xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/boot/efi/loader/arch/amd64/trap.c (revision 957246c9e6c47389c40079995d73eebcc659fb29)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2016 The FreeBSD Foundation
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * This software was developed by Konstantin Belousov under sponsorship
6  * from the FreeBSD Foundation.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29 
30 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
31 
32 #include <stand.h>
33 #include <string.h>
34 #include <sys/param.h>
35 #include <machine/cpufunc.h>
36 #include <machine/psl.h>
37 #include <machine/segments.h>
38 #include <machine/frame.h>
39 #include <machine/tss.h>
40 
41 #include <efi.h>
42 #include <efilib.h>
43 
44 #include "bootstrap.h"
45 #include "loader_efi.h"
46 
47 #define	NUM_IST	8
48 #define	NUM_EXC	32
49 
50 /*
51  * This code catches exceptions but forwards hardware interrupts to
52  * handlers installed by firmware.  It differentiates exceptions
53  * vs. interrupts by presence of the error code on the stack, which
54  * causes different stack pointer value on trap handler entry.
55  *
56  * Use kernel layout for the trapframe just to not be original.
57  *
58  * Use free IST slot in existing TSS, or create our own TSS if
59  * firmware did not configured any, to have stack switched to
60  * IST-specified one, e.g. to handle #SS.  If hand-off cannot find
61  * unused IST slot, or create a new descriptor in GDT, we bail out.
62  */
63 
64 static struct region_descriptor fw_idt;	/* Descriptor for pristine fw IDT */
65 static struct region_descriptor loader_idt;/* Descriptor for loader
66 					   shadow IDT */
67 static EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS lidt_pa;	/* Address of loader shadow IDT */
68 static EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS tss_pa;	/* Address of TSS */
69 static EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS exc_stack_pa;/* Address of IST stack for loader */
70 EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS exc_rsp;	/* %rsp value on our IST stack when
71 				   exception happens */
72 EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS fw_intr_handlers[NUM_EXC]; /* fw handlers for < 32 IDT
73 						   vectors */
74 static int intercepted[NUM_EXC];
75 static int ist;				/* IST for exception handlers */
76 static uint32_t tss_fw_seg;		/* Fw TSS segment */
77 static uint32_t loader_tss;		/* Loader TSS segment */
78 static struct region_descriptor fw_gdt;	/* Descriptor of pristine GDT */
79 static EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS loader_gdt_pa; /* Address of loader shadow GDT */
80 
81 void report_exc(struct trapframe *tf);
82 void
83 report_exc(struct trapframe *tf)
84 {
85 
86 	/*
87 	 * printf() depends on loader runtime and UEFI firmware health
88 	 * to produce the console output, in case of exception, the
89 	 * loader or firmware runtime may fail to support the printf().
90 	 */
91 	printf("===================================================="
92 	    "============================\n");
93 	printf("Exception %u\n", tf->tf_trapno);
94 	printf("ss 0x%04hx cs 0x%04hx ds 0x%04hx es 0x%04hx fs 0x%04hx "
95 	    "gs 0x%04hx\n",
96 	    (uint16_t)tf->tf_ss, (uint16_t)tf->tf_cs, (uint16_t)tf->tf_ds,
97 	    (uint16_t)tf->tf_es, (uint16_t)tf->tf_fs, (uint16_t)tf->tf_gs);
98 	printf("err 0x%08x rfl 0x%08x addr 0x%016lx\n"
99 	    "rsp 0x%016lx rip 0x%016lx\n",
100 	    (uint32_t)tf->tf_err, (uint32_t)tf->tf_rflags, tf->tf_addr,
101 	    tf->tf_rsp, tf->tf_rip);
