xref: /freebsd/usr.sbin/jail/jail.c (revision cdebaff820b2a4915a16cedfd511823d78aab171)
1 /*-
2  * Copyright (c) 1999 Poul-Henning Kamp.
3  * Copyright (c) 2009-2012 James Gritton
4  * All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
16  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
18  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
19  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
20  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
21  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
22  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
23  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
24  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
25  * SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 
28 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
29 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
30 
31 #include <sys/types.h>
32 #include <sys/stat.h>
33 #include <sys/socket.h>
34 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
35 
36 #include <arpa/inet.h>
37 #include <netinet/in.h>
38 
39 #include <err.h>
40 #include <errno.h>
41 #include <stdarg.h>
42 #include <stdio.h>
43 #include <stdlib.h>
44 #include <string.h>
45 #include <unistd.h>
46 
47 #include "jailp.h"
48 
49 #define JP_RDTUN(jp)	(((jp)->jp_ctltype & CTLFLAG_RDTUN) == CTLFLAG_RDTUN)
50 
51 struct permspec {
52 	const char	*name;
53 	enum intparam	ipnum;
54 	int		rev;
55 };
56 
57 const char *cfname;
58 int iflag;
59 int note_remove;
60 int verbose;
61 
62 static void clear_persist(struct cfjail *j);
63 static int update_jail(struct cfjail *j);
64 static int rdtun_params(struct cfjail *j, int dofail);
65 static void running_jid(struct cfjail *j, int dflag);
66 static void jail_quoted_warnx(const struct cfjail *j, const char *name_msg,
67     const char *noname_msg);
68 static int jailparam_set_note(const struct cfjail *j, struct jailparam *jp,
69     unsigned njp, int flags);
70 static void print_jail(FILE *fp, struct cfjail *j, int oldcl);
71 static void print_param(FILE *fp, const struct cfparam *p, int sep, int doname);
72 static void quoted_print(FILE *fp, char *str);
73 static void usage(void);
74 
75 static struct permspec perm_sysctl[] = {
76     { "security.jail.set_hostname_allowed", KP_ALLOW_SET_HOSTNAME, 0 },
77     { "security.jail.sysvipc_allowed", KP_ALLOW_SYSVIPC, 0 },
78     { "security.jail.allow_raw_sockets", KP_ALLOW_RAW_SOCKETS, 0 },
79     { "security.jail.chflags_allowed", KP_ALLOW_CHFLAGS, 0 },
80     { "security.jail.mount_allowed", KP_ALLOW_MOUNT, 0 },
81     { "security.jail.socket_unixiproute_only", KP_ALLOW_SOCKET_AF, 1 },
82 };
83 
84 static const enum intparam startcommands[] = {
85     IP__NULL,
86 #ifdef INET
87     IP__IP4_IFADDR,
88 #endif
89 #ifdef INET6
90     IP__IP6_IFADDR,
91 #endif
92     IP_MOUNT,
93     IP__MOUNT_FROM_FSTAB,
94     IP_MOUNT_DEVFS,
95     IP_MOUNT_FDESCFS,
96     IP_MOUNT_PROCFS,
97     IP_EXEC_PRESTART,
98     IP__OP,
99     IP_VNET_INTERFACE,
100     IP_EXEC_START,
101     IP_COMMAND,
102     IP_EXEC_POSTSTART,
103     IP__NULL
104 };
105 
106 static const enum intparam stopcommands[] = {
107     IP__NULL,
108     IP_EXEC_PRESTOP,
109     IP_EXEC_STOP,
110     IP_STOP_TIMEOUT,
111     IP__OP,
112     IP_EXEC_POSTSTOP,
113     IP_MOUNT_PROCFS,
114     IP_MOUNT_FDESCFS,
115     IP_MOUNT_DEVFS,
116     IP__MOUNT_FROM_FSTAB,
117     IP_MOUNT,
118 #ifdef INET6
119     IP__IP6_IFADDR,
120 #endif
121 #ifdef INET
122     IP__IP4_IFADDR,
123 #endif
124     IP__NULL
125 };
126 
127 int
128 main(int argc, char **argv)
129 {
130 	struct stat st;
131 	FILE *jfp;
132 	struct cfjail *j;
133 	char *JidFile;
134 	size_t sysvallen;
135 	unsigned op, pi;
136 	int ch, docf, error, i, oldcl, sysval;
137 	int dflag, Rflag;
138 	char enforce_statfs[4];
139 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
