID nvlist			*/
1787 	dump_packed_nvlist,	/* FUID nvlist size		*/
1788 	dump_zap,		/* DSL dataset next clones	*/
1789 	dump_zap,		/* DSL scrub queue		*/
1790 	dump_zap,		/* ZFS user/group used		*/
1791 	dump_zap,		/* ZFS user/group quota		*/
1792 	dump_zap,		/* snapshot refcount tags	*/
1793 	dump_ddt_zap,		/* DDT ZAP object		*/
1794 	dump_zap,		/* DDT statistics		*/
1795 	dump_znode,		/* SA object			*/
1796 	dump_zap,		/* SA Master Node		*/
1797 	dump_sa_attrs,		/* SA attribute registration	*/
1798 	dump_sa_layouts,	/* SA attribute layouts		*/
1799 	dump_zap,		/* DSL scrub translations	*/
1800 	dump_none,		/* fake dedup BP		*/
1801 	dump_zap,		/* deadlist			*/
1802 	dump_none,		/* deadlist hdr			*/
1803 	dump_zap,		/* dsl clones			*/
1804 	dump_bpobj_subobjs,	/* bpobj subobjs		*/
1805 	dump_unknown,		/* Unknown type, must be last	*/
1806 };
1807 
1808 static void
1809 dump_object(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, int verbosity, int *print_header)
1810 {
1811 	dmu_buf_t *db = NULL;
1812 	dmu_object_info_t doi;
1813 	dnode_t *dn;
1814 	void *bonus = NULL;
1815 	size_t bsize = 0;
1816 	char iblk[32], dblk[32], lsize[32], asize[32], fill[32];
1817 	char bonus_size[32];
1818 	char aux[50];
1819 	int error;
1820 
1821 	if (*print_header) {
1822 		(void) printf("\n%10s  %3s  %5s  %5s  %5s  %5s  %6s  %s\n",
1823 		    "Object", "lvl", "iblk", "dblk", "dsize", "lsize",
1824 		    "%full", "type");
1825 		*print_header = 0;
1826 	}
1827 
1828 	if (object == 0) {
1829 		dn = DMU_META_DNODE(os);
1830 	} else {
1831 		error = dmu_bonus_hold(os, object, FTAG, &db);
1832 		if (error)
1833 			fatal("dmu_bonus_hold(%llu) failed, errno %u",
1834 			    object, error);
1835 		bonus = db->db_data;
1836 		bsize = db->db_size;
1837 		dn = DB_DNODE((dmu_buf_impl_t *)db);
1838 	}
1839 	dmu_object_info_from_dnode(dn, &doi);
1840 
1841 	zdb_nicenum(doi.doi_metadata_block_size, iblk);
1842 	zdb_nicenum(doi.doi_data_block_size, dblk);
1843 	zdb_nicenum(doi.doi_max_offset, lsize);
1844 	zdb_nicenum(doi.doi_physical_blocks_512 << 9, asize);
1845 	zdb_nicenum(doi.doi_bonus_size, bonus_size);
1846 	(void) sprintf(fill, "%6.2f", 100.0 * doi.doi_fill_count *
1847 	    doi.doi_data_block_size / (object == 0 ? DNODES_PER_BLOCK : 1) /
1848 	    doi.doi_max_offset);
1849 
1850 	aux[0] = '\0';
1851 
1852 	if (doi.doi_checksum != ZIO_CHECKSUM_INHERIT || verbosity >= 6) {
1853 		(void) snprintf(aux + strlen(aux), sizeof (aux), " (K=%s)",
1854 		    ZDB_CHECKSUM_NAME(doi.doi_checksum));
1855 	}
1856 
1857 	if (doi.doi_compress != ZIO_COMPRESS_INHERIT || verbosity >= 6) {
1858 		(void) snprintf(aux + strlen(aux), sizeof (aux), " (Z=%s)",
1859 		    ZDB_COMPRESS_NAME(doi.doi_compress));
1860 	}
1861 
1862 	(void) printf("%10lld  %3u  %5s  %5s  %5s  %5s  %6s  %s%s\n",
1863 	    (u_longlong_t)object, doi.doi_indirection, iblk, dblk,
1864 	    asize, lsize, fill, ZDB_OT_NAME(doi.doi_type), aux);
1865 
1866 	if (doi.doi_bonus_type != DMU_OT_NONE && verbosity > 3) {
1867 		(void) printf("%10s  %3s  %5s  %5s  %5s  %5s  %6s  %s\n",
1868 		    "", "", "", "", "", bonus_size, "bonus",
1869 		    ZDB_OT_NAME(doi.doi_bonus_type));
1870 	}
1871 
1872 	if (verbosity >= 4) {
1873 		(void) printf("\tdnode flags: %s%s%s\n",
1874 		    (dn->dn_phys->dn_flags & DNODE_FLAG_USED_BYTES) ?
1875 		    "USED_BYTES " : "",
1876 		    (dn->dn_phys->dn_flags & DNODE_FLAG_USERUSED_ACCOUNTED) ?
1877 		    "USERUSED_ACCOUNTED " : "",
1878 		    (dn->dn_phys->dn_flags & DNODE_FLAG_SPILL_BLKPTR) ?
1879 		    "SPILL_BLKPTR" : "");
1880 		(void) printf("\tdnode maxblkid: %llu\n",
1881 		    (longlong_t)dn->dn_phys->dn_maxblkid);
1882 
1883 		object_viewer[ZDB_OT_TYPE(doi.doi_bonus_type)](os, object,
1884 		    bonus, bsize);
1885 		object_viewer[ZDB_OT_TYPE(doi.doi_type)](os, object, NULL, 0);
1886 		*print_header = 1;
1887 	}
1888 
1889 	if (verbosity >= 5)
1890 		dump_indirect(dn);
1891 
1892 	if (verbosity >= 5) {
1893 		/*
1894 		 * Report the list of segments that comprise the object.
1895 		 */
1896 		uint64_t start = 0;
1897 		uint64_t end;
1898 		uint64_t blkfill = 1;
1899 		int minlvl = 1;
1900 
1901 		if (dn->dn_type == DMU_OT_DNODE) {
1902 			minlvl = 0;
1903 			blkfill = DNODES_PER_BLOCK;
1904 		}
1905 
1906 		for (;;) {
1907 			char segsize[32];
1908 			error = dnode_next_offset(dn,
1909 			    0, &start, minlvl, blkfill, 0);
1910 			if (error)
1911 				break;
1912 			end = start;
1913 			error = dnode_next_offset(dn,
1914 			    DNODE_FIND_HOLE, &end, minlvl, blkfill, 0);
1915 			zdb_nicenum(end - start, segsize);
1916 			(void) printf("\t\tsegment [%016llx, %016llx)"
1917 			    " size %5s\n", (u_longlong_t)start,
1918 			    (u_longlong_t)end, segsize);
1919 			if (error)
1920 				break;
1921 			start = end;
1922 		}
1923 	}
1924 
1925 	if (db != NULL)
1926 		dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
1927 }
1928 
1929 static char *objset_types[DMU_OST_NUMTYPES] = {
1930 	"NONE", "META", "ZPL", "ZVOL", "OTHER", "ANY" };
1931 
1932 static void
1933 dump_dir(objset_t *os)
1934 {
1935 	dmu_objset_stats_t dds;
1936 	uint64_t object, object_count;
1937 	uint64_t refdbytes, usedobjs, scratch;
1938 	char numbuf[32];
1939 	char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN + 20];
1940 	char osname[ZFS_MAX_DATASET_NAME_LEN];
1941 	char *type = "UNKNOWN";
1942 	int verbosity = dump_opt['d'];
1943 	int print_header = 1;
1944 	int i, error;
1945 
1946 	dsl_pool_config_enter(dmu_objset_pool(os), FTAG);
1947 	dmu_objset_fast_stat(os, &dds);
1948 	dsl_pool_config_exit(dmu_objset_pool(os), FTAG);
1949 
1950 	if (dds.dds_type < DMU_OST_NUMTYPES)
1951 		type = objset_types[dds.dds_type];
1952 
1953 	if (dds.dds_type == DMU_OST_META) {
1954 		dds.dds_creation_txg = TXG_INITIAL;
1955 		usedobjs = BP_GET_FILL(os->os_rootbp);
1956 		refdbytes = dsl_dir_phys(os->os_spa->spa_dsl_pool->dp_mos_dir)->
1957 		    dd_used_bytes;
1958 	} else {
1959 		dmu_objset_space(os, &refdbytes, &scratch, &usedobjs, &scratch);
1960 	}
1961 
1962 	ASSERT3U(usedobjs, ==, BP_GET_FILL(os->os_rootbp));
1963 
1964 	zdb_nicenum(refdbytes, numbuf);
1965 
1966 	if (verbosity >= 4) {
1967 		(void) snprintf(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), ", rootbp ");
1968 		(void) snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf + strlen(blkbuf),
1969 		    sizeof (blkbuf) - strlen(blkbuf), os->os_rootbp);
1970 	} else {
1971 		blkbuf[0] = '\0';
1972 	}
1973 
1974 	dmu_objset_name(os, osname);
1975 
1976 	(void) printf("Dataset %s [%s], ID %llu, cr_txg %llu, "
1977 	    "%s, %llu objects%s\n",
1978 	    osname, type, (u_longlong_t)dmu_objset_id(os),
1979 	    (u_longlong_t)dds.dds_creation_txg,
1980 	    numbuf, (u_longlong_t)usedobjs, blkbuf);
1981 
1982 	if (zopt_objects != 0) {
1983 		for (i = 0; i < zopt_objects; i++)
1984 			dump_object(os, zopt_object[i], verbosity,
1985 			    &print_header);
1986 		(void) printf("\n");
1987 		return;
1988 	}
1989 
1990 	if (dump_opt['i'] != 0 || verbosity >= 2)
1991 		dump_intent_log(dmu_objset_zil(os));
1992 
1993 	if (dmu_objset_ds(os) != NULL)
1994 		dump_deadlist(&dmu_objset_ds(os)->ds_deadlist);
1995 
1996 	if (verbosity < 2)
1997 		return;
1998 
1999 	if (BP_IS_HOLE(os->os_rootbp))
2000 		return;
2001 
2002 	dump_object(os, 0, verbosity, &print_header);
2003 	object_count = 0;
2004 	if (DMU_USERUSED_DNODE(os) != NULL &&
2005 	    DMU_USERUSED_DNODE(os)->dn_type != 0) {
2006 		dump_object(os, DMU_USERUSED_OBJECT, verbosity, &print_header);
2007 		dump_object(os, DMU_GROUPUSED_OBJECT, verbosity, &print_header);
2008 	}
2009 
2010 	object = 0;
2011 	while ((error = dmu_object_next(os, &object, B_FALSE, 0)) == 0) {
2012 		dump_object(os, object, verbosity, &print_header);
