xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/pw/pw_user.c (revision 6e778a7efdc0e804471750157f6bacd1ef7d1580)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 1996
5  *	David L. Nugent.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY DAVID L. NUGENT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL DAVID L. NUGENT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  *
28  */
29 
30 #ifndef lint
31 static const char rcsid[] =
32   "$FreeBSD$";
33 #endif /* not lint */
34 
35 #include <sys/param.h>
36 #include <sys/types.h>
37 
38 #include <assert.h>
39 #include <ctype.h>
40 #include <dirent.h>
41 #include <err.h>
42 #include <errno.h>
43 #include <fcntl.h>
44 #include <grp.h>
45 #include <pwd.h>
46 #include <libutil.h>
47 #include <login_cap.h>
48 #include <paths.h>
49 #include <string.h>
50 #include <sysexits.h>
51 #include <termios.h>
52 #include <unistd.h>
53 
54 #include "pw.h"
55 #include "bitmap.h"
56 #include "psdate.h"
57 
58 #define LOGNAMESIZE (MAXLOGNAME-1)
59 
60 static		char locked_str[] = "*LOCKED*";
61 
62 static struct passwd fakeuser = {
63 	"nouser",
64 	"*",
65 	-1,
66 	-1,
67 	0,
68 	"",
69 	"User &",
70 	"/nonexistent",
71 	"/bin/sh",
72 	0,
73 	0
74 };
75 
76 static int	 print_user(struct passwd *pwd, bool pretty, bool v7);
77 static uid_t	 pw_uidpolicy(struct userconf *cnf, intmax_t id);
78 static uid_t	 pw_gidpolicy(struct userconf *cnf, char *grname, char *nam,
79     gid_t prefer, bool dryrun);
80 static char	*pw_homepolicy(struct userconf * cnf, char *homedir,
81     const char *user);
82 static char	*pw_shellpolicy(struct userconf * cnf);
83 static char	*pw_password(struct userconf * cnf, char const * user,
84     bool dryrun);
85 static char	*shell_path(char const * path, char *shells[], char *sh);
86 static void	rmat(uid_t uid);
87 static void	rmopie(char const * name);
88 
89 static void
90 mkdir_home_parents(int dfd, const char *dir)
91 {
92 	struct stat st;
93 	char *dirs, *tmp;
94 
95 	if (*dir != '/')
96 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid base directory for home '%s'", dir);
97 
98 	dir++;
99 
100 	if (fstatat(dfd, dir, &st, 0) != -1) {
101 		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
102 			return;
103 		errx(EX_OSFILE, "root home `/%s' is not a directory", dir);
104 	}
105 
106 	dirs = strdup(dir);
107 	if (dirs == NULL)
108 		errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "out of memory");
109 
110 	tmp = strrchr(dirs, '/');
111 	if (tmp == NULL) {
112 		free(dirs);
113 		return;
114 	}
115 	tmp[0] = '\0';
116 
117 	/*
118 	 * This is a kludge especially for Joerg :)
119 	 * If the home directory would be created in the root partition, then
120 	 * we really create it under /usr which is likely to have more space.
121 	 * But we create a symlink from cnf->home -> "/usr" -> cnf->home
122 	 */
123 	if (strchr(dirs, '/') == NULL) {
124 		asprintf(&tmp, "usr/%s", dirs);
125 		if (tmp == NULL)
126 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "out of memory");
127 		if (mkdirat(dfd, tmp, _DEF_DIRMODE) != -1 || errno == EEXIST) {
128 			fchownat(dfd, tmp, 0, 0, 0);
129 			symlinkat(tmp, dfd, dirs);
130 		}
131 		free(tmp);
132 	}
133 	tmp = dirs;
134 	if (fstatat(dfd, dirs, &st, 0) == -1) {
135 		while ((tmp = strchr(tmp + 1, '/')) != NULL) {
136 			*tmp = '\0';
137 			if (fstatat(dfd, dirs, &st, 0) == -1) {
138 				if (mkdirat(dfd, dirs, _DEF_DIRMODE) == -1)
139 					err(EX_OSFILE,  "'%s' (root home parent) is not a directory", dirs);
140 			}
141 			*tmp = '/';
142 		}
143 	}
144 	if (fstatat(dfd, dirs, &st, 0) == -1) {
145 		if (mkdirat(dfd, dirs, _DEF_DIRMODE) == -1)
146 			err(EX_OSFILE,  "'%s' (root home parent) is not a directory", dirs);
147 		fchownat(dfd, dirs, 0, 0, 0);
148 	}
149 
150 	free(dirs);
151 }
152 
153 static void
154 create_and_populate_homedir(struct userconf *cnf, struct passwd *pwd,
155     const char *skeldir, mode_t homemode, bool update)
156 {
157 	int skelfd = -1;
158 
159 	/* Create home parents directories */
160 	mkdir_home_parents(conf.rootfd, pwd->pw_dir);
161 
162 	if (skeldir != NULL && *skeldir != '\0') {
163 		if (*skeldir == '/')
164 			skeldir++;
165 		skelfd = openat(conf.rootfd, skeldir, O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC);
166 	}
167 
168 	copymkdir(conf.rootfd, pwd->pw_dir, skelfd, homemode, pwd->pw_uid,
169 	    pwd->pw_gid, 0);
170 	pw_log(cnf, update ? M_UPDATE : M_ADD, W_USER, "%s(%ju) home %s made",
171 	    pwd->pw_name, (uintmax_t)pwd->pw_uid, pwd->pw_dir);
172 }
173 
174 static int
175 pw_set_passwd(struct passwd *pwd, int fd, bool precrypted, bool update)
176 {
177 	int		 b, istty;
178 	struct termios	 t, n;
179 	login_cap_t	*lc;
180 	char		line[_PASSWORD_LEN+1];
181 	char		*p;
182 
183 	if (fd == '-') {
184 		if (!pwd->pw_passwd || *pwd->pw_passwd != '*') {
185 			pwd->pw_passwd = "*";	/* No access */
186 			return (1);
187 		}
188 		return (0);
189 	}
190 
191 	if ((istty = isatty(fd))) {
192 		if (tcgetattr(fd, &t) == -1)
193 			istty = 0;
194 		else {
195 			n = t;
196 			n.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO);
197 			tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &n);
198 			printf("%s%spassword for user %s:",
199 			    update ? "new " : "",
200 			    precrypted ? "encrypted " : "",
201 			    pwd->pw_name);
202 			fflush(stdout);
203 		}
204 	}
205 	b = read(fd, line, sizeof(line) - 1);
206 	if (istty) {	/* Restore state */
207 		tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &t);
208 		fputc('\n', stdout);
209 		fflush(stdout);
210 	}
211 
212 	if (b < 0)
213 		err(EX_IOERR, "-%c file descriptor",
214 		    precrypted ? 'H' : 'h');
215 	line[b] = '\0';
216 	if ((p = strpbrk(line, "\r\n")) != NULL)
217 		*p = '\0';
218 	if (!*line)
219 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "empty password read on file descriptor %d",
220 		    fd);
221 	if (precrypted) {
222 		if (strchr(line, ':') != NULL)
223 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad encrypted password");
224 		pwd->pw_passwd = strdup(line);
225 	} else {
226 		lc = login_getpwclass(pwd);
227 		if (lc == NULL ||
228 				login_setcryptfmt(lc, "sha512", NULL) == NULL)
229 			warn("setting crypt(3) format");
230 		login_close(lc);
231 		pwd->pw_passwd = pw_pwcrypt(line);
232 	}
233 	return (1);
234 }
235 
236 static void
237 perform_chgpwent(const char *name, struct passwd *pwd, char *nispasswd)
238 {
239 	int rc;
240 	struct passwd *nispwd;
241 
242 	/* duplicate for nis so that chgpwent is not modifying before NIS */
243 	if (nispasswd && *nispasswd == '/')
244 		nispwd = pw_dup(pwd);
245 
246 	rc = chgpwent(name, pwd);
247 	if (rc == -1)
248 		errx(EX_IOERR, "user '%s' does not exist (NIS?)", pwd->pw_name);
249 	else if (rc != 0)
250 		err(EX_IOERR, "passwd file update");
251 
252 	if (nispasswd && *nispasswd == '/') {
253 		rc = chgnispwent(nispasswd, name, nispwd);
254 		if (rc == -1)
255 			warn("User '%s' not found in NIS passwd", pwd->pw_name);
256 		else if (rc != 0)
257 			warn("NIS passwd update");
258 		/* NOTE: NIS-only update errors are not fatal */
259 	}
260 }
261 
262 /*
263  * The M_LOCK and M_UNLOCK functions simply add or remove
264  * a "*LOCKED*" prefix from in front of the password to
265  * prevent it decoding correctly, and therefore prevents
266  * access. Of course, this only prevents access via
267  * password authentication (not ssh, kerberos or any
268  * other method that does not use the UNIX password) but
269  * that is a known limitation.