140 	char *cs, *ncs;
141 #endif
142 #if defined(INET) && defined(INET6)
143 	struct in6_addr addr6;
144 #endif
145 
146 	op = 0;
147 	dflag = Rflag = 0;
148 	docf = 1;
149 	cfname = CONF_FILE;
150 	JidFile = NULL;
151 
152 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "cdf:hiJ:lmn:p:qrRs:u:U:v")) != -1) {
153 		switch (ch) {
154 		case 'c':
155 			op |= JF_START;
156 			break;
157 		case 'd':
158 			dflag = 1;
159 			break;
160 		case 'f':
161 			cfname = optarg;
162 			break;
163 		case 'h':
164 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
165 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_IP_HOSTNAME, NULL);
166 #endif
167 			docf = 0;
168 			break;
169 		case 'i':
170 			iflag = 1;
171 			verbose = -1;
172 			break;
173 		case 'J':
174 			JidFile = optarg;
175 			break;
176 		case 'l':
177 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_CLEAN, NULL);
178 			docf = 0;
179 			break;
180 		case 'm':
181 			op |= JF_SET;
182 			break;
183 		case 'n':
184 			add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_NAME, optarg);
185 			docf = 0;
186 			break;
187 		case 'p':
188 			paralimit = strtol(optarg, NULL, 10);
189 			if (paralimit == 0)
190 				paralimit = -1;
191 			break;
192 		case 'q':
193 			verbose = -1;
194 			break;
195 		case 'r':
196 			op |= JF_STOP;
197 			break;
198 		case 'R':
199 			op |= JF_STOP;
200 			Rflag = 1;
201 			break;
202 		case 's':
203 			add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_SECURELEVEL, optarg);
204 			docf = 0;
205 			break;
206 		case 'u':
207 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_JAIL_USER, optarg);
208 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_SYSTEM_JAIL_USER, NULL);
209 			docf = 0;
210 			break;
211 		case 'U':
212 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_JAIL_USER, optarg);
213 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_EXEC_SYSTEM_JAIL_USER,
214 			    "false");
215 			docf = 0;
216 			break;
217 		case 'v':
218 			verbose = 1;
219 			break;
220 		default:
221 			usage();
222 		}
223 	}
224 	argc -= optind;
225 	argv += optind;
226 
227 	/* Find out which of the four command line styles this is. */
228 	oldcl = 0;
229 	if (!op) {
230 		/* Old-style command line with four fixed parameters */
231 		if (argc < 4 || argv[0][0] != '/')
232 			usage();
233 		op = JF_START;
234 		docf = 0;
235 		oldcl = 1;
236 		add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_PATH, argv[0]);
237 		add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_HOST_HOSTNAME, argv[1]);
238 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
239 		if (argv[2][0] != '\0') {
240 			for (cs = argv[2];; cs = ncs + 1) {
241 				ncs = strchr(cs, ',');
242 				if (ncs)
243 					*ncs = '\0';
244 				add_param(NULL, NULL,
245 #if defined(INET) && defined(INET6)
246 				    inet_pton(AF_INET6, cs, &addr6) == 1
247 				    ? KP_IP6_ADDR : KP_IP4_ADDR,
248 #elif defined(INET)
249 				    KP_IP4_ADDR,
250 #elif defined(INET6)
251 				    KP_IP6_ADDR,
252 #endif
253 				    cs);
254 				if (!ncs)
255 					break;
256 			}
257 		}
258 #endif
259 		for (i = 3; i < argc; i++)
260 			add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_COMMAND, argv[i]);
261 		/* Emulate the defaults from security.jail.* sysctls. */
262 		sysvallen = sizeof(sysval);
263 		if (sysctlbyname("security.jail.jailed", &sysval, &sysvallen,
264 		    NULL, 0) == 0 && sysval == 0) {
265 			for (pi = 0; pi < sizeof(perm_sysctl) /
266 			     sizeof(perm_sysctl[0]); pi++) {
267 				sysvallen = sizeof(sysval);
268 				if (sysctlbyname(perm_sysctl[pi].name,
269 				    &sysval, &sysvallen, NULL, 0) == 0)
270 					add_param(NULL, NULL,
271 					    perm_sysctl[pi].ipnum,
272 					    (sysval ? 1 : 0) ^
273 					    perm_sysctl[pi].rev
274 					    ? NULL : "false");
275 			}