2013 		object_count++;
2014 	}
2015 
2016 	ASSERT3U(object_count, ==, usedobjs);
2017 
2018 	(void) printf("\n");
2019 
2020 	if (error != ESRCH) {
2021 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "dmu_object_next() = %d\n", error);
2022 		abort();
2023 	}
2024 }
2025 
2026 static void
2027 dump_uberblock(uberblock_t *ub, const char *header, const char *footer)
2028 {
2029 	time_t timestamp = ub->ub_timestamp;
2030 
2031 	(void) printf(header ? header : "");
2032 	(void) printf("\tmagic = %016llx\n", (u_longlong_t)ub->ub_magic);
2033 	(void) printf("\tversion = %llu\n", (u_longlong_t)ub->ub_version);
2034 	(void) printf("\ttxg = %llu\n", (u_longlong_t)ub->ub_txg);
2035 	(void) printf("\tguid_sum = %llu\n", (u_longlong_t)ub->ub_guid_sum);
2036 	(void) printf("\ttimestamp = %llu UTC = %s",
2037 	    (u_longlong_t)ub->ub_timestamp, asctime(localtime(&timestamp)));
2038 	if (dump_opt['u'] >= 3) {
2039 		char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
2040 		snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), &ub->ub_rootbp);
2041 		(void) printf("\trootbp = %s\n", blkbuf);
2042 	}
2043 	(void) printf(footer ? footer : "");
2044 }
2045 
2046 static void
2047 dump_config(spa_t *spa)
2048 {
2049 	dmu_buf_t *db;
2050 	size_t nvsize = 0;
2051 	int error = 0;
2052 
2053 
2054 	error = dmu_bonus_hold(spa->spa_meta_objset,
2055 	    spa->spa_config_object, FTAG, &db);
2056 
2057 	if (error == 0) {
2058 		nvsize = *(uint64_t *)db->db_data;
2059 		dmu_buf_rele(db, FTAG);
2060 
2061 		(void) printf("\nMOS Configuration:\n");
2062 		dump_packed_nvlist(spa->spa_meta_objset,
2063 		    spa->spa_config_object, (void *)&nvsize, 1);
2064 	} else {
2065 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "dmu_bonus_hold(%llu) failed, errno %d",
2066 		    (u_longlong_t)spa->spa_config_object, error);
2067 	}
2068 }
2069 
2070 static void
2071 dump_cachefile(const char *cachefile)
2072 {
2073 	int fd;
2074 	struct stat64 statbuf;
2075 	char *buf;
2076 	nvlist_t *config;
2077 
2078 	if ((fd = open64(cachefile, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
2079 		(void) printf("cannot open '%s': %s\n", cachefile,
2080 		    strerror(errno));
2081 		exit(1);
2082 	}
2083 
2084 	if (fstat64(fd, &statbuf) != 0) {
2085 		(void) printf("failed to stat '%s': %s\n", cachefile,
2086 		    strerror(errno));
2087 		exit(1);
2088 	}
2089 
2090 	if ((buf = malloc(statbuf.st_size)) == NULL) {
2091 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "failed to allocate %llu bytes\n",
2092 		    (u_longlong_t)statbuf.st_size);
2093 		exit(1);
2094 	}
2095 
2096 	if (read(fd, buf, statbuf.st_size) != statbuf.st_size) {
2097 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "failed to read %llu bytes\n",
2098 		    (u_longlong_t)statbuf.st_size);
2099 		exit(1);
2100 	}
2101 
2102 	(void) close(fd);
2103 
2104 	if (nvlist_unpack(buf, statbuf.st_size, &config, 0) != 0) {
2105 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "failed to unpack nvlist\n");
2106 		exit(1);
2107 	}
2108 
2109 	free(buf);
2110 
2111 	dump_nvlist(config, 0);
2112 
2113 	nvlist_free(config);
2114 }
2115 
2116 #define	ZDB_MAX_UB_HEADER_SIZE 32
2117 
2118 static void
2119 dump_label_uberblocks(vdev_label_t *lbl, uint64_t ashift)
2120 {
2121 	vdev_t vd;
2122 	vdev_t *vdp = &vd;
2123 	char header[ZDB_MAX_UB_HEADER_SIZE];
2124 
2125 	vd.vdev_ashift = ashift;
2126 	vdp->vdev_top = vdp;
2127 
2128 	for (int i = 0; i < VDEV_UBERBLOCK_COUNT(vdp); i++) {
2129 		uint64_t uoff = VDEV_UBERBLOCK_OFFSET(vdp, i);
2130 		uberblock_t *ub = (void *)((char *)lbl + uoff);
2131 
2132 		if (uberblock_verify(ub))
2133 			continue;
2134 		(void) snprintf(header, ZDB_MAX_UB_HEADER_SIZE,
2135 		    "Uberblock[%d]\n", i);
2136 		dump_uberblock(ub, header, "");
2137 	}
2138 }
2139 
2140 static void
2141 dump_label(const char *dev)
2142 {
2143 	int fd;
2144 	vdev_label_t label;
2145 	char *path, *buf = label.vl_vdev_phys.vp_nvlist;
2146 	size_t buflen = sizeof (label.vl_vdev_phys.vp_nvlist);
2147 	struct stat64 statbuf;
2148 	uint64_t psize, ashift;
2149 	int len = strlen(dev) + 1;
2150 
2151 	if (strncmp(dev, ZFS_DISK_ROOTD, strlen(ZFS_DISK_ROOTD)) == 0) {
2152 		len++;
2153 		path = malloc(len);
2154 		(void) snprintf(path, len, "%s%s", ZFS_RDISK_ROOTD,
2155 		    dev + strlen(ZFS_DISK_ROOTD));
2156 	} else {
2157 		path = strdup(dev);
2158 	}
2159 
2160 	if ((fd = open64(path, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
2161 		(void) printf("cannot open '%s': %s\n", path, strerror(errno));
2162 		free(path);
2163 		exit(1);
2164 	}
2165 
2166 	if (fstat64(fd, &statbuf) != 0) {
2167 		(void) printf("failed to stat '%s': %s\n", path,
2168 		    strerror(errno));
2169 		free(path);
2170 		(void) close(fd);
2171 		exit(1);
2172 	}
2173 
2174 	if (S_ISBLK(statbuf.st_mode)) {
2175 		(void) printf("cannot use '%s': character device required\n",
2176 		    path);
2177 		free(path);
2178 		(void) close(fd);
2179 		exit(1);
2180 	}
2181 
2182 	psize = statbuf.st_size;
2183 	psize = P2ALIGN(psize, (uint64_t)sizeof (vdev_label_t));
2184 
2185 	for (int l = 0; l < VDEV_LABELS; l++) {
2186 		nvlist_t *config = NULL;
2187 
2188 		(void) printf("--------------------------------------------\n");
2189 		(void) printf("LABEL %d\n", l);
2190 		(void) printf("--------------------------------------------\n");
2191 
2192 		if (pread64(fd, &label, sizeof (label),
2193 		    vdev_label_offset(psize, l, 0)) != sizeof (label)) {
2194 			(void) printf("failed to read label %d\n", l);
2195 			continue;
2196 		}
2197 
2198 		if (nvlist_unpack(buf, buflen, &config, 0) != 0) {
2199 			(void) printf("failed to unpack label %d\n", l);
2200 			ashift = SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT;
2201 		} else {
2202 			nvlist_t *vdev_tree = NULL;
2203 
2204 			dump_nvlist(config, 4);
2205 			if ((nvlist_lookup_nvlist(config,
2206 			    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE, &vdev_tree) != 0) ||
2207 			    (nvlist_lookup_uint64(vdev_tree,
2208 			    ZPOOL_CONFIG_ASHIFT, &ashift) != 0))
2209 				ashift = SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT;
2210 			nvlist_free(config);
2211 		}
2212 		if (dump_opt['u'])
2213 			dump_label_uberblocks(&label, ashift);
2214 	}
2215 
2216 	free(path);
2217 	(void) close(fd);
2218 }
2219 
2220 static uint64_t dataset_feature_count[SPA_FEATURES];
2221 
2222 /*ARGSUSED*/
2223 static int
2224 dump_one_dir(const char *dsname, void *arg)
2225 {
2226 	int error;
2227 	objset_t *os;
2228 
2229 	error = dmu_objset_own(dsname, DMU_OST_ANY, B_TRUE, FTAG, &os);
2230 	if (error) {
2231 		(void) printf("Could not open %s, error %d\n", dsname, error);
2232 		return (0);
2233 	}
2234 
2235 	for (spa_feature_t f = 0; f < SPA_FEATURES; f++) {
2236 		if (!dmu_objset_ds(os)->ds_feature_inuse[f])
2237 			continue;
2238 		ASSERT(spa_feature_table[f].fi_flags &
2239 		    ZFEATURE_FLAG_PER_DATASET);
2240 		dataset_feature_count[f]++;
2241 	}
2242 
2243 	dump_dir(os);
2244 	dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG);
2245 	fuid_table_destroy();
2246 	sa_loaded = B_FALSE;
2247 	return (0);
2248 }
2249 
2250 /*
2251  * Block statistics.
2252  */
2253 #define	PSIZE_HISTO_SIZE (SPA_OLD_MAXBLOCKSIZE / SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE + 2)
2254 typedef struct zdb_blkstats {
2255 	uint64_t zb_asize;
2256 	uint64_t zb_lsize;
2257 	uint64_t zb_psize;
2258 	uint64_t zb_count;
2259 	uint64_t zb_gangs;
2260 	uint64_t zb_ditto_samevdev;
2261 	uint64_t zb_psize_histogram[PSIZE_HISTO_SIZE];
2262 } zdb_blkstats_t;
2263 
2264 /*
2265  * Extended object types to report deferred frees and dedup auto-ditto blocks.
