xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/cmd/cron/crontab.c (revision f3a525d949e26238340eb8c1f6fdcfff91fc7e65)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 /*
22  * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
23  * Use is subject to license terms.
24  */
25 /*	Copyright (c) 1984, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989 AT&T	*/
26 /*	  All Rights Reserved	*/
27 
28 /*
29  * Copyright 2019 OmniOS Community Edition (OmniOSce) Association.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/types.h>
33 #include <sys/stat.h>
34 #include <sys/types.h>
35 #include <sys/wait.h>
36 #include <errno.h>
37 #include <signal.h>
38 #include <stdio.h>
39 #include <stdlib.h>
40 #include <string.h>
41 #include <fcntl.h>
42 #include <ctype.h>
43 #include <pwd.h>
44 #include <unistd.h>
45 #include <locale.h>
46 #include <nl_types.h>
47 #include <langinfo.h>
48 #include <libintl.h>
49 #include <security/pam_appl.h>
50 #include <limits.h>
51 #include <libzoneinfo.h>
52 #include "cron.h"
53 #include "getresponse.h"
54 
55 #if defined(XPG4)
56 #define	VIPATH	"/usr/xpg4/bin/vi"
57 #elif defined(XPG6)
58 #define	VIPATH	"/usr/xpg6/bin/vi"
59 #else
60 #define	_XPG_NOTDEFINED
61 #define	VIPATH	"vi"
62 #endif
63 
64 #define	TMPFILE		"_cron"		/* prefix for tmp file */
65 #define	CRMODE		0600	/* mode for creating crontabs */
66 
67 #define	BADCREATE	\
68 	"can't create your crontab file in the crontab directory."
69 #define	BADOPEN		"can't open your crontab file."
70 #define	BADSHELL	\
71 	"because your login shell isn't /usr/bin/sh, you can't use cron."
72 #define	WARNSHELL	"warning: commands will be executed using /usr/bin/sh\n"
73 #define	BADUSAGE	\
74 	"usage:\n"			\
75 	"\tcrontab [file]\n"		\
76 	"\tcrontab -e [username]\n"	\
77 	"\tcrontab -l [username]\n"	\
78 	"\tcrontab -r [username]"
79 #define	INVALIDUSER	"you are not a valid user (no entry in /etc/passwd)."
80 #define	NOTALLOWED	"you are not authorized to use cron.  Sorry."
81 #define	NOTROOT		\
82 	"you must be super-user to access another user's crontab file"
83 #define	AUDITREJECT	"The audit context for your shell has not been set."
84 #define	EOLN		"unexpected end of line."
85 #define	UNEXPECT	"unexpected character found in line."
86 #define	OUTOFBOUND	"number out of bounds."
87 #define	OVERFLOW	"too many elements."
88 #define	ERRSFND		"errors detected in input, no crontab file generated."
89 #define	ED_ERROR	\
90 	"     The editor indicates that an error occurred while you were\n"\
91 	"     editing the crontab data - usually a minor typing error.\n\n"
92 #define	BADREAD		"error reading your crontab file"
93 #define	ED_PROMPT	\
94 	"     Edit again, to ensure crontab information is intact (%s/%s)?\n"\
95 	"     ('%s' will discard edits.)"
