xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/rarpd/rarpd.c (revision 955c8cbb4960e6cf3602de144b1b9154a5092968)
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1996
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that: (1) source code distributions
7  * retain the above copyright notice and this paragraph in its entirety, (2)
8  * distributions including binary code include the above copyright notice and
9  * this paragraph in its entirety in the documentation or other materials
10  * provided with the distribution
11  *
12  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
13  * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
14  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
15  */
16 
17 #if 0
18 #ifndef lint
19 static const char copyright[] =
20 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1996\n\
21 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
22 #endif /* not lint */
23 #endif
24 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
25 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
26 
27 /*
28  * rarpd - Reverse ARP Daemon
29  *
30  * Usage:	rarpd -a [-dfsv] [-t directory] [-P pidfile] [hostname]
31  *		rarpd [-dfsv] [-t directory] [-P pidfile] interface [hostname]
32  *
33  * 'hostname' is optional solely for backwards compatibility with Sun's rarpd.
34  * Currently, the argument is ignored.
35  */
36 #include <sys/param.h>
37 #include <sys/file.h>
38 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
39 #include <sys/socket.h>
40 #include <sys/time.h>
41 
42 #include <net/bpf.h>
43 #include <net/ethernet.h>
44 #include <net/if.h>
45 #include <net/if_types.h>
46 #include <net/if_dl.h>
47 #include <net/route.h>
48 
49 #include <netinet/in.h>
50 #include <netinet/if_ether.h>
51 
52 #include <arpa/inet.h>
53 
54 #include <dirent.h>
55 #include <errno.h>
56 #include <ifaddrs.h>
57 #include <netdb.h>
58 #include <stdarg.h>
59 #include <stdio.h>
60 #include <string.h>
61 #include <syslog.h>
62 #include <stdlib.h>
63 #include <unistd.h>
64 #include <libutil.h>
65 
66 /* Cast a struct sockaddr to a struct sockaddr_in */
67 #define SATOSIN(sa) ((struct sockaddr_in *)(sa))
68 
69 #ifndef TFTP_DIR
70 #define TFTP_DIR "/tftpboot"
71 #endif
72 
73 #define ARPSECS (20 * 60)		/* as per code in netinet/if_ether.c */
74 #define REVARP_REQUEST ARPOP_REVREQUEST
75 #define REVARP_REPLY ARPOP_REVREPLY
76 
77 /*
78  * The structure for each interface.
79  */
80 struct if_info {
81 	struct if_info	*ii_next;
82 	int		ii_fd;			/* BPF file descriptor */
83 	in_addr_t	ii_ipaddr;		/* IP address */
84 	in_addr_t	ii_netmask;		/* subnet or net mask */
85 	u_char		ii_eaddr[ETHER_ADDR_LEN];	/* ethernet address */
86 	char		ii_ifname[IF_NAMESIZE];
87 };
88 
89 /*
90  * The list of all interfaces that are being listened to.  rarp_loop()
91  * "selects" on the descriptors in this list.
92  */
93 struct if_info *iflist;
94 
95 int verbose;			/* verbose messages */
96 const char *tftp_dir = TFTP_DIR;	/* tftp directory */
97 
98 int dflag;			/* messages to stdout/stderr, not syslog(3) */
99 int sflag;			/* ignore /tftpboot */
100 
101 static	u_char zero[6];
102 
103 static char pidfile_buf[PATH_MAX];
104 static char *pidfile;
105 #define	RARPD_PIDFILE	"/var/run/rarpd.%s.pid"
106 static struct pidfh *pidfile_fh;
107 
108 static int	bpf_open(void);
109 static in_addr_t	choose_ipaddr(in_addr_t **, in_addr_t, in_addr_t);
110 static char	*eatoa(u_char *);
111 static int	expand_syslog_m(const char *fmt, char **newfmt);
112 static void	init(char *);
113 static void	init_one(struct ifaddrs *, char *, int);
114 static char	*intoa(in_addr_t);
115 static in_addr_t	ipaddrtonetmask(in_addr_t);
116 static void	logmsg(int, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
117 static int	rarp_bootable(in_addr_t);
118 static int	rarp_check(u_char *, u_int);
119 static void	rarp_loop(void);
120 static int	rarp_open(char *);