2266  */
2267 #define	ZDB_OT_DEFERRED	(DMU_OT_NUMTYPES + 0)
2268 #define	ZDB_OT_DITTO	(DMU_OT_NUMTYPES + 1)
2269 #define	ZDB_OT_OTHER	(DMU_OT_NUMTYPES + 2)
2270 #define	ZDB_OT_TOTAL	(DMU_OT_NUMTYPES + 3)
2271 
2272 static char *zdb_ot_extname[] = {
2273 	"deferred free",
2274 	"dedup ditto",
2275 	"other",
2276 	"Total",
2277 };
2278 
2279 #define	ZB_TOTAL	DN_MAX_LEVELS
2280 
2281 typedef struct zdb_cb {
2282 	zdb_blkstats_t	zcb_type[ZB_TOTAL + 1][ZDB_OT_TOTAL + 1];
2283 	uint64_t	zcb_dedup_asize;
2284 	uint64_t	zcb_dedup_blocks;
2285 	uint64_t	zcb_embedded_blocks[NUM_BP_EMBEDDED_TYPES];
2286 	uint64_t	zcb_embedded_histogram[NUM_BP_EMBEDDED_TYPES]
2287 	    [BPE_PAYLOAD_SIZE];
2288 	uint64_t	zcb_start;
2289 	uint64_t	zcb_lastprint;
2290 	uint64_t	zcb_totalasize;
2291 	uint64_t	zcb_errors[256];
2292 	int		zcb_readfails;
2293 	int		zcb_haderrors;
2294 	spa_t		*zcb_spa;
2295 } zdb_cb_t;
2296 
2297 static void
2298 zdb_count_block(zdb_cb_t *zcb, zilog_t *zilog, const blkptr_t *bp,
2299     dmu_object_type_t type)
2300 {
2301 	uint64_t refcnt = 0;
2302 
2303 	ASSERT(type < ZDB_OT_TOTAL);
2304 
2305 	if (zilog && zil_bp_tree_add(zilog, bp) != 0)
2306 		return;
2307 
2308 	for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
2309 		int l = (i < 2) ? BP_GET_LEVEL(bp) : ZB_TOTAL;
2310 		int t = (i & 1) ? type : ZDB_OT_TOTAL;
2311 		int equal;
2312 		zdb_blkstats_t *zb = &zcb->zcb_type[l][t];
2313 
2314 		zb->zb_asize += BP_GET_ASIZE(bp);
2315 		zb->zb_lsize += BP_GET_LSIZE(bp);
2316 		zb->zb_psize += BP_GET_PSIZE(bp);
2317 		zb->zb_count++;
2318 
2319 		/*
2320 		 * The histogram is only big enough to record blocks up to
2321 		 * SPA_OLD_MAXBLOCKSIZE; larger blocks go into the last,
2322 		 * "other", bucket.
2323 		 */
2324 		int idx = BP_GET_PSIZE(bp) >> SPA_MINBLOCKSHIFT;
2325 		idx = MIN(idx, SPA_OLD_MAXBLOCKSIZE / SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE + 1);
2326 		zb->zb_psize_histogram[idx]++;
2327 
2328 		zb->zb_gangs += BP_COUNT_GANG(bp);
2329 
2330 		switch (BP_GET_NDVAS(bp)) {
2331 		case 2:
2332 			if (DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[0]) ==
2333 			    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[1]))
2334 				zb->zb_ditto_samevdev++;
2335 			break;
2336 		case 3:
2337 			equal = (DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[0]) ==
2338 			    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[1])) +
2339 			    (DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[0]) ==
2340 			    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[2])) +
2341 			    (DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[1]) ==
2342 			    DVA_GET_VDEV(&bp->blk_dva[2]));
2343 			if (equal != 0)
2344 				zb->zb_ditto_samevdev++;
2345 			break;
2346 		}
2347 
2348 	}
2349 
2350 	if (BP_IS_EMBEDDED(bp)) {
2351 		zcb->zcb_embedded_blocks[BPE_GET_ETYPE(bp)]++;
2352 		zcb->zcb_embedded_histogram[BPE_GET_ETYPE(bp)]
2353 		    [BPE_GET_PSIZE(bp)]++;
2354 		return;
2355 	}
2356 
2357 	if (dump_opt['L'])
2358 		return;
2359 
2360 	if (BP_GET_DEDUP(bp)) {
2361 		ddt_t *ddt;
2362 		ddt_entry_t *dde;
2363 
2364 		ddt = ddt_select(zcb->zcb_spa, bp);
2365 		ddt_enter(ddt);
2366 		dde = ddt_lookup(ddt, bp, B_FALSE);
2367 
2368 		if (dde == NULL) {
2369 			refcnt = 0;
2370 		} else {
2371 			ddt_phys_t *ddp = ddt_phys_select(dde, bp);
2372 			ddt_phys_decref(ddp);
2373 			refcnt = ddp->ddp_refcnt;
2374 			if (ddt_phys_total_refcnt(dde) == 0)
2375 				ddt_remove(ddt, dde);
2376 		}
2377 		ddt_exit(ddt);
2378 	}
2379 
2380 	VERIFY3U(zio_wait(zio_claim(NULL, zcb->zcb_spa,
2381 	    refcnt ? 0 : spa_first_txg(zcb->zcb_spa),
2382 	    bp, NULL, NULL, ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL)), ==, 0);
2383 }
2384 
2385 static void
2386 zdb_blkptr_done(zio_t *zio)
2387 {
2388 	spa_t *spa = zio->io_spa;
2389 	blkptr_t *bp = zio->io_bp;
2390 	int ioerr = zio->io_error;
2391 	zdb_cb_t *zcb = zio->io_private;
2392 	zbookmark_phys_t *zb = &zio->io_bookmark;
2393 
2394 	zio_data_buf_free(zio->io_data, zio->io_size);
2395 
2396 	mutex_enter(&spa->spa_scrub_lock);
2397 	spa->spa_scrub_inflight--;
2398 	cv_broadcast(&spa->spa_scrub_io_cv);
2399 
2400 	if (ioerr && !(zio->io_flags & ZIO_FLAG_SPECULATIVE)) {
2401 		char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
2402 
2403 		zcb->zcb_haderrors = 1;
2404 		zcb->zcb_errors[ioerr]++;
2405 
2406 		if (dump_opt['b'] >= 2)
2407 			snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp);
2408 		else
2409 			blkbuf[0] = '\0';
2410 
2411 		(void) printf("zdb_blkptr_cb: "
2412 		    "Got error %d reading "
2413 		    "<%llu, %llu, %lld, %llx> %s -- skipping\n",
2414 		    ioerr,
2415 		    (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_objset,
2416 		    (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_object,
2417 		    (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_level,
2418 		    (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_blkid,
2419 		    blkbuf);
2420 	}
2421 	mutex_exit(&spa->spa_scrub_lock);
2422 }
2423 
2424 static int
2425 zdb_blkptr_cb(spa_t *spa, zilog_t *zilog, const blkptr_t *bp,
2426     const zbookmark_phys_t *zb, const dnode_phys_t *dnp, void *arg)
2427 {
2428 	zdb_cb_t *zcb = arg;
2429 	dmu_object_type_t type;
2430 	boolean_t is_metadata;
2431 
2432 	if (bp == NULL)
2433 		return (0);
2434 
2435 	if (dump_opt['b'] >= 5 && bp->blk_birth > 0) {
2436 		char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
2437 		snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp);
2438 		(void) printf("objset %llu object %llu "
2439 		    "level %lld offset 0x%llx %s\n",
2440 		    (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_objset,
2441 		    (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_object,
2442 		    (longlong_t)zb->zb_level,
2443 		    (u_longlong_t)blkid2offset(dnp, bp, zb),
2444 		    blkbuf);
2445 	}
2446 
2447 	if (BP_IS_HOLE(bp))
2448 		return (0);
2449 
2450 	type = BP_GET_TYPE(bp);
2451 
2452 	zdb_count_block(zcb, zilog, bp,
2453 	    (type & DMU_OT_NEWTYPE) ? ZDB_OT_OTHER : type);
2454 
2455 	is_metadata = (BP_GET_LEVEL(bp) != 0 || DMU_OT_IS_METADATA(type));
2456 
2457 	if (!BP_IS_EMBEDDED(bp) &&
2458 	    (dump_opt['c'] > 1 || (dump_opt['c'] && is_metadata))) {
2459 		size_t size = BP_GET_PSIZE(bp);
2460 		void *data = zio_data_buf_alloc(size);
2461 		int flags = ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_SCRUB | ZIO_FLAG_RAW;
2462 
2463 		/* If it's an intent log block, failure is expected. */
2464 		if (zb->zb_level == ZB_ZIL_LEVEL)
2465 			flags |= ZIO_FLAG_SPECULATIVE;
2466 
2467 		mutex_enter(&spa->spa_scrub_lock);
2468 		while (spa->spa_scrub_inflight > max_inflight)
2469 			cv_wait(&spa->spa_scrub_io_cv, &spa->spa_scrub_lock);
2470 		spa->spa_scrub_inflight++;
2471 		mutex_exit(&spa->spa_scrub_lock);
2472 
2473 		zio_nowait(zio_read(NULL, spa, bp, data, size,
2474 		    zdb_blkptr_done, zcb, ZIO_PRIORITY_ASYNC_READ, flags, zb));
2475 	}
2476 
2477 	zcb->zcb_readfails = 0;
2478 
2479 	/* only call gethrtime() every 100 blocks */
2480 	static int iters;
2481 	if (++iters > 100)
2482 		iters = 0;
2483 	else
2484 		return (0);
2485 
2486 	if (dump_opt['b'] < 5 && gethrtime() > zcb->zcb_lastprint + NANOSEC) {
2487 		uint64_t now = gethrtime();
2488 		char buf[10];
2489 		uint64_t bytes = zcb->zcb_type[ZB_TOTAL][ZDB_OT_TOTAL].zb_asize;
2490 		int kb_per_sec =
2491 		    1 + bytes / (1 + ((now - zcb->zcb_start) / 1000 / 1000));
2492 		int sec_remaining =
2493 		    (zcb->zcb_totalasize - bytes) / 1024 / kb_per_sec;
2494 
2495 		zfs_nicenum(bytes, buf, sizeof (buf));
2496 		(void) fprintf(stderr,
2497 		    "\r%5s completed (%4dMB/s) "
2498 		    "estimated time remaining: %uhr %02umin %02usec        ",
2499 		    buf, kb_per_sec / 1024,
2500 		    sec_remaining / 60 / 60,
2501 		    sec_remaining / 60 % 60,
2502 		    sec_remaining % 60);
2503 
2504 		zcb->zcb_lastprint = now;
2505 	}
2506 
2507 	return (0);
2508 }
2509 
2510 static void
2511 zdb_leak(void *arg, uint64_t start, uint64_t size)
2512 {
2513 	vdev_t *vd = arg;
2514 
2515 	(void) printf("leaked space: vdev %llu, offset 0x%llx, size %llu\n",
2516 	    (u_longlong_t)vd->vdev_id, (u_longlong_t)start, (u_longlong_t)size);
2517 }
2518 
2519 static metaslab_ops_t zdb_metaslab_ops = {
2520 	NULL	/* alloc */
2521 };
2522 
2523 static void
2524 zdb_ddt_leak_init(spa_t *spa, zdb_cb_t *zcb)
2525 {
2526 	ddt_bookmark_t ddb = { 0 };
2527 	ddt_entry_t dde;
2528 	int error;
2529 
2530 	while ((error = ddt_walk(spa, &ddb, &dde)) == 0) {
2531 		blkptr_t blk;
2532 		ddt_phys_t *ddp = dde.dde_phys;
2533 
2534 		if (ddb.ddb_class == DDT_CLASS_UNIQUE)
2535 			return;
2536 
2537 		ASSERT(ddt_phys_total_refcnt(&dde) > 1);
2538 
2539 		for (int p = 0; p < DDT_PHYS_TYPES; p++, ddp++) {
2540 			if (ddp->ddp_phys_birth == 0)
2541 				continue;
2542 			ddt_bp_create(ddb.ddb_checksum,
2543 			    &dde.dde_key, ddp, &blk);
2544 			if (p == DDT_PHYS_DITTO) {
2545 				zdb_count_block(zcb, NULL, &blk, ZDB_OT_DITTO);
2546 			} else {
2547 				zcb->zcb_dedup_asize +=
2548 				    BP_GET_ASIZE(&blk) * (ddp->ddp_refcnt - 1);
2549 				zcb->zcb_dedup_blocks++;
2550 			}
2551 		}
2552 		if (!dump_opt['L']) {
2553 			ddt_t *ddt = spa->spa_ddt[ddb.ddb_checksum];
2554 			ddt_enter(ddt);
2555 			VERIFY(ddt_lookup(ddt, &blk, B_TRUE) != NULL);
2556 			ddt_exit(ddt);
2557 		}
2558 	}
2559 
2560 	ASSERT(error == ENOENT);
2561 }
2562 
2563 static void
2564 zdb_leak_init(spa_t *spa, zdb_cb_t *zcb)
2565 {
2566 	zcb->zcb_spa = spa;
2567 
2568 	if (!dump_opt['L']) {
2569 		vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
2570 		for (uint64_t c = 0; c < rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
2571 			vdev_t *vd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
2572 			for (uint64_t m = 0; m < vd->vdev_ms_count; m++) {
2573 				metaslab_t *msp = vd->vdev_ms[m];
2574 				mutex_enter(&msp->ms_lock);
2575 				metaslab_unload(msp);
2576 
2577 				/*
2578 				 * For leak detection, we overload the metaslab
2579 				 * ms_tree to contain allocated segments
2580 				 * instead of free segments. As a result,
2581 				 * we can't use the normal metaslab_load/unload
2582 				 * interfaces.
