xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/pwd_mkdb/pwd_mkdb.c (revision a220d00e74dd245b4fca59c5eca0c53963686325)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994
3  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
15  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
16  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
19  *    without specific prior written permission.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef lint
35 static const char copyright[] =
36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994\n\
37 	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
38 #endif /* not lint */
39 
40 #ifndef lint
41 #if 0
42 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)pwd_mkdb.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 4/20/94";
43 #endif
44 static const char rcsid[] =
45   "$FreeBSD$";
46 #endif /* not lint */
47 
48 #include <sys/param.h>
49 #include <sys/stat.h>
50 
51 #include <db.h>
52 #include <err.h>
53 #include <errno.h>
54 #include <fcntl.h>
55 #include <limits.h>
56 #include <pwd.h>
57 #include <signal.h>
58 #include <stdio.h>
59 #include <stdlib.h>
60 #include <string.h>
61 #include <unistd.h>
62 
63 #include "pw_scan.h"
64 
65 #define	INSECURE	1
66 #define	SECURE		2
67 #define	PERM_INSECURE	(S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IROTH)
68 #define	PERM_SECURE	(S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR)
69 
70 HASHINFO openinfo = {
71 	4096,		/* bsize */
72 	32,		/* ffactor */
73 	256,		/* nelem */
74 	2048 * 1024,	/* cachesize */
75 	NULL,		/* hash() */
76 	0		/* lorder */
77 };
78 
79 static enum state { FILE_INSECURE, FILE_SECURE, FILE_ORIG } clean;
80 static struct passwd pwd;			/* password structure */
81 static char *pname;				/* password file name */
82 static char prefix[MAXPATHLEN];
83 
84 static int is_comment;	/* flag for comments */
85 static char line[LINE_MAX];
86 
87 void	cleanup __P((void));
88 void	error __P((char *));
89 void	cp __P((char *, char *, mode_t mode));
90 void	mv __P((char *, char *));
91 int	scan __P((FILE *, struct passwd *));
92 static void	usage __P((void));
93 
94 int
95 main(argc, argv)
96 	int argc;
97 	char *argv[];
98 {
99 	DB *dp, *sdp, *pw_db;
100 	DBT data, sdata, key;
101 	FILE *fp, *oldfp;
102 	sigset_t set;
103 	int ch, cnt, ypcnt, len, makeold, tfd, yp_enabled = 0;
104 	int32_t pw_change, pw_expire;
105 	char *p, *t;
106 	char buf[MAX(MAXPATHLEN, LINE_MAX * 2)], tbuf[1024];
107 	char sbuf[MAX(MAXPATHLEN, LINE_MAX * 2)];
108 	char buf2[MAXPATHLEN];
109 	char sbuf2[MAXPATHLEN];
110 	char *username;
111 	u_int method, methoduid;
112 	int Cflag;
113 	int nblock = 0;
114 
115 	Cflag = 0;
116 	strcpy(prefix, _PATH_PWD);
117 	makeold = 0;
118 	username = NULL;
119 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Cd:ps:u:vN")) != -1)
120 		switch(ch) {
121 		case 'C':                       /* verify only */
122 			Cflag = 1;
123 			break;
124 		case 'd':
125 			strncpy(prefix, optarg, sizeof prefix - 1);
126 			break;
127 		case 'p':			/* create V7 "file.orig" */
128 			makeold = 1;
129 			break;
130 		case 's':			/* change default cachesize */
131 			openinfo.cachesize = atoi(optarg) * 1024 * 1024;
132 			break;
133 		case 'u':			/* only update this record */
134 			username = optarg;
135 			break;
136 		case 'v':                       /* backward compatible */
137 			break;
138 		case 'N':			/* do not wait for lock	*/
139 			nblock = LOCK_NB;
140 			break;
141 		default:
142 			usage();
143 		}
144 	argc -= optind;
145 	argv += optind;
146 
147 	if (argc != 1 || (username && (*username == '+' || *username == '-')))
148 		usage();
149 
150 	/*
151 	 * This could be changed to allow the user to interrupt.
152 	 * Probably not worth the effort.
153 	 */
154 	sigemptyset(&set);
155 	sigaddset(&set, SIGTSTP);
156 	sigaddset(&set, SIGHUP);
157 	sigaddset(&set, SIGINT);
158 	sigaddset(&set, SIGQUIT);
159 	sigaddset(&set, SIGTERM);
160 	(void)sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &set, (sigset_t *)NULL);
161 
162 	/* We don't care what the user wants. */
163 	(void)umask(0);
164 
165 	pname = *argv;
166 
167 	/*
168 	 * Open and lock the original password file.  We have to check
169 	 * the hardlink count after we get the lock to handle any potential
170 	 * unlink/rename race.