102 	printf(
103 	    "rdi 0x%016lx rsi 0x%016lx rdx 0x%016lx\n"
104 	    "rcx 0x%016lx r8  0x%016lx r9  0x%016lx\n"
105 	    "rax 0x%016lx rbx 0x%016lx rbp 0x%016lx\n"
106 	    "r10 0x%016lx r11 0x%016lx r12 0x%016lx\n"
107 	    "r13 0x%016lx r14 0x%016lx r15 0x%016lx\n",
108 	    tf->tf_rdi, tf->tf_rsi, tf->tf_rdx, tf->tf_rcx, tf->tf_r8,
109 	    tf->tf_r9, tf->tf_rax, tf->tf_rbx, tf->tf_rbp, tf->tf_r10,
110 	    tf->tf_r11, tf->tf_r12, tf->tf_r13, tf->tf_r14, tf->tf_r15);
111 	printf("Machine stopped.\n");
112 }
113 
114 static void
115 prepare_exception(unsigned idx, uint64_t my_handler,
116     int ist_use_table[static NUM_IST])
117 {
118 	struct gate_descriptor *fw_idt_e, *loader_idt_e;
119 
120 	fw_idt_e = &((struct gate_descriptor *)fw_idt.rd_base)[idx];
121 	loader_idt_e = &((struct gate_descriptor *)loader_idt.rd_base)[idx];
122 	fw_intr_handlers[idx] = fw_idt_e->gd_looffset +
123 	    (fw_idt_e->gd_hioffset << 16);
124 	intercepted[idx] = 1;
125 	ist_use_table[fw_idt_e->gd_ist]++;
126 	loader_idt_e->gd_looffset = my_handler;
127 	loader_idt_e->gd_hioffset = my_handler >> 16;
128 	/*
129 	 * We reuse uefi selector for the code segment for the exception
130 	 * handler code, while the reason for the fault might be the
131 	 * corruption of that gdt entry. On the other hand, allocating
132 	 * our own descriptor might be not much better, if gdt is corrupted.
133 	 */
134 	loader_idt_e->gd_selector = fw_idt_e->gd_selector;
135 	loader_idt_e->gd_ist = 0;
136 	loader_idt_e->gd_type = SDT_SYSIGT;
137 	loader_idt_e->gd_dpl = 0;
138 	loader_idt_e->gd_p = 1;
139 	loader_idt_e->gd_xx = 0;
140 	loader_idt_e->sd_xx1 = 0;
141 }
142 #define	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(N)						\
143     extern char EXC##N##_handler[];					\
144     prepare_exception(N, (uintptr_t)EXC##N##_handler, ist_use_table);
145 
146 static void
147 free_tables(void)
148 {
149 
150 	if (lidt_pa != 0) {
151 		BS->FreePages(lidt_pa, EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(fw_idt.rd_limit));
152 		lidt_pa = 0;
153 	}
154 	if (exc_stack_pa != 0) {
155 		BS->FreePages(exc_stack_pa, 1);
156 		exc_stack_pa = 0;
157 	}
158 	if (tss_pa != 0 && tss_fw_seg == 0) {
159 		BS->FreePages(tss_pa, EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(sizeof(struct
160 		    amd64tss)));
161 		tss_pa = 0;
162 	}
163 	if (loader_gdt_pa != 0) {
164 		BS->FreePages(tss_pa, 2);
165 		loader_gdt_pa = 0;
166 	}
167 	ist = 0;
168 	loader_tss = 0;
169 }
170 
171 static int
172 efi_setup_tss(struct region_descriptor *gdt, uint32_t loader_tss_idx,
173     struct amd64tss **tss)
174 {
175 	EFI_STATUS status;
176 	struct system_segment_descriptor *tss_desc;
177 
178 	tss_desc = (struct system_segment_descriptor *)(gdt->rd_base +
179 	    (loader_tss_idx << 3));
180 	status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAnyPages, EfiLoaderData,
181 	    EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(sizeof(struct amd64tss)), &tss_pa);
182 	if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
183 		printf("efi_setup_tss: AllocatePages tss error %lu\n",
184 		    EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
185 		return (0);
186 	}
187 	*tss = (struct amd64tss *)tss_pa;
188 	bzero(*tss, sizeof(**tss));
189 	tss_desc->sd_lolimit = sizeof(struct amd64tss);
190 	tss_desc->sd_lobase = tss_pa;
191 	tss_desc->sd_type = SDT_SYSTSS;
192 	tss_desc->sd_dpl = 0;
193 	tss_desc->sd_p = 1;
194 	tss_desc->sd_hilimit = sizeof(struct amd64tss) >> 16;
195 	tss_desc->sd_gran = 0;
196 	tss_desc->sd_hibase = tss_pa >> 24;
