1.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 2.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 3.\" 4.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 5.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 6.\" are met: 7.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 8.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 9.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 11.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 12.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 13.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 14.\" without specific prior written permission. 15.\" 16.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 17.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 18.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 19.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 20.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 21.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 22.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 23.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 24.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 25.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 26.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 27.\" 28.\" @(#)lpd.8 8.3 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 29.\" $FreeBSD$ 30.\" 31.Dd June 6, 2001 32.Dt LPD 8 33.Os 34.Sh NAME 35.Nm lpd 36.Nd line printer spooler daemon 37.Sh SYNOPSIS 38.Nm 39.Op Fl cdlpsW46 40.Op Ar port# 41.Sh DESCRIPTION 42The 43.Nm 44utility 45is the line printer daemon (spool area handler) and is normally invoked 46at boot time from the 47.Xr rc 8 48file. 49It makes a single pass through the 50.Xr printcap 5 51file to find out about the existing printers and 52prints any files left after a crash. 53It then uses the system calls 54.Xr listen 2 55and 56.Xr accept 2 57to receive requests to print files in the queue, 58transfer files to the spooling area, display the queue, 59or remove jobs from the queue. 60In each case, it forks a child to handle 61the request so the parent can continue to listen for more requests. 62.Pp 63Available options: 64.Bl -tag -width Ds 65.It Fl c 66By default, if some remote host has a connection error while trying to 67send a print request to 68.Nm 69on a local host, 70.Nm 71will only send error message to that remote host. 72The 73.Fl c 74flag causes 75.Nm 76to also log all of those connection errors via 77.Xr syslog 3 . 78.It Fl d 79Turn on 80.Dv SO_DEBUG 81on the Internet listening socket (see 82.Xr setsockopt 2 ) . 83.It Fl l 84The 85.Fl l 86flag causes 87.Nm 88to log valid requests received from the network. 89This can be useful 90for debugging purposes. 91.It Fl p 92The 93.Fl p 94flag is a synonym for the 95.Fl s 96flag. 97It is being deprecated, and may be removed in a 98future version of 99.Nm . 100.It Fl s 101The 102.Fl s 103(secure) flag causes 104.Nm 105not to open an Internet listening socket. 106This means that 107.Nm 108will not accept any connections from any remote 109hosts, although it will still accept print requests 110from all local users. 111.It Fl W 112By default, the 113.Nm 114daemon will only accept connections which originate 115from a reserved-port (<1024) on the remote host. 116The 117.Fl W 118flag causes 119.Nm 120to accept connections coming from any port. 121This is can be useful when you want to accept print jobs 122from certain implementations of lpr written for Windows. 123.It Fl 4 124Inet only. 125.It Fl 6 126Inet6 only. 127.It Fl 46 128Inet and inet6 (default). 129.It Ar "port#" 130The Internet port number used to rendezvous 131with other processes is normally obtained with 132.Xr getservbyname 3 133but can be changed with the 134.Ar port# 135argument. 136.El 137.Pp 138Access control is provided by two means. 139First, all requests must come from 140one of the machines listed in the file 141.Pa /etc/hosts.equiv 142or 143.Pa /etc/hosts.lpd . 144Second, if the 145.Li rs 146capability is specified in the 147.Xr printcap 5 148entry for the printer being accessed, 149.Em lpr 150requests will only be honored for those users with accounts on the 151machine with the printer. 152.Pp 153The file 154.Em minfree 155in each spool directory contains the number of kilobytes to leave free 156so that the line printer queue will not completely fill the disk. 157The 158.Em minfree 159file can be edited with your favorite text editor. 