xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/pw/pw_user.c (revision 1f4bcc459a76b7aa664f3fd557684cd0ba6da352)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (C) 1996
3  *	David L. Nugent.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  *
14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY DAVID L. NUGENT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL DAVID L. NUGENT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
25  *
26  */
27 
28 #ifndef lint
29 static const char rcsid[] =
30   "$FreeBSD$";
31 #endif /* not lint */
32 
33 #include <sys/param.h>
34 #include <sys/resource.h>
35 #include <sys/time.h>
36 #include <sys/types.h>
37 
38 #include <ctype.h>
39 #include <dirent.h>
40 #include <err.h>
41 #include <errno.h>
42 #include <fcntl.h>
43 #include <grp.h>
44 #include <pwd.h>
45 #include <libutil.h>
46 #include <login_cap.h>
47 #include <paths.h>
48 #include <string.h>
49 #include <sysexits.h>
50 #include <termios.h>
51 #include <unistd.h>
52 
53 #include "pw.h"
54 #include "bitmap.h"
55 #include "psdate.h"
56 
57 #define LOGNAMESIZE (MAXLOGNAME-1)
58 
59 static		char locked_str[] = "*LOCKED*";
60 
61 static struct passwd fakeuser = {
62 	"nouser",
63 	"*",
64 	-1,
65 	-1,
66 	0,
67 	"",
68 	"User &",
69 	"/nonexistent",
70 	"/bin/sh",
71 	0,
72 	0
73 };
74 
75 static int	 print_user(struct passwd *pwd, bool pretty, bool v7);
76 static uid_t	 pw_uidpolicy(struct userconf *cnf, intmax_t id);
77 static uid_t	 pw_gidpolicy(struct userconf *cnf, char *grname, char *nam,
78     gid_t prefer, bool dryrun);
79 static char	*pw_homepolicy(struct userconf * cnf, char *homedir,
80     const char *user);
81 static char	*pw_shellpolicy(struct userconf * cnf);
82 static char	*pw_password(struct userconf * cnf, char const * user,
83     bool dryrun);
84 static char	*shell_path(char const * path, char *shells[], char *sh);
85 static void	rmat(uid_t uid);
86 static void	rmopie(char const * name);
87 
88 static void
89 mkdir_home_parents(int dfd, const char *dir)
90 {
91 	struct stat st;
92 	char *dirs, *tmp;
93 
94 	if (*dir != '/')
95 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid base directory for home '%s'", dir);
96 
97 	dir++;
98 
99 	if (fstatat(dfd, dir, &st, 0) != -1) {
100 		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
101 			return;
102 		errx(EX_OSFILE, "root home `/%s' is not a directory", dir);
103 	}
104 
105 	dirs = strdup(dir);
106 	if (dirs == NULL)
107 		errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "out of memory");
108 
109 	tmp = strrchr(dirs, '/');
110 	if (tmp == NULL) {
111 		free(dirs);
112 		return;
113 	}
114 	tmp[0] = '\0';
115 
116 	/*
117 	 * This is a kludge especially for Joerg :)
118 	 * If the home directory would be created in the root partition, then
119 	 * we really create it under /usr which is likely to have more space.
120 	 * But we create a symlink from cnf->home -> "/usr" -> cnf->home
121 	 */
122 	if (strchr(dirs, '/') == NULL) {
123 		asprintf(&tmp, "usr/%s", dirs);
124 		if (tmp == NULL)
125 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "out of memory");
126 		if (mkdirat(dfd, tmp, _DEF_DIRMODE) != -1 || errno == EEXIST) {
127 			fchownat(dfd, tmp, 0, 0, 0);
128 			symlinkat(tmp, dfd, dirs);
129 		}
130 		free(tmp);
131 	}
132 	tmp = dirs;
133 	if (fstatat(dfd, dirs, &st, 0) == -1) {
134 		while ((tmp = strchr(tmp + 1, '/')) != NULL) {
135 			*tmp = '\0';
136 			if (fstatat(dfd, dirs, &st, 0) == -1) {
137 				if (mkdirat(dfd, dirs, _DEF_DIRMODE) == -1)
138 					err(EX_OSFILE,  "'%s' (root home parent) is not a directory", dirs);
139 			}
140 			*tmp = '/';
141 		}
142 	}
143 	if (fstatat(dfd, dirs, &st, 0) == -1) {
144 		if (mkdirat(dfd, dirs, _DEF_DIRMODE) == -1)
145 			err(EX_OSFILE,  "'%s' (root home parent) is not a directory", dirs);
146 		fchownat(dfd, dirs, 0, 0, 0);
147 	}
148 
149 	free(dirs);
150 }
151 
152 static void
153 create_and_populate_homedir(struct userconf *cnf, struct passwd *pwd,
154     const char *skeldir, mode_t homemode, bool update)
155 {
156 	int skelfd = -1;
157 
158 	/* Create home parents directories */
159 	mkdir_home_parents(conf.rootfd, pwd->pw_dir);
160 
161 	if (skeldir != NULL && *skeldir != '\0') {
162 		if (*skeldir == '/')
163 			skeldir++;
164 		skelfd = openat(conf.rootfd, skeldir, O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC);
165 	}
166 
167 	copymkdir(conf.rootfd, pwd->pw_dir, skelfd, homemode, pwd->pw_uid,
168 	    pwd->pw_gid, 0);
169 	pw_log(cnf, update ? M_UPDATE : M_ADD, W_USER, "%s(%ju) home %s made",
170 	    pwd->pw_name, (uintmax_t)pwd->pw_uid, pwd->pw_dir);
171 }
172 
173 static int
174 pw_set_passwd(struct passwd *pwd, int fd, bool precrypted, bool update)
175 {
176 	int		 b, istty;
177 	struct termios	 t, n;
178 	login_cap_t	*lc;
179 	char		line[_PASSWORD_LEN+1];
180 	char		*p;
181 
182 	if (fd == '-') {
183 		if (!pwd->pw_passwd || *pwd->pw_passwd != '*') {
184 			pwd->pw_passwd = "*";	/* No access */
185 			return (1);
186 		}
187 		return (0);
188 	}
189 
190 	if ((istty = isatty(fd))) {
191 		if (tcgetattr(fd, &t) == -1)
192 			istty = 0;
193 		else {
194 			n = t;
195 			n.c_lflag &= ~(ECHO);
196 			tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &n);
197 			printf("%s%spassword for user %s:",
198 			    update ? "new " : "",
199 			    precrypted ? "encrypted " : "",
200 			    pwd->pw_name);
201 			fflush(stdout);
202 		}
203 	}
204 	b = read(fd, line, sizeof(line) - 1);
205 	if (istty) {	/* Restore state */
206 		tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &t);
207 		fputc('\n', stdout);
208 		fflush(stdout);
209 	}
210 
211 	if (b < 0)
212 		err(EX_IOERR, "-%c file descriptor",
213 		    precrypted ? 'H' : 'h');
214 	line[b] = '\0';
215 	if ((p = strpbrk(line, "\r\n")) != NULL)
216 		*p = '\0';
217 	if (!*line)
218 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "empty password read on file descriptor %d",
219 		    fd);
220 	if (precrypted) {
221 		if (strchr(line, ':') != NULL)
222 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "bad encrypted password");
223 		pwd->pw_passwd = strdup(line);
224 	} else {
225 		lc = login_getpwclass(pwd);
226 		if (lc == NULL ||
227 				login_setcryptfmt(lc, "sha512", NULL) == NULL)
228 			warn("setting crypt(3) format");
229 		login_close(lc);
230 		pwd->pw_passwd = pw_pwcrypt(line);
231 	}
232 	return (1);
233 }
234 
235 static void
236 perform_chgpwent(const char *name, struct passwd *pwd, char *nispasswd)
237 {
238 	int rc;
239 	struct passwd *nispwd;
240 
241 	/* duplicate for nis so that chgpwent is not modifying before NIS */
242 	if (nispasswd && *nispasswd == '/')
243 		nispwd = pw_dup(pwd);
244 
245 	rc = chgpwent(name, pwd);
246 	if (rc == -1)
247 		errx(EX_IOERR, "user '%s' does not exist (NIS?)", pwd->pw_name);
248 	else if (rc != 0)
249 		err(EX_IOERR, "passwd file update");
250 
251 	if (nispasswd && *nispasswd == '/') {
252 		rc = chgnispwent(nispasswd, name, nispwd);
253 		if (rc == -1)
254 			warn("User '%s' not found in NIS passwd", pwd->pw_name);
255 		else if (rc != 0)
256 			warn("NIS passwd update");
257 		/* NOTE: NIS-only update errors are not fatal */
258 	}
259 }
260 
261 /*
262  * The M_LOCK and M_UNLOCK functions simply add or remove
263  * a "*LOCKED*" prefix from in front of the password to
264  * prevent it decoding correctly, and therefore prevents
265  * access. Of course, this only prevents access via
266  * password authentication (not ssh, kerberos or any
267  * other method that does not use the UNIX password) but
268  * that is a known limitation.