121 static void	rarp_process(struct if_info *, u_char *, u_int);
122 static void	rarp_reply(struct if_info *, struct ether_header *,
123 		in_addr_t, u_int);
124 static void	update_arptab(u_char *, in_addr_t);
125 static void	usage(void);
126 
127 int
128 main(int argc, char *argv[])
129 {
130 	int op;
131 	char *ifname, *name;
132 
133 	int aflag = 0;		/* listen on "all" interfaces  */
134 	int fflag = 0;		/* don't fork */
135 
136 	if ((name = strrchr(argv[0], '/')) != NULL)
137 		++name;
138 	else
139 		name = argv[0];
140 	if (*name == '-')
141 		++name;
142 
143 	/*
144 	 * All error reporting is done through syslog, unless -d is specified
145 	 */
146 	openlog(name, LOG_PID | LOG_CONS, LOG_DAEMON);
147 
148 	opterr = 0;
149 	while ((op = getopt(argc, argv, "adfsP:t:v")) != -1)
150 		switch (op) {
151 		case 'a':
152 			++aflag;
153 			break;
154 
155 		case 'd':
156 			++dflag;
157 			break;
158 
159 		case 'f':
160 			++fflag;
161 			break;
162 
163 		case 's':
164 			++sflag;
165 			break;
166 
167 		case 'P':
168 			strncpy(pidfile_buf, optarg, sizeof(pidfile_buf) - 1);
169 			pidfile_buf[sizeof(pidfile_buf) - 1] = '\0';
170 			pidfile = pidfile_buf;
171 			break;
172 
173 		case 't':
174 			tftp_dir = optarg;
175 			break;
176 
177 		case 'v':
178 			++verbose;
179 			break;
180 
181 		default:
182 			usage();
183 			/* NOTREACHED */
184 		}
185 	argc -= optind;
186 	argv += optind;
187 
188 	ifname = (aflag == 0) ? argv[0] : NULL;
189 
190 	if ((aflag && ifname) || (!aflag && ifname == NULL))
191 		usage();
192 
193 	init(ifname);
194 
195 	if (!fflag) {
196 		if (pidfile == NULL && ifname != NULL && aflag == 0) {
197 			snprintf(pidfile_buf, sizeof(pidfile_buf) - 1,
198 			    RARPD_PIDFILE, ifname);
199 			pidfile_buf[sizeof(pidfile_buf) - 1] = '\0';
200 			pidfile = pidfile_buf;
201 		}
202 		/* If pidfile == NULL, /var/run/<progname>.pid will be used. */
203 		pidfile_fh = pidfile_open(pidfile, 0600, NULL);
204 		if (pidfile_fh == NULL)
205 			logmsg(LOG_ERR, "Cannot open or create pidfile: %s",
206 			    (pidfile == NULL) ? "/var/run/rarpd.pid" : pidfile);
207 		if (daemon(0,0)) {
208 			logmsg(LOG_ERR, "cannot fork");
209 			pidfile_remove(pidfile_fh);
210 			exit(1);
211 		}
212 		pidfile_write(pidfile_fh);
213 	}
214 	rarp_loop();
215 	return(0);
216 }
217 
218 /*
219  * Add to the interface list.
220  */
221 static void
222 init_one(struct ifaddrs *ifa, char *target, int pass1)
223 {
224 	struct if_info *ii, *ii2;
225 	struct sockaddr_dl *ll;
226 	int family;
227 
228 	family = ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family;
229 	switch (family) {
230 	case AF_INET:
231 		if (pass1)
232 			/* Consider only AF_LINK during pass1. */
233 			return;
234 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
235 	case AF_LINK:
236 		if (!(ifa->ifa_flags & IFF_UP) ||
237 		    (ifa->ifa_flags & (IFF_LOOPBACK | IFF_POINTOPOINT)))
238 			return;
239 		break;
240 	default:
241 		return;
242 	}
243 
244 	/* Don't bother going any further if not the target interface */
245 	if (target != NULL && strcmp(ifa->ifa_name, target) != 0)
246 		return;
247 
248 	/* Look for interface in list */
249 	for (ii = iflist; ii != NULL; ii = ii->ii_next)
250 		if (strcmp(ifa->ifa_name, ii->ii_ifname) == 0)
251 			break;
252 
253 	if (pass1 && ii != NULL)
254 		/* We've already seen that interface once. */
255 		return;
256 
257 	/* Allocate a new one if not found */
258 	if (ii == NULL) {
259 		ii = (struct if_info *)malloc(sizeof(*ii));
260 		if (ii == NULL) {
261 			logmsg(LOG_ERR, "malloc: %m");
262 			pidfile_remove(pidfile_fh);
263 			exit(1);
264 		}
265 		bzero(ii, sizeof(*ii));
266 		ii->ii_fd = -1;
267 		strlcpy(ii->ii_ifname, ifa->ifa_name, sizeof(ii->ii_ifname));
268 		ii->ii_next = iflist;
269 		iflist = ii;
270 	} else if (!pass1 && ii->ii_ipaddr != 0) {
271 		/*
272 		 * Second AF_INET definition for that interface: clone
273 		 * the existing one, and work on that cloned one.