276 			sysvallen = sizeof(sysval);
277 			if (sysctlbyname("security.jail.enforce_statfs",
278 			    &sysval, &sysvallen, NULL, 0) == 0) {
279 				snprintf(enforce_statfs,
280 				    sizeof(enforce_statfs), "%d", sysval);
281 				add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_ENFORCE_STATFS,
282 				    enforce_statfs);
283 			}
284 		}
285 	} else if (op == JF_STOP) {
286 		/* Jail remove, perhaps using the config file */
287 		if (!docf || argc == 0)
288 			usage();
289 		if (!Rflag)
290 			for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
291 				if (strchr(argv[i], '='))
292 					usage();
293 		if ((docf = !Rflag &&
294 		     (!strcmp(cfname, "-") || stat(cfname, &st) == 0)))
295 			load_config();
296 		note_remove = docf || argc > 1 || wild_jail_name(argv[0]);
297 	} else if (argc > 1 || (argc == 1 && strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
298 		/* Single jail specified on the command line */
299 		if (Rflag)
300 			usage();
301 		docf = 0;
302 		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
303 			if (!strncmp(argv[i], "command", 7) &&
304 			    (argv[i][7] == '\0' || argv[i][7] == '=')) {
305 				if (argv[i][7]  == '=')
306 					add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_COMMAND,
307 					    argv[i] + 8);
308 				for (i++; i < argc; i++)
309 					add_param(NULL, NULL, IP_COMMAND,
310 					    argv[i]);
311 			}
312 #ifdef INET
313 			else if (!strncmp(argv[i], "ip4.addr=", 9)) {
314 				for (cs = argv[i] + 9;; cs = ncs + 1) {
315 					ncs = strchr(cs, ',');
316 					if (ncs)
317 						*ncs = '\0';
318 					add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_IP4_ADDR, cs);
319 					if (!ncs)
320 						break;
321 				}
322 			}
323 #endif
324 #ifdef INET6
325 			else if (!strncmp(argv[i], "ip6.addr=", 9)) {
326 				for (cs = argv[i] + 9;; cs = ncs + 1) {
327 					ncs = strchr(cs, ',');
328 					if (ncs)
329 						*ncs = '\0';
330 					add_param(NULL, NULL, KP_IP6_ADDR, cs);
331 					if (!ncs)
332 						break;
333 				}
334 			}
335 #endif
336 			else
337 				add_param(NULL, NULL, 0, argv[i]);
338 		}
339 	} else {
340 		/* From the config file, perhaps with a specified jail */
341 		if (Rflag || !docf)
342 			usage();
343 		load_config();
344 	}
345 
346 	/* Find out which jails will be run. */
347 	dep_setup(docf);
348 	error = 0;
349 	if (op == JF_STOP) {
350 		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
351 			if (start_state(argv[i], docf, op, Rflag) < 0)
352 				error = 1;
353 	} else {
354 		if (start_state(argv[0], docf, op, 0) < 0)
355 			exit(1);
356 	}
357 
358 	jfp = NULL;
359 	if (JidFile != NULL) {
360 		jfp = fopen(JidFile, "w");
361 		if (jfp == NULL)
362 			err(1, "open %s", JidFile);
363 		setlinebuf(jfp);
364 	}
365 	setlinebuf(stdout);
366 
367 	/*
368 	 * The main loop: Get an available jail and perform the required
369 	 * operation on it.  When that is done, the jail may be finished,
370 	 * or it may go back for the next step.
371 	 */
372 	while ((j = next_jail()))
373 	{
374 		if (j->flags & JF_FAILED) {
375 			error = 1;
376 			if (j->comparam == NULL) {
377 				dep_done(j, 0);
378 				continue;
379 			}
380 		}
381 		if (!(j->flags & JF_PARAMS))
382 		{
383 			j->flags |= JF_PARAMS;
384 			if (dflag)
385 				add_param(j, NULL, IP_ALLOW_DYING, NULL);
386 			if (check_intparams(j) < 0)
387 				continue;
388 			if ((j->flags & (JF_START | JF_SET)) &&
389 			    import_params(j) < 0)
390 				continue;
391 		}
392 		if (!j->jid)
393 			running_jid(j,
394 			    (j->flags & (JF_SET | JF_DEPEND)) == JF_SET
395 			    ? dflag || bool_param(j->intparams[IP_ALLOW_DYING])
396 			    : 0);
397 		if (finish_command(j))
398 			continue;
399 
400 		switch (j->flags & JF_OP_MASK) {
401 			/*
402 			 * These operations just turn into a different op
403 			 * depending on the jail's current status.
