xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/cmd/cron/crontab.c (revision 74e12c43fe52f2c30f36e65a4d0fb0e8dfd7068a)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 /*
22  * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
23  * Use is subject to license terms.
24  */
25 /*	Copyright (c) 1984, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989 AT&T	*/
26 /*	  All Rights Reserved	*/
27 
28 /*
29  * Copyright 2020 OmniOS Community Edition (OmniOSce) Association.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/types.h>
33 #include <sys/stat.h>
34 #include <sys/types.h>
35 #include <sys/wait.h>
36 #include <errno.h>
37 #include <signal.h>
38 #include <stdio.h>
39 #include <stdlib.h>
40 #include <string.h>
41 #include <fcntl.h>
42 #include <ctype.h>
43 #include <pwd.h>
44 #include <unistd.h>
45 #include <locale.h>
46 #include <nl_types.h>
47 #include <langinfo.h>
48 #include <libintl.h>
49 #include <security/pam_appl.h>
50 #include <limits.h>
51 #include <libzoneinfo.h>
52 #include "cron.h"
53 #include "getresponse.h"
54 
55 #if defined(XPG4)
56 #define	VIPATH	"/usr/xpg4/bin/vi"
57 #elif defined(XPG6)
58 #define	VIPATH	"/usr/xpg6/bin/vi"
59 #else
60 #define	_XPG_NOTDEFINED
61 #define	VIPATH	"vi"
62 #endif
63 
64 #define	TMPFILE		"_cron"		/* prefix for tmp file */
65 #define	CRMODE		0600	/* mode for creating crontabs */
66 
67 #define	BADCREATE	\
68 	"can't create your crontab file in the crontab directory."
69 #define	BADOPEN		"can't open your crontab file."
70 #define	BADSHELL	\
71 	"because your login shell isn't /usr/bin/sh, you can't use cron."
72 #define	WARNSHELL	"warning: commands will be executed using /usr/bin/sh\n"
73 #define	BADUSAGE	\
74 	"usage:\n"			\
75 	"\tcrontab [-u username] [file]\n"		\
76 	"\tcrontab [-u username] { -e | -l | -r }\n"	\
77 	"\tcrontab { -e | -l | -r } [username]"
78 #define	INVALIDUSER	"you are not a valid user (no entry in /etc/passwd)."
79 #define	NOTALLOWED	"you are not authorized to use cron.  Sorry."
80 #define	NOTROOT		\
81 	"you must be super-user to access another user's crontab file"
82 #define	AUDITREJECT	"The audit context for your shell has not been set."
83 #define	EOLN		"unexpected end of line."
84 #define	UNEXPECT	"unexpected character found in line."
85 #define	OUTOFBOUND	"number out of bounds."
86 #define	OVERFLOW	"too many elements."
87 #define	ERRSFND		"errors detected in input, no crontab file generated."
88 #define	ED_ERROR	\
89 	"     The editor indicates that an error occurred while you were\n"\
90 	"     editing the crontab data - usually a minor typing error.\n\n"
91 #define	BADREAD		"error reading your crontab file"
92 #define	ED_PROMPT	\
93 	"     Edit again, to ensure crontab information is intact (%s/%s)?\n"\
94 	"     ('%s' will discard edits.)"