269  */
270 static int
271 pw_userlock(char *arg1, int mode)
272 {
273 	struct passwd *pwd = NULL;
274 	char *passtmp = NULL;
275 	char *name;
276 	bool locked = false;
277 	uid_t id = (uid_t)-1;
278 
279 	if (geteuid() != 0)
280 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "you must be root");
281 
282 	if (arg1 == NULL)
283 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "username or id required");
284 
285 	name = arg1;
286 	if (arg1[strspn(name, "0123456789")] == '\0')
287 		id = pw_checkid(name, UID_MAX);
288 
289 	pwd = GETPWNAM(pw_checkname(name, 0));
290 	if (pwd == NULL && id != (uid_t)-1) {
291 		pwd = GETPWUID(id);
292 		if (pwd != NULL)
293 			name = pwd->pw_name;
294 	}
295 	if (pwd == NULL) {
296 		if (id == (uid_t)-1)
297 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such name or uid `%ju'", (uintmax_t) id);
298 		errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such user `%s'", name);
299 	}
300 
301 	if (name == NULL)
302 		name = pwd->pw_name;
303 
304 	if (strncmp(pwd->pw_passwd, locked_str, sizeof(locked_str) -1) == 0)
305 		locked = true;
306 	if (mode == M_LOCK && locked)
307 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "user '%s' is already locked", pwd->pw_name);
308 	if (mode == M_UNLOCK && !locked)
309 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "user '%s' is not locked", pwd->pw_name);
310 
311 	if (mode == M_LOCK) {
312 		asprintf(&passtmp, "%s%s", locked_str, pwd->pw_passwd);
313 		if (passtmp == NULL)	/* disaster */
314 			errx(EX_UNAVAILABLE, "out of memory");
315 		pwd->pw_passwd = passtmp;
316 	} else {
317 		pwd->pw_passwd += sizeof(locked_str)-1;
318 	}
319 
320 	perform_chgpwent(name, pwd, NULL);
321 	free(passtmp);
322 
323 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
324 }
325 
326 static uid_t
327 pw_uidpolicy(struct userconf * cnf, intmax_t id)
328 {
329 	struct passwd  *pwd;
330 	struct bitmap   bm;
331 	uid_t           uid = (uid_t) - 1;
332 
333 	/*
334 	 * Check the given uid, if any
335 	 */
336 	if (id >= 0) {
337 		uid = (uid_t) id;
338 
339 		if ((pwd = GETPWUID(uid)) != NULL && conf.checkduplicate)
340 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "uid `%ju' has already been allocated",
341 			    (uintmax_t)pwd->pw_uid);
342 		return (uid);
343 	}
344 	/*
345 	 * We need to allocate the next available uid under one of
346 	 * two policies a) Grab the first unused uid b) Grab the
347 	 * highest possible unused uid
348 	 */
349 	if (cnf->min_uid >= cnf->max_uid) {	/* Sanity
350 						 * claus^H^H^H^Hheck */
351 		cnf->min_uid = 1000;
352 		cnf->max_uid = 32000;
353 	}
354 	bm = bm_alloc(cnf->max_uid - cnf->min_uid + 1);
355 
356 	/*
357 	 * Now, let's fill the bitmap from the password file
358 	 */
359 	SETPWENT();
360 	while ((pwd = GETPWENT()) != NULL)
361 		if (pwd->pw_uid >= (uid_t) cnf->min_uid && pwd->pw_uid <= (uid_t) cnf->max_uid)
362 			bm_setbit(&bm, pwd->pw_uid - cnf->min_uid);
363 	ENDPWENT();
364 
365 	/*
366 	 * Then apply the policy, with fallback to reuse if necessary
367 	 */
368 	if (cnf->reuse_uids || (uid = (uid_t) (bm_lastset(&bm) + cnf->min_uid + 1)) > cnf->max_uid)
369 		uid = (uid_t) (bm_firstunset(&bm) + cnf->min_uid);
370 
371 	/*
372 	 * Another sanity check
373 	 */
374 	if (uid < cnf->min_uid || uid > cnf->max_uid)
375 		errx(EX_SOFTWARE, "unable to allocate a new uid - range fully used");
376 	bm_dealloc(&bm);
377 	return (uid);
378 }
379 
380 static uid_t
381 pw_gidpolicy(struct userconf *cnf, char *grname, char *nam, gid_t prefer, bool dryrun)
382 {
383 	struct group   *grp;
384 	gid_t           gid = (uid_t) - 1;
385 
386 	/*
387 	 * Check the given gid, if any
388 	 */
389 	SETGRENT();
390 	if (grname) {
391 		if ((grp = GETGRNAM(grname)) == NULL) {
392 			gid = pw_checkid(grname, GID_MAX);
393 			grp = GETGRGID(gid);
394 		}
395 		gid = grp->gr_gid;
396 	} else if ((grp = GETGRNAM(nam)) != NULL &&
397 	    (grp->gr_mem == NULL || grp->gr_mem[0] == NULL)) {
398 		gid = grp->gr_gid;  /* Already created? Use it anyway... */
399 	} else {
400 		intmax_t		grid = -1;
401 
402 		/*
403 		 * We need to auto-create a group with the user's name. We
404 		 * can send all the appropriate output to our sister routine
405 		 * bit first see if we can create a group with gid==uid so we
406 		 * can keep the user and group ids in sync. We purposely do
407 		 * NOT check the gid range if we can force the sync. If the
408 		 * user's name dups an existing group, then the group add
409 		 * function will happily handle that case for us and exit.