171 	 *
172 	 * This lock is necessary when someone runs pwd_mkdb manually, directly
173 	 * on master.passwd, to handle the case where a user might try to
174 	 * change his password while pwd_mkdb is running.
175 	 */
176 	for (;;) {
177 		struct stat st;
178 
179 		if (!(fp = fopen(pname, "r")))
180 			error(pname);
181 		if (flock(fileno(fp), LOCK_EX|nblock) < 0)
182 			error("flock");
183 		if (fstat(fileno(fp), &st) < 0)
184 			error(pname);
185 		if (st.st_nlink != 0)
186 			break;
187 		fclose(fp);
188 		fp = NULL;
189 	}
190 
191 	/* check only if password database is valid */
192 	if (Cflag) {
193 		for (cnt = 1; scan(fp, &pwd); ++cnt);
194 		exit(0);
195 	}
196 
197 	/* Open the temporary insecure password database. */
198 	(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s.tmp", prefix, _MP_DB);
199 	(void)snprintf(sbuf, sizeof(sbuf), "%s/%s.tmp", prefix, _SMP_DB);
200 	if (username) {
201 		(void)snprintf(buf2, sizeof(buf2), "%s/%s", prefix, _MP_DB);
202 		(void)snprintf(sbuf2, sizeof(sbuf2), "%s/%s", prefix, _SMP_DB);
203 
204 		clean = FILE_INSECURE;
205 		cp(buf2, buf, PERM_INSECURE);
206 		dp = dbopen(buf,
207 		    O_RDWR|O_EXCL, PERM_INSECURE, DB_HASH, &openinfo);
208 		if (dp == NULL)
209 			error(buf);
210 
211 		clean = FILE_SECURE;
212 		cp(sbuf2, sbuf, PERM_SECURE);
213 		sdp = dbopen(sbuf,
214 		    O_RDWR|O_EXCL, PERM_SECURE, DB_HASH, &openinfo);
215 		if (sdp == NULL)
216 			error(sbuf);
217 
218 		/*
219 		 * Do some trouble to check if we should store this users
220 		 * uid. Don't use getpwnam/getpwuid as that interferes
221 		 * with NIS.
222 		 */
223 		pw_db = dbopen(_PATH_MP_DB, O_RDONLY, 0, DB_HASH, NULL);
224 		if (!pw_db)
225 			error(_MP_DB);
226 		buf[0] = _PW_KEYBYNAME;
227 		len = strlen(username);
228 
229 		/* Only check that username fits in buffer */
230 		memmove(buf + 1, username, MIN(len, sizeof(buf) - 1));
231 		key.data = (u_char *)buf;
232 		key.size = len + 1;
233 		if ((pw_db->get)(pw_db, &key, &data, 0) == 0) {
234 			p = (char *)data.data;
235 
236 			/* jump over pw_name and pw_passwd, to get to pw_uid */
237 			while (*p++)
238 				;
239 			while (*p++)
240 				;
241 
242 			buf[0] = _PW_KEYBYUID;
243 			memmove(buf + 1, p, sizeof(int));
244 			key.data = (u_char *)buf;
245 			key.size = sizeof(int) + 1;
246 
247 			if ((pw_db->get)(pw_db, &key, &data, 0) == 0) {
248 				/* First field of data.data holds pw_pwname */
249 				if (!strcmp(data.data, username))
250 					methoduid = 0;
251 				else
252 					methoduid = R_NOOVERWRITE;
253 			} else {
254 				methoduid = R_NOOVERWRITE;
255 			}
256 		} else {
257 			methoduid = R_NOOVERWRITE;
258 		}
259 		if ((pw_db->close)(pw_db))
260 			error("close pw_db");
261 		method = 0;
262 	} else {
263 		dp = dbopen(buf,
264 		    O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, PERM_INSECURE, DB_HASH, &openinfo);
265 		if (dp == NULL)
266 			error(buf);
267 		clean = FILE_INSECURE;
268 
269 		sdp = dbopen(sbuf,
270 		    O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, PERM_SECURE, DB_HASH, &openinfo);
271 		if (sdp == NULL)
272 			error(sbuf);
273 		clean = FILE_SECURE;
274 
275 		method = R_NOOVERWRITE;
276 		methoduid = R_NOOVERWRITE;
277 	}
278 
279 	/*
280 	 * Open file for old password file.  Minor trickiness -- don't want to
281 	 * chance the file already existing, since someone (stupidly) might
282 	 * still be using this for permission checking.  So, open it first and
283 	 * fdopen the resulting fd.  The resulting file should be readable by
284 	 * everyone.