197 	tss_desc->sd_xx0 = 0;
198 	tss_desc->sd_xx1 = 0;
199 	tss_desc->sd_mbz = 0;
200 	tss_desc->sd_xx2 = 0;
201 	return (1);
202 }
203 
204 static int
205 efi_redirect_exceptions(void)
206 {
207 	int ist_use_table[NUM_IST];
208 	struct gate_descriptor *loader_idt_e;
209 	struct system_segment_descriptor *tss_desc, *gdt_desc;
210 	struct amd64tss *tss;
211 	struct region_descriptor *gdt_rd, loader_gdt;
212 	uint32_t i;
213 	EFI_STATUS status;
214 	register_t rfl;
215 
216 	sidt(&fw_idt);
217 	status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAnyPages, EfiLoaderData,
218 	    EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(fw_idt.rd_limit), &lidt_pa);
219 	if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
220 		printf("efi_redirect_exceptions: AllocatePages IDT error %lu\n",
221 		    EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
222 		lidt_pa = 0;
223 		return (0);
224 	}
225 	status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAnyPages, EfiLoaderData, 1,
226 	    &exc_stack_pa);
227 	if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
228 		printf("efi_redirect_exceptions: AllocatePages stk error %lu\n",
229 		    EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
230 		exc_stack_pa = 0;
231 		free_tables();
232 		return (0);
233 	}
234 	loader_idt.rd_limit = fw_idt.rd_limit;
235 	bcopy((void *)fw_idt.rd_base, (void *)loader_idt.rd_base,
236 	    loader_idt.rd_limit);
237 	bzero(ist_use_table, sizeof(ist_use_table));
238 	bzero(fw_intr_handlers, sizeof(fw_intr_handlers));
239 	bzero(intercepted, sizeof(intercepted));
240 
241 	sgdt(&fw_gdt);
242 	tss_fw_seg = read_tr();
243 	gdt_rd = NULL;
244 	if (tss_fw_seg == 0) {
245 		for (i = 2; (i << 3) + sizeof(*gdt_desc) <= fw_gdt.rd_limit;
246 		    i += 2) {
247 			gdt_desc = (struct system_segment_descriptor *)(
248 			    fw_gdt.rd_base + (i << 3));
249 			if (gdt_desc->sd_type == 0 && gdt_desc->sd_mbz == 0) {
250 				gdt_rd = &fw_gdt;
251 				break;
252 			}
253 		}
254 		if (gdt_rd == NULL) {
255 			if (i >= 8190) {
256 				printf("efi_redirect_exceptions: all slots "
257 				    "in gdt are used\n");
258 				free_tables();
259 				return (0);
260 			}
261 			loader_gdt.rd_limit = roundup2(fw_gdt.rd_limit +
262 			    sizeof(struct system_segment_descriptor),
263 			    sizeof(struct system_segment_descriptor)) - 1;
264 			i = (loader_gdt.rd_limit + 1 -
265 			    sizeof(struct system_segment_descriptor)) /
266 			    sizeof(struct system_segment_descriptor) * 2;
267 			status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAnyPages,
268 			    EfiLoaderData,
269 			    EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(loader_gdt.rd_limit),
270 			    &loader_gdt_pa);
271 			if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
272 				printf("efi_setup_tss: AllocatePages gdt error "
273 				    "%lu\n",  EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
274 				loader_gdt_pa = 0;
275 				free_tables();
276 				return (0);
277 			}
278 			loader_gdt.rd_base = loader_gdt_pa;
279 			bzero((void *)loader_gdt.rd_base, loader_gdt.rd_limit);
280 			bcopy((void *)fw_gdt.rd_base,
281 			    (void *)loader_gdt.rd_base, fw_gdt.rd_limit);
282 			gdt_rd = &loader_gdt;
283 		}
284 		loader_tss = i << 3;
285 		if (!efi_setup_tss(gdt_rd, i, &tss)) {
286 			tss_pa = 0;
287 			free_tables();
288 			return (0);
289 		}
290 	} else {
291 		tss_desc = (struct system_segment_descriptor *)((char *)
292 		    fw_gdt.rd_base + tss_fw_seg);
293 		if (tss_desc->sd_type != SDT_SYSTSS &&
294 		    tss_desc->sd_type != SDT_SYSBSY) {