410 		 */
411 		if (GETGRGID(prefer) == NULL)
412 			grid = prefer;
413 		if (dryrun) {
414 			gid = pw_groupnext(cnf, true);
415 		} else {
416 			if (grid == -1)
417 				grid =  pw_groupnext(cnf, true);
418 			groupadd(cnf, nam, grid, NULL, -1, false, false, false);
419 			if ((grp = GETGRNAM(nam)) != NULL)
420 				gid = grp->gr_gid;
421 		}
422 	}
423 	ENDGRENT();
424 	return (gid);
425 }
426 
427 static char *
428 pw_homepolicy(struct userconf * cnf, char *homedir, const char *user)
429 {
430 	static char     home[128];
431 
432 	if (homedir)
433 		return (homedir);
434 
435 	if (cnf->home == NULL || *cnf->home == '\0')
436 		errx(EX_CONFIG, "no base home directory set");
437 	snprintf(home, sizeof(home), "%s/%s", cnf->home, user);
438 
439 	return (home);
440 }
441 
442 static char *
443 shell_path(char const * path, char *shells[], char *sh)
444 {
445 	if (sh != NULL && (*sh == '/' || *sh == '\0'))
446 		return sh;	/* specified full path or forced none */
447 	else {
448 		char           *p;
449 		char            paths[_UC_MAXLINE];
450 
451 		/*
452 		 * We need to search paths
453 		 */
454 		strlcpy(paths, path, sizeof(paths));
455 		for (p = strtok(paths, ": \t\r\n"); p != NULL; p = strtok(NULL, ": \t\r\n")) {
456 			int             i;
457 			static char     shellpath[256];
458 
459 			if (sh != NULL) {
460 				snprintf(shellpath, sizeof(shellpath), "%s/%s", p, sh);
461 				if (access(shellpath, X_OK) == 0)
462 					return shellpath;
463 			} else
464 				for (i = 0; i < _UC_MAXSHELLS && shells[i] != NULL; i++) {
465 					snprintf(shellpath, sizeof(shellpath), "%s/%s", p, shells[i]);
466 					if (access(shellpath, X_OK) == 0)
467 						return shellpath;
468 				}
469 		}
470 		if (sh == NULL)
471 			errx(EX_OSFILE, "can't find shell `%s' in shell paths", sh);
472 		errx(EX_CONFIG, "no default shell available or defined");
473 		return NULL;
474 	}
475 }
476 
477 static char *
478 pw_shellpolicy(struct userconf * cnf)
479 {
480 
481 	return shell_path(cnf->shelldir, cnf->shells, cnf->shell_default);
482 }
483 
484 #define	SALTSIZE	32
485 
486 static char const chars[] = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ./";
487 
488 char *
489 pw_pwcrypt(char *password)
490 {
491 	int             i;
492 	char            salt[SALTSIZE + 1];
493 	char		*cryptpw;
494 	static char     buf[256];
495 
496 	/*
497 	 * Calculate a salt value
498 	 */
499 	for (i = 0; i < SALTSIZE; i++)
500 		salt[i] = chars[arc4random_uniform(sizeof(chars) - 1)];
501 	salt[SALTSIZE] = '\0';
502 
503 	cryptpw = crypt(password, salt);
504 	if (cryptpw == NULL)
505 		errx(EX_CONFIG, "crypt(3) failure");
506 	return strcpy(buf, cryptpw);
507 }
508 
509 static char *
510 pw_password(struct userconf * cnf, char const * user, bool dryrun)
511 {
512 	int             i, l;
513 	char            pwbuf[32];
514 
515 	switch (cnf->default_password) {
516 	case -1:		/* Random password */
517 		l = (arc4random() % 8 + 8);	/* 8 - 16 chars */
518 		for (i = 0; i < l; i++)
519 			pwbuf[i] = chars[arc4random_uniform(sizeof(chars)-1)];
520 		pwbuf[i] = '\0';
521 
522 		/*
523 		 * We give this information back to the user
524 		 */
525 		if (conf.fd == -1 && !dryrun) {
526 			if (isatty(STDOUT_FILENO))
527 				printf("Password for '%s' is: ", user);
528 			printf("%s\n", pwbuf);
529 			fflush(stdout);
530 		}
531 		break;
532 
533 	case -2:		/* No password at all! */
534 		return "";
535 
536 	case 0:		/* No login - default */
537 	default:
538 		return "*";
539 
540 	case 1:		/* user's name */
541 		strlcpy(pwbuf, user, sizeof(pwbuf));
542 		break;
543 	}
544 	return pw_pwcrypt(pwbuf);
545 }
546 
547 static int
548 print_user(struct passwd * pwd, bool pretty, bool v7)
549 {
550 	int		j;
551 	char           *p;
552 	struct group   *grp = GETGRGID(pwd->pw_gid);
553 	char            uname[60] = "User &", office[60] = "[None]",
554 			wphone[60] = "[None]", hphone[60] = "[None]";
555 	char		acexpire[32] = "[None]", pwexpire[32] = "[None]";
556 	struct tm *    tptr;
557 
558 	if (!pretty) {
559 		p = v7 ? pw_make_v7(pwd) : pw_make(pwd);
560 		printf("%s\n", p);
561 		free(p);
562 		return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
563 	}
564 
565 	if ((p = strtok(pwd->pw_gecos, ",")) != NULL) {
566 		strlcpy(uname, p, sizeof(uname));
567 		if ((p = strtok(NULL, ",")) != NULL) {
568 			strlcpy(office, p, sizeof(office));
569 			if ((p = strtok(NULL, ",")) != NULL) {
570 				strlcpy(wphone, p, sizeof(wphone));
571 				if ((p = strtok(NULL, "")) != NULL) {
572 					strlcpy(hphone, p, sizeof(hphone));
573 				}
574 			}
575 		}
576 	}
577 	/*
578 	 * Handle '&' in gecos field
579 	 */
580 	if ((p = strchr(uname, '&')) != NULL) {
581 		int             l = strlen(pwd->pw_name);
582 		int             m = strlen(p);
583 
584 		memmove(p + l, p + 1, m);
585 		memmove(p, pwd->pw_name, l);
586 		*p = (char) toupper((unsigned char)*p);
587 	}
588 	if (pwd->pw_expire > (time_t)0 && (tptr = localtime(&pwd->pw_expire)) != NULL)
589 		strftime(acexpire, sizeof acexpire, "%c", tptr);
590 		if (pwd->pw_change > (time_t)0 && (tptr = localtime(&pwd->pw_change)) != NULL)
591 		strftime(pwexpire, sizeof pwexpire, "%c", tptr);
592 	printf("Login Name: %-15s   #%-12ju Group: %-15s   #%ju\n"
593 	       " Full Name: %s\n"
594 	       "      Home: %-26.26s      Class: %s\n"
595 	       "     Shell: %-26.26s     Office: %s\n"
596 	       "Work Phone: %-26.26s Home Phone: %s\n"
597 	       "Acc Expire: %-26.26s Pwd Expire: %s\n",
598 	       pwd->pw_name, (uintmax_t)pwd->pw_uid,
599 	       grp ? grp->gr_name : "(invalid)", (uintmax_t)pwd->pw_gid,
600 	       uname, pwd->pw_dir, pwd->pw_class,
601 	       pwd->pw_shell, office, wphone, hphone,
602 	       acexpire, pwexpire);
603         SETGRENT();
604 	j = 0;
605 	while ((grp=GETGRENT()) != NULL) {
606 		int     i = 0;
607 		if (grp->gr_mem != NULL) {
608 			while (grp->gr_mem[i] != NULL) {
609 				if (strcmp(grp->gr_mem[i], pwd->pw_name)==0) {
610 					printf(j++ == 0 ? "    Groups: %s" : ",%s", grp->gr_name);
611 					break;
612 				}
613 				++i;
614 			}
615 		}
616 	}
617 	ENDGRENT();
618 	printf("%s", j ? "\n" : "");
619 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
620 }
621 
622 char *
623 pw_checkname(char *name, int gecos)
624 {
625 	char showch[8];
626 	const char *badchars, *ch, *showtype;
627 	int reject;
628 
629 	ch = name;
630 	reject = 0;
631 	if (gecos) {
632 		/* See if the name is valid as a gecos (comment) field. */
633 		badchars = ":!@";
634 		showtype = "gecos field";
635 	} else {
636 		/* See if the name is valid as a userid or group. */
637 		badchars = " ,\t:+&#%$^()!@~*?<>=|\\/\"";
638 		showtype = "userid/group name";
639 		/* Userids and groups can not have a leading '-'. */
640 		if (*ch == '-')
641 			reject = 1;
642 	}
643 	if (!reject) {
644 		while (*ch) {
645 			if (strchr(badchars, *ch) != NULL ||
646 			    (!gecos && *ch < ' ') ||
647 			    *ch == 127) {
648 				reject = 1;
649 				break;
650 			}
651 			/* 8-bit characters are only allowed in GECOS fields */
652 			if (!gecos && (*ch & 0x80)) {
653 				reject = 1;
654 				break;
655 			}
656 			ch++;
657 		}
658 	}
659 	/*
660 	 * A `$' is allowed as the final character for userids and groups,
661 	 * mainly for the benefit of samba.
662 	 */
663 	if (reject && !gecos) {
664 		if (*ch == '$' && *(ch + 1) == '\0') {
665 			reject = 0;
666 			ch++;
667 		}
668 	}
669 	if (reject) {
670 		snprintf(showch, sizeof(showch), (*ch >= ' ' && *ch < 127)
671 		    ? "`%c'" : "0x%02x", *ch);
672 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid character %s at position %td in %s",
673 		    showch, (ch - name), showtype);
674 	}
675 	if (!gecos && (ch - name) > LOGNAMESIZE)
676 		errx(EX_USAGE, "name too long `%s' (max is %d)", name,
677 		    LOGNAMESIZE);
678 
679 	return (name);
680 }
681 
682 static void
683 rmat(uid_t uid)
684 {
685 	DIR            *d = opendir("/var/at/jobs");
686 
687 	if (d != NULL) {
688 		struct dirent  *e;
689 
690 		while ((e = readdir(d)) != NULL) {
691 			struct stat     st;
692 
693 			if (strncmp(e->d_name, ".lock", 5) != 0 &&
694 			    stat(e->d_name, &st) == 0 &&
695 			    !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) &&
696 			    st.st_uid == uid) {
697 				char            tmp[MAXPATHLEN];
698 
699 				snprintf(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "/usr/bin/atrm %s",
700 				    e->d_name);
701 				system(tmp);
702 			}
703 		}
704 		closedir(d);
705 	}
706 }
707 
708 static void
709 rmopie(char const * name)
710 {
711 	char tmp[1014];
712 	FILE *fp;
713 	int fd;
714 	size_t len;
715 	off_t	atofs = 0;
716 
717 	if ((fd = openat(conf.rootfd, "etc/opiekeys", O_RDWR)) == -1)
718 		return;
719 
720 	fp = fdopen(fd, "r+");
721 	len = strlen(name);
722 
723 	while (fgets(tmp, sizeof(tmp), fp) != NULL) {
724 		if (strncmp(name, tmp, len) == 0 && tmp[len]==' ') {
725 			/* Comment username out */
726 			if (fseek(fp, atofs, SEEK_SET) == 0)
727 				fwrite("#", 1, 1, fp);
728 			break;
729 		}
730 		atofs = ftell(fp);
731 	}
732 	/*
733 	 * If we got an error of any sort, don't update!
