xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/newsyslog/newsyslog.conf.5 (revision 63a938566d524836885917d95bd491aa4400b181)
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24.Dd January 15, 2018
25.Dt NEWSYSLOG.CONF 5
26.Os
27.Sh NAME
28.Nm newsyslog.conf
29.Nd
30.Xr newsyslog 8
31configuration file
32.Sh DESCRIPTION
33The
34.Nm
35file is used to set log file rotation configuration for the
36.Xr newsyslog 8
37utility.
38Configuration may designate that logs are rotated based on
39size, last rotation time, or time of day.
40The
41.Nm
42file can also be used to designate secure permissions to log
43files at rotation time.
44During initialization,
45.Xr newsyslog 8
46reads a configuration file,
47normally
48.Pa /etc/newsyslog.conf ,
49to determine which logs may potentially be rotated and archived.
50Each line has five mandatory fields and four optional fields,
51separated with whitespace.
52Blank lines or lines beginning with
53.Ql #
54are ignored.
55If
56.Ql #
57is placed in the middle of the line, the
58.Ql #
59character and the rest of the line after it is ignored.
60To prevent special meaning, the
61.Ql #
62character may be escaped with
63.Ql \e ;
64in this case preceding
65.Ql \e
66is removed and
67.Ql #
68is treated as an ordinary character.
69The fields of the configuration file are as follows:
70.Bl -tag -width indent
71.It Ar logfile_name
72Name of the system log file to be archived,
73or one of the literal strings
74.Dq Aq Li default ,
75or
76.Dq Aq Li include .
77The special default entry will only be used if a log file
78name is given as a command line argument to
79.Xr newsyslog 8 ,
80and if that log file name is not matched by any other
81line in the configuration file.
82The include entry is used to include other configuration
83files and supports globbing.
84.It Ar owner : Ns Ar group
85This optional field specifies the owner and group for the archive file.
86The
87.Ql \&:
88is essential regardless if the
89.Ar owner
90or
91.Ar group
92field is left blank or contains a value.
93The field may be numeric, or a name which is present in
94.Pa /etc/passwd
95or
96.Pa /etc/group .
97.It Ar mode
98Specify the file mode of the log file and archives.
99.It Ar count
100Specify the maximum number of archive files which may exist.
101This does not consider the current log file.
102.It Ar size
103When the size of the log file reaches
104.Ar size
105in kilobytes, the log file will be trimmed as described above.
106If this field contains an asterisk
107.Pq Ql * ,
108the log file will not be trimmed based on size.
109.It Ar when
110The
111.Ar when
112field may consist of an interval, a specific time, or both.
113If the
114.Ar when
115field contains an asterisk
116.Pq Ql * ,
117log rotation will solely depend on the contents of the
118.Ar size
119field.
120Otherwise, the
121.Ar when
122field consists of an optional interval in hours, usually followed
123by an
124.So Li \&@ Sc Ns No -sign
125and a time in restricted
126.Tn ISO 8601
127format.
128Additionally, the format may also be constructed with a
129.Ql $
130sign along with a rotation time specification of once
131a day, once a week, or once a month.
132.Pp
133Time based trimming happens only if
134.Xr newsyslog 8
135is run within one hour of the specified time.
136If an interval is specified, the log file will be trimmed if that many
137hours have passed since the last rotation.
138When both a time and an interval are
139specified then both conditions must be satisfied for the rotation to
140take place.
141.Pp
142There is no provision for the specification of a timezone.
143There is little point in specifying an explicit minutes or
144seconds component in the current implementation, since the only comparison is
145.Dq within the hour .
146.Pp
147.Sy ISO 8601 restricted time format :
148.Pp
149The lead-in character for a restricted
150.Tn ISO 8601
151time is an
152.Ql @
153sign.
154The particular format of the time in restricted
155.Tn ISO 8601
156is:
157.Sm off
158.Oo Oo Oo Oo Oo
159.Va cc Oc
160.Va yy Oc
161.Va mm Oc
162.Va dd Oc
163.Oo
164.Li T Oo
165.Va hh Oo
166.Va mm Oo
167.Va ss
168.Oc Oc Oc Oc Oc .
169.Sm on
170Optional date fields default to the appropriate component of the
171current date; optional time fields default to midnight; hence if today
172is January 22, 1999, the following date specifications are all
173equivalent:
174.Pp
175.Bl -item -compact -offset indent
176.It
177.Sq Li 19990122T000000
178.It
179.Sq Li 990122T000000
180.It
181.Sq Li 0122T000000
182.It
183.Sq Li 22T000000
184.It
185.Sq Li T000000
186.It
187.Sq Li T0000
188.It
189.Sq Li T00
190.It
191.Sq Li 22T
192.It
193.Sq Li T
194.It
195.Sq Li \&
196.El
197.Pp
198.Sy Day, week, and month time format:
199.Pp
200The lead-in character for day, week, and month specification is a
201.Ql $
202sign.
203The particular format of day, week, and month specification is:
204.Op Li D Ns Va hh ,
205.Op Li W Ns Va w Ns Op Li D Ns Va hh ,
206and
207.Op Li M Ns Va dd Ns Op Li D Ns Va hh ,
208respectively.
209Optional time fields default to midnight.
210The ranges for day and hour specifications are:
211.Pp
212.Bl -tag -width indent -offset indent -compact
213.It Ar hh
214hours, range 0..23
215.It Ar w
216day of week, range 0..6, 0 = Sunday
217.It Ar dd
218day of month, range 1..31, or one of the letters
219.Ql L
220or
221.Ql l
222to specify the last day of the month.