274 		 * This must be another IP address for this interface,
275 		 * so avoid killing the previous configuration.
276 		 */
277 		ii2 = (struct if_info *)malloc(sizeof(*ii2));
278 		if (ii2 == NULL) {
279 			logmsg(LOG_ERR, "malloc: %m");
280 			pidfile_remove(pidfile_fh);
281 			exit(1);
282 		}
283 		memcpy(ii2, ii, sizeof(*ii2));
284 		ii2->ii_fd = -1;
285 		ii2->ii_next = iflist;
286 		iflist = ii2;
287 
288 		ii = ii2;
289 	}
290 
291 	switch (family) {
292 	case AF_INET:
293 		ii->ii_ipaddr = SATOSIN(ifa->ifa_addr)->sin_addr.s_addr;
294 		ii->ii_netmask = SATOSIN(ifa->ifa_netmask)->sin_addr.s_addr;
295 		if (ii->ii_netmask == 0)
296 			ii->ii_netmask = ipaddrtonetmask(ii->ii_ipaddr);
297 		if (ii->ii_fd < 0)
298 			ii->ii_fd = rarp_open(ii->ii_ifname);
299 		break;
300 
301 	case AF_LINK:
302 		ll = (struct sockaddr_dl *)ifa->ifa_addr;
303 		switch (ll->sdl_type) {
304 		case IFT_ETHER:
305 		case IFT_L2VLAN:
306 			bcopy(LLADDR(ll), ii->ii_eaddr, 6);
307 		}
308 		break;
309 	}
310 }
311 /*
312  * Initialize all "candidate" interfaces that are in the system
313  * configuration list.  A "candidate" is up, not loopback and not
314  * point to point.
315  */
316 static void
317 init(char *target)
318 {
319 	struct if_info *ii, *nii, *lii;
320 	struct ifaddrs *ifhead, *ifa;
321 	int error;
322 
323 	error = getifaddrs(&ifhead);
324 	if (error) {
325 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "getifaddrs: %m");
326 		pidfile_remove(pidfile_fh);
327 		exit(1);
328 	}
329 	/*
330 	 * We make two passes over the list we have got.  In the first
331 	 * one, we only collect AF_LINK interfaces, and initialize our
332 	 * list of interfaces from them.  In the second pass, we
333 	 * collect the actual IP addresses from the AF_INET
334 	 * interfaces, and allow for the same interface name to appear
335 	 * multiple times (in case of more than one IP address).
336 	 */
337 	for (ifa = ifhead; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next)
338 		init_one(ifa, target, 1);
339 	for (ifa = ifhead; ifa != NULL; ifa = ifa->ifa_next)
340 		init_one(ifa, target, 0);
341 	freeifaddrs(ifhead);
342 
343 	/* Throw away incomplete interfaces */
344 	lii = NULL;
345 	for (ii = iflist; ii != NULL; ii = nii) {
346 		nii = ii->ii_next;
347 		if (ii->ii_ipaddr == 0 ||
348 		    bcmp(ii->ii_eaddr, zero, 6) == 0) {
349 			if (lii == NULL)
350 				iflist = nii;
351 			else
352 				lii->ii_next = nii;
353 			if (ii->ii_fd >= 0)
354 				close(ii->ii_fd);
355 			free(ii);
356 			continue;
357 		}
358 		lii = ii;
359 	}
360 
361 	/* Verbose stuff */
362 	if (verbose)
363 		for (ii = iflist; ii != NULL; ii = ii->ii_next)
364 			logmsg(LOG_DEBUG, "%s %s 0x%08x %s",
365 			    ii->ii_ifname, intoa(ntohl(ii->ii_ipaddr)),
366 			    (in_addr_t)ntohl(ii->ii_netmask), eatoa(ii->ii_eaddr));
367 }
368 
369 static void
370 usage(void)
371 {
372 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s\n%s\n",
373 	    "usage: rarpd -a [-dfsv] [-t directory] [-P pidfile]",
374 	    "       rarpd [-dfsv] [-t directory] [-P pidfile] interface");
375 	exit(1);
376 }
377 
378 static int
379 bpf_open(void)
380 {
381 	int fd;
382 	int n = 0;
383 	char device[sizeof "/dev/bpf000"];
384 
385 	/*
386 	 * Go through all the minors and find one that isn't in use.