734 	 */
735 	fclose(fp);
736 }
737 
738 int
739 pw_user_next(int argc, char **argv, char *name __unused)
740 {
741 	struct userconf *cnf = NULL;
742 	const char *cfg = NULL;
743 	int ch;
744 	bool quiet = false;
745 	uid_t next;
746 
747 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Cq")) != -1) {
748 		switch (ch) {
749 		case 'C':
750 			cfg = optarg;
751 			break;
752 		case 'q':
753 			quiet = true;
754 			break;
755 		}
756 	}
757 
758 	if (quiet)
759 		freopen(_PATH_DEVNULL, "w", stderr);
760 
761 	cnf = get_userconfig(cfg);
762 
763 	next = pw_uidpolicy(cnf, -1);
764 
765 	printf("%ju:", (uintmax_t)next);
766 	pw_groupnext(cnf, quiet);
767 
768 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
769 }
770 
771 int
772 pw_user_show(int argc, char **argv, char *arg1)
773 {
774 	struct passwd *pwd = NULL;
775 	char *name = NULL;
776 	intmax_t id = -1;
777 	int ch;
778 	bool all = false;
779 	bool pretty = false;
780 	bool force = false;
781 	bool v7 = false;
782 	bool quiet = false;
783 
784 	if (arg1 != NULL) {
785 		if (arg1[strspn(arg1, "0123456789")] == '\0')
786 			id = pw_checkid(arg1, UID_MAX);
787 		else
788 			name = arg1;
789 	}
790 
791 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "C:qn:u:FPa7")) != -1) {
792 		switch (ch) {
793 		case 'C':
794 			/* ignore compatibility */
795 			break;
796 		case 'q':
797 			quiet = true;
798 			break;
799 		case 'n':
800 			name = optarg;
801 			break;
802 		case 'u':
803 			id = pw_checkid(optarg, UID_MAX);
804 			break;
805 		case 'F':
806 			force = true;
807 			break;
808 		case 'P':
809 			pretty = true;
810 			break;
811 		case 'a':
812 			all = true;
813 			break;
814 		case '7':
815 			v7 = true;
816 			break;
817 		}
818 	}
819 
820 	if (quiet)
821 		freopen(_PATH_DEVNULL, "w", stderr);
822 
823 	if (all) {
824 		SETPWENT();
825 		while ((pwd = GETPWENT()) != NULL)
826 			print_user(pwd, pretty, v7);
827 		ENDPWENT();
828 		return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
829 	}
830 
831 	if (id < 0 && name == NULL)
832 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "username or id required");
833 
834 	pwd = (name != NULL) ? GETPWNAM(pw_checkname(name, 0)) : GETPWUID(id);
835 	if (pwd == NULL) {
836 		if (force) {
837 			pwd = &fakeuser;
838 		} else {
839 			if (name == NULL)
840 				errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such uid `%ju'",
841 				    (uintmax_t) id);
842 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such user `%s'", name);
843 		}
844 	}
845 
846 	return (print_user(pwd, pretty, v7));
847 }
848 
849 int
850 pw_user_del(int argc, char **argv, char *arg1)
851 {
852 	struct userconf *cnf = NULL;
853 	struct passwd *pwd = NULL;
854 	struct group *gr, *grp;
855 	char *name = NULL;
856 	char grname[MAXLOGNAME];
857 	char *nispasswd = NULL;
858 	char file[MAXPATHLEN];
859 	char home[MAXPATHLEN];
860 	const char *cfg = NULL;
861 	struct stat st;
862 	intmax_t id = -1;
863 	int ch, rc;
864 	bool nis = false;
865 	bool deletehome = false;
866 	bool quiet = false;
867 
868 	if (arg1 != NULL) {
869 		if (arg1[strspn(arg1, "0123456789")] == '\0')
870 			id = pw_checkid(arg1, UID_MAX);
871 		else
872 			name = arg1;
873 	}
874 
875 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "C:qn:u:rYy:")) != -1) {
876 		switch (ch) {
877 		case 'C':
878 			cfg = optarg;
879 			break;
880 		case 'q':
881 			quiet = true;
882 			break;
883 		case 'n':
884 			name = optarg;
885 			break;
886 		case 'u':
887 			id = pw_checkid(optarg, UID_MAX);
888 			break;
889 		case 'r':
890 			deletehome = true;
891 			break;
892 		case 'y':
893 			nispasswd = optarg;
894 			break;
895 		case 'Y':
896 			nis = true;
897 			break;
898 		}
899 	}
900 
901 	if (quiet)
902 		freopen(_PATH_DEVNULL, "w", stderr);
903 
904 	if (id < 0 && name == NULL)
905 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "username or id required");
906 
907 	cnf = get_userconfig(cfg);
908 
909 	if (nispasswd == NULL)
910 		nispasswd = cnf->nispasswd;
911 
912 	pwd = (name != NULL) ? GETPWNAM(pw_checkname(name, 0)) : GETPWUID(id);
913 	if (pwd == NULL) {
914 		if (name == NULL)
915 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such uid `%ju'", (uintmax_t) id);
916 		errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such user `%s'", name);
917 	}
918 
919 	if (PWF._altdir == PWF_REGULAR &&
920 	    ((pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE) != _PWF_FILES)) {
921 		if ((pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE) == _PWF_NIS) {
922 			if (!nis && nispasswd && *nispasswd != '/')
923 				errx(EX_NOUSER, "Cannot remove NIS user `%s'",
924 				    name);
925 		} else {
926 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "Cannot remove non local user `%s'",
927 			    name);
928 		}
929 	}
930 
931 	id = pwd->pw_uid;
932 	if (name == NULL)
933 		name = pwd->pw_name;
934 
935 	if (strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") == 0)
936 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "cannot remove user 'root'");
937 
938 	/* Remove opie record from /etc/opiekeys */
939 	if (PWALTDIR() != PWF_ALT)
940 		rmopie(pwd->pw_name);
941 
942 	if (!PWALTDIR()) {
943 		/* Remove crontabs */
944 		snprintf(file, sizeof(file), "/var/cron/tabs/%s", pwd->pw_name);
945 		if (access(file, F_OK) == 0) {
946 			snprintf(file, sizeof(file), "crontab -u %s -r",
947 			    pwd->pw_name);
948 			system(file);
949 		}
950 	}
951 
952 	/*
953 	 * Save these for later, since contents of pwd may be
954 	 * invalidated by deletion
955 	 */
956 	snprintf(file, sizeof(file), "%s/%s", _PATH_MAILDIR, pwd->pw_name);
957 	strlcpy(home, pwd->pw_dir, sizeof(home));
958 	gr = GETGRGID(pwd->pw_gid);
959 	if (gr != NULL)
960 		strlcpy(grname, gr->gr_name, LOGNAMESIZE);
961 	else
962 		grname[0] = '\0';
963 
964 	rc = delpwent(pwd);
965 	if (rc == -1)
966 		err(EX_IOERR, "user '%s' does not exist", pwd->pw_name);
967 	else if (rc != 0)
968 		err(EX_IOERR, "passwd update");
969 
970 	if (nis && nispasswd && *nispasswd=='/') {
971 		rc = delnispwent(nispasswd, name);
972 		if (rc == -1)
973 			warnx("WARNING: user '%s' does not exist in NIS passwd",
974 			    pwd->pw_name);
975 		else if (rc != 0)
976 			warn("WARNING: NIS passwd update");
977 	}
978 
979 	grp = GETGRNAM(name);
980 	if (grp != NULL &&
981 	    (grp->gr_mem == NULL || *grp->gr_mem == NULL) &&
982 	    strcmp(name, grname) == 0)
983 		delgrent(GETGRNAM(name));
984 	SETGRENT();
985 	while ((grp = GETGRENT()) != NULL) {
986 		int i, j;
