1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)lpd.8 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 33.\" $FreeBSD$ 34.\" 35.Dd June 06, 2001 36.Dt LPD 8 37.Os 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm lpd 40.Nd line printer spooler daemon 41.Sh SYNOPSIS 42.Nm 43.Op Fl cdlpsW46 44.Op Ar port# 45.Sh DESCRIPTION 46The 47.Nm 48utility 49is the line printer daemon (spool area handler) and is normally invoked 50at boot time from the 51.Xr rc 8 52file. It makes a single pass through the 53.Xr printcap 5 54file to find out about the existing printers and 55prints any files left after a crash. 56It then uses the system calls 57.Xr listen 2 58and 59.Xr accept 2 60to receive requests to print files in the queue, 61transfer files to the spooling area, display the queue, 62or remove jobs from the queue. In each case, it forks a child to handle 63the request so the parent can continue to listen for more requests. 64.Pp 65Available options: 66.Bl -tag -width Ds 67.It Fl c 68By default, if some remote host has a connection error while trying to 69send a print request to 70.Nm 71on a local host, 72.Nm 73will only send error message to that remote host. 74The 75.Fl c 76flag causes 77.Nm 78to also log all of those connection errors via 79.Xr syslog 3 . 80.It Fl d 81Turn on 82.Dv SO_DEBUG 83on the Internet listening socket (see 84.Xr setsockopt 2 ) . 85.It Fl l 86The 87.Fl l 88flag causes 89.Nm 90to log valid requests received from the network. 91This can be useful 92for debugging purposes. 93.It Fl p 94The 95.Fl p 96flag is a synonym for the 97.Fl s 98flag. 99It is being deprecated, and may be removed in a 100future version of 101.Nm . 102.It Fl s 103The 104.Fl s 105(secure) flag causes 106.Nm 107not to open an Internet listening socket. 108This means that 109.Nm 110will not accept any connections from any remote 111hosts, although it will still accept print requests 112from all local users. 113.It Fl W 114By default, the 115.Nm 116daemon will only accept connections which originate 117from a reserved-port (<1024) on the remote host. 118The 119.Fl W 120flag causes 121.Nm 122to accept connections coming from any port. 123This is can be useful when you want to accept print jobs 124from certain implementations of lpr written for Windows. 125.It Fl 4 126Inet only. 127.It Fl 6 128Inet6 only. 129.It Fl 46 130Inet and inet6 (default). 131.It Ar "port#" 132The Internet port number used to rendezvous 133with other processes is normally obtained with 134.Xr getservbyname 3 135but can be changed with the 136.Ar port# 137argument. 138.El 139.Pp 140Access control is provided by two means. 141First, all requests must come from 142one of the machines listed in the file 143.Pa /etc/hosts.equiv 144or 145.Pa /etc/hosts.lpd . 146Second, if the 147.Li rs 148capability is specified in the 149.Xr printcap 5 150entry for the printer being accessed, 151.Em lpr 152requests will only be honored for those users with accounts on the 153machine with the printer. 154.Pp 155The file 156.Em minfree 157in each spool directory contains the number of disk blocks to leave free 158so that the line printer queue won't completely fill the disk. 159The 160.Em minfree 161file can be edited with your favorite text editor. 162.Pp 163The daemon begins processing files 164after it has successfully set the lock for exclusive 165access (described a bit later), 166and scans the spool directory 167for files beginning with 168.Em cf . 169Lines in each 170.Em cf 171file specify files to be printed or non-printing actions to be 172performed. Each such line begins with a key character 173to specify what to do with the remainder of the line. 174.Bl -tag -width Ds 175.It J 176Job Name. String to be used for the job name on the burst page. 177.It C 178Classification. String to be used for the classification line 179on the burst page. 180.It L 181Literal. The line contains identification info from 182the password file and causes the banner page to be printed. 183.It T 184Title. String to be used as the title for 185.Xr pr 1 . 186.It H 187Host Name. Name of the machine where 188.Xr lpr 189was invoked. 190.It P 191Person. Login name of the person who invoked 192.Xr lpr . 193This is used to verify ownership by 194.Xr lprm . 195.It M 196Send mail to the specified user when the current print job completes. 197.It f 198Formatted File. Name of a file to print which is already formatted. 199.It l 200Like ``f'' but passes control characters and does not make page breaks. 201.It p 202Name of a file to print using 203.Xr pr 1 204as a filter. 205.It t 206Troff File. The file contains 207.Xr troff 1 208output (cat phototypesetter commands). 209.It n 210Ditroff File. The file contains device independent troff 211output. 212.It r 213DVI File. The file contains 214.Tn Tex l 215output 216DVI format from Stanford. 217.It g 218Graph File. The file contains data produced by 219.Xr plot 3 . 220.It c 221Cifplot File. 222The file contains data produced by 223.Em cifplot . 224.It v 225The file contains a raster image. 226.It r 227The file contains text data with 228FORTRAN carriage control characters. 229.It \&1 230Troff Font R. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 231.It \&2 232Troff Font I. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 233.It \&3 234Troff Font B. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 235.It \&4 236Troff Font S. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 237.It W 238Width. 239Changes the page width (in characters) used by 240.Xr pr 1 241and the text filters. 242.It I 243Indent. The number of characters to indent the output by (in ASCII). 244.It U 245Unlink. Name of file to remove upon completion of printing. 246.It N 247File name. The name of the file which is being printed, or a blank 248for the standard input (when 249.Xr lpr 250is invoked in a pipeline). 251.It Z 252Locale. String to be used as the locale for 253.Xr pr 1 . 254.El 255.Pp 256If a file cannot be opened, a message will be logged via 257.Xr syslog 3 258using the 259.Em LOG_LPR 260facility. 261The 262.Nm 263utility will try up to 20 times 264to reopen a file it expects to be there, after which it will 265skip the file to be printed. 266.Pp 267The 268.Nm 269utility uses 270.Xr flock 2 271to provide exclusive access to the lock file and to prevent multiple 272daemons from becoming active simultaneously. If the daemon should be killed 273or die unexpectedly, the lock file need not be removed. 274The lock file is kept in a readable 275.Tn ASCII 276form 277and contains two lines. 278The first is the process id of the daemon and the second is the control 279file name of the current job being printed. The second line is updated to 280reflect the current status of 281.Nm 282for the programs 283.Xr lpq 1 284and 285.Xr lprm 1 . 286.Sh FILES 287.Bl -tag -width "/var/spool/*/minfree" -compact 288.It Pa /etc/printcap 289printer description file 290.It Pa /var/spool/* 291spool directories 292.It Pa /var/spool/*/minfree 293minimum free space to leave 294.It Pa /dev/lp* 295line printer devices 296.It Pa /var/run/printer 297socket for local requests 298.It Pa /etc/hosts.equiv 299lists machine names allowed printer access 300.It Pa /etc/hosts.lpd 301lists machine names allowed printer access, 302but not under same administrative control. 303.El 304.Sh SEE ALSO 305.Xr lpq 1 , 306.Xr lpr 1 , 307.Xr lprm 1 , 308.Xr setsockopt 2 , 309.Xr syslog 3 , 310.Xr hosts.lpd 5 , 311.Xr printcap 5 , 312.Xr chkprintcap 8 , 313.Xr lpc 8 , 314.Xr pac 8 315.Rs 316.%T "4.2 BSD Line Printer Spooler Manual" 317.Re 318.Sh HISTORY 319An 320.Nm 321daemon appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX. 322