404 			 */
405 		case JF_START_SET:
406 			j->flags = j->jid < 0 ? JF_START : JF_SET;
407 			break;
408 		case JF_SET_RESTART:
409 			if (j->jid < 0) {
410 				jail_quoted_warnx(j, "not found",
411 				    "no jail specified");
412 				failed(j);
413 				continue;
414 			}
415 			j->flags = rdtun_params(j, 0) ? JF_RESTART : JF_SET;
416 			if (j->flags == JF_RESTART)
417 				dep_reset(j);
418 			break;
419 		case JF_START_SET_RESTART:
420 			j->flags = j->jid < 0 ? JF_START
421 			    : rdtun_params(j, 0) ? JF_RESTART : JF_SET;
422 			if (j->flags == JF_RESTART)
423 				dep_reset(j);
424 		}
425 
426 		switch (j->flags & JF_OP_MASK) {
427 		case JF_START:
428 			if (j->comparam == NULL) {
429 				if (j->jid > 0 &&
430 				    !(j->flags & (JF_DEPEND | JF_WILD))) {
431 					jail_quoted_warnx(j, "already exists",
432 					    NULL);
433 					failed(j);
434 					continue;
435 				}
436 				if (dep_check(j))
437 					continue;
438 				if (j->jid > 0)
439 					goto jail_create_done;
440 				j->comparam = startcommands;
441 				j->comstring = NULL;
442 			}
443 			if (next_command(j))
444 				continue;
445 		jail_create_done:
446 			clear_persist(j);
447 			if (jfp != NULL)
448 				print_jail(jfp, j, oldcl);
449 			dep_done(j, 0);
450 			break;
451 
452 		case JF_SET:
453 			if (j->jid < 0 && !(j->flags & JF_DEPEND)) {
454 				jail_quoted_warnx(j, "not found",
455 				    "no jail specified");
456 				failed(j);
457 				continue;
458 			}
459 			if (dep_check(j))
460 				continue;
461 			if (!(j->flags & JF_DEPEND)) {
462 				if (rdtun_params(j, 1) < 0 ||
463 				    update_jail(j) < 0)
464 					continue;
465 				if (verbose >= 0 && (j->name || verbose > 0))
466 					jail_note(j, "updated\n");
467 			}
468 			dep_done(j, 0);
469 			break;
470 
471 		case JF_STOP:
472 		case JF_RESTART:
473 			if (j->comparam == NULL) {
474 				if (dep_check(j))
475 					continue;
476 				if (j->jid < 0) {
477 					if (!(j->flags & (JF_DEPEND|JF_WILD))) {
478 						if (verbose >= 0)
479 							jail_quoted_warnx(j,
480 							    "not found", NULL);
481 						failed(j);
482 					}
483 					goto jail_remove_done;
484 				}
485 				j->comparam = stopcommands;
486 				j->comstring = NULL;
487 			} else if ((j->flags & JF_FAILED) && j->jid > 0)
488 				goto jail_remove_done;
489 			if (next_command(j))
490 				continue;
491 		jail_remove_done:
492 			dep_done(j, 0);
493 			if ((j->flags & (JF_START | JF_FAILED)) == JF_START) {
494 				j->comparam = NULL;
495 				j->flags &= ~JF_STOP;
496 				dep_reset(j);
497 				requeue(j, j->ndeps ? &depend : &ready);
498 			}
499 			break;
500 		}
501 	}
502 
503 	if (jfp != NULL)
504 		fclose(jfp);
505 	exit(error);
506 }
507 
508 /*
509  * Mark a jail's failure for future handling.
510  */
511 void
512 failed(struct cfjail *j)
513 {
514 	j->flags |= JF_FAILED;
515 	TAILQ_REMOVE(j->queue, j, tq);
516 	TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&ready, j, tq);
517 	j->queue = &ready;
518 }
519 
520 /*
521  * Exit slightly more gracefully when out of memory.