270  */
271 static int
272 pw_userlock(char *arg1, int mode)
273 {
274 	struct passwd *pwd = NULL;
275 	char *passtmp = NULL;
276 	char *name;
277 	bool locked = false;
278 	uid_t id = (uid_t)-1;
279 
280 	if (geteuid() != 0)
281 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "you must be root");
282 
283 	if (arg1 == NULL)
284 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "username or id required");
285 
286 	name = arg1;
287 	if (arg1[strspn(name, "0123456789")] == '\0')
288 		id = pw_checkid(name, UID_MAX);
289 
290 	pwd = GETPWNAM(pw_checkname(name, 0));
291 	if (pwd == NULL && id != (uid_t)-1) {
292 		pwd = GETPWUID(id);
293 		if (pwd != NULL)
294 			name = pwd->pw_name;
295 	}
296 	if (pwd == NULL) {
297 		if (id == (uid_t)-1)
298 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such name or uid `%ju'", (uintmax_t) id);
299 		errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such user `%s'", name);
300 	}
301 
302 	if (name == NULL)
303 		name = pwd->pw_name;
304 
305 	if (strncmp(pwd->pw_passwd, locked_str, sizeof(locked_str) -1) == 0)
306 		locked = true;
307 	if (mode == M_LOCK && locked)
308 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "user '%s' is already locked", pwd->pw_name);
309 	if (mode == M_UNLOCK && !locked)
310 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "user '%s' is not locked", pwd->pw_name);
311 
312 	if (mode == M_LOCK) {
313 		asprintf(&passtmp, "%s%s", locked_str, pwd->pw_passwd);
314 		if (passtmp == NULL)	/* disaster */
315 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "out of memory");
316 		pwd->pw_passwd = passtmp;
317 	} else {
318 		pwd->pw_passwd += sizeof(locked_str)-1;
319 	}
320 
321 	perform_chgpwent(name, pwd, NULL);
322 	free(passtmp);
323 
324 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
325 }
326 
327 static uid_t
328 pw_uidpolicy(struct userconf * cnf, intmax_t id)
329 {
330 	struct passwd  *pwd;
331 	struct bitmap   bm;
332 	uid_t           uid = (uid_t) - 1;
333 
334 	/*
335 	 * Check the given uid, if any
336 	 */
337 	if (id >= 0) {
338 		uid = (uid_t) id;
339 
340 		if ((pwd = GETPWUID(uid)) != NULL && conf.checkduplicate)
341 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "uid `%ju' has already been allocated",
342 			    (uintmax_t)pwd->pw_uid);
343 		return (uid);
344 	}
345 	/*
346 	 * We need to allocate the next available uid under one of
347 	 * two policies a) Grab the first unused uid b) Grab the
348 	 * highest possible unused uid
349 	 */
350 	if (cnf->min_uid >= cnf->max_uid) {	/* Sanity
351 						 * claus^H^H^H^Hheck */
352 		cnf->min_uid = 1000;
353 		cnf->max_uid = 32000;
354 	}
355 	bm = bm_alloc(cnf->max_uid - cnf->min_uid + 1);
356 
357 	/*
358 	 * Now, let's fill the bitmap from the password file
359 	 */
360 	SETPWENT();
361 	while ((pwd = GETPWENT()) != NULL)
362 		if (pwd->pw_uid >= (uid_t) cnf->min_uid && pwd->pw_uid <= (uid_t) cnf->max_uid)
363 			bm_setbit(&bm, pwd->pw_uid - cnf->min_uid);
364 	ENDPWENT();
365 
366 	/*
367 	 * Then apply the policy, with fallback to reuse if necessary
368 	 */
369 	if (cnf->reuse_uids || (uid = (uid_t) (bm_lastset(&bm) + cnf->min_uid + 1)) > cnf->max_uid)
370 		uid = (uid_t) (bm_firstunset(&bm) + cnf->min_uid);
371 
372 	/*
373 	 * Another sanity check
374 	 */
375 	if (uid < cnf->min_uid || uid > cnf->max_uid)
376 		errx(EX_SOFTWARE, "unable to allocate a new uid - range fully used");
377 	bm_dealloc(&bm);
378 	return (uid);
379 }
380 
381 static uid_t
382 pw_gidpolicy(struct userconf *cnf, char *grname, char *nam, gid_t prefer, bool dryrun)
383 {
384 	struct group   *grp;
385 	gid_t           gid = (uid_t) - 1;
386 
387 	/*
388 	 * Check the given gid, if any
389 	 */
390 	SETGRENT();
391 	if (grname) {
392 		if ((grp = GETGRNAM(grname)) == NULL) {
393 			gid = pw_checkid(grname, GID_MAX);
394 			grp = GETGRGID(gid);
395 		}
396 		gid = grp->gr_gid;
397 	} else if ((grp = GETGRNAM(nam)) != NULL &&
398 	    (grp->gr_mem == NULL || grp->gr_mem[0] == NULL)) {
399 		gid = grp->gr_gid;  /* Already created? Use it anyway... */
400 	} else {
401 		intmax_t		grid = -1;
402 
403 		/*
404 		 * We need to auto-create a group with the user's name. We
405 		 * can send all the appropriate output to our sister routine
406 		 * bit first see if we can create a group with gid==uid so we
407 		 * can keep the user and group ids in sync. We purposely do
408 		 * NOT check the gid range if we can force the sync. If the
409 		 * user's name dups an existing group, then the group add
410 		 * function will happily handle that case for us and exit.
