xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/boot/common/interp_forth.c (revision 7c34a79b137bcbd26ee8292e08e8bf031e93089f)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Michael Smith <msmith@freebsd.org>
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  */
26 
27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
28 
29 #include <sys/param.h>		/* to pick up __FreeBSD_version */
30 #include <string.h>
31 #include <stand.h>
32 #include "bootstrap.h"
33 #include "ficl.h"
34 
35 extern unsigned bootprog_rev;
36 INTERP_DEFINE("4th");
37 
38 /* #define BFORTH_DEBUG */
39 
40 #ifdef BFORTH_DEBUG
41 #define	DPRINTF(fmt, args...)	printf("%s: " fmt "\n", __func__, ## args)
42 #else
43 #define	DPRINTF(fmt, args...)	((void)0)
44 #endif
45 
46 /*
47  * Eventually, all builtin commands throw codes must be defined
48  * elsewhere, possibly bootstrap.h. For now, just this code, used
49  * just in this file, it is getting defined.
50  */
51 #define	BF_PARSE 100
52 
53 /*
54  * FreeBSD loader default dictionary cells
55  */
56 #ifndef	BF_DICTSIZE
57 #define	BF_DICTSIZE	30000
58 #endif
59 
60 /*
61  * BootForth   Interface to Ficl Forth interpreter.
62  */
63 
64 ficlSystemInformation *fsi;
65 ficlSystem *bf_sys;
66 ficlVm	*bf_vm;
67 
68 /*
69  * Shim for taking commands from BF and passing them out to 'standard'
70  * argv/argc command functions.
71  */
72 static void
73 bf_command(ficlVm *vm)
74 {
75 	char			*name, *line, *tail, *cp;
76 	size_t			len;
77 	struct bootblk_command	**cmdp;
78 	bootblk_cmd_t		*cmd;
79 	int			nstrings, i;
80 	int			argc, result;
81 	char			**argv;
82 
83 	/* Get the name of the current word */
84 	name = vm->runningWord->name;
85 
86 	/* Find our command structure */
87 	cmd = NULL;
88 	SET_FOREACH(cmdp, Xcommand_set) {
89 		if (((*cmdp)->c_name != NULL) &&
90 		    strcmp(name, (*cmdp)->c_name) == 0)
91 			cmd = (*cmdp)->c_fn;
92 	}
93 	if (cmd == NULL)
94 		panic("callout for unknown command '%s'", name);
95 
96 	/* Check whether we have been compiled or are being interpreted */
97 	if (ficlStackPopInteger(ficlVmGetDataStack(vm))) {
98 		/*
99 		 * Get parameters from stack, in the format:
100 		 * an un ... a2 u2 a1 u1 n --
101 		 * Where n is the number of strings, a/u are pairs of
102 		 * address/size for strings, and they will be concatenated
103 		 * in LIFO order.
104 		 */
105 		nstrings = ficlStackPopInteger(ficlVmGetDataStack(vm));
106 		for (i = 0, len = 0; i < nstrings; i++) {
107 			ficlStack *stack = ficlVmGetDataStack(vm);
108 			len += ficlStackFetch(stack, i * 2).i + 1;
109 		}
110 		line = malloc(strlen(name) + len + 1);
111 		(void) strcpy(line, name);
112 
113 		if (nstrings)
114 			for (i = 0; i < nstrings; i++) {
115 				ficlStack *stack = ficlVmGetDataStack(vm);
116 
117 				len = ficlStackPopInteger(stack);
118 				cp = ficlStackPopPointer(stack);
119 				(void) strcat(line, " ");
120 				(void) strncat(line, cp, len);
121 			}
122 	} else {
123 		/* Get remainder of invocation */
124 		tail = ficlVmGetInBuf(vm);
125 
126 		len = 0;
127 		cp = tail;
128 		for (; cp != vm->tib.end && *cp != 0 && *cp != '\n'; cp++)
129 			len++;
130 
131 		line = malloc(strlen(name) + len + 2);
132 		(void) strcpy(line, name);
133 		if (len > 0) {
134 			(void) strcat(line, " ");
135 			(void) strncat(line, tail, len);
136 			ficlVmUpdateTib(vm, tail + len);
137 		}
138 	}
139 	DPRINTF("cmd '%s'", line);
140 
141 	command_errmsg = command_errbuf;
142 	command_errbuf[0] = 0;
143 	if (!parse(&argc, &argv, line)) {
144 		result = (cmd)(argc, argv);
145 		free(argv);
146 	} else {
147 		result = BF_PARSE;
148 	}
149 
150 	switch (result) {
151 	case CMD_CRIT:
152 		printf("%s\n", command_errmsg);
153 		command_errmsg = NULL;
154 		break;
155 	case CMD_FATAL:
156 		panic("%s", command_errmsg);
157 	}
158 
159 	free(line);
160 	/*
161 	 * If there was error during nested ficlExec(), we may no longer have
162 	 * valid environment to return.  Throw all exceptions from here.