522  */
523 void *
524 emalloc(size_t size)
525 {
526 	void *p;
527 
528 	p = malloc(size);
529 	if (!p)
530 		err(1, "malloc");
531 	return p;
532 }
533 
534 void *
535 erealloc(void *ptr, size_t size)
536 {
537 	void *p;
538 
539 	p = realloc(ptr, size);
540 	if (!p)
541 		err(1, "malloc");
542 	return p;
543 }
544 
545 char *
546 estrdup(const char *str)
547 {
548 	char *ns;
549 
550 	ns = strdup(str);
551 	if (!ns)
552 		err(1, "malloc");
553 	return ns;
554 }
555 
556 /*
557  * Print a message including an optional jail name.
558  */
559 void
560 jail_note(const struct cfjail *j, const char *fmt, ...)
561 {
562 	va_list ap, tap;
563 	char *cs;
564 	size_t len;
565 
566 	va_start(ap, fmt);
567 	va_copy(tap, ap);
568 	len = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, tap);
569 	va_end(tap);
570 	cs = alloca(len + 1);
571 	(void)vsnprintf(cs, len + 1, fmt, ap);
572 	va_end(ap);
573 	if (j->name)
574 		printf("%s: %s", j->name, cs);
575 	else
576 		printf("%s", cs);
577 }
578 
579 /*
580  * Print a warning message including an optional jail name.
581  */
582 void
583 jail_warnx(const struct cfjail *j, const char *fmt, ...)
584 {
585 	va_list ap, tap;
586 	char *cs;
587 	size_t len;
588 
589 	va_start(ap, fmt);
590 	va_copy(tap, ap);
591 	len = vsnprintf(NULL, 0, fmt, tap);
592 	va_end(tap);
593 	cs = alloca(len + 1);
594 	(void)vsnprintf(cs, len + 1, fmt, ap);
595 	va_end(ap);
596 	if (j->name)
597 		warnx("%s: %s", j->name, cs);
598 	else
599 		warnx("%s", cs);
600 }
601 
602 /*
603  * Create a new jail.
604  */
605 int
606 create_jail(struct cfjail *j)
607 {
608 	struct iovec jiov[4];
609 	struct stat st;
610 	struct jailparam *jp, *setparams, *setparams2, *sjp;
611 	const char *path;
612 	int dopersist, ns, jid, dying, didfail;
613 
614 	/*
615 	 * Check the jail's path, with a better error message than jail_set
616 	 * gives.
617 	 */
618 	if ((path = string_param(j->intparams[KP_PATH]))) {
619 		if (j->name != NULL && path[0] != '/') {
620 			jail_warnx(j, "path %s: not an absolute pathname",
621 			    path);
622 			return -1;
623 		}
624 		if (stat(path, &st) < 0) {
625 			jail_warnx(j, "path %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
626 			return -1;
627 		}
628 		if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
629 			jail_warnx(j, "path %s: %s", path, strerror(ENOTDIR));
630 			return -1;
631 		}
632 	}
633 
634 	/*
635 	 * Copy all the parameters, except that "persist" is always set when
636 	 * there are commands to run later.
637 	 */
638 	dopersist = !bool_param(j->intparams[KP_PERSIST]) &&
639 	    (j->intparams[IP_EXEC_START] || j->intparams[IP_COMMAND] ||
640 	     j->intparams[IP_EXEC_POSTSTART]);
641 	sjp = setparams =
642 	    alloca((j->njp + dopersist) * sizeof(struct jailparam));
643 	if (dopersist && jailparam_init(sjp++, "persist") < 0) {
644 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
645 		return -1;
646 	}
647 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
648 		if (!dopersist || !equalopts(jp->jp_name, "persist"))
649 			*sjp++ = *jp;
650 	ns = sjp - setparams;
651 
652 	didfail = 0;
653 	j->jid = jailparam_set_note(j, setparams, ns, JAIL_CREATE);
654 	if (j->jid < 0 && errno == EEXIST &&
655 	    bool_param(j->intparams[IP_ALLOW_DYING]) &&
656 	    int_param(j->intparams[KP_JID], &jid) && jid != 0) {
657 		/*
658 		 * The jail already exists, but may be dying.
659 		 * Make sure it is, in which case an update is appropriate.
