1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)lpd.8 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 33.\" $FreeBSD$ 34.\" 35.Dd April 19, 1994 36.Dt LPD 8 37.Os BSD 4.2 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm lpd 40.Nd line printer spooler daemon 41.Sh SYNOPSIS 42.Nm 43.Op Fl dlp 44.Op Ar port# 45.Sh DESCRIPTION 46.Nm Lpd 47is the line printer daemon (spool area handler) and is normally invoked 48at boot time from the 49.Xr rc 8 50file. It makes a single pass through the 51.Xr printcap 5 52file to find out about the existing printers and 53prints any files left after a crash. 54It then uses the system calls 55.Xr listen 2 56and 57.Xr accept 2 58to receive requests to print files in the queue, 59transfer files to the spooling area, display the queue, 60or remove jobs from the queue. In each case, it forks a child to handle 61the request so the parent can continue to listen for more requests. 62.Pp 63Available options: 64.Bl -tag -width Ds 65.It Fl d 66Turn on 67.Dv SO_DEBUG 68on the Internet listening socket (see 69.Xr setsockopt 2 ) . 70.It Fl l 71The 72.Fl l 73flag causes 74.Nm 75to log valid requests received from the network. 76This can be useful 77for debugging purposes. 78.It Fl p 79The 80.Fl p 81flag causes 82.Nm 83not to open an Internet listening socket. 84.It Ar "port#" 85The Internet port number used to rendezvous 86with other processes is normally obtained with 87.Xr getservbyname 3 88but can be changed with the 89.Ar port# 90argument. 91.El 92.Pp 93Access control is provided by two means. 94First, all requests must come from 95one of the machines listed in the file 96.Pa /etc/hosts.equiv 97or 98.Pa /etc/hosts.lpd . 99Second, if the 100.Li rs 101capability is specified in the 102.Xr printcap 103entry for the printer being accessed, 104.Em lpr 105requests will only be honored for those users with accounts on the 106machine with the printer. 107.Pp 108The file 109.Em minfree 110in each spool directory contains the number of disk blocks to leave free 111so that the line printer queue won't completely fill the disk. 112The 113.Em minfree 114file can be edited with your favorite text editor. 115.Pp 116The daemon begins processing files 117after it has successfully set the lock for exclusive 118access (described a bit later), 119and scans the spool directory 120for files beginning with 121.Em cf . 122Lines in each 123.Em cf 124file specify files to be printed or non-printing actions to be 125performed. Each such line begins with a key character 126to specify what to do with the remainder of the line. 127.Bl -tag -width Ds 128.It J 129Job Name. String to be used for the job name on the burst page. 130.It C 131Classification. String to be used for the classification line 132on the burst page. 133.It L 134Literal. The line contains identification info from 135the password file and causes the banner page to be printed. 136.It T 137Title. String to be used as the title for 138.Xr pr 1 . 139.It H 140Host Name. Name of the machine where 141.Xr lpr 142was invoked. 143.It P 144Person. Login name of the person who invoked 145.Xr lpr . 146This is used to verify ownership by 147.Xr lprm . 148.It M 149Send mail to the specified user when the current print job completes. 150.It f 151Formatted File. Name of a file to print which is already formatted. 152.It l 153Like ``f'' but passes control characters and does not make page breaks. 154.It p 155Name of a file to print using 156.Xr pr 1 157as a filter. 158.It t 159Troff File. The file contains 160.Xr troff 1 161output (cat phototypesetter commands). 162.It n 163Ditroff File. The file contains device independent troff 164output. 165.It r 166DVI File. The file contains 167.Tn Tex l 168output 169DVI format from Standford. 170.It g 171Graph File. The file contains data produced by 172.Xr plot 3 . 173.It c 174Cifplot File. 175The file contains data produced by 176.Em cifplot . 177.It v 178The file contains a raster image. 179.It r 180The file contains text data with 181FORTRAN carriage control characters. 182.It \&1 183Troff Font R. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 184.It \&2 185Troff Font I. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 186.It \&3 187Troff Font B. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 188.It \&4 189Troff Font S. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 190.It W 191Width. 192Changes the page width (in characters) used by 193.Xr pr 1 194and the text filters. 195.It I 196Indent. The number of characters to indent the output by (in ASCII). 197.It U 198Unlink. Name of file to remove upon completion of printing. 199.It N 200File name. The name of the file which is being printed, or a blank 201for the standard input (when 202.Xr lpr 203is invoked in a pipeline). 204.It Z 205Locale. String to be used as the locale for 206.Xr pr 1 . 207.El 208.Pp 209If a file cannot be opened, a message will be logged via 210.Xr syslog 3 211using the 212.Em LOG_LPR 213facility. 214.Nm Lpd 215will try up to 20 times 216to reopen a file it expects to be there, after which it will 217skip the file to be printed. 218.Pp 219.Nm Lpd 220uses 221.Xr flock 2 222to provide exclusive access to the lock file and to prevent multiple 223daemons from becoming active simultaneously. If the daemon should be killed 224or die unexpectedly, the lock file need not be removed. 225The lock file is kept in a readable 226.Tn ASCII 227form 228and contains two lines. 229The first is the process id of the daemon and the second is the control 230file name of the current job being printed. The second line is updated to 231reflect the current status of 232.Nm 233for the programs 234.Xr lpq 1 235and 236.Xr lprm 1 . 237.Sh FILES 238.Bl -tag -width "/var/spool/*/minfree" -compact 239.It Pa /etc/printcap 240printer description file 241.It Pa /var/spool/* 242spool directories 243.It Pa /var/spool/*/minfree 244minimum free space to leave 245.It Pa /dev/lp* 246line printer devices 247.It Pa /var/run/printer 248socket for local requests 249.It Pa /etc/hosts.equiv 250lists machine names allowed printer access 251.It Pa /etc/hosts.lpd 252lists machine names allowed printer access, 253but not under same administrative control. 254.El 255.Sh SEE ALSO 256.Xr lpq 1 , 257.Xr lpr 1 , 258.Xr lprm 1 , 259.Xr setsockopt 2 , 260.Xr syslog 3 , 261.Xr hosts.lpd 5 , 262.Xr printcap 5 , 263.Xr lpc 8 , 264.Xr pac 8 265.Rs 266.%T "4.2 BSD Line Printer Spooler Manual" 267.Re 268.Sh HISTORY 269An 270.Nm 271daemon appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX. 272