96 #define	NAMETOOLONG	"login name too long"
97 #define	BAD_TZ	"Timezone unrecognized in: %s"
98 #define	BAD_SHELL	"Invalid shell specified: %s"
99 #define	BAD_HOME	"Unable to access directory: %s\t%s\n"
100 
101 extern int	per_errno;
102 
103 extern int	audit_crontab_modify(char *, char *, int);
104 extern int	audit_crontab_delete(char *, int);
105 extern int	audit_crontab_not_allowed(uid_t, char *);
106 
107 int		err;
108 int		cursor;
109 char		*cf;
110 char		*tnam;
111 char		edtemp[5+13+1];
112 char		line[CTLINESIZE];
113 static		char	login[UNAMESIZE];
114 
115 static void	catch(int);
116 static void	crabort(char *);
117 static void	cerror(char *);
118 static void	copycron(FILE *);
119 
120 int
121 main(int argc, char **argv)
122 {
123 	int	c, r;
124 	int	rflag	= 0;
125 	int	lflag	= 0;
126 	int	eflag	= 0;
127 	int	errflg	= 0;
128 	char *pp;
129 	FILE *fp, *tmpfp;
130 	struct stat stbuf;
131 	struct passwd *pwp;
132 	time_t omodtime;
133 	char *editor;
134 	uid_t ruid;
135 	pid_t pid;
136 	int stat_loc;
137 	int ret;
138 	char real_login[UNAMESIZE];
139 	int tmpfd = -1;
140 	pam_handle_t *pamh;
141 	int pam_error;
142 	char *buf;
143 	size_t buflen;
144 
145 	(void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
146 #if !defined(TEXT_DOMAIN)	/* Should be defined by cc -D */
147 #define	TEXT_DOMAIN "SYS_TEST"	/* Use this only if it weren't */
148 #endif
149 	(void) textdomain(TEXT_DOMAIN);
150 
151 	if (init_yes() < 0) {
152 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(ERR_MSG_INIT_YES),
153 		    strerror(errno));
154 		exit(1);
155 	}
156 
157 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "elr")) != EOF)
158 		switch (c) {
159 			case 'e':
160 				eflag++;
161 				break;
162 			case 'l':
163 				lflag++;
164 				break;
165 			case 'r':
166 				rflag++;
167 				break;
168 			case '?':
169 				errflg++;
170 				break;
171 		}
172 
173 	if (eflag + lflag + rflag > 1)
174 		errflg++;
175 
176 	argc -= optind;
177 	argv += optind;
178 	if (errflg || argc > 1)
179 		crabort(BADUSAGE);
180 
181 	ruid = getuid();
182 	if ((pwp = getpwuid(ruid)) == NULL)
183 		crabort(INVALIDUSER);
184 
185 	if (strlcpy(real_login, pwp->pw_name, sizeof (real_login))
186 	    >= sizeof (real_login))
187 		crabort(NAMETOOLONG);
188 
189 	if ((eflag || lflag || rflag) && argc == 1) {
190 		if ((pwp = getpwnam(*argv)) == NULL)
191 			crabort(INVALIDUSER);
192 
193 		if (!cron_admin(real_login)) {
194 			if (pwp->pw_uid != ruid)
195 				crabort(NOTROOT);
196 			else
197 				pp = getuser(ruid);
198 		} else
199 			pp = *argv++;
200 	} else {
201 		pp = getuser(ruid);
202 	}
203 
204 	if (pp == NULL) {
205 		if (per_errno == 2)
206 			crabort(BADSHELL);
207 		else
208 			crabort(INVALIDUSER);
209 	}
210 	if (strlcpy(login, pp, sizeof (login)) >= sizeof (login))
211 		crabort(NAMETOOLONG);
212 	if (!allowed(login, CRONALLOW, CRONDENY))
213 		crabort(NOTALLOWED);
214 
215 	/* Do account validation check */
216 	pam_error = pam_start("cron", pp, NULL, &pamh);
217 	if (pam_error != PAM_SUCCESS) {
218 		crabort((char *)pam_strerror(pamh, pam_error));
219 	}
220 	pam_error = pam_acct_mgmt(pamh, PAM_SILENT);
221 	if (pam_error != PAM_SUCCESS) {
222 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("Warning - Invalid account: "