163 	 */
164 	if (result != CMD_OK)
165 		ficlVmThrow(vm, result);
166 
167 	/* This is going to be thrown!!! */
168 	ficlStackPushInteger(ficlVmGetDataStack(vm), result);
169 }
170 
171 /*
172  * Replace a word definition (a builtin command) with another
173  * one that:
174  *
175  *        - Throw error results instead of returning them on the stack
176  *        - Pass a flag indicating whether the word was compiled or is
177  *          being interpreted.
178  *
179  * There is one major problem with builtins that cannot be overcome
180  * in anyway, except by outlawing it. We want builtins to behave
181  * differently depending on whether they have been compiled or they
182  * are being interpreted. Notice that this is *not* the interpreter's
183  * current state. For example:
184  *
185  * : example ls ; immediate
186  * : problem example ;		\ "ls" gets executed while compiling
187  * example			\ "ls" gets executed while interpreting
188  *
189  * Notice that, though the current state is different in the two
190  * invocations of "example", in both cases "ls" has been
191  * *compiled in*, which is what we really want.
192  *
193  * The problem arises when you tick the builtin. For example:
194  *
195  * : example-1 ['] ls postpone literal ; immediate
196  * : example-2 example-1 execute ; immediate
197  * : problem example-2 ;
198  * example-2
199  *
200  * We have no way, when we get EXECUTEd, of knowing what our behavior
201  * should be. Thus, our only alternative is to "outlaw" this. See RFI
202  * 0007, and ANS Forth Standard's appendix D, item 6.7 for a related
203  * problem, concerning compile semantics.
204  *
205  * The problem is compounded by the fact that "' builtin CATCH" is valid
206  * and desirable. The only solution is to create an intermediary word.
207  * For example:
208  *
209  * : my-ls ls ;
210  * : example ['] my-ls catch ;
211  *
212  * So, with the below implementation, here is a summary of the behavior
213  * of builtins:
214  *
215  * ls -l				\ "interpret" behavior, ie,
216  *					\ takes parameters from TIB
217  * : ex-1 s" -l" 1 ls ;			\ "compile" behavior, ie,
218  *					\ takes parameters from the stack
219  * : ex-2 ['] ls catch ; immediate	\ undefined behavior
220  * : ex-3 ['] ls catch ;		\ undefined behavior
221  * ex-2 ex-3				\ "interpret" behavior,
222  *					\ catch works
223  * : ex-4 ex-2 ;			\ "compile" behavior,
224  *					\ catch does not work
225  * : ex-5 ex-3 ; immediate		\ same as ex-2
226  * : ex-6 ex-3 ;			\ same as ex-3
227  * : ex-7 ['] ex-1 catch ;		\ "compile" behavior,
228  *					\ catch works
229  * : ex-8 postpone ls ;	immediate	\ same as ex-2
230  * : ex-9 postpone ls ;			\ same as ex-3
231  *
232  * As the definition below is particularly tricky, and it's side effects
233  * must be well understood by those playing with it, I'll be heavy on
234  * the comments.
235  *
236  * (if you edit this definition, pay attention to trailing spaces after
237  *  each word -- I warned you! :-) )
238  */
239 #define	BUILTIN_CONSTRUCTOR \
240 ": builtin: "		\
241 	">in @ "		/* save the tib index pointer */ \
242 	"' "			/* get next word's xt */ \
243 	"swap >in ! "		/* point again to next word */ \
244 	"create "		/* create a new definition of the next word */ \
245 	", "			/* save previous definition's xt */ \
246 	"immediate "	/* make the new definition an immediate word */ \
247 			\
248 	"does> "		/* Now, the *new* definition will: */ \
249 	"state @ if "		/* if in compiling state: */ \
250 	"1 postpone literal "	/* pass 1 flag to indicate compile */ \
251 	"@ compile, "		/* compile in previous definition */ \
252 	"postpone throw "	/* throw stack-returned result */ \
253 	"else "		/* if in interpreting state: */ \
254 	"0 swap "		/* pass 0 flag to indicate interpret */ \
255 	"@ execute "		/* call previous definition */ \
256 	"throw "			/* throw stack-returned result */ \
257 	"then ; "
258 
259 /*
260  * Initialise the Forth interpreter, create all our commands as words.