2583 				 */
2584 				if (msp->ms_sm != NULL) {
2585 					(void) fprintf(stderr,
2586 					    "\rloading space map for "
2587 					    "vdev %llu of %llu, "
2588 					    "metaslab %llu of %llu ...",
2589 					    (longlong_t)c,
2590 					    (longlong_t)rvd->vdev_children,
2591 					    (longlong_t)m,
2592 					    (longlong_t)vd->vdev_ms_count);
2593 
2594 					msp->ms_ops = &zdb_metaslab_ops;
2595 
2596 					/*
2597 					 * We don't want to spend the CPU
2598 					 * manipulating the size-ordered
2599 					 * tree, so clear the range_tree
2600 					 * ops.
2601 					 */
2602 					msp->ms_tree->rt_ops = NULL;
2603 					VERIFY0(space_map_load(msp->ms_sm,
2604 					    msp->ms_tree, SM_ALLOC));
2605 					msp->ms_loaded = B_TRUE;
2606 				}
2607 				mutex_exit(&msp->ms_lock);
2608 			}
2609 		}
2610 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "\n");
2611 	}
2612 
2613 	spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_CONFIG, FTAG, RW_READER);
2614 
2615 	zdb_ddt_leak_init(spa, zcb);
2616 
2617 	spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_CONFIG, FTAG);
2618 }
2619 
2620 static void
2621 zdb_leak_fini(spa_t *spa)
2622 {
2623 	if (!dump_opt['L']) {
2624 		vdev_t *rvd = spa->spa_root_vdev;
2625 		for (int c = 0; c < rvd->vdev_children; c++) {
2626 			vdev_t *vd = rvd->vdev_child[c];
2627 			for (int m = 0; m < vd->vdev_ms_count; m++) {
2628 				metaslab_t *msp = vd->vdev_ms[m];
2629 				mutex_enter(&msp->ms_lock);
2630 
2631 				/*
2632 				 * The ms_tree has been overloaded to
2633 				 * contain allocated segments. Now that we
2634 				 * finished traversing all blocks, any
2635 				 * block that remains in the ms_tree
2636 				 * represents an allocated block that we
2637 				 * did not claim during the traversal.
2638 				 * Claimed blocks would have been removed
2639 				 * from the ms_tree.
2640 				 */
2641 				range_tree_vacate(msp->ms_tree, zdb_leak, vd);
2642 				msp->ms_loaded = B_FALSE;
2643 
2644 				mutex_exit(&msp->ms_lock);
2645 			}
2646 		}
2647 	}
2648 }
2649 
2650 /* ARGSUSED */
2651 static int
2652 count_block_cb(void *arg, const blkptr_t *bp, dmu_tx_t *tx)
2653 {
2654 	zdb_cb_t *zcb = arg;
2655 
2656 	if (dump_opt['b'] >= 5) {
2657 		char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
2658 		snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp);
2659 		(void) printf("[%s] %s\n",
2660 		    "deferred free", blkbuf);
2661 	}
2662 	zdb_count_block(zcb, NULL, bp, ZDB_OT_DEFERRED);
2663 	return (0);
2664 }
2665 
2666 static int
2667 dump_block_stats(spa_t *spa)
2668 {
2669 	zdb_cb_t zcb = { 0 };
2670 	zdb_blkstats_t *zb, *tzb;
2671 	uint64_t norm_alloc, norm_space, total_alloc, total_found;
2672 	int flags = TRAVERSE_PRE | TRAVERSE_PREFETCH_METADATA | TRAVERSE_HARD;
2673 	boolean_t leaks = B_FALSE;
2674 
2675 	(void) printf("\nTraversing all blocks %s%s%s%s%s...\n\n",
2676 	    (dump_opt['c'] || !dump_opt['L']) ? "to verify " : "",
2677 	    (dump_opt['c'] == 1) ? "metadata " : "",
2678 	    dump_opt['c'] ? "checksums " : "",
2679 	    (dump_opt['c'] && !dump_opt['L']) ? "and verify " : "",
2680 	    !dump_opt['L'] ? "nothing leaked " : "");
2681 
2682 	/*
2683 	 * Load all space maps as SM_ALLOC maps, then traverse the pool
2684 	 * claiming each block we discover.  If the pool is perfectly
2685 	 * consistent, the space maps will be empty when we're done.
2686 	 * Anything left over is a leak; any block we can't claim (because
2687 	 * it's not part of any space map) is a double allocation,
2688 	 * reference to a freed block, or an unclaimed log block.
2689 	 */
2690 	zdb_leak_init(spa, &zcb);
2691 
2692 	/*
2693 	 * If there's a deferred-free bplist, process that first.
2694 	 */
2695 	(void) bpobj_iterate_nofree(&spa->spa_deferred_bpobj,
2696 	    count_block_cb, &zcb, NULL);
2697 	if (spa_version(spa) >= SPA_VERSION_DEADLISTS) {
2698 		(void) bpobj_iterate_nofree(&spa->spa_dsl_pool->dp_free_bpobj,
2699 		    count_block_cb, &zcb, NULL);
2700 	}
2701 	if (spa_feature_is_active(spa, SPA_FEATURE_ASYNC_DESTROY)) {
2702 		VERIFY3U(0, ==, bptree_iterate(spa->spa_meta_objset,
2703 		    spa->spa_dsl_pool->dp_bptree_obj, B_FALSE, count_block_cb,
2704 		    &zcb, NULL));
2705 	}
2706 
2707 	if (dump_opt['c'] > 1)
2708 		flags |= TRAVERSE_PREFETCH_DATA;
2709 
2710 	zcb.zcb_totalasize = metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_normal_class(spa));
2711 	zcb.zcb_start = zcb.zcb_lastprint = gethrtime();
2712 	zcb.zcb_haderrors |= traverse_pool(spa, 0, flags, zdb_blkptr_cb, &zcb);
2713 
2714 	/*
2715 	 * If we've traversed the data blocks then we need to wait for those
2716 	 * I/Os to complete. We leverage "The Godfather" zio to wait on
2717 	 * all async I/Os to complete.
2718 	 */
2719 	if (dump_opt['c']) {
2720 		for (int i = 0; i < max_ncpus; i++) {
2721 			(void) zio_wait(spa->spa_async_zio_root[i]);
2722 			spa->spa_async_zio_root[i] = zio_root(spa, NULL, NULL,
2723 			    ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_SPECULATIVE |
2724 			    ZIO_FLAG_GODFATHER);
2725 		}
2726 	}
2727 
2728 	if (zcb.zcb_haderrors) {
2729 		(void) printf("\nError counts:\n\n");
2730 		(void) printf("\t%5s  %s\n", "errno", "count");
2731 		for (int e = 0; e < 256; e++) {
2732 			if (zcb.zcb_errors[e] != 0) {
2733 				(void) printf("\t%5d  %llu\n",
2734 				    e, (u_longlong_t)zcb.zcb_errors[e]);
2735 			}
2736 		}
2737 	}
2738 
2739 	/*
2740 	 * Report any leaked segments.