987 		char group[MAXLOGNAME];
988 		if (grp->gr_mem == NULL)
989 			continue;
990 
991 		for (i = 0; grp->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
992 			if (strcmp(grp->gr_mem[i], name) != 0)
993 				continue;
994 
995 			for (j = i; grp->gr_mem[j] != NULL; j++)
996 				grp->gr_mem[j] = grp->gr_mem[j+1];
997 			strlcpy(group, grp->gr_name, MAXLOGNAME);
998 			chggrent(group, grp);
999 		}
1000 	}
1001 	ENDGRENT();
1002 
1003 	pw_log(cnf, M_DELETE, W_USER, "%s(%ju) account removed", name,
1004 	    (uintmax_t)id);
1005 
1006 	/* Remove mail file */
1007 	if (PWALTDIR() != PWF_ALT)
1008 		unlinkat(conf.rootfd, file + 1, 0);
1009 
1010 	/* Remove at jobs */
1011 	if (!PWALTDIR() && getpwuid(id) == NULL)
1012 		rmat(id);
1013 
1014 	/* Remove home directory and contents */
1015 	if (PWALTDIR() != PWF_ALT && deletehome && *home == '/' &&
1016 	    GETPWUID(id) == NULL &&
1017 	    fstatat(conf.rootfd, home + 1, &st, 0) != -1) {
1018 		rm_r(conf.rootfd, home, id);
1019 		pw_log(cnf, M_DELETE, W_USER, "%s(%ju) home '%s' %s"
1020 		    "removed", name, (uintmax_t)id, home,
1021 		     fstatat(conf.rootfd, home + 1, &st, 0) == -1 ? "" : "not "
1022 		     "completely ");
1023 	}
1024 
1025 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
1026 }
1027 
1028 int
1029 pw_user_lock(int argc, char **argv, char *arg1)
1030 {
1031 	int ch;
1032 
1033 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Cq")) != -1) {
1034 		switch (ch) {
1035 		case 'C':
1036 		case 'q':
1037 			/* compatibility */
1038 			break;
1039 		}
1040 	}
1041 
1042 	return (pw_userlock(arg1, M_LOCK));
1043 }
1044 
1045 int
1046 pw_user_unlock(int argc, char **argv, char *arg1)
1047 {
1048 	int ch;
1049 
1050 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "Cq")) != -1) {
1051 		switch (ch) {
1052 		case 'C':
1053 		case 'q':
1054 			/* compatibility */
1055 			break;
1056 		}
1057 	}
1058 
1059 	return (pw_userlock(arg1, M_UNLOCK));
1060 }
1061 
1062 static struct group *
1063 group_from_name_or_id(char *name)
1064 {
1065 	const char *errstr = NULL;
1066 	struct group *grp;
1067 	uintmax_t id;
1068 
1069 	if ((grp = GETGRNAM(name)) == NULL) {
1070 		id = strtounum(name, 0, GID_MAX, &errstr);
1071 		if (errstr)
1072 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "group `%s' does not exist", name);
1073 		grp = GETGRGID(id);
1074 		if (grp == NULL)
1075 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "group `%s' does not exist", name);
1076 	}
1077 
1078 	return (grp);
1079 }
1080 
1081 static void
1082 split_groups(StringList **groups, char *groupsstr)
1083 {
1084 	struct group *grp;
1085 	char *p;
1086 	char tok[] = ", \t";
1087 
1088 	for (p = strtok(groupsstr, tok); p != NULL; p = strtok(NULL, tok)) {
1089 		grp = group_from_name_or_id(p);
1090 		if (*groups == NULL)
1091 			*groups = sl_init();
1092 		sl_add(*groups, newstr(grp->gr_name));
1093 	}
1094 }
1095 
1096 static void
1097 validate_grname(struct userconf *cnf, char *group)
1098 {
1099 	struct group *grp;
1100 
1101 	if (group == NULL || *group == '\0') {
1102 		cnf->default_group = "";
1103 		return;
1104 	}
1105 	grp = group_from_name_or_id(group);
1106 	cnf->default_group = newstr(grp->gr_name);
1107 }
1108 
1109 static mode_t
1110 validate_mode(char *mode)
1111 {
1112 	mode_t m;
1113 	void *set;
1114 
1115 	if ((set = setmode(mode)) == NULL)
1116 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "invalid directory creation mode '%s'", mode);
1117 
1118 	m = getmode(set, _DEF_DIRMODE);
1119 	free(set);
1120 	return (m);
1121 }
1122 
1123 static void
1124 mix_config(struct userconf *cmdcnf, struct userconf *cfg)
1125 {
1126 
1127 	if (cmdcnf->default_password == 0)
1128 		cmdcnf->default_password = cfg->default_password;
1129 	if (cmdcnf->reuse_uids == 0)
1130 		cmdcnf->reuse_uids = cfg->reuse_uids;
1131 	if (cmdcnf->reuse_gids == 0)
1132 		cmdcnf->reuse_gids = cfg->reuse_gids;
1133 	if (cmdcnf->nispasswd == NULL)
1134 		cmdcnf->nispasswd = cfg->nispasswd;
1135 	if (cmdcnf->dotdir == NULL)
1136 		cmdcnf->dotdir = cfg->dotdir;
1137 	if (cmdcnf->newmail == NULL)
1138 		cmdcnf->newmail = cfg->newmail;
1139 	if (cmdcnf->logfile == NULL)
1140 		cmdcnf->logfile = cfg->logfile;
1141 	if (cmdcnf->home == NULL)
1142 		cmdcnf->home = cfg->home;
1143 	if (cmdcnf->homemode == 0)
1144 		cmdcnf->homemode = cfg->homemode;
1145 	if (cmdcnf->shelldir == NULL)
1146 		cmdcnf->shelldir = cfg->shelldir;
1147 	if (cmdcnf->shells == NULL)
1148 		cmdcnf->shells = cfg->shells;
1149 	if (cmdcnf->shell_default == NULL)
1150 		cmdcnf->shell_default = cfg->shell_default;
1151 	if (cmdcnf->default_group == NULL)
1152 		cmdcnf->default_group = cfg->default_group;
1153 	if (cmdcnf->groups == NULL)
1154 		cmdcnf->groups = cfg->groups;
1155 	if (cmdcnf->default_class == NULL)
1156 		cmdcnf->default_class = cfg->default_class;
1157 	if (cmdcnf->min_uid == 0)
1158 		cmdcnf->min_uid = cfg->min_uid;
1159 	if (cmdcnf->max_uid == 0)
1160 		cmdcnf->max_uid = cfg->max_uid;
1161 	if (cmdcnf->min_gid == 0)
1162 		cmdcnf->min_gid = cfg->min_gid;
1163 	if (cmdcnf->max_gid == 0)
1164 		cmdcnf->max_gid = cfg->max_gid;
1165 	if (cmdcnf->expire_days == 0)
1166 		cmdcnf->expire_days = cfg->expire_days;
1167 	if (cmdcnf->password_days == 0)
1168 		cmdcnf->password_days = cfg->password_days;
1169 }
1170 
1171 int
1172 pw_user_add(int argc, char **argv, char *arg1)
1173 {
1174 	struct userconf *cnf, *cmdcnf;
1175 	struct passwd *pwd;
1176 	struct group *grp;
1177 	struct stat st;
1178 	char args[] = "C:qn:u:c:d:e:p:g:G:mM:k:s:oL:i:w:h:H:Db:NPy:Y";
1179 	char line[_PASSWORD_LEN+1], path[MAXPATHLEN];
1180 	char *gecos, *homedir, *skel, *walk, *userid, *groupid, *grname;
1181 	char *default_passwd, *name, *p;
1182 	const char *cfg;
1183 	login_cap_t *lc;
1184 	FILE *pfp, *fp;
1185 	intmax_t id = -1;
1186 	time_t now;
1187 	int rc, ch, fd = -1;
1188 	size_t i;
1189 	bool dryrun, nis, pretty, quiet, createhome, precrypted, genconf;
1190 
1191 	dryrun = nis = pretty = quiet = createhome = precrypted = false;
1192 	genconf = false;
1193 	gecos = homedir = skel = userid = groupid = default_passwd = NULL;
1194 	grname = name = NULL;
1195 
1196 	if ((cmdcnf = calloc(1, sizeof(struct userconf))) == NULL)
1197 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "calloc()");
1198 
1199 	if (arg1 != NULL) {
1200 		if (arg1[strspn(arg1, "0123456789")] == '\0')
1201 			id = pw_checkid(arg1, UID_MAX);
1202 		else
1203 			name = arg1;
1204 	}
1205 
1206 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, args)) != -1) {