261  */
262 void
263 bf_init(char *rc)
264 {
265 	struct bootblk_command	**cmdp;
266 	char create_buf[41];	/* 31 characters-long builtins */
267 	int fd, rv;
268 	ficlDictionary *dict;
269 	ficlDictionary *env;
270 
271 	fsi = malloc(sizeof (ficlSystemInformation));
272 	ficlSystemInformationInitialize(fsi);
273 	fsi->dictionarySize = BF_DICTSIZE;
274 
275 	bf_sys = ficlSystemCreate(fsi);
276 	bf_vm = ficlSystemCreateVm(bf_sys);
277 
278 	/* Put all private definitions in a "builtins" vocabulary */
279 	rv = ficlVmEvaluate(bf_vm,
280 	    "vocabulary builtins also builtins definitions");
281 	if (rv != FICL_VM_STATUS_OUT_OF_TEXT) {
282 		panic("error interpreting forth: %d", rv);
283 	}
284 
285 	/* Builtin constructor word  */
286 	rv = ficlVmEvaluate(bf_vm, BUILTIN_CONSTRUCTOR);
287 	if (rv != FICL_VM_STATUS_OUT_OF_TEXT) {
288 		panic("error interpreting forth: %d", rv);
289 	}
290 
291 	/* make all commands appear as Forth words */
292 	dict = ficlSystemGetDictionary(bf_sys);
293 	SET_FOREACH(cmdp, Xcommand_set) {
294 		(void) ficlDictionaryAppendPrimitive(dict,
295 		    (char *)(*cmdp)->c_name, bf_command, FICL_WORD_DEFAULT);
296 		rv = ficlVmEvaluate(bf_vm, "forth definitions builtins");
297 		if (rv != FICL_VM_STATUS_OUT_OF_TEXT) {
298 			panic("error interpreting forth: %d", rv);
299 		}
300 		(void) snprintf(create_buf, sizeof (create_buf),
301 		    "builtin: %s", (*cmdp)->c_name);
302 		rv = ficlVmEvaluate(bf_vm, create_buf);
303 		if (rv != FICL_VM_STATUS_OUT_OF_TEXT) {
304 			panic("error interpreting forth: %d", rv);
305 		}
306 		rv = ficlVmEvaluate(bf_vm, "builtins definitions");
307 		if (rv != FICL_VM_STATUS_OUT_OF_TEXT) {
308 			panic("error interpreting forth: %d", rv);
309 		}
310 	}
311 	rv = ficlVmEvaluate(bf_vm, "only forth definitions");
312 	if (rv != FICL_VM_STATUS_OUT_OF_TEXT) {
313 		panic("error interpreting forth: %d", rv);
314 	}
315 
316 	/*
317 	 * Export some version numbers so that code can detect the loader/host
318 	 * version
319 	 */
320 	env = ficlSystemGetEnvironment(bf_sys);
321 	(void) ficlDictionarySetConstant(env, "loader_version", bootprog_rev);
322 
323 	/* try to load and run init file if present */
324 	if (rc == NULL)
325 		rc = "/boot/forth/boot.4th";
326 	if (*rc != '\0') {
327 		fd = open(rc, O_RDONLY);
328 		if (fd != -1) {
329 			(void) ficlExecFD(bf_vm, fd);
330 			(void) close(fd);
331 		}
332 	}
333 }
334 
335 /*
336  * Feed a line of user input to the Forth interpreter
337  */
338 int
339 bf_run(char *line)
340 {
341 	int result;
342 	ficlString s;
343 
344 	FICL_STRING_SET_FROM_CSTRING(s, line);
345 	result = ficlVmExecuteString(bf_vm, s);
346 
347 	DPRINTF("ficlExec '%s' = %d", line, result);
348 	switch (result) {
349 	case FICL_VM_STATUS_OUT_OF_TEXT:
350 	case FICL_VM_STATUS_ABORTQ:
351 	case FICL_VM_STATUS_QUIT:
352 	case FICL_VM_STATUS_ERROR_EXIT:
353 		break;
354 	case FICL_VM_STATUS_USER_EXIT:
355 		printf("No where to leave to!\n");
356 		break;
357 	case FICL_VM_STATUS_ABORT:
358 		printf("Aborted!\n");
359 		break;
360 	case BF_PARSE:
361 		printf("Parse error!\n");
362 		break;
363 	default:
364 		if (command_errmsg != NULL) {
365 			printf("%s\n", command_errmsg);
366 			command_errmsg = NULL;
367 		}
368 	}
369 
370 	/* bye is same as reboot and will behave depending on platform */
371 	if (result == FICL_VM_STATUS_USER_EXIT)
372 		(void) bf_run("reboot");
373 	(void) setenv("interpret", bf_vm->state ? "" : "ok", 1);
374 
375 	return (result);
376 }
377