285 	 */
286 	if (makeold) {
287 		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.orig", pname);
288 		if ((tfd = open(buf,
289 		    O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, PERM_INSECURE)) < 0)
290 			error(buf);
291 		if ((oldfp = fdopen(tfd, "w")) == NULL)
292 			error(buf);
293 		clean = FILE_ORIG;
294 	}
295 
296 	/*
297 	 * The databases actually contain three copies of the original data.
298 	 * Each password file entry is converted into a rough approximation
299 	 * of a ``struct passwd'', with the strings placed inline.  This
300 	 * object is then stored as the data for three separate keys.  The
301 	 * first key * is the pw_name field prepended by the _PW_KEYBYNAME
302 	 * character.  The second key is the pw_uid field prepended by the
303 	 * _PW_KEYBYUID character.  The third key is the line number in the
304 	 * original file prepended by the _PW_KEYBYNUM character.  (The special
305 	 * characters are prepended to ensure that the keys do not collide.)
306 	 */
307 	ypcnt = 1;
308 	data.data = (u_char *)buf;
309 	sdata.data = (u_char *)sbuf;
310 	key.data = (u_char *)tbuf;
311 	for (cnt = 1; scan(fp, &pwd); ++cnt) {
312 		if (!is_comment &&
313 		    (pwd.pw_name[0] == '+' || pwd.pw_name[0] == '-'))
314 			yp_enabled = 1;
315 		if (is_comment)
316 			--cnt;
317 #define	COMPACT(e)	t = e; while ((*p++ = *t++));
318 		if (!is_comment &&
319 		    (!username || (strcmp(username, pwd.pw_name) == 0))) {
320 			pw_change = pwd.pw_change;
321 			pw_expire = pwd.pw_expire;
322 			/* Create insecure data. */
323 			p = buf;
324 			COMPACT(pwd.pw_name);
325 			COMPACT("*");
326 			memmove(p, &pwd.pw_uid, sizeof(pwd.pw_uid));
327 			p += sizeof(int);
328 			memmove(p, &pwd.pw_gid, sizeof(pwd.pw_gid));
329 			p += sizeof(int);
330 			memmove(p, &pw_change, sizeof(pw_change));
331 			p += sizeof(pw_change);
332 			COMPACT(pwd.pw_class);
333 			COMPACT(pwd.pw_gecos);
334 			COMPACT(pwd.pw_dir);
335 			COMPACT(pwd.pw_shell);
336 			memmove(p, &pw_expire, sizeof(pw_expire));
337 			p += sizeof(pw_expire);
338 			memmove(p, &pwd.pw_fields, sizeof pwd.pw_fields);
339 			p += sizeof pwd.pw_fields;
340 			data.size = p - buf;
341 
342 			/* Create secure data. */
343 			p = sbuf;
344 			COMPACT(pwd.pw_name);
345 			COMPACT(pwd.pw_passwd);
346 			memmove(p, &pwd.pw_uid, sizeof(pwd.pw_uid));
347 			p += sizeof(int);
348 			memmove(p, &pwd.pw_gid, sizeof(pwd.pw_gid));
349 			p += sizeof(int);
350 			memmove(p, &pw_change, sizeof(pw_change));
351 			p += sizeof(pw_change);
352 			COMPACT(pwd.pw_class);
353 			COMPACT(pwd.pw_gecos);
354 			COMPACT(pwd.pw_dir);
355 			COMPACT(pwd.pw_shell);
356 			memmove(p, &pw_expire, sizeof(pw_expire));
357 			p += sizeof(pw_expire);
358 			memmove(p, &pwd.pw_fields, sizeof pwd.pw_fields);
359 			p += sizeof pwd.pw_fields;
360 			sdata.size = p - sbuf;
361 
362 			/* Store insecure by name. */
363 			tbuf[0] = _PW_KEYBYNAME;
364 			len = strlen(pwd.pw_name);
365 			memmove(tbuf + 1, pwd.pw_name, len);
366 			key.size = len + 1;
367 			if ((dp->put)(dp, &key, &data, method) == -1)
368 				error("put");
369 
370 			/* Store insecure by number. */
371 			tbuf[0] = _PW_KEYBYNUM;
372 			memmove(tbuf + 1, &cnt, sizeof(cnt));
373 			key.size = sizeof(cnt) + 1;
374 			if ((dp->put)(dp, &key, &data, method) == -1)
375 				error("put");
376 
377 			/* Store insecure by uid. */
378 			tbuf[0] = _PW_KEYBYUID;