223.El
224.Pp
225Some examples:
226.Pp
227.Bl -tag -width indent -offset indent -compact
228.It Li $D0
229rotate every night at midnight
230(same as
231.Li @T00 )
232.It Li $D23
233rotate every day at 23:00
234(same as
235.Li @T23 )
236.It Li $W0D23
237rotate every week on Sunday at 23:00
238.It Li $W5D16
239rotate every week on Friday at 16:00
240.It Li $M1D0
241rotate at the first day of every month at midnight
242(i.e., the start of the day; same as
243.Li @01T00 )
244.It Li $M5D6
245rotate on every fifth day of month at 6:00
246(same as
247.Li @05T06 )
248.El
249.It Ar flags
250This optional field is made up of one or more characters
251that specify any special processing to be done for the log
252files matched by this line.
253The following are valid flags:
254.Bl -tag -width indent
255.It Cm B
256indicates that the log file is a binary file, or has some
257special format.
258Usually
259.Xr newsyslog 8
260inserts an
261.Tn ASCII
262message into a log file during rotation.
263This message is used to indicate
264when, and sometimes why the log file was rotated.
265If
266.Cm B
267is specified, then that informational message will not be
268inserted into the log file.
269.It Cm C
270indicates that the log file should be created if it does not
271already exist, and if the
272.Fl C
273option was also specified on the command line.
274.It Cm D
275indicates that
276.Xr newsyslog 8
277should set the
278.Dv UF_NODUMP
279flag when creating a new version of
280this log file.
281This option would affect how the
282.Xr dump 8
283command treats the log file when making a file system backup.
284.It Cm G
285indicates that the specified
286.Ar logfile_name
287is a shell pattern, and that
288.Xr newsyslog 8
289should archive all filenames matching that pattern using the
290other options on this line.
291See
292.Xr glob 3
293for details on syntax and matching rules.
294.It Cm J
295indicates that
296.Xr newsyslog 8
297should attempt to save disk space by compressing the rotated
298log file using
299.Xr bzip2 1 .
300.It Cm N
301indicates that there is no process which needs to be signaled
302when this log file is rotated.
303.It Cm p
304indicates that the zero-th rotated file should not be compressed.
305.It Cm R
306if this flag is set the
307.Xr newsyslog 8
308will run shell command defined in
309.Ar path_to_pid_cmd_file
310after rotation instead of trying to send signal to a process id
311stored in the file.
312.It Cm T
313if this flag is set the informational rotation message written to
314the log file will be in the format specified by RFC5424.
315Normally, the rotation message is written in the traditional (RFC3164)
316syslog format.
317.It Cm U
318indicates that the file specified by
319.Ar path_to_pid_cmd_file
320will contain the ID for a process group instead of a process.
321This option also requires that the first line in that file
322be a negative value to distinguish it from a process ID.
323.It Cm X
324indicates that
325.Xr newsyslog 8
326should attempt to save disk space by compressing the rotated
327log file using
328.Xr xz 1 .
329.It Cm Y
330indicates that
331.Xr newsyslog 8
332should attempt to save disk space by compressing the rotated
333log file using
334.Xr zstd 1 .
335.It Cm Z
336indicates that
337.Xr newsyslog 8
338should attempt to save disk space by compressing the rotated
339log file using
340.Xr gzip 1 .
341.It Fl
342a minus sign will not cause any special processing, but it
343can be used as a placeholder to create a
344.Ar flags
345field when you need to specify any of the following fields.
346.El
347.It Ar path_to_pid_cmd_file
348This optional field specifies the file name containing a daemon's
349process ID or to find a group process ID if the
350.Cm U
351flag was specified.
352If this field is present, a
353.Ar signal
354is sent to the process ID contained in this file.
355If this field is not present and the
356.Cm N
357flag has not been specified, then a
358.Dv SIGHUP
359signal will be sent to
360.Xr syslogd 8
361or to the process id found in the file specified by
362.Xr newsyslog 8 Ns 's
363.Fl S
364switch.
365This field must start with
366.Ql /
367in order to be recognized properly.
368When used with the
369.Cm R
370flag, the file is treated as a path to a binary to be executed
371by the
372.Xr newsyslog 8
373after rotation instead of sending the signal out.
374.It Ar signal
375This optional field specifies the signal that will be sent to the daemon
376process (or to all processes in a process group, if the
377.Cm U
378flag was specified).
379If this field is not present, then a
380.Dv SIGHUP
381signal will be sent.
382Signal names
383must start with
384.Dq SIG
385and be the signal name, e.g.,
386.Dv SIGUSR1 .
387Alternatively,
388.Ar signal
389can be the signal number, e.g., 30 for
390.Dv SIGUSR1 .
391.El
392.Sh EXAMPLES
393The following is an example of the
394.Dq Aq Li include
395entry:
396.Dl "<include> /etc/newsyslog-local.conf"
397.Sh SEE ALSO
398.Xr bzip2 1 ,
399.Xr gzip 1 ,
400.Xr xz 1 ,
401.Xr syslog 3 ,
402.Xr chown 8 ,
403.Xr newsyslog 8 ,
404.Xr syslogd 8
405.Pp
406.Rs
407.%A C. Lonvick
408.%T The BSD syslog Protocol
409.%O RFC3164
410.Re
411.Rs
412.%A R. Gerhards
413.%T The Syslog Protocol
414.%O RFC5424
415.Re
416.Sh HISTORY
417This manual page first appeared in
418.Fx 4.10 .
419