95 #define	NAMETOOLONG	"login name too long"
96 #define	BAD_TZ	"Timezone unrecognized in: %s"
97 #define	BAD_SHELL	"Invalid shell specified: %s"
98 #define	BAD_HOME	"Unable to access directory: %s\t%s\n"
99 
100 extern int	per_errno;
101 
102 extern int	audit_crontab_modify(char *, char *, int);
103 extern int	audit_crontab_delete(char *, int);
104 extern int	audit_crontab_not_allowed(uid_t, char *);
105 
106 static int	err;
107 int		cursor;
108 char		*cf;
109 char		*tnam;
110 char		edtemp[5+13+1];
111 char		line[CTLINESIZE];
112 static		char	login[UNAMESIZE];
113 
114 static void	catch(int);
115 static void	crabort(char *);
116 static void	cerror(char *);
117 static void	copycron(FILE *);
118 
119 int
120 main(int argc, char **argv)
121 {
122 	int	c, r;
123 	int	rflag	= 0;
124 	int	lflag	= 0;
125 	int	eflag	= 0;
126 	int	errflg	= 0;
127 	char *pp;
128 	FILE *fp, *tmpfp;
129 	struct stat stbuf;
130 	struct passwd *pwp;
131 	time_t omodtime;
132 	char *editor;
133 	uid_t ruid;
134 	pid_t pid;
135 	int stat_loc;
136 	int ret;
137 	char real_login[UNAMESIZE];
138 	char *user = NULL;
139 	int tmpfd = -1;
140 	pam_handle_t *pamh;
141 	int pam_error;
142 	char *buf;
143 	size_t buflen;
144 
145 	(void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
146 #if !defined(TEXT_DOMAIN)	/* Should be defined by cc -D */
147 #define	TEXT_DOMAIN "SYS_TEST"	/* Use this only if it wasn't */
148 #endif
149 	(void) textdomain(TEXT_DOMAIN);
150 
151 	if (init_yes() < 0) {
152 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(ERR_MSG_INIT_YES),
153 		    strerror(errno));
154 		exit(1);
155 	}
156 
157 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "elru:")) != EOF) {
158 		switch (c) {
159 			case 'e':
160 				eflag++;
161 				break;
162 			case 'l':
163 				lflag++;
164 				break;
165 			case 'r':
166 				rflag++;
167 				break;
168 			case 'u':
169 				user = optarg;
170 				break;
171 			case '?':
172 				errflg++;
173 				break;
174 		}
175 	}
176 
177 	argc -= optind;
178 	argv += optind;
179 
180 	if (eflag + lflag + rflag > 1)
181 		errflg++;
182 
183 	if ((eflag || lflag || rflag) && argc > 0) {
184 		if (user != NULL)
185 			errflg++;
186 		else
187 			user = *argv;
188 	}
189 
190 	if (errflg || argc > 1)
191 		crabort(BADUSAGE);
192 
193 	ruid = getuid();
194 	if ((pwp = getpwuid(ruid)) == NULL)
195 		crabort(INVALIDUSER);
196 
197 	if (strlcpy(real_login, pwp->pw_name, sizeof (real_login))
198 	    >= sizeof (real_login)) {
199 		crabort(NAMETOOLONG);
200 	}
201 
202 	if (user != NULL) {
203 		if ((pwp = getpwnam(user)) == NULL)
204 			crabort(INVALIDUSER);
205 
206 		if (!cron_admin(real_login)) {
207 			if (pwp->pw_uid != ruid)
208 				crabort(NOTROOT);
209 			else
210 				pp = getuser(ruid);
211 		} else {
212 			pp = user;
213 		}
214 	} else {
215 		pp = getuser(ruid);
216 	}
217 
218 	if (pp == NULL) {
219 		if (per_errno == 2)
220 			crabort(BADSHELL);
221 		else
222 			crabort(INVALIDUSER);
223 	}
224 	if (strlcpy(login, pp, sizeof (login)) >= sizeof (login))
225 		crabort(NAMETOOLONG);
226 	if (!allowed(login, CRONALLOW, CRONDENY))
227 		crabort(NOTALLOWED);
228 
229 	/* Do account validation check */
230 	pam_error = pam_start("cron", pp, NULL, &pamh);
231 	if (pam_error != PAM_SUCCESS) {
232 		crabort((char *)pam_strerror(pamh, pam_error));
233 	}
234 	pam_error = pam_acct_mgmt(pamh, PAM_SILENT);