660 		 */
661 		jiov[0].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "jid");
662 		jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("jid");
663 		jiov[1].iov_base = &jid;
664 		jiov[1].iov_len = sizeof(jid);
665 		jiov[2].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "dying");
666 		jiov[2].iov_len = sizeof("dying");
667 		jiov[3].iov_base = &dying;
668 		jiov[3].iov_len = sizeof(dying);
669 		if (jail_get(jiov, 4, JAIL_DYING) < 0) {
670 			/*
671 			 * It could be that the jail just barely finished
672 			 * dying, or it could be that the jid never existed
673 			 * but the name does.  In either case, another try
674 			 * at creating the jail should do the right thing.
675 			 */
676 			if (errno == ENOENT)
677 				j->jid = jailparam_set_note(j, setparams, ns,
678 				    JAIL_CREATE);
679 		} else if (dying) {
680 			j->jid = jid;
681 			if (rdtun_params(j, 1) < 0) {
682 				j->jid = -1;
683 				didfail = 1;
684 			} else {
685 				sjp = setparams2 = alloca((j->njp + dopersist) *
686 				    sizeof(struct jailparam));
687 				for (jp = setparams; jp < setparams + ns; jp++)
688 					if (!JP_RDTUN(jp) ||
689 					    !strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid"))
690 						*sjp++ = *jp;
691 				j->jid = jailparam_set_note(j, setparams2,
692 				    sjp - setparams2, JAIL_UPDATE | JAIL_DYING);
693 				/*
694 				 * Again, perhaps the jail just finished dying.
695 				 */
696 				if (j->jid < 0 && errno == ENOENT)
697 					j->jid = jailparam_set_note(j,
698 					    setparams, ns, JAIL_CREATE);
699 			}
700 		}
701 	}
702 	if (j->jid < 0 && !didfail) {
703 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
704 		failed(j);
705 	}
706 	if (dopersist) {
707 		jailparam_free(setparams, 1);
708 		if (j->jid > 0)
709 			j->flags |= JF_PERSIST;
710 	}
711 	return j->jid;
712 }
713 
714 /*
715  * Remove a temporarily set "persist" parameter.
716  */
717 static void
718 clear_persist(struct cfjail *j)
719 {
720 	struct iovec jiov[4];
721 	int jid;
722 
723 	if (!(j->flags & JF_PERSIST))
724 		return;
725 	j->flags &= ~JF_PERSIST;
726 	jiov[0].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "jid");
727 	jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("jid");
728 	jiov[1].iov_base = &j->jid;
729 	jiov[1].iov_len = sizeof(j->jid);
730 	jiov[2].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "nopersist");
731 	jiov[2].iov_len = sizeof("nopersist");
732 	jiov[3].iov_base = NULL;
733 	jiov[3].iov_len = 0;
734 	jid = jail_set(jiov, 4, JAIL_UPDATE);
735 	if (verbose > 0)
736 		jail_note(j, "jail_set(JAIL_UPDATE) jid=%d nopersist%s%s\n",
737 		    j->jid, jid < 0 ? ": " : "",
738 		    jid < 0 ? strerror(errno) : "");
739 }
740 
741 /*
742  * Set a jail's parameters.
743  */
744 static int
745 update_jail(struct cfjail *j)
746 {
747 	struct jailparam *jp, *setparams, *sjp;
748 	int ns, jid;
749 
750 	ns = 0;
751 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
752 		if (!JP_RDTUN(jp))
753 			ns++;
754 	if (ns == 0)
755 		return 0;
756 	sjp = setparams = alloca(++ns * sizeof(struct jailparam));
757 	if (jailparam_init(sjp, "jid") < 0 ||
758 	    jailparam_import_raw(sjp, &j->jid, sizeof j->jid) < 0) {
759 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
760 		failed(j);
761 		return -1;
762 	}
763 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
764 		if (!JP_RDTUN(jp))
765 			*++sjp = *jp;
766 
767 	jid = jailparam_set_note(j, setparams, ns,
768 	    bool_param(j->intparams[IP_ALLOW_DYING])
769 	    ? JAIL_UPDATE | JAIL_DYING : JAIL_UPDATE);
770 	if (jid < 0) {
771 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
772 		failed(j);
773 	}
774 	jailparam_free(setparams, 1);
775 	return jid;
776 }
777 
778 /*
779  * Return if a jail set would change any create-only parameters.