411 		 */
412 		if (GETGRGID(prefer) == NULL)
413 			grid = prefer;
414 		if (dryrun) {
415 			gid = pw_groupnext(cnf, true);
416 		} else {
417 			if (grid == -1)
418 				grid =  pw_groupnext(cnf, true);
419 			groupadd(cnf, nam, grid, NULL, -1, false, false, false);
420 			if ((grp = GETGRNAM(nam)) != NULL)
421 				gid = grp->gr_gid;
422 		}
423 	}
424 	ENDGRENT();
425 	return (gid);
426 }
427 
428 static char *
429 pw_homepolicy(struct userconf * cnf, char *homedir, const char *user)
430 {
431 	static char     home[128];
432 
433 	if (homedir)
434 		return (homedir);
435 
436 	if (cnf->home == NULL || *cnf->home == '\0')
437 		errx(EX_CONFIG, "no base home directory set");
438 	snprintf(home, sizeof(home), "%s/%s", cnf->home, user);
439 
440 	return (home);
441 }
442 
443 static char *
444 shell_path(char const * path, char *shells[], char *sh)
445 {
446 	if (sh != NULL && (*sh == '/' || *sh == '\0'))
447 		return sh;	/* specified full path or forced none */
448 	else {
449 		char           *p;
450 		char            paths[_UC_MAXLINE];
451 
452 		/*
453 		 * We need to search paths
454 		 */
455 		strlcpy(paths, path, sizeof(paths));
456 		for (p = strtok(paths, ": \t\r\n"); p != NULL; p = strtok(NULL, ": \t\r\n")) {
457 			int             i;
458 			static char     shellpath[256];
459 
460 			if (sh != NULL) {
461 				snprintf(shellpath, sizeof(shellpath), "%s/%s", p, sh);
462 				if (access(shellpath, X_OK) == 0)
463 					return shellpath;
464 			} else
465 				for (i = 0; i < _UC_MAXSHELLS && shells[i] != NULL; i++) {
466 					snprintf(shellpath, sizeof(shellpath), "%s/%s", p, shells[i]);
467 					if (access(shellpath, X_OK) == 0)
468 						return shellpath;
469 				}
470 		}
471 		if (sh == NULL)
472 			errx(EX_OSFILE, "can't find shell `%s' in shell paths", sh);
473 		errx(EX_CONFIG, "no default shell available or defined");
474 		return NULL;
475 	}
476 }
477 
478 static char *
479 pw_shellpolicy(struct userconf * cnf)
480 {
481 
482 	return shell_path(cnf->shelldir, cnf->shells, cnf->shell_default);
483 }
484 
485 #define	SALTSIZE	32
486 
487 static char const chars[] = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ./";
488 
489 char *
490 pw_pwcrypt(char *password)
491 {
492 	int             i;
493 	char            salt[SALTSIZE + 1];
494 	char		*cryptpw;
495 	static char     buf[256];
496 	size_t		pwlen;
497 
498 	/*
499 	 * Calculate a salt value
500 	 */
501 	for (i = 0; i < SALTSIZE; i++)
502 		salt[i] = chars[arc4random_uniform(sizeof(chars) - 1)];
503 	salt[SALTSIZE] = '\0';
504 
505 	cryptpw = crypt(password, salt);
506 	if (cryptpw == NULL)
507 		errx(EX_CONFIG, "crypt(3) failure");
508 	pwlen = strlcpy(buf, cryptpw, sizeof(buf));
509 	assert(pwlen < sizeof(buf));
510 	return (buf);
511 }
512 
513 static char *
514 pw_password(struct userconf * cnf, char const * user, bool dryrun)
515 {
516 	int             i, l;
517 	char            pwbuf[32];
518 
519 	switch (cnf->default_password) {
520 	case -1:		/* Random password */
521 		l = (arc4random() % 8 + 8);	/* 8 - 16 chars */
522 		for (i = 0; i < l; i++)
523 			pwbuf[i] = chars[arc4random_uniform(sizeof(chars)-1)];
524 		pwbuf[i] = '\0';
525 
526 		/*
527 		 * We give this information back to the user
528 		 */
529 		if (conf.fd == -1 && !dryrun) {
530 			if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
531 				printf("Password for '%s' is: ", user);
532 			printf("%s\n", pwbuf);
533 			fflush(stdout);
534 		}
535 		break;
536 
537 	case -2:		/* No password at all! */
538 		return "";
539 
540 	case 0:		/* No login - default */
541 	default:
542 		return "*";
543 
544 	case 1:		/* user's name */
545 		strlcpy(pwbuf, user, sizeof(pwbuf));
546 		break;
547 	}
548 	return pw_pwcrypt(pwbuf);
549 }
550 
551 static int
552 print_user(struct passwd * pwd, bool pretty, bool v7)
553 {
554 	int		j;
555 	char           *p;
556 	struct group   *grp = GETGRGID(pwd->pw_gid);
557 	char            uname[60] = "User &", office[60] = "[None]",
558 			wphone[60] = "[None]", hphone[60] = "[None]";
559 	char		acexpire[32] = "[None]", pwexpire[32] = "[None]";
560 	struct tm *    tptr;
561 
562 	if (!pretty) {
563 		p = v7 ? pw_make_v7(pwd) : pw_make(pwd);
564 		printf("%s\n", p);
565 		free(p);
566 		return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
567 	}
568 
569 	if ((p = strtok(pwd->pw_gecos, ",")) != NULL) {
570 		strlcpy(uname, p, sizeof(uname));
571 		if ((p = strtok(NULL, ",")) != NULL) {
572 			strlcpy(office, p, sizeof(office));
573 			if ((p = strtok(NULL, ",")) != NULL) {
574 				strlcpy(wphone, p, sizeof(wphone));
575 				if ((p = strtok(NULL, "")) != NULL) {
576 					strlcpy(hphone, p, sizeof(hphone));
577 				}
578 			}
579 		}
580 	}
581 	/*
582 	 * Handle '&' in gecos field
583 	 */
584 	if ((p = strchr(uname, '&')) != NULL) {
585 		int             l = strlen(pwd->pw_name);
586 		int             m = strlen(p);
587 
588 		memmove(p + l, p + 1, m);
589 		memmove(p, pwd->pw_name, l);
590 		*p = (char) toupper((unsigned char)*p);
591 	}
592 	if (pwd->pw_expire > (time_t)0 && (tptr = localtime(&pwd->pw_expire)) != NULL)
593 		strftime(acexpire, sizeof acexpire, "%c", tptr);
594 		if (pwd->pw_change > (time_t)0 && (tptr = localtime(&pwd->pw_change)) != NULL)
595 		strftime(pwexpire, sizeof pwexpire, "%c", tptr);
596 	printf("Login Name: %-15s   #%-12ju Group: %-15s   #%ju\n"
597 	       " Full Name: %s\n"
598 	       "      Home: %-26.26s      Class: %s\n"
599 	       "     Shell: %-26.26s     Office: %s\n"
600 	       "Work Phone: %-26.26s Home Phone: %s\n"
601 	       "Acc Expire: %-26.26s Pwd Expire: %s\n",
602 	       pwd->pw_name, (uintmax_t)pwd->pw_uid,
603 	       grp ? grp->gr_name : "(invalid)", (uintmax_t)pwd->pw_gid,
604 	       uname, pwd->pw_dir, pwd->pw_class,
605 	       pwd->pw_shell, office, wphone, hphone,
606 	       acexpire, pwexpire);
607         SETGRENT();
608 	j = 0;
609 	while ((grp=GETGRENT()) != NULL) {
610 		int     i = 0;
611 		if (grp->gr_mem != NULL) {
612 			while (grp->gr_mem[i] != NULL) {
613 				if (strcmp(grp->gr_mem[i], pwd->pw_name)==0) {
614 					printf(j++ == 0 ? "    Groups: %s" : ",%s", grp->gr_name);
615 					break;
616 				}
617 				++i;
618 			}
619 		}
620 	}
621 	ENDGRENT();
622 	printf("%s", j ? "\n" : "");
623 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
624 }
625 
626 char *
627 pw_checkname(char *name, int gecos)
628 {
629 	char showch[8];
630 	const char *badchars, *ch, *showtype;
631 	int reject;
632 
633 	ch = name;
634 	reject = 0;
635 	if (gecos) {
636 		/* See if the name is valid as a gecos (comment) field. */
637 		badchars = ":!@";
638 		showtype = "gecos field";
639 	} else {
640 		/* See if the name is valid as a userid or group. */
641 		badchars = " ,\t:+&#%$^()!@~*?<>=|\\/\"";
642 		showtype = "userid/group name";
643 		/* Userids and groups can not have a leading '-'. */
644 		if (*ch == '-')
645 			reject = 1;
646 	}
647 	if (!reject) {
648 		while (*ch) {
649 			if (strchr(badchars, *ch) != NULL ||
650 			    (!gecos && *ch < ' ') ||
651 			    *ch == 127) {
652 				reject = 1;
653 				break;
654 			}
655 			/* 8-bit characters are only allowed in GECOS fields */
656 			if (!gecos && (*ch & 0x80)) {
657 				reject = 1;
658 				break;
659 			}
660 			ch++;
661 		}
662 	}
663 	/*
664 	 * A `$' is allowed as the final character for userids and groups,
665 	 * mainly for the benefit of samba.
666 	 */
667 	if (reject && !gecos) {
668 		if (*ch == '$' && *(ch + 1) == '\0') {
669 			reject = 0;
670 			ch++;
671 		}
672 	}
673 	if (reject) {
674 		snprintf(showch, sizeof(showch), (*ch >= ' ' && *ch < 127)
675 		    ? "`%c'" : "0x%02x", *ch);
676 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid character %s at position %td in %s",
677 		    showch, (ch - name), showtype);
678 	}
679 	if (!gecos && (ch - name) > LOGNAMESIZE)
680 		errx(EX_USAGE, "name too long `%s' (max is %d)", name,
681 		    LOGNAMESIZE);
682 
683 	return (name);
684 }
685 
686 static void
687 rmat(uid_t uid)
688 {
689 	DIR            *d = opendir("/var/at/jobs");
690 
691 	if (d != NULL) {
692 		struct dirent  *e;
693 
694 		while ((e = readdir(d)) != NULL) {
695 			struct stat     st;
696 
697 			if (strncmp(e->d_name, ".lock", 5) != 0 &&
698 			    stat(e->d_name, &st) == 0 &&
699 			    !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) &&
700 			    st.st_uid == uid) {
701 				char            tmp[MAXPATHLEN];
702 
703 				snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "/usr/bin/atrm %s",
704 				    e->d_name);
705 				system(tmp);
706 			}
707 		}
708 		closedir(d);
709 	}
710 }
711 
712 static void
713 rmopie(char const * name)
714 {
715 	char tmp[1014];
716 	FILE *fp;
717 	int fd;
718 	size_t len;
719 	off_t	atofs = 0;
720 
721 	if ((fd = openat(conf.rootfd, "etc/opiekeys", O_RDWR)) == -1)
722 		return;
723 
724 	fp = fdopen(fd, "r+");
725 	len = strlen(name);
726 
727 	while (fgets(tmp, sizeof(tmp), fp) != NULL) {
728 		if (strncmp(name, tmp, len) == 0 && tmp[len]==' ') {
729 			/* Comment username out */
730 			if (fseek(fp, atofs, SEEK_SET) == 0)
731 				fwrite("#", 1, 1, fp);
732 			break;
733 		}
734 		atofs = ftell(fp);
735 	}
736 	/*
737 	 * If we got an error of any sort, don't update!