2741 	 */
2742 	zdb_leak_fini(spa);
2743 
2744 	tzb = &zcb.zcb_type[ZB_TOTAL][ZDB_OT_TOTAL];
2745 
2746 	norm_alloc = metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_normal_class(spa));
2747 	norm_space = metaslab_class_get_space(spa_normal_class(spa));
2748 
2749 	total_alloc = norm_alloc + metaslab_class_get_alloc(spa_log_class(spa));
2750 	total_found = tzb->zb_asize - zcb.zcb_dedup_asize;
2751 
2752 	if (total_found == total_alloc) {
2753 		if (!dump_opt['L'])
2754 			(void) printf("\n\tNo leaks (block sum matches space"
2755 			    " maps exactly)\n");
2756 	} else {
2757 		(void) printf("block traversal size %llu != alloc %llu "
2758 		    "(%s %lld)\n",
2759 		    (u_longlong_t)total_found,
2760 		    (u_longlong_t)total_alloc,
2761 		    (dump_opt['L']) ? "unreachable" : "leaked",
2762 		    (longlong_t)(total_alloc - total_found));
2763 		leaks = B_TRUE;
2764 	}
2765 
2766 	if (tzb->zb_count == 0)
2767 		return (2);
2768 
2769 	(void) printf("\n");
2770 	(void) printf("\tbp count:      %10llu\n",
2771 	    (u_longlong_t)tzb->zb_count);
2772 	(void) printf("\tganged count:  %10llu\n",
2773 	    (longlong_t)tzb->zb_gangs);
2774 	(void) printf("\tbp logical:    %10llu      avg: %6llu\n",
2775 	    (u_longlong_t)tzb->zb_lsize,
2776 	    (u_longlong_t)(tzb->zb_lsize / tzb->zb_count));
2777 	(void) printf("\tbp physical:   %10llu      avg:"
2778 	    " %6llu     compression: %6.2f\n",
2779 	    (u_longlong_t)tzb->zb_psize,
2780 	    (u_longlong_t)(tzb->zb_psize / tzb->zb_count),
2781 	    (double)tzb->zb_lsize / tzb->zb_psize);
2782 	(void) printf("\tbp allocated:  %10llu      avg:"
2783 	    " %6llu     compression: %6.2f\n",
2784 	    (u_longlong_t)tzb->zb_asize,
2785 	    (u_longlong_t)(tzb->zb_asize / tzb->zb_count),
2786 	    (double)tzb->zb_lsize / tzb->zb_asize);
2787 	(void) printf("\tbp deduped:    %10llu    ref>1:"
2788 	    " %6llu   deduplication: %6.2f\n",
2789 	    (u_longlong_t)zcb.zcb_dedup_asize,
2790 	    (u_longlong_t)zcb.zcb_dedup_blocks,
2791 	    (double)zcb.zcb_dedup_asize / tzb->zb_asize + 1.0);
2792 	(void) printf("\tSPA allocated: %10llu     used: %5.2f%%\n",
2793 	    (u_longlong_t)norm_alloc, 100.0 * norm_alloc / norm_space);
2794 
2795 	for (bp_embedded_type_t i = 0; i < NUM_BP_EMBEDDED_TYPES; i++) {
2796 		if (zcb.zcb_embedded_blocks[i] == 0)
2797 			continue;
2798 		(void) printf("\n");
2799 		(void) printf("\tadditional, non-pointer bps of type %u: "
2800 		    "%10llu\n",
2801 		    i, (u_longlong_t)zcb.zcb_embedded_blocks[i]);
2802 
2803 		if (dump_opt['b'] >= 3) {
2804 			(void) printf("\t number of (compressed) bytes:  "
2805 			    "number of bps\n");
2806 			dump_histogram(zcb.zcb_embedded_histogram[i],
2807 			    sizeof (zcb.zcb_embedded_histogram[i]) /
2808 			    sizeof (zcb.zcb_embedded_histogram[i][0]), 0);
2809 		}
2810 	}
2811 
2812 	if (tzb->zb_ditto_samevdev != 0) {
2813 		(void) printf("\tDittoed blocks on same vdev: %llu\n",
2814 		    (longlong_t)tzb->zb_ditto_samevdev);
2815 	}
2816 
2817 	if (dump_opt['b'] >= 2) {
2818 		int l, t, level;
2819 		(void) printf("\nBlocks\tLSIZE\tPSIZE\tASIZE"
2820 		    "\t  avg\t comp\t%%Total\tType\n");
2821 
2822 		for (t = 0; t <= ZDB_OT_TOTAL; t++) {
2823 			char csize[32], lsize[32], psize[32], asize[32];
2824 			char avg[32], gang[32];
2825 			char *typename;
2826 
2827 			if (t < DMU_OT_NUMTYPES)
2828 				typename = dmu_ot[t].ot_name;
2829 			else
2830 				typename = zdb_ot_extname[t - DMU_OT_NUMTYPES];
2831 
2832 			if (zcb.zcb_type[ZB_TOTAL][t].zb_asize == 0) {
2833 				(void) printf("%6s\t%5s\t%5s\t%5s"
2834 				    "\t%5s\t%5s\t%6s\t%s\n",
2835 				    "-",
2836 				    "-",
2837 				    "-",
2838 				    "-",
2839 				    "-",
2840 				    "-",
2841 				    "-",
2842 				    typename);
2843 				continue;
2844 			}
2845 
2846 			for (l = ZB_TOTAL - 1; l >= -1; l--) {
2847 				level = (l == -1 ? ZB_TOTAL : l);
2848 				zb = &zcb.zcb_type[level][t];
2849 
2850 				if (zb->zb_asize == 0)
2851 					continue;
2852 
2853 				if (dump_opt['b'] < 3 && level != ZB_TOTAL)
2854 					continue;
2855 
2856 				if (level == 0 && zb->zb_asize ==
2857 				    zcb.zcb_type[ZB_TOTAL][t].zb_asize)
2858 					continue;
2859 
2860 				zdb_nicenum(zb->zb_count, csize);
2861 				zdb_nicenum(zb->zb_lsize, lsize);
2862 				zdb_nicenum(zb->zb_psize, psize);
2863 				zdb_nicenum(zb->zb_asize, asize);
2864 				zdb_nicenum(zb->zb_asize / zb->zb_count, avg);
2865 				zdb_nicenum(zb->zb_gangs, gang);
2866 
2867 				(void) printf("%6s\t%5s\t%5s\t%5s\t%5s"
2868 				    "\t%5.2f\t%6.2f\t",
2869 				    csize, lsize, psize, asize, avg,
2870 				    (double)zb->zb_lsize / zb->zb_psize,
2871 				    100.0 * zb->zb_asize / tzb->zb_asize);
2872 
2873 				if (level == ZB_TOTAL)
2874 					(void) printf("%s\n", typename);
2875 				else
2876 					(void) printf("    L%d %s\n",
2877 					    level, typename);
2878 
2879 				if (dump_opt['b'] >= 3 && zb->zb_gangs > 0) {
2880 					(void) printf("\t number of ganged "
2881 					    "blocks: %s\n", gang);
2882 				}
2883 
2884 				if (dump_opt['b'] >= 4) {
2885 					(void) printf("psize "
2886 					    "(in 512-byte sectors): "
2887 					    "number of blocks\n");
2888 					dump_histogram(zb->zb_psize_histogram,
2889 					    PSIZE_HISTO_SIZE, 0);
2890 				}
2891 			}
2892 		}
2893 	}
2894 
2895 	(void) printf("\n");
2896 
2897 	if (leaks)
2898 		return (2);
2899 
2900 	if (zcb.zcb_haderrors)
2901 		return (3);
2902 
2903 	return (0);
2904 }
2905 
2906 typedef struct zdb_ddt_entry {
2907 	ddt_key_t	zdde_key;
2908 	uint64_t	zdde_ref_blocks;
2909 	uint64_t	zdde_ref_lsize;
2910 	uint64_t	zdde_ref_psize;
2911 	uint64_t	zdde_ref_dsize;
2912 	avl_node_t	zdde_node;
2913 } zdb_ddt_entry_t;
2914 
2915 /* ARGSUSED */
2916 static int
2917 zdb_ddt_add_cb(spa_t *spa, zilog_t *zilog, const blkptr_t *bp,
2918     const zbookmark_phys_t *zb, const dnode_phys_t *dnp, void *arg)
2919 {
2920 	avl_tree_t *t = arg;
2921 	avl_index_t where;
2922 	zdb_ddt_entry_t *zdde, zdde_search;
2923 
2924 	if (bp == NULL || BP_IS_HOLE(bp) || BP_IS_EMBEDDED(bp))
2925 		return (0);
2926 
2927 	if (dump_opt['S'] > 1 && zb->zb_level == ZB_ROOT_LEVEL) {
2928 		(void) printf("traversing objset %llu, %llu objects, "
2929 		    "%lu blocks so far\n",
2930 		    (u_longlong_t)zb->zb_objset,
2931 		    (u_longlong_t)BP_GET_FILL(bp),
2932 		    avl_numnodes(t));
2933 	}
2934 
2935 	if (BP_IS_HOLE(bp) || BP_GET_CHECKSUM(bp) == ZIO_CHECKSUM_OFF ||
2936 	    BP_GET_LEVEL(bp) > 0 || DMU_OT_IS_METADATA(BP_GET_TYPE(bp)))
2937 		return (0);
2938 
2939 	ddt_key_fill(&zdde_search.zdde_key, bp);
2940 
2941 	zdde = avl_find(t, &zdde_search, &where);
2942 
2943 	if (zdde == NULL) {
2944 		zdde = umem_zalloc(sizeof (*zdde), UMEM_NOFAIL);
2945 		zdde->zdde_key = zdde_search.zdde_key;
2946 		avl_insert(t, zdde, where);
2947 	}
2948 
2949 	zdde->zdde_ref_blocks += 1;
2950 	zdde->zdde_ref_lsize += BP_GET_LSIZE(bp);
2951 	zdde->zdde_ref_psize += BP_GET_PSIZE(bp);
2952 	zdde->zdde_ref_dsize += bp_get_dsize_sync(spa, bp);
2953 
2954 	return (0);
2955 }
2956 
2957 static void
2958 dump_simulated_ddt(spa_t *spa)
2959 {
2960 	avl_tree_t t;
2961 	void *cookie = NULL;
2962 	zdb_ddt_entry_t *zdde;
2963 	ddt_histogram_t ddh_total = { 0 };
2964 	ddt_stat_t dds_total = { 0 };
2965 
2966 	avl_create(&t, ddt_entry_compare,
2967 	    sizeof (zdb_ddt_entry_t), offsetof(zdb_ddt_entry_t, zdde_node));
2968 
2969 	spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_CONFIG, FTAG, RW_READER);
2970 
2971 	(void) traverse_pool(spa, 0, TRAVERSE_PRE | TRAVERSE_PREFETCH_METADATA,
2972 	    zdb_ddt_add_cb, &t);
2973 
2974 	spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_CONFIG, FTAG);
2975 
2976 	while ((zdde = avl_destroy_nodes(&t, &cookie)) != NULL) {
2977 		ddt_stat_t dds;
2978 		uint64_t refcnt = zdde->zdde_ref_blocks;
2979 		ASSERT(refcnt != 0);
2980 
2981 		dds.dds_blocks = zdde->zdde_ref_blocks / refcnt;
2982 		dds.dds_lsize = zdde->zdde_ref_lsize / refcnt;
2983 		dds.dds_psize = zdde->zdde_ref_psize / refcnt;
2984 		dds.dds_dsize = zdde->zdde_ref_dsize / refcnt;
2985 
2986 		dds.dds_ref_blocks = zdde->zdde_ref_blocks;
2987 		dds.dds_ref_lsize = zdde->zdde_ref_lsize;
2988 		dds.dds_ref_psize = zdde->zdde_ref_psize;
2989 		dds.dds_ref_dsize = zdde->zdde_ref_dsize;
2990 
2991 		ddt_stat_add(&ddh_total.ddh_stat[highbit64(refcnt) - 1],
2992 		    &dds, 0);
2993 
2994 		umem_free(zdde, sizeof (*zdde));
2995 	}
2996 
2997 	avl_destroy(&t);
2998 
2999 	ddt_histogram_stat(&dds_total, &ddh_total);
3000 
3001 	(void) printf("Simulated DDT histogram:\n");
3002 
3003 	zpool_dump_ddt(&dds_total, &ddh_total);
3004 
3005 	dump_dedup_ratio(&dds_total);
3006 }
3007 
3008 static void