223 		    "'%s' not allowed to execute cronjobs\n"), pp);
224 	}
225 	(void) pam_end(pamh, PAM_SUCCESS);
226 
227 
228 	/* check for unaudited shell */
229 	if (audit_crontab_not_allowed(ruid, pp))
230 		crabort(AUDITREJECT);
231 
232 	cf = xmalloc(strlen(CRONDIR)+strlen(login)+2);
233 	strcat(strcat(strcpy(cf, CRONDIR), "/"), login);
234 
235 	if (rflag) {
236 		r = unlink(cf);
237 		cron_sendmsg(DELETE, login, login, CRON);
238 		audit_crontab_delete(cf, r);
239 		exit(0);
240 	}
241 	if (lflag) {
242 		if ((fp = fopen(cf, "r")) == NULL)
243 			crabort(BADOPEN);
244 		while (fgets(line, CTLINESIZE, fp) != NULL)
245 			fputs(line, stdout);
246 		fclose(fp);
247 		exit(0);
248 	}
249 	if (eflag) {
250 		if ((fp = fopen(cf, "r")) == NULL) {
251 			if (errno != ENOENT)
252 				crabort(BADOPEN);
253 		}
254 		(void) strcpy(edtemp, "/tmp/crontabXXXXXX");
255 		tmpfd = mkstemp(edtemp);
256 		if (fchown(tmpfd, ruid, -1) == -1) {
257 			(void) close(tmpfd);
258 			crabort("fchown of temporary file failed");
259 		}
260 		(void) close(tmpfd);
261 		/*
262 		 * Fork off a child with user's permissions,
263 		 * to edit the crontab file
264 		 */
265 		if ((pid = fork()) == (pid_t)-1)
266 			crabort("fork failed");
267 		if (pid == 0) {		/* child process */
268 			/* give up super-user privileges. */
269 			setuid(ruid);
270 			if ((tmpfp = fopen(edtemp, "w")) == NULL)
271 				crabort("can't create temporary file");
272 			if (fp != NULL) {
273 				/*
274 				 * Copy user's crontab file to temporary file.
275 				 */
276 				while (fgets(line, CTLINESIZE, fp) != NULL) {
277 					fputs(line, tmpfp);
278 					if (ferror(tmpfp)) {
279 						fclose(fp);
280 						fclose(tmpfp);
281 						crabort("write error on"
282 						    "temporary file");
283 					}
284 				}
285 				if (ferror(fp)) {
286 					fclose(fp);
287 					fclose(tmpfp);
288 					crabort(BADREAD);
289 				}
290 				fclose(fp);
291 			}
292 			if (fclose(tmpfp) == EOF)
293 				crabort("write error on temporary file");
294 			if (stat(edtemp, &stbuf) < 0)
295 				crabort("can't stat temporary file");
296 			omodtime = stbuf.st_mtime;
297 #ifdef _XPG_NOTDEFINED
298 			editor = getenv("VISUAL");
299 			if (editor == NULL) {
300 #endif
301 				editor = getenv("EDITOR");
302 				if (editor == NULL)
303 					editor = VIPATH;
304 #ifdef _XPG_NOTDEFINED
305 			}
306 #endif
307 			buflen = strlen(editor) + strlen(edtemp) + 2;
308 			buf = xmalloc(buflen);
309 			(void) snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s %s", editor, edtemp);
310 
311 			sleep(1);
312 
313 			while (1) {
314 				ret = system(buf);
315 
316 				/* sanity checks */
317 				if ((tmpfp = fopen(edtemp, "r")) == NULL)
318 					crabort("can't open temporary file");
319 				if (fstat(fileno(tmpfp), &stbuf) < 0)
320 					crabort("can't stat temporary file");
321 				if (stbuf.st_size == 0)
322 					crabort("temporary file empty");
323 				if (omodtime == stbuf.st_mtime) {
324 					(void) unlink(edtemp);
325 					fprintf(stderr, gettext(
326 					    "The crontab file was not"
327 					    " changed.\n"));
328 					exit(1);
329 				}
330 				if ((ret) && (errno != EINTR)) {
331 					/*
332 					 * Some editors (like 'vi') can return
333 					 * a non-zero exit status even though
334 					 * everything is okay. Need to check.