738 	 */
739 	fclose(fp);
740 }
741 
742 int
743 pw_user_next(int argc, char **argv, char *name __unused)
744 {
745 	struct userconf *cnf = NULL;
746 	const char *cfg = NULL;
747 	int ch;
748 	bool quiet = false;
749 	uid_t next;
750 
751 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "C:q")) != -1) {
752 		switch (ch) {
753 		case 'C':
754 			cfg = optarg;
755 			break;
756 		case 'q':
757 			quiet = true;
758 			break;
759 		}
760 	}
761 
762 	if (quiet)
763 		freopen(_PATH_DEVNULL, "w", stderr);
764 
765 	cnf = get_userconfig(cfg);
766 
767 	next = pw_uidpolicy(cnf, -1);
768 
769 	printf("%ju:", (uintmax_t)next);
770 	pw_groupnext(cnf, quiet);
771 
772 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
773 }
774 
775 int
776 pw_user_show(int argc, char **argv, char *arg1)
777 {
778 	struct passwd *pwd = NULL;
779 	char *name = NULL;
780 	intmax_t id = -1;
781 	int ch;
782 	bool all = false;
783 	bool pretty = false;
784 	bool force = false;
785 	bool v7 = false;
786 	bool quiet = false;
787 
788 	if (arg1 != NULL) {
789 		if (arg1[strspn(arg1, "0123456789")] == '\0')
790 			id = pw_checkid(arg1, UID_MAX);
791 		else
792 			name = arg1;
793 	}
794 
795 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "C:qn:u:FPa7")) != -1) {
796 		switch (ch) {
797 		case 'C':
798 			/* ignore compatibility */
799 			break;
800 		case 'q':
801 			quiet = true;
802 			break;
803 		case 'n':
804 			name = optarg;
805 			break;
806 		case 'u':
807 			id = pw_checkid(optarg, UID_MAX);
808 			break;
809 		case 'F':
810 			force = true;
811 			break;
812 		case 'P':
813 			pretty = true;
814 			break;
815 		case 'a':
816 			all = true;
817 			break;
818 		case '7':
819 			v7 = true;
820 			break;
821 		}
822 	}
823 
824 	if (quiet)
825 		freopen(_PATH_DEVNULL, "w", stderr);
826 
827 	if (all) {
828 		SETPWENT();
829 		while ((pwd = GETPWENT()) != NULL)
830 			print_user(pwd, pretty, v7);
831 		ENDPWENT();
832 		return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
833 	}
834 
835 	if (id < 0 && name == NULL)
836 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "username or id required");
837 
838 	pwd = (name != NULL) ? GETPWNAM(pw_checkname(name, 0)) : GETPWUID(id);
839 	if (pwd == NULL) {
840 		if (force) {
841 			pwd = &fakeuser;
842 		} else {
843 			if (name == NULL)
844 				errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such uid `%ju'",
845 				    (uintmax_t) id);
846 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such user `%s'", name);
847 		}
848 	}
849 
850 	return (print_user(pwd, pretty, v7));
851 }
852 
853 int
854 pw_user_del(int argc, char **argv, char *arg1)
855 {
856 	struct userconf *cnf = NULL;
857 	struct passwd *pwd = NULL;
858 	struct group *gr, *grp;
859 	char *name = NULL;
860 	char grname[MAXLOGNAME];
861 	char *nispasswd = NULL;
862 	char file[MAXPATHLEN];
863 	char home[MAXPATHLEN];
864 	const char *cfg = NULL;
865 	struct stat st;
866 	intmax_t id = -1;
867 	int ch, rc;
868 	bool nis = false;
869 	bool deletehome = false;
870 	bool quiet = false;
871 
872 	if (arg1 != NULL) {
873 		if (arg1[strspn(arg1, "0123456789")] == '\0')
874 			id = pw_checkid(arg1, UID_MAX);
875 		else
876 			name = arg1;
877 	}
878 
879 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "C:qn:u:rYy:")) != -1) {
880 		switch (ch) {
881 		case 'C':
882 			cfg = optarg;
883 			break;
884 		case 'q':
885 			quiet = true;
886 			break;
887 		case 'n':
888 			name = optarg;
889 			break;
890 		case 'u':
891 			id = pw_checkid(optarg, UID_MAX);
892 			break;
893 		case 'r':
894 			deletehome = true;
895 			break;
896 		case 'y':
897 			nispasswd = optarg;
898 			break;
899 		case 'Y':
900 			nis = true;
901 			break;
902 		}
903 	}
904 
905 	if (quiet)
906 		freopen(_PATH_DEVNULL, "w", stderr);
907 
908 	if (id < 0 && name == NULL)
909 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "username or id required");
910 
911 	cnf = get_userconfig(cfg);
912 
913 	if (nispasswd == NULL)
914 		nispasswd = cnf->nispasswd;
915 
916 	pwd = (name != NULL) ? GETPWNAM(pw_checkname(name, 0)) : GETPWUID(id);
917 	if (pwd == NULL) {
918 		if (name == NULL)
919 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such uid `%ju'", (uintmax_t) id);
920 		errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such user `%s'", name);
921 	}
922 
923 	if (PWF._altdir == PWF_REGULAR &&
924 	    ((pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE) != _PWF_FILES)) {
925 		if ((pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE) == _PWF_NIS) {
926 			if (!nis && nispasswd && *nispasswd != '/')
927 				errx(EX_NOUSER, "Cannot remove NIS user `%s'",
928 				    name);
929 		} else {
930 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "Cannot remove non local user `%s'",
931 			    name);
932 		}
933 	}
934 
935 	id = pwd->pw_uid;
936 	if (name == NULL)
937 		name = pwd->pw_name;
938 
939 	if (strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") == 0)
940 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "cannot remove user 'root'");
941 
942 	/* Remove opie record from /etc/opiekeys */
943 	if (PWALTDIR() != PWF_ALT)
944 		rmopie(pwd->pw_name);
945 
946 	if (!PWALTDIR()) {
947 		/* Remove crontabs */
948 		snprintf(file, sizeof(file), "/var/cron/tabs/%s", pwd->pw_name);
949 		if (access(file, F_OK) == 0) {
950 			snprintf(file, sizeof(file), "crontab -u %s -r",
951 			    pwd->pw_name);
952 			system(file);
953 		}
954 	}
955 
956 	/*
957 	 * Save these for later, since contents of pwd may be
958 	 * invalidated by deletion
959 	 */
960 	snprintf(file, sizeof(file), "%s/%s", _PATH_MAILDIR, pwd->pw_name);
961 	strlcpy(home, pwd->pw_dir, sizeof(home));
962 	gr = GETGRGID(pwd->pw_gid);
963 	if (gr != NULL)
964 		strlcpy(grname, gr->gr_name, LOGNAMESIZE);
965 	else
966 		grname[0] = '\0';
967 
968 	rc = delpwent(pwd);
969 	if (rc == -1)
970 		err(EX_IOERR, "user '%s' does not exist", pwd->pw_name);
971 	else if (rc != 0)
972 		err(EX_IOERR, "passwd update");
973 
974 	if (nis && nispasswd && *nispasswd=='/') {
975 		rc = delnispwent(nispasswd, name);
976 		if (rc == -1)
977 			warnx("WARNING: user '%s' does not exist in NIS passwd",
978 			    pwd->pw_name);
979 		else if (rc != 0)
980 			warn("WARNING: NIS passwd update");
981 	}
982 
983 	grp = GETGRNAM(name);
984 	if (grp != NULL &&
985 	    (grp->gr_mem == NULL || *grp->gr_mem == NULL) &&
986 	    strcmp(name, grname) == 0)
987 		delgrent(GETGRNAM(name));
988 	SETGRENT();
989 	while ((grp = GETGRENT()) != NULL) {
990 		int i, j;
991 		char group[MAXLOGNAME];