387 	 */
388 	do {
389 		(void)sprintf(device, "/dev/bpf%d", n++);
390 		fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
391 	} while ((fd == -1) && (errno == EBUSY));
392 
393 	if (fd == -1) {
394 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "%s: %m", device);
395 		pidfile_remove(pidfile_fh);
396 		exit(1);
397 	}
398 	return fd;
399 }
400 
401 /*
402  * Open a BPF file and attach it to the interface named 'device'.
403  * Set immediate mode, and set a filter that accepts only RARP requests.
404  */
405 static int
406 rarp_open(char *device)
407 {
408 	int fd;
409 	struct ifreq ifr;
410 	u_int dlt;
411 	int immediate;
412 
413 	static struct bpf_insn insns[] = {
414 		BPF_STMT(BPF_LD|BPF_H|BPF_ABS, 12),
415 		BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, ETHERTYPE_REVARP, 0, 3),
416 		BPF_STMT(BPF_LD|BPF_H|BPF_ABS, 20),
417 		BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, REVARP_REQUEST, 0, 1),
418 		BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, sizeof(struct ether_arp) +
419 			 sizeof(struct ether_header)),
420 		BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, 0),
421 	};
422 	static struct bpf_program filter = {
423 		sizeof insns / sizeof(insns[0]),
424 		insns
425 	};
426 
427 	fd = bpf_open();
428 	/*
429 	 * Set immediate mode so packets are processed as they arrive.
430 	 */
431 	immediate = 1;
432 	if (ioctl(fd, BIOCIMMEDIATE, &immediate) == -1) {
433 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "BIOCIMMEDIATE: %m");
434 		goto rarp_open_err;
435 	}
436 	strlcpy(ifr.ifr_name, device, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
437 	if (ioctl(fd, BIOCSETIF, (caddr_t)&ifr) == -1) {
438 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "BIOCSETIF: %m");
439 		goto rarp_open_err;
440 	}
441 	/*
442 	 * Check that the data link layer is an Ethernet; this code won't
443 	 * work with anything else.
444 	 */
445 	if (ioctl(fd, BIOCGDLT, (caddr_t)&dlt) == -1) {
446 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "BIOCGDLT: %m");
447 		goto rarp_open_err;
448 	}
449 	if (dlt != DLT_EN10MB) {
450 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "%s is not an ethernet", device);
451 		goto rarp_open_err;
452 	}
453 	/*
454 	 * Set filter program.
455 	 */
456 	if (ioctl(fd, BIOCSETF, (caddr_t)&filter) == -1) {
457 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "BIOCSETF: %m");
458 		goto rarp_open_err;
459 	}
460 	return fd;
461 
462 rarp_open_err:
463 	pidfile_remove(pidfile_fh);
464 	exit(1);
465 }
466 
467 /*
468  * Perform various sanity checks on the RARP request packet.  Return
469  * false on failure and log the reason.
470  */
471 static int
472 rarp_check(u_char *p, u_int len)
473 {
474 	struct ether_header *ep = (struct ether_header *)p;
475 	struct ether_arp *ap = (struct ether_arp *)(p + sizeof(*ep));
476 
477 	if (len < sizeof(*ep) + sizeof(*ap)) {
478 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "truncated request, got %u, expected %lu",
479 				len, (u_long)(sizeof(*ep) + sizeof(*ap)));
480 		return 0;
481 	}
482 	/*
483 	 * XXX This test might be better off broken out...
484 	 */
485 	if (ntohs(ep->ether_type) != ETHERTYPE_REVARP ||
486 	    ntohs(ap->arp_hrd) != ARPHRD_ETHER ||
487 	    ntohs(ap->arp_op) != REVARP_REQUEST ||
488 	    ntohs(ap->arp_pro) != ETHERTYPE_IP ||
489 	    ap->arp_hln != 6 || ap->arp_pln != 4) {
490 		logmsg(LOG_DEBUG, "request fails sanity check");
491 		return 0;
492 	}
493 	if (bcmp((char *)&ep->ether_shost, (char *)&ap->arp_sha, 6) != 0) {
494 		logmsg(LOG_DEBUG, "ether/arp sender address mismatch");
495 		return 0;
496 	}
497 	if (bcmp((char *)&ap->arp_sha, (char *)&ap->arp_tha, 6) != 0) {
498 		logmsg(LOG_DEBUG, "ether/arp target address mismatch");
499 		return 0;
500 	}
501 	return 1;
502 }
503 
504 /*
505  * Loop indefinitely listening for RARP requests on the
506  * interfaces in 'iflist'.
