1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)lpd.8 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 33.\" 34.Dd April 19, 1994 35.Dt LPD 8 36.Os BSD 4.2 37.Sh NAME 38.Nm lpd 39.Nd line printer spooler daemon 40.Sh SYNOPSIS 41.Nm lpd 42.Op Fl l 43.Op Ar port# 44.Sh DESCRIPTION 45.Nm Lpd 46is the line printer daemon (spool area handler) and is normally invoked 47at boot time from the 48.Xr rc 8 49file. It makes a single pass through the 50.Xr printcap 5 51file to find out about the existing printers and 52prints any files left after a crash. It then uses the system calls 53.Xr listen 2 54and 55.Xr accept 2 56to receive requests to print files in the queue, 57transfer files to the spooling area, display the queue, 58or remove jobs from the queue. In each case, it forks a child to handle 59the request so the parent can continue to listen for more requests. 60.Pp 61Available options: 62.Bl -tag -width Ds 63.It Fl l 64The 65.Fl l 66flag causes 67.Nm lpd 68to log valid requests received from the network. This can be useful 69for debugging purposes. 70.It Ar "port#" 71The Internet port number used to rendezvous 72with other processes is normally obtained with 73.Xr getservbyname 3 74but can be changed with the 75.Ar port# 76argument. 77.El 78.Pp 79Access control is provided by two means. First, all requests must come from 80one of the machines listed in the file 81.Pa /etc/hosts.equiv 82or 83.Pa /etc/hosts.lpd . 84Second, if the 85.Li rs 86capability is specified in the 87.Xr printcap 88entry for the printer being accessed, 89.Em lpr 90requests will only be honored for those users with accounts on the 91machine with the printer. 92.Pp 93The file 94.Em minfree 95in each spool directory contains the number of disk blocks to leave free 96so that the line printer queue won't completely fill the disk. 97The 98.Em minfree 99file can be edited with your favorite text editor. 100.Pp 101The daemon begins processing files 102after it has successfully set the lock for exclusive 103access (described a bit later), 104and scans the spool directory 105for files beginning with 106.Em cf . 107Lines in each 108.Em cf 109file specify files to be printed or non-printing actions to be 110performed. Each such line begins with a key character 111to specify what to do with the remainder of the line. 112.Bl -tag -width Ds 113.It J 114Job Name. String to be used for the job name on the burst page. 115.It C 116Classification. String to be used for the classification line 117on the burst page. 118.It L 119Literal. The line contains identification info from 120the password file and causes the banner page to be printed. 121.It T 122Title. String to be used as the title for 123.Xr pr 1 . 124.It H 125Host Name. Name of the machine where 126.Xr lpr 127was invoked. 128.It P 129Person. Login name of the person who invoked 130.Xr lpr . 131This is used to verify ownership by 132.Xr lprm . 133.It M 134Send mail to the specified user when the current print job completes. 135.It f 136Formatted File. Name of a file to print which is already formatted. 137.It l 138Like ``f'' but passes control characters and does not make page breaks. 139.It p 140Name of a file to print using 141.Xr pr 1 142as a filter. 143.It t 144Troff File. The file contains 145.Xr troff 1 146output (cat phototypesetter commands). 147.It n 148Ditroff File. The file contains device independent troff 149output. 150.It r 151DVI File. The file contains 152.Tn Tex l 153output 154DVI format from Standford. 155.It g 156Graph File. The file contains data produced by 157.Xr plot 3 . 158.It c 159Cifplot File. The file contains data produced by 160.Em cifplot . 161.It v 162The file contains a raster image. 163.It r 164The file contains text data with 165FORTRAN carriage control characters. 166.It \&1 167Troff Font R. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 168.It \&2 169Troff Font I. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 170.It \&3 171Troff Font B. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 172.It \&4 173Troff Font S. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 174.It W 175Width. Changes the page width (in characters) used by 176.Xr pr 1 177and the text filters. 178.It I 179Indent. The number of characters to indent the output by (in ascii). 180.It U 181Unlink. Name of file to remove upon completion of printing. 182.It N 183File name. The name of the file which is being printed, or a blank 184for the standard input (when 185.Xr lpr 186is invoked in a pipeline). 187.El 188.Pp 189If a file cannot be opened, a message will be logged via 190.Xr syslog 3 191using the 192.Em LOG_LPR 193facility. 194.Nm Lpd 195will try up to 20 times 196to reopen a file it expects to be there, after which it will 197skip the file to be printed. 198.Pp 199.Nm Lpd 200uses 201.Xr flock 2 202to provide exclusive access to the lock file and to prevent multiple 203daemons from becoming active simultaneously. If the daemon should be killed 204or die unexpectedly, the lock file need not be removed. 205The lock file is kept in a readable 206.Tn ASCII 207form 208and contains two lines. 209The first is the process id of the daemon and the second is the control 210file name of the current job being printed. The second line is updated to 211reflect the current status of 212.Nm lpd 213for the programs 214.Xr lpq 1 215and 216.Xr lprm 1 . 217.Sh FILES 218.Bl -tag -width "/var/spool/*/minfree" -compact 219.It Pa /etc/printcap 220printer description file 221.It Pa /var/spool/* 222spool directories 223.It Pa /var/spool/*/minfree 224minimum free space to leave 225.It Pa /dev/lp* 226line printer devices 227.It Pa /var/run/printer 228socket for local requests 229.It Pa /etc/hosts.equiv 230lists machine names allowed printer access 231.It Pa /etc/hosts.lpd 232lists machine names allowed printer access, 233but not under same administrative control. 234.El 235.Sh SEE ALSO 236.Xr lpr 1 , 237.Xr lpq 1 , 238.Xr lprm 1 , 239.Xr syslog 3 , 240.Xr hosts.lpd.5 , 241.Xr printcap 5 , 242.Xr lpc 8 , 243.Xr pac 8 244.Rs 245.%T "4.2 BSD Line Printer Spooler Manual" 246.Re 247.Sh HISTORY 248An 249.Nm 250daemon appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX. 251