780  */
781 static int
782 rdtun_params(struct cfjail *j, int dofail)
783 {
784 	struct jailparam *jp, *rtparams, *rtjp;
785 	int nrt, rval;
786 
787 	if (j->flags & JF_RDTUN)
788 		return 0;
789 	j->flags |= JF_RDTUN;
790 	nrt = 0;
791 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
792 		if (JP_RDTUN(jp) && strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid"))
793 			nrt++;
794 	if (nrt == 0)
795 		return 0;
796 	rtjp = rtparams = alloca(++nrt * sizeof(struct jailparam));
797 	if (jailparam_init(rtjp, "jid") < 0 ||
798 	    jailparam_import_raw(rtjp, &j->jid, sizeof j->jid) < 0) {
799 		jail_warnx(j, "%s", jail_errmsg);
800 		exit(1);
801 	}
802 	for (jp = j->jp; jp < j->jp + j->njp; jp++)
803 		if (JP_RDTUN(jp) && strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid"))
804 			*++rtjp = *jp;
805 	rval = 0;
806 	if (jailparam_get(rtparams, nrt,
807 	    bool_param(j->intparams[IP_ALLOW_DYING]) ? JAIL_DYING : 0) > 0) {
808 		rtjp = rtparams + 1;
809 		for (jp = j->jp; rtjp < rtparams + nrt; jp++) {
810 			if (JP_RDTUN(jp) && strcmp(jp->jp_name, "jid")) {
811 				if (!((jp->jp_flags & (JP_BOOL | JP_NOBOOL)) &&
812 				    jp->jp_valuelen == 0 &&
813 				    *(int *)jp->jp_value) &&
814 				    !(rtjp->jp_valuelen == jp->jp_valuelen &&
815 				    !memcmp(rtjp->jp_value, jp->jp_value,
816 				    jp->jp_valuelen))) {
817 					if (dofail) {
818 						jail_warnx(j, "%s cannot be "
819 						    "changed after creation",
820 						    jp->jp_name);
821 						failed(j);
822 						rval = -1;
823 					} else
824 						rval = 1;
825 					break;
826 				}
827 				rtjp++;
828 			}
829 		}
830 	}
831 	for (rtjp = rtparams + 1; rtjp < rtparams + nrt; rtjp++)
832 		rtjp->jp_name = NULL;
833 	jailparam_free(rtparams, nrt);
834 	return rval;
835 }
836 
837 /*
838  * Get the jail's jid if it is running.
839  */
840 static void
841 running_jid(struct cfjail *j, int dflag)
842 {
843 	struct iovec jiov[2];
844 	const char *pval;
845 	char *ep;
846 	int jid;
847 
848 	if ((pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_JID]))) {
849 		if (!(jid = strtol(pval, &ep, 10)) || *ep) {
850 			j->jid = -1;
851 			return;
852 		}
853 		jiov[0].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "jid");
854 		jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("jid");
855 		jiov[1].iov_base = &jid;
856 		jiov[1].iov_len = sizeof(jid);
857 	} else if ((pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_NAME]))) {
858 		jiov[0].iov_base = __DECONST(char *, "name");
859 		jiov[0].iov_len = sizeof("name");
860 		jiov[1].iov_len = strlen(pval) + 1;
861 		jiov[1].iov_base = alloca(jiov[1].iov_len);
862 		strcpy(jiov[1].iov_base, pval);
863 	} else {
864 		j->jid = -1;
865 		return;
866 	}
867 	j->jid = jail_get(jiov, 2, dflag ? JAIL_DYING : 0);
868 }
869 
870 static void
871 jail_quoted_warnx(const struct cfjail *j, const char *name_msg,
872     const char *noname_msg)
873 {
874 	const char *pval;
875 
876 	if ((pval = j->name) || (pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_JID])) ||
877 	    (pval = string_param(j->intparams[KP_NAME])))
878 		warnx("\"%s\" %s", pval, name_msg);
879 	else
880 		warnx("%s", noname_msg);
881 }
882 
883 /*
884  * Set jail parameters and possibly print them out.
