1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)lpd.8 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 33.\" $FreeBSD$ 34.\" 35.Dd June 06, 2001 36.Dt LPD 8 37.Os 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm lpd 40.Nd line printer spooler daemon 41.Sh SYNOPSIS 42.Nm 43.Op Fl cdlpsW46 44.Op Ar port# 45.Sh DESCRIPTION 46.Nm Lpd 47is the line printer daemon (spool area handler) and is normally invoked 48at boot time from the 49.Xr rc 8 50file. It makes a single pass through the 51.Xr printcap 5 52file to find out about the existing printers and 53prints any files left after a crash. 54It then uses the system calls 55.Xr listen 2 56and 57.Xr accept 2 58to receive requests to print files in the queue, 59transfer files to the spooling area, display the queue, 60or remove jobs from the queue. In each case, it forks a child to handle 61the request so the parent can continue to listen for more requests. 62.Pp 63Available options: 64.Bl -tag -width Ds 65.It Fl c 66By default, if some remote host has a connection error while trying to 67send a print request to 68.Nm 69on a local host, 70.Nm 71will only send error message to that remote host. 72The 73.Fl c 74flag causes 75.Nm 76to also log all of those connection errors via 77.Xr syslog 3 . 78.It Fl d 79Turn on 80.Dv SO_DEBUG 81on the Internet listening socket (see 82.Xr setsockopt 2 ) . 83.It Fl l 84The 85.Fl l 86flag causes 87.Nm 88to log valid requests received from the network. 89This can be useful 90for debugging purposes. 91.It Fl p 92The 93.Fl p 94flag is a synonym for the 95.Fl s 96flag. 97It is being depreciated, and may be removed in a 98future version of 99.Nm . 100.It Fl s 101The 102.Fl s 103(secure) flag causes 104.Nm 105not to open an Internet listening socket. 106This means that 107.Nm 108will not accept any connections from any remote 109hosts, although it will still accept print requests 110from all local users. 111.It Fl W 112By default, the 113.Nm 114daemon will only accept connections which originate 115from a reserved-port (<1024) on the remote host. 116The 117.Fl W 118flag causes 119.Nm 120to accept connections coming from any port. 121This is can be useful when you want to accept print jobs 122from certain implementations of lpr written for Windows. 123.It Fl 4 124Inet only. 125.It Fl 6 126Inet6 only. 127.It Fl 46 128Inet and inet6 (default). 129.It Ar "port#" 130The Internet port number used to rendezvous 131with other processes is normally obtained with 132.Xr getservbyname 3 133but can be changed with the 134.Ar port# 135argument. 136.El 137.Pp 138Access control is provided by two means. 139First, all requests must come from 140one of the machines listed in the file 141.Pa /etc/hosts.equiv 142or 143.Pa /etc/hosts.lpd . 144Second, if the 145.Li rs 146capability is specified in the 147.Xr printcap 5 148entry for the printer being accessed, 149.Em lpr 150requests will only be honored for those users with accounts on the 151machine with the printer. 152.Pp 153The file 154.Em minfree 155in each spool directory contains the number of disk blocks to leave free 156so that the line printer queue won't completely fill the disk. 157The 158.Em minfree 159file can be edited with your favorite text editor. 160.Pp 161The daemon begins processing files 162after it has successfully set the lock for exclusive 163access (described a bit later), 164and scans the spool directory 165for files beginning with 166.Em cf . 167Lines in each 168.Em cf 169file specify files to be printed or non-printing actions to be 170performed. Each such line begins with a key character 171to specify what to do with the remainder of the line. 172.Bl -tag -width Ds 173.It J 174Job Name. String to be used for the job name on the burst page. 175.It C 176Classification. String to be used for the classification line 177on the burst page. 178.It L 179Literal. The line contains identification info from 180the password file and causes the banner page to be printed. 181.It T 182Title. String to be used as the title for 183.Xr pr 1 . 184.It H 185Host Name. Name of the machine where 186.Xr lpr 187was invoked. 188.It P 189Person. Login name of the person who invoked 190.Xr lpr . 191This is used to verify ownership by 192.Xr lprm . 193.It M 194Send mail to the specified user when the current print job completes. 195.It f 196Formatted File. Name of a file to print which is already formatted. 197.It l 198Like ``f'' but passes control characters and does not make page breaks. 199.It p 200Name of a file to print using 201.Xr pr 1 202as a filter. 203.It t 204Troff File. The file contains 205.Xr troff 1 206output (cat phototypesetter commands). 207.It n 208Ditroff File. The file contains device independent troff 209output. 210.It r 211DVI File. The file contains 212.Tn Tex l 213output 214DVI format from Standford. 215.It g 216Graph File. The file contains data produced by 217.Xr plot 3 . 218.It c 219Cifplot File. 220The file contains data produced by 221.Em cifplot . 222.It v 223The file contains a raster image. 224.It r 225The file contains text data with 226FORTRAN carriage control characters. 227.It \&1 228Troff Font R. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 229.It \&2 230Troff Font I. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 231.It \&3 232Troff Font B. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 233.It \&4 234Troff Font S. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 235.It W 236Width. 237Changes the page width (in characters) used by 238.Xr pr 1 239and the text filters. 240.It I 241Indent. The number of characters to indent the output by (in ASCII). 242.It U 243Unlink. Name of file to remove upon completion of printing. 244.It N 245File name. The name of the file which is being printed, or a blank 246for the standard input (when 247.Xr lpr 248is invoked in a pipeline). 249.It Z 250Locale. String to be used as the locale for 251.Xr pr 1 . 252.El 253.Pp 254If a file cannot be opened, a message will be logged via 255.Xr syslog 3 256using the 257.Em LOG_LPR 258facility. 259.Nm Lpd 260will try up to 20 times 261to reopen a file it expects to be there, after which it will 262skip the file to be printed. 263.Pp 264.Nm Lpd 265uses 266.Xr flock 2 267to provide exclusive access to the lock file and to prevent multiple 268daemons from becoming active simultaneously. If the daemon should be killed 269or die unexpectedly, the lock file need not be removed. 270The lock file is kept in a readable 271.Tn ASCII 272form 273and contains two lines. 274The first is the process id of the daemon and the second is the control 275file name of the current job being printed. The second line is updated to 276reflect the current status of 277.Nm 278for the programs 279.Xr lpq 1 280and 281.Xr lprm 1 . 282.Sh FILES 283.Bl -tag -width "/var/spool/*/minfree" -compact 284.It Pa /etc/printcap 285printer description file 286.It Pa /var/spool/* 287spool directories 288.It Pa /var/spool/*/minfree 289minimum free space to leave 290.It Pa /dev/lp* 291line printer devices 292.It Pa /var/run/printer 293socket for local requests 294.It Pa /etc/hosts.equiv 295lists machine names allowed printer access 296.It Pa /etc/hosts.lpd 297lists machine names allowed printer access, 298but not under same administrative control. 299.El 300.Sh SEE ALSO 301.Xr lpq 1 , 302.Xr lpr 1 , 303.Xr lprm 1 , 304.Xr setsockopt 2 , 305.Xr syslog 3 , 306.Xr hosts.lpd 5 , 307.Xr printcap 5 , 308.Xr chkprintcap 8 , 309.Xr lpc 8 , 310.Xr pac 8 311.Rs 312.%T "4.2 BSD Line Printer Spooler Manual" 313.Re 314.Sh HISTORY 315An 316.Nm 317daemon appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX. 318