235 	if (pam_error != PAM_SUCCESS) {
236 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("Warning - Invalid account: "
237 		    "'%s' not allowed to execute cronjobs\n"), pp);
238 	}
239 	(void) pam_end(pamh, PAM_SUCCESS);
240 
241 
242 	/* check for unaudited shell */
243 	if (audit_crontab_not_allowed(ruid, pp))
244 		crabort(AUDITREJECT);
245 
246 	cf = xmalloc(strlen(CRONDIR)+strlen(login)+2);
247 	strcat(strcat(strcpy(cf, CRONDIR), "/"), login);
248 
249 	if (rflag) {
250 		r = unlink(cf);
251 		cron_sendmsg(DELETE, login, login, CRON);
252 		audit_crontab_delete(cf, r);
253 		exit(0);
254 	}
255 	if (lflag) {
256 		if ((fp = fopen(cf, "r")) == NULL)
257 			crabort(BADOPEN);
258 		while (fgets(line, CTLINESIZE, fp) != NULL)
259 			fputs(line, stdout);
260 		fclose(fp);
261 		exit(0);
262 	}
263 	if (eflag) {
264 		if ((fp = fopen(cf, "r")) == NULL) {
265 			if (errno != ENOENT)
266 				crabort(BADOPEN);
267 		}
268 		(void) strcpy(edtemp, "/tmp/crontabXXXXXX");
269 		tmpfd = mkstemp(edtemp);
270 		if (fchown(tmpfd, ruid, -1) == -1) {
271 			(void) close(tmpfd);
272 			crabort("fchown of temporary file failed");
273 		}
274 		(void) close(tmpfd);
275 		/*
276 		 * Fork off a child with user's permissions,
277 		 * to edit the crontab file
278 		 */
279 		if ((pid = fork()) == (pid_t)-1)
280 			crabort("fork failed");
281 		if (pid == 0) {		/* child process */
282 			/* give up super-user privileges. */
283 			setuid(ruid);
284 			if ((tmpfp = fopen(edtemp, "w")) == NULL)
285 				crabort("can't create temporary file");
286 			if (fp != NULL) {
287 				/*
288 				 * Copy user's crontab file to temporary file.
289 				 */
290 				while (fgets(line, CTLINESIZE, fp) != NULL) {
291 					fputs(line, tmpfp);
292 					if (ferror(tmpfp)) {
293 						fclose(fp);
294 						fclose(tmpfp);
295 						crabort("write error on"
296 						    "temporary file");
297 					}
298 				}
299 				if (ferror(fp)) {
300 					fclose(fp);
301 					fclose(tmpfp);
302 					crabort(BADREAD);
303 				}
304 				fclose(fp);
305 			}
306 			if (fclose(tmpfp) == EOF)
307 				crabort("write error on temporary file");
308 			if (stat(edtemp, &stbuf) < 0)
309 				crabort("can't stat temporary file");
310 			omodtime = stbuf.st_mtime;
311 #ifdef _XPG_NOTDEFINED
312 			editor = getenv("VISUAL");
313 			if (editor == NULL) {
314 #endif
315 				editor = getenv("EDITOR");
316 				if (editor == NULL)
317 					editor = VIPATH;
318 #ifdef _XPG_NOTDEFINED
319 			}
320 #endif
321 			buflen = strlen(editor) + strlen(edtemp) + 2;
322 			buf = xmalloc(buflen);
323 			(void) snprintf(buf, buflen, "%s %s", editor, edtemp);
324 
325 			sleep(1);
326 
327 			while (1) {
328 				ret = system(buf);
329 
330 				/* sanity checks */
331 				if ((tmpfp = fopen(edtemp, "r")) == NULL)
332 					crabort("can't open temporary file");
333 				if (fstat(fileno(tmpfp), &stbuf) < 0)
334 					crabort("can't stat temporary file");
335 				if (stbuf.st_size == 0)
336 					crabort("temporary file empty");
337 				if (omodtime == stbuf.st_mtime) {
338 					(void) unlink(edtemp);
339 					fprintf(stderr, gettext(
340 					    "The crontab file was not"
341 					    " changed.\n"));
342 					exit(1);
343 				}
344 				if ((ret) && (errno != EINTR)) {
345 					/*
346 					 * Some editors (like 'vi') can return
347 					 * a non-zero exit status even though
348 					 * everything is okay. Need to check.