335 					 */
336 					fprintf(stderr, gettext(ED_ERROR));
337 					fflush(stderr);
338 					if (isatty(fileno(stdin))) {
339 						/* Interactive */
340 						fprintf(stdout,
341 						    gettext(ED_PROMPT),
342 						    yesstr, nostr, nostr);
343 						fflush(stdout);
344 
345 						if (yes()) {
346 							/* Edit again */
347 							continue;
348 						} else {
349 							/* Dump changes */
350 							(void) unlink(edtemp);
351 							exit(1);
352 						}
353 					} else {
354 						/*
355 						 * Non-interactive, dump changes
356 						 */
357 						(void) unlink(edtemp);
358 						exit(1);
359 					}
360 				}
361 				exit(0);
362 			} /* while (1) */
363 		}
364 
365 		/* fix for 1125555 - ignore common signals while waiting */
366 		(void) signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
367 		(void) signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
368 		(void) signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
369 		(void) signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
370 		wait(&stat_loc);
371 		if ((stat_loc & 0xFF00) != 0)
372 			exit(1);
373 
374 		/*
375 		 * unlink edtemp as 'ruid'. The file contents will be held
376 		 * since we open the file descriptor 'tmpfp' before calling
377 		 * unlink.
378 		 */
379 		if (((ret = seteuid(ruid)) < 0) ||
380 		    ((tmpfp = fopen(edtemp, "r")) == NULL) ||
381 		    (unlink(edtemp) == -1)) {
382 			fprintf(stderr, "crontab: %s: %s\n",
383 			    edtemp, errmsg(errno));
384 			if ((ret < 0) || (tmpfp == NULL))
385 				(void) unlink(edtemp);
386 			exit(1);
387 		} else
388 			seteuid(0);
389 
390 		copycron(tmpfp);
391 	} else {
392 		if (argc == 0)
393 			copycron(stdin);
394 		else if (seteuid(getuid()) != 0 || (fp = fopen(argv[0], "r"))
395 		    == NULL)
396 			crabort(BADOPEN);
397 		else {
398 			seteuid(0);
399 			copycron(fp);
400 		}
401 	}
402 	cron_sendmsg(ADD, login, login, CRON);
403 /*
404  *	if (per_errno == 2)
405  *		fprintf(stderr, gettext(WARNSHELL));
406  */
407 	return (0);
408 }
409 
410 static void
411 copycron(FILE *fp)
412 {
413 	FILE *tfp;
414 	char pid[6], *tnam_end;
415 	int t;
416 	char buf[LINE_MAX];
417 	cferror_t cferr;
418 
419 	sprintf(pid, "%-5d", getpid());
420 	tnam = xmalloc(strlen(CRONDIR)+strlen(TMPFILE)+7);
421 	strcat(strcat(strcat(strcpy(tnam, CRONDIR), "/"), TMPFILE), pid);
422 	/* cut trailing blanks */
423 	tnam_end = strchr(tnam, ' ');
424 	if (tnam_end != NULL)
425 		*tnam_end = 0;
426 	/* catch SIGINT, SIGHUP, SIGQUIT signals */
427 	if (signal(SIGINT, catch) == SIG_IGN)
428 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
429 	if (signal(SIGHUP, catch) == SIG_IGN) signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
430 	if (signal(SIGQUIT, catch) == SIG_IGN) signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
431 	if (signal(SIGTERM, catch) == SIG_IGN) signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
432 	if ((t = creat(tnam, CRMODE)) == -1) crabort(BADCREATE);
433 	if ((tfp = fdopen(t, "w")) == NULL) {
434 		unlink(tnam);
435 		crabort(BADCREATE);
436 	}
437 	err = 0;	/* if errors found, err set to 1 */
438 	while (fgets(line, CTLINESIZE, fp) != NULL) {
439 		cursor = 0;
440 		while (line[cursor] == ' ' || line[cursor] == '\t')
441 			cursor++;
442 		/* fix for 1039689 - treat blank line like a comment */
443 		if (line[cursor] == '#' || line[cursor] == '\n')
444 			goto cont;
445 