507  */
508 static void
509 rarp_loop(void)
510 {
511 	u_char *buf, *bp, *ep;
512 	int cc, fd;
513 	fd_set fds, listeners;
514 	int bufsize, maxfd = 0;
515 	struct if_info *ii;
516 
517 	if (iflist == NULL) {
518 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "no interfaces");
519 		goto rarpd_loop_err;
520 	}
521 	if (ioctl(iflist->ii_fd, BIOCGBLEN, (caddr_t)&bufsize) == -1) {
522 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "BIOCGBLEN: %m");
523 		goto rarpd_loop_err;
524 	}
525 	buf = malloc(bufsize);
526 	if (buf == NULL) {
527 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "malloc: %m");
528 		goto rarpd_loop_err;
529 	}
530 
531 	while (1) {
532 		/*
533 		 * Find the highest numbered file descriptor for select().
534 		 * Initialize the set of descriptors to listen to.
535 		 */
536 		FD_ZERO(&fds);
537 		for (ii = iflist; ii != NULL; ii = ii->ii_next) {
538 			FD_SET(ii->ii_fd, &fds);
539 			if (ii->ii_fd > maxfd)
540 				maxfd = ii->ii_fd;
541 		}
542 		listeners = fds;
543 		if (select(maxfd + 1, &listeners, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
544 			/* Don't choke when we get ptraced */
545 			if (errno == EINTR)
546 				continue;
547 			logmsg(LOG_ERR, "select: %m");
548 			goto rarpd_loop_err;
549 		}
550 		for (ii = iflist; ii != NULL; ii = ii->ii_next) {
551 			fd = ii->ii_fd;
552 			if (!FD_ISSET(fd, &listeners))
553 				continue;
554 		again:
555 			cc = read(fd, (char *)buf, bufsize);
556 			/* Don't choke when we get ptraced */
557 			if ((cc == -1) && (errno == EINTR))
558 				goto again;
559 
560 			/* Loop through the packet(s) */
561 #define bhp ((struct bpf_hdr *)bp)
562 			bp = buf;
563 			ep = bp + cc;
564 			while (bp < ep) {
565 				u_int caplen, hdrlen;
566 
567 				caplen = bhp->bh_caplen;
568 				hdrlen = bhp->bh_hdrlen;
569 				if (rarp_check(bp + hdrlen, caplen))
570 					rarp_process(ii, bp + hdrlen, caplen);
571 				bp += BPF_WORDALIGN(hdrlen + caplen);
572 			}
573 		}
574 	}
575 #undef bhp
576 	return;
577 
578 rarpd_loop_err:
579 	pidfile_remove(pidfile_fh);
580 	exit(1);
581 }
582 
583 /*
584  * True if this server can boot the host whose IP address is 'addr'.
585  * This check is made by looking in the tftp directory for the
586  * configuration file.
587  */
588 static int
589 rarp_bootable(in_addr_t addr)
590 {
591 	struct dirent *dent;
592 	DIR *d;
593 	char ipname[9];
594 	static DIR *dd = NULL;
595 
596 	(void)sprintf(ipname, "%08X", (in_addr_t)ntohl(addr));
597 
598 	/*
599 	 * If directory is already open, rewind it.  Otherwise, open it.
600 	 */
601 	if ((d = dd) != NULL)
602 		rewinddir(d);
603 	else {
604 		if (chdir(tftp_dir) == -1) {
605 			logmsg(LOG_ERR, "chdir: %s: %m", tftp_dir);
606 			goto rarp_bootable_err;
607 		}
608 		d = opendir(".");
609 		if (d == NULL) {
610 			logmsg(LOG_ERR, "opendir: %m");
611 			goto rarp_bootable_err;
612 		}
613 		dd = d;
614 	}
615 	while ((dent = readdir(d)) != NULL)
616 		if (strncmp(dent->d_name, ipname, 8) == 0)
617 			return 1;
618 	return 0;
619 
620 rarp_bootable_err:
621 	pidfile_remove(pidfile_fh);
622 	exit(1);
623 }
624 
625 /*
626  * Given a list of IP addresses, 'alist', return the first address that
627  * is on network 'net'; 'netmask' is a mask indicating the network portion
628  * of the address.