3009 dump_zpool(spa_t *spa)
3010 {
3011 	dsl_pool_t *dp = spa_get_dsl(spa);
3012 	int rc = 0;
3013 
3014 	if (dump_opt['S']) {
3015 		dump_simulated_ddt(spa);
3016 		return;
3017 	}
3018 
3019 	if (!dump_opt['e'] && dump_opt['C'] > 1) {
3020 		(void) printf("\nCached configuration:\n");
3021 		dump_nvlist(spa->spa_config, 8);
3022 	}
3023 
3024 	if (dump_opt['C'])
3025 		dump_config(spa);
3026 
3027 	if (dump_opt['u'])
3028 		dump_uberblock(&spa->spa_uberblock, "\nUberblock:\n", "\n");
3029 
3030 	if (dump_opt['D'])
3031 		dump_all_ddts(spa);
3032 
3033 	if (dump_opt['d'] > 2 || dump_opt['m'])
3034 		dump_metaslabs(spa);
3035 	if (dump_opt['M'])
3036 		dump_metaslab_groups(spa);
3037 
3038 	if (dump_opt['d'] || dump_opt['i']) {
3039 		dump_dir(dp->dp_meta_objset);
3040 		if (dump_opt['d'] >= 3) {
3041 			dump_full_bpobj(&spa->spa_deferred_bpobj,
3042 			    "Deferred frees", 0);
3043 			if (spa_version(spa) >= SPA_VERSION_DEADLISTS) {
3044 				dump_full_bpobj(
3045 				    &spa->spa_dsl_pool->dp_free_bpobj,
3046 				    "Pool snapshot frees", 0);
3047 			}
3048 
3049 			if (spa_feature_is_active(spa,
3050 			    SPA_FEATURE_ASYNC_DESTROY)) {
3051 				dump_bptree(spa->spa_meta_objset,
3052 				    spa->spa_dsl_pool->dp_bptree_obj,
3053 				    "Pool dataset frees");
3054 			}
3055 			dump_dtl(spa->spa_root_vdev, 0);
3056 		}
3057 		(void) dmu_objset_find(spa_name(spa), dump_one_dir,
3058 		    NULL, DS_FIND_SNAPSHOTS | DS_FIND_CHILDREN);
3059 
3060 		for (spa_feature_t f = 0; f < SPA_FEATURES; f++) {
3061 			uint64_t refcount;
3062 
3063 			if (!(spa_feature_table[f].fi_flags &
3064 			    ZFEATURE_FLAG_PER_DATASET) ||
3065 			    !spa_feature_is_enabled(spa, f)) {
3066 				ASSERT0(dataset_feature_count[f]);
3067 				continue;
3068 			}
3069 			(void) feature_get_refcount(spa,
3070 			    &spa_feature_table[f], &refcount);
3071 			if (dataset_feature_count[f] != refcount) {
3072 				(void) printf("%s feature refcount mismatch: "
3073 				    "%lld datasets != %lld refcount\n",
3074 				    spa_feature_table[f].fi_uname,
3075 				    (longlong_t)dataset_feature_count[f],
3076 				    (longlong_t)refcount);
3077 				rc = 2;
3078 			} else {
3079 				(void) printf("Verified %s feature refcount "
3080 				    "of %llu is correct\n",
3081 				    spa_feature_table[f].fi_uname,
3082 				    (longlong_t)refcount);
3083 			}
3084 		}
3085 	}
3086 	if (rc == 0 && (dump_opt['b'] || dump_opt['c']))
3087 		rc = dump_block_stats(spa);
3088 
3089 	if (rc == 0)
3090 		rc = verify_spacemap_refcounts(spa);
3091 
3092 	if (dump_opt['s'])
3093 		show_pool_stats(spa);
3094 
3095 	if (dump_opt['h'])
3096 		dump_history(spa);
3097 
3098 	if (rc != 0) {
3099 		dump_debug_buffer();
3100 		exit(rc);
3101 	}
3102 }
3103 
3104 #define	ZDB_FLAG_CHECKSUM	0x0001
3105 #define	ZDB_FLAG_DECOMPRESS	0x0002
3106 #define	ZDB_FLAG_BSWAP		0x0004
3107 #define	ZDB_FLAG_GBH		0x0008
3108 #define	ZDB_FLAG_INDIRECT	0x0010
3109 #define	ZDB_FLAG_PHYS		0x0020
3110 #define	ZDB_FLAG_RAW		0x0040
3111 #define	ZDB_FLAG_PRINT_BLKPTR	0x0080
3112 
3113 int flagbits[256];
3114 
3115 static void
3116 zdb_print_blkptr(blkptr_t *bp, int flags)
3117 {
3118 	char blkbuf[BP_SPRINTF_LEN];
3119 
3120 	if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_BSWAP)
3121 		byteswap_uint64_array((void *)bp, sizeof (blkptr_t));
3122 
3123 	snprintf_blkptr(blkbuf, sizeof (blkbuf), bp);
3124 	(void) printf("%s\n", blkbuf);
3125 }
3126 
3127 static void
3128 zdb_dump_indirect(blkptr_t *bp, int nbps, int flags)
3129 {
3130 	int i;
3131 
3132 	for (i = 0; i < nbps; i++)
3133 		zdb_print_blkptr(&bp[i], flags);
3134 }
3135 
3136 static void
3137 zdb_dump_gbh(void *buf, int flags)
3138 {
3139 	zdb_dump_indirect((blkptr_t *)buf, SPA_GBH_NBLKPTRS, flags);
3140 }
3141 
3142 static void
3143 zdb_dump_block_raw(void *buf, uint64_t size, int flags)
3144 {
3145 	if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_BSWAP)
3146 		byteswap_uint64_array(buf, size);
3147 	(void) write(1, buf, size);
3148 }
3149 
3150 static void
3151 zdb_dump_block(char *label, void *buf, uint64_t size, int flags)
3152 {
3153 	uint64_t *d = (uint64_t *)buf;
3154 	int nwords = size / sizeof (uint64_t);
3155 	int do_bswap = !!(flags & ZDB_FLAG_BSWAP);
3156 	int i, j;
3157 	char *hdr, *c;
3158 
3159 
3160 	if (do_bswap)
3161 		hdr = " 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0   f e d c b a 9 8";
3162 	else
3163 		hdr = " 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7   8 9 a b c d e f";
3164 
3165 	(void) printf("\n%s\n%6s   %s  0123456789abcdef\n", label, "", hdr);
3166 
3167 	for (i = 0; i < nwords; i += 2) {
3168 		(void) printf("%06llx:  %016llx  %016llx  ",
3169 		    (u_longlong_t)(i * sizeof (uint64_t)),
3170 		    (u_longlong_t)(do_bswap ? BSWAP_64(d[i]) : d[i]),
3171 		    (u_longlong_t)(do_bswap ? BSWAP_64(d[i + 1]) : d[i + 1]));
3172 
3173 		c = (char *)&d[i];
3174 		for (j = 0; j < 2 * sizeof (uint64_t); j++)
3175 			(void) printf("%c", isprint(c[j]) ? c[j] : '.');
3176 		(void) printf("\n");
3177 	}
3178 }
3179 
3180 /*
3181  * There are two acceptable formats:
3182  *	leaf_name	  - For example: c1t0d0 or /tmp/ztest.0a
3183  *	child[.child]*    - For example: 0.1.1
3184  *
3185  * The second form can be used to specify arbitrary vdevs anywhere
3186  * in the heirarchy.  For example, in a pool with a mirror of
3187  * RAID-Zs, you can specify either RAID-Z vdev with 0.0 or 0.1 .
3188  */
3189 static vdev_t *
3190 zdb_vdev_lookup(vdev_t *vdev, char *path)
3191 {
3192 	char *s, *p, *q;
3193 	int i;
3194 
3195 	if (vdev == NULL)
3196 		return (NULL);
3197 
3198 	/* First, assume the x.x.x.x format */
3199 	i = (int)strtoul(path, &s, 10);
3200 	if (s == path || (s && *s != '.' && *s != '\0'))
3201 		goto name;
3202 	if (i < 0 || i >= vdev->vdev_children)
3203 		return (NULL);
3204 
3205 	vdev = vdev->vdev_child[i];
3206 	if (*s == '\0')
3207 		return (vdev);
3208 	return (zdb_vdev_lookup(vdev, s+1));
3209 
3210 name:
3211 	for (i = 0; i < vdev->vdev_children; i++) {
3212 		vdev_t *vc = vdev->vdev_child[i];
3213 
3214 		if (vc->vdev_path == NULL) {
3215 			vc = zdb_vdev_lookup(vc, path);
3216 			if (vc == NULL)
3217 				continue;
3218 			else
3219 				return (vc);
3220 		}
3221 
3222 		p = strrchr(vc->vdev_path, '/');
3223 		p = p ? p + 1 : vc->vdev_path;
3224 		q = &vc->vdev_path[strlen(vc->vdev_path) - 2];
3225 
3226 		if (strcmp(vc->vdev_path, path) == 0)
3227 			return (vc);
3228 		if (strcmp(p, path) == 0)
3229 			return (vc);
3230 		if (strcmp(q, "s0") == 0 && strncmp(p, path, q - p) == 0)
3231 			return (vc);
3232 	}
3233 
3234 	return (NULL);
3235 }
3236 
3237 /*
3238  * Read a block from a pool and print it out.  The syntax of the
3239  * block descriptor is:
3240  *
3241  *	pool:vdev_specifier:offset:size[:flags]
3242  *
3243  *	pool           - The name of the pool you wish to read from
3244  *	vdev_specifier - Which vdev (see comment for zdb_vdev_lookup)
3245  *	offset         - offset, in hex, in bytes
3246  *	size           - Amount of data to read, in hex, in bytes
3247  *	flags          - A string of characters specifying options
3248  *		 b: Decode a blkptr at given offset within block
3249  *		*c: Calculate and display checksums
3250  *		 d: Decompress data before dumping
3251  *		 e: Byteswap data before dumping
3252  *		 g: Display data as a gang block header
3253  *		 i: Display as an indirect block
3254  *		 p: Do I/O to physical offset
3255  *		 r: Dump raw data to stdout
3256  *
3257  *              * = not yet implemented
3258  */
3259 static void
3260 zdb_read_block(char *thing, spa_t *spa)
3261 {
3262 	blkptr_t blk, *bp = &blk;
3263 	dva_t *dva = bp->blk_dva;
3264 	int flags = 0;
3265 	uint64_t offset = 0, size = 0, psize = 0, lsize = 0, blkptr_offset = 0;
3266 	zio_t *zio;
3267 	vdev_t *vd;
3268 	void *pbuf, *lbuf, *buf;
3269 	char *s, *p, *dup, *vdev, *flagstr;
3270 	int i, error;
3271 
3272 	dup = strdup(thing);
3273 	s = strtok(dup, ":");
3274 	vdev = s ? s : "";
3275 	s = strtok(NULL, ":");
3276 	offset = strtoull(s ? s : "", NULL, 16);
3277 	s = strtok(NULL, ":");
3278 	size = strtoull(s ? s : "", NULL, 16);
3279 	s = strtok(NULL, ":");
3280 	flagstr = s ? s : "";
3281 
3282 	s = NULL;
3283 	if (size == 0)
3284 		s = "size must not be zero";
3285 	if (!IS_P2ALIGNED(size, DEV_BSIZE))
3286 		s = "size must be a multiple of sector size";
3287 	if (!IS_P2ALIGNED(offset, DEV_BSIZE))
3288 		s = "offset must be a multiple of sector size";
3289 	if (s) {
3290 		(void) printf("Invalid block specifier: %s  - %s\n", thing, s);
3291 		free(dup);
3292 		return;
3293 	}
3294 
3295 	for (s = strtok(flagstr, ":"); s; s = strtok(NULL, ":")) {
3296 		for (i = 0; flagstr[i]; i++) {