992 		if (grp->gr_mem == NULL)
993 			continue;
994 
995 		for (i = 0; grp->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
996 			if (strcmp(grp->gr_mem[i], name) != 0)
997 				continue;
998 
999 			for (j = i; grp->gr_mem[j] != NULL; j++)
1000 				grp->gr_mem[j] = grp->gr_mem[j+1];
1001 			strlcpy(group, grp->gr_name, MAXLOGNAME);
1002 			chggrent(group, grp);
1003 		}
1004 	}
1005 	ENDGRENT();
1006 
1007 	pw_log(cnf, M_DELETE, W_USER, "%s(%ju) account removed", name,
1008 	    (uintmax_t)id);
1009 
1010 	/* Remove mail file */
1011 	if (PWALTDIR() != PWF_ALT)
1012 		unlinkat(conf.rootfd, file + 1, 0);
1013 
1014 	/* Remove at jobs */
1015 	if (!PWALTDIR() && getpwuid(id) == NULL)
1016 		rmat(id);
1017 
1018 	/* Remove home directory and contents */
1019 	if (PWALTDIR() != PWF_ALT && deletehome && *home == '/' &&
1020 	    GETPWUID(id) == NULL &&
1021 	    fstatat(conf.rootfd, home + 1, &st, 0) != -1) {
1022 		rm_r(conf.rootfd, home, id);
1023 		pw_log(cnf, M_DELETE, W_USER, "%s(%ju) home '%s' %s"
1024 		    "removed", name, (uintmax_t)id, home,
1025 		     fstatat(conf.rootfd, home + 1, &st, 0) == -1 ? "" : "not "
1026 		     "completely ");
1027 	}
1028 
1029 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
1030 }
1031 
1032 int
1033 pw_user_lock(int argc, char **argv, char *arg1)
1034 {
1035 	int ch;
1036 
1037 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Cq")) != -1) {
1038 		switch (ch) {
1039 		case 'C':
1040 		case 'q':
1041 			/* compatibility */
1042 			break;
1043 		}
1044 	}
1045 
1046 	return (pw_userlock(arg1, M_LOCK));
1047 }
1048 
1049 int
1050 pw_user_unlock(int argc, char **argv, char *arg1)
1051 {
1052 	int ch;
1053 
1054 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Cq")) != -1) {
1055 		switch (ch) {
1056 		case 'C':
1057 		case 'q':
1058 			/* compatibility */
1059 			break;
1060 		}
1061 	}
1062 
1063 	return (pw_userlock(arg1, M_UNLOCK));
1064 }
1065 
1066 static struct group *
1067 group_from_name_or_id(char *name)
1068 {
1069 	const char *errstr = NULL;
1070 	struct group *grp;
1071 	uintmax_t id;
1072 
1073 	if ((grp = GETGRNAM(name)) == NULL) {
1074 		id = strtounum(name, 0, GID_MAX, &errstr);
1075 		if (errstr)
1076 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "group `%s' does not exist", name);
1077 		grp = GETGRGID(id);
1078 		if (grp == NULL)
1079 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "group `%s' does not exist", name);
1080 	}
1081 
1082 	return (grp);
1083 }
1084 
1085 static void
1086 split_groups(StringList **groups, char *groupsstr)
1087 {
1088 	struct group *grp;
1089 	char *p;
1090 	char tok[] = ", \t";
1091 
1092 	if (*groups == NULL)
1093 		*groups = sl_init();
1094 	for (p = strtok(groupsstr, tok); p != NULL; p = strtok(NULL, tok)) {
1095 		grp = group_from_name_or_id(p);
1096 		sl_add(*groups, newstr(grp->gr_name));
1097 	}
1098 }
1099 
1100 static void
1101 validate_grname(struct userconf *cnf, char *group)
1102 {
1103 	struct group *grp;
1104 
1105 	if (group == NULL || *group == '\0') {
1106 		cnf->default_group = "";
1107 		return;
1108 	}
1109 	grp = group_from_name_or_id(group);
1110 	cnf->default_group = newstr(grp->gr_name);
1111 }
1112 
1113 static mode_t
1114 validate_mode(char *mode)
1115 {
1116 	mode_t m;
1117 	void *set;
1118 
1119 	if ((set = setmode(mode)) == NULL)
1120 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid directory creation mode '%s'", mode);
1121 
1122 	m = getmode(set, _DEF_DIRMODE);
1123 	free(set);
1124 	return (m);
1125 }
1126 
1127 static void
1128 mix_config(struct userconf *cmdcnf, struct userconf *cfg)
1129 {
1130 
1131 	if (cmdcnf->default_password == 0)
1132 		cmdcnf->default_password = cfg->default_password;
1133 	if (cmdcnf->reuse_uids == 0)
1134 		cmdcnf->reuse_uids = cfg->reuse_uids;
1135 	if (cmdcnf->reuse_gids == 0)
1136 		cmdcnf->reuse_gids = cfg->reuse_gids;
1137 	if (cmdcnf->nispasswd == NULL)
1138 		cmdcnf->nispasswd = cfg->nispasswd;
1139 	if (cmdcnf->dotdir == NULL)
1140 		cmdcnf->dotdir = cfg->dotdir;
1141 	if (cmdcnf->newmail == NULL)
1142 		cmdcnf->newmail = cfg->newmail;
1143 	if (cmdcnf->logfile == NULL)
1144 		cmdcnf->logfile = cfg->logfile;
1145 	if (cmdcnf->home == NULL)
1146 		cmdcnf->home = cfg->home;
1147 	if (cmdcnf->homemode == 0)
1148 		cmdcnf->homemode = cfg->homemode;
1149 	if (cmdcnf->shelldir == NULL)
1150 		cmdcnf->shelldir = cfg->shelldir;
1151 	if (cmdcnf->shells == NULL)
1152 		cmdcnf->shells = cfg->shells;
1153 	if (cmdcnf->shell_default == NULL)
1154 		cmdcnf->shell_default = cfg->shell_default;
1155 	if (cmdcnf->default_group == NULL)
1156 		cmdcnf->default_group = cfg->default_group;
1157 	if (cmdcnf->groups == NULL)
1158 		cmdcnf->groups = cfg->groups;
1159 	if (cmdcnf->default_class == NULL)
1160 		cmdcnf->default_class = cfg->default_class;
1161 	if (cmdcnf->min_uid == 0)
1162 		cmdcnf->min_uid = cfg->min_uid;
1163 	if (cmdcnf->max_uid == 0)
1164 		cmdcnf->max_uid = cfg->max_uid;
1165 	if (cmdcnf->min_gid == 0)
1166 		cmdcnf->min_gid = cfg->min_gid;
1167 	if (cmdcnf->max_gid == 0)
1168 		cmdcnf->max_gid = cfg->max_gid;
1169 	if (cmdcnf->expire_days == 0)
1170 		cmdcnf->expire_days = cfg->expire_days;
1171 	if (cmdcnf->password_days == 0)
1172 		cmdcnf->password_days = cfg->password_days;
1173 }
1174 
1175 int
1176 pw_user_add(int argc, char **argv, char *arg1)
1177 {
1178 	struct userconf *cnf, *cmdcnf;
1179 	struct passwd *pwd;
1180 	struct group *grp;
1181 	struct stat st;
1182 	char args[] = "C:qn:u:c:d:e:p:g:G:mM:k:s:oL:i:w:h:H:Db:NPy:Y";
1183 	char line[_PASSWORD_LEN+1], path[MAXPATHLEN];
1184 	char *gecos, *homedir, *skel, *walk, *userid, *groupid, *grname;
1185 	char *default_passwd, *name, *p;
1186 	const char *cfg = NULL;
1187 	login_cap_t *lc;
1188 	FILE *pfp, *fp;
1189 	intmax_t id = -1;
1190 	time_t now;
1191 	int rc, ch, fd = -1;
1192 	size_t i;
1193 	bool dryrun, nis, pretty, quiet, createhome, precrypted, genconf;
1194 
1195 	dryrun = nis = pretty = quiet = createhome = precrypted = false;
1196 	genconf = false;
1197 	gecos = homedir = skel = userid = groupid = default_passwd = NULL;
1198 	grname = name = NULL;
1199 
1200 	if ((cmdcnf = calloc(1, sizeof(struct userconf))) == NULL)
1201 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "calloc()");
1202 
1203 	if (arg1 != NULL) {
1204 		if (arg1[strspn(arg1, "0123456789")] == '\0')
1205 			id = pw_checkid(arg1, UID_MAX);
1206 		else
1207 			name = pw_checkname(arg1, 0);
1208 	}
1209 
1210 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, args)) != -1) {
1211 		switch (ch) {