629  */
630 static in_addr_t
631 choose_ipaddr(in_addr_t **alist, in_addr_t net, in_addr_t netmask)
632 {
633 	for (; *alist; ++alist)
634 		if ((**alist & netmask) == net)
635 			return **alist;
636 	return 0;
637 }
638 
639 /*
640  * Answer the RARP request in 'pkt', on the interface 'ii'.  'pkt' has
641  * already been checked for validity.  The reply is overlaid on the request.
642  */
643 static void
644 rarp_process(struct if_info *ii, u_char *pkt, u_int len)
645 {
646 	struct ether_header *ep;
647 	struct hostent *hp;
648 	in_addr_t target_ipaddr;
649 	char ename[256];
650 
651 	ep = (struct ether_header *)pkt;
652 	/* should this be arp_tha? */
653 	if (ether_ntohost(ename, (struct ether_addr *)&ep->ether_shost) != 0) {
654 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "cannot map %s to name",
655 			eatoa(ep->ether_shost));
656 		return;
657 	}
658 
659 	if ((hp = gethostbyname(ename)) == NULL) {
660 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "cannot map %s to IP address", ename);
661 		return;
662 	}
663 
664 	/*
665 	 * Choose correct address from list.
666 	 */
667 	if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) {
668 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "cannot handle non IP addresses for %s",
669 								ename);
670 		return;
671 	}
672 	target_ipaddr = choose_ipaddr((in_addr_t **)hp->h_addr_list,
673 				      ii->ii_ipaddr & ii->ii_netmask,
674 				      ii->ii_netmask);
675 	if (target_ipaddr == 0) {
676 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "cannot find %s on net %s",
677 		       ename, intoa(ntohl(ii->ii_ipaddr & ii->ii_netmask)));
678 		return;
679 	}
680 	if (sflag || rarp_bootable(target_ipaddr))
681 		rarp_reply(ii, ep, target_ipaddr, len);
682 	else if (verbose > 1)
683 		logmsg(LOG_INFO, "%s %s at %s DENIED (not bootable)",
684 		    ii->ii_ifname,
685 		    eatoa(ep->ether_shost),
686 		    intoa(ntohl(target_ipaddr)));
687 }
688 
689 /*
690  * Poke the kernel arp tables with the ethernet/ip address combinataion
691  * given.  When processing a reply, we must do this so that the booting
692  * host (i.e. the guy running rarpd), won't try to ARP for the hardware
693  * address of the guy being booted (he cannot answer the ARP).
694  */
695 struct sockaddr_inarp sin_inarp = {
696 	sizeof(struct sockaddr_inarp), AF_INET, 0,
697 	{0},
698 	{0},
699 	0, 0
700 };
701 struct sockaddr_dl sin_dl = {
702 	sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl), AF_LINK, 0, IFT_ETHER, 0, 6,
703 	0, ""
704 };
705 struct {
706 	struct rt_msghdr rthdr;
707 	char rtspace[512];
708 } rtmsg;
709 
710 static void
711 update_arptab(u_char *ep, in_addr_t ipaddr)
712 {
713 	struct timespec tp;
714 	int cc;
715 	struct sockaddr_inarp *ar, *ar2;
716 	struct sockaddr_dl *ll, *ll2;
717 	struct rt_msghdr *rt;
718 	int xtype, xindex;
719 	static pid_t pid;
720 	int r;
721 	static int seq;
722 
723 	r = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
724 	if (r == -1) {
725 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "raw route socket: %m");
726 		pidfile_remove(pidfile_fh);
727 		exit(1);
728 	}
729 	pid = getpid();
730 
731 	ar = &sin_inarp;
732 	ar->sin_addr.s_addr = ipaddr;
733 	ll = &sin_dl;
734 	bcopy(ep, LLADDR(ll), 6);
735 
736 	/* Get the type and interface index */
737 	rt = &rtmsg.rthdr;
738 	bzero(rt, sizeof(rtmsg));
739 	rt->rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
740 	rt->rtm_addrs = RTA_DST;
741 	rt->rtm_type = RTM_GET;
742 	rt->rtm_seq = ++seq;
743 	ar2 = (struct sockaddr_inarp *)rtmsg.rtspace;
744 	bcopy(ar, ar2, sizeof(*ar));
745 	rt->rtm_msglen = sizeof(*rt) + sizeof(*ar);
746 	errno = 0;
747 	if ((write(r, rt, rt->rtm_msglen) == -1) && (errno != ESRCH)) {
748 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "rtmsg get write: %m");
749 		close(r);
750 		return;
751 	}
752 	do {
753 		cc = read(r, rt, sizeof(rtmsg));
754 	} while (cc > 0 && (rt->rtm_seq != seq || rt->rtm_pid != pid));
755 	if (cc == -1) {
756 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "rtmsg get read: %m");
757 		close(r);
758 		return;
759 	}
760 	ll2 = (struct sockaddr_dl *)((u_char *)ar2 + ar2->sin_len);
761 	if (ll2->sdl_family != AF_LINK) {
762 		/*
763 		 * XXX I think this means the ip address is not on a
764 		 * directly connected network (the family is AF_INET in
765 		 * this case).