379 			memmove(tbuf + 1, &pwd.pw_uid, sizeof(pwd.pw_uid));
380 			key.size = sizeof(pwd.pw_uid) + 1;
381 			if ((dp->put)(dp, &key, &data, methoduid) == -1)
382 				error("put");
383 
384 			/* Store secure by name. */
385 			tbuf[0] = _PW_KEYBYNAME;
386 			len = strlen(pwd.pw_name);
387 			memmove(tbuf + 1, pwd.pw_name, len);
388 			key.size = len + 1;
389 			if ((sdp->put)(sdp, &key, &sdata, method) == -1)
390 				error("put");
391 
392 			/* Store secure by number. */
393 			tbuf[0] = _PW_KEYBYNUM;
394 			memmove(tbuf + 1, &cnt, sizeof(cnt));
395 			key.size = sizeof(cnt) + 1;
396 			if ((sdp->put)(sdp, &key, &sdata, method) == -1)
397 				error("put");
398 
399 			/* Store secure by uid. */
400 			tbuf[0] = _PW_KEYBYUID;
401 			memmove(tbuf + 1, &pwd.pw_uid, sizeof(pwd.pw_uid));
402 			key.size = sizeof(pwd.pw_uid) + 1;
403 			if ((sdp->put)(sdp, &key, &sdata, methoduid) == -1)
404 				error("put");
405 
406 			/* Store insecure and secure special plus and special minus */
407 			if (pwd.pw_name[0] == '+' || pwd.pw_name[0] == '-') {
408 				tbuf[0] = _PW_KEYYPBYNUM;
409 				memmove(tbuf + 1, &ypcnt, sizeof(cnt));
410 				ypcnt++;
411 				key.size = sizeof(cnt) + 1;
412 				if ((dp->put)(dp, &key, &data, method) == -1)
413 					error("put");
414 				if ((sdp->put)(sdp, &key, &sdata, method) == -1)
415 					error("put");
416 			}
417 		}
418 		/* Create original format password file entry */
419 		if (is_comment && makeold){	/* copy comments */
420 			if (fprintf(oldfp, "%s\n", line) < 0)
421 				error("write old");
422 		} else if (makeold) {
423 			char uidstr[20];
424 			char gidstr[20];
425 
426 			snprintf(uidstr, sizeof(uidstr), "%u", pwd.pw_uid);
427 			snprintf(gidstr, sizeof(gidstr), "%u", pwd.pw_gid);
428 
429 			if (fprintf(oldfp, "%s:*:%s:%s:%s:%s:%s\n",
430 			    pwd.pw_name, pwd.pw_fields & _PWF_UID ? uidstr : "",
431 			    pwd.pw_fields & _PWF_GID ? gidstr : "",
432 			    pwd.pw_gecos, pwd.pw_dir, pwd.pw_shell) < 0)
433 				error("write old");
434 		}
435 	}
436 	/* If YP enabled, set flag. */
437 	if (yp_enabled) {
438 		buf[0] = yp_enabled + 2;
439 		data.size = 1;
440 		tbuf[0] = _PW_KEYYPENABLED;
441 		key.size = 1;
442 		if ((dp->put)(dp, &key, &data, method) == -1)
443 			error("put");
444 		if ((sdp->put)(sdp, &key, &data, method) == -1)
445 			error("put");
446 	}
447 
448 	if ((dp->close)(dp) == -1)
449 		error("close");
450 	if ((sdp->close)(sdp) == -1)
451 		error("close");
452 	if (makeold) {
453 		(void)fflush(oldfp);
454 		if (fclose(oldfp) == EOF)
455 			error("close old");
456 	}
457 
458 	/* Set master.passwd permissions, in case caller forgot. */
459 	(void)fchmod(fileno(fp), S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR);
460 
461 	/* Install as the real password files. */
462 	(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s.tmp", prefix, _MP_DB);
463 	(void)snprintf(buf2, sizeof(buf2), "%s/%s", prefix, _MP_DB);
464 	mv(buf, buf2);
465 	(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s.tmp", prefix, _SMP_DB);
466 	(void)snprintf(buf2, sizeof(buf2), "%s/%s", prefix, _SMP_DB);
467 	mv(buf, buf2);
468 	if (makeold) {
469 		(void)snprintf(buf2, sizeof(buf2), "%s/%s", prefix, _PASSWD);
470 		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.orig", pname);
471 		mv(buf, buf2);
472 	}
473 	/*
474 	 * Move the master password LAST -- chpass(1), passwd(1) and vipw(8)
475 	 * all use flock(2) on it to block other incarnations of themselves.