885  */
886 static int
887 jailparam_set_note(const struct cfjail *j, struct jailparam *jp, unsigned njp,
888     int flags)
889 {
890 	char *value;
891 	int jid;
892 	unsigned i;
893 
894 	jid = jailparam_set(jp, njp, flags);
895 	if (verbose > 0) {
896 		jail_note(j, "jail_set(%s%s)",
897 		    (flags & (JAIL_CREATE | JAIL_UPDATE)) == JAIL_CREATE
898 		    ? "JAIL_CREATE" : "JAIL_UPDATE",
899 		    (flags & JAIL_DYING) ? " | JAIL_DYING" : "");
900 		for (i = 0; i < njp; i++) {
901 			printf(" %s", jp[i].jp_name);
902 			if (jp[i].jp_value == NULL)
903 				continue;
904 			putchar('=');
905 			value = jailparam_export(jp + i);
906 			if (value == NULL)
907 				err(1, "jailparam_export");
908 			quoted_print(stdout, value);
909 			free(value);
910 		}
911 		if (jid < 0)
912 			printf(": %s", strerror(errno));
913 		printf("\n");
914 	}
915 	return jid;
916 }
917 
918 /*
919  * Print a jail record.
920  */
921 static void
922 print_jail(FILE *fp, struct cfjail *j, int oldcl)
923 {
924 	struct cfparam *p;
925 
926 	if (oldcl) {
927 		fprintf(fp, "%d\t", j->jid);
928 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_PATH], ',', 0);
929 		putc('\t', fp);
930 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_HOST_HOSTNAME], ',', 0);
931 		putc('\t', fp);
932 #ifdef INET
933 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_IP4_ADDR], ',', 0);
934 #ifdef INET6
935 		if (j->intparams[KP_IP4_ADDR] &&
936 		    !TAILQ_EMPTY(&j->intparams[KP_IP4_ADDR]->val) &&
937 		    j->intparams[KP_IP6_ADDR] &&
938 		    !TAILQ_EMPTY(&j->intparams[KP_IP6_ADDR]->val))
939 		    putc(',', fp);
940 #endif
941 #endif
942 #ifdef INET6
943 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[KP_IP6_ADDR], ',', 0);
944 #endif
945 		putc('\t', fp);
946 		print_param(fp, j->intparams[IP_COMMAND], ' ', 0);
947 	} else {
948 		fprintf(fp, "jid=%d", j->jid);
949 		TAILQ_FOREACH(p, &j->params, tq)
950 			if (strcmp(p->name, "jid")) {
951 				putc(' ', fp);
952 				print_param(fp, p, ',', 1);
953 			}
954 	}
955 	putc('\n', fp);
956 }
957 
958 /*
959  * Print a parameter value, or a name=value pair.
960  */
961 static void
962 print_param(FILE *fp, const struct cfparam *p, int sep, int doname)
963 {
964 	const struct cfstring *s, *ts;
965 
966 	if (doname)
967 		fputs(p->name, fp);
968 	if (p == NULL || TAILQ_EMPTY(&p->val))
969 		return;
970 	if (doname)
971 		putc('=', fp);
972 	TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(s, &p->val, tq, ts) {
973 		quoted_print(fp, s->s);
974 		if (ts != NULL)
975 			putc(sep, fp);
976 	}
977 }
978 
979 /*
980  * Print a string with quotes around spaces.
981  */
982 static void
983 quoted_print(FILE *fp, char *str)
984 {
985 	int c, qc;
986 	char *p = str;
987 
988 	qc = !*p ? '"'
989 	    : strchr(p, '\'') ? '"'
990 	    : strchr(p, '"') ? '\''
991 	    : strchr(p, ' ') || strchr(p, '\t') ? '"'
992 	    : 0;
993 	if (qc)
994 		putc(qc, fp);
995 	while ((c = *p++)) {
996 		if (c == '\\' || c == qc)
997 			putc('\\', fp);
998 		putc(c, fp);
999 	}
1000 	if (qc)
1001 		putc(qc, fp);
1002 }
1003 
1004 static void
1005 usage(void)
1006 {
1007 
1008 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
1009 	    "usage: jail [-dhilqv] [-J jid_file] [-u username] [-U username]\n"
1010 	    "            -[cmr] param=value ... [command=command ...]\n"
1011 	    "       jail [-dqv] [-f file] -[cmr] [jail]\n"
1012 	    "       jail [-qv] [-f file] -[rR] ['*' | jail ...]\n"
1013 	    "       jail [-dhilqv] [-J jid_file] [-u username] [-U username]\n"
1014 	    "            [-n jailname] [-s securelevel]\n"
1015 	    "            path hostname [ip[,...]] command ...\n");
1016 	exit(1);
1017 }
1018