3297 			int bit = flagbits[(uchar_t)flagstr[i]];
3298 
3299 			if (bit == 0) {
3300 				(void) printf("***Invalid flag: %c\n",
3301 				    flagstr[i]);
3302 				continue;
3303 			}
3304 			flags |= bit;
3305 
3306 			/* If it's not something with an argument, keep going */
3307 			if ((bit & (ZDB_FLAG_CHECKSUM |
3308 			    ZDB_FLAG_PRINT_BLKPTR)) == 0)
3309 				continue;
3310 
3311 			p = &flagstr[i + 1];
3312 			if (bit == ZDB_FLAG_PRINT_BLKPTR)
3313 				blkptr_offset = strtoull(p, &p, 16);
3314 			if (*p != ':' && *p != '\0') {
3315 				(void) printf("***Invalid flag arg: '%s'\n", s);
3316 				free(dup);
3317 				return;
3318 			}
3319 		}
3320 	}
3321 
3322 	vd = zdb_vdev_lookup(spa->spa_root_vdev, vdev);
3323 	if (vd == NULL) {
3324 		(void) printf("***Invalid vdev: %s\n", vdev);
3325 		free(dup);
3326 		return;
3327 	} else {
3328 		if (vd->vdev_path)
3329 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "Found vdev: %s\n",
3330 			    vd->vdev_path);
3331 		else
3332 			(void) fprintf(stderr, "Found vdev type: %s\n",
3333 			    vd->vdev_ops->vdev_op_type);
3334 	}
3335 
3336 	psize = size;
3337 	lsize = size;
3338 
3339 	pbuf = umem_alloc(SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3340 	lbuf = umem_alloc(SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3341 
3342 	BP_ZERO(bp);
3343 
3344 	DVA_SET_VDEV(&dva[0], vd->vdev_id);
3345 	DVA_SET_OFFSET(&dva[0], offset);
3346 	DVA_SET_GANG(&dva[0], !!(flags & ZDB_FLAG_GBH));
3347 	DVA_SET_ASIZE(&dva[0], vdev_psize_to_asize(vd, psize));
3348 
3349 	BP_SET_BIRTH(bp, TXG_INITIAL, TXG_INITIAL);
3350 
3351 	BP_SET_LSIZE(bp, lsize);
3352 	BP_SET_PSIZE(bp, psize);
3353 	BP_SET_COMPRESS(bp, ZIO_COMPRESS_OFF);
3354 	BP_SET_CHECKSUM(bp, ZIO_CHECKSUM_OFF);
3355 	BP_SET_TYPE(bp, DMU_OT_NONE);
3356 	BP_SET_LEVEL(bp, 0);
3357 	BP_SET_DEDUP(bp, 0);
3358 	BP_SET_BYTEORDER(bp, ZFS_HOST_BYTEORDER);
3359 
3360 	spa_config_enter(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG, RW_READER);
3361 	zio = zio_root(spa, NULL, NULL, 0);
3362 
3363 	if (vd == vd->vdev_top) {
3364 		/*
3365 		 * Treat this as a normal block read.
3366 		 */
3367 		zio_nowait(zio_read(zio, spa, bp, pbuf, psize, NULL, NULL,
3368 		    ZIO_PRIORITY_SYNC_READ,
3369 		    ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_RAW, NULL));
3370 	} else {
3371 		/*
3372 		 * Treat this as a vdev child I/O.
3373 		 */
3374 		zio_nowait(zio_vdev_child_io(zio, bp, vd, offset, pbuf, psize,
3375 		    ZIO_TYPE_READ, ZIO_PRIORITY_SYNC_READ,
3376 		    ZIO_FLAG_DONT_CACHE | ZIO_FLAG_DONT_QUEUE |
3377 		    ZIO_FLAG_DONT_PROPAGATE | ZIO_FLAG_DONT_RETRY |
3378 		    ZIO_FLAG_CANFAIL | ZIO_FLAG_RAW, NULL, NULL));
3379 	}
3380 
3381 	error = zio_wait(zio);
3382 	spa_config_exit(spa, SCL_STATE, FTAG);
3383 
3384 	if (error) {
3385 		(void) printf("Read of %s failed, error: %d\n", thing, error);
3386 		goto out;
3387 	}
3388 
3389 	if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_DECOMPRESS) {
3390 		/*
3391 		 * We don't know how the data was compressed, so just try
3392 		 * every decompress function at every inflated blocksize.
3393 		 */
3394 		enum zio_compress c;
3395 		void *pbuf2 = umem_alloc(SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3396 		void *lbuf2 = umem_alloc(SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3397 
3398 		bcopy(pbuf, pbuf2, psize);
3399 
3400 		VERIFY(random_get_pseudo_bytes((uint8_t *)pbuf + psize,
3401 		    SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE - psize) == 0);
3402 
3403 		VERIFY(random_get_pseudo_bytes((uint8_t *)pbuf2 + psize,
3404 		    SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE - psize) == 0);
3405 
3406 		for (lsize = SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE; lsize > psize;
3407 		    lsize -= SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE) {
3408 			for (c = 0; c < ZIO_COMPRESS_FUNCTIONS; c++) {
3409 				if (zio_decompress_data(c, pbuf, lbuf,
3410 				    psize, lsize) == 0 &&
3411 				    zio_decompress_data(c, pbuf2, lbuf2,
3412 				    psize, lsize) == 0 &&
3413 				    bcmp(lbuf, lbuf2, lsize) == 0)
3414 					break;
3415 			}
3416 			if (c != ZIO_COMPRESS_FUNCTIONS)
3417 				break;
3418 			lsize -= SPA_MINBLOCKSIZE;
3419 		}
3420 
3421 		umem_free(pbuf2, SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE);
3422 		umem_free(lbuf2, SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE);
3423 
3424 		if (lsize <= psize) {
3425 			(void) printf("Decompress of %s failed\n", thing);
3426 			goto out;
3427 		}
3428 		buf = lbuf;
3429 		size = lsize;
3430 	} else {
3431 		buf = pbuf;
3432 		size = psize;
3433 	}
3434 
3435 	if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_PRINT_BLKPTR)
3436 		zdb_print_blkptr((blkptr_t *)(void *)
3437 		    ((uintptr_t)buf + (uintptr_t)blkptr_offset), flags);
3438 	else if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_RAW)
3439 		zdb_dump_block_raw(buf, size, flags);
3440 	else if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_INDIRECT)
3441 		zdb_dump_indirect((blkptr_t *)buf, size / sizeof (blkptr_t),
3442 		    flags);
3443 	else if (flags & ZDB_FLAG_GBH)
3444 		zdb_dump_gbh(buf, flags);
3445 	else
3446 		zdb_dump_block(thing, buf, size, flags);
3447 
3448 out:
3449 	umem_free(pbuf, SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE);
3450 	umem_free(lbuf, SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE);
3451 	free(dup);
3452 }
3453 
3454 static boolean_t
3455 pool_match(nvlist_t *cfg, char *tgt)
3456 {
3457 	uint64_t v, guid = strtoull(tgt, NULL, 0);
3458 	char *s;
3459 
3460 	if (guid != 0) {
3461 		if (nvlist_lookup_uint64(cfg, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_GUID, &v) == 0)
3462 			return (v == guid);
3463 	} else {
3464 		if (nvlist_lookup_string(cfg, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_NAME, &s) == 0)
3465 			return (strcmp(s, tgt) == 0);
3466 	}
3467 	return (B_FALSE);
3468 }
3469 
3470 static char *
3471 find_zpool(char **target, nvlist_t **configp, int dirc, char **dirv)
3472 {
3473 	nvlist_t *pools;
3474 	nvlist_t *match = NULL;
3475 	char *name = NULL;
3476 	char *sepp = NULL;
3477 	char sep = '\0';
3478 	int count = 0;
3479 	importargs_t args = { 0 };
3480 
3481 	args.paths = dirc;
3482 	args.path = dirv;
3483 	args.can_be_active = B_TRUE;
3484 
3485 	if ((sepp = strpbrk(*target, "/@")) != NULL) {
3486 		sep = *sepp;
3487 		*sepp = '\0';
3488 	}
3489 
3490 	pools = zpool_search_import(g_zfs, &args);
3491 
3492 	if (pools != NULL) {
3493 		nvpair_t *elem = NULL;
3494 		while ((elem = nvlist_next_nvpair(pools, elem)) != NULL) {
3495 			verify(nvpair_value_nvlist(elem, configp) == 0);
3496 			if (pool_match(*configp, *target)) {
3497 				count++;
3498 				if (match != NULL) {
3499 					/* print previously found config */
3500 					if (name != NULL) {
3501 						(void) printf("%s\n", name);
3502 						dump_nvlist(match, 8);
3503 						name = NULL;
3504 					}
3505 					(void) printf("%s\n",
3506 					    nvpair_name(elem));
3507 					dump_nvlist(*configp, 8);
3508 				} else {
3509 					match = *configp;
3510 					name = nvpair_name(elem);
3511 				}
3512 			}
3513 		}
3514 	}
3515 	if (count > 1)
3516 		(void) fatal("\tMatched %d pools - use pool GUID "
3517 		    "instead of pool name or \n"
3518 		    "\tpool name part of a dataset name to select pool", count);
3519 
3520 	if (sepp)
3521 		*sepp = sep;
3522 	/*
3523 	 * If pool GUID was specified for pool id, replace it with pool name
3524 	 */
3525 	if (name && (strstr(*target, name) != *target)) {
3526 		int sz = 1 + strlen(name) + ((sepp) ? strlen(sepp) : 0);
3527 
3528 		*target = umem_alloc(sz, UMEM_NOFAIL);
3529 		(void) snprintf(*target, sz, "%s%s", name, sepp ? sepp : "");
3530 	}
3531 
3532 	*configp = name ? match : NULL;
3533 
3534 	return (name);
3535 }
3536 
3537 int
3538 main(int argc, char **argv)
3539 {
3540 	int i, c;
3541 	struct rlimit rl = { 1024, 1024 };
3542 	spa_t *spa = NULL;
3543 	objset_t *os = NULL;
3544 	int dump_all = 1;
3545 	int verbose = 0;
3546 	int error = 0;
3547 	char **searchdirs = NULL;
3548 	int nsearch = 0;
3549 	char *target;
3550 	nvlist_t *policy = NULL;
3551 	uint64_t max_txg = UINT64_MAX;
3552 	int rewind = ZPOOL_NEVER_REWIND;
3553 	char *spa_config_path_env;
3554 	boolean_t target_is_spa = B_TRUE;
3555 
3556 	(void) setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl);
3557 	(void) enable_extended_FILE_stdio(-1, -1);
3558 
3559 	dprintf_setup(&argc, argv);
3560 
3561 	/*
3562 	 * If there is an environment variable SPA_CONFIG_PATH it overrides
3563 	 * default spa_config_path setting. If -U flag is specified it will
3564 	 * override this environment variable settings once again.