1207 		switch (ch) {
1208 		case 'C':
1209 			cfg = optarg;
1210 			break;
1211 		case 'q':
1212 			quiet = true;
1213 			break;
1214 		case 'n':
1215 			name = optarg;
1216 			break;
1217 		case 'u':
1218 			userid = optarg;
1219 			break;
1220 		case 'c':
1221 			gecos = pw_checkname(optarg, 1);
1222 			break;
1223 		case 'd':
1224 			homedir = optarg;
1225 			break;
1226 		case 'e':
1227 			now = time(NULL);
1228 			cmdcnf->expire_days = parse_date(now, optarg);
1229 			break;
1230 		case 'p':
1231 			now = time(NULL);
1232 			cmdcnf->password_days = parse_date(now, optarg);
1233 			break;
1234 		case 'g':
1235 			validate_grname(cmdcnf, optarg);
1236 			grname = optarg;
1237 			break;
1238 		case 'G':
1239 			split_groups(&cmdcnf->groups, optarg);
1240 			break;
1241 		case 'm':
1242 			createhome = true;
1243 			break;
1244 		case 'M':
1245 			cmdcnf->homemode = validate_mode(optarg);
1246 			break;
1247 		case 'k':
1248 			walk = skel = optarg;
1249 			if (*walk == '/')
1250 				walk++;
1251 			if (fstatat(conf.rootfd, walk, &st, 0) == -1)
1252 				errx(EX_OSFILE, "skeleton `%s' does not "
1253 				    "exists", skel);
1254 			if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
1255 				errx(EX_OSFILE, "skeleton `%s' is not a "
1256 				    "directory", skel);
1257 			cmdcnf->dotdir = skel;
1258 			break;
1259 		case 's':
1260 			cmdcnf->shell_default = optarg;
1261 			break;
1262 		case 'o':
1263 			conf.checkduplicate = false;
1264 			break;
1265 		case 'L':
1266 			cmdcnf->default_class = pw_checkname(optarg, 0);
1267 			break;
1268 		case 'i':
1269 			groupid = optarg;
1270 			break;
1271 		case 'w':
1272 			default_passwd = optarg;
1273 			break;
1274 		case 'H':
1275 			if (fd != -1)
1276 				errx(EX_USAGE, "'-h' and '-H' are mutually "
1277 				    "exclusive options");
1278 			fd = pw_checkfd(optarg);
1279 			precrypted = true;
1280 			if (fd == '-')
1281 				errx(EX_USAGE, "-H expects a file descriptor");
1282 			break;
1283 		case 'h':
1284 			if (fd != -1)
1285 				errx(EX_USAGE, "'-h' and '-H' are mutually "
1286 				    "exclusive options");
1287 			fd = pw_checkfd(optarg);
1288 			break;
1289 		case 'D':
1290 			genconf = true;
1291 			break;
1292 		case 'b':
1293 			cmdcnf->home = optarg;
1294 			break;
1295 		case 'N':
1296 			dryrun = true;
1297 			break;
1298 		case 'P':
1299 			pretty = true;
1300 			break;
1301 		case 'y':
1302 			cmdcnf->nispasswd = optarg;
1303 			break;
1304 		case 'Y':
1305 			nis = true;
1306 			break;
1307 		}
1308 	}
1309 
1310 	if (geteuid() != 0 && ! dryrun)
1311 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "you must be root");
1312 
1313 	if (quiet)
1314 		freopen(_PATH_DEVNULL, "w", stderr);
1315 
1316 	cnf = get_userconfig(cfg);
1317 
1318 	mix_config(cmdcnf, cnf);
1319 	if (default_passwd)
1320 		cmdcnf->default_password = boolean_val(default_passwd,
1321 		    cnf->default_password);
1322 	if (genconf) {
1323 		if (name != NULL)
1324 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "can't combine `-D' with `-n name'");
1325 		if (userid != NULL) {
1326 			if ((p = strtok(userid, ", \t")) != NULL)
1327 				cmdcnf->min_uid = pw_checkid(p, UID_MAX);
1328 			if (cmdcnf->min_uid == 0)
1329 				cmdcnf->min_uid = 1000;
1330 			if ((p = strtok(NULL, " ,\t")) != NULL)
1331 				cmdcnf->max_uid = pw_checkid(p, UID_MAX);
1332 			if (cmdcnf->max_uid == 0)
1333 				cmdcnf->max_uid = 32000;
1334 		}
1335 		if (groupid != NULL) {
1336 			if ((p = strtok(groupid, ", \t")) != NULL)
1337 				cmdcnf->min_gid = pw_checkid(p, GID_MAX);
1338 			if (cmdcnf->min_gid == 0)
1339 				cmdcnf->min_gid = 1000;
1340 			if ((p = strtok(NULL, " ,\t")) != NULL)
1341 				cmdcnf->max_gid = pw_checkid(p, GID_MAX);
1342 			if (cmdcnf->max_gid == 0)
1343 				cmdcnf->max_gid = 32000;
1344 		}
1345 		if (write_userconfig(cmdcnf, cfg))
1346 			return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
1347 		err(EX_IOERR, "config update");
1348 	}
1349 
1350 	if (userid)
1351 		id = pw_checkid(userid, UID_MAX);
1352 	if (id < 0 && name == NULL)
1353 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "user name or id required");
1354 
1355 	if (name == NULL)
1356 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "login name required");
1357 
1358 	if (GETPWNAM(name) != NULL)
1359 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "login name `%s' already exists", name);
1360 
1361 	pwd = &fakeuser;
1362 	pwd->pw_name = name;
1363 	pwd->pw_class = cmdcnf->default_class ? cmdcnf->default_class : "";
1364 	pwd->pw_uid = pw_uidpolicy(cmdcnf, id);
1365 	pwd->pw_gid = pw_gidpolicy(cnf, grname, pwd->pw_name,
1366 	    (gid_t) pwd->pw_uid, dryrun);
1367 	pwd->pw_change = cmdcnf->password_days;
1368 	pwd->pw_expire = cmdcnf->expire_days;
1369 	pwd->pw_dir = pw_homepolicy(cmdcnf, homedir, pwd->pw_name);
1370 	pwd->pw_shell = pw_shellpolicy(cmdcnf);
1371 	lc = login_getpwclass(pwd);
1372 	if (lc == NULL || login_setcryptfmt(lc, "sha512", NULL) == NULL)
1373 		warn("setting crypt(3) format");
1374 	login_close(lc);
1375 	pwd->pw_passwd = pw_password(cmdcnf, pwd->pw_name, dryrun);
1376 	if (pwd->pw_uid == 0 && strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") != 0)
1377 		warnx("WARNING: new account `%s' has a uid of 0 "
1378 		    "(superuser access!)", pwd->pw_name);
1379 	if (gecos)
1380 		pwd->pw_gecos = gecos;
1381 
1382 	if (fd != -1)
1383 		pw_set_passwd(pwd, fd, precrypted, false);
1384 
1385 	if (dryrun)
1386 		return (print_user(pwd, pretty, false));
1387 
1388 	if ((rc = addpwent(pwd)) != 0) {
1389 		if (rc == -1)
1390 			errx(EX_IOERR, "user '%s' already exists",
1391 			    pwd->pw_name);
1392 		else if (rc != 0)
1393 			err(EX_IOERR, "passwd file update");
1394 	}
1395 	if (nis && cmdcnf->nispasswd && *cmdcnf->nispasswd == '/') {
1396 		printf("%s\n", cmdcnf->nispasswd);
1397 		rc = addnispwent(cmdcnf->nispasswd, pwd);
1398 		if (rc == -1)
1399 			warnx("User '%s' already exists in NIS passwd",
1400 			    pwd->pw_name);
1401 		else if (rc != 0)
1402 			warn("NIS passwd update");
1403 		/* NOTE: we treat NIS-only update errors as non-fatal */
1404 	}
1405 
1406 	if (cmdcnf->groups != NULL) {
1407 		for (i = 0; i < cmdcnf->groups->sl_cur; i++) {
1408 			grp = GETGRNAM(cmdcnf->groups->sl_str[i]);
1409 			grp = gr_add(grp, pwd->pw_name);
1410 			/*
1411 			 * grp can only be NULL in 2 cases:
1412 			 * - the new member is already a member
1413 			 * - a problem with memory occurs
1414 			 * in both cases we want to skip now.