446 		if (strncmp(&line[cursor], ENV_TZ, strlen(ENV_TZ)) == 0) {
447 			char *x;
448 
449 			strncpy(buf, &line[cursor + strlen(ENV_TZ)],
450 			    sizeof (buf));
451 			if ((x = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
452 				*x = '\0';
453 
454 			if (isvalid_tz(buf, NULL, _VTZ_ALL)) {
455 				goto cont;
456 			} else {
457 				err = 1;
458 				fprintf(stderr, BAD_TZ, &line[cursor]);
459 				continue;
460 			}
461 		} else if (strncmp(&line[cursor], ENV_SHELL,
462 		    strlen(ENV_SHELL)) == 0) {
463 			char *x;
464 
465 			strncpy(buf, &line[cursor + strlen(ENV_SHELL)],
466 			    sizeof (buf));
467 			if ((x = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
468 				*x = '\0';
469 
470 			if (isvalid_shell(buf)) {
471 				goto cont;
472 			} else {
473 				err = 1;
474 				fprintf(stderr, BAD_SHELL, &line[cursor]);
475 				continue;
476 			}
477 		} else if (strncmp(&line[cursor], ENV_HOME,
478 		    strlen(ENV_HOME)) == 0) {
479 			char *x;
480 
481 			strncpy(buf, &line[cursor + strlen(ENV_HOME)],
482 			    sizeof (buf));
483 			if ((x = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
484 				*x = '\0';
485 			if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
486 				goto cont;
487 			} else {
488 				err = 1;
489 				fprintf(stderr, BAD_HOME, &line[cursor],
490 				    strerror(errno));
491 				continue;
492 			}
493 		}
494 
495 		if ((cferr = next_field(0, 59, line, &cursor, NULL)) != CFOK ||
496 		    (cferr = next_field(0, 23, line, &cursor, NULL)) != CFOK ||
497 		    (cferr = next_field(1, 31, line, &cursor, NULL)) != CFOK ||
498 		    (cferr = next_field(1, 12, line, &cursor, NULL)) != CFOK ||
499 		    (cferr = next_field(0, 6, line, &cursor, NULL)) != CFOK) {
500 			switch (cferr) {
501 			case CFEOLN:
502 				cerror(EOLN);
503 				break;
504 			case CFUNEXPECT:
505 				cerror(UNEXPECT);
506 				break;
507 			case CFOUTOFBOUND:
508 				cerror(OUTOFBOUND);
509 				break;
510 			case CFEOVERFLOW:
511 				cerror(OVERFLOW);
512 				break;
513 			case CFENOMEM:
514 				(void) fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
515 				exit(55);
516 				break;
517 			default:
518 				break;
519 			}
520 			continue;
521 		}
522 
523 		if (line[++cursor] == '\0') {
524 			cerror(EOLN);
525 			continue;
526 		}
527 cont:
528 		if (fputs(line, tfp) == EOF) {
529 			unlink(tnam);
530 			crabort(BADCREATE);
531 		}
532 	}
533 	fclose(fp);
534 	fclose(tfp);
535 
536 	/* audit differences between old and new crontabs */
537 	audit_crontab_modify(cf, tnam, err);
538 
539 	if (!err) {
540 		/* make file tfp the new crontab */
541 		unlink(cf);
542 		if (link(tnam, cf) == -1) {
543 			unlink(tnam);
544 			crabort(BADCREATE);
545 		}
546 	} else {
547 		crabort(ERRSFND);
548 	}
549 	unlink(tnam);
550 }
551 
552 static void
553 cerror(char *msg)
554 {
555 	fprintf(stderr, gettext("%scrontab: error on previous line; %s\n"),
556 	    line, msg);
557 	err = 1;
558 }
559 
560 
561 static void
562 catch(int x)
563 {
564 	unlink(tnam);
565 	exit(1);
566 }
567 
568 static void
569 crabort(char *msg)
570 {
571 	int sverrno;
572 
573 	if (strcmp(edtemp, "") != 0) {
574 		sverrno = errno;
575 		(void) unlink(edtemp);
576 		errno = sverrno;
577 	}
578 	if (tnam != NULL) {
579 		sverrno = errno;
580 		(void) unlink(tnam);
581 		errno = sverrno;
582 	}
583 	fprintf(stderr, "crontab: %s\n", gettext(msg));
584 	exit(1);
585 }
586