766 		 */
767 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "bogus link family (%d) wrong net for %08X?\n",
768 		    ll2->sdl_family, ipaddr);
769 		close(r);
770 		return;
771 	}
772 	xtype = ll2->sdl_type;
773 	xindex = ll2->sdl_index;
774 
775 	/* Set the new arp entry */
776 	bzero(rt, sizeof(rtmsg));
777 	rt->rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
778 	rt->rtm_addrs = RTA_DST | RTA_GATEWAY;
779 	rt->rtm_inits = RTV_EXPIRE;
780 	clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &tp);
781 	rt->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire = tp.tv_sec + ARPSECS;
782 	rt->rtm_flags = RTF_HOST | RTF_STATIC;
783 	rt->rtm_type = RTM_ADD;
784 	rt->rtm_seq = ++seq;
785 
786 	bcopy(ar, ar2, sizeof(*ar));
787 
788 	ll2 = (struct sockaddr_dl *)((u_char *)ar2 + sizeof(*ar2));
789 	bcopy(ll, ll2, sizeof(*ll));
790 	ll2->sdl_type = xtype;
791 	ll2->sdl_index = xindex;
792 
793 	rt->rtm_msglen = sizeof(*rt) + sizeof(*ar2) + sizeof(*ll2);
794 	errno = 0;
795 	if ((write(r, rt, rt->rtm_msglen) == -1) && (errno != EEXIST)) {
796 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "rtmsg add write: %m");
797 		close(r);
798 		return;
799 	}
800 	do {
801 		cc = read(r, rt, sizeof(rtmsg));
802 	} while (cc > 0 && (rt->rtm_seq != seq || rt->rtm_pid != pid));
803 	close(r);
804 	if (cc == -1) {
805 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "rtmsg add read: %m");
806 		return;
807 	}
808 }
809 
810 /*
811  * Build a reverse ARP packet and sent it out on the interface.
812  * 'ep' points to a valid REVARP_REQUEST.  The REVARP_REPLY is built
813  * on top of the request, then written to the network.
814  *
815  * RFC 903 defines the ether_arp fields as follows.  The following comments
816  * are taken (more or less) straight from this document.
817  *
818  * REVARP_REQUEST
819  *
820  * arp_sha is the hardware address of the sender of the packet.
821  * arp_spa is undefined.
822  * arp_tha is the 'target' hardware address.
823  *   In the case where the sender wishes to determine his own
824  *   protocol address, this, like arp_sha, will be the hardware
825  *   address of the sender.
826  * arp_tpa is undefined.
827  *
828  * REVARP_REPLY
829  *
830  * arp_sha is the hardware address of the responder (the sender of the
831  *   reply packet).
832  * arp_spa is the protocol address of the responder (see the note below).
833  * arp_tha is the hardware address of the target, and should be the same as
834  *   that which was given in the request.
835  * arp_tpa is the protocol address of the target, that is, the desired address.
836  *
837  * Note that the requirement that arp_spa be filled in with the responder's
838  * protocol is purely for convenience.  For instance, if a system were to use
839  * both ARP and RARP, then the inclusion of the valid protocol-hardware
840  * address pair (arp_spa, arp_sha) may eliminate the need for a subsequent
841  * ARP request.
842  */
843 static void
844 rarp_reply(struct if_info *ii, struct ether_header *ep, in_addr_t ipaddr,
845 		u_int len)
846 {
847 	u_int n;
848 	struct ether_arp *ap = (struct ether_arp *)(ep + 1);
849 
850 	update_arptab((u_char *)&ap->arp_sha, ipaddr);
851 
852 	/*
853 	 * Build the rarp reply by modifying the rarp request in place.