1415 			 */
1416 			if (grp == NULL)
1417 				continue;
1418 			chggrent(grp->gr_name, grp);
1419 			free(grp);
1420 		}
1421 	}
1422 
1423 	pwd = GETPWNAM(name);
1424 	if (pwd == NULL)
1425 		errx(EX_NOUSER, "user '%s' disappeared during update", name);
1426 
1427 	grp = GETGRGID(pwd->pw_gid);
1428 	pw_log(cnf, M_ADD, W_USER, "%s(%ju):%s(%ju):%s:%s:%s",
1429 	       pwd->pw_name, (uintmax_t)pwd->pw_uid,
1430 	    grp ? grp->gr_name : "unknown",
1431 	       (uintmax_t)(grp ? grp->gr_gid : (uid_t)-1),
1432 	       pwd->pw_gecos, pwd->pw_dir, pwd->pw_shell);
1433 
1434 	/*
1435 	 * let's touch and chown the user's mail file. This is not
1436 	 * strictly necessary under BSD with a 0755 maildir but it also
1437 	 * doesn't hurt anything to create the empty mailfile
1438 	 */
1439 	if (PWALTDIR() != PWF_ALT) {
1440 		snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", _PATH_MAILDIR,
1441 		    pwd->pw_name);
1442 		/* Preserve contents & mtime */
1443 		close(openat(conf.rootfd, path +1, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600));
1444 		fchownat(conf.rootfd, path + 1, pwd->pw_uid, pwd->pw_gid,
1445 		    AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW);
1446 	}
1447 
1448 	/*
1449 	 * Let's create and populate the user's home directory. Note
1450 	 * that this also `works' for editing users if -m is used, but
1451 	 * existing files will *not* be overwritten.
1452 	 */
1453 	if (PWALTDIR() != PWF_ALT && createhome && pwd->pw_dir &&
1454 	    *pwd->pw_dir == '/' && pwd->pw_dir[1])
1455 		create_and_populate_homedir(cmdcnf, pwd, cmdcnf->dotdir,
1456 		    cmdcnf->homemode, false);
1457 
1458 	if (!PWALTDIR() && cmdcnf->newmail && *cmdcnf->newmail &&
1459 	    (fp = fopen(cnf->newmail, "r")) != NULL) {
1460 		if ((pfp = popen(_PATH_SENDMAIL " -t", "w")) == NULL)
1461 			warn("sendmail");
1462 		else {
1463 			fprintf(pfp, "From: root\n" "To: %s\n"
1464 			    "Subject: Welcome!\n\n", pwd->pw_name);
1465 			while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp) != NULL) {
1466 				/* Do substitutions? */
1467 				fputs(line, pfp);
1468 			}
1469 			pclose(pfp);
1470 			pw_log(cnf, M_ADD, W_USER, "%s(%ju) new user mail sent",
1471 			    pwd->pw_name, (uintmax_t)pwd->pw_uid);
1472 		}
1473 		fclose(fp);
1474 	}
1475 
1476 	if (nis && nis_update() == 0)
1477 		pw_log(cnf, M_ADD, W_USER, "NIS maps updated");
1478 
1479 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
1480 }
1481 
1482 int
1483 pw_user_mod(int argc, char **argv, char *arg1)
1484 {
1485 	struct userconf *cnf;
1486 	struct passwd *pwd;
1487 	struct group *grp;
1488 	StringList *groups = NULL;
1489 	char args[] = "C:qn:u:c:d:e:p:g:G:mM:l:k:s:w:L:h:H:NPYy:";
1490 	const char *cfg;
1491 	char *gecos, *homedir, *grname, *name, *newname, *walk, *skel, *shell;
1492 	char *passwd, *class, *nispasswd;
1493 	login_cap_t *lc;
1494 	struct stat st;
1495 	intmax_t id = -1;
1496 	int ch, fd = -1;
1497 	size_t i, j;
1498 	bool quiet, createhome, pretty, dryrun, nis, edited, docreatehome;
1499 	bool precrypted;
1500 	mode_t homemode = 0;
1501 	time_t expire_days, password_days, now;
1502 
1503 	expire_days = password_days = -1;
1504 	gecos = homedir = grname = name = newname = skel = shell =NULL;
1505 	passwd = NULL;
1506 	class = nispasswd = NULL;
1507 	quiet = createhome = pretty = dryrun = nis = precrypted = false;
1508 	edited = docreatehome = false;
1509 
1510 	if (arg1 != NULL) {
1511 		if (arg1[strspn(arg1, "0123456789")] == '\0')
1512 			id = pw_checkid(arg1, UID_MAX);
1513 		else
1514 			name = arg1;
1515 	}
1516 
1517 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, args)) != -1) {
1518 		switch (ch) {
1519 		case 'C':
1520 			cfg = optarg;
1521 			break;
1522 		case 'q':
1523 			quiet = true;
1524 			break;
1525 		case 'n':
1526 			name = optarg;
1527 			break;
1528 		case 'u':
1529 			id = pw_checkid(optarg, UID_MAX);
1530 			break;
1531 		case 'c':
1532 			gecos = pw_checkname(optarg, 1);
1533 			break;
1534 		case 'd':
1535 			homedir = optarg;
1536 			break;
1537 		case 'e':
1538 			now = time(NULL);
1539 			expire_days = parse_date(now, optarg);
1540 			break;
1541 		case 'p':
1542 			now = time(NULL);
1543 			password_days = parse_date(now, optarg);
1544 			break;
1545 		case 'g':
1546 			group_from_name_or_id(optarg);
1547 			grname = optarg;
1548 			break;
1549 		case 'G':
1550 			split_groups(&groups, optarg);
1551 			break;
1552 		case 'm':
1553 			createhome = true;
1554 			break;
1555 		case 'M':
1556 			homemode = validate_mode(optarg);
1557 			break;
1558 		case 'l':
1559 			newname = optarg;
1560 			break;
1561 		case 'k':
1562 			walk = skel = optarg;
1563 			if (*walk == '/')
1564 				walk++;
1565 			if (fstatat(conf.rootfd, walk, &st, 0) == -1)
1566 				errx(EX_OSFILE, "skeleton `%s' does not "
1567 				    "exists", skel);
1568 			if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
1569 				errx(EX_OSFILE, "skeleton `%s' is not a "
1570 				    "directory", skel);
1571 			break;
1572 		case 's':
1573 			shell = optarg;
1574 			break;
1575 		case 'w':
1576 			passwd = optarg;
1577 			break;
1578 		case 'L':
1579 			class = pw_checkname(optarg, 0);
1580 			break;
1581 		case 'H':
1582 			if (fd != -1)
1583 				errx(EX_USAGE, "'-h' and '-H' are mutually "
1584 				    "exclusive options");
1585 			fd = pw_checkfd(optarg);
1586 			precrypted = true;
1587 			if (fd == '-')
1588 				errx(EX_USAGE, "-H expects a file descriptor");
1589 			break;
1590 		case 'h':
1591 			if (fd != -1)
1592 				errx(EX_USAGE, "'-h' and '-H' are mutually "
1593 				    "exclusive options");
1594 			fd = pw_checkfd(optarg);
1595 			break;
1596 		case 'N':
1597 			dryrun = true;
1598 			break;
1599 		case 'P':
1600 			pretty = true;
1601 			break;
1602 		case 'y':
1603 			nispasswd = optarg;
1604 			break;
1605 		case 'Y':
1606 			nis = true;
1607 			break;
1608 		}
1609 	}
1610 
1611 	if (geteuid() != 0 && ! dryrun)
1612 		errx(EX_NOPERM, "you must be root");
1613 
1614 	if (quiet)
1615 		freopen(_PATH_DEVNULL, "w", stderr);
1616 
1617 	cnf = get_userconfig(cfg);
1618 
1619 	if (id < 0 && name == NULL)
1620 		errx(EX_DATAERR, "username or id required");
1621 
1622 	pwd = (name != NULL) ? GETPWNAM(pw_checkname(name, 0)) : GETPWUID(id);
1623 	if (pwd == NULL) {
