1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)lpd.8 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 33.\" $FreeBSD$ 34.\" 35.Dd April 19, 1994 36.Dt LPD 8 37.Os BSD 4.2 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm lpd 40.Nd line printer spooler daemon 41.Sh SYNOPSIS 42.Nm lpd 43.Op Fl dl 44.Op Ar port# 45.Sh DESCRIPTION 46.Nm Lpd 47is the line printer daemon (spool area handler) and is normally invoked 48at boot time from the 49.Xr rc 8 50file. It makes a single pass through the 51.Xr printcap 5 52file to find out about the existing printers and 53prints any files left after a crash. It then uses the system calls 54.Xr listen 2 55and 56.Xr accept 2 57to receive requests to print files in the queue, 58transfer files to the spooling area, display the queue, 59or remove jobs from the queue. In each case, it forks a child to handle 60the request so the parent can continue to listen for more requests. 61.Pp 62Available options: 63.Bl -tag -width Ds 64.It Fl d 65Turn on 66.Dv SO_DEBUG 67on the Internet listening socket (see 68.Xr setsockopt 2 ) . 69.It Fl l 70The 71.Fl l 72flag causes 73.Nm 74to log valid requests received from the network. This can be useful 75for debugging purposes. 76.It Ar "port#" 77The Internet port number used to rendezvous 78with other processes is normally obtained with 79.Xr getservbyname 3 80but can be changed with the 81.Ar port# 82argument. 83.El 84.Pp 85Access control is provided by two means. First, all requests must come from 86one of the machines listed in the file 87.Pa /etc/hosts.equiv 88or 89.Pa /etc/hosts.lpd . 90Second, if the 91.Li rs 92capability is specified in the 93.Xr printcap 94entry for the printer being accessed, 95.Em lpr 96requests will only be honored for those users with accounts on the 97machine with the printer. 98.Pp 99The file 100.Em minfree 101in each spool directory contains the number of disk blocks to leave free 102so that the line printer queue won't completely fill the disk. 103The 104.Em minfree 105file can be edited with your favorite text editor. 106.Pp 107The daemon begins processing files 108after it has successfully set the lock for exclusive 109access (described a bit later), 110and scans the spool directory 111for files beginning with 112.Em cf . 113Lines in each 114.Em cf 115file specify files to be printed or non-printing actions to be 116performed. Each such line begins with a key character 117to specify what to do with the remainder of the line. 118.Bl -tag -width Ds 119.It J 120Job Name. String to be used for the job name on the burst page. 121.It C 122Classification. String to be used for the classification line 123on the burst page. 124.It L 125Literal. The line contains identification info from 126the password file and causes the banner page to be printed. 127.It T 128Title. String to be used as the title for 129.Xr pr 1 . 130.It H 131Host Name. Name of the machine where 132.Xr lpr 133was invoked. 134.It P 135Person. Login name of the person who invoked 136.Xr lpr . 137This is used to verify ownership by 138.Xr lprm . 139.It M 140Send mail to the specified user when the current print job completes. 141.It f 142Formatted File. Name of a file to print which is already formatted. 143.It l 144Like ``f'' but passes control characters and does not make page breaks. 145.It p 146Name of a file to print using 147.Xr pr 1 148as a filter. 149.It t 150Troff File. The file contains 151.Xr troff 1 152output (cat phototypesetter commands). 153.It n 154Ditroff File. The file contains device independent troff 155output. 156.It r 157DVI File. The file contains 158.Tn Tex l 159output 160DVI format from Standford. 161.It g 162Graph File. The file contains data produced by 163.Xr plot 3 . 164.It c 165Cifplot File. The file contains data produced by 166.Em cifplot . 167.It v 168The file contains a raster image. 169.It r 170The file contains text data with 171FORTRAN carriage control characters. 172.It \&1 173Troff Font R. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 174.It \&2 175Troff Font I. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 176.It \&3 177Troff Font B. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 178.It \&4 179Troff Font S. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 180.It W 181Width. Changes the page width (in characters) used by 182.Xr pr 1 183and the text filters. 184.It I 185Indent. The number of characters to indent the output by (in ASCII). 186.It U 187Unlink. Name of file to remove upon completion of printing. 188.It N 189File name. The name of the file which is being printed, or a blank 190for the standard input (when 191.Xr lpr 192is invoked in a pipeline). 193.It Z 194Locale. String to be used as the locale for 195.Xr pr 1 . 196.El 197.Pp 198If a file cannot be opened, a message will be logged via 199.Xr syslog 3 200using the 201.Em LOG_LPR 202facility. 203.Nm Lpd 204will try up to 20 times 205to reopen a file it expects to be there, after which it will 206skip the file to be printed. 207.Pp 208.Nm Lpd 209uses 210.Xr flock 2 211to provide exclusive access to the lock file and to prevent multiple 212daemons from becoming active simultaneously. If the daemon should be killed 213or die unexpectedly, the lock file need not be removed. 214The lock file is kept in a readable 215.Tn ASCII 216form 217and contains two lines. 218The first is the process id of the daemon and the second is the control 219file name of the current job being printed. The second line is updated to 220reflect the current status of 221.Nm 222for the programs 223.Xr lpq 1 224and 225.Xr lprm 1 . 226.Sh FILES 227.Bl -tag -width "/var/spool/*/minfree" -compact 228.It Pa /etc/printcap 229printer description file 230.It Pa /var/spool/* 231spool directories 232.It Pa /var/spool/*/minfree 233minimum free space to leave 234.It Pa /dev/lp* 235line printer devices 236.It Pa /var/run/printer 237socket for local requests 238.It Pa /etc/hosts.equiv 239lists machine names allowed printer access 240.It Pa /etc/hosts.lpd 241lists machine names allowed printer access, 242but not under same administrative control. 243.El 244.Sh SEE ALSO 245.Xr lpq 1 , 246.Xr lpr 1 , 247.Xr lprm 1 , 248.Xr setsockopt 2 , 249.Xr syslog 3 , 250.Xr hosts.lpd 5 , 251.Xr printcap 5 , 252.Xr lpc 8 , 253.Xr pac 8 254.Rs 255.%T "4.2 BSD Line Printer Spooler Manual" 256.Re 257.Sh HISTORY 258An 259.Nm 260daemon appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX. 261