1.\" Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)pwd_mkdb.8 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93 33.\" 34.Dd June 6, 1993 35.Dt PWD_MKDB 8 36.Os 37.Sh NAME 38.Nm pwd_mkdb 39.Nd "generate the password databases" 40.Sh SYNOPSIS 41.Nm pwd_mkdb 42.Op Fl p 43.Op Fl d Ar directory 44.Ar file 45.Sh DESCRIPTION 46.Nm Pwd_mkdb 47creates 48.Xr db 3 49style secure and insecure databases for the specified file. 50These databases are then installed into 51.Dq Pa /etc/spwd.db 52and 53.Dq Pa /etc/pwd.db 54respectively. 55The file is installed into 56.Dq Pa /etc/master.passwd . 57The file must be in the correct format (see 58.Xr passwd 5 ) . 59It is important to note that the format used in this system is 60different from the historic Version 7 style format. 61.Pp 62The options are as follows: 63.Bl -tag -width flag 64.It Fl p 65Create a Version 7 style password file and install it into 66.Dq Pa /etc/passwd . 67.It Fl d 68Store databases into specified destination directory instead of 69.Dq Pa /etc . 70.El 71.Pp 72The two databases differ in that the secure version contains the user's 73encrypted password and the insecure version has an asterisk (``*'') 74.Pp 75The databases are used by the C library password routines (see 76.Xr getpwent 3 ) . 77.Pp 78.Nm Pwd_mkdb 79exits zero on success, non-zero on failure. 80.Sh FILES 81.Bl -tag -width Pa -compact 82.It Pa /etc/pwd.db 83The insecure password database file. 84.It Pa /etc/pwd.db.tmp 85A temporary file. 86.It Pa /etc/spwd.db 87The secure password database file. 88.It Pa /etc/spwd.db.tmp 89A temporary file. 90.It Pa /etc/master.passwd 91The current password file. 92.It Pa /etc/passwd 93A Version 7 format password file. 94.El 95.Sh BUGS 96Because of the necessity for atomic update of the password files, 97.Nm pwd_mkdb 98uses 99.Xr rename 2 100to install them. 101This, however, requires that the file specified on the command line live 102on the same file system as the 103.Dq Pa /etc 104directory. 105.Pp 106There are the obvious races with multiple people running 107.Nm pwd_mkdb 108on different password files at the same time. 109The front-ends to 110.Nm pwd_mkdb , 111.Xr chpass 1 , 112.Xr passwd 1 113and 114.Xr vipw 8 , 115handle the locking necessary to avoid this problem. 116.Sh COMPATIBILITY 117Previous versions of the system had a program similar to 118.Nm pwd_mkdb , 119.Xr mkpasswd 8 , 120which built 121.Xr dbm 3 122style databases for the password file but depended on the calling programs 123to install them. 124The program was renamed in order that previous users of the program 125not be surprised by the changes in functionality. 126.Sh SEE ALSO 127.Xr chpass 1 , 128.Xr passwd 1 , 129.Xr db 3 , 130.Xr getpwent 3 , 131.Xr passwd 5 , 132.Xr vipw 8 133