295 			printf("LTR points to non-TSS descriptor\n");
296 			free_tables();
297 			return (0);
298 		}
299 		tss_pa = tss_desc->sd_lobase + (tss_desc->sd_hibase << 16);
300 		tss = (struct amd64tss *)tss_pa;
301 		tss_desc->sd_type = SDT_SYSTSS; /* unbusy */
302 	}
303 
304 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(0);
305 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(1);
306 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(2);
307 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(3);
308 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(4);
309 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(5);
310 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(6);
311 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(7);
312 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(8);
313 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(9);
314 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(10);
315 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(11);
316 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(12);
317 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(13);
318 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(14);
319 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(16);
320 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(17);
321 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(18);
322 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(19);
323 	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(20);
324 
325 	exc_rsp = exc_stack_pa + PAGE_SIZE -
326 	    (6 /* hw exception frame */ + 3 /* scratch regs */) * 8;
327 
328 	/* Find free IST and use it */
329 	for (ist = 1; ist < NUM_IST; ist++) {
330 		if (ist_use_table[ist] == 0)
331 			break;
332 	}
333 	if (ist == NUM_IST) {
334 		printf("efi_redirect_exceptions: all ISTs used\n");
335 		free_tables();
336 		lidt_pa = 0;
337 		return (0);
338 	}
339 	for (i = 0; i < NUM_EXC; i++) {
340 		loader_idt_e = &((struct gate_descriptor *)loader_idt.
341 		    rd_base)[i];
342 		if (intercepted[i])
343 			loader_idt_e->gd_ist = ist;
344 	}
345 	(&(tss->tss_ist1))[ist - 1] = exc_stack_pa + PAGE_SIZE;
346 
347 	/* Switch to new IDT */
348 	rfl = intr_disable();
349 	if (loader_gdt_pa != 0)
350 		bare_lgdt(&loader_gdt);
351 	if (loader_tss != 0)
352 		ltr(loader_tss);
353 	lidt(&loader_idt);
354 	intr_restore(rfl);
355 	return (1);
356 }
357 
358 static void
359 efi_unredirect_exceptions(void)
360 {
361 	register_t rfl;
362 
363 	if (lidt_pa == 0)
364 		return;
365 
366 	rfl = intr_disable();
367 	if (ist != 0)
368 		(&(((struct amd64tss *)tss_pa)->tss_ist1))[ist - 1] = 0;
369 	if (loader_gdt_pa != 0)
370 		bare_lgdt(&fw_gdt);
371 	if (loader_tss != 0)
372 		ltr(tss_fw_seg);
373 	lidt(&fw_idt);
374 	intr_restore(rfl);
375 	free_tables();
376 }
377 
378 static int
379 command_grab_faults(int argc __unused, char *argv[] __unused)
380 {
381 	int res;
382 
383 	res = efi_redirect_exceptions();
384 	if (!res)
385 		printf("failed\n");
386 	return (CMD_OK);
387 }
388 COMMAND_SET(grap_faults, "grab_faults", "grab faults", command_grab_faults);
389 
390 static int
391 command_ungrab_faults(int argc __unused, char *argv[] __unused)
392 {
393 
394 	efi_unredirect_exceptions();
395 	return (CMD_OK);
396 }
397 COMMAND_SET(ungrab_faults, "ungrab_faults", "ungrab faults",
398     command_ungrab_faults);
399 
400 static int
401 command_fault(int argc __unused, char *argv[] __unused)
402 {
403 
404 	__asm("ud2");
405 	return (CMD_OK);
406 }
407 COMMAND_SET(fault, "fault", "generate fault", command_fault);
408