160.Pp 161The daemon begins processing files 162after it has successfully set the lock for exclusive 163access (described a bit later), 164and scans the spool directory 165for files beginning with 166.Em cf . 167Lines in each 168.Em cf 169file specify files to be printed or non-printing actions to be 170performed. 171Each such line begins with a key character 172to specify what to do with the remainder of the line. 173.Bl -tag -width Ds 174.It J 175Job Name. 176String to be used for the job name on the burst page. 177.It C 178Classification. 179String to be used for the classification line 180on the burst page. 181.It L 182Literal. 183The line contains identification info from 184the password file and causes the banner page to be printed. 185.It T 186Title. 187String to be used as the title for 188.Xr pr 1 . 189.It H 190Host Name. 191Name of the machine where 192.Xr lpr 1 193was invoked. 194.It P 195Person. 196Login name of the person who invoked 197.Xr lpr 1 . 198This is used to verify ownership by 199.Xr lprm 1 . 200.It M 201Send mail to the specified user when the current print job completes. 202.It f 203Formatted File. 204Name of a file to print which is already formatted. 205.It l 206Like ``f'' but passes control characters and does not make page breaks. 207.It p 208Name of a file to print using 209.Xr pr 1 210as a filter. 211.It t 212Troff File. 213The file contains 214.Xr troff 1 215output (cat phototypesetter commands). 216.It n 217Ditroff File. 218The file contains device independent troff 219output. 220.It r 221DVI File. 222The file contains 223.Tn Tex l 224output 225DVI format from Stanford. 226.It g 227Graph File. 228The file contains data produced by 229.Xr plot 3 . 230.It c 231Cifplot File. 232The file contains data produced by 233.Em cifplot . 234.It v 235The file contains a raster image. 236.It r 237The file contains text data with 238FORTRAN carriage control characters. 239.It \&1 240Troff Font R. 241Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 242.It \&2 243Troff Font I. 244Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 245.It \&3 246Troff Font B. 247Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 248.It \&4 249Troff Font S. 250Name of the font file to use instead of the default. 251.It W 252Width. 253Changes the page width (in characters) used by 254.Xr pr 1 255and the text filters. 256.It I 257Indent. 258The number of characters to indent the output by (in ASCII). 259.It U 260Unlink. 261Name of file to remove upon completion of printing. 262.It N 263File name. 264The name of the file which is being printed, or a blank 265for the standard input (when 266.Xr lpr 1 267is invoked in a pipeline). 268.It Z 269Locale. 270String to be used as the locale for 271.Xr pr 1 . 272.El 273.Pp 274If a file cannot be opened, a message will be logged via 275.Xr syslog 3 276using the 277.Em LOG_LPR 278facility. 279The 280.Nm 281utility will try up to 20 times 282to reopen a file it expects to be there, after which it will 283skip the file to be printed. 284.Pp 285The 286.Nm 287utility uses 288.Xr flock 2 289to provide exclusive access to the lock file and to prevent multiple 290daemons from becoming active simultaneously. 291If the daemon should be killed 292or die unexpectedly, the lock file need not be removed. 293The lock file is kept in a readable 294.Tn ASCII 295form 296and contains two lines. 297The first is the process id of the daemon and the second is the control 298file name of the current job being printed. 299The second line is updated to 300reflect the current status of 301.Nm 302for the programs 303.Xr lpq 1 304and 305.Xr lprm 1 . 306.Sh FILES 307.Bl -tag -width "/var/spool/*/minfree" -compact 308.It Pa /etc/printcap 309printer description file 310.It Pa /var/spool/* 311spool directories 312.It Pa /var/spool/*/minfree 313minimum free space to leave 314.It Pa /dev/lp* 315line printer devices 316.It Pa /var/run/printer 317socket for local requests 318.It Pa /etc/hosts.equiv 319lists machine names allowed printer access 320.It Pa /etc/hosts.lpd 321lists machine names allowed printer access, 322but not under same administrative control. 323.El 324.Sh SEE ALSO 325.Xr lpq 1 , 326.Xr lpr 1 , 327.Xr lprm 1 , 328.Xr setsockopt 2 , 329.Xr syslog 3 , 330.Xr hosts.lpd 5 , 331.Xr printcap 5 , 332.Xr chkprintcap 8 , 333.Xr lpc 8 , 334.Xr pac 8 335.Rs 336.%T "4.2 BSD Line Printer Spooler Manual" 337.Re 338.Sh HISTORY 339An 340.Nm 341daemon appeared in Version 6 AT&T UNIX. 342