1212 		case 'C':
1213 			cfg = optarg;
1214 			break;
1215 		case 'q':
1216 			quiet = true;
1217 			break;
1218 		case 'n':
1219 			name = pw_checkname(optarg, 0);
1220 			break;
1221 		case 'u':
1222 			userid = optarg;
1223 			break;
1224 		case 'c':
1225 			gecos = pw_checkname(optarg, 1);
1226 			break;
1227 		case 'd':
1228 			homedir = optarg;
1229 			break;
1230 		case 'e':
1231 			now = time(NULL);
1232 			cmdcnf->expire_days = parse_date(now, optarg);
1233 			break;
1234 		case 'p':
1235 			now = time(NULL);
1236 			cmdcnf->password_days = parse_date(now, optarg);
1237 			break;
1238 		case 'g':
1239 			validate_grname(cmdcnf, optarg);
1240 			grname = optarg;
1241 			break;
1242 		case 'G':
1243 			split_groups(&cmdcnf->groups, optarg);
1244 			break;
1245 		case 'm':
1246 			createhome = true;
1247 			break;
1248 		case 'M':
1249 			cmdcnf->homemode = validate_mode(optarg);
1250 			break;
1251 		case 'k':
1252 			walk = skel = optarg;
1253 			if (*walk == '/')
1254 				walk++;
1255 			if (fstatat(conf.rootfd, walk, &st, 0) == -1)
1256 				errx(EX_OSFILE, "skeleton `%s' does not "
1257 				    "exists", skel);
1258 			if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
1259 				errx(EX_OSFILE, "skeleton `%s' is not a "
1260 				    "directory", skel);
1261 			cmdcnf->dotdir = skel;
1262 			break;
1263 		case 's':
1264 			cmdcnf->shell_default = optarg;
1265 			break;
1266 		case 'o':
1267 			conf.checkduplicate = false;
1268 			break;
1269 		case 'L':
1270 			cmdcnf->default_class = pw_checkname(optarg, 0);
1271 			break;
1272 		case 'i':
1273 			groupid = optarg;
1274 			break;
1275 		case 'w':
1276 			default_passwd = optarg;
1277 			break;
1278 		case 'H':
1279 			if (fd != -1)
1280 				errx(EX_USAGE, "'-h' and '-H' are mutually "
1281 				    "exclusive options");
1282 			fd = pw_checkfd(optarg);
1283 			precrypted = true;
1284 			if (fd == '-')
1285 				errx(EX_USAGE, "-H expects a file descriptor");
1286 			break;
1287 		case 'h':
1288 			if (fd != -1)
1289 				errx(EX_USAGE, "'-h' and '-H' are mutually "
1290 				    "exclusive options");
1291 			fd = pw_checkfd(optarg);
1292 			break;
1293 		case 'D':
1294 			genconf = true;
1295 			break;
1296 		case 'b':
1297 			cmdcnf->home = optarg;
1298 			break;
1299 		case 'N':
1300 			dryrun = true;
1301 			break;
1302 		case 'P':
1303 			pretty = true;
1304 			break;
1305 		case 'y':
1306 			cmdcnf->nispasswd = optarg;
1307 			break;
1308 		case 'Y':
1309 			nis = true;
1310 			break;
1311 		}
1312 	}
1313 
1314 	if (geteuid() != 0 && ! dryrun)
1315 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "you must be root");
1316 
1317 	if (quiet)
1318 		freopen(_PATH_DEVNULL, "w", stderr);
1319 
1320 	cnf = get_userconfig(cfg);
1321 
1322 	mix_config(cmdcnf, cnf);
1323 	if (default_passwd)
1324 		cmdcnf->default_password = passwd_val(default_passwd,
1325 		    cnf->default_password);
1326 	if (genconf) {
1327 		if (name != NULL)
1328 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "can't combine `-D' with `-n name'");
1329 		if (userid != NULL) {
1330 			if ((p = strtok(userid, ", \t")) != NULL)
1331 				cmdcnf->min_uid = pw_checkid(p, UID_MAX);
1332 			if (cmdcnf->min_uid == 0)
1333 				cmdcnf->min_uid = 1000;
1334 			if ((p = strtok(NULL, " ,\t")) != NULL)
1335 				cmdcnf->max_uid = pw_checkid(p, UID_MAX);
1336 			if (cmdcnf->max_uid == 0)
1337 				cmdcnf->max_uid = 32000;
1338 		}
1339 		if (groupid != NULL) {
1340 			if ((p = strtok(groupid, ", \t")) != NULL)
1341 				cmdcnf->min_gid = pw_checkid(p, GID_MAX);
1342 			if (cmdcnf->min_gid == 0)
1343 				cmdcnf->min_gid = 1000;
1344 			if ((p = strtok(NULL, " ,\t")) != NULL)
1345 				cmdcnf->max_gid = pw_checkid(p, GID_MAX);
1346 			if (cmdcnf->max_gid == 0)
1347 				cmdcnf->max_gid = 32000;
1348 		}
1349 		if (write_userconfig(cmdcnf, cfg))
1350 			return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
1351 		err(EX_IOERR, "config update");
1352 	}
1353 
1354 	if (userid)
1355 		id = pw_checkid(userid, UID_MAX);
1356 	if (id < 0 && name == NULL)
1357 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "user name or id required");
1358 
1359 	if (name == NULL)
1360 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "login name required");
1361 
1362 	if (GETPWNAM(name) != NULL)
1363 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "login name `%s' already exists", name);
1364 
1365 	if (!grname)
1366 		grname = cmdcnf->default_group;
1367 
1368 	pwd = &fakeuser;
1369 	pwd->pw_name = name;
1370 	pwd->pw_class = cmdcnf->default_class ? cmdcnf->default_class : "";
1371 	pwd->pw_uid = pw_uidpolicy(cmdcnf, id);
1372 	pwd->pw_gid = pw_gidpolicy(cnf, grname, pwd->pw_name,
1373 	    (gid_t) pwd->pw_uid, dryrun);
1374 	pwd->pw_change = cmdcnf->password_days;
1375 	pwd->pw_expire = cmdcnf->expire_days;
1376 	pwd->pw_dir = pw_homepolicy(cmdcnf, homedir, pwd->pw_name);
1377 	pwd->pw_shell = pw_shellpolicy(cmdcnf);
1378 	lc = login_getpwclass(pwd);
1379 	if (lc == NULL || login_setcryptfmt(lc, "sha512", NULL) == NULL)
1380 		warn("setting crypt(3) format");
1381 	login_close(lc);
1382 	pwd->pw_passwd = pw_password(cmdcnf, pwd->pw_name, dryrun);
1383 	if (pwd->pw_uid == 0 && strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") != 0)
1384 		warnx("WARNING: new account `%s' has a uid of 0 "
1385 		    "(superuser access!)", pwd->pw_name);
1386 	if (gecos)
1387 		pwd->pw_gecos = gecos;
1388 
1389 	if (fd != -1)
1390 		pw_set_passwd(pwd, fd, precrypted, false);
1391 
1392 	if (dryrun)
1393 		return (print_user(pwd, pretty, false));
1394 
1395 	if ((rc = addpwent(pwd)) != 0) {
1396 		if (rc == -1)
1397 			errx(EX_IOERR, "user '%s' already exists",
1398 			    pwd->pw_name);
1399 		else if (rc != 0)
1400 			err(EX_IOERR, "passwd file update");
1401 	}
1402 	if (nis && cmdcnf->nispasswd && *cmdcnf->nispasswd == '/') {
1403 		printf("%s\n", cmdcnf->nispasswd);
1404 		rc = addnispwent(cmdcnf->nispasswd, pwd);
1405 		if (rc == -1)
1406 			warnx("User '%s' already exists in NIS passwd",
1407 			    pwd->pw_name);
1408 		else if (rc != 0)
1409 			warn("NIS passwd update");
1410 		/* NOTE: we treat NIS-only update errors as non-fatal */
1411 	}
1412 
1413 	if (cmdcnf->groups != NULL) {
1414 		for (i = 0; i < cmdcnf->groups->sl_cur; i++) {
1415 			grp = GETGRNAM(cmdcnf->groups->sl_str[i]);
1416 			grp = gr_add(grp, pwd->pw_name);
1417 			/*
1418 			 * grp can only be NULL in 2 cases:
1419 			 * - the new member is already a member
1420 			 * - a problem with memory occurs
1421 			 * in both cases we want to skip now.
