1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 13.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 14.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 15.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 16.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 17.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 18.\" without specific prior written permission. 19.\" 20.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 21.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 22.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 23.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 24.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 25.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 26.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 27.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 28.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 29.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 30.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 31.\" 32.\" @(#)lpd.8 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 33.\" $FreeBSD$ 34.\" 35.Dd June 06, 2001 36.Dt LPD 8 37.Os 38.Sh NAME 39.Nm lpd 40.Nd line printer spooler daemon 41.Sh SYNOPSIS 42.Nm 43.Op Fl cdlpW46 44.Op Ar port# 45.Sh DESCRIPTION 46.Nm Lpd 47is the line printer daemon (spool area handler) and is normally invoked 48at boot time from the 49.Xr rc 8 50file. It makes a single pass through the 51.Xr printcap 5 52file to find out about the existing printers and 53prints any files left after a crash. 54It then uses the system calls 55.Xr listen 2 56and 57.Xr accept 2 58to receive requests to print files in the queue, 59transfer files to the spooling area, display the queue, 60or remove jobs from the queue. In each case, it forks a child to handle 61the request so the parent can continue to listen for more requests. 62.Pp 63Available options: 64.Bl -tag -width Ds 65.It Fl c 66By default, if some remote host has a connection error while trying to 67send a print request to 68.Nm 69on a local host, 70.Nm 71will only send error message to that remote host. 72The 73.Fl c 74flag causes 75.Nm 76to also log all of those connection errors via 77.Xr syslog 3 . 78.It Fl d 79Turn on 80.Dv SO_DEBUG 81on the Internet listening socket (see 82.Xr setsockopt 2 ) . 83.It Fl l 84The 85.Fl l 86flag causes 87.Nm 88to log valid requests received from the network. 89This can be useful 90for debugging purposes. 91.It Fl p 92The 93.Fl p 94flag causes 95.Nm 96not to open an Internet listening socket. 97This means that 98.Nm 99will not accept any connections from any remote 100hosts, although it will still accept print requests 101from all local users. 102.It Fl W 103By default, the 104.Nm 105daemon will only accept connections which originate 106from a reserved-port (<1024) on the remote host. 107The 108.Fl W 109flag causes 110.Nm 111to accept connections coming from any port. 112This is can be useful when you want to accept print jobs 113from certain implementations of lpr written for Windows. 114.It Fl 4 115Inet only. 116.It Fl 6 117Inet6 only. 118.It Fl 46 119Inet and inet6 (default). 120.It Ar "port#" 121The Internet port number used to rendezvous 122with other processes is normally obtained with 123.Xr getservbyname 3 124but can be changed with the 125.Ar port# 126argument. 127.El 128.Pp 129Access control is provided by two means. 130First, all requests must come from 131one of the machines listed in the file 132.Pa /etc/hosts.equiv 133or 134.Pa /etc/hosts.lpd . 135Second, if the 136.Li rs 137capability is specified in the 138.Xr printcap 5 139entry for the printer being accessed, 140.Em lpr 141requests will only be honored for those users with accounts on the 142machine with the printer. 143.Pp 144The file 145.Em minfree 146in each spool directory contains the number of disk blocks to leave free 147so that the line printer queue won't completely fill the disk. 148The 149.Em minfree 150file can be edited with your favorite text editor. 151.Pp 152The daemon begins processing files 153after it has successfully set the lock for exclusive 154access (described a bit later), 155and scans the spool directory 156for files beginning with 157.Em cf . 158Lines in each 159.Em cf 160file specify files to be printed or non-printing actions to be 161performed. Each such line begins with a key character 162to specify what to do with the remainder of the line. 163.Bl -tag -width Ds 164.It J 165Job Name. String to be used for the job name on the burst page. 166.It C 167Classification. String to be used for the classification line 168on the burst page. 169.It L 170Literal. The line contains identification info from 171the password file and causes the banner page to be printed. 172.It T 173Title. String to be used as the title for 174.Xr pr 1 . 175.It H 176Host Name. Name of the machine where 177.Xr lpr 178was invoked. 179.It P 180Person. Login name of the person who invoked 181.Xr lpr . 182This is used to verify ownership by 183.Xr lprm . 184.It M 185Send mail to the specified user when the current print job completes. 186.It f 187Formatted File. Name of a file to print which is already formatted. 188.It l 189Like ``f'' but passes control characters and does not make page breaks. 190.It p 191Name of a file to print using 192.Xr pr 1 193as a filter. 194.It t 195Troff File. The file contains 196.Xr troff 1 197output (cat phototypesetter commands). 198.It n 199Ditroff File. The file contains device independent troff 200output. 201.It r 202DVI File. The file contains 203.Tn Tex l 204output 205DVI format from Standford. 206.It g 207Graph File. The file contains data produced by 208.Xr plot 3 . 209.It c 210Cifplot File. 211The file contains data produced by 212.Em cifplot . 213.It v 214The file contains a raster image. 215.It r 216The file contains text data with 217FORTRAN carriage control characters. 218.It \&1 219Troff Font R. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 220.It \&2 221Troff Font I. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 222.It \&3 223Troff Font B. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 224.It \&4 225Troff Font S. Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 226.It W 227Width. 228Changes the page width (in characters) used by 229.Xr pr 1 230and the text filters. 231.It I 232Indent. The number of characters to indent the output by (in ASCII). 233.It U 234Unlink. Name of file to remove upon completion of printing. 235.It N 236File name. The name of the file which is being printed, or a blank 237for the standard input (when 238.Xr lpr 239is invoked in a pipeline). 240.It Z 241Locale. String to be used as the locale for 242.Xr pr 1 . 243.El 244.Pp 245If a file cannot be opened, a message will be logged via 246.Xr syslog 3 247using the 248.Em LOG_LPR 249facility. 250.Nm Lpd 251will try up to 20 times 252to reopen a file it expects to be there, after which it will 253skip the file to be printed. 254.Pp 255.Nm Lpd 256uses 257.Xr flock 2 258to provide exclusive access to the lock file and to prevent multiple 259daemons from becoming active simultaneously. If the daemon should be killed 260or die unexpectedly, the lock file need not be removed. 261The lock file is kept in a readable 262.Tn ASCII 263form 264and contains two lines. 265The first is the process id of the daemon and the second is the control 266file name of the current job being printed. The second line is updated to 267reflect the current status of 268.Nm 269for the programs 270.Xr lpq 1 271and 272.Xr lprm 1 . 273.Sh FILES 274.Bl -tag -width "/var/spool/*/minfree" -compact 275.It Pa /etc/printcap 276printer description file 277.It Pa /var/spool/* 278spool directories 279.It Pa /var/spool/*/minfree 280minimum free space to leave 281.It Pa /dev/lp* 282line printer devices 283.It Pa /var/run/printer 284socket for local requests 285.It Pa /etc/hosts.equiv 286lists machine names allowed printer access 287.It Pa /etc/hosts.lpd 288lists machine names allowed printer access, 289but not under same administrative control. 290.El 291.Sh SEE ALSO 292.Xr lpq 1 , 293.Xr lpr 1 , 294.Xr lprm 1 , 295.Xr setsockopt 2 , 296.Xr syslog 3 , 297.Xr hosts.lpd 5 , 298.Xr printcap 5 , 299.Xr lpc 8 , 300.Xr pac 8 301.Rs 302.%T "4.2 BSD Line Printer Spooler Manual" 303.Re 304.Sh HISTORY 305An 306.Nm 307daemon appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX. 308