3565 	 */
3566 	spa_config_path_env = getenv("SPA_CONFIG_PATH");
3567 	if (spa_config_path_env != NULL)
3568 		spa_config_path = spa_config_path_env;
3569 
3570 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv,
3571 	    "bcdhilmMI:suCDRSAFLXx:evp:t:U:PGo:")) != -1) {
3572 		switch (c) {
3573 		case 'b':
3574 		case 'c':
3575 		case 'd':
3576 		case 'h':
3577 		case 'i':
3578 		case 'l':
3579 		case 'm':
3580 		case 's':
3581 		case 'u':
3582 		case 'C':
3583 		case 'D':
3584 		case 'M':
3585 		case 'R':
3586 		case 'S':
3587 		case 'G':
3588 			dump_opt[c]++;
3589 			dump_all = 0;
3590 			break;
3591 		case 'A':
3592 		case 'F':
3593 		case 'L':
3594 		case 'X':
3595 		case 'e':
3596 		case 'P':
3597 			dump_opt[c]++;
3598 			break;
3599 		case 'I':
3600 			max_inflight = strtoull(optarg, NULL, 0);
3601 			if (max_inflight == 0) {
3602 				(void) fprintf(stderr, "maximum number "
3603 				    "of inflight I/Os must be greater "
3604 				    "than 0\n");
3605 				usage();
3606 			}
3607 			break;
3608 		case 'p':
3609 			if (searchdirs == NULL) {
3610 				searchdirs = umem_alloc(sizeof (char *),
3611 				    UMEM_NOFAIL);
3612 			} else {
3613 				char **tmp = umem_alloc((nsearch + 1) *
3614 				    sizeof (char *), UMEM_NOFAIL);
3615 				bcopy(searchdirs, tmp, nsearch *
3616 				    sizeof (char *));
3617 				umem_free(searchdirs,
3618 				    nsearch * sizeof (char *));
3619 				searchdirs = tmp;
3620 			}
3621 			searchdirs[nsearch++] = optarg;
3622 			break;
3623 		case 't':
3624 			max_txg = strtoull(optarg, NULL, 0);
3625 			if (max_txg < TXG_INITIAL) {
3626 				(void) fprintf(stderr, "incorrect txg "
3627 				    "specified: %s\n", optarg);
3628 				usage();
3629 			}
3630 			break;
3631 		case 'U':
3632 			spa_config_path = optarg;
3633 			break;
3634 		case 'v':
3635 			verbose++;
3636 			break;
3637 		case 'x':
3638 			vn_dumpdir = optarg;
3639 			break;
3640 		case 'o':
3641 			error = set_global_var(optarg);
3642 			if (error != 0)
3643 				usage();
3644 			break;
3645 		default:
3646 			usage();
3647 			break;
3648 		}
3649 	}
3650 
3651 	if (!dump_opt['e'] && searchdirs != NULL) {
3652 		(void) fprintf(stderr, "-p option requires use of -e\n");
3653 		usage();
3654 	}
3655 
3656 	/*
3657 	 * ZDB does not typically re-read blocks; therefore limit the ARC
3658 	 * to 256 MB, which can be used entirely for metadata.
3659 	 */
3660 	zfs_arc_max = zfs_arc_meta_limit = 256 * 1024 * 1024;
3661 
3662 	/*
3663 	 * "zdb -c" uses checksum-verifying scrub i/os which are async reads.
3664 	 * "zdb -b" uses traversal prefetch which uses async reads.
3665 	 * For good performance, let several of them be active at once.
3666 	 */
3667 	zfs_vdev_async_read_max_active = 10;
3668 
3669 	kernel_init(FREAD);
3670 	g_zfs = libzfs_init();
3671 	ASSERT(g_zfs != NULL);
3672 
3673 	if (dump_all)
3674 		verbose = MAX(verbose, 1);
3675 
3676 	for (c = 0; c < 256; c++) {
3677 		if (dump_all && !strchr("elAFLRSXP", c))
3678 			dump_opt[c] = 1;
3679 		if (dump_opt[c])
3680 			dump_opt[c] += verbose;
3681 	}
3682 
3683 	aok = (dump_opt['A'] == 1) || (dump_opt['A'] > 2);
3684 	zfs_recover = (dump_opt['A'] > 1);
3685 
3686 	argc -= optind;
3687 	argv += optind;
3688 
3689 	if (argc < 2 && dump_opt['R'])
3690 		usage();
3691 	if (argc < 1) {
3692 		if (!dump_opt['e'] && dump_opt['C']) {
3693 			dump_cachefile(spa_config_path);
3694 			return (0);
3695 		}
3696 		usage();
3697 	}
3698 
3699 	if (dump_opt['l']) {
3700 		dump_label(argv[0]);
3701 		return (0);
3702 	}
3703 
3704 	if (dump_opt['X'] || dump_opt['F'])
3705 		rewind = ZPOOL_DO_REWIND |
3706 		    (dump_opt['X'] ? ZPOOL_EXTREME_REWIND : 0);
3707 
3708 	if (nvlist_alloc(&policy, NV_UNIQUE_NAME_TYPE, 0) != 0 ||
3709 	    nvlist_add_uint64(policy, ZPOOL_REWIND_REQUEST_TXG, max_txg) != 0 ||
3710 	    nvlist_add_uint32(policy, ZPOOL_REWIND_REQUEST, rewind) != 0)
3711 		fatal("internal error: %s", strerror(ENOMEM));
3712 
3713 	error = 0;
3714 	target = argv[0];
3715 
3716 	if (dump_opt['e']) {
3717 		nvlist_t *cfg = NULL;
3718 		char *name = find_zpool(&target, &cfg, nsearch, searchdirs);
3719 
3720 		error = ENOENT;
3721 		if (name) {
3722 			if (dump_opt['C'] > 1) {
3723 				(void) printf("\nConfiguration for import:\n");
3724 				dump_nvlist(cfg, 8);
3725 			}
3726 			if (nvlist_add_nvlist(cfg,
3727 			    ZPOOL_REWIND_POLICY, policy) != 0) {
3728 				fatal("can't open '%s': %s",
3729 				    target, strerror(ENOMEM));
3730 			}
3731 			if ((error = spa_import(name, cfg, NULL,
3732 			    ZFS_IMPORT_MISSING_LOG)) != 0) {
3733 				error = spa_import(name, cfg, NULL,
3734 				    ZFS_IMPORT_VERBATIM);
3735 			}
3736 		}
3737 	}
3738 
3739 	if (strpbrk(target, "/@") != NULL) {
3740 		size_t targetlen;
3741 
3742 		target_is_spa = B_FALSE;
3743 		/*
3744 		 * Remove any trailing slash.  Later code would get confused
3745 		 * by it, but we want to allow it so that "pool/" can
3746 		 * indicate that we want to dump the topmost filesystem,
3747 		 * rather than the whole pool.
3748 		 */
3749 		targetlen = strlen(target);
3750 		if (targetlen != 0 && target[targetlen - 1] == '/')
3751 			target[targetlen - 1] = '\0';
3752 	}
3753 
3754 	if (error == 0) {
3755 		if (target_is_spa || dump_opt['R']) {
3756 			error = spa_open_rewind(target, &spa, FTAG, policy,
3757 			    NULL);
3758 			if (error) {
3759 				/*
3760 				 * If we're missing the log device then
3761 				 * try opening the pool after clearing the
3762 				 * log state.
3763 				 */
3764 				mutex_enter(&spa_namespace_lock);
3765 				if ((spa = spa_lookup(target)) != NULL &&
3766 				    spa->spa_log_state == SPA_LOG_MISSING) {
3767 					spa->spa_log_state = SPA_LOG_CLEAR;
3768 					error = 0;
3769 				}
3770 				mutex_exit(&spa_namespace_lock);
3771 
3772 				if (!error) {
3773 					error = spa_open_rewind(target, &spa,
3774 					    FTAG, policy, NULL);
3775 				}
3776 			}
3777 		} else {
3778 			error = dmu_objset_own(target, DMU_OST_ANY,
3779 			    B_TRUE, FTAG, &os);
3780 		}
3781 	}
3782 	nvlist_free(policy);
3783 
3784 	if (error)
3785 		fatal("can't open '%s': %s", target, strerror(error));
3786 
3787 	argv++;
3788 	argc--;
3789 	if (!dump_opt['R']) {
3790 		if (argc > 0) {
3791 			zopt_objects = argc;
3792 			zopt_object = calloc(zopt_objects, sizeof (uint64_t));
3793 			for (i = 0; i < zopt_objects; i++) {
3794 				errno = 0;
3795 				zopt_object[i] = strtoull(argv[i], NULL, 0);
3796 				if (zopt_object[i] == 0 && errno != 0)
3797 					fatal("bad number %s: %s",
3798 					    argv[i], strerror(errno));
3799 			}
3800 		}
3801 		if (os != NULL) {
3802 			dump_dir(os);
3803 		} else if (zopt_objects > 0 && !dump_opt['m']) {
3804 			dump_dir(spa->spa_meta_objset);
3805 		} else {
3806 			dump_zpool(spa);
3807 		}
3808 	} else {
3809 		flagbits['b'] = ZDB_FLAG_PRINT_BLKPTR;
3810 		flagbits['c'] = ZDB_FLAG_CHECKSUM;
3811 		flagbits['d'] = ZDB_FLAG_DECOMPRESS;
3812 		flagbits['e'] = ZDB_FLAG_BSWAP;
3813 		flagbits['g'] = ZDB_FLAG_GBH;
3814 		flagbits['i'] = ZDB_FLAG_INDIRECT;
3815 		flagbits['p'] = ZDB_FLAG_PHYS;
3816 		flagbits['r'] = ZDB_FLAG_RAW;
3817 
3818 		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
3819 			zdb_read_block(argv[i], spa);
3820 	}
3821 
3822 	(os != NULL) ? dmu_objset_disown(os, FTAG) : spa_close(spa, FTAG);
3823 
3824 	fuid_table_destroy();
3825 	sa_loaded = B_FALSE;
3826 
3827 	dump_debug_buffer();
3828 
3829 	libzfs_fini(g_zfs);
3830 	kernel_fini();
3831 
3832 	return (0);
3833 }
3834