1422 			 */
1423 			if (grp == NULL)
1424 				continue;
1425 			chggrent(grp->gr_name, grp);
1426 			free(grp);
1427 		}
1428 	}
1429 
1430 	pwd = GETPWNAM(name);
1431 	if (pwd == NULL)
1432 		errx(EX_NOUSER, "user '%s' disappeared during update", name);
1433 
1434 	grp = GETGRGID(pwd->pw_gid);
1435 	pw_log(cnf, M_ADD, W_USER, "%s(%ju):%s(%ju):%s:%s:%s",
1436 	       pwd->pw_name, (uintmax_t)pwd->pw_uid,
1437 	    grp ? grp->gr_name : "unknown",
1438 	       (uintmax_t)(grp ? grp->gr_gid : (uid_t)-1),
1439 	       pwd->pw_gecos, pwd->pw_dir, pwd->pw_shell);
1440 
1441 	/*
1442 	 * let's touch and chown the user's mail file. This is not
1443 	 * strictly necessary under BSD with a 0755 maildir but it also
1444 	 * doesn't hurt anything to create the empty mailfile
1445 	 */
1446 	if (PWALTDIR() != PWF_ALT) {
1447 		snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", _PATH_MAILDIR,
1448 		    pwd->pw_name);
1449 		/* Preserve contents & mtime */
1450 		close(openat(conf.rootfd, path +1, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600));
1451 		fchownat(conf.rootfd, path + 1, pwd->pw_uid, pwd->pw_gid,
1452 		    AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW);
1453 	}
1454 
1455 	/*
1456 	 * Let's create and populate the user's home directory. Note
1457 	 * that this also `works' for editing users if -m is used, but
1458 	 * existing files will *not* be overwritten.
1459 	 */
1460 	if (PWALTDIR() != PWF_ALT && createhome && pwd->pw_dir &&
1461 	    *pwd->pw_dir == '/' && pwd->pw_dir[1])
1462 		create_and_populate_homedir(cmdcnf, pwd, cmdcnf->dotdir,
1463 		    cmdcnf->homemode, false);
1464 
1465 	if (!PWALTDIR() && cmdcnf->newmail && *cmdcnf->newmail &&
1466 	    (fp = fopen(cnf->newmail, "r")) != NULL) {
1467 		if ((pfp = popen(_PATH_SENDMAIL " -t", "w")) == NULL)
1468 			warn("sendmail");
1469 		else {
1470 			fprintf(pfp, "From: root\n" "To: %s\n"
1471 			    "Subject: Welcome!\n\n", pwd->pw_name);
1472 			while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp) != NULL) {
1473 				/* Do substitutions? */
1474 				fputs(line, pfp);
1475 			}
1476 			pclose(pfp);
1477 			pw_log(cnf, M_ADD, W_USER, "%s(%ju) new user mail sent",
1478 			    pwd->pw_name, (uintmax_t)pwd->pw_uid);
1479 		}
1480 		fclose(fp);
1481 	}
1482 
1483 	if (nis && nis_update() == 0)
1484 		pw_log(cnf, M_ADD, W_USER, "NIS maps updated");
1485 
1486 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
1487 }
1488 
1489 int
1490 pw_user_mod(int argc, char **argv, char *arg1)
1491 {
1492 	struct userconf *cnf;
1493 	struct passwd *pwd;
1494 	struct group *grp;
1495 	StringList *groups = NULL;
1496 	char args[] = "C:qn:u:c:d:e:p:g:G:mM:l:k:s:w:L:h:H:NPYy:";
1497 	const char *cfg = NULL;
1498 	char *gecos, *homedir, *grname, *name, *newname, *walk, *skel, *shell;
1499 	char *passwd, *class, *nispasswd;
1500 	login_cap_t *lc;
1501 	struct stat st;
1502 	intmax_t id = -1;
1503 	int ch, fd = -1;
1504 	size_t i, j;
1505 	bool quiet, createhome, pretty, dryrun, nis, edited;
1506 	bool precrypted;
1507 	mode_t homemode = 0;
1508 	time_t expire_days, password_days, now;
1509 
1510 	expire_days = password_days = -1;
1511 	gecos = homedir = grname = name = newname = skel = shell =NULL;
1512 	passwd = NULL;
1513 	class = nispasswd = NULL;
1514 	quiet = createhome = pretty = dryrun = nis = precrypted = false;
1515 	edited = false;
1516 
1517 	if (arg1 != NULL) {
1518 		if (arg1[strspn(arg1, "0123456789")] == '\0')
1519 			id = pw_checkid(arg1, UID_MAX);
1520 		else
1521 			name = arg1;
1522 	}
1523 
1524 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, args)) != -1) {
1525 		switch (ch) {
1526 		case 'C':
1527 			cfg = optarg;
1528 			break;
1529 		case 'q':
1530 			quiet = true;
1531 			break;
1532 		case 'n':
1533 			name = optarg;
1534 			break;
1535 		case 'u':
1536 			id = pw_checkid(optarg, UID_MAX);
1537 			break;
1538 		case 'c':
1539 			gecos = pw_checkname(optarg, 1);
1540 			break;
1541 		case 'd':
1542 			homedir = optarg;
1543 			break;
1544 		case 'e':
1545 			now = time(NULL);
1546 			expire_days = parse_date(now, optarg);
1547 			break;
1548 		case 'p':
1549 			now = time(NULL);
1550 			password_days = parse_date(now, optarg);
1551 			break;
1552 		case 'g':
1553 			group_from_name_or_id(optarg);
1554 			grname = optarg;
1555 			break;
1556 		case 'G':
1557 			split_groups(&groups, optarg);
1558 			break;
1559 		case 'm':
1560 			createhome = true;
1561 			break;
1562 		case 'M':
1563 			homemode = validate_mode(optarg);
1564 			break;
1565 		case 'l':
1566 			newname = optarg;
1567 			break;
1568 		case 'k':
1569 			walk = skel = optarg;
1570 			if (*walk == '/')
1571 				walk++;
1572 			if (fstatat(conf.rootfd, walk, &st, 0) == -1)
1573 				errx(EX_OSFILE, "skeleton `%s' does not "
1574 				    "exists", skel);
1575 			if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
1576 				errx(EX_OSFILE, "skeleton `%s' is not a "
1577 				    "directory", skel);
1578 			break;
1579 		case 's':
1580 			shell = optarg;
1581 			break;
1582 		case 'w':
1583 			passwd = optarg;
1584 			break;
1585 		case 'L':
1586 			class = pw_checkname(optarg, 0);
1587 			break;
1588 		case 'H':
1589 			if (fd != -1)
1590 				errx(EX_USAGE, "'-h' and '-H' are mutually "
1591 				    "exclusive options");
1592 			fd = pw_checkfd(optarg);
1593 			precrypted = true;
1594 			if (fd == '-')
1595 				errx(EX_USAGE, "-H expects a file descriptor");
1596 			break;
1597 		case 'h':
1598 			if (fd != -1)
1599 				errx(EX_USAGE, "'-h' and '-H' are mutually "
1600 				    "exclusive options");
1601 			fd = pw_checkfd(optarg);
1602 			break;
1603 		case 'N':
1604 			dryrun = true;
1605 			break;
1606 		case 'P':
1607 			pretty = true;
1608 			break;
1609 		case 'y':
1610 			nispasswd = optarg;
1611 			break;
1612 		case 'Y':
1613 			nis = true;
1614 			break;
1615 		}
1616 	}
1617 
1618 	if (geteuid() != 0 && ! dryrun)
1619 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "you must be root");
1620 
1621 	if (quiet)
1622 		freopen(_PATH_DEVNULL, "w", stderr);
1623 
1624 	cnf = get_userconfig(cfg);
1625 
1626 	if (id < 0 && name == NULL)
1627 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "username or id required");
1628 
1629 	pwd = (name != NULL) ? GETPWNAM(pw_checkname(name, 0)) : GETPWUID(id);
1630 	if (pwd == NULL) {
1631 		if (name == NULL)