854 	 */
855 	ap->arp_op = htons(REVARP_REPLY);
856 
857 #ifdef BROKEN_BPF
858 	ep->ether_type = ETHERTYPE_REVARP;
859 #endif
860 	bcopy((char *)&ap->arp_sha, (char *)&ep->ether_dhost, 6);
861 	bcopy((char *)ii->ii_eaddr, (char *)&ep->ether_shost, 6);
862 	bcopy((char *)ii->ii_eaddr, (char *)&ap->arp_sha, 6);
863 
864 	bcopy((char *)&ipaddr, (char *)ap->arp_tpa, 4);
865 	/* Target hardware is unchanged. */
866 	bcopy((char *)&ii->ii_ipaddr, (char *)ap->arp_spa, 4);
867 
868 	/* Zero possible garbage after packet. */
869 	bzero((char *)ep + (sizeof(*ep) + sizeof(*ap)),
870 			len - (sizeof(*ep) + sizeof(*ap)));
871 	n = write(ii->ii_fd, (char *)ep, len);
872 	if (n != len)
873 		logmsg(LOG_ERR, "write: only %d of %d bytes written", n, len);
874 	if (verbose)
875 		logmsg(LOG_INFO, "%s %s at %s REPLIED", ii->ii_ifname,
876 		    eatoa(ap->arp_tha),
877 		    intoa(ntohl(ipaddr)));
878 }
879 
880 /*
881  * Get the netmask of an IP address.  This routine is used if
882  * SIOCGIFNETMASK doesn't work.
883  */
884 static in_addr_t
885 ipaddrtonetmask(in_addr_t addr)
886 {
887 	addr = ntohl(addr);
888 	if (IN_CLASSA(addr))
889 		return htonl(IN_CLASSA_NET);
890 	if (IN_CLASSB(addr))
891 		return htonl(IN_CLASSB_NET);
892 	if (IN_CLASSC(addr))
893 		return htonl(IN_CLASSC_NET);
894 	logmsg(LOG_DEBUG, "unknown IP address class: %08X", addr);
895 	return htonl(0xffffffff);
896 }
897 
898 /*
899  * A faster replacement for inet_ntoa().
900  */
901 static char *
902 intoa(in_addr_t addr)
903 {
904 	char *cp;
905 	u_int byte;
906 	int n;
907 	static char buf[sizeof(".xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx")];
908 
909 	cp = &buf[sizeof buf];
910 	*--cp = '\0';
911 
912 	n = 4;
913 	do {
914 		byte = addr & 0xff;
915 		*--cp = byte % 10 + '0';
916 		byte /= 10;
917 		if (byte > 0) {
918 			*--cp = byte % 10 + '0';
919 			byte /= 10;
920 			if (byte > 0)
921 				*--cp = byte + '0';
922 		}
923 		*--cp = '.';
924 		addr >>= 8;
925 	} while (--n > 0);
926 
927 	return cp + 1;
928 }
929 
930 static char *
931 eatoa(u_char *ea)
932 {
933 	static char buf[sizeof("xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx")];
934 
935 	(void)sprintf(buf, "%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x",
936 	    ea[0], ea[1], ea[2], ea[3], ea[4], ea[5]);
937 	return (buf);
938 }
939 
940 static void
941 logmsg(int pri, const char *fmt, ...)
942 {
943 	va_list v;
944 	FILE *fp;
945 	char *newfmt;
946 
947 	va_start(v, fmt);
948 	if (dflag) {
949 		if (pri == LOG_ERR)
950 			fp = stderr;
951 		else
952 			fp = stdout;
953 		if (expand_syslog_m(fmt, &newfmt) == -1) {
954 			vfprintf(fp, fmt, v);
955 		} else {
956 			vfprintf(fp, newfmt, v);
957 			free(newfmt);
958 		}
959 		fputs("\n", fp);
960 		fflush(fp);
961 	} else {
962 		vsyslog(pri, fmt, v);
963 	}
964 	va_end(v);
965 }
966 
967 static int
968 expand_syslog_m(const char *fmt, char **newfmt) {
969 	const char *str, *m;
970 	char *p, *np;
971 
972 	p = strdup("");
973 	str = fmt;
974 	while ((m = strstr(str, "%m")) != NULL) {
975 		asprintf(&np, "%s%.*s%s", p, (int)(m - str),
976 		    str, strerror(errno));
977 		free(p);
978 		if (np == NULL) {
979 			errno = ENOMEM;
980 			return (-1);
981 		}
982 		p = np;
983 		str = m + 2;
984 	}
985 
986 	if (*str != '\0') {
987 		asprintf(&np, "%s%s", p, str);
988 		free(p);
989 		if (np == NULL) {
990 			errno = ENOMEM;
991 			return (-1);
992 		}
993 		p = np;
994 	}
995 
996 	*newfmt = p;
997 	return (0);
998 }
999