1624 		if (name == NULL)
1625 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such uid `%ju'",
1626 			    (uintmax_t) id);
1627 		errx(EX_NOUSER, "no such user `%s'", name);
1628 	}
1629 
1630 	if (name == NULL)
1631 		name = pwd->pw_name;
1632 
1633 	if (nis && nispasswd == NULL)
1634 		nispasswd = cnf->nispasswd;
1635 
1636 	if (PWF._altdir == PWF_REGULAR &&
1637 	    ((pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE) != _PWF_FILES)) {
1638 		if ((pwd->pw_fields & _PWF_SOURCE) == _PWF_NIS) {
1639 			if (!nis && nispasswd && *nispasswd != '/')
1640 				errx(EX_NOUSER, "Cannot modify NIS user `%s'",
1641 				    name);
1642 		} else {
1643 			errx(EX_NOUSER, "Cannot modify non local user `%s'",
1644 			    name);
1645 		}
1646 	}
1647 
1648 	if (newname) {
1649 		if (strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") == 0)
1650 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "can't rename `root' account");
1651 		if (strcmp(pwd->pw_name, newname) != 0) {
1652 			pwd->pw_name = pw_checkname(newname, 0);
1653 			edited = true;
1654 		}
1655 	}
1656 
1657 	if (id > 0 && pwd->pw_uid != id) {
1658 		pwd->pw_uid = id;
1659 		edited = true;
1660 		if (pwd->pw_uid != 0 && strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") == 0)
1661 			errx(EX_DATAERR, "can't change uid of `root' account");
1662 		if (pwd->pw_uid == 0 && strcmp(pwd->pw_name, "root") != 0)
1663 			warnx("WARNING: account `%s' will have a uid of 0 "
1664 			    "(superuser access!)", pwd->pw_name);
1665 	}
1666 
1667 	if (grname && pwd->pw_uid != 0) {
1668 		grp = GETGRNAM(grname);
1669 		if (grp == NULL)
1670 			grp = GETGRGID(pw_checkid(grname, GID_MAX));
1671 		if (grp->gr_gid != pwd->pw_gid) {
1672 			pwd->pw_gid = grp->gr_gid;
1673 			edited = true;
1674 		}
1675 	}
1676 
1677 	if (password_days >= 0 && pwd->pw_change != password_days) {
1678 		pwd->pw_change = password_days;
1679 		edited = true;
1680 	}
1681 
1682 	if (expire_days >= 0 && pwd->pw_expire != expire_days) {
1683 		pwd->pw_expire = expire_days;
1684 		edited = true;
1685 	}
1686 
1687 	if (shell) {
1688 		shell = shell_path(cnf->shelldir, cnf->shells, shell);
1689 		if (shell == NULL)
1690 			shell = "";
1691 		if (strcmp(shell, pwd->pw_shell) != 0) {
1692 			pwd->pw_shell = shell;
1693 			edited = true;
1694 		}
1695 	}
1696 
1697 	if (class && strcmp(pwd->pw_class, class) != 0) {
1698 		pwd->pw_class = class;
1699 		edited = true;
1700 	}
1701 
1702 	if (homedir && strcmp(pwd->pw_dir, homedir) != 0) {
1703 		pwd->pw_dir = homedir;
1704 		edited = true;
1705 		if (fstatat(conf.rootfd, pwd->pw_dir, &st, 0) == -1) {
1706 			if (!createhome)
1707 				warnx("WARNING: home `%s' does not exist",
1708 				    pwd->pw_dir);
1709 			else
1710 				docreatehome = true;
1711 		} else if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
1712 			warnx("WARNING: home `%s' is not a directory",
1713 			    pwd->pw_dir);
1714 		}
1715 	}
1716 
1717 	if (passwd && conf.fd == -1) {
1718 		lc = login_getpwclass(pwd);
1719 		if (lc == NULL || login_setcryptfmt(lc, "sha512", NULL) == NULL)
1720 			warn("setting crypt(3) format");
1721 		login_close(lc);
1722 		cnf->default_password = boolean_val(passwd,
1723 		    cnf->default_password);
1724 		pwd->pw_passwd = pw_password(cnf, pwd->pw_name, dryrun);
1725 		edited = true;
1726 	}
1727 
1728 	if (gecos && strcmp(pwd->pw_gecos, gecos) != 0) {
1729 		pwd->pw_gecos = gecos;
1730 		edited = true;
1731 	}
1732 
1733 	if (fd != -1)
1734 		edited = pw_set_passwd(pwd, fd, precrypted, true);
1735 
1736 	if (dryrun)
1737 		return (print_user(pwd, pretty, false));
1738 
1739 	if (edited) /* Only updated this if required */
1740 		perform_chgpwent(name, pwd, nis ? nispasswd : NULL);
1741 	/* Now perform the needed changes concern groups */
1742 	if (groups != NULL) {
1743 		/* Delete User from groups using old name */
1744 		SETGRENT();
1745 		while ((grp = GETGRENT()) != NULL) {
1746 			if (grp->gr_mem == NULL)
1747 				continue;
1748 			for (i = 0; grp->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
1749 				if (strcmp(grp->gr_mem[i] , name) != 0)
1750 					continue;
1751 				for (j = i; grp->gr_mem[j] != NULL ; j++)
1752 					grp->gr_mem[j] = grp->gr_mem[j+1];
1753 				chggrent(grp->gr_name, grp);
1754 				break;
1755 			}
1756 		}
1757 		ENDGRENT();
1758 		/* Add the user to the needed groups */
1759 		for (i = 0; i < groups->sl_cur; i++) {
1760 			grp = GETGRNAM(groups->sl_str[i]);
1761 			grp = gr_add(grp, pwd->pw_name);
1762 			if (grp == NULL)
1763 				continue;
1764 			chggrent(grp->gr_name, grp);
1765 			free(grp);
1766 		}
1767 	}
1768 	/* In case of rename we need to walk over the different groups */
1769 	if (newname) {
1770 		SETGRENT();
1771 		while ((grp = GETGRENT()) != NULL) {
1772 			if (grp->gr_mem == NULL)
1773 				continue;
1774 			for (i = 0; grp->gr_mem[i] != NULL; i++) {
1775 				if (strcmp(grp->gr_mem[i], name) != 0)
1776 					continue;
1777 				grp->gr_mem[i] = newname;
1778 				chggrent(grp->gr_name, grp);
1779 				break;
1780 			}
1781 		}
1782 	}
1783 
1784 	/* go get a current version of pwd */
1785 	if (newname)
1786 		name = newname;
1787 	pwd = GETPWNAM(name);
1788 	if (pwd == NULL)
1789 		errx(EX_NOUSER, "user '%s' disappeared during update", name);
1790 	grp = GETGRGID(pwd->pw_gid);
1791 	pw_log(cnf, M_UPDATE, W_USER, "%s(%ju):%s(%ju):%s:%s:%s",
1792 	    pwd->pw_name, (uintmax_t)pwd->pw_uid,
1793 	    grp ? grp->gr_name : "unknown",
1794 	    (uintmax_t)(grp ? grp->gr_gid : (uid_t)-1),
1795 	    pwd->pw_gecos, pwd->pw_dir, pwd->pw_shell);
1796 
1797 	/*
1798 	 * Let's create and populate the user's home directory. Note
1799 	 * that this also `works' for editing users if -m is used, but
1800 	 * existing files will *not* be overwritten.
1801 	 */
1802 	if (PWALTDIR() != PWF_ALT && docreatehome && pwd->pw_dir &&
1803 	    *pwd->pw_dir == '/' && pwd->pw_dir[1]) {
1804 		if (!skel)
1805 			skel = cnf->dotdir;
1806 		if (homemode == 0)
1807 			homemode = cnf->homemode;
1808 		create_and_populate_homedir(cnf, pwd, skel, homemode, true);
1809 	}
1810 
1811 	if (nis && nis_update() == 0)
1812 		pw_log(cnf, M_UPDATE, W_USER, "NIS maps updated");
1813 
1814 	return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
1815 }
1816