349 					 */
350 					fprintf(stderr, gettext(ED_ERROR));
351 					fflush(stderr);
352 					if (isatty(fileno(stdin))) {
353 						/* Interactive */
354 						fprintf(stdout,
355 						    gettext(ED_PROMPT),
356 						    yesstr, nostr, nostr);
357 						fflush(stdout);
358 
359 						if (yes()) {
360 							/* Edit again */
361 							continue;
362 						} else {
363 							/* Dump changes */
364 							(void) unlink(edtemp);
365 							exit(1);
366 						}
367 					} else {
368 						/*
369 						 * Non-interactive, dump changes
370 						 */
371 						(void) unlink(edtemp);
372 						exit(1);
373 					}
374 				}
375 				exit(0);
376 			} /* while (1) */
377 		}
378 
379 		/* fix for 1125555 - ignore common signals while waiting */
380 		(void) signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
381 		(void) signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
382 		(void) signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
383 		(void) signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
384 		wait(&stat_loc);
385 		if ((stat_loc & 0xFF00) != 0)
386 			exit(1);
387 
388 		/*
389 		 * unlink edtemp as 'ruid'. The file contents will be held
390 		 * since we open the file descriptor 'tmpfp' before calling
391 		 * unlink.
392 		 */
393 		if (((ret = seteuid(ruid)) < 0) ||
394 		    ((tmpfp = fopen(edtemp, "r")) == NULL) ||
395 		    (unlink(edtemp) == -1)) {
396 			fprintf(stderr, "crontab: %s: %s\n",
397 			    edtemp, errmsg(errno));
398 			if ((ret < 0) || (tmpfp == NULL))
399 				(void) unlink(edtemp);
400 			exit(1);
401 		} else
402 			seteuid(0);
403 
404 		copycron(tmpfp);
405 	} else {
406 		if (argc == 0)
407 			copycron(stdin);
408 		else if (seteuid(getuid()) != 0 || (fp = fopen(argv[0], "r"))
409 		    == NULL)
410 			crabort(BADOPEN);
411 		else {
412 			seteuid(0);
413 			copycron(fp);
414 		}
415 	}
416 	cron_sendmsg(ADD, login, login, CRON);
417 /*
418  *	if (per_errno == 2)
419  *		fprintf(stderr, gettext(WARNSHELL));
420  */
421 	return (0);
422 }
423 
424 static void
425 copycron(FILE *fp)
426 {
427 	FILE *tfp;
428 	char pid[6], *tnam_end;
429 	int t;
430 	char buf[LINE_MAX];
431 	cferror_t cferr;
432 
433 	sprintf(pid, "%-5d", getpid());
434 	tnam = xmalloc(strlen(CRONDIR)+strlen(TMPFILE)+7);
435 	strcat(strcat(strcat(strcpy(tnam, CRONDIR), "/"), TMPFILE), pid);
436 	/* cut trailing blanks */
437 	tnam_end = strchr(tnam, ' ');
438 	if (tnam_end != NULL)
439 		*tnam_end = 0;
440 	/* catch SIGINT, SIGHUP, SIGQUIT signals */
441 	if (signal(SIGINT, catch) == SIG_IGN)
442 		signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
443 	if (signal(SIGHUP, catch) == SIG_IGN) signal(SIGHUP, SIG_IGN);
444 	if (signal(SIGQUIT, catch) == SIG_IGN) signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
445 	if (signal(SIGTERM, catch) == SIG_IGN) signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
446 	if ((t = creat(tnam, CRMODE)) == -1) crabort(BADCREATE);
447 	if ((tfp = fdopen(t, "w")) == NULL) {
448 		unlink(tnam);
449 		crabort(BADCREATE);
450 	}
451 	err = 0;	/* if errors found, err set to 1 */
452 	while (fgets(line, CTLINESIZE, fp) != NULL) {
453 		cursor = 0;
454 		while (line[cursor] == ' ' || line[cursor] == '\t')
455 			cursor++;
456 		/* fix for 1039689 - treat blank line like a comment */
457 		if (line[cursor] == '#' || line[cursor] == '\n')