1632 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such uid `%ju'",
1633 			    (uintmax_t) id);
1634 		errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such user `%s'", name);
1635 	}
1636 
1637 	if (name == NULL)
1638 		name = pwd->pw_name;
1639 
1640 	if (nis && nispasswd == NULL)
1641 		nispasswd = cnf->nispasswd;
1642 
1643 	if (PWF._altdir == PWF_REGULAR &&
1644 	    ((pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE) != _PWF_FILES)) {
1645 		if ((pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE) == _PWF_NIS) {
1646 			if (!nis && nispasswd && *nispasswd != '/')
1647 				errx(EX_NOUSER, "Cannot modify NIS user `%s'",
1648 				    name);
1649 		} else {
1650 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "Cannot modify non local user `%s'",
1651 			    name);
1652 		}
1653 	}
1654 
1655 	if (newname) {
1656 		if (strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") == 0)
1657 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "can't rename `root' account");
1658 		if (strcmp(pwd->pw_name, newname) != 0) {
1659 			pwd->pw_name = pw_checkname(newname, 0);
1660 			edited = true;
1661 		}
1662 	}
1663 
1664 	if (id >= 0 && pwd->pw_uid != id) {
1665 		pwd->pw_uid = id;
1666 		edited = true;
1667 		if (pwd->pw_uid != 0 && strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") == 0)
1668 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "can't change uid of `root' account");
1669 		if (pwd->pw_uid == 0 && strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") != 0)
1670 			warnx("WARNING: account `%s' will have a uid of 0 "
1671 			    "(superuser access!)", pwd->pw_name);
1672 	}
1673 
1674 	if (grname && pwd->pw_uid != 0) {
1675 		grp = GETGRNAM(grname);
1676 		if (grp == NULL)
1677 			grp = GETGRGID(pw_checkid(grname, GID_MAX));
1678 		if (grp->gr_gid != pwd->pw_gid) {
1679 			pwd->pw_gid = grp->gr_gid;
1680 			edited = true;
1681 		}
1682 	}
1683 
1684 	if (password_days >= 0 && pwd->pw_change != password_days) {
1685 		pwd->pw_change = password_days;
1686 		edited = true;
1687 	}
1688 
1689 	if (expire_days >= 0 && pwd->pw_expire != expire_days) {
1690 		pwd->pw_expire = expire_days;
1691 		edited = true;
1692 	}
1693 
1694 	if (shell) {
1695 		shell = shell_path(cnf->shelldir, cnf->shells, shell);
1696 		if (shell == NULL)
1697 			shell = "";
1698 		if (strcmp(shell, pwd->pw_shell) != 0) {
1699 			pwd->pw_shell = shell;
1700 			edited = true;
1701 		}
1702 	}
1703 
1704 	if (class && strcmp(pwd->pw_class, class) != 0) {
1705 		pwd->pw_class = class;
1706 		edited = true;
1707 	}
1708 
1709 	if (homedir && strcmp(pwd->pw_dir, homedir) != 0) {
1710 		pwd->pw_dir = homedir;
1711 		edited = true;
1712 		if (fstatat(conf.rootfd, pwd->pw_dir, &st, 0) == -1) {
1713 			if (!createhome)
1714 				warnx("WARNING: home `%s' does not exist",
1715 				    pwd->pw_dir);
1716 		} else if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
1717 			warnx("WARNING: home `%s' is not a directory",
1718 			    pwd->pw_dir);
1719 		}
1720 	}
1721 
1722 	if (passwd && conf.fd == -1) {
1723 		lc = login_getpwclass(pwd);
1724 		if (lc == NULL || login_setcryptfmt(lc, "sha512", NULL) == NULL)
1725 			warn("setting crypt(3) format");
1726 		login_close(lc);
1727 		cnf->default_password = passwd_val(passwd,
1728 		    cnf->default_password);
1729 		pwd->pw_passwd = pw_password(cnf, pwd->pw_name, dryrun);
1730 		edited = true;
1731 	}
1732 
1733 	if (gecos && strcmp(pwd->pw_gecos, gecos) != 0) {
1734 		pwd->pw_gecos = gecos;
1735 		edited = true;
1736 	}
1737 
1738 	if (fd != -1)
1739 		edited = pw_set_passwd(pwd, fd, precrypted, true);
1740 
1741 	if (dryrun)
1742 		return (print_user(pwd, pretty, false));
1743 
1744 	if (edited) /* Only updated this if required */
1745 		perform_chgpwent(name, pwd, nis ? nispasswd : NULL);
1746 	/* Now perform the needed changes concern groups */
1747 	if (groups != NULL) {
1748 		/* Delete User from groups using old name */
1749 		SETGRENT();
1750 		while ((grp = GETGRENT()) != NULL) {
1751 			if (grp->gr_mem == NULL)
1752 				continue;
1753 			for (i = 0; grp->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
1754 				if (strcmp(grp->gr_mem[i] , name) != 0)
1755 					continue;
1756 				for (j = i; grp->gr_mem[j] != NULL ; j++)
1757 					grp->gr_mem[j] = grp->gr_mem[j+1];
1758 				chggrent(grp->gr_name, grp);
1759 				break;
1760 			}
1761 		}
1762 		ENDGRENT();
1763 		/* Add the user to the needed groups */
1764 		for (i = 0; i < groups->sl_cur; i++) {
1765 			grp = GETGRNAM(groups->sl_str[i]);
1766 			grp = gr_add(grp, pwd->pw_name);
1767 			if (grp == NULL)
1768 				continue;
1769 			chggrent(grp->gr_name, grp);
1770 			free(grp);
1771 		}
1772 	}
1773 	/* In case of rename we need to walk over the different groups */
1774 	if (newname) {
1775 		SETGRENT();
1776 		while ((grp = GETGRENT()) != NULL) {
1777 			if (grp->gr_mem == NULL)
1778 				continue;
1779 			for (i = 0; grp->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
1780 				if (strcmp(grp->gr_mem[i], name) != 0)
1781 					continue;
1782 				grp->gr_mem[i] = newname;
1783 				chggrent(grp->gr_name, grp);
1784 				break;
1785 			}
1786 		}
1787 	}
1788 
1789 	/* go get a current version of pwd */
1790 	if (newname)
1791 		name = newname;
1792 	pwd = GETPWNAM(name);
1793 	if (pwd == NULL)
1794 		errx(EX_NOUSER, "user '%s' disappeared during update", name);
1795 	grp = GETGRGID(pwd->pw_gid);
1796 	pw_log(cnf, M_UPDATE, W_USER, "%s(%ju):%s(%ju):%s:%s:%s",
1797 	    pwd->pw_name, (uintmax_t)pwd->pw_uid,
1798 	    grp ? grp->gr_name : "unknown",
1799 	    (uintmax_t)(grp ? grp->gr_gid : (uid_t)-1),
1800 	    pwd->pw_gecos, pwd->pw_dir, pwd->pw_shell);
1801 
1802 	/*
1803 	 * Let's create and populate the user's home directory. Note
1804 	 * that this also `works' for editing users if -m is used, but
1805 	 * existing files will *not* be overwritten.
1806 	 */
1807 	if (PWALTDIR() != PWF_ALT && createhome && pwd->pw_dir &&
1808 	    *pwd->pw_dir == '/' && pwd->pw_dir[1]) {
1809 		if (!skel)
1810 			skel = cnf->dotdir;
1811 		if (homemode == 0)
1812 			homemode = cnf->homemode;
1813 		create_and_populate_homedir(cnf, pwd, skel, homemode, true);
1814 	}
1815 
1816 	if (nis && nis_update() == 0)
1817 		pw_log(cnf, M_UPDATE, W_USER, "NIS maps updated");
1818 
1819 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
1820 }
1821