476 	 * The rename means that everything is unlocked, as the original file
477 	 * can no longer be accessed.
478 	 */
479 	(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", prefix, _MASTERPASSWD);
480 	mv(pname, buf);
481 
482 	/*
483 	 * Close locked password file after rename()
484 	 */
485 	if (fclose(fp) == EOF)
486 		error("close fp");
487 
488 	exit(0);
489 }
490 
491 int
492 scan(fp, pw)
493 	FILE *fp;
494 	struct passwd *pw;
495 {
496 	static int lcnt;
497 	char *p;
498 
499 	if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp))
500 		return (0);
501 	++lcnt;
502 	/*
503 	 * ``... if I swallow anything evil, put your fingers down my
504 	 * throat...''
505 	 *	-- The Who
506 	 */
507 	if (!(p = strchr(line, '\n'))) {
508 		warnx("line too long");
509 		goto fmt;
510 
511 	}
512 	*p = '\0';
513 
514 	/*
515 	 * Ignore comments: ^[ \t]*#
516 	 */
517 	for (p = line; *p != '\0'; p++)
518 		if (*p != ' ' && *p != '\t')
519 			break;
520 	if (*p == '#' || *p == '\0') {
521 		is_comment = 1;
522 		return(1);
523 	} else
524 		is_comment = 0;
525 
526 	if (!__pw_scan(line, pw, _PWSCAN_WARN|_PWSCAN_MASTER)) {
527 		warnx("at line #%d", lcnt);
528 fmt:		errno = EFTYPE;	/* XXX */
529 		error(pname);
530 	}
531 
532 	return (1);
533 }
534 
535 void
536 cp(from, to, mode)
537 	char *from, *to;
538 	mode_t mode;
539 {
540 	static char buf[MAXBSIZE];
541 	int from_fd, rcount, to_fd, wcount;
542 
543 	if ((from_fd = open(from, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
544 		error(from);
545 	if ((to_fd = open(to, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL, mode)) < 0)
546 		error(to);
547 	while ((rcount = read(from_fd, buf, MAXBSIZE)) > 0) {
548 		wcount = write(to_fd, buf, rcount);
549 		if (rcount != wcount || wcount == -1) {
550 			int sverrno = errno;
551 
552 			(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s to %s", from, to);
553 			errno = sverrno;
554 			error(buf);
555 		}
556 	}
557 	if (rcount < 0) {
558 		int sverrno = errno;
559 
560 		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s to %s", from, to);
561 		errno = sverrno;
562 		error(buf);
563 	}
564 }
565 
566 
567 void
568 mv(from, to)
569 	char *from, *to;
570 {
571 	char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
572 
573 	if (rename(from, to)) {
574 		int sverrno = errno;
575 		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s to %s", from, to);
576 		errno = sverrno;
577 		error(buf);
578 	}
579 }
580 
581 void
582 error(name)
583 	char *name;
584 {
585 
586 	warn("%s", name);
587 	cleanup();
588 	exit(1);
589 }
590 
591 void
592 cleanup()
593 {
594 	char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
595 
596 	switch(clean) {
597 	case FILE_ORIG:
598 		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s.orig", pname);
599 		(void)unlink(buf);
600 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
601 	case FILE_SECURE:
602 		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s.tmp", prefix, _SMP_DB);
603 		(void)unlink(buf);
604 		/* FALLTHROUGH */
605 	case FILE_INSECURE:
606 		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s.tmp", prefix, _MP_DB);
607 		(void)unlink(buf);
608 	}
609 }
610 
611 static void
612 usage()
613 {
614 
615 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
616 "usage: pwd_mkdb [-C] [-N] [-p] [-d <dest dir>] [-s <cachesize>] [-u <local username>] file\n");
617 	exit(1);
618 }
619