458 			goto cont;
459 
460 		if (strncmp(&line[cursor], ENV_TZ, strlen(ENV_TZ)) == 0) {
461 			char *x;
462 
463 			strncpy(buf, &line[cursor + strlen(ENV_TZ)],
464 			    sizeof (buf));
465 			if ((x = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
466 				*x = '\0';
467 
468 			if (isvalid_tz(buf, NULL, _VTZ_ALL)) {
469 				goto cont;
470 			} else {
471 				err = 1;
472 				fprintf(stderr, BAD_TZ, &line[cursor]);
473 				continue;
474 			}
475 		} else if (strncmp(&line[cursor], ENV_SHELL,
476 		    strlen(ENV_SHELL)) == 0) {
477 			char *x;
478 
479 			strncpy(buf, &line[cursor + strlen(ENV_SHELL)],
480 			    sizeof (buf));
481 			if ((x = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
482 				*x = '\0';
483 
484 			if (isvalid_shell(buf)) {
485 				goto cont;
486 			} else {
487 				err = 1;
488 				fprintf(stderr, BAD_SHELL, &line[cursor]);
489 				continue;
490 			}
491 		} else if (strncmp(&line[cursor], ENV_HOME,
492 		    strlen(ENV_HOME)) == 0) {
493 			char *x;
494 
495 			strncpy(buf, &line[cursor + strlen(ENV_HOME)],
496 			    sizeof (buf));
497 			if ((x = strchr(buf, '\n')) != NULL)
498 				*x = '\0';
499 			if (chdir(buf) == 0) {
500 				goto cont;
501 			} else {
502 				err = 1;
503 				fprintf(stderr, BAD_HOME, &line[cursor],
504 				    strerror(errno));
505 				continue;
506 			}
507 		}
508 
509 		if ((cferr = next_field(0, 59, line, &cursor, NULL)) != CFOK ||
510 		    (cferr = next_field(0, 23, line, &cursor, NULL)) != CFOK ||
511 		    (cferr = next_field(1, 31, line, &cursor, NULL)) != CFOK ||
512 		    (cferr = next_field(1, 12, line, &cursor, NULL)) != CFOK ||
513 		    (cferr = next_field(0, 6, line, &cursor, NULL)) != CFOK) {
514 			switch (cferr) {
515 			case CFEOLN:
516 				cerror(EOLN);
517 				break;
518 			case CFUNEXPECT:
519 				cerror(UNEXPECT);
520 				break;
521 			case CFOUTOFBOUND:
522 				cerror(OUTOFBOUND);
523 				break;
524 			case CFEOVERFLOW:
525 				cerror(OVERFLOW);
526 				break;
527 			case CFENOMEM:
528 				(void) fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
529 				exit(55);
530 				break;
531 			default:
532 				break;
533 			}
534 			continue;
535 		}
536 
537 		if (line[++cursor] == '\0') {
538 			cerror(EOLN);
539 			continue;
540 		}
541 cont:
542 		if (fputs(line, tfp) == EOF) {
543 			unlink(tnam);
544 			crabort(BADCREATE);
545 		}
546 	}
547 	fclose(fp);
548 	fclose(tfp);
549 
550 	/* audit differences between old and new crontabs */
551 	audit_crontab_modify(cf, tnam, err);
552 
553 	if (!err) {
554 		/* make file tfp the new crontab */
555 		unlink(cf);
556 		if (link(tnam, cf) == -1) {
557 			unlink(tnam);
558 			crabort(BADCREATE);
559 		}
560 	} else {
561 		crabort(ERRSFND);
562 	}
563 	unlink(tnam);
564 }
565 
566 static void
567 cerror(char *msg)
568 {
569 	fprintf(stderr, gettext("%scrontab: error on previous line; %s\n"),
570 	    line, msg);
571 	err = 1;
572 }
573 
574 
575 static void
576 catch(int x)
577 {
578 	unlink(tnam);
579 	exit(1);
580 }
581 
582 static void
583 crabort(char *msg)
584 {
585 	int sverrno;
586 
587 	if (strcmp(edtemp, "") != 0) {
588 		sverrno = errno;
589 		(void) unlink(edtemp);
590 		errno = sverrno;
591 	}
592 	if (tnam != NULL) {
593 		sverrno = errno;
594 		(void) unlink(tnam);
595 		errno = sverrno;
596 	}
597 	fprintf(stderr, "crontab: %s\n", gettext(msg));
598 	exit(1);
599 }
600